diff --git a/1co/10/28.md b/1co/10/28.md index 9d6a9b43e..4f2424c95 100644 --- a/1co/10/28.md +++ b/1co/10/28.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# But if someone ... the other person's conscience +# But if someone says to you ... do not eat ... who informed you ... and not yours -Some translations put these words in parentheses because 1) the form of "you" here is singular, but Paul uses the plural form immediately before and after and 2) the words "For why should my freedom be judged by another's conscience?" seem to build on "eat whatever is set before you without asking questions of conscience" ([1 Corinthians 10:27](./25.md)) rather than "the other person's conscience." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) +Some translations put these words in parentheses because 1) the forms of "you" and "yours" and "eat" here are singular, but Paul uses the plural form immediately before and after, and 2) the words "For why should my freedom be judged by another's conscience?" seem to build on "eat whatever is set before you without asking questions of conscience" ([1 Corinthians 10:27](./25.md)) rather than "the other person's conscience." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) -# says to you ... do not eat ... informed you ... your own conscience +# says to you ... do not eat ... informed you ... and not yours Paul is speaking to the Corinthians as if they were one person, so the words "you" and "your" and the command "do not eat" here are singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]]) diff --git a/1ki/22/24.md b/1ki/22/24.md index eb48af441..66511b1cc 100644 --- a/1ki/22/24.md +++ b/1ki/22/24.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Zedekiah asks this sarcastic question to insult and rebuke Micaiah. AT: "Do not "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" -# you will know that +# you will see "you will know the answer to your question." If Zedekiah's rhetorical question is translated as a statement, this phrase may be translated to supply implicit information. AT: "you will know that the Spirit of Yahweh has spoken to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) diff --git a/1pe/03/07.md b/1pe/03/07.md index 6f0060c57..17c7dcf9f 100644 --- a/1pe/03/07.md +++ b/1pe/03/07.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ This refers back to how Sarah and other godly women obeyed their husbands in [1 Peter speaks of women as if they were containers, as men are sometimes also spoken of. The abstract noun "understanding" can also be translated as a verb. AT: "wives, understanding that the woman is the weaker partner" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -# give them honor as fellow heirs of the gift of life +# give them honor as fellow heirs of the grace of life -You can translate this using verbal phrases. AT: "honor them because they will also receive the eternal life that God gives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) +You can translate this using verbal phrases. AT: "honor them because they will also receive by grace the eternal life that God gives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -# heirs of the gift of life +# heirs of the grace of life Eternal life is often spoken of as if it were something that people inherit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/1sa/18/25.md b/1sa/18/25.md index f05108888..2c8c145c6 100644 --- a/1sa/18/25.md +++ b/1sa/18/25.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -# The king does not desire any dowry, only one hundred foreskins +# The king does not desire any price for the bride except a hundred foreskins -The verb for the second phrase may be supplied from the first. AT: "The king does not desire any dowry; he desires only that you bring to him 100 foreskins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) +The verb for the second phrase may be supplied from the first. AT: "The king does not desire any price for the bride; he desires only that you bring to him 100 foreskins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]]) # foreskins -the fold of skin on a man's private part that is removed during circumcision +The foreskin is a fold of skin on a man's private part that is removed during circumcision. # to be avenged from the king's enemies diff --git a/1sa/29/04.md b/1sa/29/04.md index c2c904533..1e92f4baf 100644 --- a/1sa/29/04.md +++ b/1sa/29/04.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -# do not let him go with us into battle +# He will not go down with us into battle -"do not let his army join with our army against our enemies" +The person here is a synecdoche for the army he commands. AT: "Do not let his army join with our army against our enemies" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs-synecdoche]]) -# For how else could this fellow make peace with his master? Would it not be with the heads of our men? +# For how else could he make himself acceptable to his master than by taking the heads of our own men? -This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. AT: "The best way for David to make peace with his master would be by killing our soldiers!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]]) +This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Here "taking the heads" is a metonym for killing. AT: "The best way for David to make peace with his master would be by killing our soldiers!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs-metonymy]]) # translationWords diff --git a/1ti/05/07.md b/1ti/05/07.md index 736945fce..d52b7d510 100644 --- a/1ti/05/07.md +++ b/1ti/05/07.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ -# Preach these things +# Give these instructions -"Command these things as well" +"Command these things" -# so that they may be without reproach +# so that they may be blameless "so that no one can find fault with them." Possible meanings of "they" are 1) "these widows and their families" or 2) "the believers." It might be best to leave the subject as "they." diff --git a/1ti/05/11.md b/1ti/05/11.md index d28f010f3..8a9e54993 100644 --- a/1ti/05/11.md +++ b/1ti/05/11.md @@ -14,17 +14,21 @@ The commitment of the widows was their agreement to serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives if the community would supply the widows' needs. -# become accustomed to being lazy +# learn to be lazy "get into the habit of doing nothing" -# gossips +# talk nonsense and are busybodies, saying things they should not say -These are people who talk about other people's private lives. +These three phrases are probably three ways of speaking of the same activity. These people should not be looking into other people's private lives and telling about them to others who are no better off after hearing. + +# nonsense + +words that do not help those who hear them # busybodies -These are people who interfere in other people's lives. +people who look into other people's private lives for their own good and not for the good of the other people # translationWords diff --git a/2ch/06/16.md b/2ch/06/16.md index 7cbfcd6a8..17f1b9a5c 100644 --- a/2ch/06/16.md +++ b/2ch/06/16.md @@ -22,9 +22,17 @@ The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. AT: The way a person behaves is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. AT: "to obey my law, as you have obeyed me" or "to be faithful to my law as you have been faithful to me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -# that the promise you made to your servant David will come true +# let your word be confirmed, which you have spoken to your servant David -"that the things that you promised your servant David will happen" +"I want you to make come true the word that you have spoken to your servant David" + +# let your word be confirmed + +This can be translated in active form. AT: "confirm your word" or "make your word come true" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs-activepassive]]) + +# your word + +"your promise" # translationWords diff --git a/2ch/18/12.md b/2ch/18/12.md index 6940ad119..92154c3c4 100644 --- a/2ch/18/12.md +++ b/2ch/18/12.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ Translate this man's name the same as in [2 Chronicles 17:7](../17/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -# Now look +# Look "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you" diff --git a/2ch/21/01.md b/2ch/21/01.md index 2868e8c4a..d8a110dea 100644 --- a/2ch/21/01.md +++ b/2ch/21/01.md @@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ The southern kingdom was technically called "Judah," but the writer of this book "gifts of large amounts" -# gave the throne to Jehoram +# he gave the kingdom to Jehoram -Jehoshaphat decided that Jehoram should be the king after he died. Here "throne" is a metonym for ruling as king. AT: "made Jehoram king after him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) +The kingdom is spoken of as if it were a physical object that Jehoshaphat gave to Jehoram. AT: "he made Jehoram king" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs-metaphor]]) # translationWords diff --git a/2ch/33/04.md b/2ch/33/04.md index 2afbc0d65..f7c41c57a 100644 --- a/2ch/33/04.md +++ b/2ch/33/04.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -# It is in Jerusalem that my name will be placed forever +# It is in Jerusalem that my name will be forever -The name is a metonym for the person. Also, this can be stated in active form. AT: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +The name is a metonym for the person. AT: "Jerusalem is where I will forever make known who I am" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) # He built altars for all the stars of heaven in the two courtyards of the house of Yahweh diff --git a/2co/02/12.md b/2co/02/12.md index 602fed20e..7e1f20356 100644 --- a/2co/02/12.md +++ b/2co/02/12.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Paul encourages the believers in Corinth by telling them of the opportunities he Paul speaks of his opportunity to preach the gospel as if it were a door through which he was allowed to walk. This can be stated in active form. AT: "The Lord opened a door to me ... to preach the gospel" or "The Lord gave me the opportunity ... to preach the gospel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -# I had no peace of mind +# I had no relief in my spirit "My mind was troubled" or "I was worried" diff --git a/2co/05/04.md b/2co/05/04.md index 91f0b458a..2c95f4056 100644 --- a/2co/05/04.md +++ b/2co/05/04.md @@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ Paul speaks of life as if it were an animal that eats "what is mortal." The phys This can be stated in active form. AT: "so that life may swallow up what is mortal" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -# who gave us the Spirit as a pledge of what is to come +# who gave us the Spirit as a guarantee of what is to come -The Spirit is spoken of as if he was a partial downpayment toward eternal life. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Corinthians 1:22](../01/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) +The Spirit is spoken of as if he were a partial down payment toward eternal life. See how you translated a similar phrase in [2 Corinthians 1:22](../01/21.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) # translationWords diff --git a/2co/08/06.md b/2co/08/06.md index 573f46eef..2297f4e3d 100644 --- a/2co/08/06.md +++ b/2co/08/06.md @@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ Paul is referring to the collection of money from the Corinthians for the believers in Jerusalem. AT: "who had encouraged your giving in the first place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) -# to bring to completion this act of generosity on your part +# to complete among you this act of grace -Titus was to help the Corinthians to complete the collection of money. AT: "to encourage you to complete your generous gift" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) +Titus was to help the Corinthians to complete the collection of money. AT: "to encourage you to finish collecting and giving your generous gift" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) # But you abound in everything Paul speaks of the Corinthian believers as if they were producing physical goods. AT: "You do well in so many ways" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) -# make sure that you abound in this generous deed +# make sure that you excel in this act of grace Paul speaks of the Corinthian believers as if they should produce physical goods. AT: "make sure you do well in giving for the believers in Jerusalem" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) diff --git a/2co/08/18.md b/2co/08/18.md index 36f7eea38..fcebce2cf 100644 --- a/2co/08/18.md +++ b/2co/08/18.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. AT: "the brother whom believers among all of This can be stated in active form. AT: "the churches also selected him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) -# in our carrying out this act of generosity +# in our carrying out this act of grace "to carry out this act of generosity." This refers to taking the offering to Jerusalem. diff --git a/2co/12/20.md b/2co/12/20.md index c454cc51d..fbdc7d6c3 100644 --- a/2co/12/20.md +++ b/2co/12/20.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ "you might not like what you see in me" -# there may be arguments, jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish ambition, gossip, pride, and disorder +# there may be quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder -The abstract nouns arguments, jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish ambition, gossip, pride, and disorder" can be translated using verbs. Possible meanings are 1) "some of you will be arguing with us, jealous of us, suddenly becoming very angry with us, talking about our private lives, being proud, and opposing us as we try to lead you" or 2) "some of you will be arguing with each other, jealous of each other, suddenly becoming very angry with each other, talking about each other's private lives, being proud, and opposing those whom God has chosen to lead" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) +The abstract nouns "quarreling, jealousy, outbursts of anger, rivalries, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder" can be translated using verbs. Possible meanings are 1) "some of you will be arguing with us, jealous of us, suddenly becoming very angry with us, trying to take our places as leaders, speaking falsely about us, telling about our private lives, being proud, and opposing us as we try to lead you" or 2) "some of you will be arguing with each other, jealous of each other, suddenly becoming very angry with each other, quarreling with each other over who will be the leader, speaking falsely about each other, telling about each other's private lives, being proud, and opposing those whom God has chosen to lead you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) # I might be grieved by many of those who have sinned before now diff --git a/2ki/03/09.md b/2ki/03/09.md index f71fb4f63..24e137c1d 100644 --- a/2ki/03/09.md +++ b/2ki/03/09.md @@ -1,18 +1,10 @@ -# the kings of Israel, Judah, and Edom +# the king of Israel went with the king of Judah and the king of Edom -This refers to the kings accompanied by their armies. AT: "the kings of Israel, Judah, and Edom and their armies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) +This refers to the kings accompanied by their armies. AT: "the king of Israel and his army went with the king of Judah and his army and the king of Edom and his army" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -# marched in a semicircle +# They wandered around -This describes the indirect way they traveled as mentioned in [2 Kings 3:08](./07.md). - -# semicircle - -An arc that is shaped like half a circle. - -# There was no water found - -This can be stated in active form. AT: "They found no water" or "They did not find any water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +Possible meanings are 1) the kings were not sure where they were going, and so they changed direction often or 2) the kings knew where they were going and they walked around Moab ([2 Kings 3:08](./07.md)). # What is this? Has Yahweh called three kings to give them into the hand of Moab? diff --git a/2ki/23/26.md b/2ki/23/26.md index f15cf8cf8..a58c5b244 100644 --- a/2ki/23/26.md +++ b/2ki/23/26.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ -# However +# Nevertheless The writer uses this word to show that even though all of these things that Josiah did were good, Yahweh was still angry with Judah. -# Yahweh did not turn from the fierceness of his great wrath, which had been kindled against +# Yahweh did not turn away from the burning of his fierce anger, which burned against -Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming angry. The abstract nouns "fierceness" and "wrath" can be translated as adjectives. This can be translated in active form. AT: "Yahweh did not turn from the fierceness of his great wrath, which he had kindled against" or "Yahweh did not stop being fierce because he was angry with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) +Fire is a metaphor for anger, and starting a fire is a metaphor for becoming angry. The abstract noun "anger" can be translated as an adjective. AT: "Yahweh did not stop being fierce because he was angry with" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]]) -# had provoked him +# had done to provoke him -"had caused him to be angry" +"had done to cause him to be angry" # out of my sight diff --git a/2sa/10/15.md b/2sa/10/15.md index d71551243..e46b70ca9 100644 --- a/2sa/10/15.md +++ b/2sa/10/15.md @@ -18,10 +18,6 @@ Here "came to" can be translated as "went to" or "gathered at" (See: [[rc://en/t This is the name of a place. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]]) -# at their head - -This phrase refers to a position of authority. AT: "leading them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) - # translationWords * [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/aram]] diff --git a/2sa/20/09.md b/2sa/20/09.md index 763580581..8be341054 100644 --- a/2sa/20/09.md +++ b/2sa/20/09.md @@ -2,10 +2,6 @@ Amasa was the son of the sister of Joab's mother. -# affectionately - -the way a person treats those he loves and enjoys - # took Amasa by the beard with his right hand to kiss him This was a common way for men to greet one another. diff --git a/2sa/24/24.md b/2sa/24/24.md index a89fe7b71..cdf615a27 100644 --- a/2sa/24/24.md +++ b/2sa/24/24.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ This can be stated in a positive form. AT: "I will only offer ... something that Here the metonym "land" stands for the people of Israel. AT: "on behalf of the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -# caused the plague to be contained +# the plague on Israel was confined -"caused the plague to end" +This can be translated in active form. AT: "God confined the plague that had been on Israel" or "God took the plague away from Israel" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs-activepassive]]) # translationWords diff --git a/2th/03/13.md b/2th/03/13.md index 2ef8172c7..e43846fdb 100644 --- a/2th/03/13.md +++ b/2th/03/13.md @@ -10,10 +10,6 @@ The word "you" refers to all the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/ Here "brothers" means fellow Christians, including both men and women. AT: "brothers and sisters" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]]) -# do not lose heart - -To "lose heart" is an idiom that means to get tired, weary, or discouraged. AT: "do not be discouraged" or "do not grow weary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) - # If anyone does not obey our word "if anyone does not obey our instructions" diff --git a/act/02/46.md b/act/02/46.md index 41c32b905..88dcb50e9 100644 --- a/act/02/46.md +++ b/act/02/46.md @@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "they continued meeting together" or 2) "they all conti Bread was part of their meals. AT: "they eat meals together in their homes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]]) -# with joy and humility of heart +# with glad and humble hearts -Here the word "humility" may refer to generosity. Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions. AT: "joyfully and generously" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) +Here "heart" is a metonym for a person's emotions. AT: "joyfully and humbly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) -# had favor with all the people +# praising God and having favor with all the people -"all the people approved of them" +"praising God. All the people approved of them" # those who were being saved diff --git a/act/19/11.md b/act/19/11.md index ead3f802e..39b8c7caf 100644 --- a/act/19/11.md +++ b/act/19/11.md @@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ clothing worn on the front of the body to protect the clothes of people This refers to sick people. AT: "sick people" or "those who were sick" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]]) -# their illnesses were cured +# their illnesses left them -This can be stated in active form. AT: "those who were sick became healthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) +"those who were sick became healthy" # translationWords diff --git a/pro/01/15.md b/pro/01/15.md index 9446cd3a0..c4cfdff02 100644 --- a/pro/01/15.md +++ b/pro/01/15.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Here "blood" represents a person's life. To "shed blood" means to murder someone # For it is useless to spread ... is watching -This begins a comparison that ends in 1:18. It compares the wisdom of birds who avoid traps that they see to the foolishness of sinners who get caught in traps they make for themselves. +This metaphor compares the wisdom of birds who avoid traps that they see to the foolishness of sinners who get caught in traps they make for themselves. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs-metaphor]]) # translationWords