## And you were dead in your trespasses and your sins ##

This shows how sinful people are unable to obey God in the same way a dead person is unable to respond physically. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

## your trespasses and your sins ##

The words "trespasses" and "sins" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize the greatness of the people's sin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])

##  you once walked ##

This expresses the behavior of how people live. AT: "you once lived" (see [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

## according to the age of this world ##

The apostles also used “world” to refer to the selfish behaviors and corrupt values of the people living in this world. AT: “according to the values of people living in the world” or “following the principles of this present world”

## ruler of the authorities of the air ##

This is referring to the devil or Satan.

## the spirit of him who ##

The phrase "spirit of him" is also referring to the devil or Satan.

## acted according to the evil desires of our flesh, doing the will of the flesh and of the mind ##

The words "flesh" and "mind" are used as metonyms for the entire body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])