JOS 2 9 u74z figs-metaphor נָמֹ֛גוּ…מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם 1 will melt away before you This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. Possible meanings are 1) they will be weak in the Israelites’ presence or 2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: “will be so afraid that they will not resist you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JOS 2 10 m3e1 0 General Information: Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
JOS 2 10 bcm2 יַם־סוּף֙ 1 the Sea of Reeds This is another name for the Red Sea.
JOS 2 10 c6i6 translate-names לְסִיחֹ֣ן וּלְע֔וֹג\ 1 Sihon…Og These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 2 10 c6i6 translate-names לְסִיחֹ֣ן וּלְע֔וֹג 1 Sihon…Og These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 2 11 qx6v figs-doublet וַיִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבֵ֔נוּ וְלֹא־קָ֨מָה ע֥וֹד ר֛וּחַ בְּאִ֖ישׁ 1 our hearts melted and there was no courage left in anyone These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase “our hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
JOS 2 12 j6sz 0 General Information: Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
JOS 2 12 nmi4 figs-parallelism הִשָּֽׁבְעוּ־נָ֥א לִי֙…וּנְתַתֶּ֥ם לִ֖י א֥וֹת אֱמֶֽת 1 please swear to me…Give me a sure sign These are similar statements of Rahab seeking assurance from the spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ JOS 5 14 ds5l לֹ֗א 1 Neither This is the beginning of the man’s answer to
JOS 5 14 r42a translate-symaction וַיִּפֹּל֩ יְהוֹשֻׁ֨עַ אֶל־פָּנָ֥יו אַ֨רְצָה֙ וַיִּשְׁתָּ֔חוּ 1 Joshua lay facedown on the ground to worship This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
JOS 5 15 ge5y translate-symaction שַׁל־נַֽעַלְךָ֙ מֵעַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔ךָ 1 Take off your sandals from your feet This was an act of reverence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
JOS 6 intro uie9 0 # Joshua 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh conquers<br><br>It was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
JOS 6 1 gbz8 וַיְהִ֣י 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells us why the gates of Jericho are closed and locked up.
JOS 6 1 gbz8 וִֽירִיחוֹ֙ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells us why the gates of Jericho are closed and locked up.
JOS 6 2 j65i figs-pastforfuture נָתַ֣תִּי בְיָֽדְךָ֔ אֶת־יְרִיח֖וֹ וְאֶת־מַלְכָּ֑הּ גִּבּוֹרֵ֖י הֶחָֽיִל 1 I have delivered Jericho into your hand, its king, and its trained soldiers Yahweh is telling Joshua that he will certainly do this by saying that he has already done it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
JOS 6 2 v4hu figs-metonymy בְיָֽדְךָ֔ 1 into your hand The word “hand” is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: “so that you can control it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
JOS 6 3 fu9e 0 Connecting Statement: God continues telling Joshua what the people must do.
@ -320,10 +320,10 @@ JOS 10 intro uy1f 0 # Joshua 10 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<
JOS 10 1 au8p וַיְהִי֩ 1 Now This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story, Adoni-Zedek.
JOS 10 1 y65k translate-names אֲדֹֽנִי־צֶ֜דֶק 1 Adoni-Zedek This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 3 y6ss translate-names יַרְמ֜וּת…לָכִ֛ישׁ…עֶגְל֖וֹן 1 Jarmuth…Lachish…Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 3 k9rg translate-names הוֹהָ֣ם…פִּרְאָ֨ם…יָפִ֧יעַ…דְּבִ֥ירן 1 Hoham…Piram…Japhia…Debir These are the names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 3 k9rg translate-names הוֹהָ֣ם…פִּרְאָ֨ם…יָפִ֧יעַ…דְּבִ֥יר 1 Hoham…Piram…Japhia…Debir These are the names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 4 ct5k עֲלֽוּ־אֵלַ֣י 1 Come up to me “Travel to where I am.” Jerusalem was higher in elevation than other cities in Canaan.
JOS 10 5 d9vy translate-numbers חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת׀ מַלְכֵ֣י 1 five kings “5 kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
JOS 10 5 m422 translate-names יַרְמ֜וּת…לָכִ֛ישׁ…עֶגְל֖וֹן 1 Jarmuth…Lachish…Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 5 m422 translate-names יַרְמוּת֙…לָכִ֣ישׁ…עֶגְל֔וֹן 1 Jarmuth…Lachish…Eglon These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 5 vs78 וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ עַל 1 They set up their positions against Gibeon This means they set up their camp around their city. This was a way of weakening those in the city. It prevented people from escaping the city, and it prevented others from bringing food and water to them in the city.
JOS 10 6 wk68 לֵאמֹ֔ר 1 They said The word “They” here refers to Gibeonites.
JOS 10 6 zhx9 figs-litotes אַל־תֶּ֥רֶף יָדֶ֖יךָ מֵֽעֲבָדֶ֑יךָ 1 Do not withdraw your hands from your servants This humble request is stated with two negatives to emphasize the need for a positive action. Alternate translation: “Please come and use your strength to protect us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ JOS 10 8 du96 נְתַתִּ֑ים 1 I have given them Here the word “them
JOS 10 9 ecq8 figs-synecdoche וַיָּבֹ֧א אֲלֵיהֶ֛ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ 1 Joshua came The entire army of Israel is referred to here by the name of their commander, Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
JOS 10 10 sq89 וַיְהֻמֵּ֤ם יְהוָה֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל 1 Yahweh confused the enemy before Israel Here “Israel” refers to the entire army of Israel.
JOS 10 10 yr7y translate-names בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן…עֲזֵקָ֖ה…מַקֵּדָֽה 1 Beth Horon…Azekah…Makkedah These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 11 fbf9 translate-names בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן…עֲזֵקָ֖ה 1 Beth Horon…Azekah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 11 fbf9 translate-names בֵּית־חוֹרֹן֙…עֲזֵקָ֖ה 1 Beth Horon…Azekah These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 10 11 tuc9 הִשְׁלִ֣יךְ עֲלֵיהֶם֩ אֲבָנִ֨ים גְּדֹל֧וֹת מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם 1 threw large stones down from heaven “threw large hailstones from the sky”
JOS 10 12 si1e figs-parallelism שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ בְּגִבְע֣וֹן דּ֔וֹם וְיָרֵ֖חַ בְּעֵ֥מֶק אַיָּלֽוֹן 1 Sun, be still at Gibeon, and moon, in the Valley of Aijalon Joshua is praying that Yahweh would make the progression of time stop on this day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
JOS 10 12 j9zt figs-personification שֶׁ֚מֶשׁ…וְיָרֵ֖חַ 1 Sun…moon Joshua commands the sun and moon as if these were people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
JOS 20 6 c6fe עָמְד֞וֹ לִפְנֵ֤י הָֽעֵדָה֙ 1 stood before the assembly This is a phrase that describes standing to seek justice from a court of the assembly of his fellow citizens.
JOS 20 7 lyr5 translate-names 0 General Information: There are a lot of names in this section. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOS 20 8 cy8e לְיַרְדֵּ֤ן 1 the Jordan This is a short name for the Jordan River.
JOS 20 9 b89x figs-idiom לֹ֣א יָמ֗וּת בְּיַד֙ 1 would not die by the hand of the one Here “by the hand” is an idiom that means to be the specific cause of something. Alternate translation: “would not be killed by the one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JOS 20 9 b89x figs-idiom וְלֹ֣א יָמ֗וּת בְּיַד֙ גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם 1 would not die by the hand of the one Here “by the hand” is an idiom that means to be the specific cause of something. Alternate translation: “would not be killed by the one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
JOS 20 9 j61z figs-metonymy גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם 1 avenge the blood that was shed This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Joshua 20:3](../20/03.md). Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
JOS 21 intro pp5c 0 # Joshua 21 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Levi. Even though they did not receive a large piece of land like the other tribes, they did receive small pieces of land to live on and for their animals. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
JOS 21 1 js4y translate-names אֶלְעָזָר֙…נ֑וּן 1 Eleazar…Nun These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
1
Book
Chapter
Verse
ID
SupportReference
OrigQuote
Occurrence
GLQuote
OccurrenceNote
56
JOS
2
9
u74z
figs-metaphor
נָמֹ֛גוּ…מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם
1
will melt away before you
This compares the fearful people to ice melting and flowing away. Possible meanings are 1) they will be weak in the Israelites’ presence or 2) they will be scattered. Alternate translation: “will be so afraid that they will not resist you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
57
JOS
2
10
m3e1
0
General Information:
Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies.
58
JOS
2
10
bcm2
יַם־סוּף֙
1
the Sea of Reeds
This is another name for the Red Sea.
59
JOS
2
10
c6i6
translate-names
לְסִיחֹ֣ן וּלְע֔וֹג\לְסִיחֹ֣ן וּלְע֔וֹג
1
Sihon…Og
These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
our hearts melted and there was no courage left in anyone
These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. The phrase “our hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
This was an act of worship. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
162
JOS
5
15
ge5y
translate-symaction
שַׁל־נַֽעַלְךָ֙ מֵעַ֣ל רַגְלֶ֔ךָ
1
Take off your sandals from your feet
This was an act of reverence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
163
JOS
6
intro
uie9
0
# Joshua 06 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Yahweh conquers<br><br>It was God, not the army, who gave them victory. It is said, “Shout! For Yahweh has given you the city.” The circumstances of Israel’s victory in the battle for Jericho were very unusual. It was never common to march around a city or to shout in order to win a military battle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
164
JOS
6
1
gbz8
וַיְהִ֣יוִֽירִיחוֹ֙
1
Now
This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells us why the gates of Jericho are closed and locked up.
I have delivered Jericho into your hand, its king, and its trained soldiers
Yahweh is telling Joshua that he will certainly do this by saying that he has already done it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
166
JOS
6
2
v4hu
figs-metonymy
בְיָֽדְךָ֔
1
into your hand
The word “hand” is a metonym for the control that the hand exercises. Alternate translation: “so that you can control it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
167
JOS
6
3
fu9e
0
Connecting Statement:
God continues telling Joshua what the people must do.
320
JOS
10
1
au8p
וַיְהִי֩
1
Now
This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here the writer tells about a new person in the story, Adoni-Zedek.
321
JOS
10
1
y65k
translate-names
אֲדֹֽנִי־צֶ֜דֶק
1
Adoni-Zedek
This is the name of a man who is an important king. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
322
JOS
10
3
y6ss
translate-names
יַרְמ֜וּת…לָכִ֛ישׁ…עֶגְל֖וֹן
1
Jarmuth…Lachish…Eglon
These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
327
JOS
10
5
vs78
וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ עַל
1
They set up their positions against Gibeon
This means they set up their camp around their city. This was a way of weakening those in the city. It prevented people from escaping the city, and it prevented others from bringing food and water to them in the city.
328
JOS
10
6
wk68
לֵאמֹ֔ר
1
They said
The word “They” here refers to Gibeonites.
329
JOS
10
6
zhx9
figs-litotes
אַל־תֶּ֥רֶף יָדֶ֖יךָ מֵֽעֲבָדֶ֑יךָ
1
Do not withdraw your hands from your servants
This humble request is stated with two negatives to emphasize the need for a positive action. Alternate translation: “Please come and use your strength to protect us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
333
JOS
10
9
ecq8
figs-synecdoche
וַיָּבֹ֧א אֲלֵיהֶ֛ם יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ
1
Joshua came
The entire army of Israel is referred to here by the name of their commander, Joshua. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
334
JOS
10
10
sq89
וַיְהֻמֵּ֤ם יְהוָה֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
1
Yahweh confused the enemy before Israel
Here “Israel” refers to the entire army of Israel.
335
JOS
10
10
yr7y
translate-names
בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן…עֲזֵקָ֖ה…מַקֵּדָֽה
1
Beth Horon…Azekah…Makkedah
These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
336
JOS
10
11
fbf9
translate-names
בֵית־חוֹרֹ֔ן…עֲזֵקָ֖הבֵּית־חוֹרֹן֙…עֲזֵקָ֖ה
1
Beth Horon…Azekah
These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
Here “by the hand” is an idiom that means to be the specific cause of something. Alternate translation: “would not be killed by the one” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
722
JOS
20
9
j61z
figs-metonymy
גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם
1
avenge the blood that was shed
This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Joshua 20:3](../20/03.md). Alternate translation: “avenge a person’s death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
723
JOS
21
intro
pp5c
0
# Joshua 21 General Notes<br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>This chapter is about the land given to the tribe of Levi. Even though they did not receive a large piece of land like the other tribes, they did receive small pieces of land to live on and for their animals. It will be difficult to fully understand their locations without a map. Further research may be needed to understand the locations of their land. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
724
JOS
21
1
js4y
translate-names
אֶלְעָזָר֙…נ֑וּן
1
Eleazar…Nun
These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
JOL 1 2 t74n figs-rquestion הֶהָ֤יְתָה זֹּאת֙ בִּֽימֵיכֶ֔ם וְאִ֖ם בִּימֵ֥י אֲבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם 1 Has anything like this happened in your days or in the days of your ancestors? Joel is preparing the elders to listen to what he has to say. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Nothing like this has ever happened before either to you or to your ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
JOL 1 3 vge5 figs-ellipsis וּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם לְד֥וֹר אַחֵֽר 1 their children the next generation You may need to fill in the words that have been left out. Alternate translation: “let their children tell the generation after them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
JOL 1 4 m68u translate-unknown עַל־אַרְצִ֔י 1 the swarming locust large groups of insects like grasshoppers that fly together and eat large areas of food crops (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
JOL 1 4 m68u translate-unknown הָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה 1 the swarming locust large groups of insects like grasshoppers that fly together and eat large areas of food crops (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
JOL 1 4 ny2z הַגָּזָם֙…הָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה…הַיָּ֑לֶק…הֶחָסִֽיל 1 swarming locust…great locust…grasshopper…caterpillar These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language.
JOL 1 5 zk2a 0 General Information: God warns the people of Israel about the coming locust army.
JOL 1 5 l1nq figs-parallelism שִׁכּוֹרִים֙ וּבְכ֔וּ וְהֵילִ֖לוּ כָּל־שֹׁ֣תֵי יָ֑יִן 1 you drunkards, and weep! Wail, all you drinkers of wine If your language has only one word for “weep” and “wail,” you can combine the lines: “you people who love wine should cry out in sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
1
Book
Chapter
Verse
ID
SupportReference
OrigQuote
Occurrence
GLQuote
OccurrenceNote
7
JOL
1
1
m5wr
translate-names
פְּתוּאֵֽל
1
Pethuel
Joel’s father (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
Has anything like this happened in your days or in the days of your ancestors?
Joel is preparing the elders to listen to what he has to say. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Nothing like this has ever happened before either to you or to your ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
9
JOL
1
3
vge5
figs-ellipsis
וּבְנֵיהֶ֖ם לְד֥וֹר אַחֵֽר
1
their children the next generation
You may need to fill in the words that have been left out. Alternate translation: “let their children tell the generation after them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
10
JOL
1
4
m68u
translate-unknown
עַל־אַרְצִ֔יהָֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה
1
the swarming locust
large groups of insects like grasshoppers that fly together and eat large areas of food crops (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
These are, respectively, an adult locust that can fly, a locust too large to fly easily, a locust with wings too young to fly, and a newborn locust that has not yet developed wings. Use names that would be understood in your language.
12
JOL
1
5
zk2a
0
General Information:
God warns the people of Israel about the coming locust army.
you drunkards, and weep! Wail, all you drinkers of wine
If your language has only one word for “weep” and “wail,” you can combine the lines: “you people who love wine should cry out in sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
See in Reader
Larry Sallee
Gogs