joeldruark-patch-1 (#660)

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/pulls/660
Co-authored-by: Joel D. Ruark <joeldruark@noreply.door43.org>
Co-committed-by: Joel D. Ruark <joeldruark@noreply.door43.org>
This commit is contained in:
Joel D. Ruark 2021-12-24 01:31:06 +00:00
parent 16e13c9b16
commit 80ab2a372d
16 changed files with 17 additions and 23 deletions

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:github_url: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/src/branch/master/content/adjective.rst
.. _adjective:
Adjective
=========
Summary
-------
.. include:: includes/adjective-summary.rst
.. include:: includes/hebrew/adjective-summary-hebrew.rst
Article
-------
In Bibical Hebrew, adjectives match the :ref:`noun<noun>` they describe in
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Form
----
The forms of the adjective closely resemble the forms of the
:ref:`common noun<noun_common>`.
The forms of the adjective closely resemble the forms of the :ref:`common noun<noun_common>`.
Paradigm
~~~~~~~~

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Functions as an :ref:`adverb<adverb>`
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Sometimes an adjective functions as an adverb, meaning that it describes a verb instead of a noun.
This is called an ``adverbial`` adjective.
An ``adverbial adjective`` is an adjective that functions as an adverb,
meaning that it describes a verb instead of a noun.

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The most common use of adjectives is to describe a noun. There are two kinds of adjectives that function in this way, :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` adjectives and :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>` adjectives.
In almost all instances, an ``attributive`` adjective immediately follows the noun that it
In almost all instances, an ``attributive adjective`` immediately follows the noun that it
describes and has the same form in gender, number, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`.
Thus, if the noun is masculine, the adjective is also masculine. If the noun is singular, the adjective is
also singular. If the noun is definite, the adjective is also definite; and so on.

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adjectives that compare two or more items
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A ``comparative`` adjective expresses a comparison between two or more items.
A ``comparative adjective`` expresses a comparison between two or more items.

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adjectives with stronger meaning
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
An ``intensive`` adjective has a stronger degree of meaning than a typical adjective.
An ``intensive adjective`` has a stronger degree of meaning than a typical adjective.

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Functions as a :ref:`noun<noun>`
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Rather than describing a noun, sometimes an adjective itself functions as a noun in the sentence. This is called a ``nominal`` adjective.
A ``nominal adjective`` is an adjective that itself functions as a noun in the sentence rather than describing a noun.

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``Predicative`` adjectives are adjectives that describe nouns using a :ref:`linking verb<verb-linking-verbs>`.
``Predicative adjectives`` are adjectives that describe nouns using a :ref:`linking verb<verb-linking-verbs>`.
Often the linking verb is not present in the Hebrew text and must be supplied when translating into English.
Like :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` adjectives, a predicative adjective usually has the same form as the noun it
describes in both gender and number. Unlike attributive adjectives, however, a predicative

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adjectives with strongest meaning
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A ``superlative`` adjective has a meaning strengthened to its greatest degree.
A ``superlative adjective`` has a meaning strengthened to its greatest degree.

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describes a place or location
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A ``locative`` adverb describes something about the *place* or *location* where the action of the verb happens.
A ``locative adverb`` describes something about the *place* or *location* where the action of the verb happens.

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Functions as a :ref:`noun<noun>`
-------------------
A ``nominal`` adverb is an adverb that functions as a noun rather than describing the verb directly.
A ``nominal adverb`` is an adverb that functions as a noun rather than describing the verb directly.

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describes quality
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A ``qualitative`` adverb describes the *value* of something in relation to the action of the verb.
A ``qualitative adverb`` describes the *value* of something in relation to the action of the verb.

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describes quantity
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A ``quantitative`` adverb describes an *amount* of something in relation to the action of the verb.
A ``quantitative adverb`` describes an *amount* of something in relation to the action of the verb.

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Describes an entire clause or sentence
--------------------------------------
A ``sentential`` adverb describes an entire clause or sentence rather than an individual verb.
A ``sentential adverb`` describes an entire clause or sentence rather than an individual verb.
Sentential adverbs are closely related to :ref:`conjunctions<conjunction>`.

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describes time
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A ``temporal`` adverb describes something about the *time* when the action of the verb happens.
A ``temporal adverb`` describes something about the *time* when the action of the verb happens.

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Functions as an :ref:`adjective<adjective>`
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
An adjectival participle immediately follows the noun it describes, and matches that noun in gender, number, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`.
An ``adjectival participle`` immediately follows the noun it describes, and matches that noun in gender, number, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`.
An adjectival participle can either function as an adjective by itself or introduce an entire clause
that functions as an adjective (either :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` or :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>`).

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Functions as a :ref:`noun<noun>`
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A nominal participle often takes the :ref:`definite article<particle_definite_article>` (but not always),
A ``nominal participle`` often takes the :ref:`definite article<particle_definite_article>` (but not always),
and can either function as a noun by itself or introduce an entire clause that functions as a noun.
A nominal participle will appear in the :ref:`construct<state_construct>` state either when it takes a :ref:`pronominal suffix<suffix_pronominal>`
or when it is in a construct relationship with another noun in the :ref:`absolute<state_absolute>` state.