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Fix validation errors in Luke (#1858)
Edit 'en_tn_43-LUK.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_43-LUK.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Edit 'en_tn_43-LUK.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Created 'en_tn_43-LUK.tsv' using 'tc-create-app' Co-authored-by: lrsallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org> Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1858 Co-Authored-By: Larry Sallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org> Co-Committed-By: Larry Sallee <lrsallee@noreply.door43.org>
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@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ LUK 1 44 h54t figs-metaphor ὡς ἐγένετο ἡ φωνὴ τοῦ ἀσπ
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LUK 1 44 u9db figs-metaphor ἐσκίρτησεν ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει 1 leaped for joy As in [1:41](../01/41.md), **leaped** is a figurative way of referring to sudden movement. Alternate translation: “moved suddenly because he was so happy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 1 45 kf73 figs-123person ἡ πιστεύσασα…τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ Κυρίου 1 she who believed … the things that were spoken to her from the Lord Elizabeth is speaking to Mary, and these phrases describe Mary, but Elizabeth nevertheless speaks of her in the third person. She does this perhaps as a sign of respect, since she has just identified Mary as “the mother of my Lord.” Alternate translation: “you who believed … the message that the Lord sent you”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
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LUK 1 45 gc1e figs-activepassive ἔσται τελείωσις τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ Κυρίου 1 that there would be a fulfillment of the things that were spoken to her from the Lord If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who will do the action. Alternate translation: “that the Lord would do everything he sent the angel to tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 1 45 g8rc figs-explicit ἔσται τελείωσις τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ Κυρίου 1 that there would be a fulfillment of the things that were spoken to her from the Lord Here, instead of the word "by," Elizabeth uses the word **from** because Mary actually heard the angel Gabriel speak (see [1:26](../01/26.md)), but the things he spoke ultimately came from the Lord. Alternate translation: “that the Lord would do everything he sent the angel to tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 1 45 g8rc figs-explicit ἔσται τελείωσις τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ Κυρίου 1 that there would be a fulfillment of the things that were spoken to her from the Lord Here, instead of the word “by," Elizabeth uses the word **from** because Mary actually heard the angel Gabriel speak (see [1:26](../01/26.md)), but the things he spoke ultimately came from the Lord. Alternate translation: “that the Lord would do everything he sent the angel to tell you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 1 46 vxj4 figs-synecdoche μεγαλύνει ἡ ψυχή μου 1 My soul magnifies The word **soul** refers to the inmost part of a person. Here, Mary uses it to refer to all of herself. Mary is saying that her worship comes from deep inside her. Alternate translation: “From the depths of my being, I praise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LUK 1 47 jp51 figs-synecdoche ἠγαλλίασεν τὸ πνεῦμά μου 1 and my spirit has rejoiced The word **spirit** also refers to the inner part of a person. Alternate translation: “yes, with everything inside of me, I rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LUK 1 47 l067 figs-parallelism ἠγαλλίασεν τὸ πνεῦμά μου 1 and my spirit has rejoiced This statement is parallel to the one in the previous verse. Mary is speaking in poetry. Hebrew poetry was based on this kind of repetition, and it might be good to show that to your readers by including both phrases in your translation rather than combining them. Alternate translation: “yes, with everything inside of me, I rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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@ -963,7 +963,7 @@ LUK 6 35 l315 grammar-connect-logic-result καὶ 3 and This word introduces th
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LUK 6 35 ly98 ἔσται ὁ μισθὸς ὑμῶν πολύς 1 your reward will be great Your language may require you to say who will do this action. Alternate translation: “God will reward you greatly”
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LUK 6 35 zw5k figs-metaphor υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου 1 sons of the Most High This is a figurative expression. Even so, it would probably be best to translate **sons** with the same word that your language would naturally use to refer to a human son or child. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 6 35 l316 figs-gendernotations υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου 1 sons of the Most High Jesus is using the word **sons** in a generic sense that includes all people. Alternate translation: “children of the Most High” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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LUK 6 35 qr5x υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου 1 sons of the Most High Make sure that the word **sons** or “children” in your translation is plural and not capitalized, if your language uses that convention for titles, so that readers do not confuse this expression with the title for Jesus, "the Son of the Most High," which occurs in [1:32](../01/32.md) and [8:28](../08/28.md).
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LUK 6 35 qr5x υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου 1 sons of the Most High Make sure that the word **sons** or “children” in your translation is plural and not capitalized, if your language uses that convention for titles, so that readers do not confuse this expression with the title for Jesus, “the Son of the Most High," which occurs in [1:32](../01/32.md) and [8:28](../08/28.md).
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LUK 6 35 l317 figs-idiom Ὑψίστου 1 the Most High See how you translated the expression **the Most High** in [1:32](../01/32.md). Review the note there if that would be helpful. Alternate translation: “of the Most High God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 6 35 l318 figs-nominaladj τοὺς ἀχαρίστους καὶ πονηρούς 1 the ungrateful and evil Here Jesus is using the adjectives **ungrateful** and **evil** as nouns to refer groups of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this pair of words with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “people who are ungrateful and evil” or “people who do not thank God and who do wrong things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
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LUK 6 36 n28w figs-metaphor ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν 1 your Father This is a figurative expression. God is not the **Father** of humans in the same actual way that he is the **Father** of Jesus. Even so, it would probably be best to translate **Father** with the same word that your language would naturally use to refer to a human father. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that this means God. Alternate translation: “God your Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -972,7 +972,7 @@ LUK 6 37 e8fb figs-activepassive οὐ μὴ κριθῆτε 1 you will certainl
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LUK 6 37 vkl8 καὶ μὴ καταδικάζετε 1 do not condemn Your language may require you to specify the object of **condemn**. Alternate translation: “Do not condemn other people”
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LUK 6 37 gz37 figs-activepassive οὐ μὴ καταδικασθῆτε 1 you will certainly not be condemned If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Jesus does not say exactly who would not condemn. There are two possibilities. Alternate translations: (1) “God will not condemn you” or (2) “other people will not condemn you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 6 37 l319 ἀπολύετε 1 Forgive Your language may require you to specify the object of **release**. Alternate translation: “Forgive other people”
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LUK 6 37 ls01 figs-metaphor ἀπολύετε 1 Release Jesus is using the word **release** figuratively to mean "forgive." Alternate translation: "Forgive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 6 37 ls01 figs-metaphor ἀπολύετε 1 Release Jesus is using the word **release** figuratively to mean “forgive." Alternate translation: “Forgive" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 6 37 a22w figs-activepassive ἀπολυθήσεσθε 1 you will be released Jesus does not say exactly who would **release**. There are two possibilities. Alternate translations: (1) “God will forgive you” or (2) “other people will forgive you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])<br>
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LUK 6 38 ryf8 figs-activepassive δοθήσεται ὑμῖν 1 it will be given to you If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who would do the action. Jesus does not say exactly who will give. There are two possibilities. Alternate translation: (1) “God will give to you” or (2) “other people will give to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 6 38 q8sq figs-metaphor μέτρον καλὸν, πεπιεσμένον σεσαλευμένον ὑπερεκχυννόμενον, δώσουσιν εἰς τὸν κόλπον ὑμῶν 1 a good measure—pressed down, shaken together, spilling over—they will pour into your lap Jesus is comparing someone to a grain merchant who measures out very generously. He could mean either God or other people. The word **they** is indefinite, so it does not necessarily refer to people rather than to God. You could represent this metaphor as a simile in your translation. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “Like a generous grain merchant who presses down the grain and shakes it together and pours in so much that it fills a container and spills over, God will give you a generous amount” or “Like a generous grain merchant who presses down the grain and shakes it together and pours in so much that it fills a container and spills over, people will give you a generous amount” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -1038,8 +1038,8 @@ LUK 6 49 l347 figs-ellipsis ὁ…ἀκούσας καὶ μὴ ποιήσας 1
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LUK 6 49 wg4w figs-simile ὅμοιός ἐστιν 1 he is like Jesus says this to introduce the simile that follows in the rest of the verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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LUK 6 49 l342 figs-gendernotations ἀνθρώπῳ οἰκοδομήσαντι οἰκίαν 1 a man who built a house Here Jesus is using **man** in the generic sense. Alternate translation: “a person who built a house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
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LUK 6 49 yu5r translate-unknown ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν χωρὶς θεμελίου 1 on the ground without a foundation The phrase **on the ground without a foundation** refers to the same method of building as in [6:48](../06/48.md). You could describe this more fully in your translation. Alternatively, if the people of your culture would not be familiar with that building method, you can use the same image for creating a stable building that you used there in your translation. Alternate translation: “without digging down first to create a foundation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 6 49 bs8c ᾗ προσέρρηξεν ὁ ποταμός 1 against which the torrent of water flowed In this context, the word **flowed** indicates violent impact. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: "The floodwaters crashed against it"
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LUK 6 49 q98t συνέπεσεν 1 collapsed Alternate translation: “it fell down" or "it came apart”
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LUK 6 49 bs8c ᾗ προσέρρηξεν ὁ ποταμός 1 against which the torrent of water flowed In this context, the word **flowed** indicates violent impact. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “The floodwaters crashed against it"
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LUK 6 49 q98t συνέπεσεν 1 collapsed Alternate translation: “it fell down" or “it came apart”
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LUK 6 49 jm86 ἐγένετο τὸ ῥῆγμα τῆς οἰκίας ἐκείνης μέγα 1 the ruin of that house was great Your language may require you to say what was responsible for the **ruin** of the **house**. Alternate translation: “the floodwaters completely demolished that house”
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LUK 7 intro u8gj 0 # Luke 07 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>1. Jesus does miracles in Capernaum and Nain (7:1–17)<br>2. Jesus responds to messengers from John the Baptist and then teaches about John (7:18–35)<br>3. A woman anoints Jesus with perfume (7:36–50)<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. ULT does this with the quoted material in 7:27.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Centurion<br><br>A centurion was a Roman military commander. The centurion who asked Jesus to heal his slave (Luke 7:2) was doing some unusual things. A Roman soldier, especially an officer, would almost never go to a Jew for help, and most wealthy people did not love or care for their slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/centurion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>### John’s Baptism<br><br>This chapter refers again to the baptism of John (7:29). John baptized people who wanted to show that they knew they were sinners and that they were sorry for their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### “Sinners”<br><br>In 7:34, Jesus describes how the Pharisees said he was a friend of “sinners.” That was the name that the Pharisees used for people whom they thought were disobeying the law of Moses. In reality, it was the Pharisees who were sinful, since they rejected Jesus, the Savior whom God had sent. This situation can be understood as irony. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])<br><br>### Washing feet<br><br>The feet of the people in the ancient Near East were very dirty because they wore sandals and the roads and trails were dusty in the dry season and muddy in the wet season. Only slaves washed other people’s feet. The woman who washed Jesus’ feet was showing him great honor.
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LUK 7 1 l343 figs-metonymy τὰ ῥήματα αὐτοῦ 1 his words Luke is using the term **words** figuratively to describe the things that Jesus taught by using words. Alternate translation: “his teaching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@ LUK 7 3 l349 ἐρωτῶν αὐτὸν ὅπως ἐλθὼν διασώσῃ
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LUK 7 4 hm7l παρεκάλουν αὐτὸν σπουδαίως 1 they asked him earnestly Alternate translation: “they pleaded with him” or “they begged him”
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LUK 7 4 y6vt writing-pronouns ἄξιός ἐστιν 1 He is worthy Here the pronoun **he** refers to the centurion, not the servant. Alternate translation: “This centurion is worthy” or “This centurion deserves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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LUK 7 5 cny7 figs-exclusive τὸ ἔθνος ἡμῶν 1 our nation Here, **our nation** refers to the Jewish people. Since the elders are speaking to Jesus as a fellow Jew, the word **our** would be inclusive, if your language marks that distinction. Alternate translation: “our people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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LUK 7 6 l350 grammar-connect-logic-result δὲ 1 And Here, **and** could mean one of two things. (1) It could mean that Jesus went with the elders because they pleaded with him. Alternate translation, as in UST: “So” (2) It could mean that Jesus went with the elders after they pleaded with him. Alternate translation: "Then" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 7 6 l350 grammar-connect-logic-result δὲ 1 And Here, **and** could mean one of two things. (1) It could mean that Jesus went with the elders because they pleaded with him. Alternate translation, as in UST: “So” (2) It could mean that Jesus went with the elders after they pleaded with him. Alternate translation: “Then" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 7 6 s5xg ἐπορεύετο 1 went on his way Alternate translation: “went along”
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LUK 7 6 el4w figs-litotes αὐτοῦ οὐ μακρὰν ἀπέχοντος ἀπὸ τῆς οἰκίας 1 when he was … not far away from the house Luke is expressing a positive meaning figuratively by using a negative word together with a word that is the opposite of the intended meaning. Alternate translation: “when he was … near the house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
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LUK 7 6 i6kv μὴ σκύλλου 1 do not trouble yourself The centurion is speaking politely to Jesus through these friends. Alternate translation: “I do not want to make you go out of your way”
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@ -1073,8 +1073,8 @@ LUK 7 11 dmz7 translate-names Ναΐν 1 Nain **Nain** is the name of a city. (S
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LUK 7 12 l355 writing-background δὲ 1 And Luke uses **and** to introduce background information that will help readers understand what happens next. Alternate translation: “Now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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LUK 7 12 l356 figs-metaphor ἰδοὺ 1 behold Luke uses the term **behold** to call the reader’s attention to what he is about to say. Your language may have a similar expression that you can use here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 7 12 l357 writing-participants ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς 1 one who had died was being carried out Luke uses this phrase to introduce a new character into the story. If your language has its own way of doing that, you can use it here in your translation. Alternate translation: “there was a man who had died, and he was being carried out of the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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LUK 7 12 zr69 figs-activepassive ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ 1 one who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who was doing the action. It may be helpful to break the sentence here. Alternate translation: “people were carrying a man who had died out of the city. He was his mother's only son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 7 12 l358 figs-explicit ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ 1 one who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother Luke assumes that his readers will know that the people were carrying the man out of the city in order to bury him. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. It may be helpful to break the sentence here. Alternate translation: “people were carrying a man who had died out of the city so that they could bury his body. He was his mother's only son" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 7 12 zr69 figs-activepassive ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ 1 one who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who was doing the action. It may be helpful to break the sentence here. Alternate translation: “people were carrying a man who had died out of the city. He was his mother's only son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 7 12 l358 figs-explicit ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ 1 one who had died was being carried out, the only son of his mother Luke assumes that his readers will know that the people were carrying the man out of the city in order to bury him. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. It may be helpful to break the sentence here. Alternate translation: “people were carrying a man who had died out of the city so that they could bury his body. He was his mother's only son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 7 12 n96r writing-background μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ; καὶ αὐτὴ ἦν χήρα 1 the only begotten son of his mother (and she was a widow) This is background information about the dead man and his mother. It may be helpful to begin a new sentence here and to introduce it in a way that shows it is background information. Alternate translation: “Now he was his mother’s only son, and she was a widow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
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LUK 7 12 i5iv figs-explicit μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ; καὶ αὐτὴ ἦν χήρα 1 the only begotten son of his mother (and she was a widow) The implication is that in this culture, when her son died, the woman lost her only means of support, since her husband had also died. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Now he was his mother’s only son, and she was a widow, so he had been her only means of support” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 7 13 l359 ὁ Κύριος 1 the Lord Here Luke refers to Jesus by a respectful title. Alternate translation: “Jesus” or “the Lord Jesus”
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@ -1215,7 +1215,7 @@ LUK 7 49 ie4z figs-rquestion τίς οὗτός ἐστιν ὃς καὶ ἁμ
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LUK 7 50 lje8 figs-abstractnouns ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε 1 Your faith has saved you If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **faith** with a verb such as “trust.” Alternate translation: “you have trusted in God, and God has saved you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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LUK 7 50 l398 figs-personification ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε 1 Your faith has saved you Jesus speaks figuratively of the woman’s **faith** as if it had actively **saved** her. He means that it provided the conditions for her to receive salvation from God. Alternate translation: “you have trusted in God, and God has saved you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
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LUK 7 50 sp2u figs-explicit πορεύου εἰς εἰρήνην 1 Go in peace This was a way of saying goodbye while giving a blessing at the same time. It also reassured the woman, despite the disapproval of the religious leaders. Alternate translation: “May God give you peace as you go” or “You may go now, and do not worry about your sins anymore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 8 intro ba3i 0 # Luke 08 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>1. Jesus teaches the crowds with parables (8:1–21)<br>2. Jesus calms a storm on the Sea of Galilee (8:22–25)<br>3. Jesus drives out many demons from a man (8:26–39)<br>4. Jesus heals a woman and restores a dead girl to life (8:40–55)<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Miracles<br><br>In this chapter, Jesus makes a storm stop by speaking to it, he makes a dead girl alive by speaking to her, and he makes evil spirits leave a man by speaking to them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Parables<br><br>Parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people who wanted to believe in him could easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. But people who did not want to believe in him would not be able to understand the message (Luke 8:4-15).<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Brothers and sisters<br><br><br>Most people use the terms “brother” and “sister" for those who have the same parents <br>as they do. They think of them as some of the most important people in their lives. Some people also call those with the same grandparents “brother” and “sister.” In this chapter, Jesus says that the most important people to him are those who obey his Father in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/brother]])<br><br>## Important textual issues in this chapter<br><br>### “having spent all her living on doctors”<br><br>In [8:43](../08/43.md), some ancient manuscripts of the Bible have the phrase “having spent all her living on doctors,” but other manuscripts do not. ULT includes the phrase in its text, but it mentions in a footnote that scholars are divided as to whether it was an original part of the book of Luke. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to include the phrase if it does, but leave it out if it does not include it. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to follow the example of ULT. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
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LUK 8 intro ba3i 0 # Luke 08 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>1. Jesus teaches the crowds with parables (8:1–21)<br>2. Jesus calms a storm on the Sea of Galilee (8:22–25)<br>3. Jesus drives out many demons from a man (8:26–39)<br>4. Jesus heals a woman and restores a dead girl to life (8:40–55)<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Miracles<br><br>In this chapter, Jesus makes a storm stop by speaking to it, he makes a dead girl alive by speaking to her, and he makes evil spirits leave a man by speaking to them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Parables<br><br>Parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people who wanted to believe in him could easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. But people who did not want to believe in him would not be able to understand the message (Luke 8:4-15).<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Brothers and sisters<br><br>Most people use the terms “brother” and “sister” for those who have the same parents as they do. They think of them as some of the most important people in their lives. Some people also call those with the same grandparents “brother” and “sister.” In this chapter, Jesus says that the most important people to him are those who obey his Father in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/brother]])<br><br>## Important textual issues in this chapter<br><br>### “having spent all her living on doctors”<br><br>In [8:43](../08/43.md), some ancient manuscripts of the Bible have the phrase “having spent all her living on doctors,” but other manuscripts do not. ULT includes the phrase in its text, but it mentions in a footnote that scholars are divided as to whether it was an original part of the book of Luke. If a translation of the Bible exists in your region, you may wish to include the phrase if it does, but leave it out if it does not include it. If a translation of the Bible does not exist in your region, you may wish to follow the example of ULT. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])
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LUK 8 1 i6mi writing-newevent καὶ ἐγένετο 1 And it happened that Luke uses this phrase to introduce a new event in the story. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for introducing a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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LUK 8 1 l399 figs-idiom κατὰ πόλιν καὶ κώμην 1 through city and village This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “around to different cities and villages” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 8 1 l401 figs-abstractnouns τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 the kingdom of God See how you decided to translate this phrase in [4:43](../04/43.md). If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **kingdom** with a verb such as “rule.” Alternate translation: “how God would rule” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@ LUK 8 5 lt8n κατέφαγεν αὐτό 1 devoured it Alternate translation:
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LUK 8 6 k6a4 ἐξηράνθη 1 it withered away Continue to use either the singular or the plural, whichever would be more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “each plant dried out and shriveled up” or “the plants dried out and shriveled up”
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LUK 8 6 ktz7 διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν ἰκμάδα 1 because it had no moisture Alternate translation: “because there was no water for it in the rock” or “because there was no water for them in the rock”
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LUK 8 7 xzq2 ἀπέπνιξαν αὐτό 1 choked it The thorn plants took all the nutrients, water, and sunlight, so the farmer’s plants could not grow well. Continue to use either the singular or the plural, whichever would be more natural in your language. Alternate translation: “crowded it out” or “crowded them out” or “kept it from growing well” or “kept them from growing well”
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LUK 8 8 q12t ἐποίησεν καρπὸν ἑκατονταπλασίονα 1 it produced fruit a hundred times greater Here the word translated **fruit** has the specific sense of "a crop." Since the farmer is sowing wheat seeds, this crop would be more seeds. Alternate translation: "it produced a hundred times as much seed as had landed in this soil" or "they produced a hundred times as many seeds as had landed in this soil"
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LUK 8 8 q12t ἐποίησεν καρπὸν ἑκατονταπλασίονα 1 it produced fruit a hundred times greater Here the word translated **fruit** has the specific sense of "a crop." Since the farmer is sowing wheat seeds, this crop would be more seeds. Alternate translation: “it produced a hundred times as much seed as had landed in this soil” or “they produced a hundred times as many seeds as had landed in this soil”
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LUK 8 8 b92z figs-metonymy ὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν, ἀκουέτω 1 The one who has ears to hear, let him hear Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize that what he has just said is important and that it may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase **ears to hear** figuratively represents the willingness to understand and obey by association with the part of the body by which his listeners would have been taking in his teaching. Alternate translation: “If anyone is willing to understand, let him understand and obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 8 8 l408 figs-123person ὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν, ἀκουέτω 1 The one who has ears to hear, let him hear Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. Alternate translation: “If you are willing to listen, then listen” or “If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
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LUK 8 8 l409 figs-you ὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν, ἀκουέτω 1 The one who has ears to hear, let him hear If you choose to translate this in the second person, **you** would be plural, since Jesus is speaking to the crowd. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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@ -1496,7 +1496,7 @@ LUK 9 23 h46s figs-metaphor ὀπίσω μου ἔρχεσθαι 1 come after me
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LUK 9 23 fnk7 ἀρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν 1 let him deny himself Alternate translation: “he must forsake his own desires”
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LUK 9 23 l494 figs-explicit ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καθ’ ἡμέραν 1 let him … take up his cross daily The image is of a condemned prisoner being forced to carry the cross on which he would be crucified to the place where he would be executed. Luke assumes that his readers will recognize this image from their own culture. But if it would not be familiar to your readers, you could use a more general expression. Alternate translation: “he must be willing every day to suffer and die for my sake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 9 23 h7j1 figs-metaphor ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καθ’ ἡμέραν 1 let him … take up his cross daily To **take up** a **cross** figuratively represents being willing to suffer and die. Alternate translation: “he must be willing every day to suffer and die for my sake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 9 23 pk72 figs-metaphor καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι 1 and follow me Here, to **follow** Jesus means to obey him. Alternate translation: "and obey me in that way" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 9 23 pk72 figs-metaphor καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι 1 and follow me Here, to **follow** Jesus means to obey him. Alternate translation: “and obey me in that way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 9 24 l495 figs-idiom ὃς δ’ ἂν ἀπολέσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ 1 but whoever would lose his life for my sake This phrase is an idiom. Jesus is not encouraging his disciples to do self-destructive things. Alternate translation: “but whoever is willing to give up everything for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 9 25 lx8i figs-rquestion τί γὰρ ὠφελεῖται ἄνθρωπος, κερδήσας τὸν κόσμον ὅλον, ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἀπολέσας ἢ ζημιωθείς? 1 For what is a man profited, having gained the whole world, but losing or destroying himself? Jesus does not expect his disciples to tell him what benefit this would be. Rather, he is using the question form as a teaching tool. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would not benefit a person to get everything he wanted in this world and yet be lost eternally.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 9 25 l496 figs-activepassive τί γὰρ ὠφελεῖται ἄνθρωπος, κερδήσας τὸν κόσμον ὅλον, ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἀπολέσας ἢ ζημιωθείς 1 For what is a man profited, having gained the whole world, but destroying or losing himself If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “For what benefit would it be to a person to gain the whole world but to lose or destroy himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -1526,7 +1526,7 @@ LUK 9 32 tw7e figs-explicit εἶδον τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ 1 they s
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LUK 9 32 tsj6 καὶ τοὺς δύο ἄνδρας τοὺς συνεστῶτας αὐτῷ 1 and the two men who were standing with him The phrase **the two men** refers to Moses and Elijah. Alternate translation: “and they also saw Moses and Elijah”
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LUK 9 33 l504 writing-newevent καὶ ἐγένετο 1 And it happened that Luke uses this phrase to introduce a new development within this episode. Use a word, phrase, or other method in your language that is natural for this purpose. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
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LUK 9 33 npk9 writing-pronouns ἐν τῷ διαχωρίζεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ 1 as they were going away from him The pronoun **they** refers to Moses and Elijah, not to the disciples. Alternate translation: “as Moses and Elijah were about to leave Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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LUK 9 33 l505 figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς…ποιήσωμεν 1 for us … let us make Since Peter wants to make it possible for Moses and Elijah to stay, when he says **for us**, he likely means "all six of us." So if your language distinguishes between exclusive and inclusive "us," use the inclusive form in that case. However, when Peter says **let us**, he is likely referring to himself and to James and John, so use the exclusive form of "us" in that case.<br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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LUK 9 33 l505 figs-exclusive ἡμᾶς…ποιήσωμεν 1 for us … let us make Since Peter wants to make it possible for Moses and Elijah to stay, when he says **for us**, he likely means “all six of us.” So if your language distinguishes between exclusive and inclusive “us,” use the inclusive form in that case. However, when Peter says **let us**, he is likely referring to himself and to James and John, so use the exclusive form of “us” in that case. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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LUK 9 33 mby6 translate-unknown σκηνὰς 1 tents The term **tents** means simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep. Peter probably had in mind that he and the other two disciples would build them from the materials available on the mountain such as tree branches. Alternate translation: “shelters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 9 33 l506 μὴ εἰδὼς ὃ λέγει 1 not knowing what he says To call attention to a development in the story, Luke uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you can use the past tense in your translation. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “He did not know what he was saying”
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LUK 9 34 ct1w writing-pronouns ταῦτα δὲ αὐτοῦ λέγοντος 1 as he was saying this Alternate translation: “While Peter was saying these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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@ -1746,9 +1746,9 @@ LUK 10 25 l603 translate-unknown νομικός 1 lawyer See how you translated
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LUK 10 25 l604 translate-symaction ἀνέστη 1 stood up By standing up, this lawyer was indicating that he had a question to ask Jesus. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain that this was the reason for his action. Alternate translation: “stood up to show that he wanted to ask a question” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
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LUK 10 25 c6ac ἐκπειράζων αὐτὸν 1 to test him Alternate translation: “to see how well he would answer”
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LUK 10 25 l605 Διδάσκαλε 1 Teacher **Teacher** was a respectful title. You can translate it with an equivalent term that your language and culture would use.
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LUK 10 25 dh16 figs-metaphor τί ποιήσας, ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω? 1 doing what, will I inherit everlasting life? The lawyer is using the term **inherit** in a figurative sense to mean “come to possess” or “have.” Alternate translation: “what must I do in order to have everlasting life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 10 25 dh16 figs-metaphor τί ποιήσας, ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω? 1 doing what, will I inherit everlasting life? The lawyer is using the term **inherit** in a figurative sense to mean “come to possess” or “have.” Alternate translation: “what must I do in order to have everlasting life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 10 25 l606 figs-verbs τί ποιήσας, ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω? 1 Doing what, will I inherit eternal life? This lawyer may be asking about a single deed that would be worthy of eternal life, because he uses a verb form that does not indicate continuing action. Alternate translation: “What one thing do I need to do so that God will give me eternal life?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-verbs]])
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LUK 10 25 ls03 figs-metaphor τί ποιήσας, ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω 1 doing what, will I inherit everlasting life The lawyer means implicitly that he would **inherit** or “come to possess” this **everlasting life** from God. Alternate translation: “what must I do so that God will give me everlasting life" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 10 25 ls03 figs-metaphor τί ποιήσας, ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω 1 doing what, will I inherit everlasting life The lawyer means implicitly that he would **inherit** or “come to possess” this **everlasting life** from God. Alternate translation: “what must I do so that God will give me everlasting life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 10 26 nj77 figs-rquestion ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις? 1 What is written in the law? How do you read it? Jesus is using these questions to get this man to reflect on the Jewish law and apply it to his own question. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this as a statement that incorporates both of Jesus’ questions. Alternate translation: “Tell me what Moses wrote about that in the law and how you understand it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 10 26 l607 figs-parallelism ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις? 1 What is written in the law? How do you read it? These two phrases mean similar things. Jesus may be using repetition for emphasis and clarity. Both phrases have to do with what the law says. The first phrase views this objectively in terms of what is written there, and the second phrase views this subjectively from the perspective of a person reading it. You do not need to put both phrases in your translation if your readers might wonder why Jesus was saying basically the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “Tell me what answer a person would find to your question in the law of Moses.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
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LUK 10 26 m2nl figs-activepassive ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? 1 What is written in the law? If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “What did Moses write in the law?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -1861,12 +1861,12 @@ LUK 11 11 l654 translate-textvariants τίνα δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν τὸν π
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LUK 11 11 l655 τίνα δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν τὸν πατέρα αἰτήσει ὁ υἱὸς ἰχθύν, καὶ ἀντὶ ἰχθύος, ὄφιν αὐτῷ ἐπιδώσει 1 And which father among you, his son will ask for a fish, and instead of a fish he will give him a snake Alternate translation: “Which of you fathers, if his son asked for a fish, would give him a snake instead of a fish”
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LUK 11 11 q63d figs-rquestion τίνα δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν τὸν πατέρα αἰτήσει ὁ υἱὸς ἰχθύν, καὶ ἀντὶ ἰχθύος, ὄφιν αὐτῷ ἐπιδώσει? 1 And which father among you, his son will ask for a fish, and instead of a fish he will give him a snake? Jesus is using the question form to teach his disciples. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or exclamation. Alternate translation: “None of you fathers would give your son a snake if he asked for a fish!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 11 11 l656 figs-hypo τίνα δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν τὸν πατέρα αἰτήσει ὁ υἱὸς ἰχθύν, καὶ ἀντὶ ἰχθύος, ὄφιν αὐτῷ ἐπιδώσει? 1 And which father among you, his son will ask for a fish, and instead of a fish he will give him a snake? Jesus is also using a hypothetical situation to teach, and you could translate his words that way. Alternate translation: “Suppose one of you had a son who asked for a fish to eat. None of you fathers would give him a snake instead.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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LUK 11 11 ls04 figs-explicit ὄφιν 1 a snake In this culture, people did not eat snakes. So Jesus is saying that a father would not give a son something the son could not eat if the son asked for something that he could eat. If people do eat snakes in your culture, you could use the name of something that they do not eat, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: "something he cannot eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 11 11 ls04 figs-explicit ὄφιν 1 a snake In this culture, people did not eat snakes. So Jesus is saying that a father would not give a son something the son could not eat if the son asked for something that he could eat. If people do eat snakes in your culture, you could use the name of something that they do not eat, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “something he cannot eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 11 12 l657 figs-ellipsis ἢ καὶ αἰτήσει ᾠόν, ἐπιδώσει αὐτῷ σκορπίον 1 Or also he will ask for an egg, he will give him a scorpion Jesus is speaking in an abbreviated way. Alternate translation: “Or if a son asked for an egg, would his father give him a scorpion” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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LUK 11 12 r52w figs-rquestion ἢ καὶ αἰτήσει ᾠόν, ἐπιδώσει αὐτῷ σκορπίον? 1 Or also he will ask for an egg, he will give him a scorpion? Jesus is using the question form to teach his disciples. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or exclamation. Alternate translation: “And no father would give his son a scorpion if he asked for an egg!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 11 12 l658 figs-hypo ἢ καὶ αἰτήσει ᾠόν, ἐπιδώσει αὐτῷ σκορπίον? 1 Or also he will ask for an egg, he will give him a scorpion? Jesus is also using a hypothetical situation to teach. You could translate his words that way. Alternate translation: “Or suppose a son asked for an egg to eat. His father would not give him a scorpion instead.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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LUK 11 12 e8hr translate-unknown σκορπίον 1 scorpion A **scorpion** is a small animal related to the spider. It has two claws and a poisonous stinger in its tail. If your readers would not be familiar with scorpions, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “a poisonous stinging animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 11 12 ls05 figs-explicit σκορπίον 1 a scorpion In this culture, people did not eat scorpions. So Jesus is saying that a father would not give a son something the son could not eat if the son asked for something that he could eat. If people do eat scorpions in your culture, you could use the name of something that they do not eat, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: "something he cannot eat" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 11 12 ls05 figs-explicit σκορπίον 1 a scorpion In this culture, people did not eat scorpions. So Jesus is saying that a father would not give a son something the son could not eat if the son asked for something that he could eat. If people do eat scorpions in your culture, you could use the name of something that they do not eat, or you could use a general expression. Alternate translation: “something he cannot eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 11 13 g99r grammar-connect-condition-fact εἰ…ὑμεῖς πονηροὶ ὑπάρχοντες, οἴδατε 1 if you who are evil know Jesus is speaking as if this were a hypothetical possibility, but he means that it is actually true. If your language does not state something as a condition if it is certain or true, and if your readers might misunderstand and think that what Jesus is saying is not certain, then you can translate his words as an affirmative statement. Alternate translation: “since you who are evil know” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-condition-fact]])
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LUK 11 13 aww7 figs-rquestion πόσῳ μᾶλλον ὁ Πατὴρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, δώσει Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον τοῖς αἰτοῦσιν αὐτόν? 1 how much more will the Father who is from heaven give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him? Jesus is using the question form to teach his disciples. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words as a statement or exclamation. Alternate translation: “your Heavenly Father will even more certainly give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 11 14 uyu1 grammar-connect-time-background καὶ 1 And Luke uses this word to begin relating a new event by introducing background information that will help readers understand what happens. Alternate translation: “Now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-time-background]])
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@ -2108,7 +2108,7 @@ LUK 12 12 gz6v figs-idiom ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ 1 in that hour Jesus i
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LUK 12 13 i2vi writing-participants εἶπεν δέ τις ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου αὐτῷ 1 Then someone from the crowd said to him Luke uses this phrase to introduce a new character into the story. Alternate translation: “Then a man who was there in the crowd said to Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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LUK 12 13 l762 Διδάσκαλε 1 Teacher **Teacher** is a respectful title. You can translate it with an equivalent term that your language and culture would use.
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LUK 12 13 d1dj figs-explicit μερίσασθαι μετ’ ἐμοῦ τὴν κληρονομίαν 1 to divide the inheritance with me In this culture, inheritances came from the father, usually after the father had died. You may need to make explicit that the speaker’s father had probably died. Alternate translation: “to divide the family property with me now that our father is dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 12 14 i8sm ἄνθρωπε 1 Man Here Jesus is using the impersonal term **man** to put some social distance between himself and the questioner, by contrast with the way he called his disciples "friends"* in [12:4](../12/04.md). He is effectively rebuking the man for asking such a question. Your language might have a way of addressing people in a similar situation. Alternate translation: “Mister”
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LUK 12 14 i8sm ἄνθρωπε 1 Man Here Jesus is using the impersonal term **man** to put some social distance between himself and the questioner, by contrast with the way he called his disciples “friends” in [12:4](../12/04.md). He is effectively rebuking the man for asking such a question. Your language might have a way of addressing people in a similar situation. Alternate translation: “Mister”
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LUK 12 14 hmn6 figs-rquestion τίς με κατέστησεν κριτὴν ἢ μεριστὴν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς? 1 who appointed me a judge or a mediator over you? Jesus is using the question form to rebuke the man. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate his words as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one appointed me to be a judge or mediator over you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 12 14 l763 figs-doublet κριτὴν ἢ μεριστὴν 1 a judge or a mediator These two terms mean similar things. Jesus may be using them together for emphasis as he rebukes this man. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate them with a single word that would carry the meaning of both terms. Alternate translation: “an arbitrator” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
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LUK 12 14 l764 figs-hendiadys κριτὴν ἢ μεριστὴν 1 a judge or a mediator Jesus could also be using these two words to express a single idea. The term **mediator** may explain for what purpose a person was appointed as a **judge**, specifically, to settle disputes. Alternate translation: “a judge who settles disputes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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@ -2209,7 +2209,7 @@ LUK 12 38 x25s translate-unknown ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ…φυλακῇ 1 i
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LUK 12 38 qa35 translate-unknown κἂν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ φυλακῇ 1 or even in the third watch The **third watch** was from midnight until 3:00 a.m. Alternate translation: “or even after midnight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 12 38 l803 καὶ εὕρῃ οὕτως, μακάριοί εἰσιν ἐκεῖνοι 1 and finds them thus, blessed are those Alternate translation: “how good it will be for servants whom he finds waiting for him” or “how good it will be for servants who are ready when he returns”
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LUK 12 39 l804 τοῦτο δὲ γινώσκετε 1 But understand this Jesus says this to encourage his disciples to think carefully about what he is going to tell them. Alternate translation: “Now I want you to think carefully about this”
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LUK 12 39 l805 figs-parables εἰ ᾔδει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης 1 if the owner of the house had known To help his disciples understand what he has been teaching, Jesus provides a further illustration. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Then Jesus gave his disciples this further illustration to help them understand. ‘If the owner of the house had known’ (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
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LUK 12 39 l805 figs-parables εἰ ᾔδει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης 1 if the owner of the house had known To help his disciples understand what he has been teaching, Jesus provides a further illustration. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “Then Jesus gave his disciples this further illustration to help them understand. ‘If the owner of the house had known’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
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LUK 12 39 l806 figs-hypo εἰ ᾔδει ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης ποίᾳ ὥρᾳ ὁ κλέπτης ἔρχεται 1 if the master of the house had known at which hour the thief was coming The illustration that Jesus chooses involves a hypothetical situation. Alternate translation: “Suppose a thief were going to rob a house, and suppose the owner of the house knew when the thief was coming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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LUK 12 39 v73u figs-idiom ποίᾳ ὥρᾳ 1 at which hour Jesus uses the term **hour** figuratively to refer to a particular time. Alternate translation: “when” or “at what time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 12 39 ej9m figs-activepassive οὐκ ἂν ἀφῆκεν διορυχθῆναι τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ 1 he would not have let his house be broken into If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “he would not have let the thief break into his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -2448,7 +2448,7 @@ LUK 13 34 zhg8 figs-activepassive τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸ
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LUK 13 34 rj48 figs-exclamations ποσάκις ἠθέλησα 1 How often have I desired This is an exclamation and not a question. Alternate translation: “I have desired so often” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
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LUK 13 34 q1i3 figs-metaphor ἐπισυνάξαι τὰ τέκνα σου 1 to gather your children Jesus is figuratively describing the people who live in Jerusalem as if they were the **children** of the city. Alternate translation: “to gather your people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 13 34 q4nf figs-ellipsis ὃν τρόπον ὄρνις τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας 1 the way a hen her own brood under her wings Jesus is leaving out the word **gathers** that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You can supply this word from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “the way a hen gathers her own brood under her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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LUK 13 34 l916 figs-you σου 1 your Even though Jesus is speaking of the people who live in Jerusalem, he is figuratively addressing the city, so **your** would be singular. The pronoun **you** would also be a singular pronoun in any case where it is needed in your language as a pronoun for a verb, for example, "you were not willing," and in the phrase “sent to you,” if you decide to use the second person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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LUK 13 34 l916 figs-you σου 1 your Even though Jesus is speaking of the people who live in Jerusalem, he is figuratively addressing the city, so **your** would be singular. The pronoun **you** would also be a singular pronoun in any case where it is needed in your language as a pronoun for a verb, for example, “you were not willing,” and in the phrase “sent to you,” if you decide to use the second person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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LUK 13 34 kb9t figs-simile ὃν τρόπον ὄρνις τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας 1 the way a hen gathers her brood under her wings Jesus uses this comparison to describe how he wishes he could care for the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “just as if I were a hen gathering her chicks under her wings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
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LUK 13 34 l917 translate-unknown τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν 1 her brood The term **brood** refers collectively to all of the young offspring of a bird. Alternate translation: “her chicks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 13 34 l918 figs-explicit ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας 1 under her wings The implication is that a hen would put her baby chicks there to protect them. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “under her wings to protect them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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@ -2743,7 +2743,7 @@ LUK 16 1 blp5 figs-activepassive οὗτος διεβλήθη αὐτῷ ὡς 1
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LUK 16 1 lpc3 διασκορπίζων τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ 1 wasting his possessions Alternate translation: “managing his wealth badly”
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LUK 16 2 m049 grammar-connect-logic-result καὶ 1 And Jesus uses this word to introduce the results of what the previous sentence described. Alternate translation (as in UST): “So” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 16 2 abci writing-pronouns φωνήσας αὐτὸν 1 he called him The pronoun **he** refers to the rich man, and **him** refers to the manager. Alternate translation: “the rich man called the manager” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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LUK 16 2 m050 figs-quotesinquotes εἶπεν αὐτῷ, τί τοῦτο ἀκούω περὶ σοῦ? ἀπόδος τὸν λόγον τῆς οἰκονομίας σου; οὐ γὰρ δύνῃ ἔτι οἰκονομεῖν 1 said to him, ‘What is this that I hear about you? Give an account of your management, for you are no longer able to manage If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “told him that he had been hearing bad things about him and that he needed to turn over his financial records, since he would not be the manager any more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 2 m050 figs-quotesinquotes εἶπεν αὐτῷ, τί τοῦτο ἀκούω περὶ σοῦ? ἀπόδος τὸν λόγον τῆς οἰκονομίας σου; οὐ γὰρ δύνῃ ἔτι οἰκονομεῖν 1 said to him, ‘What is this that I hear about you? Give an account of your management, for you are no longer able to manage.’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “told him that he had been hearing bad things about him and that he needed to turn over his financial records, since he would not be the manager any more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
|
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LUK 16 2 p7y7 figs-rquestion τί τοῦτο ἀκούω περὶ σοῦ? 1 What is this I hear about you? The rich man is not looking for information. He is using the question form to scold the manager. If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this as an exclamation. Alternate translation: “I have heard what you are doing!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 16 2 q433 ἀπόδος τὸν λόγον τῆς οἰκονομίας σου 1 Give a report of your management Alternate translation: “Turn over your financial records” or “Set your records in order to pass on to someone else”
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LUK 16 2 m051 οὐ γὰρ δύνῃ ἔτι οἰκονομεῖν 1 you are no longer able to manage Alternate translation: “since you cannot be my financial manager any longer”
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@ -2764,7 +2764,7 @@ LUK 16 6 m058 translate-unknown σου τὰ γράμματα 1 your bill A **bi
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LUK 16 6 m059 translate-bvolume πεντήκοντα 1 50 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use the equivalent modern measurement in your translation. Alternate translation: “1,500 liters” or “400 gallons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
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LUK 16 7 sy3y figs-quotesinquotes ἔπειτα ἑτέρῳ εἶπεν, σὺ δὲ πόσον ὀφείλεις? 1 Then to another he said, ‘And you, how much do you owe?’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “Then the manager asked another debtor how much he owed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 7 pq2u translate-bvolume ἑκατὸν κόρους 1 100 cors The word **cors** is the plural of “cor,” an ancient measurement equal to about one fifth of a metric ton or about ten bushels. If it would be clearer in your language, you could use the equivalent modern measurement in your translation. You could also use a general term, as UST does. Alternate translation: “20 tons” (metric tons) or “1,000 bushels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
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LUK 16 7 m060 figs-quotesinquotes ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, ἑκατὸν κόρους σίτου. λέγει αὐτῷ, δέξαι σου τὰ γράμματα καὶ γράψον ὀγδοήκοντα 1 And he said, ‘100 cors of wheat.’ He says to him, ‘Take your bill, and write 80 If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “He told the manager that he owed 100 cors of wheat. The manager told him to take his bill and change that to 80 cors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 7 m060 figs-quotesinquotes ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, ἑκατὸν κόρους σίτου. λέγει αὐτῷ, δέξαι σου τὰ γράμματα καὶ γράψον ὀγδοήκοντα 1 And he said, ‘100 cors of wheat.’ He says to him, ‘Take your bill, and write 80.’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “He told the manager that he owed 100 cors of wheat. The manager told him to take his bill and change that to 80 cors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 7 m061 λέγει αὐτῷ 1 He says to him To convey vividness and immediacy, the parable uses the present tense in past narration here. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you can use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “He said to him”
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LUK 16 7 m062 translate-unknown σου τὰ γράμματα 1 your bill See how you translated this in [16:6](../16/06.md). Alternate translation: “your statement” or “your note” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 16 7 tn17 translate-bvolume ὀγδοήκοντα 1 80 If it would be clearer in your language, you could use an equivalent modern measurement in your translation. Alternate translation: “16 tons” or “800 bushels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
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@ -2775,7 +2775,7 @@ LUK 16 8 lvx7 figs-metaphor τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ φωτὸς 1 the son
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LUK 16 8 m064 figs-metaphor τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ φωτὸς 1 the sons of light The term **light** is a metaphor for the presence and influence of God in the world. Alternate translation: “the people of God” or “godly people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 16 8 m065 figs-metaphor εἰς τὴν γενεὰν τὴν ἑαυτῶν 1 in their own generation Jesus speaks figuratively of **the sons of this age** as if they had all been born in the same **generation**. Alternate translation: “in relation to their own kind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 16 9 agp3 writing-endofstory καὶ ἐγὼ ὑμῖν λέγω 1 And I say to you Jesus uses the phrase **I say to you** to mark the end of the story and to introduce a teaching about how his disciples can apply the story to their lives. It may be helpful to make this a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “And you should do something similar” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
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LUK 16 9 jkn7 ἑαυτοῖς ποιήσατε φίλους ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας, ἵνα ὅταν ἐκλίπῃ, δέξωνται ὑμᾶς εἰς τὰς αἰωνίους σκηνάς 1 make friends for yourselves by means of unrighteous wealth, so that when it fails, they may welcome you into the eternal dwellings The identity of these **friends** is unclear. Interpreters understand them in a variety of ways. It is also unclear whether it is these **friends** who would **welcome** someone into the **eternal dwellings** or whether the expression is indefinite, equivalent to "you will be welcomed into the eternal dwellings." Because the meaning is unclear and it is interpreted in such a variety of ways, it might be best if your translation did not say any more about this than ULT does.<br><br><br>
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LUK 16 9 jkn7 ἑαυτοῖς ποιήσατε φίλους ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας, ἵνα ὅταν ἐκλίπῃ, δέξωνται ὑμᾶς εἰς τὰς αἰωνίους σκηνάς 1 make friends for yourselves by means of unrighteous wealth, so that when it fails, they may welcome you into the eternal dwellings The identity of these **friends** is unclear. Interpreters understand them in a variety of ways. It is also unclear whether it is these **friends** who would **welcome** someone into the **eternal dwellings** or whether the expression is indefinite, equivalent to “you will be welcomed into the eternal dwellings.” Because the meaning is unclear and it is interpreted in such a variety of ways, it might be best if your translation did not say any more about this than ULT does.
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LUK 16 9 q2jb figs-metonymy τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας 1 unrighteous wealth Here, the term **unrighteous** is an echo of the previous verse, in which Jesus described the manager by the same term. It likely refers to the various shrewd means by which the people of this world make money. Jesus is applying it by association to money itself. Alternate translation: “the money you have in this world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 16 9 m066 ὅταν ἐκλίπῃ 1 when it fails Alternate translation: “when it is gone” or “when it no longer has any value”
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LUK 16 10 we3j ὁ πιστὸς ἐν ἐλαχίστῳ 1 The one who is faithful in very little Be sure that this does not sound as if it is describing a person who is not very faithful. Alternate translation: “Someone who is trustworthy even in very small matters”
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@ -2840,7 +2840,7 @@ LUK 16 23 tl8x figs-idiom ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτο
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LUK 16 23 vca4 ὑπάρχων ἐν βασάνοις 1 being in torment Alternate translation: “while suffering in terrible pain”
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LUK 16 23 m083 ὁρᾷ 1 he sees To call attention to a significant development in the story, Jesus uses the present tense in past narration. See how you decided to approach this usage in [7:40](../07/40.md). If it would not be natural to use the present tense in your language, you can use the past tense in your translation. Alternate translation: “he saw”
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LUK 16 23 qpd2 figs-explicit ἐν τοῖς κόλποις αὐτοῦ 1 in his bosom See how you translated this expression in [16:22](../16/22.md). Alternate translation: “in a place of honor next to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 16 24 m084 figs-quotesinquotes αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν, Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ, ἐλέησόν με καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον, ἵνα βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου; ὅτι ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ 1 crying out he said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am tormented in this flame If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “he shouted over to Abraham, addressing him respectfully as his ancestor, and asked him to have mercy on him and send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool his tongue, because he was in a flame that was making him suffer greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 24 m084 figs-quotesinquotes αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν, Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ, ἐλέησόν με καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον, ἵνα βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου; ὅτι ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ 1 crying out he said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me and send Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am tormented in this flame.’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “he shouted over to Abraham, addressing him respectfully as his ancestor, and asked him to have mercy on him and send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool his tongue, because he was in a flame that was making him suffer greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 24 dpp9 figs-hendiadys αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν 1 crying out he said Together the terms **crying out** and **said** mean that the rich man spoke what follows as a loud cry. Alternate translation: “the rich man shouted out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
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LUK 16 24 m95a figs-metaphor Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ 1 Father Abraham The rich man is using the term **Father**, which figuratively means “ancestor,” as a respectful title. Abraham was the ancestor of all the Jews. Alternate translation: “Abraham, my father” or “Abraham, my ancestor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 16 24 b2rc figs-imperative ἐλέησόν με 1 have mercy on me This is an imperative, but it should be translated as a polite request rather than as a command. It may be helpful to add an expression such as “please” to make this clear. Alternate translation: “please have pity on me” or “please help me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
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@ -2848,7 +2848,7 @@ LUK 16 24 ly9k καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον 1 and send Lazarus Alternate
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LUK 16 24 rc6p figs-hyperbole βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου 1 that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue The rich man is making an exaggeratedly small request in order to emphasize how hot and thirsty he is. In your translation, you could indicate that this is not the most he would want Lazarus to do. Alternate translation: “so that he can at least dip his finger in water and cool my tongue with a drop of it” or “so he can bring me water to drink that will cool my tongue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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LUK 16 24 rc6x figs-hyperbole καὶ καταψύξῃ τὴν γλῶσσάν μου 1 and cool my tongue The rich man is figuratively describing how thirsty he is by association with the way his **tongue** feels hot. Alternate translation: “so that I will not be so thirsty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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LUK 16 24 qix8 figs-activepassive ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ 1 I am tormented in this flame If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “this flame is making me suffer greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 16 25 m085 figs-quotesinquotes εἶπεν δὲ Ἀβραάμ, τέκνον, μνήσθητι ὅτι ἀπέλαβες τὰ ἀγαθά σου ἐν τῇ ζωῇ σου, καὶ Λάζαρος ὁμοίως τὰ κακά. νῦν δὲ ὧδε παρακαλεῖται, σὺ δὲ ὀδυνᾶσαι 1 But Abraham said, ‘Child, remember that in your lifetime you received your good things, and Lazarus in like manner bad things. But now he is comforted here, and you are suffering greatly If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “But Abraham, addressing the rich man as his descendant, told him to remember that he had received good things in his lifetime, while Lazarus had received bad things in his lifetime, but now Lazarus was receiving comforts with him, while the rich man was suffering greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 25 m085 figs-quotesinquotes εἶπεν δὲ Ἀβραάμ, τέκνον, μνήσθητι ὅτι ἀπέλαβες τὰ ἀγαθά σου ἐν τῇ ζωῇ σου, καὶ Λάζαρος ὁμοίως τὰ κακά. νῦν δὲ ὧδε παρακαλεῖται, σὺ δὲ ὀδυνᾶσαι 1 But Abraham said, ‘Child, remember that in your lifetime you received your good things, and Lazarus in like manner bad things. But now he is comforted here, and you are tormented If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “But Abraham, addressing the rich man as his descendant, told him to remember that he had received good things in his lifetime, while Lazarus had received bad things in his lifetime, but now Lazarus was receiving comforts with him, while the rich man was suffering greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 25 m086 figs-metaphor τέκνον 1 Child Abraham is using the term **child** figuratively to mean “descendant.” As a Jew, the rich man was a descendant of Abraham. Abraham is likely using the term in a compassionate way. Alternate translation: “My dear child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 16 25 we9w figs-nominaladj τὰ ἀγαθά σου 1 the good of yours Abraham is using the adjective **good** as a noun. It is plural. If your language does not use adjectives as nouns, you can translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “your good things” or “things that you enjoyed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
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LUK 16 25 rv17 ὁμοίως 1 likewise Abraham is referring to the fact that both men received something while they lived on earth. He is not saying that what they received was the same. Alternate translation: “while he was living received”
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@ -2873,7 +2873,7 @@ LUK 16 29 x8pt figs-metonymy Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 M
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LUK 16 29 m094 figs-merism Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας 1 Moses and the prophets Abraham is referring figuratively to all of God’s Word that had been written up to that time. He is using two of its major collections of writings to do so. Alternate translation: “the Scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
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LUK 16 29 l3in figs-idiom ἀκουσάτωσαν αὐτῶν 1 let them listen to them Here, **listen to** is an idiom that means “obey.” Alternate translation: “let them obey their teaching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 16 29 m095 figs-explicit ἀκουσάτωσαν αὐτῶν 1 let them listen to them The implication is that the rich man’s brothers do not need Lazarus to come and warn them, because in the Scriptures they already have all the warning they need. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “your brothers should obey their teaching, because it provides all the warning they need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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||||
LUK 16 30 m096 figs-quotesinquotes ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, οὐχί, Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ, ἀλλ’ ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν πορευθῇ πρὸς αὐτοὺς, μετανοήσουσιν 1 But he replied, ‘No, Father Abraham, but if someone would go to them from the dead, they will repent If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “But the rich man told Abraham, addressing him respectfully as his ancestor, that his brothers would not repent based on the teaching of the Scriptures, but that if someone came to them from the dead, then they would repent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 30 m096 figs-quotesinquotes ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, οὐχί, Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ, ἀλλ’ ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν πορευθῇ πρὸς αὐτοὺς, μετανοήσουσιν 1 But he replied, ‘No, Father Abraham, but if someone would go to them from the dead, they will repent.’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “But the rich man told Abraham, addressing him respectfully as his ancestor, that his brothers would not repent based on the teaching of the Scriptures, but that if someone came to them from the dead, then they would repent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 16 30 m097 figs-explicit οὐχί 1 No The rich man uses this word to indicate that what Abraham has just said is not true. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could explain the meaning more fully. Alternate translation: “No, my brothers would not repent based on the teaching of the Scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 16 30 d84a figs-hypo ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν πορευθῇ πρὸς αὐτοὺς, μετανοήσουσιν 1 if someone would go to them from the dead, they will repent The rich man is describing a hypothetical situation that he would like to happen. Alternate translation: “suppose someone who had died went and warned them. Then they would repent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
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LUK 16 30 m098 figs-nominaladj ἀπὸ νεκρῶν 1 from the dead The rich man is using the adjective **dead** as a noun in order to indicate a group of people. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you can translate this with an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “from among the people who have died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
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@ -2891,7 +2891,7 @@ LUK 17 1 m103 figs-metaphor τὰ σκάνδαλα 1 traps Jesus is using the wo
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LUK 17 1 zck5 figs-ellipsis οὐαὶ δι’ οὗ ἔρχεται! 1 woe through whom they come! Jesus is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. Alternate translation: “how terrible it will be for anyone who causes these temptations to come” or “how terrible it will be for any person who tempts others to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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LUK 17 2 dvz5 figs-explicit λυσιτελεῖ αὐτῷ εἰ 1 It would be better for him if Jesus is drawing a comparison to the punishment for causing people to sin. He means that this person’s punishment for causing people to sin will be worse than if he had drowned in the sea. No one would actually put a stone around his neck and throw him into the sea as an alternative to that punishment, and Jesus is not saying that anyone will do so. Alternate translation: “The punishment he will receive will be worse than if” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 17 2 uk6e figs-explicit λίθος μυλικὸς περίκειται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ 1 a millstone were lying around his neck The implication is that someone would tie the stone around the person’s neck. Alternate translation: “if someone were to attach a millstone around his neck” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 17 2 gr89 translate-unknown λίθος μυλικὸς 1 a millstone A **millstone** is a very large, heavy, circular stone that is used for grinding grain into flour. If your readers would not be familiar with a millstone, you could use a general expression in your translation. Alternate translation: “a heavy stone” or "a heavy wheel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 17 2 gr89 translate-unknown λίθος μυλικὸς 1 a millstone A **millstone** is a very large, heavy, circular stone that is used for grinding grain into flour. If your readers would not be familiar with a millstone, you could use a general expression in your translation. Alternate translation: “a heavy stone” or "a heavy wheel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 17 2 k9xl figs-metaphor σκανδαλίσῃ 1 he should trap See how you translated this in [17:1](../17/01.md). Jesus is using the word **trap** figuratively. Alternate translation: “he should tempt to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 17 2 xm7x figs-metaphor τῶν μικρῶν τούτων 1 these little ones This could mean one of several things. (1) It could refer to children who love Jesus and who are physically **little** compared to adults. Alternate translation: “these children who believe in me” (2) It could refer figuratively to people whose faith is new and has not yet become mature and strong. Alternate translation: “these new believers” (3) It could refer figuratively to people who are not important from a human perspective. Alternate translation: “these common people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 17 3 m104 figs-explicit προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς 1 Pay attention to yourselves Since Jesus is teaching about how important it is not to sin and not to encourage others to sin, the implication is that this statement means that he wants his disciples to help one another not to sin. Alternate translation: “Help one another not to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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@ -2938,7 +2938,7 @@ LUK 17 9 m127 figs-nominaladj τὰ διαταχθέντα 1 the things commande
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LUK 17 9 a1fm figs-activepassive τὰ διαταχθέντα 1 the things commanded If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “the things he commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 17 10 m128 figs-nominaladj τὰ διαταχθέντα ὑμῖν 1 the things commanded you Jesus is using a participle, which functions here as an adjective, as a noun. It is plural, and ULT supplies the noun **things** to show that. Your language may use adjectives in the same way. If not, you could translate this with an equivalent noun phrase. Alternate translation: “the things God commanded you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
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LUK 17 10 ub27 figs-activepassive τὰ διαταχθέντα ὑμῖν 1 the things commanded you If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who did the action. Alternate translation: “the things God commanded you to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 17 10 m129 figs-quotesinquotes λέγετε, ὅτι δοῦλοι ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν, ὃ ὠφείλομεν ποιῆσαι πεποιήκαμεν 1 say, ‘We are worthless servants. We have done what we ought to do If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “say that you are unworthy servants and that you have only what you ought to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 17 10 m129 figs-quotesinquotes λέγετε, ὅτι δοῦλοι ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν, ὃ ὠφείλομεν ποιῆσαι πεποιήκαμεν 1 say, ‘We are worthless servants. We have done what we ought to do.’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “say that you are unworthy servants and that you have only what you ought to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 17 10 m130 figs-exclusive δοῦλοι ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν, ὃ ὠφείλομεν ποιῆσαι πεποιήκαμεν 1 We are worthless servants. We have done what we ought to do People who would say this would be speaking about themselves but not about God, to whom they would be speaking, so if your language distinguishes between exclusive and inclusive **we**, use the exclusive form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
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LUK 17 10 dga7 figs-hyperbole δοῦλοι ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν 1 We are worthless servants This is an exaggeration that means the servants have not done anything worthy of praise or thanks or a special reward. Alternate translation: “We are unworthy servants” or “We have not done anything while serving you that deserves special thanks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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LUK 17 10 m132 ὃ ὠφείλομεν ποιῆσαι πεποιήκαμεν 1 We have done what we ought to do Alternate translation: “We have only done our duty”
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@ -3123,7 +3123,7 @@ LUK 18 13 mx5p figs-imperative ὁ Θεός, ἱλάσθητί μοι, τῷ ἁ
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LUK 18 14 m217 λέγω ὑμῖν 1 I say to you Jesus says this to emphasize what he is about to tell his disciples. Alternate translation: “I can assure you”
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LUK 18 14 s1yr figs-explicit κατέβη οὗτος δεδικαιωμένος εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ, παρ’ ἐκεῖνον 1 this one went down to his house justified rather than that one The implication is that the tax collector was right with God because God forgave his sin when he prayed humbly and repentantly. Alternate translation: “the tax collector was right with God when he went home, rather than the Pharisee, because God forgave his sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 18 14 m218 οὗτος…παρ’ ἐκεῖνον 1 this one … rather than that one Alternate translation: “the latter … rather than the former” or “the tax collector … rather than the Pharisee”
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LUK 18 14 m219 figs-activepassive δεδικαιωμένος 1 justified If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the meaning of the passive verbal form **justified** with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: "right with God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 18 14 m219 figs-activepassive δεδικαιωμένος 1 justified If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the meaning of the passive verbal form **justified** with an equivalent phrase. Alternate translation: “right with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 18 14 m220 figs-idiom κατέβη…εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ 1 went down to his house When Jesus says that this man **went down** to his house, he likely means that he returned home from Jerusalem, since the city was up on a mountain. Alternate translation: “returned to his home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 18 14 qrg3 figs-explicit παρ’ ἐκεῖνον 1 rather than that one The implication is that the Pharisee was not right with God. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “but the Pharisee was not right with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 18 14 n7xr figs-activepassive ταπεινωθήσεται 1 will be humbled If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who will do the action. Alternate translation: “God will humble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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@ -3379,10 +3379,10 @@ LUK 19 37 m324 φωνῇ μεγάλῃ 1 with a loud voice If you would like to
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LUK 19 37 m8hn figs-explicit ὧν εἶδον δυνάμεων 1 the mighty works that they had seen This means implicitly the mighty works that they had seen Jesus do. Alternate translation: “the miracles that they had seen Jesus do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 19 38 x7wk figs-explicit λέγοντες 1 saying The implication is that the crowd was saying this about Jesus. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could say that explicitly. Alternate translation: “saying about Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 19 38 nsg4 figs-metonymy ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου 1 in the name of the Lord The term **name** refers figuratively to a person’s power and authority. Alternate translation: “with the Lord’s authority” or “as God’s representative” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 19 38 d7b4 figs-abstractnouns ἐν οὐρανῷ εἰρήνη 1 Peace in heaven If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **peace** with an adjective such as "peaceful." Alternate translation: “May heaven be peaceful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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LUK 19 38 d7b4 figs-abstractnouns ἐν οὐρανῷ εἰρήνη 1 Peace in heaven If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **peace** with an adjective such as “peaceful.” Alternate translation: “May heaven be peaceful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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LUK 19 38 m325 figs-metonymy ἐν οὐρανῷ εἰρήνη 1 Peace in heaven The word **heaven** is a figurative way of referring to the inhabitants of **heaven**, and perhaps specifically to God. Alternate translation: “May everyone in heaven be peaceful towards this king” or “May God be peaceful towards this king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 19 38 vb29 figs-metaphor καὶ δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις 1 and glory in the highest The term **highest** is a spatial metaphor that figuratively describes heaven. Alternate translation: “and glory in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 19 38 m327 figs-abstractnouns καὶ δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις 1 and glory in the highest If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **glory** with an adjective such as "glorious." Alternate translation: “and may heaven be glorious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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LUK 19 38 m327 figs-abstractnouns καὶ δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις 1 and glory in the highest If it would be clearer in your language, you could express the idea behind the abstract noun **glory** with an adjective such as “glorious.” Alternate translation: “and may heaven be glorious” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
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LUK 19 38 m326 figs-explicit καὶ δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις 1 and glory in the highest The implication is that this **glory** is praise that would be given to God. Alternate translation: “and may God be praised in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 19 38 m328 figs-explicit καὶ δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις 1 and glory in the highest The implication is that God would be praised for sending this king. Alternate translation: “and may God be praised in heaven for sending this king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 19 39 m329 grammar-connect-logic-contrast καί 1 And Luke uses this word to introduce a contrast between what the crowd was saying and what the Pharisees thought was appropriate. Alternate translation: “But” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
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@ -3402,7 +3402,7 @@ LUK 19 42 m335 figs-idiom ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ 1 in this day Jes
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LUK 19 42 m336 figs-explicit τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην 1 the things towards peace The implication is that Jesus is speaking about people being at **peace** with God. Alternate translation: “the things that enable people to be at peace with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 19 42 tgs6 figs-metonymy ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ ὀφθαλμῶν σου 1 they have been hidden from your eyes The term **eyes** figuratively means the ability to see. Alternate translation: “you are not able to see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 19 42 m337 figs-activepassive ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ ὀφθαλμῶν σου 1 they have been hidden from your eyes If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form. Alternate translation: “you are not able to see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 19 43 y3g2 grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 For Jesus uses this word to introduce the reason why he wishes the people of Jerusalem had known "the things toward peace," as he said in the previous verse. Because they have not known them, their city will be surrounded by armies and destroyed. Alternate translation: “I wish you had known those things because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 19 43 y3g2 grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 For Jesus uses this word to introduce the reason why he wishes the people of Jerusalem had known “the things toward peace,” as he said in the previous verse. Because they have not known them, their city will be surrounded by armies and destroyed. Alternate translation: “I wish you had known those things because” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 19 43 tib4 figs-idiom ἥξουσιν ἡμέραι ἐπὶ σὲ 1 the days will come upon you This is an idiom that indicates that the people of Jerusalem will experience difficult times. If your language do not say that a particular time will **come**, you can use an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “you are going to experience difficult times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 19 43 m338 figs-idiom ἡμέραι 1 days Jesus is using the term **days** figuratively to refer to specific times. Alternate translation: “times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
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LUK 19 43 n88i figs-you σὲ…σου…σοι…σε…σε 1 you … your … you … you … you The words **you** and **your** are singular because Jesus is speaking to the city. But if you decided to say “you people” in [19:42](../19/42.md), you can use the plural forms of **you** and **your**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
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@ -3418,7 +3418,7 @@ LUK 19 45 xq47 grammar-connect-time-sequential καὶ 1 And Luke uses this word
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LUK 19 45 u91v figs-explicit εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν 1 entering into the temple You may need to say explicitly that Jesus first entered Jerusalem, where the temple was located. Alternate translation: “Jesus entered Jerusalem and went into the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 19 45 j6ce figs-synecdoche τὸ ἱερὸν 1 the temple Only priests were allowed to enter the **temple** building, so Luke means that Jesus went into the temple courtyard. Luke is using the word for the entire building to refer to one part of it. Alternate translation: “the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
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LUK 19 45 py1x ἐκβάλλειν 1 drive out Alternate translation: “throw out” or “force out”
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LUK 19 46 m343 figs-quotesinquotes γέγραπται, ὁ οἶκός μου οἶκος προσευχῆς; ὑμεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν ἐποιήσατε σπήλαιον λῃστῶν 1 It is written, ‘My house will be a house of prayer,’ but you have made it ‘a den of robbers’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “God says in the Scriptures that 'his temple will be a place of prayer,' but you have made it 'a den of robbers'” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 19 46 m343 figs-quotesinquotes γέγραπται, ὁ οἶκός μου οἶκος προσευχῆς; ὑμεῖς δὲ αὐτὸν ἐποιήσατε σπήλαιον λῃστῶν 1 It is written, ‘My house will be a house of prayer,’ but you have made it ‘a den of robbers’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation. Alternate translation: “God says in the Scriptures that ‘his temple will be a place of prayer,’ but you have made it ‘a den of robbers’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 19 46 v81e figs-activepassive γέγραπται 1 It is written If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this with an active form, and you could say who has done the action. Alternate translation: “God has said in the Scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 19 46 uvf7 figs-metaphor ὁ οἶκός μου 1 My house God, speaking through the prophet Isaiah, refers figuratively to his temple as his **house**, because his presence is there. Alternate translation: “My temple will be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 19 46 wac1 figs-metaphor οἶκος προσευχῆς 1 a house of prayer God, speaking through the prophet Isaiah, refers figuratively to a place where people would pray as a **house**. Alternate translation: “a place where people pray to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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@ -3521,7 +3521,7 @@ LUK 20 24 j21y translate-bmoney δηνάριον 1 a denarius See how you transl
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LUK 20 24 cvs9 figs-rquestion τίνος ἔχει εἰκόνα καὶ ἐπιγραφήν? 1 Whose image and inscription does it have? This is not a rhetorical question, since Jesus does want the spies to answer, even though he already knows the answer to the question himself and he is using it as a teaching tool. So it would not be appropriate to translate this as if it were a statement or an exclamation, for example, “Surely you can see whose picture and name are on this coin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
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LUK 20 24 wt51 figs-metonymy ἐπιγραφήν 1 inscription Jesus is referring figuratively to the name on the coin by association with the fact that it is an **inscription**, that is, something written on the coin. Alternate translation: “name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 20 25 rey9 figs-metonymy ἀπόδοτε τὰ Καίσαρος Καίσαρι, καὶ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ 1 give back the things of Caesar to Caesar, and the things of God to God Jesus is referring figuratively to the Roman government by the name of **Caesar**, its ruler. Alternate translation: “pay the Roman government what it deserves, and pay God what he deserves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 20 25 gj71 figs-ellipsis καὶ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ 1 and the things of God to God Jesus is speaking compactly and he does not repeat the verb **give back**, but it may be supplied from the previous phrase. AT: "and pay God what he deserves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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LUK 20 25 gj71 figs-ellipsis καὶ τὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ τῷ Θεῷ 1 and the things of God to God Jesus is speaking compactly and he does not repeat the verb **give back**, but it may be supplied from the previous phrase. AT: “and pay God what he deserves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
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LUK 20 26 wa3s figs-metaphor οὐκ ἴσχυσαν ἐπιλαβέσθαι τοῦ ῥήματος 1 they were not able to take hold of his word Luke says figuratively that the spies had wanted to **take hold** of something Jesus said, as if they could physically grasp his words. Alternate translation: “the spies were not able to use what he said against him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 20 26 m379 figs-metaphor ἐναντίον τοῦ λαοῦ 1 in front of the people Luke speaks of this spatially to refer figuratively to the people’s attention. Alternate translation: “while the people were watching” or “while the people were listening” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 20 27 m380 writing-participants προσελθόντες δέ τινες τῶν Σαδδουκαίων 1 Then some of the Sadducces came Luke uses this statement to introduce these new characters into the story. It may be helpful to introduce them more fully in your translation. Alternate translation: “Some members of the group of Jews called the Sadducees then came to Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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@ -3640,7 +3640,7 @@ LUK 21 6 jfl1 figs-activepassive οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται λίθος ἐπ
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LUK 21 6 ajx2 οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται λίθος ἐπὶ λίθῳ 1 stone upon stone will not be left If it would be clearer in your language, you could make this statement in positive form. Alternate translation: “your enemies will topple every stone off the stone it is resting on”
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LUK 21 6 dps1 figs-hyperbole οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται λίθος ἐπὶ λίθῳ 1 stone upon stone will not be left See how you translated the similar expression “they will not leave stone upon stone” in [19:44](../19/44.md). Here as well this is a figurative overstatement to emphasize how completely the enemies of the Jews will destroy the temple. Alternate translation: “your enemies will completely destroy this building of stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
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LUK 21 6 m431 ὃς οὐ καταλυθήσεται 1 which will not be torn down If it would be clearer in your language, you could make this statement in positive form and make it a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “Every stone will be torn down”
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LUK 21 6 m432 figs-activepassive ὃς οὐ καταλυθήσεται 1 which will not be torn down If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this as a separate sentence with an active form, and you can say who will do the action. (In the alternate translation that is suggested here, "they" would mean “your enemies,” and "it" would mean “this building of stone,” as in the alternate translation in the last note to the previous phrase in this verse.) Alternate translation: “They will tear it all down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 21 6 m432 figs-activepassive ὃς οὐ καταλυθήσεται 1 which will not be torn down If it would be clearer in your language, you could say this as a separate sentence with an active form, and you can say who will do the action. (In the alternate translation that is suggested here, “they” would mean “your enemies,” and “it” would mean “this building of stone,” as in the alternate translation in the last note to the previous phrase in this verse.) Alternate translation: “They will tear it all down” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
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LUK 21 7 rix4 writing-pronouns ἐπηρώτησαν…αὐτὸν 1 they asked him The pronoun **they** refers to Jesus’ disciples, and the word **him** refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “the disciples asked Jesus” or “Jesus’ disciples asked him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
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LUK 21 7 m433 Διδάσκαλε 1 Teacher **Teacher** is a respectful title. You could translate it with an equivalent term that your language and culture would use.
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LUK 21 7 a11j figs-explicit πότε οὖν ταῦτα ἔσται, καὶ τί τὸ σημεῖον ὅταν μέλλῃ ταῦτα γίνεσθαι 1 when therefore will these things be, and what will be the sign when these things are about to happen The phrase **these things** refers implicitly to what Jesus has just said about enemies destroying the temple. Alternate translation: “then when will the temple be destroyed, and how will we know that our enemies are about to destroy it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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@ -3823,7 +3823,7 @@ LUK 22 10 um6z figs-youdual αὐτοῖς…ὑμῶν…ὑμῖν…ἀκολ
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LUK 22 10 c13w figs-metaphor ἰδοὺ 1 Behold Jesus uses this word to tell Peter and John to pay close attention to what he is saying and to do exactly what he tells them. It may be helpful to explain the meaning of the word more fully and to do so as a separate sentence. Alternate translation: “Now pay close attention to these instructions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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LUK 22 10 i45e συναντήσει ὑμῖν ἄνθρωπος, κεράμιον ὕδατος βαστάζων 1 a man carrying a pitcher of water will meet you. Alternate translation: “you will see a man carrying a pitcher of water”
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LUK 22 10 a677 translate-unknown κεράμιον ὕδατος 1 a pitcher of water This means not a small serving **pitcher**, but a large earthen jug, which the man would likely be carrying on his shoulder. If your language has its own term for a large container that people use to transport water, you can use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
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LUK 22 11 khy9 figs-quotesinquotes ἐρεῖτε τῷ οἰκοδεσπότῃ τῆς οἰκίας, λέγει σοι ὁ διδάσκαλος, ποῦ ἐστιν τὸ κατάλυμα, ὅπου τὸ Πάσχα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν μου φάγω? 1 say to the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you, “Where is the guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?” If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation and then another quotation within that one. Alternate translation: “tell the owner of the house that the Teacher wants to know where the guest room is where he can eat the Passover meal with his disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 22 11 khy9 figs-quotesinquotes ἐρεῖτε τῷ οἰκοδεσπότῃ τῆς οἰκίας, λέγει σοι ὁ διδάσκαλος, ποῦ ἐστιν τὸ κατάλυμα, ὅπου τὸ Πάσχα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν μου φάγω? 1 say to the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says to you, “Where is the guest room where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?”’ If it would be clearer in your language, you could translate this so that there is not a quotation within a quotation and then another quotation within that one. Alternate translation: “tell the owner of the house that the Teacher wants to know where the guest room is where he can eat the Passover meal with his disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]])
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LUK 22 11 iv6f ὁ διδάσκαλος 1 the Teacher **Teacher** is a respectful title for Jesus. You could translate it with an equivalent term that your language and culture would use.
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LUK 22 11 pq8q figs-metonymy τὸ Πάσχα 1 the Passover Jesus is telling Peter and John to use the name of this part of the festival, **Passover**, to refer figuratively to the meal that people shared on that occasion. Alternate translation: “the Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
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LUK 22 12 lpw6 κἀκεῖνος 1 and that one Alternate translation: “And the owner of the house”
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@ -4090,7 +4090,7 @@ LUK 23 10 hn8g εὐτόνως κατηγοροῦντες αὐτοῦ 1 vehem
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LUK 23 11 m602 ἐξουθενήσας…αὐτὸν 1 despised him This does not mean that Herod hated Jesus, but that he treated him as if he were worthless. Alternate translation: “humiliated him”
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LUK 23 11 qt1c figs-explicit περιβαλὼν ἐσθῆτα λαμπρὰν 1 Putting elegant clothing around him Herod and his soldiers did this to mock Jesus and to make fun of him, so be sure that your readers do not get the impression that they did this to honor or care for Jesus. Alternate translation: “Dressing him mockingly in beautiful clothes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 23 12 b6f1 figs-explicit ἐγένοντο…φίλοι ὅ τε Ἡρῴδης καὶ ὁ Πειλᾶτος ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ μετ’ ἀλλήλων 1 both Herod and Pilate became friends with each other on that day Luke does not say specifically why these two men **became friends**. There seem to be two possibilities. (1) It could have been because Pilate had shown Herod courtesy by respecting his jurisdiction over Jesus. Alternate translation: “Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day because Pilate had respectfully sent Jesus to Herod to judge him” (2) It could have been because they realized that they agreed in their opinion about Jesus. They both felt that he was not guilty of doing wrong, but they also felt they could mistreat him as a way of asserting their power and authority over someone the people considered a leader. Alternate translation: “Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day because they had both responded to Jesus in the same way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 23 12 x7r8 grammar-connect-logic-result προϋπῆρχον γὰρ ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρὸς αὑτούς 1 for they were previously being in hostility between themselves If it would be clearer in your language, you could put this clause first in the verse, as UST does, since it gives the reason for the results that the rest of the verse describes. These two men had to become **friends** because they had not been **friends** previously. Alternate translation, as the beginning of the verse, replacing "Then": “Before this Herod and Pilate had been enemies, but now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 23 12 x7r8 grammar-connect-logic-result προϋπῆρχον γὰρ ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρὸς αὑτούς 1 for they were previously being in hostility between themselves If it would be clearer in your language, you could put this clause first in the verse, as UST does, since it gives the reason for the results that the rest of the verse describes. These two men had to become **friends** because they had not been **friends** previously. Alternate translation, as the beginning of the verse, replacing “Then”: “Before this Herod and Pilate had been enemies, but now” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
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LUK 23 13 d7gn writing-participants τὸν λαὸν 1 the people This is a further reference reintroducing these participants, whom Luke first introduced subtly in 23:4. It is not likely that Pilate asked a crowd to gather. Instead, the crowd was probably still there waiting to see what would happen to Jesus. Alternate translation: “the crowd of people that was still there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
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LUK 23 14 dh77 figs-explicit εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς, προσηνέγκατέ μοι τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον 1 said to them, “You brought this man to me” By **this man**, Pilate means Jesus. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could indicate that explicitly. Alternate translation: “said to them about Jesus, ‘You brought this man to me’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
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LUK 23 14 wsw6 figs-metaphor ὡς ἀποστρέφοντα τὸν λαόν 1 as turning the people away Here Pilate uses a figurative term that is similar to the one that the council members use in [23:2](../23/02.md) when they accuse Jesus of “misleading” the Jewish nation, meaning that he was encouraging them to do wrong things. The slightly different term that Pilate uses to summarize their charges means that they accused Jesus of **turning the people away** from their duties to the Roman Empire. It does not mean that Jesus refused to welcome people who came to him for help. Alternate translation: “saying that he encourages the people to be disloyal to the Roman Empire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
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Reference in New Issue