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Update 'content/particle_affirmation/02.md'

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Joel D. Ruark 2017-08-01 08:19:18 +00:00
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Biblical Hebrew contains three major particles that, used either individually or in combination, express an "affirmation of" or "addition to" some aspect of the text. These particles can have a scope as narrow as a single word or phrase, or as broad as an entire sentence or paragraph.
## אַף
This word is flexible and can function as a particle, a [conjunction](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/conjunction/02.md), or an [adverb](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adverb/02.md#-3). This word does not have a single translation value, but must be translated with great sensitivity to its context. In English, אַף is often translated with a family of different words, including "also", "only", "truly", and/or other terms that can convey the general concepts of affirmation or addition.
This word is flexible in meaning; sometimes it appears to function more like a [conjunction](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/conjunction/02.md) and sometime more like an [adverb](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adverb/02.md#-3). This word does not have a single translation value, but must be translated with great sensitivity to its context. In English, אַף is often translated with a family of different words, including "also", "even", "only", "truly", and/or other terms that can convey the general concepts of affirmation or addition. Sometimes it is left untranslated, in instances where there is no satisfactory way to communicate the sense of the word as used in its specific context.
* ISA 40:24
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* GEN 40:16
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<tr class="row-odd" align="right"><td>וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־יוֹסֵ֔ף **אַף**־אֲנִי֙ בַּחֲלוֹמִ֔י</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>wayyomer 'el-yosef **'af**-'aniy bahalomi</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td>and-he-said to\_Joseph **also**\_I in-my-dream</td>
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<tr class="row-even"><td>he also said to Joseph, "I **also** had a dream</td>
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* JOB 14:3
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<tr class="row-odd" align="right"><td><b>אַף</b>־עַל־זֶ֭ה פָּקַ֣חְתָּ עֵינֶ֑ךָ</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td>**'af**-'al-zeh paqahta 'enekha</td>
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<tr class="row-odd"><td>**Even**\_on_this you-open your-eyes</td>
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<tr class="row-even"><td>Yahweh, why do you keep watching me to see if I am doing something that is wrong?</td>
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## גַּם
Like אַף, this word can function sometimes as a [conjunction](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/conjunction/02.md) and sometimes as an [adverb](https://git.door43.org/Door43/en-uhg/src/master/content/adverb/02.md#-2). This word does not have a single translation value, but must be translated with great sensitivity to its context. In English, גַּם is often translated with a family of different words, including "also", "indeed", "even", and/or other terms that can convey the general concepts of affirmation or addition.