Samuel_Kim_en_uhg/content/stem_pual.rst

:github_url: https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/stem_pual.rst

.. _stem_pual:

Stem Pual
=========

Summary
-------

The Pual stem is the passive form of the Piel, and it generally
expresses the passive voice of the meaning of a verb in the Piel stem.

Article
-------

The Pual
:ref:`stem`
is the passive form of the :ref:`stem_piel`
formation in Biblical Hebrew. The Pual stem is usually indicated by a
daghesh in the middle consonsant of the
:ref:`verb`
and a qibbuts vowel under the first consonant. Generally speaking, the
Pual stem expresses the passive voice of the meaning of a verb in the
Piel stem. Scholars sometimes disagree whether certain verb forms should
be classified as belonging to the Pual stem or the :ref:`stem_qal_passive`.
In English, passive action is expressed using the helping verb "to be."
In Biblical Hebrew, the passive nature of the verbal action is expressed
by the Pual form of the verb itself without any helping verbs.

.. include:: includes/consult_dictionary.txt

Form
----

Paradigm
~~~~~~~~

**Suffix Conjugation**

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   <table border="1" class="docutils">

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   <tr class="row-odd">

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   <th>

Parsing

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   </th>

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   <th>

Hebrew

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   </th>

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   <th>

Transliteration

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   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Gloss

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   </th>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּל

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   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttal

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   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

he was slaughtered

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   </td>

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   </tr>

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   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטְּלָה

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   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttelah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

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   <td>

she was slaughtered

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   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּלְתָּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttalta

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּלְתְּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttalt

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common singular first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּלְתִּי

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttalti

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

I was slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common plural third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטְּלוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttelu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

they were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּלְתֶּם

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttaltem

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּלְתֶּן

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttalten

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common plural first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטַּלְנוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttalnu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

we were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   </tbody>

.. raw:: html

   </table>

**Prefix Conjugation**

.. raw:: html

   <table border="1" class="docutils">

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd">

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Parsing

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   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Hebrew

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Transliteration

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Gloss

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

יְקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

yequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

he will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

תְּקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

tequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

she will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

תְּקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

tequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

תְּקֻטְּלִי

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

tequtteli

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common singular first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

אֲקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

'aquttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

I will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

יְקֻטְּלוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

yequttelu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

they will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

תְּקֻטַּלְנָה

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

tequttalnah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

they will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

תְּקֻטְּלוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

tequttelu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

תְּקֻטַּלְנָה

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

tequttalnah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common plural first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

נְקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

nequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

we will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   </tbody>

.. raw:: html

   </table>

**Sequential Suffix Conjugation**

.. raw:: html

   <table border="1" class="docutils">

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd">

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Parsing

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Hebrew

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Transliteration

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Gloss

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) he will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטְּלָה

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttelah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) she will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּלְתָּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttalta

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּלְתְּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttalt

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common singular first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּלְתִּי

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttalti

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) I will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common plural third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטְּלוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttelu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) they will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּלְתֶּם

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttaltem

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּלְתֶּן

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttalten

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common plural first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וְקֻטַּלְנוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wequttalnu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) we will be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   </tbody>

.. raw:: html

   </table>

**Sequential Prefix Conjugation**

.. raw:: html

   <table border="1" class="docutils">

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd">

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Parsing

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Hebrew

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Transliteration

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Gloss

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַיְּקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wayyequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) he was slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַתְּקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wattequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) she was slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַתְּקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wattequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine singular second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַתְּקֻטְּלִי

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wattequtteli

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common singular first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וָאֲקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wa'aquttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) I was slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַיְּקֻטְּלוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wayyequttelu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) they were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural third person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַתְּקֻטַּלְנָה

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wattequttalnah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) they were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

masculine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַתְּקֻטְּלוּ

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wattequttelu

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

feminine plural second person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַתְּקֻטַּלְנָה

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wattequttalnah

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) you were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

common plural first person

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

וַנְּקֻטַּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

wannequttal

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

(and) we were slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   </tbody>

.. raw:: html

   </table>

**Infinitive**

.. raw:: html

   <table border="1" class="docutils">

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd">

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Parsing

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Hebrew

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Transliteration

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   <th>

Gloss

.. raw:: html

   </th>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-even" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

Infinitive Construct

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

Not found

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   <tr class="row-odd" align="center">

.. raw:: html

   <td>

Infinitive Absolute

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

קֻטֹּל

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

quttol

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   <td>

be slaughtered

.. raw:: html

   </td>

.. raw:: html

   </tr>

.. raw:: html

   </tbody>

.. raw:: html

   </table>

**Imperative** Not found

**Jussive** Not found

**Cohortative** Not found

**Participle (passive voice)**

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Parsing

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Hebrew

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Transliteration

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Gloss

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masculine singular

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מְקֻטַּל

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mequttal

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being slaughtered

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feminine singular

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מְקֻטֶּלֶת

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mequtteleth

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being slaughtered

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masculine plural

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מְקֻטְּלִים

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mequttelim

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being slaughtered

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feminine plural

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מְקֻטְּלוֹת

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mequtteloth

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being slaughtered

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Function
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The Pual stem can express any of the following kinds of verbal action:

Expresses the passive voice of the Piel stem
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

For most verbs that appear in both the Piel and Pual stems in Biblical
Hebrew, the Pual stem expresses the same kind of action as the Piel stem
(simple, intensive, resultative, causative, etc.) but in passive voice.
A good example is the verb בָּקַע. In the :ref:`stem_qal`,
the verb בָּקַע means "to cut open" or "to break open" (simple action,
active voice). But in the Piel stem, the verb בָּקַע means "to *rip*
open" (intensive action, active voice). Thus, in the Pual stem, the verb
בָּקַע means "to be ripped open" (intensive action, passive voice).

-  JOS 9:4 –– Pual stem of בָּקַע, meaning "to be ripped open"; in Piel
   stem, means "to rip open"

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   וַיִּקְח֞וּ ... וְנֹאד֥וֹת יַ֙יִן֙ בָּלִ֔ים **וּמְבֻקָּעִ֖ים**
   וּמְצֹרָרִֽים

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   wayyiqhu ... wenodoth yayin balim **umevuqqa'im** umetsorarim

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   and-they-took ... and-skins-of wine worn-out **and-ripped-open**
   and-repaired

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   They also took old wine skins that were worn, **torn**, and had been
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-  EZK 38:12 –– Pual stem of אָסַף, meaning "to be gathered"; in Piel
   stem, means "to gather"

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   וְאֶל־עַם֙ **מְאֻסָּ֣ף** מִגּוֹיִ֔ם

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   we'el-'am **me'ussaf** miggoyim

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   and-to\_people **being-gathered** from-nations

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   and against the people **gathered** from the nations

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Expresses simple action in passive voice
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Some verbs use the Pual stem to express simple action in passive voice
(rather than the :ref:`stem_niphal`).
This can be true even if the verb also appears in the Piel stem in
Biblical Hebrew; in such cases, the Pual form does NOT function as a
passive of the Piel stem. A good example is the verb יָלַד. In the Qal
stem, the verb יָלַד expresses the simple action "to give birth". In the
Piel stem, the verb יָלַד expresses the causative action "to cause to
give birth" (meaning, *to serve as a midwife*). But in the Pual stem,
the verb יָלַד expresses the simple passive "to be born" (that is, the
passive of the *Qal* stem rather the *Piel* stem).

-  GEN 4:26 –– the Pual stem of יָלַד ("to give birth") means "to be
   born"

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   וּלְשֵׁ֤ת גַּם־הוּא֙ **יֻלַּד**\ ־בֵּ֔ן

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   ulesheth gam-hu' **yullad**-ben

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   and-to-Seth even\_him **was-born**\ \_son

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   A son **was born** to Seth

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Expresses various kinds of passive or stative action
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Sometimes the Pual form is used with specific verbs or in specific
contexts to express a specialized meaning for the verbal action. A
dictionary or lexicon will indicate the correct meaning in these rare
instances of the Pual stem.

-  EXO 3:2 –– in the Pual stem, the verb אָכַל ("to eat") means "to be
   consumed" by fire ֹor sword

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   וְהִנֵּ֤ה הַסְּנֶה֙ בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְהַסְּנֶ֖ה אֵינֶ֥נּוּ אֻכָּֽל

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   wehinneh hasseneh bo'er ba'esh wehasseneh 'enennu **'ukkal**

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   and-behold the-bush was-burning in-the-fire and-the-bush was-not
   **being-consumed**

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   and behold, the bush was burning, but the bush was not **burned up**

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-  GEN 15:9 –– the Pual form of the verb שָׁלַשׁ means "to be three (years
   old)" or "to have three parts"

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   קְחָ֥ה לִי֙ עֶגְלָ֣ה **מְשֻׁלֶּ֔שֶׁת** וְעֵ֥ז **מְשֻׁלֶּ֖שֶׁת**
   וְאַ֣יִל מְשֻׁלָּ֑שׁ

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   qehah liy 'eglah **meshullesheth** we'ez **meshullesheth** we'ayil
   **meshullash**

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   Take to-me heifer **being-three** and-female-goat **being-three**
   and-ram **being-three**

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   Bring me a heifer **three years old**, a female goat **three years
   old**, a ram **three years old**

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-  PSA 88:18 (PSA 88:19 in Hebrew) –– the Pual
   :ref:`participle_passive`
   of יָדַע ("to know") means an *acquaintance* (that is, "one who is
   known")

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   מְֽיֻדָּעַ֥י מַחְשָֽׁךְ

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   **meyudda'ay** mahshakh

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   **one-who-is-known-to-me** darkness

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   My only **acquaintance** is the darkness

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