GrammarEdits (#209)

translate/grammar-connect-condition-contrary/01.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 #### Definition
 
-A Contrary to Fact Condition is a condition that sounds hypothetical but it is already certain that it is NOT true. In English Factual Conditions often use the words “even though,” “since,” or “this being the case” to indicate the difference between it and a true hypothetical condition.
+A Contrary to Fact Condition is a condition that sounds hypothetical but the speaker is already certain that it is NOT true. 
 
 #### Reason this is a translation issue
 
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Usually there are no special words that indicate a Contrary to Fact Condition. T
 
 > Elijah came near to all the people and said, "How long will you keep changing your mind? If Yahweh is God, follow him. But **if Baal is God**, then follow him." Yet the people did not answer him a word. (1 Kings 18:21 ULT)
 
-Baal is not a god, Elijah is not suggesting that he might be a god, and he does not want the people to follow him. But he used a conditional statement to show them that what they were doing was wrong. 
+Baal is not a god, Elijah is not suggesting that he might be a god, and he does not want the people to follow him. But he used a conditional statement to show them that what they were doing was wrong. In the example above, we see two conditions that have the same constuction. The first one, "If Yahweh is God," is a Factual Condition, because Elijah is certain that it is true. The second one, "if Baal is God," is a Contrary to Fact Condition, because Elijah is certain that it is not true. You will need to consider if people would say both of these in the same way in your language, or if they would say them in different ways.
 
 > But his wife said to him, "**If Yahweh wanted to kill us**, he would not have received the burnt offering and the grain offering we gave him. He would not have shown us all these things, nor at this time would he have let us hear such things." (Judges 13:23 ULT)
 
@@ -24,21 +24,21 @@ Manoah’s wife reasons that the second part of her conditional statement is not
 
 > “**If only we had died** by Yahweh’s hand in the land of Egypt when we were sitting by the pots of meat and were eating bread to the full. (Exodus 16:3 ULT)
 
-Of course the people speaking here did not die in Egypt, and so this is a contrary-to-fact condition that is used to express a wish.
+Of course the people speaking here did not die in Egypt, and so this is a Contrary to Fact condition that is used to express a wish.
 
 > “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! **If the mighty deeds had been done** in Tyre and Sidon which were done in you, **they would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes. (Matthew 11:21 ULT)
 
-The English reader knows that these last two examples are contrary-to-fact conditions because of the past-tense verbs used in the first part (they are not things that might happen). The last example also has a second part that uses “would have.” That also signals something that did not happen.
+The English reader knows that these last two examples are Contrary to Fact conditions because of the past-tense verbs used in the first part (they are not things that might happen). The last example also has a second part that uses “would have.” That also signals something that did not happen.
 
 #### Translation Strategies
 
-If contrary-to-fact conditions are clear in your language, then use them as they are.
+If Contrary to Fact conditions are clear in your language, then use them as they are.
 
 1. If the condition leads the reader to think that the speaker believes something that is false, then restate the condition as something that others believe.
 2. If the condition leads the reader to think that the speaker is suggesting that the first part is true, then restate it as a statement that it is not true.
 3. If the condition is expressing something that did not happen but the speaker wanted it to happen, restate it as a wish.
 4. If the condition is expressing something that did not happen, restate it as a negative statement.
-5. Often Factual and Contrary to Fact connections are used to make reasoned arguments for a change in behavior. If translators are struggling to know the best way to translate them, it could be helpful to discuss how this is done in their language community. If someone is trying to convince people to change their behavior, how do they do that? It may be possible to adapt similar strategies when translating these connections.
+5. Often Factual and Contrary to Fact conditions are used to make reasoned arguments for a change in behavior. If translators are struggling to know the best way to translate them, it could be helpful to discuss how this is done in their language community. If someone is trying to convince people to change their behavior, how do they do that? It may be possible to adapt similar strategies when translating these conditions.
 
 #### Examples of Translation Strategies Applied
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ If contrary-to-fact conditions are clear in your language, then use them as they
 
 “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! The mighty deeds which were done in you **were not done** in Tyre and Sidon. But **if they had been done there, those people would have repented** long ago in sackcloth and ashes.
 
-*  5. Often Factual and Contrary to Fact connections are used to make reasoned arguments for a change in behavior. If translators are struggling to know the best way to translate them, it could be helpful to discuss how this is done in their language community. If someone is trying to convince people to change their behavior, how do they do that? It may be possible to adapt similar strategies when translating these connections.
+*  5. Often Factual and Contrary to Fact Conditions are used to make reasoned arguments for a change in behavior. If translators are struggling to know the best way to translate them, it could be helpful to discuss how this is done in their language community. If someone is trying to convince people to change their behavior, how do they do that? It may be possible to adapt similar strategies when translating these conditions.
 
 > But **if Baal is God**, worship him! (Story 19 Frame 6 OBS)
 

translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact/01.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #### Definition
 
-A Factual Condition is a condition that sounds hypothetical but is already certain or true so that the condition is guaranteed to happen. In English Factual Conditions often use the words “even though,” “since,” or “this being the case” to indicate the difference between a factual condition and a hypothetical condition.
+A Factual Condition is a condition that sounds hypothetical but is already certain or true in the speaker's mind. In English, Factual Conditions can use the words “even though,” “since,” or “this being the case” to indicate that it is a factual condition and not a hypothetical condition.
 
 #### Reason this is a translation issue
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Some languages do not state something as a condition if it is certain or true. T
 
 > “**If** Yahweh is God, worship him!” (Story 19 Frame 6 OBS)
 
-> Elijah came near to all the people and said, "How long will you keep changing your mind? **If** Yahweh is God, follow him. But **if** Baal is God, then follow him." Yet the people did not answer him a word. (1 Kings 18:21 ULT)
+> Elijah came near to all the people and said, "How long will you keep changing your mind? **If Yahweh is God**, follow him. But if Baal is God, then follow him." Yet the people did not answer him a word. (1 Kings 18:21 ULT)
 
 This sentence has the same construction as a hypothetical condition. The condition or “if” is “if Yahweh is God” and if that is true, then the Israelites should worship Yahweh. But the prophet Elijah does not question whether or not Yahweh is God. In fact, he is so certain that Yahweh is God that later in the passage he pours water all over his sacrifice. He is confident that God is real and that he will burn even an offering that is completely wet. The prophets taught over and over again that Yahweh is God, and so the people should worship Him. The people did not worship Yahweh, however, even though He is God. By putting the statement or instruction into the form of a Hypothetical Condition, Elijah is trying to get the Israelites to understand more clearly what they should do.
 

translate/grammar-connect-logic-result/01.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 #### Definition
 
-A logical relationship in which one event is the reason or cause for the other another event, which is the result of the other event.
+A Reason and Result Relationship is a logical relationship in which one event is the **reason** or cause for another event. The second event, then, is the **result** of the first event.
 
 #### Reason this is a translation issue