:github_url: https://git.door43.org/User./uk_uhg/src/branch/master/content/participle_active.rst
.. _participle_active:
Participle Active
=================

Висновок
--------
.. include:: includes/participle_active-summary.rst

Визначення
----------
.. include:: includes/participle-article.rst
.. include:: includes/participle_active-article.rst

Форма
-----

.. csv-table:: Qal Active Participle Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Синтаксичний аналіз,Іврит,Транслітерація,Переклад
  чоловічий однина Absolute,קֹטֵל,qotel,killing / killer
  жіночий однина Absolute,קֹטֶלֶת / קֹטְלָה,qotelet / qotelah,killing / killer
  чоловічий множина Absolute,קֹטְלִים,qotelim,killing / killers
  жіночий множина Absolute,קֹטְלוֹת,qoteloth,killing / killers

.. csv-table:: Hiphil Active Participle Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Синтаксичний аналіз,Іврит,Транслітерація,Переклад
  чоловічий однина Absolute,מַקְטִיל,maqtil,causing to kill
  жіночий однина Absolute,מַקְטֶלֶת,maqteleth,causing to kill
  чоловічий множина Absolute,מַקְטִילִים,maqtilim,causing to kill
  жіночий множина Absolute,מַקְטִילוֹת,maqtiloth,causing to kill

.. csv-table:: Piel Active Participle Paradigm
  :header-rows: 1

  Синтаксичний аналіз,Іврит,Транслітерація,Переклад
  чоловічий однина Absolute,מְקַטֵּל,meqattel,slaughtering
  жіночий однина Absolute,מְקַטֶּלֶת,meqatteleth,slaughtering
  чоловічий множина Absolute,מְקַטְּלִים,meqattelim,slaughtering
  жіночий множина Absolute,מְקַטְּלוֹת,meqatteloth,slaughtering

Функція
-------
.. include:: includes/participle_active-function.rst
.. include:: includes/participle_active-function-heb-aram.rst

.. _participle_active-verbal:
.. note:: The subject of a verbal participle usually
          precedes the participle, in contrast to the normal conventions of Hebrew
          :ref:`word order<word_order>`.

.. _participle_active-verbal-VC:
.. include:: participle_active-verbal-VC.rst

.. csv-table:: Приклад: HOS 2:10 –– expressing stative action

  "יָעַ֥צְתָּ בֹּ֖שֶׁת לְבֵיתֶ֑ךָ קְצוֹת־עַמִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים **וְחוֹטֵ֥א**
     נַפְשֶֽׁךָ"
  "ya'atsta bosheth levethekha qetsoth-'ammim rabbim **wehote**
     nafshekha"
  "you-have-devised shame to-your-house cutting-off\_peoples many
     **and-making-guilty** your-soul"
  "You have devised shame for your house by cutting off many people,
     **and have sinned** against yourself"

.. csv-table:: Приклад: 1SA 28:14 –– expressing simple durative action

  "עוֹדֶ֖נּוּ **מְדַבֵּ֣ר** עִמָּ֑ם וְרָחֵ֣ל׀ בָּ֗אָה עִם־הַצֹּאן֙
     אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְאָבִ֔יהָ"
  'odennu **medabber** 'immam werahel ba'ah 'im-hatson 'asher le'aviha
  "still-he **was-speaking** with-them and-Rachel came with\_the-sheep
     that to-her-father"
  "While Jacob **was** still **speaking** with them, Rachel came with
     her father's sheep,"

.. csv-table:: Приклад: NEH 1:4 –– two participles paired with finite verb היה

  וָֽאֱהִ֥י **צָם֙ וּמִתְפַּלֵּ֔ל** לִפְנֵ֖י אֱלֹהֵ֥י הַשָּׁמָֽיִם
  wa'ehi **tsam umithpallel** lifne 'elohe hashamayim
  and-I-was **fasting and-praying** before God-of the-heavens
  I **was fasting and praying** before the God of heaven.

.. _participle_active-verbal-MV:
.. include:: participle_active-verbal-MV.rst

.. csv-table:: Приклад: 1SA 3:8 –– expressing frequentive action

  וַיָּ֣בֶן עֵלִ֔י כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה **קֹרֵ֥א** לַנָּֽעַר
  wayyaven 'eli ki yehwah **qore** lanna'ar
  and-he-understood Eli that Йагве **was-calling** to-the-boy
  Then Eli realized that Йагве **had called** the boy.

.. csv-table:: Приклад: 1SA 28:14 –– expressing simple durative action

  וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אִ֤ישׁ זָקֵן֙ עֹלֶ֔ה
  wattomer 'ish zaqen **'oleh**
  and-she-said man old **is-going-up**
  "She said, ""An old man **is coming up**"

.. csv-table:: Приклад: 1SA 3:11 –– expressing imminent action

  הִנֵּ֧ה אָנֹכִ֛י **עֹשֶׂ֥ה** דָבָ֖ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
  hinneh 'anokhi **'oseh** davar beyisra'el
  Behold I **am-doing** thing in-Israel
  "See, I **am about to do** something in Israel"

.. _participle_active-adjectival:
.. include:: includes/participle-adjectival.rst

.. csv-table:: Приклад: DEU 4:24 –– a participle functioning by itself as an adjective

  כִּ֚י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֵ֥שׁ אֹכְלָ֖ה
  ki yehwah 'eloheykha 'esh **'okhelah**
  for Йагве your-God fire **eating**
  For Йагве your God is a **devouring** fire

.. csv-table:: Приклад: GEN 1:12 –– a participle introducing a clause functioning as an adjective

  "וַתּוֹצֵ֨א הָאָ֜רֶץ דֶּ֠שֶׁא עֵ֣שֶׂב **מַזְרִ֤יעַ** זֶ֙רַע֙
     לְמִינֵ֔הוּ"
  wattotse ha'arets deshe 'esev **mazria'** zera' leminehu
  "and-it-sprouted-forth the-earth grass crops **yielding** seed
     to-its-kind"
  "The earth produced vegetation, plants **producing** seed after their
     kind"

.. _participle_active-nominal:
.. include:: includes/participle-nominal.rst

.. csv-table:: Приклад: GEN 1:30 –– a participle functioning by itself as a noun

  וּלְכֹ֣ל׀ **רוֹמֵ֣שׂ** עַל־הָאָ֗רֶץ
  ulekhol **romes** 'al-ha'arets
  and-to-all **crawlers** on\_the-earth
  and to everything **that creeps** upon the earth

.. csv-table:: Приклад:  GEN 26:11 –– a participle introducing a relative clause functioning
   as a noun

  הַנֹּגֵ֜עַ בָּאִ֥ישׁ הַזֶּ֛ה וּבְאִשְׁתּ֖וֹ מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת
  **hannogea'** ba'ish hazzeh uve'ishto moth yumath
  "**the-one-touching** in-the-man the-this and-in-his-wife dying
     he-will-be-made-dead"
  **Whoever touches** this man or his wife will surely be put to death.