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Grant_Ailie-tc-create-1 (#2061) 

Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/2061
Co-authored-by: Grant_Ailie <grant_ailie@noreply.door43.org>
Co-committed-by: Grant_Ailie <grant_ailie@noreply.door43.org>
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Grant_Ailie 2021-09-15 21:37:21 +00:00
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@ -13,22 +13,22 @@ PHP 1 6 u80a figs-explicit ὅτι ὁ ἐναρξάμενος ἐν ὑμῖν
PHP 1 6 p2a5 figs-explicit ἐπιτελέσει 1 Here, **will perfect it** means that God will bring to completion the work which he began in the lives of the Philippian Christians at their conversion and was currently doing through the Holy Spirit. If it would be clearer in your language you can say this explicitly. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 6 p5pu figs-explicit ἡμέρας Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 The phrase **the day of Jesus Christ** refers to the time in the future when Jesus Christ will return to judge the world and save those who believe in him. If it would be clearer in your language you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the time when Jesus Christ returns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 7 sowf figs-idiom τὸ ἔχειν με ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμᾶς 1 I have you in my heart This idiom expresses strong affection. Alternate translation: “I love you very much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 1 7 jn2s συνκοινωνούς μου τῆς χάριτος…ὄντας 1 being partakers with me of grace “sharing in grace with me”
PHP 1 7 7Oef figs-metonymy δεσμοῖς 1 Paul refers to his imprisonment in Rome by using the phrase **my chains**. Paul was chained to a guard in prison and the Philippian Christians would have understood that Paul was referring to his imprisonment when he used the phrase **my chains** because of the close association between **chains** and being in prison. If this association is not clear in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “my imprisonment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 8 sf3a μάρτυς…μου ὁ Θεός 1 God is my witness “God knows” or “God understands”
PHP 1 8 xun1 figs-idiom ἐν σπλάγχνοις Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 in the bowels of Christ Jesus Here, **in the bowels** is an idiom that represents strong emotion. Alternate translation: “very intensely in Christ Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 1 9 v2rw 0 Connecting Statement: Paul prays for the believers in Philippi and talks about the joy there is in suffering for the Lord.
PHP 1 9 l2jl figs-metaphor περισσεύῃ 1 would abound Paul speaks of love as if it were objects that people could obtain more of. Alternate translation: “may increase” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 9 l1cy figs-explicit ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει 1 in knowledge and all understanding Here, **understanding** refers to understanding about God. You can state this clearly. Alternate translation: “as you learn and understand more about what pleases God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 10 e17g δοκιμάζειν 1 may approve This refers to examining things and taking only those that are good. Alternate translation: “may test and choose”
PHP 1 10 s4ec τὰ διαφέροντα 1 what excels “what is most pleasing to God”
PHP 1 10 siv8 figs-doublet εἰλικρινεῖς καὶ ἀπρόσκοποι 1 pure and blameless The words **pure** and **blameless** mean basically the same thing. Paul combines them to emphasize moral purity. Alternate translation: “completely blameless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 1 11 lu5n figs-metaphor πεπληρωμένοι καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης τὸν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 being filled with the fruit of righteousness that is through Jesus Christ Here, **being filled** with something is a metaphor that represents being characterized by it or by habitually doing it. Here, **fruit of righteousness** could mean: (1) This is a metaphor that represents righteous behavior. Alternate translation: “habitually doing what is righteous because Jesus Christ enables you” (2) This is a metaphor that represents good deeds as a result of being righteous. Alternate translation: “habitually doing good works because Jesus makes you righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 11 hwg1 εἰς δόξαν καὶ ἔπαινον Θεοῦ 1 to the glory and praise of God This could mean: (1) Other people will see how they honor God. (2) People will **praise** and give honor to God because of the good things they see they do. These alternate translations would require a new sentence.
PHP 1 12 uyc6 0 General Information: Paul says that two things have happened because of “the progress of the gospel”: many people inside and outside the palace have found out why he is in prison, and other Christians are no longer afraid to proclaim the good news.
PHP 1 12 yrp2 δὲ 1 Now Here the word **Now** is used to mark a new part of the letter.
PHP 1 12 tu2t ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Here this refers to fellow Christians, including both men and women, because all believers in Christ are members of one spiritual family, with God as their heavenly Father.
PHP 1 12 zy4g figs-explicit ὅτι τὰ κατ’ ἐμὲ 1 that the things concerning me Paul is talking about his time in prison. Alternate translation: “that the things I suffered because I was put into prison for preaching about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 7 jn2s συνκοινωνούς μου τῆς χάριτος…ὄντας 1 being partakers with me of grace Alternate translation: “sharing in grace with me”
PHP 1 7 df00 χάριτος 1 Here, Paul uses the word **grace** to refer to both to His imprisonment and to his ministry of defending and confirming the gospel. Consider saying this in a way which would make the meaning clear in your language. See UST.
PHP 1 7 o7ef figs-metonymy δεσμοῖς μου 1 Paul refers to his imprisonment in Rome by using the phrase **my chains**. Paul was chained to a guard. The Philippian Christians would have understood that Paul was referring to his imprisonment when he used the phrase **my chains** because of the close association between **chains** and being in prison. If this association is not clear in your language you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “my imprisonment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
PHP 1 7 dv6x ἀπολογίᾳ 1 At the time Paul wrote this letter the word translated **defense** was often used with a legal meaning to refer to the defense given in a court of law against a charge that was made. Here, Paul uses the word **defense** to speak of his defending the truth of the gospel. If your language has a word or phrase which expresses the legal sense of this word, considering using it if it would be natural to use in the context of defending the gospel.
PHP 1 7 cp9o βεβαιώσει 1 At the time Paul wrote this letter the word **confirmation** could be used with a legal meaning to refer to legally defending and confirming the truth of something. If your language has a word or phrase which expresses the legal sense of this word, considering using it if it would be natural to use in the context of defending and confirming the truth of the gospel.
PHP 1 8 xun1 figs-idiom ἐν σπλάγχνοις Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 in the bowels of Christ Jesus The word **bowels** is a term which refers to body organs and particularly to the liver, lungs, and heart. Here, Paul uses **bowels** figuratively. The figurative use of **bowels** could mean: (1) **Bowels** could figuratively refer to the center and source of emotion. Alternate translation: “with the heart of Christ Jesus” (2) **Bowels** could figuratively refer to emotion itself. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
PHP 1 9 w910 figs-abstractnouns ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει 1 The word **knowledge** is an abstract noun. If it would be clearer in your language you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **knowledge** with a verb such as “see.” Alternate translation: “and that God will enable you to see the truth about Him and teach you to love wisely” See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
PHP 1 9 tbtt figs-abstractnouns ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει 1 The word **understanding** is an abstract noun. If it would be clearer in your language you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **understanding** by using a verb phrase such as “and teach you to love wisely.” Alternate translation: “and that God will enable you to see the truth about Him and teach you to love wisely” See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])<br>
PHP 1 10 e17g εἰς τὸ δοκιμάζειν ὑμᾶς τὰ διαφέροντα 1 Alternate translation: “so that you may approve and choose what pleases God”
PHP 1 10 ybw6 grammar-connect-logic-result εἰς 1 Here, the phrase **so that** shows that what follows this phrase is the the reason for what Paul prays in verse nine and is the desired result. Consider using a word or phrase that will clearly show that what follows the phrase **so that** is the reason for what Paul prays in verse 9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
PHP 1 10 s4ec τὰ διαφέροντα 1 what excels Alternate translation: “what is most pleasing to God”
PHP 1 10 siv8 figs-doublet εἰλικρινεῖς καὶ ἀπρόσκοποι 1 pure and blameless The words **pure** and **blameless** have very similar meanings. Paul uses these two words together to emphasize the idea of moral purity. If it would be clearer in your language you could combine these two words and translate them as one idea. Alternate translation: “completely blameless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
PHP 1 11 lu5n figs-metaphor πεπληρωμένοι καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης τὸν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 Here, **being filled** figuratively refers to what characterizes a person. The comparison is between a good tree which produces good fruit and a person who discerns and acts on what is good with the result that their life produces good works. If this would be unclear in your language you could state this in plain language. Alternate translation: “habitually doing the good works which Jesus the Messiah produces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
PHP 1 11 t3w4 figs-activepassive πεπληρωμένοι 1 The phrase **being filled with** is in the passive tense. If using a passive verb form would be confusing in your language you may translate this phrase using an active verb form. Alternate translation: “God has enabled you to produce” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
PHP 1 12 tu2t figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Although the term **brothers** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a spiritual sense to include both men and women who believe in Jesus. Alternate translation: “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
PHP 1 12 zy4g figs-explicit τὰ κατ’ ἐμὲ, μᾶλλον εἰς προκοπὴν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐλήλυθεν 1 the things concerning me The phrase **the things concerning me** refers to Paul’s imprisonment. If this would be unclear in your language you may state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the things I have suffered because I was put into prison for preaching about Jesus have happened for the greater progress of the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
PHP 1 12 q288 μᾶλλον εἰς προκοπὴν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐλήλυθεν 1 have really happened for the advancement of the gospel “have actually caused more people to hear the gospel”
PHP 1 13 wi6n figs-activepassive τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς ἐν Χριστῷ γενέσθαι, ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ πραιτωρίῳ καὶ τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν 1 my chains in Christ became apparent among the whole palace guard and all the others You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the palace guards and many other people in Rome came to know that I am in chains for the sake of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
PHP 1 13 h1ly figs-metonymy τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς ἐν Χριστῷ γενέσθαι 1 my chains in Christ became apparent Here, **chains in Christ** is a metonym for being in prison for the sake of Christ. Alternate translation: “It became known that I am in prison for the sake of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
13 PHP 1 6 p2a5 figs-explicit ἐπιτελέσει 1 Here, **will perfect it** means that God will bring to completion the work which he began in the lives of the Philippian Christians at their conversion and was currently doing through the Holy Spirit. If it would be clearer in your language you can say this explicitly. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
14 PHP 1 6 p5pu figs-explicit ἡμέρας Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 The phrase **the day of Jesus Christ** refers to the time in the future when Jesus Christ will return to judge the world and save those who believe in him. If it would be clearer in your language you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “the time when Jesus Christ returns” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
15 PHP 1 7 sowf figs-idiom τὸ ἔχειν με ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμᾶς 1 I have you in my heart This idiom expresses strong affection. Alternate translation: “I love you very much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
16 PHP 1 7 jn2s συνκοινωνούς μου τῆς χάριτος…ὄντας 1 being partakers with me of grace “sharing in grace with me” Alternate translation: “sharing in grace with me”
17 PHP 1 7 7Oef df00 figs-metonymy δεσμοῖς χάριτος 1 Paul refers to his imprisonment in Rome by using the phrase **my chains**. Paul was chained to a guard in prison and the Philippian Christians would have understood that Paul was referring to his imprisonment when he used the phrase **my chains** because of the close association between **chains** and being in prison. If this association is not clear in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “my imprisonment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]) Here, Paul uses the word **grace** to refer to both to His imprisonment and to his ministry of defending and confirming the gospel. Consider saying this in a way which would make the meaning clear in your language. See UST.
18 PHP 1 8 7 sf3a o7ef figs-metonymy μάρτυς…μου ὁ Θεός δεσμοῖς μου 1 God is my witness “God knows” or “God understands” Paul refers to his imprisonment in Rome by using the phrase **my chains**. Paul was chained to a guard. The Philippian Christians would have understood that Paul was referring to his imprisonment when he used the phrase **my chains** because of the close association between **chains** and being in prison. If this association is not clear in your language you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “my imprisonment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
19 PHP 1 8 7 xun1 dv6x figs-idiom ἐν σπλάγχνοις Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἀπολογίᾳ 1 in the bowels of Christ Jesus Here, **in the bowels** is an idiom that represents strong emotion. Alternate translation: “very intensely in Christ Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]]) At the time Paul wrote this letter the word translated **defense** was often used with a legal meaning to refer to the defense given in a court of law against a charge that was made. Here, Paul uses the word **defense** to speak of his defending the truth of the gospel. If your language has a word or phrase which expresses the legal sense of this word, considering using it if it would be natural to use in the context of defending the gospel.
20 PHP 1 9 7 v2rw cp9o βεβαιώσει 0 1 Connecting Statement: Paul prays for the believers in Philippi and talks about the joy there is in suffering for the Lord. At the time Paul wrote this letter the word **confirmation** could be used with a legal meaning to refer to legally defending and confirming the truth of something. If your language has a word or phrase which expresses the legal sense of this word, considering using it if it would be natural to use in the context of defending and confirming the truth of the gospel.
21 PHP 1 9 8 l2jl xun1 figs-metaphor figs-idiom περισσεύῃ ἐν σπλάγχνοις Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ 1 would abound in the bowels of Christ Jesus Paul speaks of love as if it were objects that people could obtain more of. Alternate translation: “may increase” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) The word **bowels** is a term which refers to body organs and particularly to the liver, lungs, and heart. Here, Paul uses **bowels** figuratively. The figurative use of **bowels** could mean: (1) **Bowels** could figuratively refer to the center and source of emotion. Alternate translation: “with the heart of Christ Jesus” (2) **Bowels** could figuratively refer to emotion itself. See UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
22 PHP 1 9 l1cy w910 figs-explicit figs-abstractnouns ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει 1 in knowledge and all understanding Here, **understanding** refers to understanding about God. You can state this clearly. Alternate translation: “as you learn and understand more about what pleases God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) The word **knowledge** is an abstract noun. If it would be clearer in your language you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **knowledge** with a verb such as “see.” Alternate translation: “and that God will enable you to see the truth about Him and teach you to love wisely” See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
23 PHP 1 10 9 e17g tbtt figs-abstractnouns δοκιμάζειν ἐν ἐπιγνώσει καὶ πάσῃ αἰσθήσει 1 may approve This refers to examining things and taking only those that are good. Alternate translation: “may test and choose” The word **understanding** is an abstract noun. If it would be clearer in your language you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **understanding** by using a verb phrase such as “and teach you to love wisely.” Alternate translation: “and that God will enable you to see the truth about Him and teach you to love wisely” See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])<br>
24 PHP 1 10 s4ec e17g τὰ διαφέροντα εἰς τὸ δοκιμάζειν ὑμᾶς τὰ διαφέροντα 1 what excels “what is most pleasing to God” Alternate translation: “so that you may approve and choose what pleases God”
25 PHP 1 10 siv8 ybw6 figs-doublet grammar-connect-logic-result εἰλικρινεῖς καὶ ἀπρόσκοποι εἰς 1 pure and blameless The words **pure** and **blameless** mean basically the same thing. Paul combines them to emphasize moral purity. Alternate translation: “completely blameless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]]) Here, the phrase **so that** shows that what follows this phrase is the the reason for what Paul prays in verse nine and is the desired result. Consider using a word or phrase that will clearly show that what follows the phrase **so that** is the reason for what Paul prays in verse 9. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
26 PHP 1 11 10 lu5n s4ec figs-metaphor πεπληρωμένοι καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης τὸν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τὰ διαφέροντα 1 being filled with the fruit of righteousness that is through Jesus Christ what excels Here, **being filled** with something is a metaphor that represents being characterized by it or by habitually doing it. Here, **fruit of righteousness** could mean: (1) This is a metaphor that represents righteous behavior. Alternate translation: “habitually doing what is righteous because Jesus Christ enables you” (2) This is a metaphor that represents good deeds as a result of being righteous. Alternate translation: “habitually doing good works because Jesus makes you righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Alternate translation: “what is most pleasing to God”
27 PHP 1 11 10 hwg1 siv8 figs-doublet εἰς δόξαν καὶ ἔπαινον Θεοῦ εἰλικρινεῖς καὶ ἀπρόσκοποι 1 to the glory and praise of God pure and blameless This could mean: (1) Other people will see how they honor God. (2) People will **praise** and give honor to God because of the good things they see they do. These alternate translations would require a new sentence. The words **pure** and **blameless** have very similar meanings. Paul uses these two words together to emphasize the idea of moral purity. If it would be clearer in your language you could combine these two words and translate them as one idea. Alternate translation: “completely blameless” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
28 PHP 1 12 11 uyc6 lu5n figs-metaphor πεπληρωμένοι καρπὸν δικαιοσύνης τὸν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ 0 1 General Information: Paul says that two things have happened because of “the progress of the gospel”: many people inside and outside the palace have found out why he is in prison, and other Christians are no longer afraid to proclaim the good news. Here, **being filled** figuratively refers to what characterizes a person. The comparison is between a good tree which produces good fruit and a person who discerns and acts on what is good with the result that their life produces good works. If this would be unclear in your language you could state this in plain language. Alternate translation: “habitually doing the good works which Jesus the Messiah produces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
29 PHP 1 12 11 yrp2 t3w4 figs-activepassive δὲ πεπληρωμένοι 1 Now Here the word **Now** is used to mark a new part of the letter. The phrase **being filled with** is in the passive tense. If using a passive verb form would be confusing in your language you may translate this phrase using an active verb form. Alternate translation: “God has enabled you to produce” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
30 PHP 1 12 tu2t figs-gendernotations ἀδελφοί 1 brothers Here this refers to fellow Christians, including both men and women, because all believers in Christ are members of one spiritual family, with God as their heavenly Father. Although the term **brothers** is masculine, Paul is using the word here in a spiritual sense to include both men and women who believe in Jesus. Alternate translation: “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
31 PHP 1 12 zy4g figs-explicit ὅτι τὰ κατ’ ἐμὲ τὰ κατ’ ἐμὲ, μᾶλλον εἰς προκοπὴν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐλήλυθεν 1 that the things concerning me the things concerning me Paul is talking about his time in prison. Alternate translation: “that the things I suffered because I was put into prison for preaching about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) The phrase **the things concerning me** refers to Paul’s imprisonment. If this would be unclear in your language you may state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the things I have suffered because I was put into prison for preaching about Jesus have happened for the greater progress of the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
32 PHP 1 12 q288 μᾶλλον εἰς προκοπὴν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐλήλυθεν 1 have really happened for the advancement of the gospel “have actually caused more people to hear the gospel”
33 PHP 1 13 wi6n figs-activepassive τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς ἐν Χριστῷ γενέσθαι, ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ πραιτωρίῳ καὶ τοῖς λοιποῖς πᾶσιν 1 my chains in Christ became apparent among the whole palace guard and all the others You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the palace guards and many other people in Rome came to know that I am in chains for the sake of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
34 PHP 1 13 h1ly figs-metonymy τοὺς δεσμούς μου φανεροὺς ἐν Χριστῷ γενέσθαι 1 my chains in Christ became apparent Here, **chains in Christ** is a metonym for being in prison for the sake of Christ. Alternate translation: “It became known that I am in prison for the sake of Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])