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Joel's edits (#493)
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Joel D. Ruark
Gogs
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@ -8,31 +8,30 @@ Pronoun Indefinite
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Summary
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-------
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An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that doesn’t refer to anyone or
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anything specific. Indefinite pronouns are usually translated as “who" or "whoever” (when referring to persons), or
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“what” or "whatever" (when referring to objects).
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An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that refers to a person(s) or thing(s) in general but not to any specific person or thing in
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particular. In English, they are usually translated as "whoever” (in reference to persons) or "whatever" (when referring to
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things).
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Article
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-------
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There are two indefinite articles in Hebrew: מִי (for persons), and מָה
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(for objects). They are identical in form to the :ref:`pronoun_interrogative`.
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The context will make clear which one it is.
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Biblical Hebrew contains two indefinite pronouns, the pronoun מִי (in reference to persons) and the pronoun מָה
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(in reference to things). These pronouns can also as :ref:`interrogative pronoun<pronoun_interrogative>`, especially when they
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appear at the beginning of a clause/sentence. However, this is not a universal rule; the specific use of these pronouns must
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always be determined from the context. Indefinite pronouns function in a sentence almost exactly like a
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:ref:`relative pronoun<pronoun_relative>` (see examples below).
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Form
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----
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Indefinite pronouns do not change their form based on number, gender, or
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person. Their vowels can change a little bit based on with which sound
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the next word begins.
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Indefinite pronouns do not change their form based on number, gender, or person. However, the vowels can change depending on the
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vocalization of the word immediately following the pronoun.
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Regarding a person (מִי)
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-----------------------
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Examples
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--------
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Who / Whoever
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As a subject
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Personal indefinite pronoun (מִי)
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. csv-table:: Example: JDG 7:3
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@ -48,9 +47,6 @@ As a subject
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**Who** to-Yahweh to-me.
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"**Whoever** is on Yahweh's side, come to me"
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Embedded question
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: GEN 21:26
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לֹ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי **מִ֥י** עָשָׂ֖ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה
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@ -58,9 +54,6 @@ Embedded question
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Not I-know **who** did [dir.obj]\_the-thing the-this.
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I do not know **who** has done this thing.
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When followed by the :ref:`particle_relative` אֲשֶׁר.
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: EXO 32:33
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מִ֚י אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָֽטָא־לִ֔י
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@ -75,13 +68,8 @@ When followed by the :ref:`particle_relative` אֲשֶׁר.
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**Who** the-man which begins to-fight with-sons-of Ammon?
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**Who** is the man who will begin to fight the Ammonites?
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Regarding an thing (מָה)
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------------------------
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What / Whatever
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As a subject
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Impersonal indefinite pronoun (מָה)
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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.. csv-table:: Example: 1SA 20:4
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@ -97,9 +85,6 @@ As a subject
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**What**\ \_he-shows-me and-I-will-tell to-you.
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**Whatever** he shows me I will tell you.
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When followed by the relative particle -שׁ.
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. csv-table:: Example: ECC 3:15
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מַה־שֶּֽׁהָיָה֙ כְּבָ֣ר ה֔וּא
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@ -8,14 +8,19 @@ Pronoun Interrogative
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Summary
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-------
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An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun that introduces a question.
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An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun that appears at the beginning of a clause/sentence and indicates that the clause/sentence
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is an interrogative question rather than an indicative statement.
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Article
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-------
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In Biblical Hebrew, a family of interrogative particles function as interrogative pronouns, and some scholars call them "interrogative pronouns" instead of "interrogative particles."
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Two of the most common ones (מִי and מָה) can also function as an
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:ref:`pronoun_indefinite`,
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in which case the context has to make clear which one it is. As a general rule, the particles מִי or מָה function as interrogative pronouns when they appear at the beginning of a sentence or clause, and function as indefinite pronouns when they appear in the middle of a sentence or clause. However, this is not a universal rule.
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In Biblical Hebrew, a family of :ref:`interrogative particles<particle_interrogative>` function as interrogative pronouns,
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and many scholars use the terms "interrogative pronouns" and "interrogative particles" interchangeably. The two most common
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interrogative particles are מִי (personal interrogative pronoun, referring to a person) and מָה (impersonal interrogative pronoun,
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referring to a thing). These two pronouns can also function as :ref:`indefinite pronouns<pronoun_indefinite>`, especially when
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they appear in the middle of a clause/sentence rather than at the beginning. As a general rule, the particles מִי or מָה function
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as interrogative pronouns when they appear at the beginning of a clause/sentence, and function as indefinite pronouns when they
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appear in the middle of a sentence or clause. However, this is not a universal rule; the specific use of these pronouns must
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always be determined from the context.
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