joeldruark-patch-1 (#652)
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_uhg/pulls/652 Co-authored-by: Joel D. Ruark <joeldruark@noreply.door43.org> Co-committed-by: Joel D. Ruark <joeldruark@noreply.door43.org>
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Functions as an :ref:`adjective<adjective>`
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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An adjectival participle immediately follows the noun it describes, and matches that noun in gender, number, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`.
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An adjectival participle can either function as an adjective by itself or introduce an entire clause
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that functions as an adjective (either :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` or :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>`).
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Functions as a :ref:`noun<noun>`
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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A nominal participle often takes the :ref:`definite article<particle_definite_article>` (but not always),
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and can either function as a noun by itself or introduce an entire clause that functions as a noun.
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A nominal participle will appear in the :ref:`construct<state_construct>` state either when it takes a :ref:`pronominal suffix<suffix_pronominal>`
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or when it is in a construct relationship with another noun in the :ref:`absolute<state_absolute>` state.
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Functions as a :ref:`finite<verb-finite>` main verb
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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When functioning as a main verb, the participle is governed by the context
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and has the potential to be translated as past time, present time,
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future time, or even without a specified timeframe. A verbal participle
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can express continuous, imminent, habitual, or even stative action as
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determined by the context.
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Functions as a :ref:`non-finite<verb-non-finite>` verbal complement
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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When functioning as a verbal complement, the participle is governed by
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the main verb of the sentence and has potential to be translated as past
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time, present time, or future time. A verbal participle can express
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continuous, imminent, habitual, or even stative action as determined by the
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context.
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@ -48,19 +48,13 @@ Function
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.. include:: includes/participle_active-function-heb-aram.rst
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.. _participle_active-verbal:
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.. _participle_active-verbal-VC:
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Functions as a :ref:`non-finite<verb-non-finite>` verbal complement
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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When functioning as a verbal complement, the participle is governed by
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the main verb of the sentence and has potential to be translated as past
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time, present time, or future time. A verbal participle can express
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continuous, imminent, habitual, or even stative action as determined by the
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context.
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.. note:: The subject of a verbal participle usually
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precedes the participle, in contrast to the normal conventions of Hebrew
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:ref:`word order<word_order>`.
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.. _participle_active-verbal-VC:
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.. include:: participle_active-verbal-VC.rst
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.. csv-table:: Example: HOS 2:10 –– expressing stative action
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"יָעַ֥צְתָּ בֹּ֖שֶׁת לְבֵיתֶ֑ךָ קְצוֹת־עַמִּ֥ים רַבִּ֖ים **וְחוֹטֵ֥א**
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@ -90,19 +84,7 @@ context.
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I **was fasting and praying** before the God of heaven.
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.. _participle_active-verbal-MV:
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Functions as a :ref:`finite<verb-finite>` main verb
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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When functioning as a main verb, the participle is governed by the context
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and has the potential to be translated as past time, present time,
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future time, or even without a specified timeframe. A verbal participle
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can express continuous, imminent, habitual, or even stative action as
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determined by the context.
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.. note:: The subject of a verbal participle usually
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precedes the participle, in contrast to the normal conventions of
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:ref:`word order<word_order>`.
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.. include:: participle_active-verbal-MV.rst
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.. csv-table:: Example: 1SA 3:8 –– expressing frequentive action
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@ -126,13 +108,7 @@ determined by the context.
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"See, I **am about to do** something in Israel"
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.. _participle_active-adjectival:
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Functions as an :ref:`adjective<adjective>`
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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An adjectival participle immediately follows the noun it describes, and matches that noun in gender, number, and :ref:`definiteness<definiteness>`.
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An adjectival participle can either function as an adjective by itself or introduce an entire clause
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that functions as an adjective (either :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>` or :ref:`predicative<adjective-predicative>`).
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.. include:: includes/participle-adjectival.rst
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.. csv-table:: Example: DEU 4:24 –– a participle functioning by itself as an adjective
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@ -152,14 +128,7 @@ that functions as an adjective (either :ref:`attributive<adjective-attributive>`
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kind"
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.. _participle_active-nominal:
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Functions as a :ref:`noun<noun>`
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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A nominal participle often takes the :ref:`definite article<particle_definite_article>` (but not always),
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and can either function as a noun by itself or introduce an entire clause that functions as a noun.
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A nominal participle will appear in the :ref:`construct<state_construct>` state either when it takes a :ref:`pronominal suffix<suffix_pronominal>`
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or when it is in a construct relationship with another noun in the :ref:`absolute<state_absolute>` state.
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.. include:: includes/participle-nominal.rst
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.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 1:30 –– a participle functioning by itself as a noun
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