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@ -440,11 +440,13 @@ front:intro i6u9 0 # Introduction to Galatians\n\n## Part 1: General Introduc
3:23 aue6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὑπὸ 1 Here, the word **under** means “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3:23 r5y3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι 1 Here, Paul is continuing his personification of **the law** that he began in the previous verse. Paul speaks of **the law** as though it were a jailer who **held** people **captive** and kept them **imprisoned until** the time when the coming **faith** in Jesus Christ would **be revealed**. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
3:23 e729 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the law held us captive under its power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3:23 c9gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns νόμον 1 See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
3:23 xmur rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive συνκλειόμενοι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the first half of the verse states that **the law** did it. Alternate translation: “and the law imprisoned us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3:23 way9 εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι 1 Here, the word **until** could: (1) refer to time and introduce the time at which people being **imprisoned** under the law would be end, namely **until** the time when God would reveal Jesus Christ as an object of faith. Alternate translation: “until God would reveal the message about trusting in Christ that he was about to reveal” (2) be translated as “to” and be indicating the purpose for people being **imprisoned** under the law, namely so that people would be ready for the coming faith in Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “in order to lead us to believe in the good news that God was about to reveal” or “in order that we might be ready to believe the good news concerning Christ, the news that God would later reveal”
3:23 rz75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὴν πίστιν & τὴν & πίστιν 1 The phrase **the faith** means “the faith in Jesus Christ.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the faith in Jesus Christ … the faith in Jesus Christ came which was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
3:23 t32j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until the faith came that God was about to reveal” or “until the faith that God would soon reveal came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
3:24 we2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ὥστε 1 Here, the phrase **So that** is introducing a result. Use a natural form for introducing a result. Alternate translation: “Thus” or “Therefore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
3:24 skph rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns ὁ νόμος 1 See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
3:24 mcdn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ νόμος, παιδαγωγὸς ἡμῶν γέγονεν 1 Paul speaks of **the law** as if it were a **guardian**. If your readers would not understand what a **guardian** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning by using a simile as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
3:24 amrv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown παιδαγωγὸς 1 In Paul’s culture a **guardian** was a slave whose job was to discipline and take care of a child who was not yet an adult. If your readers would not be familiar with this term you could either explain the meaning of this word in your translation, as modeled by the UST, or you could use the term from your culture that comes the closest to expressing the meaning of this word and then write a footnote explaining this word if you are using footnotes in your translation. Alternate translation: “custodian” or “guide” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
3:24 ln1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification παιδαγωγὸς 1 Here, Paul speaks of **the law** as though it were a **guardian** whose job or role was to watch over people’s actions **until Christ** came. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “guide” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])

1 Reference ID Tags SupportReference Quote Occurrence Note
440 3:23 aue6 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit ὑπὸ 1 Here, the word **under** means “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “under the authority of” or “under the jurisdiction of” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
441 3:23 r5y3 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα, συνκλειόμενοι 1 Here, Paul is continuing his personification of **the law** that he began in the previous verse. Paul speaks of **the law** as though it were a jailer who **held** people **captive** and kept them **imprisoned until** the time when the coming **faith** in Jesus Christ would **be revealed**. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
442 3:23 e729 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the law held us captive under its power” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
443 3:23 c9gl rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns νόμον 1 See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
444 3:23 xmur rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive συνκλειόμενοι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you must state who did the action, the first half of the verse states that **the law** did it. Alternate translation: “and the law imprisoned us” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
445 3:23 way9 εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι 1 Here, the word **until** could: (1) refer to time and introduce the time at which people being **imprisoned** under the law would be end, namely **until** the time when God would reveal Jesus Christ as an object of faith. Alternate translation: “until God would reveal the message about trusting in Christ that he was about to reveal” (2) be translated as “to” and be indicating the purpose for people being **imprisoned** under the law, namely so that people would be ready for the coming faith in Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “in order to lead us to believe in the good news that God was about to reveal” or “in order that we might be ready to believe the good news concerning Christ, the news that God would later reveal”
446 3:23 rz75 rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit τὴν πίστιν & τὴν & πίστιν 1 The phrase **the faith** means “the faith in Jesus Christ.” If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the faith in Jesus Christ … the faith in Jesus Christ came which was” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
447 3:23 t32j rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive εἰς τὴν μέλλουσαν πίστιν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι 1 If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “until the faith came that God was about to reveal” or “until the faith that God would soon reveal came” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
448 3:24 we2y rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result ὥστε 1 Here, the phrase **So that** is introducing a result. Use a natural form for introducing a result. Alternate translation: “Thus” or “Therefore” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
449 3:24 skph rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns ὁ νόμος 1 See how you translated the phrase **the law** in [2:16](../02/016.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns]])
450 3:24 mcdn rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor ὁ νόμος, παιδαγωγὸς ἡμῶν γέγονεν 1 Paul speaks of **the law** as if it were a **guardian**. If your readers would not understand what a **guardian** means in this context, you could use an equivalent metaphor from your culture. Alternatively, you could express the meaning by using a simile as modeled by the UST. (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
451 3:24 amrv rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown παιδαγωγὸς 1 In Paul’s culture a **guardian** was a slave whose job was to discipline and take care of a child who was not yet an adult. If your readers would not be familiar with this term you could either explain the meaning of this word in your translation, as modeled by the UST, or you could use the term from your culture that comes the closest to expressing the meaning of this word and then write a footnote explaining this word if you are using footnotes in your translation. Alternate translation: “custodian” or “guide” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
452 3:24 ln1s rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification παιδαγωγὸς 1 Here, Paul speaks of **the law** as though it were a **guardian** whose job or role was to watch over people’s actions **until Christ** came. If this might be confusing for your readers, you could express this meaning in a non-figurative way. Alternate translation: “guide” (See: [[rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])