Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
HEB	front	intro	xy4n			0		# Introduction to Hebrews<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>#### Outline of the Book of Hebrews<br><br>1. Jesus is superior to God's prophets and angels (1:1-4:13)<br>1. Jesus is superior to the priests who serve in the temple in Jerusalem (4:14-7:28)<br>1. Jesus' ministry is superior to the old covenant that God made with his people (8:1-10:39)<br>1. What faith is like (11:1-40)<br>1. Encouragement to be faithful to God (12:1-29)<br>1. Concluding encouragements and greetings (13:1-25)<br><br>#### Who wrote the Book of Hebrews?<br><br>No one knows who wrote Hebrews. Scholars have suggested several different people who could possibly be the author. Possible authors are Paul, Luke, and Barnabas. The date of writing is also not known. Most scholars think it was written before A.D. 70. Jerusalem was destroyed in A.D. 70, but the writer of this letter spoke about Jerusalem as if it had not yet been destroyed.<br><br>#### What is the Book of Hebrews about?<br><br>In the Book of Hebrews, the author shows that Jesus fulfilled Old Testament prophecies. The author did this in order to encourage the Jewish Christians and to explain that Jesus is better than anything that the old covenant had to offer. Jesus is the perfect High Priest. Jesus was also the perfect sacrifice. Animal sacrifices became useless because Jesus' sacrifice was once and for all time. Therefore, Jesus is the one and only way for people to be accepted by God.<br><br>#### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "Hebrews." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "The Letter to the Hebrews" or "A Letter to the Jewish Christians." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>#### Can readers understand this book without knowing about the sacrifices and the work of the priests required in the Old Testament?<br><br>It would be very difficult for readers to understand this book without understanding these matters. Translators might consider explaining some of these Old Testament concepts in notes or in an introduction to this book.<br><br>#### How is the idea of blood used in the Book of Hebrews?<br><br>Beginning in [Hebrews 9:7](../../heb/09/07.md), the idea of blood is often used as metonymy to represent the death of any animal that was sacrificed according to God's covenant with Israel. The author also used blood to represent the death of Jesus Christ. Jesus became the perfect sacrifice so that God would forgive people for sinning against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])<br><br>Beginning in [Hebrews 9:19](../../heb/09/19.md), the author used the idea of sprinkling as a symbolic action. Old Testament priests sprinkled the blood of the animals sacrificed. This was a symbol of the benefits of the animal's death being applied to the people or to an object. This showed that the people or the object was acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>#### How are the ideas of "holy" and "sanctify" represented in Hebrews in the ULT?<br><br>The scriptures use such words to indicate any one of various ideas. For this reason, it is often difficult for translators to represent them well in their versions. In translating into English, the ULT uses the following principles:<br><br>* Sometimes the meaning in a passage implies moral holiness. Especially important for understanding the gospel is the fact that God views Christians as sinless because they are united to Jesus Christ. Another related fact is that God is perfect and faultless. A third fact that Christians are to conduct themselves in a blameless, faultless manner in life. In these cases, the ULT uses "holy," "holy God," "holy ones," or "holy people."<br>* Sometimes the meaning indicates a simple reference to Christians without implying any particular role filled by them. In these cases, the ULT uses "believer" or "believers." (See: 6:10; 13:24)<br>* Sometimes the meaning implies the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULT uses "sanctify," "set apart," "dedicated to," or "reserved for." (See: 2:11: 9:13; 10:10, 14, 29; 13:12)<br><br>The UST will often be helpful as translators think about how to represent these ideas in their own versions.<br><br>#### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Hebrews?<br><br>For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULT text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.<br><br>* "you crowned him with glory and honor" (2:7). Some older versions read, "you crowned him with glory and honor and you have put him over the works of your hands."<br>* "those who did not unite in faith with those who obeyed" (4:2). Some older versions read, "those who heard it without joining faith to it."<br>* "Christ came as a high priest of the good things that have come" (9:11). Some modern versions and older versions read, "Christ came as a high priest of the good things that are to come."<br>* "on those who were prisoners" (10:34). Some older versions read, "of me in my chains."<br>* "They were stoned. They were sawn in two. They were killed with the sword" (11:37). Some older versions read, "They were stoned. They were sawn in two. They were tempted. They were killed with the sword."<br>* "If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned" (12:20). Some older versions read, "If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned or shot with an arrow."<br><br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])<br>
HEB	1	intro	aaf9			0		# Hebrews 01 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter describes how Jesus is more important to us than the angels are.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:5, 7-13, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>##### "Our ancestors"<br><br>The writer wrote this letter to Christians who had grown up as Jews. This is why the letter is called "Hebrews."<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Rhetorical questions<br><br>The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of proving Jesus is better than the angels. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that God's Son is more important than any of the angels.<br><br>##### Poetry<br><br>Jewish teachers, like the Old Testament prophets, would put their most important teachings in the form of poetry so that the hearers would be able to learn and remember them.<br>
HEB	1	1	c5f3			0	General Information:	Although this letter does not mention the recipients to whom it was sent, the author wrote particularly to Hebrews (Jews), who would have understood the many Old Testament references.
HEB	1	1	c5f3			0	General Information:	This prologue lays the background for the whole book: the unsurpassing greatness of the Son — the Son is greater than all. The book begins with emphasizing that the Son is better than the prophets and the angels.
HEB	1	2	scr8			0	in these last days	"in these final days." This phrase refers to the time when Jesus began his ministry, extending until God establishes his complete rule in his creation.
HEB	1	2	d386	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	through a Son	"Son" here is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	1	2	i93z	figs-metaphor		0	to be the heir of all things	The author speaks of the Son as if he will inherit wealth and property from his Father. Alternate translation: "to possess all things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	2	gqj8			0	It is through him that God also made the universe	"It is through the Son that God also made all things"
HEB	1	3	hn4q			0	the brightness of God's glory	"the light of his glory." God's glory is associated with a very bright light. The author is saying that the Son embodies that light and fully represents God's glory.
HEB	1	3	b7jc			0	glory, the exact representation of his being	"glory, the image of God's being." The "the exact representation of his being" is similar in meaning to "the brightness of God's glory." The Son embodies the character and essence of God and fully represents everything that God is. Alternate translation: "glory and is just like God" or "glory, and what is true about God is true about the Son"
HEB	1	3	ms8z	figs-metonymy		0	the word of his power	"his powerful word." Here "word" refers to a message or command. Alternate translation: "his powerful command" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	1	3	l1pg	figs-abstractnouns		0	After he had made cleansing for sins	The abstract noun "cleansing" can be expressed as a verb: "making clean." Alternate translation: "After he had finished making us clean from sins" or "After he had finished purifying us from our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	1	3	f729	figs-metaphor		0	he had made cleansing for sins	The author speaks of forgiving sins as if it were making a person clean. Alternate translation: "he had made it possible for God to forgive our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	3	xij7	translate:translate_symaction		0	he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high	To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the Majesty on high" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate:translate_symaction]])
HEB	1	3	ir7x	figs-metonymy		0	the Majesty on high	Here "Majesty" refers to God. Alternate translation: "God Most High" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	1	4	mn1p			0	General Information:	The first prophetic quotation (You are my son) comes from the Psalms. The prophet Samuel wrote the second one (I will be a father to him). All occurrences of "he" refer to Jesus, the Son. The word "You" refers to Jesus, and the words "I" and "me" refer to God the Father.
HEB	1	4	x4bh			0	He has become	"The Son has become"
HEB	1	4	fzg3	figs-metonymy		0	as the name he has inherited is more excellent than their name	Here "name" refers to honor and authority. Alternate translation: "as the honor and authority he has inherited is superior to their honor and authority" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	1	4	qt7q	figs-metaphor		0	he has inherited	The author speaks of receiving honor and authority as if he were inheriting wealth and property from his father. Alternate translation: "he has received" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	5	ww5h	figs-rquestion		0	For to which of the angels did God ever say, "You are my son ... a son to me"?	This question emphasizes that God does not call any angel his son. Alternate translation: "For God never said to any of the angels 'You are my son ... a son to me.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	1	5	t48e	figs-parallelism		0	You are my son ... I have become your father	These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
HEB	1	6	b6dy			0	General Information:	The first quotation in this section, "All God's angels ... him," comes from one of the books that Moses wrote. The second quotation, "He is the one who makes ... fire," is from the Psalms.
HEB	1	6	b4s2	figs-metaphor		0	the firstborn	This means Jesus. The author refers to him as the "firstborn" to emphasize the Son's importance and authority over everyone else. It does not imply that there was a time before Jesus existed or that God has other sons like Jesus. Alternate translation: "his honored Son, his only Son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	6	n7ph			0	he says	"God says"
HEB	1	7	isd8	figs-metaphor		0	He is the one who makes his angels spirits, and his servants flames of fire	Possible meanings are 1) "God has made his angels to be spirits who serve him with power like flames of fire" or 2) God makes the wind and flames of fire his messengers and servants. In the original language the word for "angel" is the same as "messenger," and the word for "spirits" is the same as "wind." With either possible meaning, the point is that the angels serve the Son because he is superior. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	8	vl1n			0	General Information:	This scriptual quotation comes from the Psalms.
HEB	1	8	p1xx			0	But to the Son he says	"But God says this to the Son"
HEB	1	8	b155	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	Son	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	1	8	ewm4	figs-metonymy		0	Your throne, God, is forever and ever	The Son's throne represents his rule. Alternate translation: "You are God, and your reign will last forever and ever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	1	8	k4cf	figs-metonymy		0	The scepter of your kingdom is the scepter of justice	Here "scepter" refers to the Son's rule. Alternate translation: "And you will rule over the people of your kingdom with justice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	1	9	t9yw	figs-metaphor		0	has anointed you with the oil of joy more than your companions	Here "oil of joy" refers to the joy that the Son felt when God honored him. Alternate translation: "has honored you and made you more joyful than anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	10	nsd4			0	General Information:	This quotation comes from another Psalm.
HEB	1	10	zp5r			0	Connecting Statement:	The author continues explaining that Jesus is superior to the angels.
HEB	1	10	tmu5			0	In the beginning	"Before anything existed"
HEB	1	10	j64k	figs-metaphor		0	you laid the earth's foundation	The author speaks of God creating the earth as if he built a building on a foundation. Alternate translation: "you created the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	10	r19v	figs-metonymy		0	The heavens are the work of your hands	Here "hands" refer to God's power and action. Alternate translation: "You made the heavens" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	1	11	a6le			0	They will perish	"The heavens and earth will disappear" or "The heavens and earth will no longer exist"
HEB	1	11	qy4e	figs-simile		0	wear out like a piece of clothing	The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a piece of clothing that will get old and eventually become useless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
HEB	1	12	n4hl	figs-simile		0	roll them up like a cloak	The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a robe or another kind of outer garment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
HEB	1	12	iv4r	figs-simile		0	they will be changed like a piece of clothing	The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were clothing that could be exchanged for other clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
HEB	1	12	i761	figs-activepassive		0	they will be changed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you will change them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	1	12	v5mf	figs-metaphor		0	your years do not end	Periods of time are used to represent God's eternal existence. Alternate translation: "your life will never end" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	13	pqs9			0	General Information:	This quotation comes from another Psalm.
HEB	1	13	kz68	figs-rquestion		0	But to which of the angels has God said at any time ... feet"?	The author uses a question to emphasize that God has never said this to an angel. Alternate translation: "But God has never said to an angel at any time ... feet.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	1	13	s6k7	translate-symaction		0	Sit at my right hand	To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: "Sit in the place of honor beside me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	1	13	ulp5	figs-metaphor		0	until I make your enemies a stool for your feet	Christ's enemies are spoken of as if they will become an object on which a king rests his feet. This image represents defeat and dishonor for his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	1	14	fk5v	figs-rquestion		0	Are not all angels spirits ... inherit salvation?	The author uses this question to remind the readers that angels are not as powerful as Christ, but they have a different role. Alternate translation: "All angels are spirits who ... inherit salvation." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	1	14	v541	figs-metaphor		0	for those who will inherit salvation	Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: "for those whom God will save" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	intro	s2gd			0		# Hebrews 02 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is about how Jesus is better than Moses, the greatest Israelite.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 2:6-8, 12-13, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Brothers<br><br>The author probably uses the term "brothers" to refer to Christians who grew up as Jews.<br><br>* __[Hebrews 02:01 Notes](./01.md)__<br><br>__[<<](../01/intro.md) | [>>](../03/intro.md)__<br>
HEB	2	1	x7px			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the first of five urgent warnings the author gives.
HEB	2	1	c72f	figs-inclusive		0	we must	Here "we" refers to the author and includes his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	2	1	ayd1	figs-metaphor		0	so that we do not drift away from it	Possible meanings for this metaphor are 1) people who stop believing in God's word are spoken of as if they were drifting away, like a boat drifts from its position in the water. Alternate translation: "so that we do not stop believing it" or 2) people who stop obeying God's words are spoken of as if they were drifting away, like a boat drifts from its position in the water. Alternate translation: "so that we do not stop obeying it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	2	j4fa	figs-explicit		0	For if the message that was spoken through the angels	The Jews believed that God spoke his law to Moses through angels. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For if the message that God spoke through the angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	2	2	k5kb			0	For if the message	The author is certain that these things are true. Alternate translation: "Because the message"
HEB	2	2	u52i	figs-metonymy		0	every trespass and disobedience receives just punishment	Here "trespass" and "disobedience" stand for the people who are guilty of these sins. Alternate translation: "every person who sins and disobeys will receive just punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	2	2	y2y7	figs-doublet		0	trespass and disobedience	These two words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	2	3	fv4q	figs-rquestion		0	how then can we escape if we ignore so great a salvation?	The author uses a question to emphasize that the people will certainly receive punishment if they refuse God's salvation through Christ. Alternate translation: "then God will certainly punish us if we do not pay attention to his message about how God will save us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	2	3	i2zv			0	ignore	"pay no attention to" or "consider unimportant"
HEB	2	3	gm6v	figs-activepassive		0	This is salvation that was first announced by the Lord and confirmed to us by those who heard it	This can be stated in active form. The abstract noun "salvation" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "The Lord himself first announced the message about how God will save us and then those who heard the message confirmed it to us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	2	4	m2p8			0	according to his will	"in just the way he wanted to do it"
HEB	2	5	jh56			0	General Information:	The quotation here is from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. It continues on through the next section.
HEB	2	5	v7qf			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer reminds these Hebrew believers that the earth will one day be under the rule of the Lord Jesus.
HEB	2	5	i3bh			0	For it was not to the angels that God subjected	"For God did not make the angels rulers over"
HEB	2	5	rqr9	figs-metonymy		0	the world to come	Here "world" refers to the people who live there. And "to come" means that this is the world in the next age after Christ returns. Alternate translation: "the people who will live in the new world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	2	6	df5a	figs-rquestion		0	What is man, that you are mindful of him?	This rhetorical question emphasizes the insignificance of humans and expresses surprise that God would pay attention to them. Alternate translation: "Humans are insignificant, and yet you are mindful of them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	2	6	wkd9	figs-idiom		0	Or a son of man, that you care for him?	The idiom "son of man" refers to human beings. This rhetorical question means basically the same thing as the first question. It expresses surprise that God would care for humans, who are insignificant. Alternate translation: "Human beings are of little importance, and yet you care for them!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	2	6	e47v	figs-ellipsis		0	Or a son of man	The verb may be supplied from the previous question. Alternate translation: "Or what is a son of man" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
HEB	2	7	ka5a	figs-metaphor		0	a little lower than the angels	The author speaks of people being less important than angels as if the people are standing in a position that is lower than the angels' position. Alternate translation: "less important than the angels" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	7	tjn6	figs-genericnoun		0	made man ... crowned him	Here, these phrases do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general, including both males and females. Alternate translation: "made humans ... crowned them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	2	7	s85x	figs-metaphor		0	you crowned him with glory and honor	The gifts of glory and honor are spoken of as if they were a wreath of leaves placed on the head of a victorious athlete. Alternate translation: "you have given them great glory and honor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	8	ac9f	figs-genericnoun		0	his feet ... to him	Here, these phrases do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general, including both males and females. Alternate translation: "their feet ... to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	2	8	k5j2	figs-metaphor		0	You put everything in subjection under his feet	The author speaks of humans having control over everything as if they have stepped on everything with their feet. Alternate translation: "You have given them control over everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	8	rf44	figs-doublenegatives		0	He did not leave anything not subjected to him	This double negative means that all things will be subject to Christ. Alternate translation: "God made everything subject to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	2	8	xy7c			0	we do not yet see everything subjected to him	"we know that humans are not in control of everything yet"
HEB	2	9	ijd1			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer reminds these Hebrew believers that Christ became lower than the angels when he came to earth to suffer death for forgiveness of sins, and that he became a merciful high priest to believers.
HEB	2	9	gi12			0	we see him	"we know there is one"
HEB	2	9	ma4j	figs-activepassive		0	who was made	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God made" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	2	9	i4fc			0	lower than the angels ... crowned with glory and honor	See how you translated these words in [Hebrews 2:7](../02/07.md).
HEB	2	9	bil4	figs-metaphor		0	he might taste death	The experience of death is spoken of as if it were food that people can taste. Alternate translation: "he might experience death" or "he might die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	10	r899	figs-metaphor		0	bring many sons to glory	The gift of glory is spoken of here as if it were a place to which people could be brought. Alternate translation: "save many sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	10	l95y	figs-gendernotations		0	many sons	Here this refers to believers in Christ, including males and females. Alternate translation: "many believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	2	10	sw9t	figs-metaphor		0	the leader of their salvation	Possible meanings are 1) this is a metaphor in which the writer speaks of salvation as if it were a destination and of Jesus as the person who goes before the people on the road and leads them to salvation. Alternate translation: "the one who leads people to salvation" or 2) the word translated here as "leader" can mean "founder" and the author speaks of Jesus as the one who establishes salvation, or makes it possible for God to save people. Alternate translation: "the one who makes their salvation possible" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	10	l321	figs-metaphor		0	complete	Becoming mature and completely trained is spoken of as if a person were made complete, perhaps complete in all his body parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	11	jy9p			0	General Information:	This prophetic quotation comes from a Psalm of King David.
HEB	2	11	ky9v			0	the one who sanctifies	"the one who makes others holy" or "the one who makes others pure from sin"
HEB	2	11	jzw3	figs-activepassive		0	those who are sanctified	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom he makes holy" or "those whom he makes pure from sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	2	11	bj7i	figs-explicit		0	have one source	Who that source is can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "have one source, God himself" or "have the same Father" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	2	11	ul23			0	he is not ashamed	"Jesus is not ashamed"
HEB	2	11	k1q5	figs-doublenegatives		0	is not ashamed to call them brothers	This double negative means that he will claim them as his brothers. Alternate translation: "is pleased to call them his brothers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	2	11	a8h9	figs-gendernotations		0	brothers	Here this refers to all who have believed in Jesus, including both men and women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	2	12	e88p	figs-metonymy		0	I will proclaim your name to my brothers	Here "name" refers to the person's reputation and what they have done. Alternate translation: "I will proclaim to my brothers the great things you have done" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	2	12	tn8n			0	from inside the assembly	"when believers come together to worship God"
HEB	2	13	dx1q			0	General Information:	The prophet Isaiah wrote these quotations.
HEB	2	13	s1fp			0	And again,	"And a prophet wrote in another scripture passage what Christ said about God:"
HEB	2	13	xap9	figs-metaphor		0	the children	This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were children. Alternate translation: "those who are like my children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	14	qj3d	figs-metaphor		0	the children	This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were children. Alternate translation: "those who are like my children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	14	ndv2	figs-idiom		0	share in flesh and blood	The phrase "flesh and blood" refers to people's human nature. Alternate translation: "are all human beings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HEB	2	14	fy7a			0	he likewise shared in the same	"Jesus in the same way shared in flesh and blood" or "Jesus became human in the same way they did"
HEB	2	14	p878	figs-abstractnouns		0	through death	Here "death" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "by dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	2	14	ij54	figs-abstractnouns		0	has the power of death	Here "death" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "has the power to cause people to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	2	15	w3cr	figs-metaphor		0	This was so that he would free all those who through fear of death lived all their lives in slavery	The fear of death is spoken of as if it were slavery. Taking away someone's fear is spoken of as it were freeing that person from slavery. Alternate translation: "This was so he might free all people. For we lived like slaves because we were afraid of dying" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	16	d4cc	figs-metaphor		0	the seed of Abraham	Descendants of Abraham are spoken of as if they were his seed. Alternate translation: "the descendants of Abraham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	2	17	agw2			0	it was necessary for him	"it was necessary for Jesus"
HEB	2	17	v3pw			0	like his brothers	Here "brothers" refers to people in general. Alternate translation: "like human beings"
HEB	2	17	u6ch			0	he would bring about the pardon of the people's sins	Christ's death on the cross means that God can forgive sins. Alternate translation: "he would make it possible for God to forgive people's sins"
HEB	2	18	xde4	figs-activepassive		0	was tempted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Satan tempted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	2	18	a3a6	figs-activepassive		0	who are tempted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom Satan is tempting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	3	intro	mu26			0		# Hebrews 03 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 3:7-11,15, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Brothers<br><br>The author probably uses the term "brothers" to refer to Christians who grew up as Jews.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Harden your hearts<br><br>A person who hardens his heart is a person who will not listen to or obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>##### Rhetorical questions<br><br>The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of warning his readers. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that they need to listen to God and obey him.<br>
HEB	3	1	m1cv			0	Connecting Statement:	This second warning is longer and more detailed and includes chapters 3 and 4. The writer begins by showing that Christ is better than his servant Moses.
HEB	3	1	tp7e	figs-metaphor		0	holy brothers	Here "brothers" refer to fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: "holy brothers and sisters" or "my holy fellow believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	3	1	af15	figs-metonymy		0	you share in a heavenly calling	Here "heavenly" represents God. Alternate translation: "God has called us together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	3	1	zma3			0	the apostle and high priest	Here the word "apostle" means someone who has been sent. In this passage, it does not refer to any of the twelve apostles. Alternate translation: "the one whom God sent and is the high priest"
HEB	3	1	mnd4	figs-abstractnouns		0	of our confession	This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "confession" is expressed as the verb "confess." Alternate translation: "whom we confess" or "in whom we believe" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	3	2	eqp7	figs-metaphor		0	in God's house	The Hebrew people to whom God revealed himself are spoken of as if they were a literal house. Alternate translation: "to all of God's people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	3	py5n	figs-activepassive		0	Jesus has been considered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has considered Jesus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	3	4	f8n8	figs-metaphor		0	the one who built everything	God's acts of creating the world are spoken of as if he had built a house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	4	wvw1	figs-activepassive		0	every house is built by someone	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "every house has someone who built it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	3	5	d57q	figs-metaphor		0	in God's entire house	The Hebrew people to whom God revealed himself are spoken of as if they were a literal house. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:2](../03/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	5	m4xr	figs-metonymy		0	bearing witness about the things	This phrase probably refers to all of Moses' work. Alternate translation: "Moses' life and work pointed to the things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	3	5	gt8c	figs-activepassive		0	were to be spoken of in the future	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Jesus would say in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	3	6	dgt5	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	Son	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	3	6	djm7	figs-metaphor		0	in charge of God's house	This speaks about God's people as if they were a literal house. Alternate translation: "who rules over God's people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	6	ly4x	figs-metaphor		0	We are his house	This speaks of God's people as if they are a literal house. Alternate translation: "We are God's people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	6	kp9y	figs-abstractnouns		0	if we hold fast to our courage and the hope of which we boast	Here "courage" and "hope" are abstract and can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "if we continue to be courageous and joyfully expect God to do what he has promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	3	7	c4sl			0	General Information:	This quotation comes from the Old Testament in the book of Psalms.
HEB	3	7	z2uk			0	Connecting Statement:	The warning here is a reminder that the Israelites' unbelief kept almost all of them from entering into the land that God had promised them.
HEB	3	7	u66q	figs-metonymy		0	if you hear his voice	God's "voice" represents him speaking. Alternate translation: "when you hear God speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	3	8	gl2k	figs-metonymy		0	do not harden your hearts	Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind. The phrase "harden your hearts" is a metaphor for being stubborn. Alternate translation: "do not be stubborn" or "do not refuse to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	3	8	lik3	figs-abstractnouns		0	as in the rebellion, in the time of testing in the wilderness	Here "rebellion" and "testing" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "as when your ancestors rebelled against God and tested him in the wilderness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	3	9	e6n7			0	General Information:	This quotation is from the Psalms.
HEB	3	9	i3wb	figs-you		0	your ancestors	Here "your" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
HEB	3	9	q7c2			0	by testing me	Here "me" refers to God.
HEB	3	9	we42	translate-numbers		0	forty years	"40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
HEB	3	10	upb8			0	I was displeased	"I was angry" or "I was greatly unhappy"
HEB	3	10	kh4v	figs-metaphor		0	They have always gone astray in their hearts	Here "gone astray in their hearts" is a metaphor for not being loyal to God. Here "hearts" is a metonym for minds or desires. Alternate translation: "They have always rejected me" or "They have always refused to obey me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	3	10	l5t7	figs-metaphor		0	They have not known my ways	This speaks of a manner of conducting one's life as if it were a way or a path. Alternate translation: "They have not understood how I want them to conduct their lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	11	tz3l	figs-metaphor		0	They will never enter my rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "I will never allow them to experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	12	gv84	figs-metaphor		0	brothers	Here this refers to fellow Christians including males and females. Alternate translation: "brothers and sisters" or "fellow believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	3	12	lma5	figs-metonymy		0	there will not be anyone with an evil heart of unbelief, a heart that turns away from the living God	Here "heart" is a metonym that represents a person's mind or will. Refusing to believe and obey God is spoken of as if the heart did not believe and it physically turned away from God. Alternate translation: "there will not be any of you who refuse to believe the truth and who stop obeying the living God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	12	kjm7			0	the living God	"the true God who is really alive"
HEB	3	13	d3k2			0	as long as it is called "today,"	"while there is still opportunity,"
HEB	3	13	m1e7	figs-activepassive		0	no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the deceitfulness of sin will not harden any of you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	3	13	b198	figs-abstractnouns		0	no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin	Being stubborn is spoken of as being hard or having a hard heart. The hardness is a result of being deceived by sin. This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "deceitfulness" is expressed as the verb "deceive." Alternate translation: "no one among you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn" or "you do not sin, deceiving yourselves so that you become stubborn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	14	znu5			0	General Information:	This continues the quotation from the same psalm that was also quoted in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md).
HEB	3	14	f52j	figs-inclusive		0	For we have become	Here "we" refers to both the writer and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	3	14	e753			0	if we firmly hold to our confidence in him	"if we continue to confidently trust in him"
HEB	3	14	j3aq			0	from the beginning	"from when we first begin to believe in him"
HEB	3	14	l9en	figs-euphemism		0	to the end	This is a polite way of referring to when a person dies. Alternate translation: "until we die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
HEB	3	15	bym1	figs-activepassive		0	it has been said	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the writer wrote" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	3	15	wa11	figs-metonymy		0	if you hear his voice	God's "voice" represents him speaking. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: "when you hear God speak" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	3	15	j8dh	figs-abstractnouns		0	as in the rebellion	Here "rebellion" can be stated as a verb. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: "as when your ancestors rebelled against God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	3	16	b4jy	figs-inclusive		0	General Information:	The word "they" refers to the disobedient Israelites, and "we" refers to the author and readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	3	16	pwl2	figs-rquestion		0	Who was it who heard God and rebelled? Was it not all those who came out of Egypt through Moses?	The author uses questions to teach his readers. These two questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: "All those who came out of Egypt with Moses heard God, yet they still rebelled." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	3	17	swy4	figs-rquestion		0	With whom was he angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness?	The author uses questions to teach his readers. These two questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: "For forty years, God was angry with those who sinned, and he let them die in the wilderness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	3	17	aha2	translate-numbers		0	forty years	"40 years" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
HEB	3	18	l1gc	figs-rquestion		0	To whom did he swear that they would not enter his rest, if it was not to those who disobeyed him?	The author uses this question to teach his readers. Alternate translation: "And it was to those who disobeyed that he swore they would not enter his rest." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	3	18	q16u	figs-metaphor		0	they would not enter his rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "they would not enter the place of rest" or "they would not experience his blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	3	19	x18z	figs-abstractnouns		0	because of unbelief	The abstract noun "unbelief" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "because they did not believe him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	4	intro	u72n			0		# Hebrews 04 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter tells why Jesus is the greatest high priest.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:3-4, 7, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### God's rest<br><br>The word "rest" seems to refer to at least two things in this chapter. It refers to a place or time when God will allow his people to rest from their work ([Hebrews 4:3](../../heb/04/03.md)), and it refers to God resting on the seventh day ([Hebrews 4:4](../../heb/04/04.md)).<br>
HEB	4	1	n98m			0	Connecting Statement:	Chapter 4 continues the warning to believers starting in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). God, through the writer, gives believers a rest of which God's rest in the creation of the world is a picture.
HEB	4	1	ay25			0	Therefore	"Because what I have just said is true" or "Since God will certainly punish those who do not obey"
HEB	4	1	zta2	figs-metaphor		0	none of you might seem to have failed to reach the promise left behind for you to enter God's rest	God's promise is spoken of as if it were a gift that God left behind when he visited the people. Alternate translation: "none of you fail to enter into God's rest, which he promised to us" or "God will allow you all to enter into his rest as he promised us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	1	ev85	figs-metaphor		0	to enter God's rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "to enter the place of rest" or "to experience God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	2	m74h	figs-activepassive		0	For we were told the good news just as they were	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For we heard the good news just as they did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	4	2	znk9			0	as they were	Here "they" refers to the Hebrews' ancestors who were alive during the time of Moses.
HEB	4	2	zza4	figs-doublenegatives		0	But that message did not benefit those who did not unite in faith with those who obeyed	"But that message did not benefit those who did not join with the people who believed and obeyed." The author is talking about two groups of people, those who received God's covenant with faith, and those who heard it but did not believe. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "But that message benefited only those who believed and obeyed it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	4	3	v4q4			0	General Information:	Here the first quotation, "As I swore ... rest," is from a psalm. The second quotation, "God rested on ... deeds," is from Moses' writings. The third quotation, "They will never enter ... rest," is again from the same psalm.
HEB	4	3	u5yh			0	we who have believed	"we who believe"
HEB	4	3	w6t4	figs-metaphor		0	we who have believed enter that rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "we who have believed will enter the place of rest" or "we who have believed will experience God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	3	x2kq			0	just as he said	"just as God said"
HEB	4	3	qfs8			0	As I swore in my wrath	"As I swore when I was very angry"
HEB	4	3	k1ld	figs-metaphor		0	They will never enter my rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "They will never enter the place of rest" or "They will never experience my blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	3	x8zv	figs-activepassive		0	his works were finished	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he finished creating" or "he finished his works of creation" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	4	3	vym3	figs-metaphor		0	from the foundation of the world	The author speaks of the world as if it were a building set on a foundation. Alternate translation: "at the beginning of the world" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	4	hbm5	translate-ordinal		0	the seventh day	This is the ordinal number for "seven." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HEB	4	6	zq16	figs-activepassive		0	it still remains that some will enter his rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God still allows some people to enter his place of rest" or "God still allows some people to experience his blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	7	y2tm			0	General Information:	Here we find out that this quotation from the Psalms was written by David ([Hebrews 3:7-8](../03/07.md)).
HEB	4	7	bp6u	figs-metaphor		0	if you hear his voice	God's commands to Israel are spoken of as if he had given them in an audible voice. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: "if you hear God speaking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	7	lsp6	figs-metonymy		0	do not harden your hearts	Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's mind. The phrase "harden your hearts" is a metaphor for being stubborn. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: "do not be stubborn" or "do not refuse to listen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	4	8	r56z			0	Connecting Statement:	Here the writer warns believers not to disobey but to enter into the rest God offers. He reminds them that God's word will convict them and that they can come in prayer with the confidence that God will help them.
HEB	4	8	mdq9	figs-metaphor		0	if Joshua had given them rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were rest that Joshua could give. Alternate translation: "if Joshua had brought the Israelites to the place where God would give them rest" or "if the Israelites during the time of Joshua had experienced God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	9	vhx9	figs-activepassive		0	there is still a Sabbath rest reserved for God's people	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "there is still a Sabbath rest that God has reserved for his people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	4	9	qe6x	figs-metaphor		0	a Sabbath rest	Eternal peace and security are spoken of as if they were the Sabbath day, the Jewish day of worship and rest from working. Alternate translation: "an eternal rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	10	ej9y	figs-metaphor		0	he who enters into God's rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they are a place to enter. Alternate translation: "the person who enters into God's place of rest" or "the person who experiences God's blessings of rest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	11	bmg5	figs-metaphor		0	let us be eager to enter that rest	The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were a place to enter. Alternate translation: "we should also do everything we can to rest with God where he is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	11	rtj7	figs-metaphor		0	will fall into the kind of disobedience that they did	Disobedience is spoken of as if it were a hole that a person could physically fall into by accident. This passage can be reworded so that the abstract noun "disobedience" is expressed as the verb "disobey." Alternate translation: "will disobey in the same way as they did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	4	11	l39t			0	that they did	Here "they" refers to the Hebrews' ancestors during the time of Moses.
HEB	4	12	h5d2			0	the word of God is living	Here "word of God" refers to anything that God has communicated to humanity, whether through speech or through written messages. Alternate translation: "the words of God are living"
HEB	4	12	j9qy	figs-personification		0	living and active	This speaks about God's word as if it were alive. It means when God speaks, it is powerful and effective. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	4	12	g4tc	figs-metaphor		0	sharper than any two-edged sword	A two-edged sword can easily cut through a person's flesh. God's word is very effective in showing what is in a person's heart and thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	12	lv6y			0	two-edged sword	a sword with a blade that is sharp on both edges
HEB	4	12	e7kv	figs-metaphor		0	It pierces even to the dividing of soul and spirit, of joints and marrow	This continues speaking about God's word as if it were a sword. Here the sword is so sharp that it can cut through and divide parts of the human that are very difficult or even impossible to divide. This means that there is nothing inside us that we can hide from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	12	m6f2			0	soul and spirit	These are two different but closely related nonphysical parts of a human. The "soul" is what causes a person to be alive. The "spirit" is the part of a person that causes him to be able to know and believe in God.
HEB	4	12	sc3m			0	joints and marrow	The "joint" is what holds two bones together. The "marrow" is the center part of the bone.
HEB	4	12	n6n5	figs-personification		0	is able to discern	This speaks about God's word as if it were a person who could know something. Alternate translation: "exposes" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	4	12	xdu4	figs-metonymy		0	the thoughts and intentions of the heart	"Heart" here is a metonym for "inner self."  Alternate translation: "what a person is thinking and intends to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	4	13	nx6n	figs-activepassive		0	Nothing created is hidden before God	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Nothing that God has created can hide from him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	4	13	f3h1	figs-metaphor		0	everything is bare and open	This speaks about all things as if they were a person standing bare, or a box that is open. Alternate translation: "everything is completely exposed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	13	yk64	figs-doublet		0	bare and open	These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that nothing is hidden from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	4	13	i9hh	figs-metaphor		0	to the eyes of the one to whom we must give account	God is spoken of as if he had eyes. Alternate translation: "to God, who will judge how we have lived" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	14	a51p			0	who has passed through the heavens	"who has entered where God is"
HEB	4	14	ph6z	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	4	14	vt4v	figs-metaphor		0	let us firmly hold to our beliefs	Belief and trust are spoken of as if they were objects that a person could grasp firmly. Alternate translation: "let us continue to believe confidently in him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	4	15	i2fw	figs-doublenegatives		0	we do not have a high priest who cannot feel sympathy ... Instead, we have	This double negative means that, in fact, Jesus does feel sympathy with people. Alternate translation: "we have a high priest who can feel sympathy ... Indeed, we have" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	4	15	d26h	figs-activepassive		0	who has in all ways been tempted as we are	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who has endured temptation in every way that we have" or "whom the devil has tempted in every way that he tempts us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	4	15	fve3			0	he is without sin	"he did not sin"
HEB	4	16	aj1p	figs-metonymy		0	to the throne of grace	"to God's throne, where there is grace." Here "throne" refers to God ruling as king. Alternate translation: "to where our gracious God is sitting on his throne" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	4	16	py6d	figs-metaphor		0	we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need	Here "mercy" and "grace" are spoken of as if they were objects that can be given or can be found. Alternate translation: "God may be merciful and gracious and help us in time of need" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	intro	b67j			0		# Hebrews 05 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter is a continuation of the teaching of the previous chapter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 5:5-6.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### High priest<br><br>Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi.<br><br>#### Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>##### Milk and solid food<br><br>The writer speaks of Christians who are only able to understand simple things about Jesus as if they were babies, who drink only milk and cannot eat solid food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br>
HEB	5	1	dn18			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer describes the sinfulness of the Old Testament priests, then he shows that Christ has a better kind of priesthood, not based on Aaron's priesthood but on the priesthood of Melchizedek.
HEB	5	1	whq1	figs-activepassive		0	chosen from among people	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God chooses from among the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	1	ndz7	figs-activepassive		0	is appointed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God appoints" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	1	mzd9			0	to act on the behalf of people	"to represent the people"
HEB	5	2	gt9j	figs-activepassive		0	those ... who have been deceived	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those ... whom others have deceived" or "those ... who believe what is false" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	2	f781			0	who have been deceived	"who believe false things and so behave badly"
HEB	5	2	ny8u	figs-metaphor		0	is subject to weakness	The high priest's own weakness is spoken of as if it were a another person who rules over him. Alternate translation: "is spiritually weak" or "is weak against sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	2	ihs9			0	weakness	the desire to sin
HEB	5	3	q5xi	figs-activepassive		0	he also is required	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God also requires him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	4	c45n			0	General Information:	This quotation is from the Psalms in the Old Testament.
HEB	5	4	c336	figs-metaphor		0	takes this honor	Honor is spoken of as if it were an object that a person could grasp in his hands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	4	n2e1	figs-metonymy		0	takes this honor	The "honor" or praise and respect that people gave to the high priest stand for his task. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	5	4	p6hc	figs-activepassive		0	he is called by God, just as Aaron was	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God called him, just as he called Aaron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	5	pr3f			0	the one speaking to him said	"God said to him"
HEB	5	5	i694	figs-parallelism		0	You are my Son; today I have become your Father	These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
HEB	5	5	mfa8	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	Son ... Father	These are important titles that describe the relationship between Jesus and God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	5	6	bce6			0	General Information:	This prophecy is from a Psalm of David.
HEB	5	6	ds6v	figs-ellipsis		0	he also says	To whom God is speaking can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "he also says to Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
HEB	5	6	k5uw			0	in another place	"in another place in the scriptures"
HEB	5	6	ede5			0	after the manner of Melchizedek	This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest"
HEB	5	7	mv2c	figs-metonymy		0	During the days of his flesh	Here "the days" stands for a period of time. And, "flesh" stand for Jesus's earthly life. Alternate translation: "While he lived on earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	5	7	iel9	figs-doublet		0	prayers and requests	Both of these words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	5	7	p6zm			0	the one able to save him from death	Possible meanings are 1) God was able to save Christ so that he would not die. Alternate translation: 'to save him from dying" or 2) God was able to save Christ after Christ's death by making him alive again. If possible, translate this in a way that allows both interpretations.
HEB	5	7	e75a	figs-activepassive		0	he was heard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God heard him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	8	mk8z	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	a son	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	5	9	z2bv			0	Connecting Statement:	In verse 11 the writer begins his third warning. He warns these believers that they are still not mature and encourages them to learn God's word so they can understand right from wrong.
HEB	5	9	i29c	figs-activepassive		0	He was made perfect	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God made him perfect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	9	n5qt			0	made perfect	Here this means being made mature, able to honor God in all aspects of life.
HEB	5	9	p9ug	figs-abstractnouns		0	became, for everyone who obeys him, the cause of eternal salvation	The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "now he saves all who obey him and causes them to live forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	5	10	b9su	figs-activepassive		0	He was designated by God	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God designated him" or "God appointed him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	5	10	hd47			0	after the manner of Melchizedek	This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "to be the sort of high priest that Melchizedek was"
HEB	5	11	cm78	figs-pronouns		0	We have much to say	Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: "I have much to say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
HEB	5	11	r2u2	figs-metaphor		0	you have become dull in hearing	The ability to understand and obey is spoken of as if it were the ability to listen. And the ability to listen is spoken of as if it were a metal tool that becomes dull with use. Alternate translation: "you have trouble understanding it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	12	lw1a			0	basic principles	Here "principles" means a guideline or standard for making decisions. Alternate translation: "basic truths"
HEB	5	12	wy2h	figs-metaphor		0	You need milk	Teaching about God that is easy to understand is spoken of as if it were milk, the only food that infants can take. Alternate translation: "You have become like babies and can drink only milk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	12	yk1q	figs-metaphor		0	milk, not solid food	Teaching about God that is difficult to understand is spoken of as if it were solid food, suitable for adults. Alternate translation: "milk instead of solid food that adults can eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	13	nhx3	figs-metonymy		0	takes milk	Here "takes" stands for "drinks." Alternate translation: "drinks milk" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	5	13	vl7k	figs-metaphor		0	because he is still a little child	Spiritual maturity is compared with the kind of food that a growing child eats. Solid food is not for a tiny baby, and that is a figure describing a young Christian who only learns simple truths; but later, more solid food is given to the little child, just as when a person matures he can learn about matters that are more difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	5	14	e3yh	figs-metonymy		0	who because of their maturity have their understanding trained for distinguishing good from evil	People trained to understand something are spoken of as if their ability to understand had been trained. Alternate translation: "who are mature and can distinguish between good and evil" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	6	intro	nz5i			0		# Hebrews 06 General Notes<br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Abrahamic Covenant<br><br>In the covenant that God made with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham's descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect Abraham's descendants and to give them land of their own. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br>
HEB	6	1	f1nk			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer continues with what immature Hebrew believers need to do to become mature Christians. He reminds them of the foundational teachings.
HEB	6	1	i4xr	figs-metaphor		0	let us leave the beginning of the message of Christ and move forward to maturity	This speaks about the basic teachings as if they were the beginning of a journey and the mature teachings as if they were the end of a journey. Alternate translation: "let us stop only discussing what we first learned and start understanding more mature teachings as well" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	1	thw8	figs-metaphor		0	Let us not lay again the foundation ... of faith in God	Basic teachings are spoken of as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a foundation. Alternate translation: "Let us not repeat the basic teachings ... of faith in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	1	d5q3	figs-metaphor		0	dead works	Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	2	s1cv	figs-metaphor		0	nor the foundation of teaching ... eternal judgment	Basic teachings are spoken of as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a foundation. Alternate translation: "nor the basic teachings ... eternal judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	2	xww5			0	laying on of hands	This practice was done to set someone apart for special service or position.
HEB	6	4	e7px	figs-metaphor		0	those who were once enlightened	Understanding is spoken of as if it were illumination. Alternate translation: "those who once understood the message about Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	4	l5mc	figs-metaphor		0	who tasted the heavenly gift	Experiencing salvation is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate translation: "who experienced God's saving power" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	4	d2lp	figs-metaphor		0	who were sharers of the Holy Spirit	The Holy Spirit, who comes to believers, is spoken of as if he were an object that people could share. Alternate translation: "who received the Holy Spirit" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	5	vp46	figs-metaphor		0	who tasted God's good word	Learning God's message is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate translation: "who learned God's good message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	5	tw1u	figs-metonymy		0	the powers of the age to come	This means the power of God when his kingdom is fully present in all the world. In this sense, "the powers" refer to God himself, who holds all power. Alternate translation: "learned how God will work powerfully in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	6	6	l8nx			0	it is impossible to restore them again to repentance	"it is impossible to bring them back to repent again"
HEB	6	6	dj3g	figs-metaphor		0	they crucify the Son of God for themselves again	When people turn away from God, it is as though they crucify Jesus again. Alternate translation: "it is like they crucify for themselves the very Son of God again" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	6	y47b	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	6	7	p4tf	figs-personification		0	the land that drinks in the rain	Farmland that benefits from much rain is spoken of as if it were a person who drinks in the rainwater. Alternate translation: "the land that absorbs the rain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	6	7	r32n	figs-personification		0	that gives birth to the plants	Farmland that produces crops is spoken of as if it gives birth to them. Alternate translation: "that produces plants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	6	7	da68	figs-personification		0	the land that receives a blessing from God	Rain and crops are seen as proof that God has helped the farmland. The farmland is spoken of as if it were a person who could receive God's blessing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	6	7	qq1x			0	a blessing from God	Here "blessing" means help from God, not spoken words.
HEB	6	8	pp48	figs-metaphor		0	is near to a curse	This speaks of "curse" as if it were a place to which a person could draw near. Alternate translation: "is in danger of God cursing it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	8	a2bk			0	Its end is in burning	The farmer will burn everything in the field.
HEB	6	9	sb4a	figs-pronouns		0	we are convinced	Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: "I am convinced" or "I am certain" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
HEB	6	9	jt3k			0	about better things concerning you	This means they are doing better than those who have rejected God, disobeyed him, and now can no longer repent so that God will forgive them ([Hebrews 6:4-6](./04.md)). Alternate translation: "that you are doing better things than what I have mentioned"
HEB	6	9	npu2	figs-abstractnouns		0	things that concern salvation	The abstract noun "salvation" can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "things that concern God saving you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	6	10	t2hb	figs-doublenegatives		0	For God is not so unjust that he would forget	This double negative can mean that God in his justice will remember what good things his people have done. Alternate translation: "For God is just and therefore will certainly remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	6	10	r9xx	figs-metonymy		0	for his name	God's "name" is a metonym that stands for God himself. Alternate translation: "for him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	6	11	j7f5	figs-pronouns		0	We greatly desire	Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: "I greatly desire" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
HEB	6	11	k4si			0	diligence	careful, hard work
HEB	6	11	xfy1	figs-explicit		0	to the end	The implicit meaning can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "to the end of your lives" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	6	11	i2yc			0	in order to make your hope certain	"in order to have complete certainty that you will receive what God has promised you"
HEB	6	12	yrh2			0	imitators	An "imitator" is someone who copies the behavior of someone else.
HEB	6	12	q8ry	figs-metaphor		0	inherit the promises	Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: "receive what God promised them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	14	ymh2			0	He said	God said
HEB	6	14	n47a	figs-metonymy		0	I will greatly increase you	Here "increase" stands for give descendants. Alternate translation: "I will give you many descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	6	15	x5zs	figs-activepassive		0	what was promised	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God promised him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	6	17	rpv9	figs-metaphor		0	to the heirs of the promise	The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: "to those who would receive what he promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	17	ug6j			0	the unchangeable quality of his purpose	"that his purpose would never change" or "that he would always do what he said he would do"
HEB	6	18	gjw3	figs-metaphor		0	we, who have fled for refuge	Believers, who trust in God for him to protect them, are spoken of as if they were running to a safe place. Alternate translation: "we, who have trusted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	18	gk6n	figs-metaphor		0	will have a strong encouragement to hold firmly to the hope set before us	Trust in God is spoken of as if encouragement were an object that could be presented to a person and that person could hold on to it. Alternate translation: "will continue to trust in God just has he encouraged us to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	18	hs84	figs-activepassive		0	set before us	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God has placed before us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	6	19	w66k			0	Connecting Statement:	Having finished his third warning and encouragement to the believers, the writer of Hebrews continues his comparison of Jesus as priest to Melchizedek as priest.
HEB	6	19	ng9i	figs-metaphor		0	as a secure and reliable anchor for the soul	Just as an anchor keeps a boat from drifting in the water, Jesus keeps us secure in God's presence. Alternate translation: "that causes us to live securely in God's presence" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	19	vdt3	figs-doublet		0	a secure and reliable anchor	Here the words "secure" and "reliable" mean basically the same thing and emphasize the complete reliability of the anchor. Alternate translation: "a completely reliable anchor" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	6	19	d223	figs-personification		0	hope that enters into the inner place behind the curtain	Confidence is spoken of as if it were a person who could go into the most holy place of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	6	19	aj2m	figs-metaphor		0	the inner place	This was the most holy place in the temple. It was thought to be the place where God was most intensely present among his people. In this passage, this place stands for heaven and God's throne room. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	6	20	zgj6			0	after the order of Melchizedek	This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest"
HEB	7	intro	y8j3			0		# Hebrews 07 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 7:17, 21, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### High priest<br><br>Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi.<br>
HEB	7	1	mwy8			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer of Hebrews continues his comparison of Jesus as priest to Melchizedek as priest.
HEB	7	1	rfc9	translate-names		0	Salem	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HEB	7	1	rx36	figs-explicit		0	Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings	This is refers to when Abraham and his men went and defeated the armies of four kings in order to rescue his nephew, Lot, and his family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	7	2	q87x			0	It was to him	"It was to Melchizedek"
HEB	7	2	abh4			0	king of righteousness ... king of peace	"righteous king ... peaceful king"
HEB	7	3	q4eh			0	He is without father, without mother, without ancestors, with neither beginning of days nor end of life	It is possible to think from this passage that Melchizedek was neither born nor did he die. However, it is likely that all the writer means is that the Scriptures provide no information about Melchizedek's ancestry, birth, or death.
HEB	7	4	h2bg			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer states that the priesthood of Melchizedek is better than Aaron's priesthood and then reminds them that the priesthood of Aaron did not make anything perfect.
HEB	7	4	w2gg			0	this man was	"Melchizedek was"
HEB	7	5	l9zq	figs-distinguish		0	The sons of Levi who receive the priesthood	The author says this because not all of Levi's sons became priests. Alternate translation: "The descendants of Levi who became priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
HEB	7	5	hn3k			0	from the people	"from the people of Israel"
HEB	7	5	ri2y			0	from their brothers	Here "brothers" means they are all related to each other through Abraham. Alternate translation: "from their relatives"
HEB	7	5	x4za	figs-metaphor		0	they, too, have come from Abraham's body	This is a way of saying that they were descendants of Abraham. Alternate translation: "they, too, are descendants of Abraham" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	7	6	r2rs			0	whose descent was not traced from them	"who was not a descendant of Levi"
HEB	7	6	d2hq	figs-metaphor		0	the one who had the promises	The things that God promised to do for Abraham are spoken of as if they were objects that he could possess. Alternate translation: the one to whom God had spoken his promises" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	7	7	k6pc	figs-activepassive		0	the lesser person is blessed by the greater person	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the more important person blesses the less important person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	8	sf79			0	In this case ... in that case	These phrases are used to compare the Levite priests with Melchizedek. Your language may have a way to emphasize that the author is making a comparison.
HEB	7	8	c9zz	figs-metaphor		0	is testified that he lives on	It is never explicitly written in scripture that Melchizedek dies. The author of Hebrews speaks of this absence of information about Melchizedek's death in scripture as if it were a positive statement that he is still alive. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "scripture shows that he lives on" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	9	v1yu	figs-metaphor		0	Levi, who received tithes, also paid tithes through Abraham	Since Levi had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham's body. In this way, the author argues that Levi paid tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	7	10	g26s	figs-metaphor		0	Levi was in the body of his ancestor	Since Levi had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham's body. In this way, the author argues that Levi paid tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	7	11	kdb8			0	Now	This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
HEB	7	11	wgp5	figs-rquestion		0	what further need would there have been for another priest to arise after the manner of Melchizedek, and not be considered to be after the manner of Aaron?	This question emphasizes that it was unexpected that priests come after the order of Melchizedek. Alternate translation: "no one would have needed another priest, one who was like Melchizedek and not like Aaron, to arise." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	7	11	hi4e			0	to arise	"to come" or "to appear"
HEB	7	11	cc5f			0	after the manner of Melchizedek	This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest"
HEB	7	11	kt3a	figs-activepassive		0	not be considered to be after the manner of Aaron	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "not be after the manner of Aaron" or "who is not a priest like Aaron" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	12	c7f1	figs-activepassive		0	For when the priesthood is changed, the law must also be changed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For when God changed the priesthood, he also had to change the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	13	k9zi			0	For the one	This refers to Jesus.
HEB	7	13	m9mm	figs-activepassive		0	about whom these things are said	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "about whom I am speaking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	14	t3dm			0	Now	This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
HEB	7	14	qsk5			0	it is from Judah that our Lord was born	The words "our Lord" refer to Jesus.
HEB	7	14	ln94			0	from Judah	"from the tribe of Judah"
HEB	7	15	i17g			0	General Information:	This quote comes from a psalm of King David.
HEB	7	15	jn1p	figs-inclusive		0	What we say is clearer yet	"We can understand even more clearly." Here "we" refers to the author and his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	7	15	md9i			0	if another priest arises	"if another priest comes"
HEB	7	15	z1yl			0	in the likeness of Melchizedek	This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: "in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest"
HEB	7	16	fr4a			0	It was not based on the law	"His becoming priest was not based on the law"
HEB	7	16	erq7	figs-metonymy		0	the law of fleshly descent	The idea of human descent is spoken of as if it had only to do with the flesh of one's body. Alternate translation: "the law of human descent" or "the law about priests' descendants becoming priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	7	17	xmj8	figs-personification		0	For scripture witnesses about him	This speaks about scripture as if it were a person who could witness about something. Alternate translation: "For God witnesses about him through the scriptures" or "For this is what was written about him in the scripture" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	7	17	g6zd			0	according to the order of Melchizedek	There were two groups of priests. One was made up of the descendants of Levi. The other was made up of Melchizedek and Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: "according to the line of Melchizedek" or "according to the priesthood of Melchizedek"
HEB	7	18	d6vn	figs-metaphor		0	the former regulation is set aside	Here "set aside" is a metaphor for making something invalid. This can be stated in active form. AT "God made the commandment invalid" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	19	ia8j	figs-personification		0	the law made nothing perfect	The law is spoken of as if it were a person who could act. Alternate translation: "no one could become perfect by obeying the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	7	19	stc2	figs-activepassive		0	a better hope is introduced	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has introduced a better hope" or "God has given us reason for a more confident hope (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	7	19	c9tz	figs-metaphor		0	through which we come near to God	Worshiping God and having his favor are spoken of coming near to him. Alternate translation: "and because of this hope we approach God" or "and because of this hope we worship God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	7	20	f3cd			0	General Information:	This quote comes from the same psalm of David as [Hebrews 7:17](../07/17.md)).
HEB	7	20	vf69	figs-explicit		0	And it was not without an oath!	The word "it" refers to Jesus becoming the eternal priest. It can be stated clearly who made the oath. Alternate translation: "And God did not choose this new priest without swearing an oath!" or "And it was because God swore an oath that the Lord became the new priest!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	7	22	h462			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer then assures these Jewish believers that Christ has the better priesthood because he lives forever and the priests that descended from Aaron all died.
HEB	7	22	e23d			0	has given the guarantee of a better covenant	"has told us that we can be sure that there will be a better covenant"
HEB	7	24	u941	figs-abstractnouns		0	he has a permanent priesthood	A priest's work is spoken of as if it were an object that Jesus possesses. This can be worded to avoid the abstract noun. Alternate translation: "he is a priest permanently" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	7	25	a4gg	figs-explicit		0	Therefore he	You can make explicit what "Therefore" implies. Alternate translation: "Because Christ is our high priest who lives forever, he" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	7	25	b182			0	those who approach God through him	"those who come to God because of what Jesus has done"
HEB	7	26	cmq1	figs-metaphor		0	has become higher than the heavens	"God has raised him up to the highest heavens." The author speaks of possessing more honor and power than anyone else as if it were position that is up above all things. Alternate translation: "God has given him more honor and power than anyone else" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	7	27	b6nv			0	General Information:	Here the words "He," "his," and "himself" refer to Christ.
HEB	7	28	n693	figs-metonymy		0	the law appoints as high priests men who have weaknesses	Here "the law" is a metonym for the men who appointed the high priests according to the law of Moses. The focus is not on the men who did this, but on the fact that they did this according to the law. Alternate translation: "according to the law, men appoint as high priests men who have weaknesses" or "for according to the law, men who have weaknesses are appointed as high priests" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	7	28	u5ny			0	men who have weaknesses	"men who are spiritually weak" or "men who are weak against sin"
HEB	7	28	yez2	figs-metonymy		0	the word of the oath, which came after the law, appointed a Son	The "word of the oath" represents God who made the oath. Alternate translation: "God appointed a Son by his oath, which he made after he gave the law" or "after he had given the law, God swore an oath and appointed his Son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	7	28	msa4	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	Son	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	7	28	fkl3	figs-activepassive		0	who has been made perfect	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "who has completely obeyed God and become mature" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	8	intro	ks94			0		# Hebrews 08 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>The author finishes describing how and why Jesus is the most important high priest. Then he begins to speak about how the new covenant is better to the covenant God made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 8:8-12, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### New covenant<br><br>The author tells how Jesus has established a new covenant that is better than the covenant that God established with the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br>
HEB	8	1	nb8q			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer, having shown that Christ's priesthood is better than the earthly priesthood, shows that the earthly priesthood was a pattern of heavenly things. Christ has a superior ministry, a superior covenant.
HEB	8	1	tw7l			0	Now	This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
HEB	8	1	z4dh	figs-exclusive		0	we are saying	Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Because the writer does not include his readers here, the word "we" is exclusive. Alternate translation: "I am saying" or "I am writing" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
HEB	8	1	m2b4	figs-inclusive		0	We have a high priest	The author is including the readers here, so the word "we" is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	8	1	b8qy	translate-symaction		0	sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty	To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the throne of the Majesty" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	8	2	lrb7			0	the true tabernacle that the Lord, not a man, set up	People built the earthly tabernacle out of animal skins fastened to a wooden framework, and they set it up in the manner of a tent. Here "true tabernacle" means the heavenly tabernacle that God created.
HEB	8	3	su9j	figs-activepassive		0	For every high priest is appointed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For God appoints every priest" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	8	4	p2v6			0	Now	This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
HEB	8	4	gfz1			0	according to the law	"as God requires in the law"
HEB	8	5	t3i8	figs-metaphor		0	They serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things	The words "copy" and "shadow" have similar meanings and are metaphors meaning that something is not the real thing but it is similar to the real thing. These words emphasize that the priesthood and the earthly temple were images of Christ, the true high priest, and the heavenly temple. Alternate translation: "They serve what is a vague image of the heavenly things" or "They serve what is only similar to the heavenly things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	8	5	k5r1	figs-activepassive		0	It is just as Moses was warned by God when he was	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It is just as God warned Moses when Moses was" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	8	5	qb7g	figs-explicit		0	was about to construct the tabernacle	Moses did not construct the tabernacle himself. He ordered the people to construct it. Alternate translation: "was about to command the people to construct the tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	8	5	jk6i			0	See that	"Make sure that"
HEB	8	5	wf1p			0	to the pattern	"to the design"
HEB	8	5	s9xe	figs-activepassive		0	that was shown to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I showed you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	8	5	j3tz	figs-explicit		0	on the mountain	You can make explicit that "mountain" refers to Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: "on Mount Sinai" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	8	6	qdj6			0	Connecting Statement:	This section begins to show that the new covenant is better than the old covenant with Israel and Judah.
HEB	8	6	rt2a			0	Christ has received	"God has given Christ"
HEB	8	6	spy1			0	mediator of a better covenant	This means Christ caused a better covenant between God and humans to exist.
HEB	8	6	aw58	figs-activepassive		0	covenant, which is based on better promises	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "covenant. It was this covenant that God made based on better promises" or "covenant. God promised better things when he made this covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	8	7	wb9d	translate-ordinal		0	first covenant ... second covenant	The words "first" and "second" are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: "old covenant ... new covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HEB	8	7	gig6			0	had been faultless	"had been perfect"
HEB	8	8	ya4n			0	General Information:	In this quotation the prophet Jeremiah foretold of a new covenant that God would make.
HEB	8	8	sqb4			0	with the people	"with the people of Israel"
HEB	8	8	xhp8			0	See	"Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you"
HEB	8	8	c6zm	figs-metaphor		0	the house of Israel and with the house of Judah	The people of Israel and Judah are spoken of as if they were houses. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel and with the people of Judah" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	8	9	dde5	figs-metaphor		0	I took them by their hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt	This metaphor represents God's great love and concern. Alternate translation: "I led them out of Egypt like a father leads his young child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	8	10	fh1c			0	General Information:	This is a quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.
HEB	8	10	k2ew	figs-metaphor		0	the house of Israel	The people of Israel are spoken of as if they were a house. Alternate translation: "the people of Israel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	8	10	q78u			0	after those days	"after that time"
HEB	8	10	gbw3	figs-metaphor		0	I will put my laws into their minds	God's requirements are spoken of as if they were objects that could be placed somewhere. People's ability to think is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: "I will enable them to understand my laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	8	10	e45g	figs-metonymy		0	I will also write them on their hearts	Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "write them on their hearts" is a metaphor for enabling people to obey the law. Alternate translation: "I will also put them in their hearts" or "I will enable them to obey my law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	8	10	hs53			0	I will be their God	"I will be the God they worship"
HEB	8	10	xgm3			0	they will be my people	"they will be the people for whom I care"
HEB	8	11	lsq6			0	General Information:	This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.
HEB	8	11	jl1h	figs-quotations		0	They will not teach each one his neighbor and each one his brother, saying, 'Know the Lord.'	This direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: "They will not need to teach their neighbors or brothers to know me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
HEB	8	11	wne2	figs-doublet		0	neighbor ... brother	Both of these refer to fellow Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	8	11	q5ki	figs-metonymy		0	Know the Lord ... will all know me	"Know" here stands for acknowledge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	8	12	cu1b	figs-metonymy		0	toward their evil deeds	This stands for the people who committed these evil deeds. Alternate translation: "to those who did evil deeds" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	8	12	a1xr	figs-metonymy		0	their sins I will not remember any longer	Here "remember" stands for "think about." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	intro	p8vy			0		# Hebrews 09 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>This chapter describes how Jesus is better than the temple and all its laws and rules. This chapter will be difficult to understand if the first five books of the Old Testament have not yet been translated.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Will<br><br>A will is a legal document that describes what will happen to a person's property after he dies.<br><br>##### Blood<br><br>In the Old Testament, God had commanded the Israelites to offer sacrifices so that he would forgive their sins. Before they could offer these sacrifices, they had to kill animals and then offer not only the animal's body but also its blood. Shedding blood is a metaphor for killing an animal or person. Jesus offered his life, his blood, as a sacrifice when he allowed men to kill him. The writer of the Book of Hebrews is saying in this chapter that this sacrifice is better than the sacrifices of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>##### Return of Christ<br><br>Jesus will return to finish the work that he began when he died so that God would forgive his people's sins. He will finish saving those people who are waiting for him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### First covenant<br><br>This refers to the covenant that God made with Moses. However, before he made this covenant, God had made a covenant with Abraham. But this was the first covenant that God had made with the people of Israel. You may decide to translate "the first covenant" as "the earlier covenant."<br>
HEB	9	1	af6x			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer makes clear to these Jewish believers that the laws and the tabernacle of the old covenant were only pictures of the better, new covenant.
HEB	9	1	av9i			0	Now	This word marks a new part of the teaching.
HEB	9	1	d3vs			0	first covenant	See how you translated this in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
HEB	9	1	pw63			0	had regulations	"had detailed instructions" or "had rules"
HEB	9	2	e3em			0	For	The author is continuing the discussion from [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
HEB	9	2	f6k7	figs-activepassive		0	a tabernacle was prepared	A tabernacle was constructed and made ready for use. This idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Israelites prepared a tabernacle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	2	t13a			0	the lampstand, the table, and the bread of the presence	These objects are all accompanied by the definite article "the," because the author assumes that his readers already know about these things.
HEB	9	2	gw3p	figs-abstractnouns		0	bread of the presence	This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "presence" is expressed as the verb "display" or "present." Alternate translation: "bread on display before God" or "bread the priests presented to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	9	3	j7w3			0	Behind the second curtain	The first curtain was the outer wall of the tabernacle, so the "second curtain" was the curtain between the "holy place" and the "most holy place."
HEB	9	3	ssr9	translate-ordinal		0	second	This is the ordinal word for number two. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HEB	9	4	kt3u			0	Inside it	"Inside the ark of the covenant"
HEB	9	4	jj9y	figs-explicit		0	Aaron's rod that budded	This was the rod Aaron had when God proved to the people of Israel that he had chosen Aaron as his priest by making Aaron's rod bud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	9	4	md1f			0	that budded	"from which leaves and flowers had grown"
HEB	9	4	q9w3			0	tablets of the covenant	Here "tablets" are flat pieces of stone that had writing on them. This refers to the stone tablets on which the ten commandments were written.
HEB	9	5	ue5q			0	glorious cherubim overshadowed the atonement lid	When the Israelites were making the ark of the covenant, God commanded them to carve two cherubim facing each other, with their wings touching, over the atonement lid of the ark of the covenant. Here they are spoken of as providing shade for the ark of the covenant. Alternate translation: "glorious cherubim covered the atonement lid with their wings"
HEB	9	5	fh6g	figs-metonymy		0	cherubim	Here "cherubim" means figures of two cherubim. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	5	f1je	figs-pronouns		0	which we cannot	Even though the author uses the plural pronoun "we," he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: "which I cannot" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])
HEB	9	6	mra7	figs-activepassive		0	After these things were prepared	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "After the priests prepared these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	7	xs9l	figs-doublenegatives		0	not without blood	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "he always brought blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	9	7	xtk5			0	blood	This is the blood of the bull and goat that the high priest had to sacrifice on the Day of Atonement.
HEB	9	8	a26f			0	the most holy place	Possible meanings are 1) the inner room of the tabernacle on earth or 2) God's presence in heaven.
HEB	9	8	e14c	figs-metonymy		0	the first tabernacle was still standing	Possible meanings are 1) "the outer room of the tabernacle was still standing" or 2) "the earthly tabernacle and the sacrificial system still existed." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	9	cu76			0	This was an illustration	"This was a picture" or "This was a symbol"
HEB	9	9	fl6i			0	for the present time	"for now"
HEB	9	9	g16u	figs-activepassive		0	that are now being offered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that the priests now offer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	9	qsa1	figs-metaphor		0	are not able to perfect the worshiper's conscience	The writer speaks of a person's conscience as if it were an object that could be made better and better until it was without fault. A person's conscience is his knowledge of right and wrong. It is also his awareness of whether or not he has done wrong. If he knows he has done wrong, we say that he feels guilty. Alternate translation: "are not able to make the worshiper free from guilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	9	c31d	figs-genericnoun		0	the worshiper's conscience	The writer appears to refer to only one worshiper, but he means all those who came to worship God at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
HEB	9	10	hqs8			0	until the time of the new order	"until God created the new order"
HEB	9	10	kqc1			0	new order	"new covenant"
HEB	9	11	bnc6			0	Connecting Statement:	Having described the service of the tabernacle under God's law, the writer makes clear that Christ's service under the new covenant is better because it is sealed with his blood. It is better also because Christ has entered the true "tabernacle," that is, God's own presence in heaven, instead of entering, as other high priests, into the earthly tabernacle, which was only an imperfect copy.
HEB	9	11	da2i			0	good things	This does not refer to material things. It means the good things that God promised in his new covenant.
HEB	9	11	czx6			0	the greater and more perfect tabernacle	This refers to the heavenly tent or tabernacle, which is more important and more perfect than the earthly tabernacle.
HEB	9	11	lxw8	figs-activepassive		0	that was not made by human hands	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that humans hands did not make" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	11	mtj9	figs-synecdoche		0	human hands	Here "hands" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "humans" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HEB	9	12	wp9n	figs-metaphor		0	most holy place	God's presence in heaven is spoken of as if it were the most holy place, the innermost room in the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	13	ch3c			0	sprinkling of a heifer's ashes on those who have become unclean	The priest would drop small amounts of the ashes on the unclean people.
HEB	9	13	seb3	figs-metonymy		0	for the cleansing of their flesh	Here "flesh" refers to the entire body. Alternate translation: "for the cleansing of their bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	14	t58w	figs-rquestion		0	how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, cleanse our conscience from dead works to serve the living God?	The author uses this question to emphasize that Christ's sacrifice was the most powerful. Alternate translation: "then certainly Christ's blood will cleanse our conscience even more from dead works to serve the living God! Because, through the eternal Spirit, he offered himself without blemish to God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	9	14	r22p	figs-metonymy		0	the blood of Christ	The "blood" of Christ stands for his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	14	xj6g	figs-metaphor		0	blemish	This is a small sin or moral fault spoken of here as if it were a small, unusual spot or defect on Christ's body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	14	rkh4	figs-metonymy		0	cleanse our conscience	Here "conscience" refers to a person's feeling of guilt. Believers no longer have to feel guilty for the sins they have committed because Jesus sacrificed himself and has forgiven them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	14	suu7	figs-metaphor		0	cleanse	Here "cleanse" stands for the action of relieving our consciences from guilt for the sins we have committed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	14	zbj1	figs-metaphor		0	dead works	Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	15	x3xr			0	For this reason	"As a result" or "Because of this"
HEB	9	15	p2kg			0	he is the mediator of a new covenant	This means Christ caused the new covenant between God and humans to exist.
HEB	9	15	q3x3			0	first covenant	See how you translated this in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
HEB	9	15	z29a	figs-metonymy		0	to free those under the first covenant from their sins	"to take away the sins of those who were under the first covenant." Possible meanings are 1) here "their sins" is a metonym for the guilt of their sins. Alternate translation: "to take away the guilt of those who were under the first covenant" or 2) here "their sins" is a metonym for the punishment for their sins. Alternate translation: "to take away the punisment for sins of those who were under the first covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	15	ve3v	figs-activepassive		0	those who are called	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God has chosen to be his children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	15	xb9f	figs-metaphor		0	inheritance	Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	16	rng2			0	will	a legal document in which a person states who should receive his possessions when he himself dies
HEB	9	16	um9a			0	the death of the person who made it must be proven	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "someone must prove that the person who made the will has died"
HEB	9	18	wpf1	figs-activepassive		0	So not even the first covenant was established without blood	This can be stated in active and positive form. Alternate translation: "So God established even the first covenant with blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	9	18	kq87			0	first covenant	See how you translated this in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).
HEB	9	18	v838	figs-metonymy		0	blood	The death of animals sacrificed to God is spoken of as if it were nothing but blood. Alternate translation: "the death of animals sacrificed to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	19	zl2n	translate-symaction		0	took the blood ... with water ... and sprinkled ... the scroll ... and all the people	The priest dipped the hyssop in the blood and the water and then shook the hyssop so drops of blood and water would fall on the scroll and on the people. Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. Here the scroll and the people's acceptability to God are renewed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	9	19	tgc2			0	hyssop	a woody shrub with flowers in summer, used in ceremonial sprinkling
HEB	9	20	j7en	figs-metonymy		0	the blood of the covenant	Here "blood" refers to the death of the animals sacrificed to carry out the covenant's requirements. Alternate translation: "the blood that brings into effect the covenant" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	21	k6dm			0	he sprinkled	"Moses sprinkled"
HEB	9	21	l27v	translate-symaction		0	sprinkled	Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 9:19](../09/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	9	21	xa9q			0	all the containers used in the service	A container is an object that can hold things. Here it may refer to any kind of utensil or tool. Alternate translation: "all the utensils used in the service"
HEB	9	21	ec4h	figs-activepassive		0	used in the service	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priests used in their work" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	21	cl3v	figs-metonymy		0	blood	Here the animal "blood" is talking about the animal's death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	9	22	g3ef	figs-metaphor		0	almost everything is cleansed with blood	Making something acceptable to God is spoken of as if it were cleansing that thing. This idea can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priests use blood to cleanse almost everything" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	22	v8bj	figs-metonymy		0	Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness	Here "shedding of blood" refers to something dying as a sacrifice to God. This double negative can mean that all forgiveness comes through the shedding of blood. Alternate translation: "Forgiveness only comes when something dies as a sacrifice" or "God only forgives when something dies as a sacrifice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	9	22	v1tr	figs-explicit		0	forgiveness	You can state explicitly the implied meaning. Alternate translation: "forgiveness of the sins of the people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	9	23	nh15			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer emphasizes that Christ (now in heaven interceding for us) had to die only once for sins and that he will return to earth a second time.
HEB	9	23	q79n	figs-activepassive		0	the copies of the things in heaven should be cleansed with these animal sacrifices	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the priests should use these animal sacrifices to cleanse what are copies of things that are in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	9	23	y9b7	figs-activepassive		0	the heavenly things themselves had to be cleansed with much better sacrifices	That is, better than the sacrifices used to cleanse the earthly copies. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as for the heavenly things themselves, God had to cleanse them with much better sacrifices" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	24	cy2x	figs-synecdoche		0	the most holy place made with hands, which	Here "with hands" means "by humans." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the most holy place, which humans made, and which" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	24	g5lp			0	of the true one	"of the true most holy place"
HEB	9	25	f17a			0	He did not go there	"He did not enter heaven"
HEB	9	25	rnh3			0	year by year	"every year" or "each year"
HEB	9	25	zpf3			0	with the blood of another	This means with the blood of an animal victim, not with his own blood.
HEB	9	26	lhi3			0	If that had been the case	"If he had had to offer himself often"
HEB	9	26	dq7m	figs-metaphor		0	to do away with sin by the sacrifice of himself	Doing away with sin represents having God forgive it. Alternate translation: "to cause God to forgive sins by sacrificing himself" or "to sacrifice himself so that God can forgive sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	28	p8b6	figs-activepassive		0	Christ was offered once	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ offered himself once" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	9	28	hv2t	figs-metaphor		0	to take away the sins	The act of making us innocent rather than guilty for our sins is spoken of as if our sins were physical objects that Christ could carry away from us. Alternate translation: "so that God would forgive the sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	9	28	p6th	figs-metonymy		0	the sins	Here "sins" mean the guilt that people have before God because of the sins they committed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	intro	nev1			0		# Hebrews 10 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>In this chapter, the writer finishes describing how Jesus' sacrifice was better than the sacrifices offered in the Temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 10:5-7, 15-17, 37-38, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### God's judgment and reward<br><br>Holy living is important for Christians. God will hold people accountable for how they lived their Christian life. Even though there will not be eternal condemnation for Christians, ungodly actions do and will have consequences. In addition, faithful living will be rewarded. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]])<br><br>#### Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>##### "For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins"<br>The sacrifices themselves had no redeeming power. They were effective because they were a display of faith, which was credited to the person offering the sacrifice. It was ultimately the sacrifice of Jesus which then makes these sacrifices "take away sins."  (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>##### "The covenant that I will make"<br>It is unclear whether this prophecy was being fulfilled as the author was writing or whether it was to occur later. The translator should try to avoid making a claim about the time this covenant begins. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br>
HEB	10	1	kwq1			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer shows the weakness of the law and its sacrifices, why God gave the law, and the perfection of the new priesthood and Christ's sacrifice.
HEB	10	1	kj83	figs-metaphor		0	the law is only a shadow of the good things to come	This speaks about the law as if it were a shadow. The author means the law is not the good things that God had promised. It only hints at the good things that God is going to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	1	r6ly			0	not the real forms of those things themselves	"not the real things themselves"
HEB	10	1	at4v			0	year after year	"every year"
HEB	10	2	aw6g	figs-rquestion		0	would the sacrifices not have ceased to be offered?	The author uses a question to state that the sacrifices were limited in their power. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they would have ceased offering those sacrifices." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	2	zc3d			0	ceased to be	"stopped being"
HEB	10	2	mu42	figs-metaphor		0	the worshipers would have been cleansed	Here being cleansed represents no longer being guilty of sin. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the sacrifices would have taken away their sin" or "God would have made them no longer guilty of sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	2	m9tj			0	would no longer have any consciousness of sin	"would no longer think that they are guilty of sin" or "would know that they are no longer guilty of sin"
HEB	10	4	di8i	figs-metaphor		0	For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins	Sins are spoken of as if they were objects that animal blood could sweep away as it flowed. Alternate translation: "For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to cause God to forgive sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	4	bvu5	figs-metonymy		0	the blood of bulls and goats	Here "blood" refers to these animals dying as sacrifices to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	5	q4ye			0	General Information:	Christ's words when he was on earth were foretold in this quotation from a psalm of David.
HEB	10	5	ml8e	figs-you		0	you did not desire	Here "you" is singular and refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
HEB	10	5	cu51			0	a body you have prepared	"you have made a body ready"
HEB	10	7	zn6c			0	Then I said	Here "I" refers to Christ.
HEB	10	8	c8eb			0	General Information:	Though changing the wording slightly, the author repeats these quotations from a psalm of David for emphasis.
HEB	10	8	rlv8			0	sacrifices ... offerings	See how you translated these words in [Hebrews 10:5](./05.md).
HEB	10	8	n7kc			0	whole burnt offerings ... sacrifices for sin	See how you translated similar words in [Hebrews 10:6](./06.md).
HEB	10	8	d3ek	figs-activepassive		0	that are offered	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that priests offer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	9	k5kv			0	See	"Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you"
HEB	10	9	n29v	figs-abstractnouns		0	He takes away the first practice in order to establish the second practice	The abstract noun "practice" here refers to a way of atoning for sins. Stopping doing it is spoken of as if it were an object that could be taken away. Starting the second way of atoning for sins is spoken of as establishing that practice. Alternate translation: "He stops people atoning for sins the first way in order to atone for sins the second way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	9	ja8n	translate-ordinal		0	first practice ... the second practice	The words "first" and "second" are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: "old practice ... the new practice" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HEB	10	10	xj9i	figs-activepassive		0	we have been sanctified	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God has sanctified us" or "God has dedicated us to himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	10	xk24	figs-abstractnouns		0	through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ	The abstract noun "offering" can be expressed with the verb "offer" or "sacrifice." Alternate translation: "because Jesus Christ offered his body as a sacrifice" or "because Jesus Christ sacrificed his body" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	10	11	f4wd			0	Day after day	"day by day" or "every day"
HEB	10	11	jq4i	figs-metaphor		0	can never take away sins	This speaks of "sins" as if they are an object that a person can take away. Alternate translation: "can never cause God to forgive sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	12	fy8w	translate-symaction		0	he sat down at the right hand of God	To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	10	13	s6sn	figs-metaphor		0	until his enemies are made a stool for his feet	The humiliation of Christ's enemies is spoken of as if they were made a place for him to rest his feet. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "until God humiliates Christ's enemies and they become like a stool for his feet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	14	dz9n	figs-activepassive		0	those who are being sanctified	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "those whom God is sanctifying" or "those whom God has dedicated to himself" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	15	qk8j			0	General Information:	This is a quotation from the prophet Jeremiah in the Old Testament.
HEB	10	16	czh3			0	with them	"with my people"
HEB	10	16	s783			0	after those days	"when the time of the first covenant with my people has finished"
HEB	10	16	xx53	figs-metonymy		0	I will put my laws in their hearts	Here "hearts" is a metonym for a person's inner being. The phrase "put them in their hearts" is a metaphor for enabling people to obey the law. Alternate translation: "I will enable them to obey my laws" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	17	vkw4			0	General Information:	This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah in the Old Testament.
HEB	10	17	qn7w	figs-explicit		0	Their sins and lawless deeds I will remember no longer."	"I will no longer remember their sins and lawless deeds.'" or "I will no longer think about their sins and lawless deeds.'" This is the second part of the Holy Spirit's testimony ([Hebrews 10:15-16](./15.md)). You can make this explicit in the translation by ending the quotation at the end of verse 16 and starting a new quotation here. Alternate translation: "Then next he said, 'Their sins and lawless deeds I will remember no longer.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	17	pql9	figs-doublet		0	Their sins and lawless deeds	The words "sins" and "lawless deeds" mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the sin is. Alternate translation: "The things they did that were forbidden and how they broke the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	10	18	pje1			0	Now	This is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. It does not mean "at this moment."
HEB	10	18	pjh5	figs-abstractnouns		0	where there is forgiveness for these	This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "forgiveness" is expressed as the verb "forgive." Alternate translation: "when God has forgiven these things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	10	18	z351	figs-abstractnouns		0	there is no longer any sacrifice for sin	This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "sacrifice" is expressed as the verb "make offerings." Alternate translation: "people no longer need to make offerings for sin" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	10	19	ih5u			0	Connecting Statement:	Having made it clear that there is only one sacrifice for sin, the writer continues with the picture of the most holy place in the temple, where only the high priest could enter each year with the blood of the sacrifice for sins. He reminds the believers that they now worship God in his presence as if they were standing in the most holy place.
HEB	10	19	f6g3	figs-metaphor		0	brothers	Here this means all believers in Christ whether male or female. Alternate translation: "brothers and sisters" or "fellow believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	10	19	fii7	figs-metaphor		0	the most holy place	This means the presence of God, not the most holy place in the old tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	19	zl87	figs-metonymy		0	by the blood of Jesus	Here "blood of Jesus" refers to the death of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	20	l7wh			0	living way	Possible meanings are 1) this new way to God that Jesus has provided results in believers living forever or 2) Jesus is alive, and he is the way believers enter into the presence of God.
HEB	10	20	c3ve	figs-metaphor		0	through the curtain	The curtain in the earthly temple represents the separation between people and God's true presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	20	ega9	figs-metonymy		0	by means of his flesh	Here "flesh" stands for the body of Jesus, and his body stands for his sacrificial death. Alternate translation: "by means of his death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	21	uh6i			0	we have a great priest over the house of God	This must be translated in such a way as to make it clear that Jesus is this "great priest."
HEB	10	21	bmh1			0	over the house	"in charge of the house"
HEB	10	21	d1u1	figs-metaphor		0	the house of God	This speaks about God's people as if they were a literal house. Alternate translation: "all the people of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	22	l4ik	figs-metonymy		0	let us approach	Here "approach" stands for worshiping God, as a priest would go up to God's altar to sacrifice animals to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	22	wez1	figs-metonymy		0	with true hearts	"with faithful hearts" or "with honest hearts." Here "hearts" stands for the genuine will and motivation of the believers. Alternate translation: "with sincerity" or "sincerely" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	22	i7ti			0	in the full assurance of faith	"and with a confident faith" or "and trusting completely in Jesus"
HEB	10	22	zkg5	figs-activepassive		0	having our hearts sprinkled clean	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as if had he made our hearts clean with his blood" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	22	w775	figs-metonymy		0	hearts sprinkled clean	Here "hearts" is a metonym for the conscience, the awareness of right and wrong. Being made clean is a metaphor for being forgiven and being given the status of righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	22	pc1a	translate-symaction		0	sprinkled	Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 9:19](../09/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	10	22	p2sk	figs-activepassive		0	having our bodies washed with pure water	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as if he had washed our bodies in pure water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	22	tk9p	figs-metonymy		0	our bodies washed with pure water	If the translator understands this phrase as referring to Christian baptism, then "water" is literal, not figurative. But if water is taken as literal, then "pure" is figurative, standing for the spiritual purity that baptism is said here to accomplish. The "washing" stands for the believer being made acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	23	k5ui	figs-metaphor		0	Let us also hold tightly to the confession of our hope	Here "hold tightly" is a metaphor that refers to a person determining to do something and refusing to stop. The abstract nouns "confession" and "expectation" can be translated as verbs. Alternate translation: "Let us be determined to continue confessing the things that we confidently expect from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	10	23	jy4t	figs-metaphor		0	without wavering	Being uncertain about something is spoken of as if he were wavering or leaning from side to side. Alternate translation: "without being unsure" or "without doubting" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	25	v4fa	figs-explicit		0	Let us not stop meeting together	You can make explicit that the people met to worship. Alternate translation: "Let us not stop coming together to worship" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	25	k9c7	figs-metaphor		0	as you see the day coming closer	A future time is spoken of as if it were an object coming closer to the speaker. Here "the day" refers to when Jesus will return. Alternate translation: "as you know that Christ will return soon" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	26	gm7l			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer now gives his fourth warning.
HEB	10	26	byv6			0	we deliberately go on sinning	"we know we are sinning but we do it again and again"
HEB	10	26	hj5s	figs-metaphor		0	after we have received the knowledge of the truth	Knowledge of the truth is spoken of as if it were an object that could be given by one person to another. Alternate translation: "after we have learned the truth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	26	b1r7	figs-explicit		0	the truth	The truth about God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	26	l7sv	figs-explicit		0	a sacrifice for sins no longer exists	No one is able to give a new sacrifice because Christ's sacrifice is the only one that works. Alternate translation: "no one can offer a sacrifice for which God will forgive our sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	26	sil4			0	a sacrifice for sins	Here "sacrifice for sins" stands for "an effective way to sacrifice animals to take away sins"
HEB	10	27	fza4	figs-explicit		0	of judgment	Of God's judgment, that is, that God will judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	27	t6da	figs-metaphor		0	a fury of fire that will consume God's enemies	God's fury is spoken of as if it were fire that would burn up his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	28	c1aj	figs-explicit		0	of two or three witnesses	It is implied that this means "of at least two or three witness." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	29	gv5z	figs-rquestion		0	How much worse punishment do you think one deserves ... grace?	The author is emphasizing the greatness of the punishment for those who reject Christ. Alternate translation: "This was severe punishment. But the punishment will be even greater for anyone ... grace!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	10	29	jd69	figs-metaphor		0	has trampled underfoot the Son of God	Disregarding Christ and scorning him are spoken of as if someone had walked on him. Alternate translation: "has rejected the Son of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	29	d2z9	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples		0	the Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
HEB	10	29	m7lw			0	who treated the blood of the covenant as unholy	This shows how the person has trampled the Son of God. Alternate translation: "by treating the blood of the covenant as unholy"
HEB	10	29	el74	figs-metonymy		0	the blood of the covenant	Here "blood" stands for Christ's death, by which God established the new covenant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	29	wj2p	figs-activepassive		0	the blood by which he was sanctified	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the blood by which God sanctified him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	29	qr6c			0	the Spirit of grace	"the Spirit of God, who provides grace"
HEB	10	30	ynr1	figs-inclusive		0	General Information:	The word "we" here refers to the writer and all believers. These two quotations come from the law that Moses gave in the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	10	30	v8ad	figs-metaphor		0	Vengeance belongs to me	Vengeance is spoken of as if it were an object that belongs to God, who has the right to do as he wishes with what he owns. God has the right to take vengeance on his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	30	pdw9	figs-metaphor		0	I will pay back	God taking vengeance is spoken of as if he were paying back the harmful things that someone has done to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	31	hhu7	figs-metaphor		0	to fall into the hands	Receiving God's full punishment is spoken of as if the person falls into God's hands. Here "hands" refers to God's power to judge. Alternate translation: "to receive God's full punishment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	10	32	tlh3			0	the former days	"the time in the past"
HEB	10	32	p3q3	figs-metaphor		0	after you were enlightened	Learning the truth is spoken of as if God shined a light on the person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "after you learned the truth about Christ" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	32	v25j			0	how you endured a great struggle in suffering	"how much suffering you had to endure"
HEB	10	33	cig1	figs-activepassive		0	You were exposed to public ridicule by insults and persecution	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People ridiculed you by insulting and persecuting you in public" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	10	33	u1gk			0	you were sharing with those	"you joined those"
HEB	10	34	cjr6	figs-metaphor		0	a better and everlasting possession	God's eternal blessings are spoken of as a "possession." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	35	xh64			0	General Information:	In 10:37 is a quotation from the prophet Isaiah in the Old Testament.
HEB	10	35	m35c	figs-metaphor		0	do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward	A person no longer having confidence is spoken of as if the person were to throw confidence away, like a person would discard something worthless. The abstract noun "confidence" can be translated with the adjective "confident" or the adverb "confidently." Alternate translation: "do not stop being confident, because you will receive a great reward for being confident" or "do not stop confidently trusting in God, who will reward you greatly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	10	37	st8v	figs-explicit		0	For in a very little while	You can make this explicit. Alternate translation: "As God said in the scriptures, 'For in a very little while" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	10	37	cna2			0	in a very little while	"very soon"
HEB	10	38	j2ck			0	General Information:	In 10:38 the author quotes from the prophet Habakkuk, which directly follows the quotation from the prophet Isaiah in 10:37.
HEB	10	38	j6d1	figs-genericnoun		0	My righteous one ... If he shrinks ... with him	These refer to any of God's people in general. Alternate translation: "My faithful people ... If any one of them shrinks ... with that person" or "My faithful people ... If they shrink ... with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
HEB	10	38	r8mh			0	My righteous ... I will	Here "My" and "I" refer to God.
HEB	10	38	h5bw			0	shrinks back	stops doing the good thing he is doing
HEB	10	39	i9zh	figs-metaphor		0	who turn back to destruction	A person who loses courage and faith are spoken of as if he were stepping back in fear from something. And "destruction" is spoken of as if it were a destination. Alternate translation: "who stop trusting God, which will cause him to destroy us" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	10	39	dv8y	figs-metaphor		0	for keeping our soul	Living eternally with God is spoken of as if it were keeping one's soul. Here "soul" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: ", which will result in us living with God forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HEB	11	intro	g4cc			0		# Hebrews 11 General Notes<br>#### Structure<br><br>The writer begins this chapter by telling what faith is. Then he gives many examples of people who had faith and how they lived.<br><br>#### Important concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Faith<br><br>In both the old and new covenants, God required faith. Some people with faith performed miracles and were very powerful. Other people with faith suffered greatly.<br>
HEB	11	1	a371			0	Connecting Statement:	The author tells three things about faith in this brief introduction.
HEB	11	1	d95i			0	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here the author starts to explain the meaning of "faith."
HEB	11	1	dne9			0	faith is being sure of the things hoped for	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when we have faith, we are sure of the things we hope for" or "faith is what allows a person to confidently expect certain things"
HEB	11	1	hiq2			0	hoped for	Here this refers specifically to the sure promises of God, especially the certainty that all believers in Jesus will live with God forever in heaven.
HEB	11	1	ybd8	figs-activepassive		0	certain of things that are not seen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that we still have not seen" or "that still have not happened" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	2	smr4			0	For because of this	"Because they were certain about events that had not happened"
HEB	11	2	kmq6	figs-activepassive		0	the ancestors were approved for their faith	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God approved of our ancestors because they had faith" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	2	u66c	figs-explicit		0	the ancestors	The author is speaking to the Hebrews about Hebrew ancestors. Alternate translation: "our ancestors" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	11	3	u5i9	figs-activepassive		0	the universe was created by God's command	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God created the universe by commanding it to exist" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	3	e7fs			0	what is visible was not made out of things that were visible	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God did not create what we see out of things that were visible"
HEB	11	4	w5de			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer then gives many examples (mostly from Old Testament writings) of people who lived by faith even though they did not receive what God had promised while they lived on the earth.
HEB	11	4	r2m8	figs-activepassive		0	he was attested to be righteous	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God declared him to be righteous" or "God declared that Abel was righteous" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	4	g52j	figs-metaphor		0	Abel still speaks	Reading the scriptures and learning about Abel's faith is spoken of as if Abel himself were still speaking. Alternate translation: "we still learn from what Abel did" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	5	r3yl	figs-activepassive		0	It was by faith that Enoch was taken up so that he did not see death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "It was by faith that Enoch did not die because God took him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	5	ki2t	figs-metaphor		0	see death	This speaks of death as if it were an object that people can see. It means to experience death. Alternate translation: "die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	5	kb5l	figs-activepassive		0	before he was taken up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "before God took him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	5	jbx2	figs-activepassive		0	it was testified that he had pleased God	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "God said that Enoch had pleased him" or 2) "people said that Enoch pleased God." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	6	hd94			0	Now without faith	Here "Now" does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.
HEB	11	6	r9nb	figs-doublenegatives		0	without faith it is impossible to please him	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "a person can please God only if he has faith in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	11	6	b438	figs-metaphor		0	that anyone coming to God	Wanting to worship God and belong to his people is spoken of as if the person is literally coming to God. Alternate translation: "that anyone who wants to belong to God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	6	xl5v			0	he is a rewarder of those	"he rewards those"
HEB	11	6	i8e9	figs-metaphor		0	those who seek him	Those who learn about God and make an effort to obey him are spoken of as if they were seeking to find him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	7	r67b	figs-activepassive		0	having been given a divine message	This can be stated in active form and in other terms. Alternate translation: "because God told him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	7	p3pn	figs-activepassive		0	about things not yet seen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "about things no one had ever seen before" or "about events that had not happened yet" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	7	pf7b	figs-metonymy		0	the world	Here "world" refers to the world's human population. Alternate translation: "the people living in the world at that time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	7	c9yc	figs-metaphor		0	became an heir of the righteousness	Noah is spoken of as if he were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: "received from God the righteousness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	7	et9l			0	that is according to faith	"that God gives to those who have faith in him"
HEB	11	8	a7c2	figs-activepassive		0	when he was called	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when God called him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	8	kkt5			0	went out to the place	"left his home to go to the place"
HEB	11	8	d1zf	figs-metaphor		0	that he was to receive as an inheritance	The land that God promised to give Abraham's descendants is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Abraham was to receive. Alternate translation: "that God would give him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	8	sq21			0	He went out	"He left his home"
HEB	11	9	pmb6	figs-abstractnouns		0	he lived in the land of promise as a foreigner	This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "promise" is expressed as the verb "promised." Alternate translation: "he lived as a foreigner in the land God had promised to him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	11	9	s5fw	figs-metaphor		0	fellow heirs	"heirs together." This speaks about Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as if they were heirs that would receive an inheritance from their father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	10	f3z8	figs-metonymy		0	the city with foundations	"the city that has foundations." Having foundations indicates that the city is permanent. Alternate translation: "the eternal city" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	10	fd98			0	whose architect and builder is God	"which is designed and built by God" or "which God would design and build"
HEB	11	10	ufe6			0	architect	a person who designs buildings and cities
HEB	11	11	ks44			0	General Information:	Many versions interpret this verse as referring to Sarah, and others interpret it as referring to Abraham.
HEB	11	11	mk6i			0	It was by faith, even though Sarah herself was barren, that Abraham received ability to father a child. This happened even though he was too old, since he considered	Some versions interpret this verse as referring to Sarah. "By faith Sarah, herself also barren, received power to bear children even beyond the time of maturity, since she considered"
HEB	11	11	mtf2	figs-abstractnouns		0	It was by faith	The abstract noun "faith" can be expressed with the verb "believe." Possible meanings are 1) it was by Abraham's faith. Alternate translation: "It was because Abraham believed God" or 2) it was by Sarah's faith. Alternate translation: "It was because Sarah believed God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	11	11	dgu6			0	received ability to father a child	"received ability to become a father" or "received ability to have a child"
HEB	11	11	wgp6			0	since he considered as faithful the one who had given the promise	"because he believed God, who had give the promise, to be faithful"
HEB	11	12	x8b2	figs-simile		0	descendants as many as the stars in the sky and as countless as sand by the seashore	This simile means Abraham had very many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
HEB	11	12	mu4e			0	as countless as sand by the seashore	This means that just as there are so many grains of sand on the seashore that no one can count them all, Abraham had so many descendants that no one can count them all.
HEB	11	13	yin6	figs-metaphor		0	without receiving the promises	This speaks of promises as if they are objects that a person receives. Alternate translation: "without receiving what God had promised them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	13	g5ut	figs-metaphor		0	after seeing and greeting them from far off	Future promised events are spoken of as if they were travelers arriving from far away. Alternate translation: "after learning what God will do in the future" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	13	n71b			0	they admitted	"they acknowledged" or "they accepted"
HEB	11	13	q1nq	figs-doublet		0	they were foreigners and exiles on earth	Here "foreigners" and "exiles" mean basically the same thing. This emphasizes that this earth was not their true home. They were waiting for their true home that God would make for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	11	14	xwa4			0	a homeland	"a country for them to belong to"
HEB	11	16	ea1a			0	heavenly one	"heavenly country" or "country in heaven"
HEB	11	16	cvh1	figs-activepassive		0	God is not ashamed to be called their God	This can be expressed in active and positive form. Alternate translation: "God is happy to have them call him their God" or "God is proud to have them say that he is their God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
HEB	11	17	bk7a	figs-activepassive		0	when he was tested	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "when God tested him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	18	wy2j	figs-activepassive		0	to whom it had been said	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to whom God said" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	18	c23z	figs-activepassive		0	that your descendants will be named	Here "named" means assigned or designated. This sentence can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that I will designate your descendants" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	19	p43u			0	God was able to raise up Isaac from the dead	"God was able to cause Isaac to live again"
HEB	11	19	sar1			0	to raise up ... from the dead	In this verse, "to raise up" is to make alive again. The words "from the dead" speak of all dead people together in the underworld.
HEB	11	19	aea3			0	figuratively speaking	"in a manner of speaking." This means that what the author says next is not to be understood literally. God did not bring Isaac back from death literally. But because Abraham was about to sacrifice Isaac when God stopped him, it was as if God brought him back from the dead.
HEB	11	19	k7u3			0	it was from them	"it was from the dead"
HEB	11	19	g19x			0	he received him back	"Abraham received Isaac back"
HEB	11	21	sg26			0	Jacob worshiped	"Jacob worshiped God"
HEB	11	22	lkp6	figs-euphemism		0	when his end was near	Here "his end" is a polite way of referring to death. Alternate translation: "when he was about to die" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
HEB	11	22	hhs3			0	spoke of the departure of the children of Israel from Egypt	"spoke of when the children of Israel would leave Egypt"
HEB	11	22	t6i5			0	the children of Israel	"the Israelites" or "the descendants of Israel"
HEB	11	22	nl1i	figs-explicit		0	instructed them about his bones	Joseph died while in Egypt. He wanted his people to take his bones with them when they left Egypt so they could bury his bones in the land that God promised them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	11	23	g2wx	figs-activepassive		0	Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Moses' parents hid him for three months after he was born" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	24	h5wz			0	had grown up	"had become an adult"
HEB	11	24	mq2x	figs-activepassive		0	refused to be called	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "refused to allow people to call him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	26	i9sc	figs-abstractnouns		0	the disgrace of following Christ	This can be reworded so that the abstract noun "disgrace" is express as the verb "disrespect." Alternate translation: "the experience of people disrespecting him because he did what Christ would want" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	11	26	xq6t	figs-metaphor		0	following Christ	Obeying Christ is spoken of as if it were following him down a path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	11	26	t588	figs-metaphor		0	fixing his eyes on his reward	Fully concentrating on achieving a goal is spoken of as if a person were staring at an object and refusing to look away. Alternate translation: "doing what he knew would earn him a reward in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	11	27	rc43	figs-simile		0	he endured as if he were seeing the one who is invisible	Moses is spoken of as if he saw God, who is invisible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
HEB	11	27	cc8w			0	the one who is invisible	"the one no one can see"
HEB	11	28	tz7k			0	he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood	This was the first Passover. Moses kept it by obeying God's commands concerning the Passover and by commanding the people to obey them every year. Alternate translation: "he commanded the people to obey God's commands concerning the Passover and to sprinkle blood on their doors" or "he established the Passover and the sprinkling of blood"
HEB	11	28	bef7	figs-explicit		0	the sprinkling of the blood	This refers to God's command to the Israelites to kill a lamb and spread its blood on the doorposts of every house where Israelites lived. This would prevent the destroyer from harming their firstborn sons. This was one of the Passover commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	11	28	bm2f	figs-metonymy		0	should not touch	Here "touch" refers to harming or to killing someone. Alternate translation: "would not harm" or "would not kill" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	29	z2yj			0	General Information:	Here the first word "they" refers to the Israelites, the second "they" refers to the Egyptians, the third "they" refers to the walls of Jericho.
HEB	11	29	a67h			0	they passed through the Sea of Reeds	"the Israelites passed through the Sea of Reeds"
HEB	11	29	hq2y	figs-activepassive		0	they were swallowed up	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the water swallowed up the Egyptians" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	29	kmy8	figs-personification		0	they were swallowed up	The water is spoken of as if it were an animal. Alternate translation: "the Egyptians drowned in the water" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	11	30	lnw4	figs-activepassive		0	they had been circled around for seven days	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Israelites had marched around them for seven days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	30	dw7v	translate-numbers		0	seven days	"7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
HEB	11	31	ftc8			0	had received the spies in peace	"had peacefully received the spies"
HEB	11	32	f7ip			0	Connecting Statement:	The writer continues to speak of what God did for the ancestors of the people of Israel.
HEB	11	32	rh6y	figs-rquestion		0	What more can I say?	The author uses a question to emphasize that there are many examples that he could have quoted. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "And there are many more examples." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	11	32	bs7h			0	the time will fail me	"I will not have enough time"
HEB	11	32	ni55	translate-names		0	Barak	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HEB	11	33	f3jx			0	It was through faith that they	Here "they" does not mean that each person listed in 11:32 did all the things the author is about to mention. The author means in general these are the kinds of things that those with faith were able to do. Alternate translation: "It was through faith that men like these"
HEB	11	33	v5w8			0	they conquered kingdoms	Here "kingdoms" refers to the people who lived there. Alternate translation: "they defeated the people of foreign kingdoms"
HEB	11	33	u2su	figs-metaphor		0	They stopped the mouths of lions	These words begin a list of some of the ways God saved believers from death. Alternate translation: "They kept lions from eating them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	34	j6sv	figs-metaphor		0	extinguished the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword	These are some of the ways God saved believers from death. Alternate translation: "they kept fire from burning them, they kept their enemies from killing them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	34	iri4	figs-activepassive		0	were healed of illnesses	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "received healing from God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	34	sy63			0	became mighty in battle, and defeated	"and they became mighty in battle and defeated"
HEB	11	35	t9sp	figs-abstractnouns		0	Women received back their dead by resurrection	This can be restated to remove the abstract noun "resurrection." The word "dead" is a nominal adjective. It can be stated as a verb. Alternate translation: "Women received back alive those who had died" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
HEB	11	35	ne1u	figs-activepassive		0	Others were tortured, not accepting release	It is implied that their enemies would have released them from prison under certain conditions. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Others accepted torture rather than release from prison" or "Others allowed their enemies to torture them rather than doing what their enemies required of them in order to release them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	11	35	faq3			0	tortured	made to suffer great mental or physical pain
HEB	11	35	jyw7			0	a better resurrection	Possible meanings are 1) these people will experience a better life in heaven than what they experienced in this world or 2) these people will have a better resurrection than those who did not have faith. Those with faith will live forever with God. Those without faith will live forever separated from God.
HEB	11	36	e9al	figs-activepassive		0	Others had testing in mocking and whippings	These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People mocked and whipped others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	36	nx7u	figs-abstractnouns		0	Others had testing in mocking and whippings, and even chains and imprisonment	This can be reworded so that the abstract nouns are expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: "God tested others by allowing their enemies to mock and whip them and even put them in chains and imprison them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	11	37	fg8c	figs-activepassive		0	They were stoned. They were sawn in two. They were killed with the sword	These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People mocked and whipped others ... People threw stones at others. People sawed others in two. People killed others with the sword" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	37	r3gx			0	went about	"went from place to place" or "lived all the time"
HEB	11	37	qf89			0	in sheepskins and goatskins	"wearing only the skins of sheep and goats"
HEB	11	37	x2jf			0	They were destitute	"They had nothing" or "They were very poor"
HEB	11	38	a721	figs-metonymy		0	The world was not worthy	Here "world" refers to the people. Alternate translation: "The people of this world were not worthy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	38	j9lp			0	They were always wandering about	This was because they had no place to live.
HEB	11	38	li8j			0	caves and holes in the ground	"caves, and some lived in holes in the ground"
HEB	11	39	l5wd	figs-activepassive		0	Although all these people were approved by God because of their faith, they did not receive the promise	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God honored all these because of their faith, but they did not themselves receive what God had promised" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	11	39	vgw2	figs-metonymy		0	the promise	This expression stands for "what God had promised them." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	11	40	p9uu	figs-activepassive		0	so that without us, they would not be made perfect	This can be stated in positive and active form. Alternate translation: "in order that God would perfect us and them together" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	intro	h1qb			0		# Hebrews 12 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>After telling of the value discipline, the author begins a series of exhortations. (See; [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/exhort]])<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:5-6, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Discipline<br><br>God wants his people to do what is right. When they do what is wrong, he needs to correct or punish them. He does this just as earthly fathers correct and punish children whom they love. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/discipline]])<br>
HEB	12	1	jg6w	figs-inclusive		0	General Information:	The words "we" and "us" refer to the author and his readers. The word "you" is plural and here refers to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
HEB	12	1	k8mr			0	Connecting Statement:	Because of this great number of Old Testament believers, the author talks of the life of faith that believers should live with Jesus as their example.
HEB	12	1	f6u9	figs-metaphor		0	we are surrounded by such a large cloud of witnesses	The writer speaks about the Old Testament believers as if they were a cloud that surrounded the present-day believers. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "such a large cloud of witnesses surrounds us" or "there are so many examples of faithful people about whom we learn in the scriptures" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	1	hf97			0	witnesses	Here "witnesses" refers to the Old Testament believers in chapter 11 who lived before the race of faith that believers now run.
HEB	12	1	yw1t	figs-metaphor		0	let us lay aside every weight and easily entangling sin	Here "weight" and "easily entangling sin" are spoken of as if a person could take them off himself and put them down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	1	zln7	figs-metaphor		0	every weight	Attitudes or habits that keep believers from trusting and obeying God are spoken of as if they were loads that would make it difficult for a person to carry while running. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	1	t6wu	figs-metaphor		0	easily entangling sin	Sin is spoken of as if it were a net or something else that can trip people up and make them fall. Alternate translation: "sin that makes obeying God difficult" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	1	g5dn	figs-metaphor		0	Let us patiently run the race that is placed before us	Following Jesus is spoken of as if it were running a race. Alternate translation: "Let us continue obeying what God has commanded us, just like a runner keeps going until the race is over" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	2	a946			0	the founder and perfecter of the faith	Jesus gives us faith and makes our faith perfect by causing us to reach our goal. Alternate translation: "creator and finisher of our faith" or "the one who enables us to have faith from beginning to end"
HEB	12	2	za14	figs-metaphor		0	For the joy that was placed before him	The joy that Jesus would experience is spoken of as if God the Father had placed it before him as a goal to reach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	2	y7me			0	despised its shame	This means he was not concerned about the shame of dying on a cross.
HEB	12	2	vm9b	translate-symaction		0	sat down at the right hand of the throne of God	To sit at the "right hand of God" is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: "sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the throne of God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
HEB	12	3	i1xl	figs-metonymy		0	weary in your hearts	Here "hearts" represents a person's thoughts and emotions. Alternate translation: "discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	12	4	q1w8			0	Connecting Statement:	The author of Hebrews has been comparing the Christian life to a race.
HEB	12	4	b9b7	figs-personification		0	You have not yet resisted or struggled against sin	Here "sin" is spoken of as if it were a person whom someone fights in a battle. Alternate translation: "You have not yet had to endure attacks of sinners" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	12	4	i4ip	figs-metaphor		0	to the point of blood	Resisting opposition so much that one dies for it is spoken of as if one reached a certain place where he would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	4	uwg6	figs-metonymy		0	of blood	Here "blood" refers to death. Alternate translation: "of death" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	12	5	y6cv	figs-personification		0	the encouragement that instructs you	Old Testament scripture is spoken of as if it were a person who could encourage others. Alternate translation: "what God has instructed you in the scriptures to encourage you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HEB	12	5	e6a9	figs-gendernotations		0	as sons ... My son	The word translated "sons" and "son" is specifically the word for a male child. In that culture the family line continued through the sons, not normally through the daughters. However, as stated by the UST and some English versions, the author is directing his words to both males and females. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	12	5	a7vf			0	My son ... corrected by him	Here the author is quoting from the book of Proverbs in the Old Testament, which was the words of Solomon to his male children.
HEB	12	5	cxe9	figs-litotes		0	do not think lightly of the Lord's discipline, nor grow weary	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "take it very seriously when the Lord disciplines you, and do not grow weary" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
HEB	12	5	cjq5			0	nor grow weary	"and do not become discouraged"
HEB	12	5	i1a6	figs-activepassive		0	you are corrected by him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he corrects you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	6	zu3c			0	every son whom he receives	The word translated "son" is specifically the word for a male child. In that culture the family line continued through the sons, not normally through the daughters. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations)
HEB	12	7	y3z3			0	Endure suffering as discipline	"Understand that during suffering God teaches us discipline"
HEB	12	7	v1gu	figs-simile		0	God deals with you as with sons	This compares God disciplining his people to a father disciplining his sons. You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "God deals with you the same way a father deals with his sons" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
HEB	12	7	i3k4	figs-gendernotations		0	sons ... son	All occurrences of these words may be stated to include males and females. Alternate translation: "children ... child" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	12	7	jb38	figs-rquestion		0	what son is there whom his father does not discipline?	The author makes the point throught this question that every good father disciplines his children. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "every father disciplines his children!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HEB	12	8	kwc6	figs-abstractnouns		0	But if you are without discipline, which all people share in	You can restate the abstract noun "discipline" as the verb "disciplining." Alternate translation: "So if you have not experienced God disciplining you like he disciplines all his children" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	12	8	s5u9	figs-metaphor		0	then you are illegitimate and not his sons	Those whom God does not discipline are spoken of as if they are sons born to a man and a woman who are not married each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	9	r4lb	figs-exclamations		0	How much more should we submit to the Father of spirits and live!	The author uses an exclamation to emphasize that we should obey God the Father. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: "Therefore even more so, we should obey the Father of spirits and live." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
HEB	12	9	cl95	figs-idiom		0	the Father of spirits	This idiom contrasts with "fathers in the flesh." Alternate translation: "our spiritual Father" or "our Father in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HEB	12	9	pem8			0	and live	"so that we will live"
HEB	12	10	l1a3	figs-metaphor		0	so that we can share in his holiness	This metaphor speaks of "holiness" as if it were an object that can be shared among people. Alternate translation: "so that we may become holy as God is holy" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	11	g13e	figs-metaphor		0	it produces the peaceful fruit of righteousness	"Fruit" here is a metaphor for "result" or "outcome." Alternate translation: "it produces the peaceful result of righteousness" or "it produces righteousness, which results in peace" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	11	xbg8	figs-personification		0	who have been trained by it	"who have been trained by discipline." The discipline or correction done by the Lord is spoken of as if it were the Lord himself. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God has trained by disciplining them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	12	cvp9	figs-metaphor		0	strengthen your hands that hang down and your weak knees.	Possibly this continues the metaphor about the race in [Hebrews 12:1](../12/01.md). It is in this way that the author speaks about living as Christians and helping others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	13	yi9n	figs-metaphor		0	Make straight paths for your feet	Possibly this continues the metaphor about the race in [Hebrews 12:1](../12/01.md). It is in this way that the author speaks about living as Christians and helping others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	13	qmq7	figs-metaphor		0	straight paths	Living so as to honor and please God is spoken of as if it were a straight path to follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	13	i19d	figs-metaphor		0	what is lame will not be sprained	In this metaphor of running a race, "lame" represents another person in the race who is hurt and wants to quit. This, in turn, represent the Christians themselves. Alternate translation: "whoever is weak and wants to quit will not sprain his ankle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	13	euf9	figs-metaphor		0	will not be sprained	Someone who stops obeying God is spoken of as if he injured his foot or ankle on a path. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "will not sprain his ankle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	13	wq18	figs-metaphor		0	rather be healed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "instead become strong" or "instead God will heal him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	14	b6ef			0	General Information:	The man Esau, who was told about in the writings of Moses, refers to Isaac's first son and Jacob's brother.
HEB	12	14	h45r	figs-metaphor		0	Pursue peace with everyone	Here the abstract noun "peace" is spoken of as if it were something that a person must chase after and can be translated with an adverb. Alternate translation: "Try to live peacefully with everyone" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	12	14	pa9a	figs-doublenegatives		0	also the holiness without which no one will see the Lord	This can be expressed as a positive encouragement. Alternate translation: "also work hard to be holy, because only holy people will see the Lord" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	12	14	v9z7	figs-ellipsis		0	also the holiness	You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "also pursue the holiness" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
HEB	12	15	at8j			0	no one lacks God's grace	"no one receives God's grace and then lets go of it" or "no one rejects God's grace after first trusting in him"
HEB	12	15	nh7g	figs-metaphor		0	that no root of bitterness grows up to cause trouble, so that many do not become polluted by it	Hateful or resentful attitudes are spoken of as if they were a plant bitter to the taste. Alternate translation: "that no one becomes like a bitter root, which when it grows causes trouble and harms many people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	17	j6x8	figs-activepassive		0	he was rejected	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "his father, Isaac, refused to bless him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	17	d6he	figs-abstractnouns		0	because he found no opportunity for repentance	The abstract noun "repentance" can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: "because it was not possible for him to repent" or "because it was not possible for him to change his decision" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
HEB	12	17	b7k3			0	even though he sought it with tears	Here "he" refers to Esau.
HEB	12	18	y1ed			0	General Information:	The words "you" and "You" refer to the Hebrew believers to whom the author wrote. The word "they" refers to people of Israel after Moses led them out of Egypt. The first quotation comes from the writings of Moses. God reveals in this passage in Hebrews that Moses said he shook at seeing the mountain.
HEB	12	18	xti4			0	Connecting Statement:	The author gives a contrast between what believers in Moses' time had while living under the law and what present day believers have after coming to Jesus under the new covenant. He illustrates the experience of the Israelites by describing how God appeared to them at Mount Sinai.
HEB	12	18	a43l	figs-explicit		0	For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched	The implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "For you have not come, as the people of Israel came, to a mountain that can be touched" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	12	18	w6j6	figs-activepassive		0	that can be touched	This means that believers in Christ have not come to a physical mountain like Mount Sinai that a person can touch or see. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that a person can touch" or "that people can perceive with their senses" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	19	s3x2			0	You have not come to a trumpet blast	"You have not come to a place where there is the loud sound of a trumpet"
HEB	12	19	x2qk	figs-metonymy		0	nor to a voice that speaks words whose hearers begged that not another word be spoken to them	Here "voice" refers to someone speaking. The phrase "be spoken" can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "or where God was speaking in such a way that those who heard him begged him not to speak another word to them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	20	p7qu	figs-activepassive		0	what was commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "what God commanded" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	20	x31x	figs-activepassive		0	it must be stoned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "you must stone it" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	22	w9jj			0	General Information:	The man Abel was the son of the first man and woman, Adam and Eve. Cain, also their son, murdered Abel.
HEB	12	22	r9dz	figs-metaphor		0	Mount Zion	The writer speaks of Mount Zion, the temple mount in Jerusalem, as if it were heaven itself, the residence of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	22	k1kv			0	tens of thousands of angels	"an uncountable number of angels"
HEB	12	23	j94e	figs-metaphor		0	the firstborn	This speaks of believers in Christ as if they were firstborn sons. This emphasizes their special place and privilege as God's people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	23	km4a	figs-activepassive		0	registered in heaven	"whose names are written in heaven." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whose names God has written in heaven" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	23	i7qb	figs-activepassive		0	who have been made perfect	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom God has made perfect" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	24	kq1v			0	the mediator of a new covenant	This means Jesus caused the new covenant between God and humans to exist. See how you translated this phrase in [Hebrews 9:15](../09/15.md).
HEB	12	24	nz8l	figs-personification		0	the sprinkled blood that speaks better than Abel's blood	The blood of Jesus and the blood of Abel are spoken of as if they were people calling out. Alternate translation: "the sprinkled blood of Jesus that says better things than the blood of Abel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	12	24	z7uq	figs-metonymy		0	blood	Here "blood" stands for Jesus' death, as Abel's blood stands for his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	12	25	pnn5	figs-you		0	General Information:	This quotation is from the prophet Haggai in the Old Testament. The word "you" continues to refer to believers. The word "we" continues to refer to the writer and the readers who are believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	12	25	c9cn			0	Connecting Statement:	Having contrasted the Israelites' experience at Mount Sinai with the believers' experience after Christ died, the writer reminds believers that they have the same God who warns them today. This is the fifth main warning given to believers.
HEB	12	25	nnk9	figs-doublenegatives		0	you do not refuse the one who is speaking	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "you pay attention to the one who is speaking" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HEB	12	25	gkn1	figs-explicit		0	if they did not escape	The implicit information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "if the people of Israel did not escape judgment" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	12	25	fy9u			0	the one who warned them on earth	Possible meanings are 1) "Moses, who warned them here on earth" or 2) "God, who warned them at Mount Sinai"
HEB	12	25	s5lj	figs-metaphor		0	if we turn away from the one who is warning	Disobeying God is spoken of as if a person were changing direction and walking away from him. Alternate translation: "if we disobey the one who is warning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	12	26	rf4e			0	his voice shook the earth	"when God spoke, the sound of his voice caused the earth to shake"
HEB	12	26	i1c8			0	shook ... shake	Use the word for what an earthquake does in moving the ground. This refers back to [Hebrews 12:18-21](./18.md) and what happened when the people saw the mountain where Moses received the law from God.
HEB	12	27	ylq9			0	General Information:	Here the quotation from the prophet Haggai is repeated from the previous verse.
HEB	12	27	z6ys	figs-abstractnouns		0	mean the removal of those things that can be shaken, that is, of the things	The abstract noun "removal" can be translated with the verb "remove." This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "mean that God will remove the things that he can shake, that is, the things" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	27	l29r			0	shaken	Use the word for what an earthquake does in moving the ground. This refers back to [Hebrews 12:18-21](./18.md) and what happened when the people saw the mountain where Moses received the law from God. See how you translated "shook" and "shake" in [Hebrews 12:26](../12/26.md).
HEB	12	27	s3xt	figs-activepassive		0	that have been created	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God has created" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	27	ta84	figs-activepassive		0	the things that cannot be shaken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the things that do not shake" or "the things that cannot shake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	27	zr9x	figs-activepassive		0	that cannot be shaken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that does not shake" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	12	28	m44c	writing-connectingwords		0	receiving a kingdom	You can add the words "because we are" to make clear the logical connection between this statement and the next statement. Alternate translation: "because we are receiving a kingdom" or "because God is making us members of his kingdom" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-connectingwords]])
HEB	12	28	btf6			0	let us be grateful	"let us give thanks"
HEB	12	28	f382	figs-doublet		0	with reverence and awe	The words "reverence" and "awe" share similar meanings and emphasize the greatness of reverence due to God. Alternate translation: "with great respect and dread" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
HEB	12	29	f899	figs-metaphor		0	our God is a consuming fire	God is spoken of here as if he were a fire that can burn up anything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	intro	c8gg			0		# Hebrews 13 General Notes<br>#### Structure and formatting<br><br>The author finishes the list of exhortations he began in chapter 12. Then he asks the readers to pray for him and ends the letter.<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 13:6, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>#### Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>##### Hospitality<br><br>God wants his people to invite other people to come to their homes to eat food and even to sleep. His people should do this even if they do not know well the people they are inviting. In the Old Testament, Abraham and his nephew Lot both showed hospitality to people they did not know. Abraham served a costly meal to them, and then Lot invited them to sleep in his house. They learned later that those people were actually angels.<br>
HEB	13	1	sf1n			0	Connecting Statement:	In this closing section, the author gives specific instructions to believers on how they are supposed to live.
HEB	13	1	g819			0	Let brotherly love continue	"Continue to show your love for other believers as you would for a member of your family"
HEB	13	2	rh7r	figs-litotes		0	Do not forget	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Be sure to remember" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
HEB	13	2	y7cd			0	hospitality for strangers	"to welcome and show kindness to strangers"
HEB	13	3	mx5r	figs-activepassive		0	as if you were bound with them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "as if you were tied up along with them" or "as if you were in prison with them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	3	d3ze	figs-activepassive		0	who are mistreated	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "whom others are mistreating" or "who are suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	3	g4ap	figs-activepassive		0	as if you also were them in the body	This phrase encourages believers to think about other people's suffering as they would think about their own suffering. Alternate translation: "as if you were the one suffering" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	4	ix27	figs-activepassive		0	Let marriage be respected by everyone	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Men and women who are married to each other must respect each other" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	4	ix79	figs-euphemism		0	Let the marriage bed be pure	This refers to the act of sexual union as if it were only the bed of a married couple. Alternate translation: "Let husbands and wives honor their marriage relationship to one another and not sleep with other people" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	5	sz35			0	Let your conduct be free from the love of money	Here "conduct" refers to a person's character or the way he lives, and "free from the love of money" refers to not greatly desiring to have more money. A person who loves money is not content with the amount of money he has. Alternate translation: "Let your conduct not be affected by the love of money" or  "Do not greatly wish to have more money"
HEB	13	5	n19c			0	Be content	"Be satisfied"
HEB	13	6	c8w6	figs-explicit		0	The Lord is my helper ... do to me	This is a quotation from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HEB	13	6	q8ie	figs-rquestion		0	I will not be afraid. What can a man do to me?	The author uses a question to emphasize that he does not fear people because God is helping him. Here "man" means any person in general. Alternate translation: "I will not fear what any person can do to me!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	13	7	e6b5			0	God's word	"what God has said"
HEB	13	7	ym9m			0	the result of their conduct	"the outcome of the way they behave"
HEB	13	7	tvu6	figs-metonymy		0	Imitate their faith	Here the trust in God and the way of life led by these leaders are spoken of as "their faith." Alternate translation: "Trust and obey God in the same way they do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	8	dv5g	figs-metonymy		0	is the same yesterday, today, and forever	Here "yesterday" means all times in the past. Alternate translation: "is the same in the past, the present, and in the future forever" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	9	y92c			0	General Information:	This section refers to animal sacrifices made by believers in God in Old Testament times, which covered their sins temporarily until the death of Christ came about.
HEB	13	9	dp5w	figs-metaphor		0	Do not be carried away by various strange teachings	Being persuaded by various teachings is spoken of as if a person were being carried away by a force. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Do not let others persuade you to believe their various strange teachings" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	9	fe6i			0	various strange teachings	"many, different teachings that are not the good news we told you"
HEB	13	9	tmt1	figs-metaphor		0	it is good that the heart should be strengthened by grace, not by foods that do not help those who walk by them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we become stronger when we think of how God has been kind to us, but we do not become stronger by obeying rules about food" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	9	t28u	figs-metonymy		0	the heart should be strengthened	Here "heart" is a metonym for the "inner being." Alternate translation: "we should be strengthened inwardly" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	9	ar93	figs-metonymy		0	foods	Here "foods" stands for rules about food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	9	kf3b	figs-metaphor		0	those who walk by them	Living is spoken of as if it were walking. Alternate translation: "those who live by them" or "those who regulate their lives by them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	10	jjy3	figs-metonymy		0	We have an altar	Here "altar" stands for "place of worship." It also stands for the animals that the priests in the old covenant sacrificed, from which they took meat for themselves and their families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	11	luf7	figs-activepassive		0	the blood of the animals killed for sins is brought by the high priest into the holy place	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the high priest brings into the holy place the blood of the animals that the priests killed for sins" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	11	iv19	figs-activepassive		0	while their bodies are burned	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "while the priests burn the animals' bodies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	11	f7nb			0	outside the camp	"away from where the people lived"
HEB	13	12	x48h			0	Connecting Statement:	There is a comparison here between Jesus' sacrifice and the tabernacle sacrifices of the Old Testament.
HEB	13	12	fw9g			0	So	"In the same way" or "Because the bodies of the sacrifices were burned outside the camp" ([Hebrews 13:11](../13/11.md))
HEB	13	12	eq6t	figs-metonymy		0	outside the city gate	This stands for "outside the city." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	13	zf8v	figs-metaphor		0	Let us therefore go to him outside the camp	Obeying Jesus is spoken of as if a person were leaving the camp to go out where Jesus is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	13	h3j4	figs-metaphor		0	bearing his shame	Disgrace is spoken of as if it were an object that had to be carried in one's hands or on one's back. Alternate translation: "while allowing others to insult us just like people insulted him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	14	u2wn			0	looking for	"waiting for"
HEB	13	15	zfy9	figs-metaphor		0	sacrifices of praise	Praise is spoken of as if it were a sacrifice of animals or incense. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	15	b4p1	figs-metaphor		0	praise that is the fruit of lips that acknowledge his name	Praise is spoken of as if it were fruit produced by the lips of people. Alternate translation: "praise that is produced by the lips of those who acknowledge his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	15	zr2d	figs-synecdoche		0	lips that acknowledge his name	Here "lips" represents people who speak.  Alternate translation: "the lips of those who acknowledge his name" or "those who acknowledge his name" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HEB	13	15	v52x	figs-metonymy		0	his name	A person's name represents that person. Alternate translation: "him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	16	ma8c	figs-litotes		0	Let us not forget doing good and helping one another	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Let us always remember to do good and help others" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
HEB	13	16	kp76	figs-metaphor		0	with such sacrifices	Doing good and helping others is spoken of as if they were sacrifices on an altar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	17	n5e8	figs-metaphor		0	keep watch over your souls	The believers' souls, that is, the believers' spiritual well-being, are spoken of as if they were objects or animals that guards could keep watch over. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	17	z2yp	figs-metonymy		0	not with groaning	Here "groaning" stands for sadness or grief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	18	d5hf			0	Connecting Statement:	The author closes with a blessing and greetings.
HEB	13	18	xmh1	figs-exclusive		0	Pray for us	Here "us" refers to the author and his companions, but not to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
HEB	13	18	n6gb	figs-metaphor		0	we are persuaded that we have a clean conscience	Here "clean" stands for being free from guilt. Alternate translation: "we are certain that we have no guilt" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	19	cg4l	figs-activepassive		0	that I will be returned to you sooner	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God will quickly remove the things that stop my coming to you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	20	n66e			0	Now	This marks a new section of the letter. Here the author praises God and gives a final prayer for his readers.
HEB	13	20	d8yq			0	brought back from the dead the great shepherd of the sheep, our Lord Jesus	"raised the great shepherd of the sheep, our Lord Jesus, to life"
HEB	13	20	k6n6			0	from the dead	From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To raise someone from among them speaks of causing that person to become alive again.
HEB	13	20	gn9w	figs-metaphor		0	the great shepherd of the sheep	Christ in his role of leader and protector of those who believe in him is spoken of as if he were a shepherd of sheep. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HEB	13	20	qxb8	figs-metonymy		0	by the blood of the eternal covenant	Here "blood" stands for the death of Jesus, which is the basis for the covenant that will last forever between God and all believers in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	21	qj79			0	equip you with everything good to do his will	"give you every good thing you need in order to do his will "make you capable of doing every good thing according to his will"
HEB	13	21	r3mi	figs-inclusive		0	working in us	The word "us" refers to the author and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
HEB	13	21	u6iq			0	to whom be the glory forever	"whom all people will praise forever"
HEB	13	22	wa9r			0	Now	This marks a new section of the letter. Here the author gives his final comments to his audience.
HEB	13	22	b27j	figs-gendernotations		0	brothers	This refers to all the believers to whom he is writing whether male or female. Alternate translation: "fellow believers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
HEB	13	22	d5e6			0	bear with the word of encouragement	"patiently consider what I have just written to encourage you"
HEB	13	22	l8b3	figs-metonymy		0	the word of encouragement	Here "word" stands for a message. Alternate translation: "the encouraging message" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HEB	13	23	w3m2	figs-activepassive		0	has been set free	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "is no longer in prison" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HEB	13	24	r7kn			0	Those from Italy greet you	Possible meanings are 1) the author is not in Italy, but there is a group of believers with him who have come from Italy or 2) the author is in Italy while writing this letter.
HEB	13	24	kk9c	translate-names		0	Italy	This is the name of a region at that time. Rome was the then-capital city of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])