More small fixes for Esther BP (#410)

More small fixes for Esther BP

Co-authored-by: Robert Hunt <Freely.Given.org@gmail.com>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/pulls/410

README.md

@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ UTA is written in a simple Markdown format and organized according to the [Resou
 
 Each manual has its own directory in this repository (for example, the Checking Manual is in the [checking](https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ta/src/branch/master/checking) directory). Each module has its own directory inside of these manual directories. Inside each of these are three files:
 
-* `01.md` - This is the main body of the module
-* `sub-title.md` - This file contains the question that the module is intended to answer.
-* `title.md` - This contains the title of the module
+* `01.md` – This is the main body of the module
+* `sub-title.md` – This file contains the question that the module is intended to answer.
+* `title.md` – This contains the title of the module
 
 There are also YAML formatted files in each manual’s directory. The `toc.yaml` file is for encoding the Table of Contents and the `config.yaml` file is for encoding dependencies between the modules.
 

checking/natural/01.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 To translate the Bible so that it is natural means that the translation should sound like it was written by a member of the target language community. The translation should not sound like it was written by a foreigner. The translation should say things in the way that speakers of the target language say them. When a translation is natural, it is much easier to understand.
 
-To check a translation for naturalness, it is not helpful to compare it to the source language. During this check for naturalness, no one should look at the source language Bible. People will look at the source language Bible again for other checks––such as the check for accuracy––but not during this check.
+To check a translation for naturalness, it is not helpful to compare it to the source language. During this check for naturalness, no one should look at the source language Bible. People will look at the source language Bible again for other checks—such as the check for accuracy—but not during this check.
 
 To check a translation for naturalness, you or another member of the language community must read it out loud or play a recording of it. It is difficult to evaluate a translation for naturalness when you are only looking at it on paper. But when your people hear the language, they will know immediately if it sounds right or not.
 

checking/self-assessment/01.md

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ Circle either “0” or “1” or “2” for each statement below.
 
 **no | yes** Church leaders who have checked this translation are first-language speakers of the target language, and include someone who understands well one of the languages in which the source text is available.
 
-**no | yes** People from the language community––both men and women, old and young––have reviewed the translation of this chapter and agree that it is natural and clear.
+**no | yes** People from the language community—both men and women, old and young—have reviewed the translation of this chapter and agree that it is natural and clear.
 
 **no | yes** Church leaders from at least two different church networks have reviewed the translation of this chapter and agree that it is accurate.
 

checking/vol2-steps/01.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ If you speak the target language, then you can read or hear the translation and
 
 #### Using a Written Back Translation
 
-Even if you do not speak the target language, you can communicate to the translation team in the Gateway Language and help them to improve their translation. In that case, you will need to work from a back translation in the Gateway Language. This can be oral as you meet with the translation team, or in written form. If it is written, it can be written separately from the translation, or it can be written as an interlinear––that is, with a line of back translation written under each line of the translation. It is easier to compare the translation to the back translation when they are written as an interlinear, and it is easier to read a back translation that is written separately. Each method has its own strength. The person who makes the back translation should be someone who was not involved in making the translation. See [Back Translation](../vol2-backtranslation/01.md) for more details.
+Even if you do not speak the target language, you can communicate to the translation team in the Gateway Language and help them to improve their translation. In that case, you will need to work from a back translation in the Gateway Language. This can be oral as you meet with the translation team, or in written form. If it is written, it can be written separately from the translation, or it can be written as an interlinear—that is, with a line of back translation written under each line of the translation. It is easier to compare the translation to the back translation when they are written as an interlinear, and it is easier to read a back translation that is written separately. Each method has its own strength. The person who makes the back translation should be someone who was not involved in making the translation. See [Back Translation](../vol2-backtranslation/01.md) for more details.
 
 1. If possible, review the back translation in written form before meeting with the translator or translation team face-to-face. This will give you time to think about the passage and to do further research on questions that arise because of what the back translation says. It will also save a lot of time when you meet with the translation team, because there will be a lot of text that you do not need to talk about because you read it in the back translation and it did not have problems. When you meet together, you will be much more productive because you can spend all of your time on the problem areas.
 1. As you work through the back translation, make notes of questions that you want to ask the translator, either for clarification or to help the translator think about possible problems with the translation.

translate/figs-euphemism/01.md

@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ If euphemism would be natural and give the right meaning in your language, consi
 
 > … where there was a cave. Saul went inside to **cover his feet**. (1 Samuel 24:3b ULT) – Some languages might use euphemisms like these:
 >
-> > “… where there was a cave. Saul went into the cave **to dig a hole**“
-> > “… where there was a cave. Saul went into the cave **to have some time alone**“
+> > “… where there was a cave. Saul went into the cave **to dig a hole**”
+> > “… where there was a cave. Saul went into the cave **to have some time alone**”
 >
 > But Mary said to the angel, “How will this be, since I have not **known a man**?” (Luke 1:34 ULT)
 >
-> > But Mary said to the angel, “How will this be, since **I do not know a man**?” - (This is the euphemism used in the original Greek)
+> > But Mary said to the angel, “How will this be, since **I do not know a man**?” – (This is the euphemism used in the original Greek)
 
 (2) State the information plainly without a euphemism if it would not be offensive.
 

translate/figs-hypo/01.md

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Jesus asked the religious leaders what they would do on the Sabbath if one of th
 
 > **Unless those days are shortened, no flesh would be saved**. But for the sake of the elect, those days will be shortened. (Matthew 24:22 ULT)
 
-Jesus was talking about a future time when very bad things would happen. He told what would happen if those days of trouble were to last a long time. He did this to show how bad those days will be––so bad that if they lasted a long time, no one would be saved. But then he clarified that God will shorten those days of trouble so that the elect (those he has chosen) will be saved.
+Jesus was talking about a future time when very bad things would happen. He told what would happen if those days of trouble were to last a long time. He did this to show how bad those days will be—so bad that if they lasted a long time, no one would be saved. But then he clarified that God will shorten those days of trouble so that the elect (those he has chosen) will be saved.
 
 #### Expressing Emotion About a Hypothetical Situation
 

translate/figs-informremind/01.md

@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ If people would understand the purpose of a phrase with a noun, then consider ke
 >
 >
 >
-> By saying “worthless idols,” David was commenting about all idols and giving his reason for hating those who serve them. He was not distinguishing worthless idols from valuable idols.“
+> By saying “worthless idols,” David was commenting about all idols and giving his reason for hating those who serve them. He was not distinguishing worthless idols from valuable idols.
 >
-> > **Because** idols are worthless, I hate those who serve them.”
+> > “**Because** idols are worthless, I hate those who serve them.”
 >
 > … for your **righteous** judgments are good. (Psalm 119:39b ULT)
 >

translate/figs-metaphor/01.md

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Here, God speaks about his salvation as if it were the sun rising in order to sh
 
 Here, “that fox” refers to King Herod. The people listening to Jesus certainly understood that Jesus was intending for them to apply certain characteristics of a fox to Herod. They probably understood that Jesus intended to communicate that Herod was evil, either in a cunning way or as someone who was destructive, murderous, or who took things that did not belong to him, or all of these.
 
-Active metaphors require the translator's special care to make a correct translation. To do so, you need to understand the parts of a metaphor and how they work together to produce meaning.
+Active metaphors require the translator’s special care to make a correct translation. To do so, you need to understand the parts of a metaphor and how they work together to produce meaning.
 
 > Jesus said to them, “I am the bread of life; he who comes to me will not be hungry, and he who believes in me will never be thirsty.” (John 6:35 ULT)
 
@@ -112,9 +112,9 @@ If people do not or would not understand it, here are some other strategies.
 
 (2) If the metaphor seems to be an active metaphor, you can translate it literally **if you think that the target language also uses this metaphor in the same way to mean the same thing as in the Bible**. If you do this, be sure to test it to make sure that the language community understands it correctly.
 
-(3) If the target audience does not realize that it is a metaphor, then change the metaphor to a simile. Some languages do this by adding words such as “like” or “as.” See [Simile](../figs-simile/01.md). (
+(3) If the target audience does not realize that it is a metaphor, then change the metaphor to a simile. Some languages do this by adding words such as “like” or “as.” See [Simile](../figs-simile/01.md).
 
-4) If the target audience would not know the **Image**, see [Translate Unknowns](../translate-unknown/01.md) for ideas on how to translate that image.
+(4) If the target audience would not know the **Image**, see [Translate Unknowns](../translate-unknown/01.md) for ideas on how to translate that image.
 
 (5) If the target audience would not use that **Image** for that meaning, use an image from your own culture instead. Be sure that it is an image that could have been possible in Bible times.
 

translate/figs-pronouns/01.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Personal pronouns refer to people or things and show whether the speaker is refe
 
 **[Reflexive Pronouns](../figs-rpronouns/01.md)** refer to another noun or pronoun in the same sentence: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
 
-* John saw **himself** in the mirror. - The word “himself” refers to John.
+* John saw **himself** in the mirror. The word “himself” refers to John.
 
 **Interrogative Pronouns** are used to make a question that needs more than just a yes or no for an answer: what, which, who, whom, whose.
 

translate/figs-quotations/01.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ A direct quotation occurs when someone reports what another person said from the
 
 * John said, “**I** do not know at what time **I** will arrive.”
 
-An indirect quotation occurs when a speaker reports what someone else said, but in this case, the speaker is reporting it from his own point of view instead and not from the original person's point of view. This kind of quotation usually contains changes in pronouns, and it often includes changes in time, in word choices, and in length. In the example below, the narrator refers to John as “he” in the quotation and uses the word “would” to replace the future tense, indicated by “will.”
+An indirect quotation occurs when a speaker reports what someone else said, but in this case, the speaker is reporting it from his own point of view instead and not from the original person’s point of view. This kind of quotation usually contains changes in pronouns, and it often includes changes in time, in word choices, and in length. In the example below, the narrator refers to John as “he” in the quotation and uses the word “would” to replace the future tense, indicated by “will.”
 
 * John said that **he** did not know at what time **he** would arrive.
 

translate/figs-youdual/title.md

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Forms of ‘You’ - Dual/Plural
+Forms of ‘You’ – Dual/Plural

translate/figs-youformal/title.md

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Forms of ‘You’ - Formal or Informal
+Forms of ‘You’ – Formal or Informal

translate/figs-yousingular/01.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The Bible was first written in the Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek languages. These l
 * Many languages also have different forms of the verb depending on whether the subject is singular or plural. So even if there is no pronoun meaning “you,” translators of these languages will need to know if the speaker was referring to one person or more than one.
 
 Often the context will make it clear whether the word “you” refers to one person or more than one. If you look at the other pronouns in the sentence, they will help you know the number of people the speaker was speaking to.
-Sometimes Greek and Hebrew speakers used the singular form of “you” even though they were speaking to a group of people. (See [Forms of ‘You’ - Singular to a Crowd](../figs-youcrowd/01.md).)
+Sometimes Greek and Hebrew speakers used the singular form of “you” even though they were speaking to a group of people. (See [Forms of ‘You’ – Singular to a Crowd](../figs-youcrowd/01.md).)
 
 ### Examples from the Bible
 

translate/figs-yousingular/title.md

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Forms of ‘You’ - Singular
+Forms of ‘You’ – Singular

translate/file-formats/01.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 While a large part of translation has to do with language, words, and sentences, it is also true that a major aspect of translation is technical in nature. From creating alphabets, typing, typesetting, formatting, publishing, and distributing, there are many technical aspects to translation. In order to make all this possible, there are some standards that have been adopted.
 
-We will refer to “markup language,” which is a system of marking the formatting of a text that won't show when it is published, like putting asterisks or underline symbols around words that then are interpreted by the word processor as formatting.
+We will refer to “markup language,” which is a system of marking the formatting of a text that won’t show when it is published, like putting asterisks or underline symbols around words that then are interpreted by the word processor as formatting.
 
 ### USFM: Bible Translation Format
 

translate/grammar-connect-time-background/01.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Solomon began to worship foreign gods at a time when he was old. Being old is th
 
 > **Now** his parents went **every year** to Jerusalem for the Festival of the Passover. When he was twelve years old, they again went up at the customary time for the feast. (Luke 2:41-42 ULT)
 
-The first event––going to Jerusalem––is ongoing and started long ago. We know this because of the words “every year.” Going to Jerusalem is the background event. Then an event begins that started during the time “when he was twelve years old.” So the main event is the specific time Jesus and his family traveled to Jerualem for the Passover festival **when he was twelve years old.**
+The first event—going to Jerusalem—is ongoing and started long ago. We know this because of the words “every year.” Going to Jerusalem is the background event. Then an event begins that started during the time “when he was twelve years old.” So the main event is the specific time Jesus and his family traveled to Jerualem for the Passover festival **when he was twelve years old.**
 
 > Now it came about that **while** they were there, the time came for the birth of her baby. (Luke 2:6 ULT)
 

translate/grammar-connect-time-simultaneous/01.md

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ The people were both waiting and wondering at the same time. The general connect
 
 > And **while** they were looking intently into heaven **as** he was going up, behold, two men stood by them in white clothing. (Acts 1:10 ULT)
 
-Three events happened at the same time – the disciples looking, Jesus going up, and two men standing. The connector words “**while** “ and “**as** “ tell us this.
+Three events happened at the same time – the disciples looking, Jesus going up, and two men standing. The connector words “**while**” and “**as**” tell us this.
 
 #### Translation Strategies
 

translate/resources-connect/01.md

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Both types of notes are to help you understand the passage better and be aware o
 
 > <sup> 1</sup> It came about that when Jesus had finished instructing his twelve disciples, he departed from there to teach and preach in their cities. <sup> 2</sup> Now when John heard in the prison about the deeds of the Christ, he sent a message by his disciples <sup> 3</sup> and said to him, “Are you the Coming One, or is there another person we should be looking for?” (Matthew 11:1-3 ULT)
 
-* **General Information**: - This is the beginning of a new part of the story where the writer tells of how Jesus responded to disciples of John the Baptist. (See: *Introduction of New Event*)
+* **General Information**: – This is the beginning of a new part of the story where the writer tells of how Jesus responded to disciples of John the Baptist. (See: *Introduction of New Event*)
 
 This note alerts you to the beginning of a new part of a story and gives you a link to a page that tells more about new events and issues concerning translating them.
 

translate/translate-bdistance/01.md

@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ The strategies are all applied to Exodus 25:10 below.
 
 (1) Use the measurements given in the ULT. These are the same kinds of measurements that the original writers used. Spell them in a way that is similar to the way they sound or are spelled in the ULT. (See [Copy or Borrow Words](../translate-transliterate/01.md).)
 
->> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half kubits** ; its width will be **one kubit and a half** ; and its height will be **one kubit and a half**.”
+>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half kubits**; its width will be **one kubit and a half**; and its height will be **one kubit and a half**.”
 
 (2) Use the metric measurements given in the UST. The translators of the UST have already figured how to represent the amounts in the metric system.
 
->> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **one meter** ; its width will be **two thirds of a meter** ; and its height will be **two thirds of a meter**.”
+>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **one meter**; its width will be **two thirds of a meter**; and its height will be **two thirds of a meter**.”
 
 (3) Use measurements that are already used in your language. In order to do this you would need to know how your measurements relate to the metric system and figure out each measurement. For example, if you measure things using the standard meter length, you could translate it as below.
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ The strategies are all applied to Exodus 25:10 below.
 
 (4) Use the measurements from the ULT and include measurements that your people know in the text or a note. The following shows both measurements in the text.
 
->> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half cubits (one meter)**; its width will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)** ; and its height will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**.”
+>> “They are to make an ark of acacia wood. Its length must be **two and a half cubits (one meter)**; its width will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**; and its height will be **one cubit and a half (two thirds of a meter)**.”
 
 (5) Use measurements that your people know, and include the measurements from the ULT in the text or in  a note. The following shows the ULT measurements in notes.
 

translate/translate-transliterate/01.md

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ There are several ways to borrow a word.
 (1) If your language uses a different script from the language you are translating from, you can simply substitute each letter shape with the corresponding letter shape of the script of your language.
 
 > צְפַנְיָ֤ה – A man’s name in Hebrew letters.
->> “Zephaniah” - The same name in Roman letters
+>> “Zephaniah” – The same name in Roman letters
 
 (2) You can spell the word as the other language spells it, and pronounce it the way your language normally pronounces those letters.
 

translate/translate-useultust/01.md

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ When you translate, you will need to decide whether the target language readers
 
 > Christ has **given you so many things**. He helped you to speak his truth and to know God. (1 Corinthians 1:5 UST)
 
-Paul uses a metaphor of material wealth, expressed in the word “rich.” Even though he immediately explains what he means––“in all speech and with all knowledge”––some readers might not understand. The UST presents the idea in a different way, without using the metaphor of material wealth. (See [Metaphor](../figs-metaphor/01.md).)
+Paul uses a metaphor of material wealth, expressed in the word “rich.” Even though he immediately explains what he means—“in all speech and with all knowledge”—some readers might not understand. The UST presents the idea in a different way, without using the metaphor of material wealth. (See [Metaphor](../figs-metaphor/01.md).)
 
 > I send you out **as sheep in the midst of wolves**, (Matthew 10:16 ULT)