MAT 4 6 x2vg guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Υἱὸς … τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the Son of God This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
MAT 4 6 c5kr βάλε σεαυτὸν κάτω 1 throw yourself down "let yourself fall to the ground" or "jump down"
MAT 4 6 a5h2 figs-activepassive γέγραπται γὰρ 1 for it is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "for the writer wrote in the scriptures" or "for it says in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 4 6 ebc9 figs-quotations τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ ἐντελεῖται περὶ σοῦ’, καὶ 1 'He will command his angels to take care of you,' and "God will command his angels to take care of you, and" This can be translated with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "God will say to his angels, 'Take care of him,' and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 4 6 ebc9 figs-quotations τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ ἐντελεῖται περὶ σοῦ, καὶ 1 'He will command his angels to take care of you,' and "God will command his angels to take care of you, and" This can be translated with a direct quotation. Alternate translation: "God will say to his angels, 'Take care of him,' and" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 4 6 f1mm ἀροῦσίν σε 1 They will lift you up "The angels will hold you"
MAT 4 7 j6cb 0 General Information: In verse 7, Jesus rebukes Satan with another quotation from Deuteronomy.
MAT 4 7 u5jp figs-activepassive πάλιν γέγραπται 1 Again it is written It is understood that Jesus is quoting scripture again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Again, I will tell you what Moses wrote in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
MAT 4 7 c7t5 οὐκ ‘ἐκπειράσεις 1 You must not test Here "you" refers to anyone. Alternate translation: "One should not test" or "No person should test"
MAT 4 7 c7t5 οὐκ ἐκπειράσεις 1 You must not test Here "you" refers to anyone. Alternate translation: "One should not test" or "No person should test"
MAT 4 8 d12q πάλιν ... ὁ διάβολος 1 Again, the devil "Next, the devil"
MAT 4 9 bq1u εἶπεν αὐτῷ 1 He said to him "The devil said to Jesus"
MAT 4 9 al72 ταῦτά σοι πάντα δώσω 1 All these things I will give you "I will give you all these things." The tempter is emphasizing here that he will give "all these things," not just some of them.
@ -670,8 +670,8 @@ MAT 9 4 u643 ἰδὼν ... τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν 1 knew t
MAT 9 4 n4yl figs-rquestion ἵνα τί ἐνθυμεῖσθε πονηρὰ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν? 1 For what reason are you thinking evil in your hearts? Jesus used this question to rebuke the scribes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 9 4 qg52 πονηρὰ 1 evil This is moral evil or wickedness, not simply error in fact.
MAT 9 4 d499 figs-metonymy ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν 1 in your hearts Here "hearts" refers to their minds or their thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MAT 9 5 j716 figs-rquestion τί γάρ ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνται σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι’, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε καὶ περιπάτει’? 1 For which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'? Jesus uses this question to make the scribes think about what might prove whether or not he could really forgive sins. Alternate translation: "I just said 'Your sins are forgiven.' You may think that it is harder to say 'Get up and walk,' because the proof of whether or not I can heal the man will be shown by whether or not he gets up and walks." or "You may think that it is easier to say 'Your sins are forgiven' than it is to say 'Get up and walk.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 9 5 mk14 figs-quotations τί ... ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνται σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι’, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε καὶ περιπάτει’? 1 which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'? The quotes can be translated as indirect quotes. Alternate translation: "which is easier, to tell someone that his sins are forgiven, or to tell him to get up and walk?" or "you may think that it is easier to tell someone that his sins are forgiven than to tell him to get up and walk." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 9 5 j716 figs-rquestion τί γάρ ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνται σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε καὶ περιπάτει? 1 For which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'? Jesus uses this question to make the scribes think about what might prove whether or not he could really forgive sins. Alternate translation: "I just said 'Your sins are forgiven.' You may think that it is harder to say 'Get up and walk,' because the proof of whether or not I can heal the man will be shown by whether or not he gets up and walks." or "You may think that it is easier to say 'Your sins are forgiven' than it is to say 'Get up and walk.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 9 5 mk14 figs-quotations τί ... ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνται σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε καὶ περιπάτει? 1 which is easier, to say, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Get up and walk'? The quotes can be translated as indirect quotes. Alternate translation: "which is easier, to tell someone that his sins are forgiven, or to tell him to get up and walk?" or "you may think that it is easier to tell someone that his sins are forgiven than to tell him to get up and walk." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 9 5 g88p figs-you ἀφέωνται σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι 1 Your sins are forgiven Here "your" is singular. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I have forgiven your sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 9 6 gk68 figs-you ἵνα δὲ εἰδῆτε 1 But in order that you may know "I will prove to you." The "you" is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
MAT 9 6 n5sf figs-you σου τὴν κλίνην ... τὸν οἶκόν σου 1 your mat ... your house Here "you" is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
MAT 11 18 kd4q λέγουσιν 1 they say All occurrences of "they" refer to the people of that generation, and most specifically to the Pharisees and religious leaders.
MAT 11 19 iwk8 figs-123person ἦλθεν ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 The Son of Man came Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, came" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
MAT 11 19 gs6z ἦλθεν ... ἐσθίων καὶ πίνων 1 came eating and drinking This is the opposite of John's behavior. This means more than just consuming the normal amount of food and drink. It means Jesus celebrated and enjoyed good food and drink like other people did.
MAT 11 19 x4ec figs-quotations λέγουσιν, ἰδοὺ‘, ἄνθρωπος, φάγος καὶ οἰνοπότης ... ἁμαρτωλῶν! 1 they say, 'Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners!' This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "they say that he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." or "they accuse him of eating and drinking too much and of being ... sinners." If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man," you can state this as an indirect statement and use the first person. Alternate translation: "they say that I am a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
MAT 11 19 x4ec figs-quotations λέγουσιν, ἰδοὺ, ἄνθρωπος, φάγος καὶ οἰνοπότης ... ἁμαρτωλῶν! 1 they say, 'Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners!' This can be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "they say that he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." or "they accuse him of eating and drinking too much and of being ... sinners." If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man," you can state this as an indirect statement and use the first person. Alternate translation: "they say that I am a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
MAT 11 19 d6gu ἄνθρωπος, φάγος 1 he is a gluttonous man "he is a greedy eater" or "he continually eats too much food"
MAT 11 19 pv4n οἰνοπότης 1 a drunkard "a drunk" or "he continually drinks too much alcohol"
MAT 11 19 vwk4 writing-proverbs καὶ ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 But wisdom is justified by her children This is a proverb that Jesus applies to this situation, because the people who rejected both him and John were not being wise. Jesus and John the Baptist are the wise ones, and the results of their deeds prove it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
@ -1879,7 +1879,7 @@ MAT 19 3 gl85 προσῆλθον αὐτῷ 1 came to him "came to Jesus"
MAT 19 3 s8jq πειράζοντες αὐτὸν καὶ λέγοντες 1 testing him and saying Here "tested" is used in a negative sense. Alternate translation: "and challenged him by asking him" or "and wanted to trap him by asking him"
MAT 19 4 ncb6 figs-rquestion οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε, ὅτι ὁ ποιήσας ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς, ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ, ἐποίησεν αὐτοὺς? 1 Have you not read that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female? Jesus uses this question to remind the Pharisees of what the scripture says about men, women, and marriage. Alternate translation: "Surely you have read that in the beginning when God created people he made them male and female." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 19 5 n8zn 0 General Information: In verse 5, Jesus quotes from Genesis to show that a husband and wife should not divorce.
MAT 19 5 q71w figs-explicit καὶ εἶπεν, ἕνεκα τούτου ... εἰς σάρκα μίαν’? 1 He also said, 'For this reason ... one flesh.' This is part of what Jesus expected the Pharisees to have understood from the scripture. The direct quotation can be expressed as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "And surely you know that God also said that for this reason ... flesh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 19 5 q71w figs-explicit καὶ εἶπεν, ἕνεκα τούτου ... εἰς σάρκα μίαν? 1 He also said, 'For this reason ... one flesh.' This is part of what Jesus expected the Pharisees to have understood from the scripture. The direct quotation can be expressed as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "And surely you know that God also said that for this reason ... flesh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 19 5 phz3 ἕνεκα τούτου 1 For this reason This is a part of the quotation from Genesis story about Adam and Eve. In that context the reason a man will leave his father and mother is because God created a woman to be the man's companion.
MAT 19 5 af1r κολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ 1 join to his wife "stay close to his wife" or "live with his wife"
MAT 19 5 m83j figs-metaphor ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν 1 the two will become one flesh This is a metaphor that emphasizes the unity of a husband and a wife. Alternate translation: "they will become like one person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -2058,7 +2058,7 @@ MAT 21 15 fqr9 ὡσαννὰ 1 Hosanna This word means "save us" but can also
MAT 21 15 c6k8 τῷ Υἱῷ Δαυείδ 1 the Son of David Jesus was not David's literal son, so this may be translated as "descendant of king David." However, "Son of David" is also a title for the Messiah, and the children were probably calling Jesus by this title. See how you translated this in [Matthew 21:9](../21/09.md).
MAT 21 15 r3bs figs-explicit ἠγανάκτησαν 1 they became very angry It is implied that they were angry because they did not believe Jesus was the Christ and they did not want other people praising him. Alternate translation: "they became very angry because people were praising him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MAT 21 16 zx4a figs-rquestion ἀκούεις τί οὗτοι λέγουσιν? 1 Do you hear what they are saying? The chief priests and scribes ask this question to rebuke Jesus because they are angry with him. Alternate translation: "You should not allow them to say these things about you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 21 16 luy1 figs-rquestion οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ... αἶνον’? 1 But have you never read ... praise'? Jesus asks this question to remind the chief priests and scribes of what they have studied in the scriptures. Alternate translation: "Yes, I hear them, but you should remember what you read in the scriptures ... praise.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 21 16 luy1 figs-rquestion οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ... αἶνον? 1 But have you never read ... praise'? Jesus asks this question to remind the chief priests and scribes of what they have studied in the scriptures. Alternate translation: "Yes, I hear them, but you should remember what you read in the scriptures ... praise.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 21 16 qa9u figs-metonymy ἐκ στόματος νηπίων καὶ θηλαζόντων, κατηρτίσω αἶνον 1 Out of the mouths of little children and nursing infants you have prepared praise The phrase "out of the mouths" refers to speaking. Alternate translation: "You caused little children and nursing infants to prepare to give praise to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MAT 21 17 kag5 καταλιπὼν αὐτοὺς 1 Then he left them "Jesus left the chief priests and scribes"
MAT 21 18 l3bi 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus uses a fig tree to teach his disciples about faith and prayer.
MAT 21 23 s1w6 ταῦτα 1 these things This refers to Jesus teaching and healing in the temple. It probably also refers to Jesus driving out the buyers and sellers the previous day.
MAT 21 25 dau4 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to respond to the religious leaders.
MAT 21 25 k1a7 πόθεν ἦν? 1 from where did it come? "where did he get the authority to do that?"
MAT 21 25 vvt5 figs-quotesinquotes ἐὰν εἴπωμεν, ἐξ οὐρανοῦ’, ἐρεῖ ἡμῖν, διὰ τί οὖν οὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε αὐτῷ? 1 If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say to us, 'Why then did you not believe him? This has quotes within a quote. You could translate the direct quotations as an indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "If we say that we believe John received his authority from heaven, then Jesus will ask us why we did not believe John." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 21 25 vvt5 figs-quotesinquotes ἐὰν εἴπωμεν, ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐρεῖ ἡμῖν, διὰ τί οὖν οὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε αὐτῷ? 1 If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say to us, 'Why then did you not believe him? This has quotes within a quote. You could translate the direct quotations as an indirect quotations. Alternate translation: "If we say that we believe John received his authority from heaven, then Jesus will ask us why we did not believe John." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 21 25 xx3b figs-metonymy ἐξ οὐρανοῦ 1 From heaven Here "heaven" refers to God. Alternate translation: "from God in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MAT 21 25 jmg7 figs-rquestion διὰ τί οὖν οὐκ ἐπιστεύσατε αὐτῷ? 1 Why then did you not believe him? The religious leaders know that Jesus could scold them with this rhetorical question. Alternate translation: "Then you should have believed John the Baptist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 21 26 zxn4 figs-quotesinquotes ἐὰν δὲ εἴπωμεν, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων’, 1 But if we say, 'From men,' This is a quote within a quote. You could translate the direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "But if we say that we believe John received his authority from men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 21 26 zxn4 figs-quotesinquotes ἐὰν δὲ εἴπωμεν, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, 1 But if we say, 'From men,' This is a quote within a quote. You could translate the direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "But if we say that we believe John received his authority from men" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 21 26 vn6j φοβούμεθα τὸν ὄχλον 1 we fear the crowd "we fear what the crowd would think or even do to us"
MAT 21 26 q1r1 πάντες ... ὡς προφήτην ἔχουσιν τὸν Ἰωάννην 1 they all regard John as a prophet "they believe John is a prophet"
MAT 21 28 u56n figs-parables 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus tells a parable about two sons to rebuke the religious leaders and to illustrate their unbelief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
@ -2106,7 +2106,7 @@ MAT 21 41 ss2m λέγουσιν αὐτῷ 1 They said to him Matthew does not
MAT 21 42 z9tm 0 General Information: Jesus quotes the prophet Isaiah to show that God will honor the one whom the religious leaders reject.
MAT 21 42 x8zh 0 Connecting Statement: Here Jesus begins to explain the parable of the rebellious servants.
MAT 21 42 kk7e λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς 1 Jesus said to them It is unclear to whom Jesus asks the following question. If you need to make "them" specific, use the same audience as you did in [Matthew 21:41](../21/41.md).
MAT 21 42 me7g figs-rquestion οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ... ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν’? 1 Did you never read ... our eyes'? Jesus uses a question to make his audience think deeply about what this scripture means. Alternate translation: "Think about what you have read ... eyes.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 21 42 me7g figs-rquestion οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ... ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν? 1 Did you never read ... our eyes'? Jesus uses a question to make his audience think deeply about what this scripture means. Alternate translation: "Think about what you have read ... eyes.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 21 42 mcm8 figs-metaphor λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 The stone which the builders rejected has been made the cornerstone Jesus is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, will reject Jesus, but God will make him the most important in his kingdom, like the cornerstone in a building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
MAT 21 42 uid2 figs-activepassive ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 has become the cornerstone This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "has become the cornerstone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 21 42 b1sr παρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη 1 This was from the Lord "The Lord has caused this great change"
@ -2178,7 +2178,7 @@ MAT 22 31 nx66 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins asking a question to show
MAT 22 31 b9sy figs-rquestion οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ... τοῦ Θεοῦ λέγοντος 1 have you not read ... God, saying, Jesus scolds the Sadducees by asking a question. He is not looking for an answer. Alternate translation: "I know you have read ... God. You know that he said," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 22 31 ljj7 figs-activepassive τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑμῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 what was spoken to you by God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God spoke to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 22 32 zb7a 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes asking the question he began in verse 31.
MAT 22 32 qcq3 figs-quotations ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ Θεὸς ... Ἰακώβ’? 1 'I am the God ... Jacob'? This is the end of the question that begins with the words "have you not read" in verse 31. Jesus asks this question to remind the religious leaders of what they know from scripture. "I know you have read it, but you do not seem to understand what ... Jacob.'" You can translate this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. "God, who said to Moses that he is the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 22 32 qcq3 figs-quotations ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ Θεὸς ... Ἰακώβ? 1 'I am the God ... Jacob'? This is the end of the question that begins with the words "have you not read" in verse 31. Jesus asks this question to remind the religious leaders of what they know from scripture. "I know you have read it, but you do not seem to understand what ... Jacob.'" You can translate this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. "God, who said to Moses that he is the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 22 32 t7lv figs-nominaladj νεκρῶν, ἀλλὰ ζώντων 1 of the dead, but of the living These nominal adjectives can be stated as adjectives. Alternate translation: "of dead people, but he is the God of living people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
MAT 22 34 jnd7 0 Connecting Statement: A Pharisee who was an expert in the law tries to trap Jesus by asking him a difficult question about the greatest commandment.
MAT 22 35 ud5r νομικὸς 1 a lawyer "an expert in the law." This is a Pharisee who had special skill in understanding the law of Moses.
@ -2201,8 +2201,8 @@ MAT 22 44 dz2a translate-symaction κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου 1 Sit a
MAT 22 44 e59n figs-idiom ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου 1 until I put your enemies under your footstool This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "until I conquer your enemies" or "until I make your enemies bow down before you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
MAT 22 45 l962 0 General Information: This is the end of the part of the story that began in [Matthew 19:1](../19/01.md), that tells of Jesus ministering in Judea.
MAT 22 45 e2wd 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of the account of the religious leaders trying to trap Jesus with several difficult questions.
MAT 22 45 d8gl figs-rquestion εἰ οὖν Δαυεὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν, Κύριον‘’, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν? 1 If David then calls the Christ 'Lord,' how is he David's son? Jesus uses a question to make the religious leaders think deeply about what he is saying. Alternate translation: "David calls him 'Lord,' so the Christ has to be more than just a descendant of David." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 22 45 x9uh εἰ οὖν Δαυεὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν, Κύριον‘’, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν? 1 If David then calls the Christ David referred to Jesus as "Lord" because Jesus was not only a descendant of David, but he was also superior to him.
MAT 22 45 d8gl figs-rquestion εἰ οὖν Δαυεὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν, Κύριον, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν? 1 If David then calls the Christ 'Lord,' how is he David's son? Jesus uses a question to make the religious leaders think deeply about what he is saying. Alternate translation: "David calls him 'Lord,' so the Christ has to be more than just a descendant of David." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MAT 22 45 x9uh εἰ οὖν Δαυεὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν, Κύριον, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν? 1 If David then calls the Christ David referred to Jesus as "Lord" because Jesus was not only a descendant of David, but he was also superior to him.
MAT 22 46 n3hw figs-metonymy ἀποκριθῆναι αὐτῷ λόγον 1 to answer him a word Here "word" refers to what people say. Alternate translation: "to answer him anything" or "to answer him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MAT 22 46 c1f2 figs-explicit ἐπερωτῆσαι αὐτὸν οὐκέτι 1 to question him any longer It is implied that no one asked him the kind of questions that were intended to make him say something wrong so the religious leaders could arrest him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MAT 23 intro m99i 0 # Matthew 23 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Hypocrites<br><br>Jesus calls the Pharisees hypocrites many times ([Matthew 23:13](../../mat/23/13.md)) and carefully tells what he means by doing that. The Pharisees made rules that no one could actually obey, and then they persuaded the ordinary people that they were guilty because they could not obey the rules. Also, the Pharisees obeyed their own rules instead of obeying God's original commands in the law of Moses.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Name calling<br><br>In most cultures, it is wrong to insult people. The Pharisees took many of the words in this chapter as insults. Jesus called them "hypocrites," "blind guides," "fools," and "serpents" ([Matthew 23:16-17](./16.md)). Jesus uses these words say that God would surely punish them because they were doing wrong.<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. Jesus uses a paradox when he says, "He who is greatest among you will be your servant" ([Matthew 23:11-12](./11.md)).<br>
MAT 23 8 uk5v figs-activepassive ὑμεῖς δὲ μὴ κληθῆτε 1 But you must not be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "But you must not let anyone call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 23 8 ru2b figs-you ὑμεῖς 1 you All occurrences of "you" are plural and refer to all of Jesus' followers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
MAT 23 8 s5du ὑμεῖς ἀδελφοί ἐστε 1 you are brothers Here "brothers" means "fellow believers."
MAT 23 9 l33f figs-hyperbole Πατέρα‘’ μὴ καλέσητε ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς 1 do not call any of you on the earth 'father,' Jesus is using hyperbole to tell his hearers that they must not allow even the most important people to be more important to them than God is. Alternate translation: "do not call any man on earth your father" or "do not say that any man on earth is your father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
MAT 23 9 l33f figs-hyperbole Πατέρα μὴ καλέσητε ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς 1 do not call any of you on the earth 'father,' Jesus is using hyperbole to tell his hearers that they must not allow even the most important people to be more important to them than God is. Alternate translation: "do not call any man on earth your father" or "do not say that any man on earth is your father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
MAT 23 9 any8 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples εἷς γάρ ἐστιν ὑμῶν ὁ Πατὴρ 1 For you have only one Father "Father" here is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
MAT 23 10 b8ua figs-activepassive μηδὲ κληθῆτε 1 Do not be called This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Also, do not let anyone call you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 23 10 lp5f figs-123person ὅτι καθηγητὴς ὑμῶν ἐστιν εἷς, ὁ Χριστός 1 for your one teacher is the Christ When Jesus said "the Christ," he was speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: "I, the Christ, am your only teacher" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
@ -2323,7 +2323,7 @@ MAT 24 13 ht34 εἰς τέλος 1 to the end It is not clear whether the word
MAT 24 13 lra5 τέλος 1 the end "the end of the world" or "the end of the age"
MAT 24 14 x3e6 figs-metonymy κηρυχθήσεται τοῦτο τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς βασιλείας 1 This good news of the kingdom will be preached Here "kingdom" refers to God's rule as king. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People will tell the good news that God will rule" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 24 14 y65s figs-metonymy πᾶσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν 1 all the nations Here, "nations" stands for people. Alternate translation: "all people in all places" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MAT 24 15 mf1b figs-activepassive τὸ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως’, τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Δανιὴλ τοῦ προφήτου 1 the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of by Daniel the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the shameful one who defiles the things of God, about whom Daniel the prophet wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 24 15 mf1b figs-activepassive τὸ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως, τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Δανιὴλ τοῦ προφήτου 1 the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of by Daniel the prophet This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the shameful one who defiles the things of God, about whom Daniel the prophet wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 24 15 lz9p ὁ ἀναγινώσκων νοείτω 1 let the reader understand This is not Jesus speaking. Matthew added this to alert the reader that Jesus was using words that they would need to think about and interpret.
MAT 24 17 iv2j ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δώματος 1 let him who is on the housetop Housetops where Jesus lived were flat, and people could stand on them.
MAT 24 19 kq12 figs-euphemism ταῖς ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσαις 1 those who are with child This is a polite way to say "pregnant women." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
MAT 24 23 avv5 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to his disciples.
MAT 24 23 avm2 μὴ πιστεύσητε 1 do not believe it "do not believe the false things they have said to you"
MAT 24 24 n744 ὥστε πλανῆσαι εἰ δυνατὸν καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς 1 so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect Here "lead astray" is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. This can be translated as two sentences. Alternate translation: "so as to deceive, if possible, even the elect" or "so as to deceive people. If possible, they would even deceive the elect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
MAT 24 26 fmx1 figs-quotations ἐὰν ... εἴπωσιν ὑμῖν, ἰδοὺ‘, ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐστίν’, μὴ 1 if they say to you, 'Look, he is in the wilderness,' do not This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "if someone tells you that the Christ is in the wilderness, do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 24 26 zxg2 figs-quotations ἰδοὺ‘, ἐν τοῖς ταμείοις 1 Or, 'See, he is in the inner rooms,' This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Or, if someone tells you that the Christ is in the inner room," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 24 26 fmx1 figs-quotations ἐὰν ... εἴπωσιν ὑμῖν, ἰδοὺ, ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἐστίν, μὴ 1 if they say to you, 'Look, he is in the wilderness,' do not This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "if someone tells you that the Christ is in the wilderness, do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 24 26 zxg2 figs-quotations ἰδοὺ, ἐν τοῖς ταμείοις 1 Or, 'See, he is in the inner rooms,' This can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Or, if someone tells you that the Christ is in the inner room," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
MAT 24 26 n2pt ἐν τοῖς ταμείοις 1 in the inner rooms "in a secret room" or "in secret places"
MAT 24 27 j1w1 figs-simile ὥσπερ ... ἡ ἀστραπὴ ἐξέρχεται ... οὕτως ἔσται ἡ παρουσία 1 as the lightning shines out ... so will be the coming This means that the Son of Man will come very quickly and will be easy to see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
MAT 24 27 za8b figs-123person τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
@ -2412,7 +2412,7 @@ MAT 25 10 jej8 figs-ellipsis ἀγοράσαι 1 to buy The understood informati
MAT 25 10 t229 αἱ ἕτοιμοι 1 those who were ready These are the virgins who had extra oil.
MAT 25 10 g29i figs-activepassive ἐκλείσθη ἡ θύρα 1 the door was shut This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the servants shut the door" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MAT 25 11 e5pz figs-explicit ἄνοιξον ἡμῖν 1 open for us This implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "open the door for us so we can come inside" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MAT 25 12 z5u1 ἀμὴν‘, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what the master says next.
MAT 25 12 z5u1 ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This adds emphasis to what the master says next.
MAT 25 12 h4a8 οὐκ οἶδα ὑμᾶς 1 I do not know you "I do not know who you are." This is the end of the parable.
MAT 25 13 hn7w figs-metonymy οὐκ οἴδατε τὴν ἡμέραν, οὐδὲ τὴν ὥραν 1 you do not know the day or the hour Here "day" and "hour" refer to an exact time. The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "you do not know the exact time when the Son of Man will return" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MAT 25 14 cn21 figs-parables 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus tells a parable about faithful and unfaithful servants to illustrate that his disciples should remain faithful during his absence and be prepared for his return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
@ -2472,7 +2472,7 @@ MAT 25 37 cs5d figs-ellipsis ἢ διψῶντα 1 Or thirsty The understood inf
MAT 25 38 h52x figs-ellipsis ἢ γυμνὸν 1 Or naked This is the end of a series of questions that begins in verse 37. The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "Or when did we see you naked" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
MAT 25 40 m6mi figs-123person ὁ Βασιλεὺς 1 the King This is another title for the Son of Man. Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
MAT 25 40 i2aq ἐρεῖ αὐτοῖς 1 say to them "say to those at his right hand"
MAT 25 40 mhe2 ἀμὴν‘, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This emphasizes what the King says next.
MAT 25 40 mhe2 ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Truly I say to you "I tell you the truth." This emphasizes what the King says next.
MAT 25 40 acs3 ἑνὶ ... τῶν ἐλαχίστων 1 one of the least "one of the least important"
MAT 25 40 nh4y figs-gendernotations τούτων τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου 1 these brothers of mine Here "brothers" refers to anyone, male or female, who obeys the King. Alternate translation: "my brothers and sisters here" or "these who are like my brothers and sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
MAT 25 40 k4hb ἐμοὶ ἐποιήσατε 1 you did it for me "I consider that you did it for me"
@ -2637,7 +2637,7 @@ MAT 26 64 gi6v figs-idiom σὺ εἶπας 1 You have said it yourself This is
MAT 26 64 zu47 figs-you πλὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἀπ’ ἄρτι ὄψεσθε 1 But I tell you, from now on you will see Here "you" is plural. Jesus is speaking to the high priest and to the other persons there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
MAT 26 64 ll8r ἀπ’ ἄρτι ὄψεσθε τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 from now on you will see the Son of Man Possible meanings are 1) the phrase "from now on" is an idiom that means they will see the Son of Man in his power at some time in the future or 2) the phrase "from now on" means that from the time of Jesus' trial and onward, Jesus is showing himself to be the Messiah who is powerful and victorious.
MAT 26 64 b6cb figs-123person τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself in third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
MAT 26 64 p5px figs-metonymy καθήμενον ἐκ δεξιῶν’ τῆς δυνάμεως 1 sitting at the right hand of the Power Here "Power" is metonym that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "sitting in the place of honor beside the all-powerful God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
MAT 26 64 p5px figs-metonymy καθήμενον ἐκ δεξιῶν τῆς δυνάμεως 1 sitting at the right hand of the Power Here "Power" is metonym that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "sitting in the place of honor beside the all-powerful God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
MAT 26 64 urp9 ἐρχόμενον ἐπὶ τῶν νεφελῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 coming on the clouds of heaven "riding to earth on the clouds of heaven"
MAT 26 65 srg6 translate-symaction ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς διέρρηξεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ 1 the high priest tore his clothes Tearing clothing was a sign of anger and sadness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
MAT 26 65 qq51 figs-explicit ἐβλασφήμησεν 1 He has spoken blasphemy The reason the high priest called Jesus' statement blasphemy is probably that he understood Jesus' words in [Matthew 26:64](../26/64.md) as a claim to be equal with God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MRK 7 10 d4sd ὁ κακολογῶν πατέρα 1 He who speaks evil "who curses"
MRK 7 10 ayl3 θανάτῳ τελευτάτω 1 will surely die "must be put to death"
MRK 7 10 dv6e figs-activepassive ὁ κακολογῶν πατέρα ἢ μητέρα θανάτῳ τελευτάτω 1 He who speaks evil of his father or mother will surely die This may be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The authorities must execute a person who speaks evil about his father or mother" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MRK 7 11 q76i κορβᾶν’, ( ὅ ἐστιν δῶρον), ὃ ἐὰν ἐξ ἐμοῦ ὠφεληθῇς 1 Whatever help you would have received from me is Corban The tradition of the scribes said that once money or other things were promised to the temple, they could not be used for any other purpose.
MRK 7 11 q76i κορβᾶν, ( ὅ ἐστιν δῶρον), ὃ ἐὰν ἐξ ἐμοῦ ὠφεληθῇς 1 Whatever help you would have received from me is Corban The tradition of the scribes said that once money or other things were promised to the temple, they could not be used for any other purpose.
MRK 7 11 cd57 translate-transliterate κορβᾶν 1 is Corban "Corban" here is a Hebrew word that refers to things that people promise to give to God. Translators normally transliterate it using the target language alphabet. Some translators translate its meaning, and then leave out Mark's explanation of the meaning that follows. Alternate translation: "is a gift to God" or "belongs to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate]])
MRK 7 11 ev2r figs-activepassive δῶρον 1 Given to God This phrase explains the meaning of the Hebrew word "Corban." It can be stated in active form. Mark explained the meaning so that his non-Jewish readers could understand what Jesus said. Alternate translation: "I have given it to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MRK 7 12 g18b translate-versebridge 0 General Information: In verses 11 and 12, Jesus shows how the Pharisees teach people that they do not have to obey God's commandment to honor their parents. In verse 11 Jesus tells what the Pharisees allow people to say about their possessions, and in verse 12 he tells how that shows the Pharisees' attitude toward people helping their parents. This information can be reordered to first tell about the Pharisees' attitude toward people helping their parents and then tell how that attitude is shown in what the Pharisees allow people to say about their possessions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ MRK 8 16 zfw3 figs-hyperbole ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχουσιν 1 we do not h
MRK 8 17 hnh6 figs-rquestion τί διαλογίζεσθε ὅτι ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε? 1 Why are you reasoning about not having bread? Here Jesus is mildly rebuking his disciples because they should have understood what he had been talking about. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "You should not be thinking that I am talking about actual bread." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MRK 8 17 dmt2 figs-parallelism οὔπω νοεῖτε, οὐδὲ συνίετε? 1 Do you not yet perceive, nor understand? These questions have the same meaning and are used together to emphasize that they do not understand. This can be written as one question or as a statement. Alternate translation: "Do you not yet understand?" or "You should perceive and understand by now the things I say and do." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MRK 8 17 fn31 figs-metonymy πεπωρωμένην ἔχετε τὴν καρδίαν ὑμῶν? 1 Have your hearts become hardened? Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind. The phrase "hearts become so dull" is a metaphor for not being able or willing to understand something. Jesus uses a question to scold the disciples. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "Your thinking has become so dull!" or "You are so slow to understand what I mean!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MRK 8 18 u1gh figs-rquestion ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες, οὐ βλέπετε? καὶ ὦτα ἔχοντες, οὐκ ἀκούετε?’ καὶ οὐ μνημονεύετε? 1 You have eyes, do you not see? You have ears, do you not hear? Do you not remember? Jesus continues to mildly rebuke his disciples. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "You have eyes, but you do not understand what you see. You have ears, but you do not understand what you hear. You should remember." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MRK 8 18 u1gh figs-rquestion ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες, οὐ βλέπετε? καὶ ὦτα ἔχοντες, οὐκ ἀκούετε? καὶ οὐ μνημονεύετε? 1 You have eyes, do you not see? You have ears, do you not hear? Do you not remember? Jesus continues to mildly rebuke his disciples. These questions can be written as statements. Alternate translation: "You have eyes, but you do not understand what you see. You have ears, but you do not understand what you hear. You should remember." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MRK 8 19 e37p figs-metonymy τοὺς πεντακισχιλίους 1 the five thousand This refers to the 5,000 people Jesus fed. Alternate translation: "the 5,000 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
MRK 8 19 e4zq figs-explicit πόσους κοφίνους κλασμάτων πλήρεις ἤρατε? 1 how many baskets full of broken pieces of bread did you take up It may be helpful to state when they collected the baskets of pieces. Alternate translation: "how many baskets full of broken pieces of bread did you collect after everyone finished eating" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MRK 8 20 b5bm figs-metonymy τοὺς τετρακισχιλίους 1 the four thousand This refers to the 4,000 people Jesus fed. Alternate translation: "the 4,000 people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
MRK 11 15 s4m2 τοὺς πωλοῦντας καὶ τοὺς ἀγοράζοντας 1 those who were selling and those who were buying "the people who were buying and selling"
MRK 11 17 ve56 0 General Information: God had said earlier in his word, through the prophet Isaiah, that his temple would be a house of prayer for all the nations.
MRK 11 17 xrz2 figs-rquestion οὐ γέγραπται, ὅτι ὁ οἶκός μου, οἶκος προσευχῆς κληθήσεται πᾶσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν? 1 Is it not written, 'My house will be called ... the nations'? Jesus is rebuking the Jewish leaders for their misuse of the temple. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "It is written in the scriptures that God said, 'I want my house to be called a house where people from all nations may pray.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
MRK 11 17 dpt1 figs-metaphor ὑμεῖς δὲ ἐποιήσατε αὐτὸν σπήλαιον λῃστῶν’ 1 But you have made it a den of robbers Jesus compares the people to robbers and the temple to a robbers' den. Alternate translation: "But you are like robbers who have made my house into a robbers' den" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
MRK 11 17 qc6k σπήλαιον λῃστῶν’ 1 a den of robbers "a cave where robbers hide"
MRK 11 17 dpt1 figs-metaphor ὑμεῖς δὲ ἐποιήσατε αὐτὸν σπήλαιον λῃστῶν 1 But you have made it a den of robbers Jesus compares the people to robbers and the temple to a robbers' den. Alternate translation: "But you are like robbers who have made my house into a robbers' den" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
MRK 11 17 qc6k σπήλαιον λῃστῶν 1 a den of robbers "a cave where robbers hide"
MRK 11 18 k6dv ἐζήτουν πῶς 1 they looked for a way "they were seeking a way"
MRK 11 19 h4hg ὅταν ὀψὲ ἐγένετο 1 When evening came "In the evening"
MRK 11 19 y7la ἐξεπορεύοντο ἔξω τῆς πόλεως 1 they departed from the city "Jesus and his disciples left the city"
@ -1056,7 +1056,7 @@ MRK 12 31 pyc1 τούτων 1 than these Here the word "these" refers to the tw
MRK 12 32 awe3 figs-idiom εἷς ἐστιν 1 God is one This means that there is only one God. Alternate translation: "there is only one God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
MRK 12 32 as2j figs-ellipsis οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλος 1 that there is no other The word "God" is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: "that there is no other God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
MRK 12 33 xnq9 figs-metonymy ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας ... ἐξ ὅλης τῆς συνέσεως ... ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος’ 1 with all the heart ... all the understanding ... all the strength Here "heart" is a metonym for person's thoughts, feelings, or inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MRK 12 33 xnq9 figs-metonymy ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας ... ἐξ ὅλης τῆς συνέσεως ... ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ἰσχύος 1 with all the heart ... all the understanding ... all the strength Here "heart" is a metonym for person's thoughts, feelings, or inner being. These three phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
MRK 12 33 tw15 figs-simile τὸ ἀγαπᾶν τὸν πλησίον ὡς ἑαυτὸν 1 to love one's neighbor as oneself This simile compares how people are to love each other with the same love that they love themselves. Alternate translation: "to love your neighbor as much as you love yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
MRK 12 33 ll9t figs-idiom περισσότερόν ἐστιν 1 is even more than This idiom means that something is more important than something else. In this case, these two commandments are more pleasing to God that burnt offering and sacrifices. This may be written clearly. Alternate translation: "is even more important than" or "is even more pleasing to God than" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
MRK 12 34 b144 figs-litotes οὐ μακρὰν εἶ ἀπὸ τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 You are not far from the kingdom of God This can be stated in positive form. Here Jesus speaks of the man being ready to submit to God as king as being physically close to the kingdom of God, as if it where a physical place. Alternate translation: "You are close to submitting to God as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ MRK 13 23 jq8p ὑμεῖς δὲ βλέπετε 1 You must watch out "Be watch
MRK 13 23 va6h figs-explicit προείρηκα ὑμῖν πάντα 1 I have told you ev Jesus told them these things to warn them. Alternate translation: "I have told you all these things ahead of time to warn you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MRK 13 24 zy2f figs-activepassive ὁ ἥλιος σκοτισθήσεται 1 the sun will be darkened This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sun will become dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MRK 13 24 a3qv figs-personification ἡ σελήνη οὐ δώσει τὸ φέγγος αὐτῆς 1 the moon will not give its light Here the moon is spoken of as if it were alive and able to give something to someone else. Alternate translation: "the moon will not shine" or "the moon will be dark" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
MRK 13 25 z1sh figs-explicit οἱ ἀστέρες ἔσονται ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πίπτοντες’ 1 the stars will be falling from the sky This does not mean that they will fall to earth but that they will fall from where the are now. Alternate translation: "the stars will fall from their places in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MRK 13 25 z1sh figs-explicit οἱ ἀστέρες ἔσονται ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πίπτοντες 1 the stars will be falling from the sky This does not mean that they will fall to earth but that they will fall from where the are now. Alternate translation: "the stars will fall from their places in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MRK 13 25 au6l figs-activepassive αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς σαλευθήσονται 1 the powers that are in the heavens will be shaken This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the powers in the heavens will shake" or "God will shake the powers that are in the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
MRK 13 25 hge7 αἱ δυνάμεις αἱ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 the powers that are in the heavens "the powerful things in the heavens." Possible meanings are 1) this refers to the sun, moon, and stars or 2) this refers to powerful spiritual beings
MRK 13 25 h5k1 ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς 1 in the heavens "in the sky"
MRK 14 60 af5e figs-explicit οὐκ ἀποκρίνῃ οὐδέν? τί οὗτοί σου καταμαρτυροῦσιν? 1 Do you not answer? What is it they testify against you? The chief priest is not asking Jesus for information about what the witnesses said. He is asking Jesus to prove what the witnesses said is wrong. Alternate translation: "Are you not going to reply? What do you say in response to the testimony these men are speaking against you?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
MRK 14 61 x6ey figs-nominaladj ὁ ... Υἱὸς τοῦ Εὐλογητοῦ 1 the Son of the Blessed One Here God is called "the Blessed." It is best to translate "Son" with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a "son" of a human father. Alternate translation: "the Son of the Blessed One" or "the Son of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
MRK 14 62 z5rv ἐγώ εἰμι 1 I am This likely has a double meaning: 1) to respond to the high priest's question and 2) to call himself "I Am," which is what God called himself in the Old Testament.
MRK 14 62 e1xd figs-metonymy ἐκ δεξιῶν καθήμενον’ τῆς δυνάμεως 1 he sits at the right hand of power Here "power" is a metonnymm that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "he sits in the place of honor beside the all-powerful God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
MRK 14 62 e1xd figs-metonymy ἐκ δεξιῶν καθήμενον τῆς δυνάμεως 1 he sits at the right hand of power Here "power" is a metonnymm that represents God. To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "he sits in the place of honor beside the all-powerful God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
MRK 14 62 z55c figs-metaphor ἐρχόμενον μετὰ τῶν νεφελῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 comes with the clouds of heaven Here the clouds are described as accompanying Jesus when he returns. Alternate translation: "when he comes down through the clouds in the sky" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
MRK 14 63 jz48 διαρρήξας τοὺς χιτῶνας αὐτοῦ 1 tore his garments The high priest tore his clothes purposefully to show his outrage and horror at what Jesus has said. Alternate translation: "tore his garments in outrage"
MRK 14 63 afd3 figs-rquestion τί ἔτι χρείαν ἔχομεν μαρτύρων? 1 What need do we still have for witnesses? This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: "We certainly do not need any more people who will testify against this man!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ LUK 1 48 jz61 ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν 1 from now on "now and in the future"
LUK 1 48 l37l πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί 1 all generations "the people in all generations"
LUK 1 49 xng2 ὁ δυνατός 1 the Mighty One "God, the Powerful One"
LUK 1 49 ze9y figs-metonymy τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ 1 his name Here "name" refers to the entire person of God. Alternate translation: "he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 1 50 ijs2 εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γενεὰς 1 is from generation to generation "from one generation to the next generation" or "throughout every generation" or "to people in every time period"
LUK 1 51 pb8u figs-metonymy ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ 1 He has done mighty deeds with his arm Here "his arm" is a metonym that stands for God's power. Alternate translation: "shown that he is very powerful" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 1 51 s51c διεσκόρπισεν ... καρδίας αὐτῶν 1 has scattered ... their hearts "has caused those ... hearts to run away in different directions"
LUK 1 52 ty2j figs-synecdoche καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων 1 He has thrown down rulers from their thrones A throne is a chair that a ruler sits on, and it is a symbol of his authority. If a prince is brought down from his throne, it means he no longer has the authority to reign. Alternate translation: "He has taken away the authority of princes" or "He has made rulers stop ruling" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK 1 52 ee3q figs-metaphor ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς 1 he has raised up those of low condition In this word picture, people who are important are higher than people who are less important. Alternate translation: "has made humble people important" or "has given honor to people whom others have not honored" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 1 52 yuu2 ταπεινούς 1 those of low condition "in poverty." See how you translated this in [Luke 1:48](../01/48.md).
LUK 1 53 z2he πεινῶντας‘ ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν 1 He has filled the hungry ... the rich he has sent away empty The contrast between these two opposite actions should be made clear in the translation if possible.
LUK 1 53 l2t3 πεινῶντας‘ ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν ... πλουτοῦντας ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς 1 filled the hungry with good things Possible meanings are 1) "given the hungry good food to eat" or 2) "given the needy good things."
LUK 1 53 z2he πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν 1 He has filled the hungry ... the rich he has sent away empty The contrast between these two opposite actions should be made clear in the translation if possible.
LUK 1 53 l2t3 πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν ... πλουτοῦντας ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς 1 filled the hungry with good things Possible meanings are 1) "given the hungry good food to eat" or 2) "given the needy good things."
LUK 1 54 d8g6 translate-versebridge 0 General Information: The UST rearranges these verses into a verse bridge in order to keep the information about Israel together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
LUK 1 54 xp39 ἀντελάβετο 1 He has helped "The Lord has helped"
LUK 1 54 g5u1 Ἰσραὴλ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ 1 Israel his servant If readers confuse this with the man named Israel, it could be translated as "his servant, the nation of Israel" or "Israel, his servants."
LUK 1 69 fb9f figs-metonymy ἐν οἴκῳ Δαυεὶδ, παιδὸς αὐτοῦ 1 in the house of his servant David David's "house" here represents his family, specifically, his descendants. Alternate translation: "in the family of his servant David" or "who is a descendant of his servant David" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 1 70 w7sf καθὼς ἐλάλησεν 1 as he spoke "just as God said"
LUK 1 70 x1q1 figs-metonymy ἐλάλησεν διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων ἀπ’ αἰῶνος προφητῶν αὐτοῦ 1 he spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets from long ago God speaking by the prophets' mouths represents God causing his prophets to say what he wanted them to say. Alternate translation: "he caused his holy prophets who lived long ago to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 1 71 d13g figs-abstractnouns σωτηρίαν ἐξ‘ ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν 1 salvation from our enemies The abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verbs "save" or "rescue." Alternate translation: "from long ago). He will save us from our enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK 1 71 d13g figs-abstractnouns σωτηρίαν ἐξ ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν 1 salvation from our enemies The abstract noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verbs "save" or "rescue." Alternate translation: "from long ago). He will save us from our enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK 1 71 aye3 figs-parallelism ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν ... πάντων τῶν μισούντων ἡμᾶς 1 our enemies ... of all those who hate us These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how strongly their enemies are against them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK 1 71 c6n9 figs-metonymy χειρὸς 1 hand The hand is a metonym for the power that the person uses the hand to exercise. Alternate translation: "power" or "control" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 1 72 w97a ἔλεος μετὰ 1 to show mercy to "to be merciful to" or "to act according to his mercy toward"
@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ LUK 1 75 tn5i figs-idiom ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ 1 before him This is an id
LUK 1 76 f6r1 καὶ σὺ δέ 1 And indeed, you Zechariah uses this phrase to begin his direct address to his son. You may have a similar way to direct speech in your language.
LUK 1 76 h2vh figs-activepassive σὺ ... παιδίον, προφήτης ... κληθήσῃ 1 you, child, will be called a prophet People will realize that he is a prophet. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people will know that you are a prophet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 1 76 bb3g figs-euphemism Ὑψίστου 1 of the Most High These words are a euphemism for God. Alternate translation: "who serves the Most High" or "who speaks for God Most High" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
LUK 1 76 i1z5 προπορεύσῃ‘ ... ἐνώπιον Κυρίου 1 you will go before the Lord Before the Lord comes, he will go and announce to the people that the Lord will come to them. See how you translated this in [Luke 1:17](../01/17.md).
LUK 1 76 i1z5 προπορεύσῃ ... ἐνώπιον Κυρίου 1 you will go before the Lord Before the Lord comes, he will go and announce to the people that the Lord will come to them. See how you translated this in [Luke 1:17](../01/17.md).
LUK 1 76 de7t figs-idiom ἐνώπιον Κυρίου 1 before the Lord "the face of" someone can be an idiom that refers to the that person's presence. It is sometimes omitted in translation. Alternate translation: "the Lord" See how you translated this in [Luke 1:17](../01/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK 1 76 z5fg figs-metaphor ἑτοιμάσαι ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ 1 to prepare his paths This is a metaphor that means that John will prepare the people to listen to and believe the Lord's message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 1 77 t6d3 figs-metonymy τοῦ δοῦναι γνῶσιν σωτηρίας ... ἐν ἀφέσει ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν 1 to give knowledge of salvation ... by the forgiveness of their sins The phrase "give knowledge" is a metaphor for teaching. The abstract nouns "salvation" and "forgiveness" can be expressed with the verbs "save" and "forgive." Alternate translation: "to teach his people salvation through the forgiveness of their sins" or "to teach his people how God saves people by forgiving their sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ LUK 2 30 b7i6 figs-synecdoche εἶδον οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου 1 my ey
LUK 2 30 ekw3 figs-metonymy τὸ σωτήριόν σου 1 your salvation This expression refers to the person who would bring salvation—the infant Jesus—whom Simeon was holding. Alternate translation: "the savior whom you sent" or "the one whom you sent to save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 2 31 zv1j ὃ ἡτοίμασας 1 which you have prepared Depending on how you translate the previous phrase, this may need to be changed to "whom you."
LUK 2 31 qa1y ἡτοίμασας 1 you have prepared "have planned" or "caused to happen"
LUK 2 32 n4k3 figs-metaphor φῶς‘ εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν 1 A light for revelation to the Gentiles This metaphor means that the child will help people to understand God's will. The Gentiles understanding God's will is spoken of as if it were people using physical light to see a solid object. You may need to make explicit what it is that the Gentiles will see. Alternate translation: "This child will enable the Gentiles to understand God's will as light allows people to see clearly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 2 32 n4k3 figs-metaphor φῶς εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν 1 A light for revelation to the Gentiles This metaphor means that the child will help people to understand God's will. The Gentiles understanding God's will is spoken of as if it were people using physical light to see a solid object. You may need to make explicit what it is that the Gentiles will see. Alternate translation: "This child will enable the Gentiles to understand God's will as light allows people to see clearly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 2 32 s5lu figs-explicit εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν 1 for revelation It may be necessary to state what is to be revealed. Alternate translation: "that will reveal God's truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 2 32 ur8y δόξαν λαοῦ σου, Ἰσραήλ 1 glory to your people Israel "he will be the reason that glory will come to your people Israel"
LUK 2 33 pp9f figs-activepassive τοῖς λαλουμένοις περὶ αὐτοῦ 1 what was said about him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that Simeon said about him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -381,8 +381,8 @@ LUK 3 3 cnm1 figs-abstractnouns εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν 1 for t
LUK 3 4 e1k1 0 General Information: The author, Luke, quotes a passage from Isaiah the prophet concerning John the Baptist.
LUK 3 4 zf6m figs-activepassive ὡς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ λόγων Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου 1 As it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet These words introduce a quotation from the prophet Isaiah. They can be stated in active form, and the missing words can be supplied. Alternate translation: "This happened as Isaiah the prophet had written in the book that contains his words" or "John fulfilled the message that the prophet Isaiah had written in his book" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK 3 4 b86g φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ 1 A voice of one calling out in the wilderness This can be expressed as a sentence. Alternate translation: "The voice of one calling out in the wilderness is heard" or "They hear the sound of someone calling out in the wilderness"
LUK 3 4 rzv1 ἑτοιμάσατε‘ τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου; εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ 1 Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight The second command explains or adds more detail to the first.
LUK 3 4 h9xl figs-metaphor ἑτοιμάσατε‘ τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου 1 Make ready the way of the Lord "Get the road ready for the Lord." Doing this represents preparing to hear the Lord's message when he comes. People do this by repenting of their sins. Alternate translation: "Prepare to hear the Lord's message when he comes" or "Repent and be ready for the Lord to come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 3 4 rzv1 ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου; εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ 1 Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight The second command explains or adds more detail to the first.
LUK 3 4 h9xl figs-metaphor ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου 1 Make ready the way of the Lord "Get the road ready for the Lord." Doing this represents preparing to hear the Lord's message when he comes. People do this by repenting of their sins. Alternate translation: "Prepare to hear the Lord's message when he comes" or "Repent and be ready for the Lord to come" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 3 4 v967 τὴν ὁδὸν 1 the way "the path" or "the road"
LUK 3 5 wk8m figs-metaphor πᾶσα φάραγξ πληρωθήσεται, καὶ πᾶν ὄρος καὶ βουνὸς ταπεινωθήσεται 1 Every valley will be filled ... every mountain and hill will be made low When people prepare the road for an important person who is coming, they cut down the high places and fill in the low places so that the road will be level. This is part of the metaphor started in the previous verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 3 5 e52x figs-activepassive πᾶσα φάραγξ πληρωθήσεται 1 Every valley will be filled This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "They will fill in every low place in the road" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 3 7 g7tw figs-metonymy ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς 1 from the wrath that is coming The word "wrath" is used here to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: "from the punishment that God is sending" or "from God's wrath on which he is about to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 3 8 pz16 figs-metaphor ποιήσατε ... καρποὺς ἀξίους τῆς μετανοίας 1 produce fruits that are worthy of repentance In this metaphor, a person's behavior is compared to fruit. Just as a plant is expected to produce fruit that is appropriate for that kind of plant, a person who says that he has repented is expected to live righteously. Alternate translation: "produce the kind of fruit that shows that you have repented" or "do the good things that show that you have turned away from your sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 3 8 uqz3 λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς 1 to say within yourselves "saying to yourselves" or "thinking"
LUK 3 8 pft3 figs-explicit πατέρα‘ ἔχομεν τὸν Ἀβραάμ 1 We have Abraham for our father "Abraham is our ancestor" or "We are Abraham's descendants." If it is unclear why they would say this, you may also add the implied information: "so God will not punish us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 3 8 pft3 figs-explicit πατέρα ἔχομεν τὸν Ἀβραάμ 1 We have Abraham for our father "Abraham is our ancestor" or "We are Abraham's descendants." If it is unclear why they would say this, you may also add the implied information: "so God will not punish us." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 3 8 gbp2 ἐγεῖραι τέκνα τῷ Ἀβραάμ 1 to raise up children for Abraham "create children for Abraham"
LUK 3 8 pi82 ἐκ τῶν λίθων τούτων 1 from these stones John was probably referring to the actual stones along the Jordan River.
LUK 3 9 r5pa figs-activepassive ἡ ἀξίνη πρὸς τὴν ῥίζαν τῶν δένδρων κεῖται 1 the ax is set against the root of the trees The ax that is in position so it can cut the roots of a tree is a metaphor for the punishment that is about to begin. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God is like the man who has placed his ax against the root of the trees" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 4 3 bg52 τῷ λίθῳ τούτῳ 1 this stone The devil either holds a stone in his hand or points to a nearby stone.
LUK 4 4 kde3 figs-explicit καὶ ἀπεκρίθη πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Ἰησοῦς, γέγραπται ... ὁ ἄνθρωπος. 1 Jesus answered him, "It is written ... alone.'" Jesus' rejection of the devil's challenge is clearly implied in his answer. It may be helpful to state this clearly for your audience, as the UST does. Alternate translation: "Jesus replied, 'No, I will not do that because it is written ... alone.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 4 4 hr5a figs-activepassive γέγραπται 1 It is written The quotation is from Moses' writings in the Old Testament. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses has written in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 4 4 ek2z figs-synecdoche οὐκ‘ ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος 1 Man does not live on bread alone The word "bread" refers to food in general. Food as compared to God, by itself, is not enough to sustain a person. Jesus quotes the scripture to say why he would not turn the stone into bread. Alternate translation: "People cannot live on just bread" or "It is not just food that makes a person live" or "God says there are more important things than food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK 4 4 ek2z figs-synecdoche οὐκ ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος 1 Man does not live on bread alone The word "bread" refers to food in general. Food as compared to God, by itself, is not enough to sustain a person. Jesus quotes the scripture to say why he would not turn the stone into bread. Alternate translation: "People cannot live on just bread" or "It is not just food that makes a person live" or "God says there are more important things than food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK 4 5 wm17 figs-explicit ἀναγαγὼν αὐτὸν 1 led him up He led Jesus up a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 4 5 jxi9 ἐν στιγμῇ χρόνου 1 in an instant of time "in an instant" or "instantly"
LUK 4 6 dcx6 figs-explicit ἐμοὶ παραδέδοται 1 they have been given to me This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are that "them" refers to 1) the authority and splendor of the kingdoms or 2) the kingdoms. Alternate translation: "God has given them to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ LUK 4 7 uca7 ἔσται σοῦ 1 it will be yours "I will give you all these
LUK 4 8 m4tc figs-explicit γέγραπται 1 It is written Jesus refused to do what the devil asked. It may be helpful to state this clearly. Alternate translation: "No, I will not worship you, because it is written" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 4 8 v8ca ἀποκριθεὶς ... εἶπεν αὐτῷ 1 answered and said to him "responded to him" or "replied to him"
LUK 4 8 xj35 figs-activepassive γέγραπται 1 It is written This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses has written in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 4 8 bch3 Κύριον‘ τὸν Θεόν σου προσκυνήσεις 1 You will worship the Lord your God Jesus was quoting a command from the scriptures to say why he would not worship the devil.
LUK 4 8 bch3 Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου προσκυνήσεις 1 You will worship the Lord your God Jesus was quoting a command from the scriptures to say why he would not worship the devil.
LUK 4 8 q8ni figs-you προσκυνήσεις 1 You will worship This refers to the people in the Old Testament who received God's Law. You could use the singular form of 'you' because each person was to obey it, or you could use the plural form of 'you' because all of the people were to obey it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK 4 8 zt2b αὐτῷ 1 him The word "him" refers to the Lord God.
LUK 4 9 j8r6 τὸ πτερύγιον 1 the very highest point This was the corner of the temple roof. If someone fell from there, they would be seriously injured or die.
@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ LUK 4 10 s2g4 figs-activepassive γέγραπται 1 it is written This can be
LUK 4 10 nld8 ἐντελεῖται 1 He will give orders "He" refers to God. The devil partially quoted from the Psalms in an effort to persuade Jesus to jump off the building.
LUK 4 12 fy8d figs-explicit εἴρηται 1 It is said Jesus tells the devil why he will not do what the devil told him to do. His refusal to do it can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "No, I will not do that, because it is said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 4 12 cf6c figs-activepassive εἴρηται 1 It is said Jesus quotes from the writings of Moses in Deuteronomy. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses has said" or "Moses has said in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 4 12 gf8h οὐκ‘ ἐκπειράσεις Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου 1 Do not put the Lord your God to the test Possible meanings are 1) Jesus should not test God by jumping off the temple, or 2) the devil should not test Jesus to see if he is the Son of God. It is best to translate the verse as stated rather than to try to explain the meaning.
LUK 4 12 gf8h οὐκ ἐκπειράσεις Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου 1 Do not put the Lord your God to the test Possible meanings are 1) Jesus should not test God by jumping off the temple, or 2) the devil should not test Jesus to see if he is the Son of God. It is best to translate the verse as stated rather than to try to explain the meaning.
LUK 4 13 qqd7 ἄχρι καιροῦ 1 until an opportune time "until another occasion"
LUK 4 13 nc2c figs-explicit συντελέσας πάντα πειρασμὸν 1 had finished every temptation This does not imply that the devil was successful in his temptation—Jesus resisted every attempt. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "had finished trying to persuade Jesus to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 4 14 h3fr 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus returns to Galilee, teaches in the synagogue, and tells the people there that he is fulfilling scripture of Isaiah the prophet.
LUK 4 22 ty6d figs-rquestion οὐχὶ υἱός ἐστιν Ἰωσὴφ οὗτος? 1 Is this not the son of Joseph? People thought that Joseph was Jesus' father. Joseph was not a religious leader, so they were surprised that his son would preach what he did. Alternate translation: "This is just Joseph's son!" or "His father is only Joseph!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 4 23 dp7g 0 General Information: Nazareth is the town in which Jesus grew up.
LUK 4 23 is8a πάντως 1 Surely "Certainly" or "There is no doubt that"
LUK 4 23 u4ps writing-proverbs ἰατρέ‘, θεράπευσον σεαυτόν 1 Doctor, heal yourself If someone claims to be able to heal diseases that he himself has, there is no reason to believe he is really a doctor. People will speak this proverb to Jesus to say that they will only believe he is a prophet if they see him do what they have heard that he did in other places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK 4 23 u4ps writing-proverbs ἰατρέ, θεράπευσον σεαυτόν 1 Doctor, heal yourself If someone claims to be able to heal diseases that he himself has, there is no reason to believe he is really a doctor. People will speak this proverb to Jesus to say that they will only believe he is a prophet if they see him do what they have heard that he did in other places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK 4 23 ww1w ὅσα ἠκούσαμεν ... ποίησον καὶ ὧδε ἐν τῇ πατρίδι σου 1 Whatever we heard ... do the same in your hometown The people of Nazareth do not believe Jesus is a prophet because of his low status as Joseph's son. They will not believe unless they personally see him do miracles.
LUK 4 24 q3a9 ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Truly I say to you "It is certainly true." This is an emphatic statement about what follows.
LUK 4 24 n2cp writing-proverbs οὐδεὶς προφήτης δεκτός ἐστιν ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ 1 no prophet is received in his hometown Jesus makes this general statement in order to rebuke the people. He means that they are refusing to believe the reports of his miracles in Capernaum. They think they already know all about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK 5 37 dw18 figs-activepassive αὐτὸς ἐκχυθήσεται 1 it will be spilled out This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the wine would spill out of the bags" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 5 38 ijm3 ἀσκοὺς καινοὺς 1 fresh wineskins "new wineskins" or "new wine bags." This refers to new wineskins, unused.
LUK 5 39 pvn9 figs-metaphor πιὼν παλαιὸν θέλει νέον 1 after drinking old wine wants the new This metaphor contrasts the old teaching of the religious leaders against the new teaching of Jesus. The point is that people who are used to the old teaching are not willing to listen to the new things that Jesus is teaching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 5 39 uan9 figs-explicit λέγει γάρ, ὁ‘ παλαιὸς χρηστός ἐστιν 1 for he says, 'The old is better.' It may be helpful to add: "and he is therefore not willing to try the new wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 5 39 uan9 figs-explicit λέγει γάρ, ὁ παλαιὸς χρηστός ἐστιν 1 for he says, 'The old is better.' It may be helpful to add: "and he is therefore not willing to try the new wine" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 6 intro vv2y 0 # Luke 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Luke 6:20-49 contains many blessings and woes that appear to correspond to Matthew 5-7. This part of Matthew has traditionally been called the "Sermon on the Mount." In Luke, they are not as connected to a teaching on the kingdom of God as they are in Matthew's gospel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### "Eating the grain"<br><br>When the disciples plucked and ate the grain in a field they were walking through on the Sabbath ([Luke 6:1](../../luk/06/01.md)), the Pharisees said that they were breaking the law of Moses. The Pharisees said that the disciples were doing work by picking the grain and so disobeying God's command to rest and not work on the Sabbath.<br><br>The Pharisees did not think the disciples were stealing. That is because the law of Moses required farmers to allow travelers to pluck and eat small amounts of grain from plants in fields they traveled through or near. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Metaphors are pictures of visible objects that speakers use to explain invisible truths. Jesus used a metaphor of a generous grain merchant to teach his people to be generous ([Luke 6:38](../../luk/06/38.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>Rhetorical questions are questions to which the speaker already knows the answer. The Pharisees scolded Jesus by asking him a rhetorical question when they thought he was breaking the Sabbath ([Luke 6:2](../../luk/06/02.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Implicit information<br><br>Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When Luke wrote that the disciples were rubbing the heads of grain between their hands, he expected his reader to know that they were separating the part they would eat from what they would throw away ([Luke 6:1](../../luk/06/01.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### The twelve disciples<br><br>The following are the lists of the twelve disciples:<br><br>In Matthew:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Mark:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Luke:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James.<br>
LUK 6 1 dum1 figs-you 0 General Information: The word "you" here is plural, and refers to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK 6 1 sw1e 0 Connecting Statement: While Jesus and his disciples are walking through grainfields, some Pharisees begin to question the disciples about what they are doing on the Sabbath, which, in God's law, has been set aside for God.
@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ LUK 7 18 p9nd 0 Connecting Statement: John sends two of his disciples to quest
LUK 7 18 xt3i writing-newevent ἀπήγγειλαν Ἰωάννῃ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ περὶ πάντων τούτων 1 John's disciples told him concerning all these things This introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK 7 18 r11g ἀπήγγειλαν Ἰωάννῃ 1 reported to John "told John"
LUK 7 18 jf5m πάντων τούτων 1 all these things "all the things Jesus was doing"
LUK 7 20 ftb7 figs-quotations οἱ ἄνδρες εἶπαν, Ἰωάννης ὁ Βαπτιστὴς ἀπέστειλεν ἡμᾶς πρὸς σὲ λέγων, σὺ‘ εἶ ... ἢ ἄλλον προσδοκῶμεν?’ 1 the men said, "John the Baptist has sent us to you to say, 'Are you ... or should we look for another?'" This sentence can be rewritten so that it only has one direct quote. Alternate translation: "the men said that John the Baptist had sent them to him to ask, 'Are you the one who is coming, or should we look for another?'" or "the men said, 'John the Baptist has sent us to you to ask if you are the one who is coming, or if we should look for another.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 7 20 ftb7 figs-quotations οἱ ἄνδρες εἶπαν, Ἰωάννης ὁ Βαπτιστὴς ἀπέστειλεν ἡμᾶς πρὸς σὲ λέγων, σὺ εἶ ... ἢ ἄλλον προσδοκῶμεν? 1 the men said, "John the Baptist has sent us to you to say, 'Are you ... or should we look for another?'" This sentence can be rewritten so that it only has one direct quote. Alternate translation: "the men said that John the Baptist had sent them to him to ask, 'Are you the one who is coming, or should we look for another?'" or "the men said, 'John the Baptist has sent us to you to ask if you are the one who is coming, or if we should look for another.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 7 21 ys1b ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ 1 In that hour "At that time"
LUK 7 21 a7sm figs-ellipsis πνευμάτων πονηρῶν 1 from evil spirits It may be helpful to restate the healing. Alternate translation: "he healed them from evil spirits" or "he set people free from evil spirits" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK 7 22 lcm2 εἶπεν αὐτοῖς 1 said to them "said to John's messengers" or "said to the messengers that John sent"
@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ LUK 7 26 ym8l figs-rquestion ἀλλὰ τί... προφήτην? 1 But what ...
LUK 7 26 ix16 ναί, λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Yes, I say to you Jesus says this to emphasize the importance of what he will say next.
LUK 7 26 r7ud περισσότερον προφήτου 1 more than a prophet This phrase means that John was indeed a prophet, but that he was even greater than a typical prophet. Alternate translation: "not just an ordinary prophet" or "much more important than a normal prophet"
LUK 7 27 cg3r οὗτός ἐστιν περὶ οὗ γέγραπται 1 This is he concerning whom it is written "That prophet is the one the prophets wrote about" or "John is the one the prophets wrote about long ago"
LUK 7 27 wt2m ἰδοὺ‘, ἀποστέλλω 1 See, I am sending In this verse, Jesus is quoting the prophet Malachi and saying that John is the messenger of which Malachi spoke.
LUK 7 27 wt2m ἰδοὺ, ἀποστέλλω 1 See, I am sending In this verse, Jesus is quoting the prophet Malachi and saying that John is the messenger of which Malachi spoke.
LUK 7 27 s8hg figs-idiom πρὸ προσώπου σου 1 before your face This idiom means "in front of you" or "to go ahead of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK 7 27 cc5u figs-you σου 1 your The word "your" is singular because God was speaking to the Messiah in the quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK 7 28 yz6b figs-you λέγω ὑμῖν 1 I say to you Jesus is speaking to the crowd, so "you" is plural. Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the truth of the surprising thing he is about to say next. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
@ -897,9 +897,9 @@ LUK 7 32 f7hg ἀγορᾷ 1 the marketplace a large, open-air area where peopl
LUK 7 32 xgg9 καὶ οὐκ ὠρχήσασθε 1 and you did not dance "but you did not dance to the music"
LUK 7 32 m2k3 καὶ οὐκ ἐκλαύσατε 1 and you did not cry "but you did not cry with us"
LUK 7 33 kbc7 μὴ ἐσθίων ἄρτον 1 neither eating bread Possible meanings are 1) "frequently fasting" or 2) "not eating normal food."
LUK 7 33 wka1 figs-quotations λέγετε, δαιμόνιον‘ ἔχει 1 you say, 'He has a demon.' Jesus was quoting what people were saying about John. This can be stated without the direct quote. Alternate translation: "you say that he has a demon." or "you accuse him of having a demon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 7 33 wka1 figs-quotations λέγετε, δαιμόνιον ἔχει 1 you say, 'He has a demon.' Jesus was quoting what people were saying about John. This can be stated without the direct quote. Alternate translation: "you say that he has a demon." or "you accuse him of having a demon." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 7 34 k33e figs-123person ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 The Son of Man Jesus expected the people to understand that he was referring to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 7 34 s1um figs-quotations λέγετε, ἰδοὺ‘, ἄνθρωπος φάγος καὶ οἰνοπότης ... ἁμαρτωλῶν. 1 you say, 'Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners!' This can be translated as an indirect quote. If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man," you can state this as an indirect statement and use the first person. Alternate translation: "you say that he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." or "you accuse him of eating and drinking too much and of being ... sinners." or "you say that I am a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 7 34 s1um figs-quotations λέγετε, ἰδοὺ, ἄνθρωπος φάγος καὶ οἰνοπότης ... ἁμαρτωλῶν. 1 you say, 'Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners!' This can be translated as an indirect quote. If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man," you can state this as an indirect statement and use the first person. Alternate translation: "you say that he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." or "you accuse him of eating and drinking too much and of being ... sinners." or "you say that I am a gluttonous man and a drunkard ... sinners." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 7 34 am9s ἄνθρωπος φάγος 1 a gluttonous man "he is a greedy eater" or "he continually eats too much food"
LUK 7 34 chu4 οἰνοπότης 1 a drunkard "a drunk" or "he continually drinks too much alcohol"
LUK 7 35 ba4g ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς 1 wisdom is justified by all her children This appears to be a proverb that Jesus applied to this situation, probably to teach that wise people would understand that the people should not have rejected Jesus and John.
@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ LUK 8 9 vnc7 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to speak to his disciples.
LUK 8 10 je1f figs-activepassive ὑμῖν δέδοται γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 To you has been granted to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has given to you the knowledge of ... God" or "God has made you able to understand ... God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 8 10 s7xp τὰ μυστήρια τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the mysteries of the kingdom of God These are truths that have been hidden, but Jesus is now revealing them.
LUK 8 10 l6sk τοῖς ... λοιποῖς 1 to the rest "for other people." This refers to the people who rejected the teaching of Jesus and did not follow him.
LUK 8 10 xtu6 βλέποντες‘ μὴ βλέπωσιν 1 Seeing they may not see "though they see, they will not perceive." This is a quote from the prophet Isaiah. Some languages may need to state the object of the verbs. Alternate translation: "though they see things, they will not understand them" or "though they see things happen, they will not understand what they mean"
LUK 8 10 xtu6 βλέποντες μὴ βλέπωσιν 1 Seeing they may not see "though they see, they will not perceive." This is a quote from the prophet Isaiah. Some languages may need to state the object of the verbs. Alternate translation: "though they see things, they will not understand them" or "though they see things happen, they will not understand what they mean"
LUK 8 10 k4es ἀκούοντες μὴ συνιῶσιν 1 hearing they may not understand "though they hear, they will not understand." This is a quote from the prophet Isaiah. Some languages may need to state the object of the verbs. Alternate translation: "though they hear instruction, they will not understand the truth"
LUK 8 11 vp8a 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus begins to explain the meaning of the parable of the soils to his disciples.
LUK 8 11 hb1t ὁ σπόρος ἐστὶν ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 The seed is the word of God "The seed is the message from God"
@ -1250,7 +1250,7 @@ LUK 10 3 x732 ὑπάγετε 1 Go on your way "Go to the cities" or "Go to the
LUK 10 3 u8h7 figs-simile ἀποστέλλω ὑμᾶς ὡς ἄρνας ἐν μέσῳ λύκων 1 I send you out as lambs in the midst of wolves Wolves attack and kill sheep. This metaphor therefore means that there are people who would attempt to harm the disciples that Jesus is sending out. The names of other animals could be substituted. Alternate translation: "when I send you out, people will want to harm you, as wolves attack sheep" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK 10 4 fz6p μὴ βαστάζετε βαλλάντιον, μὴ πήραν, μὴ ὑποδήματα 1 Do not carry a money bag, nor a traveler's bag, nor sandals "Do not take with you a bag, a traveler's bag, or sandals"
LUK 10 4 tj52 μηδένα κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἀσπάσησθε 1 greet no one on the road "do not greet anyone on the road." Jesus was emphasizing that they should go quickly to the towns and do this work. He was not telling them to be rude.
LUK 10 5 zk69 figs-metonymy εἰρήνη‘ τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ 1 Peace be on this house This was both a greeting and a blessing. Here "house" refers to those who live in the house. Alternate translation: "May the people in this household receive peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 10 5 zk69 figs-metonymy εἰρήνη τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ 1 Peace be on this house This was both a greeting and a blessing. Here "house" refers to those who live in the house. Alternate translation: "May the people in this household receive peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 10 6 x5e4 υἱὸς εἰρήνης 1 a son of peace "a peaceful person." This is a person who wants peace with God and with people.
LUK 10 6 pq5j figs-personification ἐπαναπαήσεται ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἡ εἰρήνη ὑμῶν 1 your peace will rest upon him Here "peace" is described as a living thing that can choose where to stay. Alternate translation: "he will have the peace you blessed him with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
LUK 10 6 it4v figs-ellipsis εἰ ... μή γε 1 if not It may be helpful to restate the entire phrase. Alternate translation: "if there is no person of peace there" or "if the owner of the house is not a peaceful person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK 10 8 k8yb καὶ δέχωνται ὑμᾶς 1 and they receive you "if they welcome you"
LUK 10 8 wd2x figs-activepassive ἐσθίετε τὰ παρατιθέμενα ὑμῖν 1 eat what is set before you This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "eat whatever food they give you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 10 9 ws6g figs-nominaladj τοὺς ... ἀσθενεῖς 1 the sick This refers to sick people in general. Alternate translation: "the sick people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
LUK 10 9 e1he figs-abstractnouns ἤγγικεν‘ ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 The kingdom of God has come close to you The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." Possible meanings are 1) the kingdom of God will begin soon. Alternate translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or 2) the activities of kingdom of God are happening all around you. Alternate translation: "The proof that God is reigning is all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK 10 9 e1he figs-abstractnouns ἤγγικεν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 The kingdom of God has come close to you The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." Possible meanings are 1) the kingdom of God will begin soon. Alternate translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or 2) the activities of kingdom of God are happening all around you. Alternate translation: "The proof that God is reigning is all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK 10 10 nt9n καὶ μὴ δέχωνται ὑμᾶς 1 and they do not receive you "if the people of the city reject you"
LUK 10 11 bc9h translate-symaction καὶ‘ τὸν κονιορτὸν τὸν κολληθέντα ἡμῖν, ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ὑμῶν εἰς τοὺς πόδας ἀπομασσόμεθα ὑμῖν 1 Even the dust from your town that clings to our feet we wipe off against you This is a symbolic action to show that they reject the people of the city. Alternate translation: "Just as you rejected us, we thoroughly reject you. We even reject the dust from your town that clings to our feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK 10 11 bc9h translate-symaction καὶ τὸν κονιορτὸν τὸν κολληθέντα ἡμῖν, ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ὑμῶν εἰς τοὺς πόδας ἀπομασσόμεθα ὑμῖν 1 Even the dust from your town that clings to our feet we wipe off against you This is a symbolic action to show that they reject the people of the city. Alternate translation: "Just as you rejected us, we thoroughly reject you. We even reject the dust from your town that clings to our feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK 10 11 yg83 figs-exclusive ἀπομασσόμεθα 1 we wipe off Since Jesus was sending these people out in groups of two, it would be two people saying this. So languages that have a dual form of "we" would use it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK 10 11 s7ks πλὴν τοῦτο γινώσκετε ὅτι ἤγγικεν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 But know this, that the kingdom of God has come near The phrase "But know this" introduces a warning. It means "Even though you reject us, it does not change the fact that the kingdom of God is near!"
LUK 10 11 fdk3 figs-abstractnouns ἤγγικεν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 The kingdom of God has come near The abstract noun "kingdom" can be expressed with the verbs "reign" or "rule." See how you translated a similar sentence in [Luke 10:8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: "God will soon rule everywhere as king" or "The proof that God is reigning is all around you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@ -1321,9 +1321,9 @@ LUK 10 25 dh16 κληρονομήσω 1 to inherit "so that God will give me"
LUK 10 26 nj77 figs-rquestion ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις? 1 What is written in the law? How do you read it? Jesus is not seeking information. He uses these questions to test the Jewish law expert's knowledge. Alternate translation: "Tell me what Moses wrote in the law and what you think it means." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 10 26 m2nl figs-activepassive ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις? 1 What is written in the law? This can be asked in active form. Alternate translation: "What did Moses write in the law?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 10 26 a8nt πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις? 1 How do you read it? "What have you read in it?" or "What do you understand it to say?"
LUK 10 27 hxk1 ἀγαπήσεις ... τὸν‘ πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν 1 You will love ... your neighbor as yourself The man is quoting what Moses wrote in the law.
LUK 10 27 hxk1 ἀγαπήσεις ... τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν 1 You will love ... your neighbor as yourself The man is quoting what Moses wrote in the law.
LUK 10 27 fzb6 figs-metonymy ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ψυχῇ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ἰσχύϊ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου 1 with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind Here "heart" and "soul" are metonyms for a person's inner being. These four phrases are used together to mean "completely" or "earnestly." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK 10 27 k1el figs-simile τὸν‘ πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν 1 your neighbor as yourself This simile can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "love your neighbor as much as you love yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK 10 27 k1el figs-simile τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν 1 your neighbor as yourself This simile can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: "love your neighbor as much as you love yourself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK 10 28 xd4n ζήσῃ 1 you will live "God will give you eternal life"
LUK 10 29 xt23 ὁ δὲ θέλων δικαιῶσαι ἑαυτὸν, εἶπεν 1 But he, desiring to justify himself, said "But the expert wanted to find a way to justify himself, so he said" or "But wanting to appear righteous, the expert said"
LUK 10 29 lr4m figs-explicit τίς ἐστίν μου πλησίον? 1 who is my neighbor? The man wanted to know whom he was required to love. Alternate translation: "Whom should I consider to be my neighbor and love as I love myself?" or "Which people are my neighbors that I should love?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 11 48 drs1 figs-explicit ἄρα μαρτυρεῖτε καὶ συνευδοκεῖτε 1 So you are witnesses and you consent Jesus is rebuking the Pharisees and teachers of the law. They know about the murder of the prophets, but do not condemn their ancestors for killing them. Alternate translation: "So, rather than denouncing them, you confirm and agree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 11 49 by5w διὰ τοῦτο 1 For this reason This refers back to the previous statement that the teachers of the law burdened people with rules.
LUK 11 49 c97g figs-personification ἡ σοφία τοῦ Θεοῦ εἶπεν 1 the wisdom of God said "wisdom" is treated as if it was able to speak for God. Alternate translation: "God in his wisdom said" or "God wisely said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
LUK 11 49 lda4 ἀποστελῶ‘ εἰς αὐτοὺς προφήτας καὶ ἀποστόλους 1 I will send to them prophets and apostles "I will send prophets and apostles to my people." God had declared beforehand that he would send prophets and apostles to the ancestors of the Jewish audience to whom Jesus was speaking.
LUK 11 49 lda4 ἀποστελῶ εἰς αὐτοὺς προφήτας καὶ ἀποστόλους 1 I will send to them prophets and apostles "I will send prophets and apostles to my people." God had declared beforehand that he would send prophets and apostles to the ancestors of the Jewish audience to whom Jesus was speaking.
LUK 11 49 w1fh ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτενοῦσιν καὶ διώξουσιν 1 they will persecute and they will kill some of them "my people will persecute and kill some of the prophets and apostles." God had declared beforehand that the ancestors of the Jewish audience to whom Jesus was speaking would persecute and kill the prophets and apostles.
LUK 11 50 pi6u figs-metonymy ἐκζητηθῇ τὸ αἷμα πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, τὸ ἐκχυννόμενον ... ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης 1 This generation, then, will be held responsible for all the blood of the prophets shed The people to whom Jesus is speaking will be held responsible for the murder of the prophets by their ancestors. Alternate translation: "Therefore, God will hold this generation responsible for all the deaths of the prophets that people have killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 11 50 d1rf figs-metonymy τὸ αἷμα πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, τὸ ἐκχυννόμενον 1 all the blood of the prophets which has been shed The "blood ... shed" refers to the blood spilled when they were killed. Alternate translation: "the murder of the prophets" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 12 16 d37q figs-parables 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues his teaching by telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK 12 16 gc9i εἶπεν δὲ ... αὐτοὺς 1 Then he spoke to them Jesus was probably still speaking to the entire crowd.
LUK 12 16 nkw9 εὐφόρησεν 1 yielded abundantly "grew a very good harvest"
LUK 12 17 w55n figs-rquestion τί‘ ποιήσω, ὅτι οὐκ ἔχω ποῦ συνάξω τοὺς καρπούς μου? 1 What will I do, because I do not have a place to store my crops? This question reflects what the man was thinking to himself. Alternate translation: "I do not know what to do, because I do not have any place big enough to store all my crops!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 12 17 w55n figs-rquestion τί ποιήσω, ὅτι οὐκ ἔχω ποῦ συνάξω τοὺς καρπούς μου? 1 What will I do, because I do not have a place to store my crops? This question reflects what the man was thinking to himself. Alternate translation: "I do not know what to do, because I do not have any place big enough to store all my crops!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 12 18 d82f τὰς ἀποθήκας 1 barns buildings where farmers store the crops they have harvested
LUK 12 18 w6gc τὰ ἀγαθά 1 other goods possessions
LUK 12 19 mqm6 figs-synecdoche καὶ ἐρῶ τῇ ψυχῇ μου, ψυχή, ἔχεις ... ἔτη πολλά. ἀναπαύου ... εὐφραίνου. 1 I will say to my soul, "Soul, you have ... many years. Rest easy ... be merry." "I will say to myself, 'I have ... years. Rest ... merry.'" or "I will tell myself that I have ... years, so I can rest ... merry." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@ -1641,7 +1641,7 @@ LUK 12 44 i2cq ἀληθῶς λέγω ὑμῖν 1 Truly I say to you This exp
LUK 12 44 y47s ἐπὶ πᾶσιν τοῖς ὑπάρχουσιν αὐτοῦ καταστήσει αὐτόν 1 will set him over all his property "will put him in charge of all his property"
LUK 12 45 dpk8 ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος 1 that servant This refers to the servant whose lord has put him in charge of the other servants.
LUK 12 45 aku7 figs-metonymy εἴπῃ ... τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ 1 says in his heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or inner being. Alternate translation: "thinks to himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 12 45 cu5k χρονίζει‘ ὁ κύριός μου ἔρχεσθαι 1 My master is taking a long time to return "My master will not return soon"
LUK 12 45 cu5k χρονίζει ὁ κύριός μου ἔρχεσθαι 1 My master is taking a long time to return "My master will not return soon"
LUK 12 45 juc5 τοὺς παῖδας καὶ τὰς παιδίσκας 1 the male and female servants The words that are translated here as "male and female servants" are normally translated as "boys" and "girls." They may indicate that the servants were young or that they were dear to their master.
LUK 12 46 j1m1 figs-merism ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ οὐ προσδοκᾷ, καὶ ἐν ὥρᾳ ᾗ οὐ γινώσκει 1 in a day when he does not expect, and in an hour that he does not know The words "day" and "hour" form a merism of time that refers to any time, and the words "expect" and "know" have similar meanings, so the two phrases here are parallel to emphasize that the coming of the lord will be a total surprise to the servant. However, the phrases should not be combined unless your language has no different words for "know" and "expect" or "day" and "hour." Alternate translation: "at a time when the servant is not expecting him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK 12 46 vg1d figs-hyperbole διχοτομήσει αὐτὸν, καὶ τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ἀπίστων θήσει 1 will cut him in pieces and appoint a place for him with the unfaithful Possible meanings are 1) this is an exaggeration for the master dealing out harsh punishment toward the slave, or 2) this describes the manner in which the servant will be executed and buried as punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
@ -1665,7 +1665,7 @@ LUK 12 52 fln4 ἐπὶ ...ἐπὶ 1 against ... against "will oppose ... will
LUK 12 53 qr7s ἐπὶ 1 against "will oppose"
LUK 12 54 vdh1 0 General Information: Jesus begins to speak to the crowd.
LUK 12 54 i84z figs-explicit ὅταν ἴδητε νεφέλην ἀνατέλλουσαν ... γίνεται οὕτως 1 When you see a cloud rising ... so it happens This condition normally meant rain was coming in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 12 54 d3gk ὄμβρος‘ ἔρχεται 1 A shower is coming "Rain is coming" or "It is going to rain"
LUK 12 54 d3gk ὄμβρος ἔρχεται 1 A shower is coming "Rain is coming" or "It is going to rain"
LUK 12 55 gq22 figs-explicit ὅταν νότον πνέοντα 1 when a south wind is blowing This condition normally meant hot weather was coming in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 12 56 jdj7 τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς 1 of the sky and of the earth "the earth and the sky"
LUK 12 56 y3yj figs-rquestion τὸν καιρὸν δὲ τοῦτον, πῶς οὐκ οἴδατε δοκιμάζειν? 1 but how do you not know how to interpret the present time? Jesus uses a question to rebuke the crowd. Jesus uses this question to convict them. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "you should know how to interpret the present time." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 13 19 x3p8 translate-unknown κόκκῳ σινάπεως 1 a mustard seed A mustard seed is a very small seed that grows into a large plant. If this seed is not known, the phrase can be translated with the name of another seed like it or simply as "a small seed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK 13 19 wv4q figs-explicit ἔβαλεν εἰς κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ 1 threw into his garden "planted in his garden." People planted some kinds of seeds by throwing them so that they scattered in the garden. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 13 19 q2e6 figs-hyperbole δένδρον 1 a tree The word "big" is an exaggeration that contrasts the tree with the tiny seed. Alternate translation: "a very large shrub" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK 13 19 avk2 τὰ‘ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 the birds of heaven "birds of the sky." Alternate translation: "birds that fly in the sky" or "birds"
LUK 13 19 avk2 τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ 1 the birds of heaven "birds of the sky." Alternate translation: "birds that fly in the sky" or "birds"
LUK 13 20 d687 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes speaking to the people in the synagogue. This is the end of this part of the story.
LUK 13 20 hn4n figs-rquestion τίνι ὁμοιώσω τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ? 1 To what can I compare the kingdom of God? Jesus uses another question to introduce what he is about to teach. Alternate translation: "I will tell you another thing to which I can compare to the kingdom of God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 13 21 ub44 figs-simile ὁμοία ἐστὶν ζύμῃ 1 It is like yeast Jesus compares the kingdom of God to yeast in bread dough. Alternate translation: "The kingdom of God is like yeast" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
@ -1835,9 +1835,9 @@ LUK 14 18 s9as παραιτεῖσθαι 1 to make excuses "to say why they cou
LUK 14 18 l3r6 figs-explicit ὁ πρῶτος εἶπεν αὐτῷ 1 The first said to him The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the servant whom the master had sent out ([Luke 14:17](../14/17.md)). Alternate translation: "The first sent him a message, saying" or "The first told the servant to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 14 18 lc8u ἐρωτῶ σε ἔχε με παρῃτημένον 1 Please excuse me "Please forgive me" or "Please accept my apology"
LUK 14 19 d9p2 figs-explicit ἕτερος εἶπεν 1 another said The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the servant whom the master had sent out ([Luke 14:17](../14/17.md)). Alternate translation: "Another sent a message, saying" or "Another told the servant to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 14 19 cd9b figs-explicit ζεύγη‘ βοῶν ... πέντε 1 five pairs of oxen Oxen were used in pairs to pull farming tools. Alternate translation: "10 oxen to work in my fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 14 19 cd9b figs-explicit ζεύγη βοῶν ... πέντε 1 five pairs of oxen Oxen were used in pairs to pull farming tools. Alternate translation: "10 oxen to work in my fields" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 14 20 lf9h figs-explicit καὶ ἕτερος εἶπεν 1 Yet another said The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the servant whom the master had sent out ([Luke 14:17](../14/17.md)). Alternate translation: "another man sent a message, saying" or "another man told the servant to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 14 20 gy6v γυναῖκα‘ ἔγημα 1 I have married a wife Use an expression that is natural in your language. Some languages may say "gotten married" or "taken a wife."
LUK 14 20 gy6v γυναῖκα ἔγημα 1 I have married a wife Use an expression that is natural in your language. Some languages may say "gotten married" or "taken a wife."
LUK 14 21 v7v7 ὀργισθεὶς 1 becoming angry "became angry with the people he had invited"
LUK 14 21 s88p εἰσάγαγε ὧδε 1 bring in here "invite in here to eat the dinner"
LUK 14 22 y4rb figs-explicit καὶ εἶπεν ὁ δοῦλος 1 Then the servant said It may be necessary to state clearly the implied information that the servant did what the master commanded him. Alternate translation: "After the servant went out and did that, he came back and said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -1917,7 +1917,7 @@ LUK 15 15 rxt4 βόσκειν χοίρους 1 to feed pigs "to give food to th
LUK 15 16 m8zd figs-explicit καὶ ἐπεθύμει χορτασθῆναι 1 He was longing to eat "wished very much that he could eat." It is understood that this is because he was very hungry. This could be stated. Alternate translation: "he was so hungry that he would have happily eaten" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 15 16 pd3c translate-unknown κερατίων 1 carob pods These are the husks of beans that grow on the carob tree. Alternate translation: "carob bean pods" or "bean husks" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK 15 17 x4jc figs-idiom εἰς ἑαυτὸν ... ἐλθὼν 1 when he had come to himself This idiom means he realized what the truth was, that he had made a terrible mistake. Alternate translation: "clearly understood his situation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK 15 17 xw1a πόσοι‘ μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύονται ἄρτων 1 How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread This is part of an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: "All my father's hired servants have more than enough food to eat"
LUK 15 17 xw1a πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύονται ἄρτων 1 How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread This is part of an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: "All my father's hired servants have more than enough food to eat"
LUK 15 17 tal2 λιμῷ ... ἀπόλλυμαι 1 dying from hunger This is probably not an exaggeration. The young man may really have been starving.
LUK 15 18 m4pj figs-metonymy ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν 1 I have sinned against heaven Jewish people sometimes avoided saying the word "God" and used the word "heaven" instead. Alternate translation: "I have sinned against God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 15 19 aug2 figs-activepassive οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου 1 I am no longer worthy to be called your son "I am not worthy to be called your son." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I am not worthy for you to call me son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 16 1 k6jv writing-participants ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν πλούσιος 1 There was a certain rich man This introduces a new character in the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK 16 1 blp5 figs-activepassive οὗτος διεβλήθη αὐτῷ 1 he was reported to him This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people reported to the rich man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 16 1 lpc3 διασκορπίζων τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ 1 wasting his possessions "foolishly managing the rich man's wealth"
LUK 16 2 p7y7 figs-rquestion τί‘ τοῦτο ἀκούω περὶ σοῦ? 1 What is this that I hear about you? The rich man uses a question to scold the manager. Alternate translation: "I have heard what you are doing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 16 2 p7y7 figs-rquestion τί τοῦτο ἀκούω περὶ σοῦ? 1 What is this that I hear about you? The rich man uses a question to scold the manager. Alternate translation: "I have heard what you are doing." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 16 2 q433 ἀπόδος τὸν λόγον τῆς οἰκονομίας σου 1 Give an account of your management "Set your records in order to pass on to someone else" or "Prepare the records you have written about my money"
LUK 16 3 kc12 figs-rquestion τί‘ ποιήσω ... τὴν οἰκονομίαν ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ? 1 What should I do ... the management job from me? The manager asks this question of himself, as a means of reviewing his options. Alternate translation: "I need to think about what I should do ... job" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 16 3 kc12 figs-rquestion τί ποιήσω ... τὴν οἰκονομίαν ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ? 1 What should I do ... the management job from me? The manager asks this question of himself, as a means of reviewing his options. Alternate translation: "I need to think about what I should do ... job" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 16 3 kng1 ὁ κύριός μου 1 my master This refers to the wealthy man. The manager was not a slave. Alternate translation: "my employer"
LUK 16 3 t3kj σκάπτειν οὐκ ἰσχύω 1 I am not strong enough to dig "I am not strong enough to dig the ground" or "I am not able to dig"
LUK 16 4 xxe2 figs-activepassive ὅταν μετασταθῶ ἐκ τῆς οἰκονομίας 1 when I am removed from my management job This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when I lose my management job" or "when my master takes away my management job" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 16 4 m4za figs-explicit δέξωνταί με εἰς τοὺς οἴκους αὐτῶν 1 people will welcome me into their houses This implies that those people will provide a job, or other things that he needs to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 16 5 rze8 τῶν χρεοφιλετῶν τοῦ κυρίου ἑαυτοῦ 1 the debters of his master "the people who were in debt to his master" or "the people who owed things to his master." In this story the debtors owed olive oil and wheat.
LUK 16 6 xp6d ὁ δὲ εἶπεν ... ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ 1 He said ... He said to him "The debtor said ... the manager said to the debtor"
LUK 16 6 u8nh translate-bvolume ἑκατὸν‘ βάτους ἐλαίου 1 A hundred baths of olive oil This was about 3,000 liters of olive oil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
LUK 16 6 u8nh translate-bvolume ἑκατὸν βάτους ἐλαίου 1 A hundred baths of olive oil This was about 3,000 liters of olive oil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
LUK 16 6 jn75 δέξαι‘σου τὰ γράμματα 1 Take your bill A "bill" is a piece of paper that tells how much someone owes.
LUK 16 6 jn75 δέξαι σου τὰ γράμματα 1 Take your bill A "bill" is a piece of paper that tells how much someone owes.
LUK 16 7 sy3y ἔπειτα ἑτέρῳ εἶπεν ... ὁ δὲ εἶπεν ... λέγει αὐτῷ 1 Then he said to another ... He said ... He said to him "the manager said to another debtor ... The debtor said ... The manager said to the debtor"
LUK 16 7 pq2u translate-bvolume ἑκατὸν‘ κόρους σίτου 1 A hundred cors of wheat You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "twenty thousand liters of wheat" or "a thousand baskets of wheat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
LUK 16 7 pq2u translate-bvolume ἑκατὸν κόρους σίτου 1 A hundred cors of wheat You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "twenty thousand liters of wheat" or "a thousand baskets of wheat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
LUK 16 7 tn17 γράψον ὀγδοήκοντα 1 write eighty "write eighty cors of wheat." You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: "write sixteen thousand liters" or "write eight hundred baskets"
LUK 16 8 aj5l 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes telling the parable about the master and the manager of his debtors. In verse 9, Jesus continues to teach his disciples.
LUK 16 28 x8xk ὅπως διαμαρτύρηται αὐτοῖς 1 in order that he might warn them "so that Lazarus may warn them"
LUK 16 28 y1xn τὸν τόπον τοῦτον τῆς βασάνου 1 this place of torment "this place where we suffer torment" or "this place where we suffer terrible pain"
LUK 16 29 n73e 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes telling the story about the rich man and Lazarus.
LUK 16 29 v8eh figs-explicit ἔχουσι‘ Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 They have Moses and the prophets It is implied that Abraham refused to send Lazarus to the rich man's brothers. This could be stated. Alternate translation: "No, I will not do that, because your brothers have what Moses and the prophets wrote long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 16 29 v8eh figs-explicit ἔχουσι Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 They have Moses and the prophets It is implied that Abraham refused to send Lazarus to the rich man's brothers. This could be stated. Alternate translation: "No, I will not do that, because your brothers have what Moses and the prophets wrote long ago" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 16 29 x8pt figs-metonymy Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 Moses and the prophets This refers to their writings. Alternate translation: "what Moses and the prophets wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 16 29 l3in ἀκουσάτωσαν αὐτῶν 1 let them listen to them "your brothers should pay attention to Moses and the prophets"
LUK 16 30 d84a figs-hypo ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν πορευθῇ πρὸς αὐτοὺς 1 if someone would go to them from the dead This describes a situation that has not happened, but that the rich man would like to happen. Alternate translation: "if a person who has died would go to them" or "if someone who has died would go and warn them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK 16 30 r3ez ἀπὸ νεκρῶν 1 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld.
LUK 16 31 xkr7 figs-metonymy εἰ‘ Μωϋσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν 1 If they do not listen to Moses and the prophets Here "Moses and the prophets" represent the things that they wrote. Alternate translation: "If they do not pay attention to what Moses and the prophets wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 16 31 xkr7 figs-metonymy εἰ Μωϋσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν 1 If they do not listen to Moses and the prophets Here "Moses and the prophets" represent the things that they wrote. Alternate translation: "If they do not pay attention to what Moses and the prophets wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 16 31 n9s4 figs-hypo οὐδ’ ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ, πεισθήσονται 1 neither will they be persuaded if someone would rise from the dead Abraham states what would happen if the hypothetical situation occurred. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "neither will a person who comes back from the dead be able to convince them" or "they will not believe even if a person comes back from the dead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 16 31 gf1b ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ 1 would rise from the dead The words "from the dead" speak of all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them is to become alive again.
LUK 17 intro c4am 0 # Luke 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Old Testament Examples<br><br>Jesus used the lives of Noah and of Lot to teach his followers. Noah was ready for the flood when it came, and they needed to be ready for him to return, because he would not warn them when he came. Lot's wife loved the evil city she had been living in so much that God also punished her when he destroyed it, and they needed to love Jesus more than anything else,<br><br>Those who read your translation may need help so they can understand what Jesus was teaching here.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Hypothetical situations<br><br>Hypothetical situations are situations that have not actually happened. Jesus used a special type of hypothetical situation to teach that what will happen to those who cause others to sin will be worse than being drowned ([Luke 19:1-2](./01.md)) and another to scold the disciples because they had little faith ([Luke 19:6](../../luk/19/06.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>Jesus asked his disciples three questions ([Luke 17:7-9](./07.md)) to teach them that even those who serve him well are righteous only because of his grace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### "Son of Man"<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the "Son of Man" in this chapter ([Luke 17:22](../../luk/17/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: "Whoever seeks to gain his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life will save it" ([Luke 17:33](../../luk/17/33.md)).<br>
@ -2086,7 +2086,7 @@ LUK 17 5 s4dy 0 General Information: There is a brief break in Jesus' teaching
LUK 17 5 pji3 πρόσθες ἡμῖν πίστιν 1 Increase our faith "Please give us more faith" or "Please add more faith to our faith"
LUK 17 6 ep7z figs-simile εἰ ἔχετε πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως, ἐλέγετε ἂν 1 If you had faith like a mustard seed, you would say A mustard seed is a very small seed. Jesus implies that they do not have even a small amount of faith. Alternate translation: "If you had faith that was even as small as a mustard seed, you" or "Your faith is not as big as a mustard seed—but if it were, you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 17 6 i31l translate-unknown συκαμίνῳ 1 mulberry tree If this type of tree is not familiar, it may be helpful to substitute another type of tree. Alternate translation: "fig tree" or "tree" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK 17 6 ky7z figs-activepassive ἐκριζώθητι‘ καὶ φυτεύθητι ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ 1 Be uprooted, and be planted in the sea These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Uproot yourself and plant yourself in the sea" or "Take your roots out of the ground, and put your roots down into the ocean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 17 6 ky7z figs-activepassive ἐκριζώθητι καὶ φυτεύθητι ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ 1 Be uprooted, and be planted in the sea These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Uproot yourself and plant yourself in the sea" or "Take your roots out of the ground, and put your roots down into the ocean" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 17 6 g53n ὑπήκουσεν ἂν ὑμῖν 1 it would obey you "the tree would obey you." This result is conditional. It would happen only if they had faith.
LUK 17 7 dk3q figs-rquestion τίς δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν ... ἐρεῖ ... ἀνάπεσε? 1 But which of you ... will say ... recline at table'? Jesus asks his disciples a question to help them think about the role of a servant. This could be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: "But none of you who ... sheep would say ... sit down to eat.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 17 7 va34 δοῦλον ... ἀροτριῶντα ἢ ποιμαίνοντα 1 a servant plowing or keeping sheep "a servant that plows your field or takes care of your sheep"
@ -2099,7 +2099,7 @@ LUK 17 9 a1fm figs-activepassive τὰ διαταχθέντα 1 the things that
LUK 17 9 qs51 μὴ ... φονεύσῃς 1 does not ... does he? "right?" or "is this not true?"
LUK 17 10 kze9 figs-you καὶ ὑμεῖς 1 you also Jesus was speaking to his disciples, so languages that have a plural form of "you" would use it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK 17 10 ub27 figs-activepassive τὰ διαταχθέντα ὑμῖν 1 the things that you were commanded This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God has commanded you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 17 10 dga7 figs-hyperbole δοῦλοι‘ ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν 1 We are unworthy servants This is an exaggeration to express that they did not do anything worthy of praise. Alternate translation: "We are ordinary slaves" or "We servants do not deserve your praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK 17 10 dga7 figs-hyperbole δοῦλοι ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν 1 We are unworthy servants This is an exaggeration to express that they did not do anything worthy of praise. Alternate translation: "We are ordinary slaves" or "We servants do not deserve your praise" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK 17 11 zv5b writing-background 0 General Information: Jesus heals 10 men of leprosy. Verses 11 and 12 give background information and the setting of the event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK 17 11 g442 writing-newevent καὶ ἐγένετο 1 Now it came about that This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK 17 11 f5rk ἐν τῷ πορεύεσθαι εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ 1 as he went up to Jerusalem "as Jesus and the disciples were traveling to Jerusalem"
@ -2132,7 +2132,7 @@ LUK 17 22 v2i3 ἐπιθυμήσετε ... ἰδεῖν 1 you will desire to se
LUK 17 22 ly8x figs-explicit μίαν τῶν ἡμερῶν τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 one of the days of the Son of Man This refers to the kingdom of God. Alternate translation: "one of the days when the Son of Man will rule as king" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 17 22 z11c figs-123person τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 the Son of Man Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 17 22 x7sq καὶ οὐκ ὄψεσθε 1 but you will not see it "you will not experience it"
LUK 17 23 dp8g figs-explicit ἰδοὺ‘, ἐκεῖ’, ἤ, ἰδοὺ‘, ὧδε’ 1 'Look, there!' or'Look, here!' This refers to seeking the Messiah. Alternate translation: "Look, the Messiah is over there! He is over here!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 17 23 dp8g figs-explicit ἰδοὺ, ἐκεῖ, ἤ, ἰδοὺ, ὧδε 1 'Look, there!' or'Look, here!' This refers to seeking the Messiah. Alternate translation: "Look, the Messiah is over there! He is over here!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 17 23 kjy2 figs-explicit μὴ ἀπέλθητε μηδὲ διώξητε 1 do not go out or run after them The purpose of going out can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "do not go with them to look" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 17 24 i5rz figs-simile ὥσπερ γὰρ ἡ ἀστραπὴ ἀστράπτουσα ... λάμπει 1 for as the flashing lightning shines The coming of the Son of Man will be clear and sudden, like the appearance of lightning. Alternate translation: "for as the lightning is visible to everyone when it appears and" or "for as the lightning appears suddenly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK 17 24 h9tv figs-explicit οὕτως ἔσται ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 so will the Son of Man be This refers to the future kingdom of God. Alternate translation: "it will be like that on the day when the Son of Man comes to reign" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -2178,7 +2178,7 @@ LUK 18 2 d77j ἄνθρωπον μὴ ἐντρεπόμενος 1 did not respe
LUK 18 3 ie2v writing-participants χήρα δὲ ἦν 1 Now there was a widow Jesus uses this phrase to introduce a new character to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK 18 3 jhk6 χήρα 1 a widow A widow is a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried. Jesus' hearers would have thought of her as a person who had no one to protect her from those who wanted to harm her.
LUK 18 3 xfg3 ἤρχετο πρὸς αὐτὸν 1 she came often to him The word "him" refers to the judge.
LUK 18 3 kj2l ἐκδίκησόν‘ με ἀπὸ 1 Give justice to me against "Give me a just ruling against"
LUK 18 3 kj2l ἐκδίκησόν με ἀπὸ 1 Give justice to me against "Give me a just ruling against"
LUK 18 3 xc7k τοῦ ἀντιδίκου μου 1 my opponent "my enemy" or "the person who is trying to harm me." This is an opponent in a lawsuit. It is not clear whether the widow is suing the man or the man is suing the widow.
LUK 18 4 bh3q figs-gendernotations ἄνθρωπον 1 man This refers here to "people" in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK 18 5 v9uu παρέχειν μοι κόπον 1 causes me trouble "bothers me"
@ -2330,8 +2330,8 @@ LUK 19 17 n5at εὖ 1 Well done "You have done well." Your language may have a
LUK 19 17 t6zk ἐλαχίστῳ 1 very little This refers to the one mina, which the nobleman apparently did not consider to be a lot of money.
LUK 19 18 zsr1 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK 19 18 ic7p translate-ordinal ὁ δεύτερος 1 The second "The second servant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK 19 18 irh6 figs-explicit ἡ‘ μνᾶ σου, Κύριε, ἐποίησεν πέντε μνᾶς 1 Your mina, master, has made five minas It is implied that the servant was the one who caused the profit. Alternate translation: "Lord, I used your mina to make a profit of five more minas" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 19 18 d811 translate-bweight ἡ‘ μνᾶ 1 mina A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages, what people would be paid for about four months' work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
LUK 19 18 irh6 figs-explicit ἡ μνᾶ σου, Κύριε, ἐποίησεν πέντε μνᾶς 1 Your mina, master, has made five minas It is implied that the servant was the one who caused the profit. Alternate translation: "Lord, I used your mina to make a profit of five more minas" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 19 18 d811 translate-bweight ἡ μνᾶ 1 mina A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days' wages, what people would be paid for about four months' work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
LUK 19 19 jxa9 σὺ ἐπάνω γίνου πέντε πόλεων 1 you will be over five cities "You will have authority over five cities"
LUK 19 20 h937 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK 19 20 n71e ὁ ἕτερος ἦλθεν 1 the other came "Another servant came"
@ -2341,7 +2341,7 @@ LUK 19 21 w5yw ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρὸς 1 a demanding man "a stern
LUK 19 21 a6ja figs-metaphor αἴρεις ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκας 1 You take up what you did not put down This was probably a proverb. A person who takes out of storage or out of a bank things that he did not put in is a metaphor for someone who benefits from other people's hard work. Alternate translation: "You take out what you did not put in" or "You are like a person how takes out what other people put in" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 19 21 mi5b figs-metaphor θερίζεις ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρας 1 you reap what you did not sow This was probably a proverb. A person who harvests food that someone else has planted is a metaphor for someone who benefits from other people's hard work. Alternate translation: "you are like a person who reaps the fruit of what other people sowed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 19 22 q2k2 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK 19 22 wt8q figs-metonymy ἐκ‘ τοῦ στόματός σου 1 By your mouth His "words" refer to all that he had said. Alternate translation: "Based on what you have said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 19 22 wt8q figs-metonymy ἐκ τοῦ στόματός σου 1 By your mouth His "words" refer to all that he had said. Alternate translation: "Based on what you have said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 19 22 xga8 ᾔδεις ὅτι ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρός εἰμι 1 Did you know that I am a demanding man The nobleman was repeating what the servant had said about him. He was not saying that it was true. Alternate translation: "You say that I am a demanding person"
LUK 19 23 spx7 figs-rquestion διὰ τί οὐκ ἔδωκάς μου τὸ ἀργύριον ... σὺν τόκῳ ἂν αὐτὸ ἔπραξα? 1 why did you not put the money ... I would have collected it with interest? The nobleman uses a question to rebuke the wicked servant. Alternate translation: "you should have put my money ... interest." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 19 23 e1yh ἔδωκάς ... τὸ ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν 1 put the money in a bank "lent my money to a bank." Cultures that do not have banks might translate it as "let someone borrow my money."
LUK 19 30 qq5c πῶλον 1 a colt "a young donkey" or "a young riding animal"
LUK 19 30 w1yp figs-activepassive ἐφ’ ὃν οὐδεὶς πώποτε ἀνθρώπων ἐκάθισεν 1 on which no man has ever sat This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that no one has ever ridden" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 19 31 px4k figs-hypo καὶ ἐάν τις ὑμᾶς ... αὐτοῦ χρείαν ἔχει 1 If anyone asks you ... has need of it Jesus tells the disciples how to answer a question that has not yet been asked. However, people in the village will soon ask the question. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK 19 31 emu8 figs-quotesinquotes καὶ ἐάν τις ὑμᾶς ἐρωτᾷ, διὰ‘ τί λύετε?’ οὕτως ἐρεῖτε 1 If anyone asks you, 'Why are you untying it?' you will say thus The inner quote can also be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "If any one asks you why you are untying it, say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 19 31 emu8 figs-quotesinquotes καὶ ἐάν τις ὑμᾶς ἐρωτᾷ, διὰ τί λύετε? οὕτως ἐρεῖτε 1 If anyone asks you, 'Why are you untying it?' you will say thus The inner quote can also be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "If any one asks you why you are untying it, say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 19 32 hdd8 figs-activepassive οἱ ἀπεσταλμένοι 1 those who were sent This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The two disciples that Jesus sent" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 19 33 biw8 οἱ κύριοι 1 the owners "the owners of the colt"
LUK 19 35 scz2 ἐπιρίψαντες αὐτῶν τὰ ἱμάτια ἐπὶ τὸν πῶλον 1 they threw their cloaks upon the colt "put their robes on the young donkey." Cloaks are outer robes.
LUK 19 37 ba9e ἐγγίζοντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ἤδη 1 Then as he was already coming near "As Jesus was going near." Jesus' disciples were traveling with him.
LUK 19 37 t4nk πρὸς τῇ καταβάσει τοῦ Ὄρους τῶν Ἐλαιῶν 1 to the descent of the Mount of Olives "where the road goes down from the Mount of Olives"
LUK 19 37 m8hn ὧν εἶδον δυνάμεων 1 mighty works which they had seen "great things they had seen Jesus do"
LUK 19 38 x7wk εὐλογημένος‘ ὁ ... βασιλεὺς 1 Blessed is the king They were saying this about Jesus.
LUK 19 38 x7wk εὐλογημένος ὁ ... βασιλεὺς 1 Blessed is the king They were saying this about Jesus.
LUK 19 38 nsg4 figs-metonymy ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου 1 in the name of the Lord Here "name" refers to power and authority. Also, "Lord" refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 19 38 d7b4 ἐν οὐρανῷ εἰρήνη 1 Peace in heaven "May there be peace in heaven" or "We want to see peace in heaven"
LUK 19 38 vb29 figs-metonymy δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις 1 glory in the highest "May there be glory in the highest" or "We want to see glory in the highest." The words "the highest" refer to heaven, which is a metonym for God, who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: "Let everyone give glory to God in the highest heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 19 45 j6ce figs-explicit καὶ εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1 entered the temple Only priests were allowed to enter the temple building. Alternate translation: "went into the temple courtyard" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 19 45 py1x ἐκβάλλειν 1 to cast out "throw out" or "force out"
LUK 19 46 v81e figs-activepassive γέγραπται 1 It is written This is a quotation from Isaiah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The scriptures say" or "A prophet wrote these words in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 19 46 uvf7 ὁ‘ οἶκός μου 1 My house The word "My" refers to God and "house" refers to the temple.
LUK 19 46 uvf7 ὁ οἶκός μου 1 My house The word "My" refers to God and "house" refers to the temple.
LUK 19 46 wac1 οἶκος προσευχῆς 1 a house of prayer "a place where people pray to me"
LUK 19 46 ba8w figs-metaphor σπήλαιον‘ λῃστῶν 1 a den of robbers Jesus speaks of the temple as if it were a place where thieves come together. Alternate translation: "a place where thieves hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 19 46 ba8w figs-metaphor σπήλαιον λῃστῶν 1 a den of robbers Jesus speaks of the temple as if it were a place where thieves come together. Alternate translation: "a place where thieves hide" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 19 47 mn6e writing-endofstory 0 Connecting Statement: This is the end of this part of the story. These verses tell about ongoing action that continues after the main part of the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK 19 47 z2n8 ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ 1 in the temple "in the temple courtyard" or "at the temple"
LUK 19 48 pnf9 ἐξεκρέμετο αὐτοῦ ἀκούων 1 were listening, hanging on to his words "were paying close attention to what Jesus was saying"
LUK 20 4 z7cg figs-metonymy ἐξ οὐρανοῦ 1 from heaven "from God." Jewish people avoided referring to God by his name "Yahweh." Often they used the word "heaven" to refer to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 20 5 mn6x οἱ ... συνελογίσαντο 1 they reasoned "They discussed" or "They considered their answer"
LUK 20 5 a3r8 πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς 1 among themselves "among themselves" or "with each other"
LUK 20 5 z599 figs-quotations ἐὰν εἴπωμεν, ἐξ‘ οὐρανοῦ’, ἐρεῖ 1 If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "If we say that John's authority is from heaven, he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 20 5 m4l7 figs-metonymy ἐξ‘ οὐρανοῦ 1 From heaven "From God." Jewish people avoided referring to God by his name "Yahweh." Often they used the word "heaven" to refer to him. See how these words are translated in [Luke 20:4](../20/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 20 5 z599 figs-quotations ἐὰν εἴπωμεν, ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐρεῖ 1 If we say, 'From heaven,' he will say Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "If we say that John's authority is from heaven, he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 20 5 m4l7 figs-metonymy ἐξ οὐρανοῦ 1 From heaven "From God." Jewish people avoided referring to God by his name "Yahweh." Often they used the word "heaven" to refer to him. See how these words are translated in [Luke 20:4](../20/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 20 5 fwa2 ἐρεῖ 1 he will say "Jesus will say"
LUK 20 6 e9ps figs-quotations ἐὰν ... εἴπωμεν, ἐξ‘ ἀνθρώπων 1 if we say, 'From men,' Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "if we say that John's authority is from men," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 20 6 e9ps figs-quotations ἐὰν ... εἴπωμεν, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων 1 if we say, 'From men,' Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "if we say that John's authority is from men," (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 20 6 nns5 figs-explicit καταλιθάσει ἡμᾶς 1 will stone us "kill us by throwing stones on us." God's Law commanded that his people stone those of his people who mocked him or his prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 20 7 ia28 καὶ ἀπεκρίθησαν 1 So they answered that "So the chief priests, scribes and elders answered." The word "so" marks an event that happened because of something else that happened first. In this case, they had reasoned with themselves ([Luke 20:5-6](./05.md)), and they did not have an answer they wanted to say.
LUK 20 7 w2bc figs-quotations ἀπεκρίθησαν, μὴ εἰδέναι πόθεν 1 they answered that they did not know where it was from. This could be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: "they said, 'We do not know where it came from.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
@ -2444,7 +2444,7 @@ LUK 20 11 vxh2 figs-metaphor ἐξαπέστειλαν κενόν 1 sent him awa
LUK 20 12 lr3h translate-ordinal τρίτον 1 a third "even a third servant" or "yet another servant." The word "yet" hints at the fact that the landowner should not have had to send the second servant, but he went beyond that and sent a third servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK 20 12 ub4g τοῦτον τραυματίσαντες 1 wounded that one "injured that servant"
LUK 20 12 h32a ἐξέβαλον 1 threw him out "threw him out of the vineyard"
LUK 20 13 kt8i figs-rquestion τί‘ ποιήσω? 1 What should I do? This question emphasizes that the vineyard owner thought carefully about what he was going to do. Alternate translation: "Here is what I will do:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 20 13 kt8i figs-rquestion τί ποιήσω? 1 What should I do? This question emphasizes that the vineyard owner thought carefully about what he was going to do. Alternate translation: "Here is what I will do:" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 20 14 ib2b ἰδόντες ... αὐτὸν, οἱ γεωργοὶ 1 when the vine growers saw him "when the farmers saw the owner's son"
LUK 20 14 rvi4 ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτόν 1 Let us kill him They were not asking permission. The said this to encourage each other to kill the heir.
LUK 20 15 u7us 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes telling his parable to the crowd.
LUK 20 16 k18g μὴ γένοιτο! 1 May it never be! "May it never happen"
LUK 20 17 ne1d 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues teaching the crowd.
LUK 20 17 qtb7 ὁ δὲ ἐμβλέψας αὐτοῖς 1 But Jesus looked at them "But Jesus stared at them" or "But he looked straight at them." He did this to hold them accountable to understand what he was saying.
LUK 20 17 rf5f figs-rquestion τί οὖν ἐστιν τὸ γεγραμμένον τοῦτο, λίθον‘ ... κεφαλὴν γωνίας’ ? 1 What then is this that is written: 'The stone ... the cornerstone'? Jesus uses a question to teach the crowd. Alternate translation: "You should be able to understand that which is written: 'The stone ... cornerstone.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 20 17 rf5f figs-rquestion τί οὖν ἐστιν τὸ γεγραμμένον τοῦτο, λίθον ... κεφαλὴν γωνίας ? 1 What then is this that is written: 'The stone ... the cornerstone'? Jesus uses a question to teach the crowd. Alternate translation: "You should be able to understand that which is written: 'The stone ... cornerstone.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 20 17 l6l3 γεγραμμένον τοῦτο 1 this that is written "this scripture"
LUK 20 17 a5kc figs-metaphor λίθον‘ ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone This is the first of three metaphors in a prophecy from the book of Psalms. This one refers to the Messiah as if he were a stone that builders chose not to use, but that God made the most important stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 20 17 bd2f λίθον‘ ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες 1 The stone that the builders rejected "The stone that the builders said was not good enough to use for building." In those days people used stones to build the walls of houses and other buildings.
LUK 20 17 a5kc figs-metaphor λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone This is the first of three metaphors in a prophecy from the book of Psalms. This one refers to the Messiah as if he were a stone that builders chose not to use, but that God made the most important stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 20 17 bd2f λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες 1 The stone that the builders rejected "The stone that the builders said was not good enough to use for building." In those days people used stones to build the walls of houses and other buildings.
LUK 20 17 w9b8 οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες 1 the builders This refers to the religious rulers who are rejecting Jesus as Messiah.
LUK 20 17 bh2r κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 the cornerstone "the chief stone of the building" or "the most important stone of the building"
LUK 20 18 d7n2 figs-metaphor πᾶς ὁ πεσὼν ... συνθλασθήσεται 1 Every one who falls ... broken to pieces This second metaphor speaks of people who reject the Messiah as if they fall over a stone and are injured. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 20 26 yc1y καὶ θαυμάσαντες ἐπὶ τῇ ἀποκρίσει αὐτοῦ, ἐσίγησαν 1 but marveling at his answer, they were silent "but they were amazed at his answer and did not say anything"
LUK 20 27 c6s4 0 General Information: We do not know where this takes place, though it possibly took place in the temple courtyard. Jesus is talking with some Sadducees.
LUK 20 27 f9e3 figs-distinguish οἱ, λέγοντες ἀνάστασιν μὴ εἶναι 1 the ones who say that there is no resurrection This phrase identifies the Sadducees as being the group of Jews that say that no one would rise from the dead. It does not imply that some Sadducees believed that there is a resurrection and some did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
LUK 20 28 d6yl ἐάν‘ τινος ἀδελφὸς ἀποθάνῃ ἔχων γυναῖκα, καὶ οὗτος ἄτεκνος ᾖ 1 if anyone's brother dies having a wife, and he is childless "if a man's brother dies when he has a wife but does not have children"
LUK 20 28 d6yl ἐάν τινος ἀδελφὸς ἀποθάνῃ ἔχων γυναῖκα, καὶ οὗτος ἄτεκνος ᾖ 1 if anyone's brother dies having a wife, and he is childless "if a man's brother dies when he has a wife but does not have children"
LUK 20 28 sjt5 ἵνα λάβῃ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν γυναῖκα 1 that his brother should take his wife "the man should marry his dead brother's widow"
LUK 20 28 pn1c figs-explicit ἐξαναστήσῃ σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ 1 raise up offspring for his brother The Jews considered the first son born to a woman who married her dead husband's brother as if he were the son of the woman's first husband. This son inherited the property of his mother's first husband and carried on his name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 20 29 e1b5 0 General Information: The Sadducees tell Jesus a short story in verses 29-32. This is a story they made up as an example. In verse 33, they ask Jesus a question about the story they told.
LUK 20 37 j8z5 figs-activepassive ἐγείρονται οἱ νεκροὶ 1 the dead are raised This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God causes the dead to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 20 37 n82t figs-explicit ἐπὶ τῆς βάτου 1 at the bush "in the part of scripture where he wrote about the burning bush" or "in the scripture about the burning bush" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 20 37 nx7f ὡς λέγει Κύριον 1 where he calls the Lord "where Moses called the Lord"
LUK 20 37 pqm8 τὸν‘ Θεὸν Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰακώβ 1 the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jaco "the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob." They all worshiped the same God.
LUK 20 37 pqm8 τὸν Θεὸν Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰακώβ 1 the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jaco "the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob." They all worshiped the same God.
LUK 20 38 tdq7 δὲ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Jesus explains how this story proves that people rise from the dead.
LUK 20 38 u1y5 figs-parallelism Θεὸς ... οὐκ ἔστιν νεκρῶν, ἀλλὰ ζώντων 1 he is not the God of the dead, but of the living These two sentences have similar meaning said twice for emphasis. Some languages have different ways of showing emphasis. Alternate translation: "the Lord is the God of living people only" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK 20 38 dxi9 figs-explicit ἀλλὰ ζώντων 1 but of the living "but the God of living people." Since these people died physically, they must still be alive spiritually. Alternate translation: "but the God of people whose spirits are alive, even though their bodies may have died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@ -2530,11 +2530,11 @@ LUK 20 41 t981 0 General Information: Jesus asks the scribes a question.
LUK 20 41 mda6 figs-rquestion πῶς λέγουσιν ... Δαυεὶδ Υἱόν? 1 How do they say ... David's son? "Why do they say ... son?" Jesus uses a question to make the scribes think about who the Messiah is. Alternate translation: "Let's think about them saying ... son." or "I will talk about them saying ... son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 20 41 sq2g figs-explicit λέγουσιν 1 they say The prophets, the religious rulers, and the Jewish people in general knew that the Messiah was the son of David. Alternate translation: "everyone says" or "people say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 20 41 b7rb figs-synecdoche Δαυεὶδ Υἱόν 1 David's son "King David's descendant." The word "son" is used here to refer to a descendant. In this case it refers to the one who would reign over God's kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK 20 42 h2al εἶπεν‘ ὁ Κύριος τῷ Κυρίῳ μου 1 The Lord said to my Lord This is a quotation from the book of Psalms which says "Yahweh said to my Lord." But the Jews stopped saying "Yahweh" and often said "Lord" instead. Alternate translation: "The Lord God said to my Lord" or "God said to my Lord"
LUK 20 42 h2al εἶπεν ὁ Κύριος τῷ Κυρίῳ μου 1 The Lord said to my Lord This is a quotation from the book of Psalms which says "Yahweh said to my Lord." But the Jews stopped saying "Yahweh" and often said "Lord" instead. Alternate translation: "The Lord God said to my Lord" or "God said to my Lord"
LUK 20 42 e1i2 Κυρίῳ μου 1 my Lord David was referring to the Christ as "my Lord."
LUK 20 42 pse3 translate-symaction κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου 1 Sit at my right hand To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "Sit in the place of honor beside me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK 20 43 fl1h figs-metaphor ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου 1 until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet The Messiah's enemies are spoken of as if they were furniture on which he would rest his feet. This was an image of submission. Alternate translation: "until I make your enemies like a footstool for you" or "until I conquer your enemies for you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK 20 44 zk2h figs-explicit Δαυεὶδ οὖν, Κύριον‘’, αὐτὸν καλεῖ 1 David therefore calls him 'Lord' In the culture of that time, a father was more respected than a son. David's us of the title 'Lord' for the Christ implies that he was greater than David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 20 44 zk2h figs-explicit Δαυεὶδ οὖν, Κύριον, αὐτὸν καλεῖ 1 David therefore calls him 'Lord' In the culture of that time, a father was more respected than a son. David's us of the title 'Lord' for the Christ implies that he was greater than David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 20 44 k1tp figs-rquestion καὶ πῶς υἱός αὐτοῦ ἐστιν 1 so how is he his son? "so how can the Christ be David's son?" This can be a statement. Alternate translation: "this shows that the Christ is not merely David's descendant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK 20 45 k3pf 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus now directs his attention to his disciples and speaks mainly to them.
LUK 20 46 m2yu προσέχετε ἀπὸ 1 Beware of "Be on guard against"
@ -2564,7 +2564,7 @@ LUK 21 7 rix4 ἐπηρώτησαν ... αὐτὸν 1 they asked him "the disc
LUK 21 7 a11j ταῦτα 1 these things This refers to what Jesus has just said about enemies destroying the temple.
LUK 21 8 vu18 figs-you μὴ πλανηθῆτε 1 you are not deceived Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word "you" is plural. Alternate translation: "that you do not believe lies" or "that no one deceives you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 21 8 f1ed figs-metonymy ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου 1 in my name People coming in his name claim to represent him. Alternate translation: "claiming to be me" or "claiming to have my authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 21 8 h6zp ἐγώ‘ εἰμι 1 I am he "I am the Christ" or "I am the Messiah"
LUK 21 8 h6zp ἐγώ εἰμι 1 I am he "I am the Christ" or "I am the Messiah"
LUK 21 8 sls1 μὴ πορευθῆτε ὀπίσω αὐτῶν 1 Do not go after them "Do not believe them" or "Do not become their disciples"
LUK 21 9 p5w5 πολέμους καὶ ἀκαταστασίας 1 wars and riots Here "wars" probably refers to fighting between countries, and "riots" probably refers to people fighting against their own leaders or against others in their country. Alternate translation: "wars and rebellions" or "wars and revolutions"
LUK 21 9 eze2 μὴ πτοηθῆτε 1 do not be terrified "do not let these things terrify you" or "do not be afraid"
@ -2618,7 +2618,7 @@ LUK 21 25 bza4 συνοχὴ ἐθνῶν 1 the nations will be distressed Here
LUK 21 25 sz1c συνοχὴ ἐθνῶν, ἐν ἀπορίᾳ ἤχους θαλάσσης καὶ σάλου 1 will be distressed and anxious at the roaring and tossing of the sea "distress because they will be anxious about the roar of the sea and its waves" or "distress, and the loud noise of the sea and its rough movements will frighten them." This seems to refer to unusual storms or disasters involving the seas.
LUK 21 26 az37 τῶν ἐπερχομένων τῇ οἰκουμένῃ 1 the things which are coming upon the world "the things that will happen in the world" or "the things that will happen to the world"
LUK 21 26 wn9g figs-activepassive αἱ ... δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν σαλευθήσονται 1 the powers of the heavens will be shaken This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) that God will shake the sun moon and stars so they do not move in their normal way or 2) God will trouble the powerful spirits in the heavens. The first is recommended. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 21 27 k9pr figs-123person τὸν‘ Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου, ἐρχόμενον 1 the Son of Man coming Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "me, the Son Man, coming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 21 27 k9pr figs-123person τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου, ἐρχόμενον 1 the Son of Man coming Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: "me, the Son Man, coming" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 21 27 wyj9 ἐρχόμενον ἐν νεφέλῃ 1 coming in a cloud "coming down in a cloud"
LUK 21 27 acp6 μετὰ δυνάμεως καὶ δόξης πολλῆς 1 with power and great glory Here "power" probably refers to his authority to judge the world. Here "glory" may refer to a bright light. God sometimes shows his greatness with a very bright light. Alternate translation: "powerfully and gloriously" or "and he will be powerful and very glorious"
LUK 21 28 mv82 ἀνακύψατε 1 stand up Sometimes when people are afraid, they crouch down in order to avoid being seen or hurt. When they are no longer afraid, they get up. Alternate translation: "stand up with confidence"
@ -2687,7 +2687,7 @@ LUK 22 10 c13w ἰδοὺ 1 Look Jesus used this word to tell them to pay close
LUK 22 10 i45e συναντήσει ὑμῖν ἄνθρωπος, κεράμιον ὕδατος βαστάζων 1 a man bearing a pitcher of water will meet you "you will see a man carrying a pitcher of water"
LUK 22 10 a677 κεράμιον ὕδατος βαστάζων 1 bearing a pitcher of water "carrying a jar with water in it." He probably would be carrying the jar on his shoulder.
LUK 22 10 cc34 ἀκολουθήσατε αὐτῷ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν 1 Follow him into the house "Follow him, and go into the house"
LUK 22 11 khy9 figs-quotations λέγει‘σοι ὁ διδάσκαλος, ποῦ ἐστιν τὸ κατάλυμα, ὅπου τὸ Πάσχα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν μου φάγω? 1 The Teacher says to you, "Where is the guest room, where I will eat the Passover with my disciples?" The quote beginning with "Where is the guest room" is a direct quote of what Jesus, the teacher, wants to say to the master of his house. It can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Our teacher asks where the guest room is in which he will eat the Passover with his disciples." or "Our teacher says to show us the guest room where he will eat the Passover with us and the rest of his disciples." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 22 11 khy9 figs-quotations λέγει σοι ὁ διδάσκαλος, ποῦ ἐστιν τὸ κατάλυμα, ὅπου τὸ Πάσχα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν μου φάγω? 1 The Teacher says to you, "Where is the guest room, where I will eat the Passover with my disciples?" The quote beginning with "Where is the guest room" is a direct quote of what Jesus, the teacher, wants to say to the master of his house. It can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "Our teacher asks where the guest room is in which he will eat the Passover with his disciples." or "Our teacher says to show us the guest room where he will eat the Passover with us and the rest of his disciples." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 22 11 iv6f ὁ διδάσκαλος 1 The Teacher This refers to Jesus.
LUK 22 11 pq8q τὸ Πάσχα ... φάγω 1 I will eat the Passover "eat the Passover meal"
LUK 22 12 ypk9 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues giving instructions to Peter and John.
LUK 22 69 xsz9 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues speaking to the council.
LUK 22 69 z3ea ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν 1 from now on "from this day" or "starting from today"
LUK 22 69 p8kt figs-123person ἔσται ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου 1 the Son of Man will be Jesus uses this phrase to refer to himself. Alternate translation: "I, the Son of Man, will" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK 22 69 nka9 translate-symaction καθήμενος‘ ἐκ δεξιῶν’ τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 seated at the right hand of the power of God To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "seated in the place of honor beside the power of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK 22 69 nka9 translate-symaction καθήμενος ἐκ δεξιῶν τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 seated at the right hand of the power of God To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "seated in the place of honor beside the power of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK 22 69 h4n3 figs-metonymy τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the power of God "the all-powerful God." Here "power" refers to his supreme authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 22 70 udh2 figs-explicit σὺ οὖν εἶ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Then you are the Son of God? The council asked this question because they wanted Jesus to explicitly confirm their understanding that he was saying he was the Son of God. Alternate translation: "So when you said that, did you mean that you are the Son of God?" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK 22 70 l4j7 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Son of God This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
@ -2980,7 +2980,7 @@ LUK 23 45 ssh2 τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ 1 the curtain of
LUK 23 45 ah4k figs-activepassive ἐσχίσθη δὲ τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον 1 the curtain of the temple was torn in two "the curtain of the temple was torn into two pieces." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God tore the temple curtain into two pieces from the top to the bottom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 23 46 z1fq φωνήσας φωνῇ μεγάλῃ 1 crying out with a loud voice "Shouting loudly." It may be helpful to show how this is related to the events of the previous verses. Alternate translation: "When that happened, Jesus shouted loudly"
LUK 23 46 r4ub guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Πάτερ 1 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK 23 46 mix5 figs-metonymy εἰς‘ χεῖράς σου παρατίθεμαι τὸ Πνεῦμά μου 1 into your hands I commit my spirit "The phrase "into your hands" refers to God's care. Alternate translation: "I entrust my spirit to your care" or "I give my spirit to you, knowing you will care for it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 23 46 mix5 figs-metonymy εἰς χεῖράς σου παρατίθεμαι τὸ Πνεῦμά μου 1 into your hands I commit my spirit "The phrase "into your hands" refers to God's care. Alternate translation: "I entrust my spirit to your care" or "I give my spirit to you, knowing you will care for it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 23 46 k5rv τοῦτο δὲ εἰπὼν 1 Now having said this "After Jesus said this"
LUK 23 46 bd6y ἐξέπνευσεν 1 he breathed his last "Jesus died"
LUK 23 47 p6lh ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης 1 the centurion This was the title for the Roman officer who was in charge of the other Roman soldiers. He supervised the crucifixion.
@ -3033,8 +3033,8 @@ LUK 24 6 q7zg 0 Connecting Statement: The angels finish speaking to the women.
LUK 24 6 awf1 figs-activepassive ἀλλὰ ἠγέρθη 1 but has been raised "but he has been made alive again." "Raised" here is an idiom for "caused to live again." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because God has made him alive again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK 24 6 rt89 figs-you ὑμῖν 1 to you The word "you" is plural. It refers to the women and possibly the other disciples in addition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK 24 7 sj3u figs-quotations τὸν‘ Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ὅτι 1 that the Son of Man This is the beginning of an indirect quote. It can also be translated with a direct quote as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 24 7 pl6b figs-activepassive τὸν‘ Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ... δεῖ παραδοθῆναι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων ἁμαρτωλῶν, καὶ σταυρωθῆναι 1 the Son of Man must be delivered up into the hands of sinful men and be crucified The phrase "must be" means this is something that would certainly happen because God had already decided that it would happen. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was necessary that they hand the Son of Man over to sinful men who would crucify him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 24 7 sj3u figs-quotations τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ὅτι 1 that the Son of Man This is the beginning of an indirect quote. It can also be translated with a direct quote as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK 24 7 pl6b figs-activepassive τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ... δεῖ παραδοθῆναι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων ἁμαρτωλῶν, καὶ σταυρωθῆναι 1 the Son of Man must be delivered up into the hands of sinful men and be crucified The phrase "must be" means this is something that would certainly happen because God had already decided that it would happen. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: "it was necessary that they hand the Son of Man over to sinful men who would crucify him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK 24 7 e4ca figs-metonymy εἰς χεῖρας 1 into the hands Here "hands" refers to power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK 24 7 dta4 translate-ordinal τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ 1 on the third day The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the "third day" because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK 24 8 f2k2 0 Connecting Statement: The women go to tell the apostles about what they found at the tomb.
JHN 8 31 iq3z μαθηταί μού 1 my disciples "my followers"
JHN 8 32 esz8 figs-personification ἡ ἀλήθεια ἐλευθερώσει ὑμᾶς 1 the truth will set you free This is personification. Jesus speaks of "the truth" as if it were a person. Alternate translation: "if you obey the truth, God will set you free" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
JHN 8 32 xf9m τὴν ἀλήθειαν 1 the truth This refers to what Jesus reveals about God. Alternate translation: "what is true about God"
JHN 8 33 n34n figs-rquestion πῶς σὺ λέγεις, ὅτι ἐλεύθεροι γενήσεσθε’ 1 how can you say, 'You will be set free'? This remark appears in the form of a question to express the Jewish leaders' shock at what Jesus has said. Alternate translation: "We do not need to be set free!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 8 33 n34n figs-rquestion πῶς σὺ λέγεις, ὅτι ἐλεύθεροι γενήσεσθε 1 how can you say, 'You will be set free'? This remark appears in the form of a question to express the Jewish leaders' shock at what Jesus has said. Alternate translation: "We do not need to be set free!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 8 34 i2pn ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν 1 Truly, truly See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md).
JHN 8 34 jg3z figs-metaphor δοῦλός ἐστιν τῆς ἁμαρτίας 1 is the slave of sin Here the word "slave" is a metaphor. This implies that "sin" is like a master for the one who sins. Alternate translation: "is like a slave to sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 8 35 sg4a figs-metonymy ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ 1 in the house Here "house" is a metonym for "family." Alternate translation: "as a permanent member of a family" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JHN 9 39 te5y figs-metaphor ἵνα οἱ μὴ βλέποντες, βλέπωσιν; καὶ οἱ βλέποντες, τυφλοὶ γένωνται 1 so that those who do not see may see and so that those who see may become blind Here "seeing" and "blindness" are metaphors. Jesus distinguishes between people who are spiritually blind and physically blind. Alternate translation: "so that those who are blind spiritually, but who want to see God, can see him, and those who already falsely think they can see God will remain in their blindness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 9 40 d8mm μὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς τυφλοί ἐσμεν 1 Are we also blind? "Do you think we are spiritually blind?"
JHN 9 41 rh3l figs-metaphor εἰ τυφλοὶ ἦτε, οὐκ ἂν εἴχετε ἁμαρτίαν 1 If you were blind, you would have no sin Here "blindness" is a metaphor for not knowing God's truth. Alternate translation: "If you wanted to know God's truth, you would be able to receive your sight. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 9 41 jmq7 figs-metaphor νῦν δὲ λέγετε, ὅτι βλέπομεν‘’, ἡ ἁμαρτία ὑμῶν μένει 1 but now you say, 'We see,' so your sin remains Here "seeing" is a metaphor for knowing God's truth. Alternate translation: "Since you falsely think that you already know God's truth, you will remain blind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 9 41 jmq7 figs-metaphor νῦν δὲ λέγετε, ὅτι βλέπομεν, ἡ ἁμαρτία ὑμῶν μένει 1 but now you say, 'We see,' so your sin remains Here "seeing" is a metaphor for knowing God's truth. Alternate translation: "Since you falsely think that you already know God's truth, you will remain blind" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 10 intro e8mb 0 # John 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Blasphemy<br><br>When a person claims that he is God or that God has told him to speak when God has not told him to speak, this is called blasphemy. The law of Moses commanded the Israelites to kill blasphemers by stoning them to death. When Jesus said, "I and the Father are one," the Jews thought he was blaspheming, so they took up stones to kill him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>## Important metaphors in this chapter<br><br>### Sheep<br><br>Jesus spoke of people as sheep because sheep do not see well, they do not think well, they often walk away from those who care for them, and they cannot defend themselves when other animals attack them. God's people also rebel against him and do not know when they are doing wrong.<br><br>### Sheep pen<br><br>A sheep pen was a space with a stone wall around it in which shepherds would keep their sheep. Once they were inside the sheep pen, the sheep could not run away, and animals and thieves could not easily get inside to kill or steal them.<br><br>### Laying down and taking up life<br><br>Jesus speaks of his life as if it were a physical object that he could lay down on the ground, a metaphor for dying, or pick up again, a metaphor for becoming alive again.<br>
JHN 10 1 gzd8 figs-parables 0 General Information: Jesus begins to speak in parables. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
JHN 10 1 ab9x 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to speak to the Pharisees. This is the same part of the story which began in [John 9:35](../09/35.md).
JHN 10 34 b3gp θεοί ἐστε 1 You are gods Here Jesus quotes a scripture where God calls his followers "gods," perhaps because he has chosen them to represent him on earth.
JHN 10 35 m8ji figs-metaphor ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐγένετο 1 the word of God came Jesus speaks of God's message as though it were a person who moved toward those who heard it. Alternate translation: "God spoke his message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 10 35 u9j2 οὐ δύναται λυθῆναι ἡ Γραφή 1 the scripture cannot be broken Possible meanings are 1) "no one can change the scripture" or 2) "the scripture will always be true."
JHN 10 36 dvp5 figs-rquestion ὃν ὁ Πατὴρ ἡγίασεν καὶ ἀπέστειλεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον, ὑμεῖς λέγετε, ὅτι βλασφημεῖς‘, ὅτι’ εἶπον, Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰμι 1 do you say to him whom the Father set apart and sent into the world, 'You are blaspheming,' because I said, 'I am the Son of God'? Jesus used this question to rebuke his opponents for saying that he was blaspheming when he called himself "the Son of God." Alternate translation: "you should not say to the very one whom the Father set apart to send into the world, 'You are blaspheming,' when I say that I am the Son of God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 10 36 dvp5 figs-rquestion ὃν ὁ Πατὴρ ἡγίασεν καὶ ἀπέστειλεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον, ὑμεῖς λέγετε, ὅτι βλασφημεῖς, ὅτι εἶπον, Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰμι 1 do you say to him whom the Father set apart and sent into the world, 'You are blaspheming,' because I said, 'I am the Son of God'? Jesus used this question to rebuke his opponents for saying that he was blaspheming when he called himself "the Son of God." Alternate translation: "you should not say to the very one whom the Father set apart to send into the world, 'You are blaspheming,' when I say that I am the Son of God!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 10 36 fj9f βλασφημεῖς 1 You are blaspheming "You are insulting God." Jesus' opponents understood that when said that he is the Son of God, he was implying that he is equal with God.
JHN 10 36 rax1 guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Πατὴρ … Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Father ... Son of God These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
JHN 10 37 wyd2 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus finishes responding to the Jews.
JHN 12 25 mp7b figs-explicit ὁ μισῶν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τούτῳ, εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον φυλάξει αὐτήν 1 he who hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life Here the one who "hates his life" refers to one who loves his own life less than he loves the lives of others. Alternate translation: "whoever considers the lives of others as more important than his own life will live with God forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
JHN 12 26 i8ky figs-explicit ὅπου εἰμὶ ἐγὼ, ἐκεῖ καὶ ὁ διάκονος ὁ ἐμὸς ἔσται 1 where I am, there will my servant also be Jesus implies that those who serve him will be with him in heaven. Alternate translation: "when I am in heaven, my servant will also be there with me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
JHN 12 26 wx3m guidelines-sonofgodprinciples τιμήσει αὐτὸν ὁ Πατήρ 1 the Father will honor him Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
JHN 12 27 ytv9 figs-rquestion τί εἴπω, Πάτερ‘, σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης 1 what should I say? 'Father, save me from this hour'? This remark appears in the form of a rhetorical question. Although Jesus desires to avoid crucifixion, he chooses to be obedient to God and to be killed. Alternate translation: "I will not pray, 'Father, save me from this hour!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 12 27 ytv9 figs-rquestion τί εἴπω, Πάτερ, σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης 1 what should I say? 'Father, save me from this hour'? This remark appears in the form of a rhetorical question. Although Jesus desires to avoid crucifixion, he chooses to be obedient to God and to be killed. Alternate translation: "I will not pray, 'Father, save me from this hour!'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 12 27 bx1j guidelines-sonofgodprinciples Πάτερ 1 Father This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
JHN 12 27 hmv9 figs-metonymy τῆς ὥρας ταύτης 1 this hour Here "this hour" is a metonym that represents when Jesus would suffer and die on the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JHN 12 28 v2fk figs-metonymy δόξασόν σου τὸ ὄνομα 1 glorify your name Here the word "name" is a metonym that refers to God. Alternate translation: "make your glory known" or "reveal your glory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ JHN 13 10 m7vj 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to speak to Simon Pete
JHN 13 10 is57 figs-metaphor ὁ λελουμένος οὐκ ἔχει χρείαν, εἰ μὴ τοὺς πόδας νίψασθαι 1 He who is bathed has no need, except to wash his feet Here "bathed" is a metaphor that means that God has cleansed a person spiritually. Alternate translation: "If anyone has already received God's forgiveness, he now only needs to receive cleansing from his daily sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JHN 13 11 ccz4 figs-explicit οὐχὶ πάντες καθαροί ἐστε 1 Not all of you are clean Jesus implies that the one who will betray him, Judas, has not trusted in him. Therefore God has not forgiven him of his sins. Alternate translation: "Not all of you have received God's forgiveness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
JHN 13 12 p45l figs-rquestion γινώσκετε τί πεποίηκα ὑμῖν 1 Do you know what I have done for you? This remark appears in the form of a question so Jesus can emphasize the importance of what he is teaching his disciples. Alternate translation: "You need to understand what I have done for you!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JHN 13 13 m9z8 figs-explicit ὑμεῖς φωνεῖτέ με ὁ Διδάσκαλος‘’ καὶ, ὁ Κύριος 1 You call me 'teacher' and 'Lord,' Here Jesus implies that his disciples have great respect for him. Alternate translation: "You show me great respect when you call me 'teacher' and 'Lord.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
JHN 13 13 m9z8 figs-explicit ὑμεῖς φωνεῖτέ με ὁ Διδάσκαλος καὶ, ὁ Κύριος 1 You call me 'teacher' and 'Lord,' Here Jesus implies that his disciples have great respect for him. Alternate translation: "You show me great respect when you call me 'teacher' and 'Lord.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
JHN 13 15 pk3l figs-explicit καθὼς ἐγὼ ἐποίησα ὑμῖν, καὶ ὑμεῖς ποιῆτε 1 you should also do just as I did for you Jesus implies that his disciples should be willing to follow his example and serve one another. Alternate translation: "you should also humbly serve each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
JHN 13 16 n5cb 0 Connecting Statement: Jesus continues to speak to his disciples.
JHN 13 16 h6gt ἀμὴν, ἀμὴν 1 Truly, truly See how you translated this in [John 1:51](../01/51.md).
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ACT 2 32 kw6a figs-exclusive 0 General Information: Here, the second word "this" refers to the disciples' speaking in other languages when they received the Holy Spirit. The word "we" refers to the disciples and those that witnessed the risen Jesus after his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
ACT 2 32 udn1 figs-idiom ἀνέστησεν ὁ Θεός 1 God raised him up This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "God caused him to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 2 33 kij2 figs-activepassive τῇ δεξιᾷ ... τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1 having been exalted to the right hand of God This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "because God has exalted Jesus up to his right hand" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
ACT 2 33 c9mr figs-idiom τῇ δεξιᾷ ... τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1 having been exalted to the right hand of God "Right hand of God" here is an idiom that means that Christ will rule as God, with God’s authority. Alternate translation: "Christ is in the position of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 2 33 c9mr figs-idiom τῇ δεξιᾷ ... τοῦ Θεοῦ ὑψωθεὶς 1 having been exalted to the right hand of God "Right hand of God" here is an idiom that means that Christ will rule as God, with God's authority. Alternate translation: "Christ is in the position of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 2 33 c1dr figs-idiom ἐξέχεεν ... ὃ 1 he has poured out what Here the words "poured out" mean that Jesus, who is God, made these events to happen. It is implicit that he does this by giving the Holy Spirit to the believers. Alternate translation: "he has caused to happen these things that" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ACT 2 33 wsg9 figs-idiom ἐξέχεεν 1 poured out Here the words "pour out" mean to give generously and abundantly. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Acts 2:17](../02/17.md). Alternate translation: "given abundantly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 2 34 i8wu 0 General Information: Peter again quotes one of David's Psalms. David is not speaking of himself in this Psalm. "The Lord" and "my" refer to God; "my Lord" and "your" refer to Jesus the Messiah.
ACT 4 10 jyj6 figs-idiom ὃν ὁ Θεὸς ἤγειρεν ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 whom God raised from the dead, Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. Alternate translation: "whom God caused to live again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 4 11 tdw8 figs-inclusive 0 General Information: Here the word "we" refers to Peter as well as those to whom he is speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
ACT 4 11 nwg6 0 Connecting Statement: Peter completes his speech to the Jewish religious rulers that he began in [Acts 4:8](../04/08.md).
ACT 4 11 w195 figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁλίθος ... ὁ γενόμενος εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας’ 1 Jesus Christ is the stone ... which has been made the head cornerstone Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, rejected Jesus, but God will made him the most important in his kingdom, as a cornerstone in a building is important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
ACT 4 11 w195 figs-metaphor οὗτός ἐστιν ὁλίθος ... ὁ γενόμενος εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας 1 Jesus Christ is the stone ... which has been made the head cornerstone Peter is quoting from the Psalms. This is a metaphor that means the religious leaders, like builders, rejected Jesus, but God will made him the most important in his kingdom, as a cornerstone in a building is important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
ACT 4 11 f1nx κεφαλὴν 1 head Here the word "head" means "most important" or "vital."
ACT 4 11 c1bh ὑμῶν, τῶν οἰκοδόμων 1 you as builders despised "you as builders rejected" or "you as builders rejected as worth nothing"
ACT 4 12 tq3z figs-abstractnouns καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ οὐδενὶ 1 There is no salvation in any other person The noun "salvation" can be translated as a verb. This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: "He is the only person who is able to save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ ACT 7 4 pfg3 0 General Information: In verse 4 the words "he," "his," and "hi
ACT 7 4 pfg3 figs-you 0 General Information: Here the word "you" refers to the Jewish council and audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
ACT 7 5 ax1j οὐκ ἔδωκεν ... ἐν αὐτῇ 1 He gave none of it "He did not give any of it"
ACT 7 5 qff6 figs-idiom οὐδὲ βῆμα ποδός 1 enough to set a foot on Possible meanings for this phrase are 1) enough ground to stand on or 2) enough ground to take a step. Alternate translation: "a very tiny piece of ground" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 7 5 u6iw εἰς κατάσχεσιν αὐτὴν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτόν’ 1 as a possession to him and to his descendants after him "for Abraham to own and to give to his descendants"
ACT 7 5 u6iw εἰς κατάσχεσιν αὐτὴν, καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτόν 1 as a possession to him and to his descendants after him "for Abraham to own and to give to his descendants"
ACT 7 6 tn6b ἐλάλησεν ... οὕτως ὁ Θεὸς 1 God was speaking to him like this It may be helpful to state that this occurred later than the statement in the previous verse. Alternate translation: "Later God told Abraham"
ACT 7 6 t1h9 translate-numbers ἔτη τετρακόσια 1 four hundred years "400 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
ACT 7 7 f7fw figs-metonymy τὸ ἔθνος ... κρινῶ ἐγώ 1 I will judge the nation "nation" refers to the people in it. Alternate translation: "I will judge the people of the nation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ ACT 7 17 tuq2 1 As the time of the promise ... the people grew and multiplied
ACT 7 17 tlh9 ἤγγιζεν ὁ χρόνος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας 1 time of the promise approached It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham.
ACT 7 18 whe7 ἀνέστη βασιλεὺς ἕτερος 1 there arose another king "another king began to rule"
ACT 7 18 g2wq figs-metonymy ἐπ’ Αἴγυπτον 1 over Egypt "Egypt" refers to the people of Egypt. Alternate translation: "the people of Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
ACT 7 18 e2y6 figs-metonymy ὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ’ 1 who did not know about Joseph "Joseph" refers to the reputation of Joseph. Alternate translation: "who did not know that Joseph had helped Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
ACT 7 18 e2y6 figs-metonymy ὃς οὐκ ᾔδει τὸν Ἰωσήφ 1 who did not know about Joseph "Joseph" refers to the reputation of Joseph. Alternate translation: "who did not know that Joseph had helped Egypt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
ACT 7 20 q66s writing-participants ἐν ᾧ καιρῷ ἐγεννήθη Μωϋσῆς 1 At that time Moses was born This introduces Moses into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
ACT 7 20 cd5z figs-idiom ἦν ἀστεῖος τῷ Θεῷ 1 very beautiful before God This phrase is an idiom that means Moses was very beautiful. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
ACT 7 20 pnb1 figs-activepassive ἀνετράφη 1 was nourished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his parents nourished him" or "his parents cared for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ ROM 9 24 t8rn ἐκάλεσεν 1 called Here "called" means God has appointed
ROM 9 25 eqc2 0 Connecting Statement: In this section Paul explains how Israel's unbelief as a nation was told ahead of time by the prophet Hosea.
ROM 9 25 ewb4 figs-explicit ὡς καὶ ἐν τῷ Ὡσηὲ λέγει 1 As he says also in Hosea Here "he" refers to God. Alternate translation: "As God says also in the book that Hosea wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
ROM 9 25 m82v translate-names τῷ Ὡσηὲ 1 Hosea Hosea was a prophet. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
ROM 9 25 gi5k καλέσω τὸν οὐ λαόν μου’, λαόν μου 1 I will call my people who were not my people "I will choose for my people those who were not my people"
ROM 9 25 gi5k καλέσω τὸν οὐ λαόν μου, λαόν μου 1 I will call my people who were not my people "I will choose for my people those who were not my people"
ROM 9 25 yy15 figs-activepassive τὴν οὐκ ἠγαπημένην, ἠγαπημένην 1 her beloved who was not beloved Here "her" refers to Hosea's wife, Gomer, who represents the nation of Israel. You can translate this in an active form. Alternate translation: "I will choose her whom I did not love to be one whom I love" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
ROM 9 26 qe9f υἱοὶ Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 sons of the living God The word "living" may refer to the fact that God is the only true God, and not like the false idols. Alternate translation: "children of the true God"
ROM 9 27 zqi1 κράζει 1 cries out "calls out"
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@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNo
2CO 2 13 wq6j ἀλλὰ ἀποταξάμενος αὐτοῖς 1 So I left them "So I left the people of Troas"
2CO 2 14 gpd2 figs-metaphor τῷ ... Θεῷ ..., τῷ πάντοτε θριαμβεύοντι ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ Χριστῷ 1 God, who in Christ always leads us in triumph Paul speaks of God as if he were a victorious general leading a victory parade and of himself and his coworkers as those who take part in that parade. Possible meanings are 1) "God, who in Christ always causes us to share in his triumph" or 2) "God, who in Christ always leads us in triumph as those over whom he as gained victory" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 2 14 l1nr figs-metaphor τὴν ὀσμὴν τῆς γνώσεως αὐτοῦ, φανεροῦντι δι’ ἡμῶν ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ 1 Through us he spreads the sweet aroma of the knowledge of him everywhere Paul speaks of the knowledge of Christ as if it were incense that has a pleasing smell. Alternate translation: "He causes the knowledge of Christ to spread to everyone who hears us, just as the sweet smell of burning incense spreads to everyone near it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 2 14 eq21 φανεροῦντι ...’ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ 1 he spreads ... everywhere "he spreads ... everywhere we go"
2CO 2 14 eq21 φανεροῦντι ...ἐν παντὶ τόπῳ 1 he spreads ... everywhere "he spreads ... everywhere we go"
2CO 2 15 x6nn figs-metaphor Χριστοῦ εὐωδία ἐσμὲν τῷ Θεῷ 1 we are to God the sweet aroma of Christ Paul speaks of his ministry as if it were a burnt offering that someone offers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2CO 2 15 b1k1 Χριστοῦ εὐωδία ἐσμὲν τῷ Θεῷ 1 the sweet aroma of Christ Possible meanings are 1) "the sweet aroma which is the knowledge of Christ" or 2) "the sweet aroma that Christ offers."
2CO 2 15 itc8 figs-activepassive τοῖς σῳζομένοις 1 those who are saved This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God has saved" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ HEB 3 9 i3wb figs-you οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν 1 your ancestors Here "you
HEB 3 9 q7c2 ἐν δοκιμασίᾳ 1 by testing me Here "me" refers to God.
HEB 3 10 we42 translate-numbers τεσσεράκοντα ἔτη 1 forty years "40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
HEB 3 10 upb8 προσώχθισα 1 I was displeased "I was angry" or "I was greatly unhappy"
HEB 3 10 kh4v figs-metaphor ἀεὶ‘ πλανῶνται τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 They have always gone astray in their hearts Here "gone astray in their hearts" is a metaphor for not being loyal to God. Here "hearts" is a metonym for minds or desires. Alternate translation: "They have always rejected me" or "They have always refused to obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB 3 10 kh4v figs-metaphor ἀεὶ πλανῶνται τῇ καρδίᾳ 1 They have always gone astray in their hearts Here "gone astray in their hearts" is a metaphor for not being loyal to God. Here "hearts" is a metonym for minds or desires. Alternate translation: "They have always rejected me" or "They have always refused to obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB 3 10 l5t7 figs-metaphor οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὰς ὁδούς μου 1 They have not known my ways This speaks of a manner of conducting one's life as if it were a way or a path. Alternate translation: "They have not understood how I want them to conduct their lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 3 11 tz3l figs-metaphor εἰ‘ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "I will never allow them to experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 3 11 tz3l figs-metaphor εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "I will never allow them to experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 3 12 gv84 figs-metaphor ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Here this refers to fellow Christians including males and females. Alternate translation: "brothers and sisters" or "fellow believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB 3 12 lma5 figs-metonymy μήποτε ἔσται ἔν τινι ὑμῶν καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας, ἐν τῷ ἀποστῆναι ἀπὸ Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 there will not be anyone with an evil heart of unbelief, a heart that turns away from the living God Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's mind or will. Refusing to believe and obey God is spoken of as if the heart did not believe and it physically turned away from God. Alternate translation: "there will not be any of you who refuse to believe the truth and who stop obeying the living God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 3 12 kjm7 Θεοῦ ζῶντος 1 the living God "the true God who is really alive"
@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ HEB 4 3 u5yh οἱ πιστεύσαντες 1 we who have believed "we who beli
HEB 4 3 w6t4 figs-metaphor εἰσερχόμεθα ... εἰς κατάπαυσιν, οἱ πιστεύσαντες 1 we who have believed enter that rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "we who have believed will enter the place of rest" or "we who have believed will experience God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 4 3 x2kq καθὼς εἴρηκεν 1 just as he said "just as God said"
HEB 4 3 qfs8 ὡς ὤμοσα ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ μου 1 As I swore in my wrath "As I swore when I was very angry"
HEB 4 3 k1ld figs-metaphor εἰ‘ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "They will never experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 4 3 k1ld figs-metaphor εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου 1 They will never enter my rest The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "They will never experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 4 3 x8zv figs-activepassive τῶν ἔργων ... γενηθέντων 1 his works were finished This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he finished creating" or "he finished his works of creation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB 4 3 vym3 figs-metaphor ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου 1 from the foundation of the world The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "at the beginning of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB 4 4 hbm5 translate-ordinal τῆς ἑβδόμης 1 the seventh day This is the ordinal number for "seven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HEB 8 10 hs53 ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεόν 1 I will be their God "I will be the God they worship"
HEB 8 10 xgm3 αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαόν 1 they will be my people "they will be the people for whom I care"
HEB 8 11 lsq6 0 General Information: This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.
HEB 8 11 jl1h figs-quotations οὐ μὴ διδάξωσιν ἕκαστος τὸν πολίτην αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἕκαστος τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ λέγων, γνῶθι‘ τὸν Κύριον’ 1 They will not teach each one his neighbor and each one his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord.' This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "They will not need to teach their neighbors or brothers to know me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
HEB 8 11 jl1h figs-quotations οὐ μὴ διδάξωσιν ἕκαστος τὸν πολίτην αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἕκαστος τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ λέγων, γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον 1 They will not teach each one his neighbor and each one his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord.' This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "They will not need to teach their neighbors or brothers to know me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
HEB 8 11 wne2 figs-doublet τὸν πολίτην ... τὸν ἀδελφὸν 1 neighbor ... brother Both of these refer to fellow Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB 8 11 q5ki figs-metonymy γνῶθι‘ τὸν Κύριον’ ... πάντες εἰδήσουσίν με 1 Know the Lord ... will all know me "Know" here stands for acknowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB 8 11 q5ki figs-metonymy γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον ... πάντες εἰδήσουσίν με 1 Know the Lord ... will all know me "Know" here stands for acknowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB 8 12 cu1b figs-metonymy ταῖς ἀδικίαις αὐτῶν 1 toward their evil deeds This stands for the people who committed these evil deeds. Alternate translation: "to those who did evil deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB 8 12 a1xr figs-metonymy τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν οὐ μὴ μνησθῶ ἔτι 1 their sins I will not remember any longer Here "remember" stands for "think about." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB 9 intro p8vy 0 # Hebrews 09 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter describes how Jesus is better than the temple and all its laws and rules. This chapter will be difficult to understand if the first five books of the Old Testament have not yet been translated.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Will<br><br>A will is a legal document that describes what will happen to a person's property after he dies.<br><br>### Blood<br><br>In the Old Testament, God had commanded the Israelites to offer sacrifices so that he would forgive their sins. Before they could offer these sacrifices, they had to kill animals and then offer not only the animal's body but also its blood. Shedding blood is a metaphor for killing an animal or person. Jesus offered his life, his blood, as a sacrifice when he allowed men to kill him. The writer of the Book of Hebrews is saying in this chapter that this sacrifice is better than the sacrifices of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>### Return of Christ<br><br>Jesus will return to finish the work that he began when he died so that God would forgive his people's sins. He will finish saving those people who are waiting for him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### First covenant<br><br>This refers to the covenant that God made with Moses. However, before he made this covenant, God had made a covenant with Abraham. But this was the first covenant that God had made with the people of Israel. You may decide to translate "the first covenant" as "the earlier covenant."<br>
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REV 18 7 i9bm 0 Connecting Statement: The same voice from heaven continues speaking about Babylon as if it were a woman.
REV 18 7 we2t ἐδόξασεν αὑτὴν 1 she glorified herself "the people of Babylon glorified themselves"
REV 18 7 yt32 figs-metonymy ὅτι ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῆς λέγει 1 For she says in her heart Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's mind or thoughts. Alternate translation: "For she says to herself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
REV 18 7 m3mg figs-simile κάθημαι‘ βασίλισσα 1 I am seated as a queen She claims to be a ruler, having her own authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
REV 18 7 m3mg figs-simile κάθημαι βασίλισσα 1 I am seated as a queen She claims to be a ruler, having her own authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
REV 18 7 dy5k figs-metaphor χήρα οὐκ εἰμί 1 I am not a widow She implies that she will not be dependent on other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
REV 18 7 eh5r figs-metaphor πένθος οὐ μὴ ἴδω 1 I will never see mourning Experiencing mourning is spoken of as seeing mourning. Alternate translation: "I will never mourn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
REV 18 8 u6r9 figs-metaphor ἥξουσιν αἱ πληγαὶ αὐτῆς 1 her plagues will come Existing in the future is spoken of a coming. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ REV 18 9 lj14 0 General Information: In these verses the word "her" refers to
REV 18 9 pmz9 0 Connecting Statement: John tells what people say about Babylon.
REV 18 9 wk13 μετ’ αὐτῆς πορνεύσαντες καὶ στρηνιάσαντες 1 committed sexual immorality and went out of control with her "sinned sexually and did whatever they wanted just as the people of Babylon did"
REV 18 10 j3ln figs-abstractnouns διὰ τὸν φόβον τοῦ βασανισμοῦ αὐτῆς 1 because of the fear of her torment The abstract noun "torment" can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: "afraid that they will be tormented as Babylon is" or "afraid that God will torment them as he torments Babylon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
REV 18 10 qn81 οὐαὶ‘, οὐαί 1 Woe, woe This is repeated for emphasis.
REV 18 10 qn81 οὐαὶ, οὐαί 1 Woe, woe This is repeated for emphasis.
REV 18 10 hkd8 figs-metaphor ἦλθεν ἡ κρίσις σου 1 your judgement has come Existing in the present is spoken of as having come. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
REV 18 11 fe7u πενθοῦσιν ἐπ’ αὐτήν 1 mourn for her "mourn for the people of Babylon"
REV 18 12 krs3 λίθου τιμίου, καὶ μαργαριτῶν 1 precious stone, pearls "many kinds of expensive stones." See how you translated these in [Revelation 17:4](../17/04.md).
REV 18 16 rtm9 translate-unknown μαργαρίτῃ 1 pearls beautiful and valuable white beads. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. See how you translated this in [Revelation 17:4](../17/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
REV 18 17 ap3v figs-metonymy τὴν θάλασσαν ἐργάζονται 1 whose living is made from the sea The phrase "from the sea" refers to what they do on the sea. Alternate translation: "who travel on the sea to make their living" or "who sail on the sea to different places in order to trade things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
REV 18 18 ys97 0 General Information: In these verses the word "they" refers to the sailors and seafarers, and the word "her" refers to the city of Babylon.
REV 18 18 v7qe figs-rquestion τίς‘ ὁμοία τῇ πόλει τῇ μεγάλῃ 1 What city is like the great city? This question shows the people the importance of the city of Babylon. Alternate translation: "No other city is like the great city, Babylon!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
REV 18 18 v7qe figs-rquestion τίς ὁμοία τῇ πόλει τῇ μεγάλῃ 1 What city is like the great city? This question shows the people the importance of the city of Babylon. Alternate translation: "No other city is like the great city, Babylon!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
REV 18 20 ld6c figs-abstractnouns ἔκρινεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ κρίμα ὑμῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς 1 God has brought your judgment on her The noun "judgment" can be expressed with the verb "judge." Alternate translation: "God has judged her for you" or "God has judged her because of the bad things she did to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
REV 18 21 b94u 0 Connecting Statement: Another angel begins to speak about Babylon. This is a different angel than the ones who have spoken previously.
REV 18 21 el4e μύλινον 1 millstone a large round stone used to crush grain
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