Format fixes for NT BP's (#1602)

Format fixes for NT BP's

Co-authored-by: Larry Sallee <larry.sallee@unfoldingword.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1602

en_tn_50-EPH.tsv

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ EPH	1	4	ab01	figs-doublenegatives	ἀμώμους	1	blameless	The word **blamele
 EPH	1	5	fp7l			0	General Information:	The words “his,” “He,” and “he” refer to God.
 EPH	1	5	h7pn	figs-inclusive	προορίσας ἡμᾶς εἰς υἱοθεσίαν	1	he predestined us for adoption	The word **us** refers to Paul, the Ephesian church, and all believers in Christ. Alternate translation: “God planned long ago to adopt us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
 EPH	1	5	pq1x		προορίσας ἡμᾶς	1	he predestined us	“God chose us ahead of time” or “God chose us long ago”
-EPH	1	5	e6f6	figs-metaphor	εἰς υἱοθεσίαν	1	for adoption	Here, **adoption** is a metaphor that refers to becoming part of God’s family. Alternate translation: “to become his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EPH	1	5	e6f6	figs-metaphor	εἰς υἱοθεσίαν	1	for adoption	Here, **adoption** is a metaphor that refers to becoming part of God’s family. Alternate translation: “to become his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	1	5	ciu3		διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	through Jesus Christ	God brought believers into his family by the work of Jesus Christ.
 EPH	1	6	s9qk		ἐχαρίτωσεν ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ	1	he has freely given us in the Beloved One	“he has kindly given to us by means of the One whom he loves”
 EPH	1	6	x7jp		τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ	1	the Beloved One	“the One he loves, Jesus Christ” or “his Son, whom he loves”
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ EPH	1	16	scy9	figs-litotes	οὐ παύομαι εὐχαριστῶν	1	I have
 EPH	1	16	aby9	figs-hyperbole	οὐ παύομαι εὐχαριστῶν	1	I have not stopped giving thanks	Paul uses this exaggeration to emphasize that he thanks God very often. Alternate translation: “I continue to thank God” or “I often thank God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
 EPH	1	17	abcd	grammar-connect-logic-result	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that Paul prays for the Ephesians. The result is that God would enlighten the Ephesians about all that he has done for them through Christ. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	1	17	b7l1		πνεῦμα σοφίας καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως, ἐν ἐπιγνώσει αὐτοῦ	1	a spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him	“spiritual wisdom to understand his revelation”
-EPH	1	18	gbl7	figs-metonymy	πεφωτισμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας	1	that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened	Here, **heart** refers to a person’s mind or thinking. Alternate Translation: “that you may gain understanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EPH	1	18	gbl7	figs-metonymy	πεφωτισμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας	1	that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened	Here, **heart** refers to a person’s mind or thinking. Alternate Translation: “that you may gain understanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EPH	1	18	iv1h	figs-activepassive	πεφωτισμένους τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας	1	that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened	This may be stated in the active tense. Alternate translation: “that God may give you understanding” or “that God may enlighten your mind” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EPH	1	18	abcg	figs-metaphor	τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς τῆς καρδίας	1	that the eyes of your heart	The phrase **eyes of your heart** is a metaphor for one’s ability to gain understanding. Alternate translation: “that you may gain understanding and be enlightened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	1	18	m5j5		πεφωτισμένους	1	enlightened	“made to see”
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ EPH	1	21	ra11	figs-activepassive	παντὸς ὀνόματος ὀνομαζο
 EPH	1	21	x6qc	bita-hq	ὀνόματος	1	name	Possible meanings are: (1) title or (2) position of authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	1	21	pym8		ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ	1	in this age	“at this time”
 EPH	1	21	qw2x		ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι	1	in the age to come	“in the future”
-EPH	1	22	jm9i	figs-metonymy	πάντα ὑπέταξεν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	1	all things under Christ’s feet	Here, **feet** represents Christ’s lordship, authority, and power. Alternate translation: “all things under Christ’s power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-EPH	1	22	pm4t	bita-hq	κεφαλὴν ὑπὲρ πάντα	1	head over all things	Here, **head** is a metaphor that refers to the leader or the one who is in charge. Alternate translation: “ruler over all things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
+EPH	1	22	jm9i	figs-metonymy	πάντα ὑπέταξεν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	1	all things under Christ’s feet	Here, **feet** represents Christ’s lordship, authority, and power. Alternate translation: “all things under Christ’s power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EPH	1	22	pm4t	bita-hq	κεφαλὴν ὑπὲρ πάντα	1	head over all things	Here, **head** is a metaphor that refers to the leader or the one who is in charge. Alternate translation: “ruler over all things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	1	23	ge2c	bita-hq	τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ	1	his body	Just as the head (verse 22) rules all things pertaining to a human body, so Christ is the head of the church body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	1	23	w2kh		τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν πληρουμένου	1	the fullness of the one who fills all in all	“Christ fills the church with his life and power just as he gives life to all things”
 EPH	1	23	x2kh		τὸ πλήρωμα	1	the fullness	This could have either (1) a passive sense, which would mean that Christ fills or completes the church, or (2) an active sense, which would mean that the church completes Christ (as a body completes a head).
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ EPH	2	4	chm6	figs-abstractnouns	Θεὸς πλούσιος ὢν ἐν ἐλέε
 EPH	2	4	hrx9	figs-abstractnouns	διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην αὐτοῦ, ἣν ἠγάπησεν ἡμᾶς	1	because of his great love with which he loved us	**Love** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “because he loved us so very much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EPH	2	5	h6km	figs-activepassive	χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι	1	by grace you have been saved	This can be stated in an active form. Alternate translation: “God saved you by being gracious to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EPH	2	5	abkm	figs-abstractnouns	χάριτί ἐστε σεσῳσμένοι	1	by grace you have been saved	**Grace** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “God saved you by being extremely kind to you” or “God saved you as a free gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-EPH	2	6	na2n	figs-idiom	συνήγειρεν	1	raised us up with him	Here, **raise up** is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
+EPH	2	6	na2n	figs-idiom	συνήγειρεν	1	raised us up with him	Here, **raise up** is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
 EPH	2	6	abch	figs-pastforfuture	συνήγειρεν	1	raised us up with him	Possible meanings are (1) because God has caused Christ to come alive again, God has already given Paul and the believers in Ephesus new spiritual life. Alternate translation: “God has given us new life because we belong to Christ” or (2) because God has caused Christ to come alive again, the believers in Ephesus can know that after they die they will live with Christ, and Paul can speak of the believers living again as if it has already happened. Alternate translation: “we can be sure that God will give us life just as he has caused Christ to come alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
 EPH	2	6	ab11	figs-pastforfuture	συνεκάθισεν	1	seated us with him	Paul talks about the believers as already seated in heaven with Christ because, although it is something that will happen in the future, it was guaranteed by what Christ did in the past. Alternate translation: “it is as though God has already seated us next to Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
 EPH	2	6	b499		ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις	1	in the heavenly places	The word **heavenly** refers to the place where God is. See how this is translated in [Ephesians 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “in the supernatural world”
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ EPH	2	9	abcr	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase
 EPH	2	10	abcs	grammar-connect-logic-result	γάρ	1	For	The connecting word **For** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that God is the one who created us to do any good works that we do. The result is that people cannot boast. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	2	10	fa4l		ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	in Christ Jesus	**In Christ Jesus** and similar expressions are metaphors that frequently occur in the New Testament letters. They express the strongest kind of relationship possible between Christ and those who believe in him.
 EPH	2	10	abd0	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of God creating us as he did is that we would do the good works that he intended for us to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
-EPH	2	10	lws4	figs-metaphor	ἐν αὐτοῖς περιπατήσωμεν	1	we would walk in them	Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Here, **in them** refers to the **good works**. Alternate translation: “we would always and continually do those good deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EPH	2	10	lws4	figs-metaphor	ἐν αὐτοῖς περιπατήσωμεν	1	we would walk in them	Walking on a path is a metaphor for how a person lives his life. Here, **in them** refers to the **good works**. Alternate translation: “we would always and continually do those good deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	2	11	abct	grammar-connect-logic-result	διὸ	1	Therefore	The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that they were saved by God and not by anything they had done on their own. The result is that the Ephesians would remember that they were once separated from God. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	2	11	diq1			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul reminds these believers that God has now made Gentiles and Jews into one body through Christ and his cross.
 EPH	2	11	p7m2	figs-metaphor	τὰ ἔθνη ἐν σαρκί	1	Gentiles in the flesh	This refers to people who were not born Jewish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ EPH	2	17	vhi8			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul tells the Ephesians that Gentile be
 EPH	2	17	g1hz		εὐηγγελίσατο εἰρήνην	1	proclaimed peace	“announced the gospel of peace” or “declared the gospel of peace”
 EPH	2	17	wdu8	figs-metaphor	ὑμῖν τοῖς μακρὰν	1	you who were far away	Paul pictures the Gentiles (non-Jews), who were not part of God’s people, as though they were physically distant from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	2	17	a58n	figs-metaphor	τοῖς ἐγγύς	1	those who were near	Paul pictures the Jews, who were God’s people by birth, as though they were physically close to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EPH	2	18	qw56	figs-inclusive	ὅτι δι’ αὐτοῦ ἔχομεν τὴν προσαγωγὴν, οἱ ἀμφότεροι	1	for through him we both have access	Here, **we both** refers to Paul, the believing Jews, and the believing non-Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
+EPH	2	18	qw56	figs-inclusive	ὅτι δι’ αὐτοῦ ἔχομεν τὴν προσαγωγὴν, οἱ ἀμφότεροι	1	for through him we both have access	Here, **we both** refers to Paul, the believing Jews, and the believing non-Jews. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
 EPH	2	18	abcu	grammar-connect-logic-result	ὅτι	1	for	The connecting word **for** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that he himself is the one who enabled both Jew and Gentile to come to the Father. The result is that Christ proclaimed peace to both the Jews and the Gentiles. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	2	18	kt1m		ἐν ἑνὶ Πνεύματι	1	in one Spirit	All believers, both Jewish and Gentile, are enabled to enter into the presence of God the Father by the same Holy Spirit. Alternate translation: “by means of the same Spirit”
 EPH	2	19	abcy	grammar-connect-logic-result	ἄρα οὖν	1	So then	The connecting phrase **So then** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that Christ gave them access to God through the Spirit. The result is that the Ephesian believers are no longer separated from God. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ EPH	3	1	w896			0	Connecting Statement:	To make clear the hidden truth about the
 EPH	3	1	jb9u	grammar-connect-logic-result	τούτου χάριν	1	For this reason	The connecting phrase **For this reason** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is what Paul talked about in Chapter 2, that Christ showed his grace by removing the division between Jews and Gentiles and making them into one group. The result is that Paul prays for the Gentiles. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	3	1	abd6	figs-explicit	τούτου χάριν	1	For this reason	You may need to make explicit what the reason is. Alternate translation: “because of God’s grace to you” You may also need to make explicit here what the result is, as in the UST, because Paul does not state the result until 3:14, that he prays for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EPH	3	1	m9b6		ὁ δέσμιος τοῦ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	the prisoner of Christ Jesus	“the one who is in prison because I serve Christ Jesus”
-EPH	3	2	rx7t		τὴν οἰκονομίαν τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ, τῆς δοθείσης μοι εἰς ὑμᾶς	1	the stewardship of the grace of God that was given to me for you	Here**, grace** could refer to (1) the gift of the gospel that Paul is bringing to the Gentiles, and you could translate, “the responsibility that God gave me to bring his grace to you” or (2) the gift to Paul of being the steward of the gospel for the Gentiles, and you could translate that as “the responsibility that God graciously gave me for your benefit.”
+EPH	3	2	rx7t		τὴν οἰκονομίαν τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ, τῆς δοθείσης μοι εἰς ὑμᾶς	1	the stewardship of the grace of God that was given to me for you	Here**, grace** could refer to (1) the gift of the gospel that Paul is bringing to the Gentiles, and you could translate, “the responsibility that God gave me to bring his grace to you” or (2) the gift to Paul of being the steward of the gospel for the Gentiles, and you could translate that as “the responsibility that God graciously gave me for your benefit.”
 EPH	3	3	dc7x	figs-activepassive	κατὰ ἀποκάλυψιν ἐγνωρίσθη μοι	1	according to the revelation made known to me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “according to what God revealed to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 EPH	3	3	qm6m		καθὼς προέγραψα ἐν ὀλίγῳ	1	about which I already wrote in brief	Paul refers here to another letter that he had written to these people.
 EPH	3	5	srn9	figs-activepassive	ὃ ἑτέραις γενεαῖς οὐκ ἐγνωρίσθη τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων	1	which in other generations was not made known to the sons of men	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God did not make these things known to people in the past” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ EPH	3	12	ab6c	figs-hendiadys	τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ προσαγωγ
 EPH	3	12	zx5c	figs-explicit	προσαγωγὴν ἐν πεποιθήσει	1	access with confidence	It may be helpful to state explicitly that this access is into God’s presence. Alternate translation: “access into God’s presence with confidence” or “freedom to enter into God’s presence with confidence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EPH	3	12	kri2		πεποιθήσει	1	confidence	“certainty” or “assurance”
 EPH	3	13	abd4	grammar-connect-logic-result	διὸ	1	Therefore	The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that the believers have access to Christ with confidence. The result is that the believers will not be discouraged. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
-EPH	3	13	ciu6	figs-metonymy	ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἐστὶν δόξα ὑμῶν	1	for you, which is your glory	Here, **your glory** is a metonym for the salvation and eternal life that the Ephesians will have because of Paul’s work of telling them about Christ, which resulted in his suffering in prison. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “for you. They bring you a wonderful benefit” or “for you. They result in your salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EPH	3	13	ciu6	figs-metonymy	ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἐστὶν δόξα ὑμῶν	1	for you, which is your glory	Here, **your glory** is a metonym for the salvation and eternal life that the Ephesians will have because of Paul’s work of telling them about Christ, which resulted in his suffering in prison. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “for you. They bring you a wonderful benefit” or “for you. They result in your salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EPH	3	14	abd5	grammar-connect-logic-result	τούτου χάριν	1	For this reason	The connecting phrase **For this reason** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that Paul’s sufferings have caused glory for the believers. The result is that Paul prays to the Father. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	3	14	v3gd	figs-explicit	τούτου χάριν	1	For this reason	You may need to make explicit what the reason is. Alternate translation: “because God has done all this for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EPH	3	14	vju2	figs-synecdoche	κάμπτω τὰ γόνατά μου πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα	1	I bend my knees to the Father	Bent knees are a picture of the whole person in an attitude of prayer. Alternate translation: “I bow down in prayer to the Father” or “I humbly pray to the Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ EPH	3	16	z9q5		δῷ ὑμῖν κατὰ τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς δόξη
 EPH	3	16	rgf5		δῷ	1	would grant	“would give”
 EPH	3	17	n87p			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul continues the prayer he began in [Ephesians 3:14](../03/14.md).
 EPH	3	17	wg1v		κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι	1	that Christ may live in your hearts through faith, being rooted and grounded in love	This is the second item for which Paul prays that God will **grant** the Ephesians **according to the riches of his glory.** The first is that they would **be strengthened** ([Ephesians 3:16](../03/16.md)).
-EPH	3	17	q6yy	bita-hq	κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν	1	being rooted and grounded in love	Here, **heart** represents a person’s inner being, and **through** expresses the means by which Christ lives within the believer. Christ lives in the hearts of believers because God graciously allows them to have faith. Alternate translation: “that Christ may live within you because you trust in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
+EPH	3	17	q6yy	bita-hq	κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν	1	being rooted and grounded in love	Here, **heart** represents a person’s inner being, and **through** expresses the means by which Christ lives within the believer. Christ lives in the hearts of believers because God graciously allows them to have faith. Alternate translation: “that Christ may live within you because you trust in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	3	17	g4g1	figs-metaphor	ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι	1	being rooted and grounded in love	Paul speaks of their faith as if it were a tree that has deep roots or a house built on a solid foundation. Alternate translation: “you will be like a firmly rooted tree and a building built on stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	3	18	abd8	grammar-connect-logic-result	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that Christ would live in their hearts. The result is that the Ephesian believers would fully know the love of God and be filled with God’s fullness. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	3	18	bkk6		καταλαβέσθαι	1	so you can understand	This is the third item for which Paul bends his knees and prays; the first is that God will grant that they be strengthened ([Ephesians 3:16](../03/16.md)) and the second is that Christ may live in their hearts through faith ([Ephesians 3:17](../03/17.md)).
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ EPH	4	1	sb64			0	Connecting Statement:	Because of what Paul has been writing to
 EPH	4	1	abda	grammar-connect-logic-result	οὖν	1	Therefore	The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that God will be glorified in the church for all generations. The result is that believers should walk in a way that is worthy of the Lord. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	4	1	uss5		ὁ δέσμιος ἐν Κυρίῳ	1	the prisoner for the Lord	“someone who is in prison because he serves the Lord”
 EPH	4	1	zxr1	figs-metaphor	ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως	1	to walk worthily of the calling	**to walk** is a common way to express the idea of living one’s life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EPH	4	1	abc5		τῆς κλήσεως ἧς ἐκλήθητε	1	of the calling by which you were called	Here, **the calling** refers to the fact that God chose them to be his people. Alternate translation: “because God chose you to be his people”
+EPH	4	1	abc5		τῆς κλήσεως ἧς ἐκλήθητε	1	of the calling by which you were called	Here, **the calling** refers to the fact that God chose them to be his people. Alternate translation: “because God chose you to be his people”
 EPH	4	2	zs6s	figs-abstractnouns	μετὰ πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης καὶ πραΰτητος	1	with all humility and gentleness, with patience	**Humility**, **gentleness**, and **patience** are abstract nouns. Alternate Translation: “to learn to be humble, gentle, and patient” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EPH	4	3	pi5c	figs-metaphor	τηρεῖν τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν τῷ συνδέσμῳ τῆς εἰρήνης	1	to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace	Here Paul speaks of **peace** as if it were a bond that ties people together. This is a metaphor for being united with other people by living peacefully with them. Alternate translation: “to live peacefully with one another and remain united as the Spirit made possible” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	4	3	ab5c	figs-abstractnouns	τηρεῖν τὴν ἑνότητα τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐν τῷ συνδέσμῳ τῆς εἰρήνης	1	to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace	**Unity** and **peace** are abstract nouns. Alternate translation: “to live peacefully with one another and remain united as the Spirit made possible” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ EPH	5	14	abdz	grammar-connect-logic-result	διὸ	1	Therefore	The connecting wo
 EPH	5	14	z4ar	figs-apostrophe	ἔγειρε, ὁ καθεύδων, καὶ ἀνάστα ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν	1	Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead	Possible meanings are: (1) Paul is addressing the believers and using death as a metaphor for their areas of spiritual weakness that they need to become aware of and reject, or (2) Paul is addressing unbelievers who need to wake up from being dead spiritually just as a person who has died must come alive again in order to respond. See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
 EPH	5	14	abcl	figs-apostrophe	ὁ καθεύδων	1	O sleeper	Paul addresses this comment directly to either (1) the believers who are reading or hearing the letter, or (2) to unbelievers who are not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
 EPH	5	14	e873	figs-metaphor	ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν	1	from the dead	This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To arise from among them speaks of becoming alive again and is a metaphor for becoming alive spiritually and living for God. Alternate Translation: “from among all those who have died” or “from among those who are spiritually dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EPH	5	14	ma8w	figs-you	ἐπιφαύσει σοι	1	shine on you	Here, **you** refers to the **sleeper** and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
+EPH	5	14	ma8w	figs-you	ἐπιφαύσει σοι	1	shine on you	Here, **you** refers to the **sleeper** and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
 EPH	5	14	ym6b	figs-metaphor	ἐπιφαύσει σοι ὁ Χριστός	1	Christ will shine on you	Christ will enable an unbeliever to understand how evil his deeds are and how Christ will forgive him and give him new life, just as light shows what actually is there that the darkness had hid. This aso applies to anything that a believer has not yet recognized as sinful. Alternate translation: “Christ will show you what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	5	15	du5n		βλέπετε…ἀκριβῶς πῶς περιπατεῖτε, μὴ ὡς ἄσοφοι, ἀλλ’ ὡς σοφοί	1	Watch carefully, therefore, how you walk—not as unwise but as wise	Unwise people do not guard themselves against sin. Wise people, however, can identify sin and flee from it. Alternate translation: “therefore, you must be careful to live as a wise person rather than a foolish person”
 EPH	5	15	abe0	grammar-connect-logic-result	οὖν	1	therefore	The connecting word **therefore** introduces a reason-result relationship. The reason is that Christ has shown the light on him. The result is that the sinner will walk carefully in the light. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
@@ -369,15 +369,15 @@ EPH	5	19	egk6	figs-merism	ψαλμοῖς, καὶ ὕμνοις, καὶ ᾠδ
 EPH	5	19	n5jj		ψαλμοῖς	1	psalms	These are probably songs from the Old Testament book of Psalms that Christians sang.
 EPH	5	19	g5ss		ὕμνοις	1	hymns	These are songs of praise and worship that may have been written specifically for Christians to sing.
 EPH	5	19	v9ay	figs-doublet	ᾠδαῖς πνευματικαῖς	1	spiritual songs	Possible meanings are: (1) these are songs that the Holy Spirit inspires a person to sing right at that moment or (2) **spiritual songs** and **hymns** form a doublet. They mean basically the same thing, and you could use one word for these instead of two. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
-EPH	5	19	v3ql	bita-hq	τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν	1	in your heart	Here, **heart** is a metonym for a person’s thoughts or inner being. The phrase **in your heart** can mean either to do this: (1) with true motives and sincerity, Alternate translation: “from deep within your being” or “sincerely” or, (2) with enthusiasm, Alternate translation: “with all of your being” or “enthusiastically” See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
-EPH	5	20	e6w5	bita-hq	ἐν ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ	Here, **name** may represent (1) Jesus himself, Alternate translation: “because you belong to our Lord Jesus Christ” or (2) the authority of Jesus, Alternate translation: “with the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
+EPH	5	19	v3ql	bita-hq	τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν	1	in your heart	Here, **heart** is a metonym for a person’s thoughts or inner being. The phrase **in your heart** can mean either to do this: (1) with true motives and sincerity, Alternate translation: “from deep within your being” or “sincerely” or, (2) with enthusiasm, Alternate translation: “with all of your being” or “enthusiastically” See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
+EPH	5	20	e6w5	bita-hq	ἐν ὀνόματι τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ	Here, **name** may represent (1) Jesus himself, Alternate translation: “because you belong to our Lord Jesus Christ” or (2) the authority of Jesus, Alternate translation: “with the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	5	20	abw5		τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Πατρί	1	to God the Father	“to God, who is our father”
 EPH	5	22	isd7			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul begins to explain how Christians are to submit themselves to one another ([Ephesians 5:21](../05/21.md)). He starts with instructions to wives and husbands on how they should act toward each other.
 EPH	5	23	abe7	grammar-connect-logic-result	ὅτι	1	For	The connecting word **For** introduces the reason of a reason-result relationship. The reason is that the husband is head of the wife in the same way Christ is head of the church. The result is that wives should submit to their husbands. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	5	23	x637	bita-hq	κεφαλὴ τῆς γυναικὸς…κεφαλὴ τῆς ἐκκλησίας	1	the head of the wife…the head of the church	The word **head** here represents the leader. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	5	23	abc1	bita-hq	τοῦ σώματος	1	the body	The church is often referred to as the body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	5	25	sx8d			0	General Information:	Here the words **himself** and **he** refer to Christ. The word **her** refers to the church.
-EPH	5	25	sm9e		ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας	1	love your wives	Here, **love** means that the husband unselfishly does what is best for the wife, unselfishly serving or giving to his wife.
+EPH	5	25	sm9e		ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας	1	love your wives	Here, **love** means that the husband unselfishly does what is best for the wife, unselfishly serving or giving to his wife.
 EPH	5	25	i24y		ἑαυτὸν παρέδωκεν	1	gave himself up	“allowed people to kill him”
 EPH	5	25	kp8k	figs-metaphor	ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς	1	for her	Paul speaks of the assembly of believers as though it were a woman whom Jesus will marry. Alternate translation: “for us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	5	26	abe9	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of Christ giving himself up to death is to sanctify the church. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ EPH	5	26	h6vx	figs-metaphor	αὐτὴν ἁγιάσῃ, καθαρίσας	1	sa
 EPH	5	26	a9p5	figs-metaphor	καθαρίσας τῷ λουτρῷ τοῦ ὕδατος ἐν ῥήματι	1	having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word	Possible meanings are: (1) Paul is referring to God making Christ’s people clean by the preaching and acceptance of God’s word in the gospel message and through water baptism in Christ, or (2) Paul speaks of God making us spiritually clean from our sins by the message as if God were making our bodies clean by washing them with water. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	5	27	abea	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of Christ cleansing the church with the word is to present the church to himself as a glorious bride. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
 EPH	5	27	d1sm	figs-metaphor	μὴ ἔχουσαν σπίλον, ἢ ῥυτίδα	1	not having stain or wrinkle	Paul speaks of the church as though it were a garment that is clean and in perfect condition. Alternate translation: “not having any defect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EPH	5	27	abcm	figs-doublet	μὴ ἔχουσαν σπίλον, ἢ ῥυτίδα	1	not having stain or wrinkle	Here, **stain** and **wrinkle** represent the same idea of defect in two ways to emphasize the church’s purity. If your language does not have two different words, you can use one word for this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
+EPH	5	27	abcm	figs-doublet	μὴ ἔχουσαν σπίλον, ἢ ῥυτίδα	1	not having stain or wrinkle	Here, **stain** and **wrinkle** represent the same idea of defect in two ways to emphasize the church’s purity. If your language does not have two different words, you can use one word for this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
 EPH	5	27	abeb	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλ’	1	but	The connecting word **but** introduces a contrast relationship. The church having stains and wrinkles of sin is in contrast to the church being holy and blameless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 EPH	5	27	abec	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	2	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of Christ washing the church is to make the church holy and blameless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
 EPH	5	27	jvi4	figs-doublet	ἁγία καὶ ἄμωμος	1	holy and blameless	**Blameless** means basically the same thing as **holy**. Paul uses the two together to emphasize the church’s purity. If your language does not have two different words, you can use one word for this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
@@ -407,13 +407,13 @@ EPH	6	4	bb7g		μὴ παροργίζετε τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν	1	do not
 EPH	6	4	abei	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλὰ	1	Instead	The connecting word **Instead** introduces a contrast relationship. Fathers provoking their children to anger is in contrast to raising their children in discipline and instruction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 EPH	6	4	ytg5	figs-abstractnouns	ἐκτρέφετε αὐτὰ ἐν παιδείᾳ καὶ νουθεσίᾳ Κυρίου	1	raise them in the discipline and instruction of the Lord	The abstract nouns **discipline** and **instruction** can be expressed as verbs. Alternate translation: “teach them to become adults by making sure that they know and do what the Lord wants them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EPH	6	5	s1pq	figs-doublet	φόβου καὶ τρόμου	1	fear and trembling	The phrase **fear and trembling** uses two similar ideas to emphasize the importance of honoring their masters. Alternate translation: “with deep respect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
-EPH	6	5	z6xx	figs-hyperbole	καὶ τρόμου	1	and trembling	Here, **trembling** is an exaggeration used to emphasize how important it is that slaves obey their masters. Alternate translation: “and deep respect” or “as though you were shaking with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
-EPH	6	5	pd6z	bita-hq	ἐν ἁπλότητι τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν	1	in honesty of your heart	Here, **heart** is a metonym for a person’s mind or intentions. Alternate translation: “with honesty” or “with sincerity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
+EPH	6	5	z6xx	figs-hyperbole	καὶ τρόμου	1	and trembling	Here, **trembling** is an exaggeration used to emphasize how important it is that slaves obey their masters. Alternate translation: “and deep respect” or “as though you were shaking with fear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
+EPH	6	5	pd6z	bita-hq	ἐν ἁπλότητι τῆς καρδίας ὑμῶν	1	in honesty of your heart	Here, **heart** is a metonym for a person’s mind or intentions. Alternate translation: “with honesty” or “with sincerity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	6	5	ab6z	figs-abstractnouns	ἐν ἁπλότητι	1	in honesty	**Honesty** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “honestly” or “sincerely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EPH	6	5	cd6z	figs-explicit	ὡς τῷ Χριστῷ	1	as to Christ	To make this clear, you may want to include the verb here: “as you obey Christ.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EPH	6	6	abej	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλ’	1	but	The connecting word **But** introduces a contrast relationship. Obeying our masters as men-pleasers is in contrast to obeying them because we are slaves of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 EPH	6	6	l9ve		ὡς δοῦλοι Χριστοῦ	1	as slaves of Christ	“as though your earthly master were Christ himself”
-EPH	6	6	u5fn	figs-metonymy	ἐκ ψυχῆς	1	from the soul	Here, **soul** is a metonym for “attitudes” or “intentions.” Alternate translation: “wholeheartedly” or “enthusiastically” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+EPH	6	6	u5fn	figs-metonymy	ἐκ ψυχῆς	1	from the soul	Here, **soul** is a metonym for “attitudes” or “intentions.” Alternate translation: “wholeheartedly” or “enthusiastically” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 EPH	6	9	i85s	figs-explicit	τὰ αὐτὰ ποιεῖτε πρὸς αὐτούς	1	do the same to them	**The same** refers back to “if he does something good” from ([Ephesians 6:8](../06/08.md)). Alternate translation: “you also must treat your slaves well” or “just as slaves must do good to their masters, you also must do good to your slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 EPH	6	9	wii4		εἰδότες ὅτι καὶ αὐτῶν καὶ ὑμῶν ὁ Κύριός ἐστιν ἐν οὐρανοῖς	1	You know that the Master, both theirs and yours, is in heaven	“You know that Christ is the Master of both slaves and their masters, and that he is in heaven”
 EPH	6	9	r9ue		προσωπολημψία οὐκ ἔστιν παρ’ αὐτῷ	1	there is no favoritism with him	“he judges everyone the same way”
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ EPH	6	12	abek	grammar-connect-logic-result	ὅτι	1	For	The connecting word **F
 EPH	6	12	d7be	figs-synecdoche	αἷμα καὶ σάρκα	1	blood and flesh	This expression refers to people, not spirits who do not have human bodies. Alternate translation: “human beings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
 EPH	6	12	abel	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	ἀλλὰ	1	but	The connecting word **But** introduces a contrast relationship. People made of flesh and blood are in contrast to spiritual forces. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 EPH	6	12	ftu4	figs-explicit	πρὸς τοὺς κοσμοκράτορας	1	against the world-controllers	Here it is implied that **the world-controllers** refers to powerful spiritual beings. Alternate translation: “against the powerful spiritual beings that rule over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
-EPH	6	12	abcn	figs-metaphor	τοῦ σκότους τούτου	1	this darkness	Here, **darkness** is a metaphor for things that are evil. Alternate translation: “during this present evil time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
+EPH	6	12	abcn	figs-metaphor	τοῦ σκότους τούτου	1	this darkness	Here, **darkness** is a metaphor for things that are evil. Alternate translation: “during this present evil time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	6	13	jrn9	figs-metaphor	διὰ τοῦτο, ἀναλάβετε τὴν πανοπλίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	Therefore, put on the whole armor of God	Christians should use the protective resources God gives them in fighting the devil in the same way that a soldier puts on armor to protect himself against his enemies. See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 EPH	6	13	abem	grammar-connect-logic-result	διὰ τοῦτο	1	Therefore	The connecting word **Therefore** introduces the result of a reason-result relationship. The reason is that we are in a battle against evil spiritual forces. The result is that we should put on the whole armor of God. Use a phrase in your language that connects a reason to a result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
 EPH	6	13	cy9h	figs-metaphor	ἵνα δυνηθῆτε ἀντιστῆναι ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ πονηρᾷ	1	so that you may be able to withstand in the evil day	The word **withstand** means to successfully resist something. Alternate translation: “so that you may be able to resist when evil attacks you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ EPH	6	20	cdep	figs-pronouns	ἐν αὐτῷ	1	in it	**It** refers back to the *
 EPH	6	21	aber	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of Paul sending Tychicus to Ephesus was to tell the Ephesian believers what was happening to Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
 EPH	6	21	cxs9	translate-names	Τυχικὸς	1	Tychicus	Tychicus was one of several men who served with Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
 EPH	6	21	abc2	figs-metaphor	ἀδελφὸς	1	brother	Paul speaks of Tychicus as if he were a brother to all the other believers who were in God’s spiritual family. Alternate translation: “fellow believer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
-EPH	6	22	nv5m	bita-hq	παρακαλέσῃ τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν	1	your hearts may be encouraged	Here, **hearts** is a metonym for people’s inner beings. Alternate translation: “he may encourage you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
+EPH	6	22	nv5m	bita-hq	παρακαλέσῃ τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν	1	your hearts may be encouraged	Here, **hearts** is a metonym for people’s inner beings. Alternate translation: “he may encourage you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
 EPH	6	22	abes	grammar-connect-logic-goal	ἵνα	1	so that	The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of Paul sending Tychicus to the Ephesians is to encourage their hearts and to let them know what was happening to Paul and his companions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
 EPH	6	23	j395			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul closes his letter to the Ephesian believers with a blessing of peace and grace on all believers who love Christ.
 EPH	6	23	ab33	figs-abstractnouns	εἰρήνη	1	peace	**Peace** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “a peaceful spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
@@ -467,4 +467,4 @@ EPH	6	23	abc3	figs-metaphor	ἀδελφοῖς	1	brothers	Paul speaks of the oth
 EPH	6	23	ab44	figs-abstractnouns	ἀγάπη	1	love	**Love** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “may you love one another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EPH	6	23	ab55	figs-abstractnouns	μετὰ πίστεως	1	with faith	**Faith** is an abstract noun that can be translated with a verb. Alternate translation: “as you trust in the Lord” See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 EPH	6	24	cd55	figs-abstractnouns	ἡ χάρις	1	grace be	**Grace** is an abstract noun that can be translated with an adverb. Alternate translation: “may God act graciously” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
-EPH	6	24	ef55	figs-abstractnouns	ἐν ἀφθαρσίᾳ	1	with incorruptability	**Incorruptibility** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “in a way that no one is able to corrupt” or “so much that no one can make them stop loving him” See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+EPH	6	24	ef55	figs-abstractnouns	ἐν ἀφθαρσίᾳ	1	with incorruptability	**Incorruptibility** is an abstract noun. Alternate translation: “in a way that no one is able to corrupt” or “so much that no one can make them stop loving him” See the UST (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])

en_tn_57-TIT.tsv

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
-TIT	front	intro	m2jl			0		# Introduction to Titus<br><br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of Titus<br><br>1.  Paul instructs Titus to appoint godly leaders. (1:1-16)<br>2.  Paul instructs Titus to train people to live godly lives. (2:1-3:11)<br>3.  Paul ends by sharing some of his plans and sending greetings to various believers. (3:12-15)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Titus?<br><br>Paul wrote the Book of Titus. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>### What is the Book of Titus about?<br><br>Paul wrote this letter to Titus, his fellow worker, who was leading the churches on the island of Crete. Paul instructed him about selecting church leaders. Paul also described how the believers should behave towards each other. He also encouraged them all to live in a way that pleases God.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “Titus.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “Paul’s Letter to Titus” or “A Letter to Titus”. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names\]\])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### In what roles can people serve within the church?<br><br>There are some teachings in the Book of Titus about whether a woman or divorced man can serve in positions of leadership within the church. Scholars disagree about the meaning of these teachings. Further study on these issues may be necessary before translating this book.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Singular and plural **you**<br><br>In this book, the word **I** refers to Paul. Also, the word **you** is almost always singular and refers to Titus. The exception to this is 3:15. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive\]\] and \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you\]\])<br><br>### What is the meaning of **God our Savior**?<br><br>This is a common phrase in this letter. Paul meant to make the readers think about how God forgave them in Christ for sinning against him, and by forgiving them he saved them from being punished when he judges all people. A similar phrase in this letter is **our great God and Savior Jesus Christ**.
+TIT	front	intro	m2jl			0		# Introduction to Titus<br><br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of Titus<br><br>1. Paul instructs Titus to appoint godly leaders. (1:1-16)<br>2. Paul instructs Titus to train people to live godly lives. (2:1-3:11)<br>3. Paul ends by sharing some of his plans and sending greetings to various believers. (3:12-15)<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Titus?<br><br>Paul wrote the Book of Titus. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>### What is the Book of Titus about?<br><br>Paul wrote this letter to Titus, his fellow worker, who was leading the churches on the island of Crete. Paul instructed him about selecting church leaders. Paul also described how the believers should behave towards each other. He also encouraged them all to live in a way that pleases God.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “Titus.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “Paul’s Letter to Titus” or “A Letter to Titus”. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### In what roles can people serve within the church?<br><br>There are some teachings in the Book of Titus about whether a woman or divorced man can serve in positions of leadership within the church. Scholars disagree about the meaning of these teachings. Further study on these issues may be necessary before translating this book.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Singular and plural **you**<br><br>In this book, the word **I** refers to Paul. Also, the word **you** is almost always singular and refers to Titus. The exception to this is 3:15. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])<br><br>### What is the meaning of **God our Savior**?<br><br>This is a common phrase in this letter. Paul meant to make the readers think about how God forgave them in Christ for sinning against him, and by forgiving them he saved them from being punished when he judges all people. A similar phrase in this letter is **our great God and Savior Jesus Christ**.
 TIT	1	intro	c7me			0		# Titus 01 General Notes<br><br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-4. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.<br><br>In verses 6-9, Paul lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an elder in the church. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns) Paul gives a similar list in 1 Timothy 3.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Elders<br><br>The church has used different titles for church leaders. Some titles include overseer, elder, pastor, and bishop.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Should, may, must<br><br>The ULT uses different words that indicate requirements or obligations. These verbs have different levels of force associated with them. The subtle differences may be difficult to translate. The UST translates these verbs in a more general way.
-TIT	1	1	rtc9	figs-abstractnouns	κατὰ πίστιν	1	for the faith	**Faith** is an abstract noun. Here it refers to believing or trusting in Jesus. If it is more clear in your language, you can translate it with a verb such as these, as in the UST. Alternate Translation: “to strengthen the faith” or “to help \[God’s chosen people\] to trust him more” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
-TIT	1	1	xyz8	figs-abstractnouns	ἐπίγνωσιν	1	knowledge	**Knowledge** is an abstract noun. If it is clearer in your language, you can use a verb such as “to know,” as in the UST. Paul wants people to know the true message about God and Christ so that they can live in a way that pleases God. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
-TIT	1	1	abc8	figs-abstractnouns	ἀληθείας	1	of the truth	**Truth** is an abstract noun. If it is clearer in your language, you can use an adjective phrase such as “what is true” or “the true message.” Paul wants people to know the true message about God and Christ so that they can live in a way that pleases God. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
-TIT	1	1	fyf8	figs-abstractnouns	τῆς κατ’ εὐσέβειαν	1	that agrees with godliness	**Godliness** is an abstract noun that refers to living in a way that pleases God. Alternate Translation: “that is suitable for honoring God” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns\]\])
+TIT	1	1	rtc9	figs-abstractnouns	κατὰ πίστιν	1	for the faith	**Faith** is an abstract noun. Here it refers to believing or trusting in Jesus. If it is more clear in your language, you can translate it with a verb such as these, as in the UST. Alternate Translation: “to strengthen the faith” or “to help [God’s chosen people] to trust him more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+TIT	1	1	xyz8	figs-abstractnouns	ἐπίγνωσιν	1	knowledge	**Knowledge** is an abstract noun. If it is clearer in your language, you can use a verb such as “to know,” as in the UST. Paul wants people to know the true message about God and Christ so that they can live in a way that pleases God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+TIT	1	1	abc8	figs-abstractnouns	ἀληθείας	1	of the truth	**Truth** is an abstract noun. If it is clearer in your language, you can use an adjective phrase such as “what is true” or “the true message.” Paul wants people to know the true message about God and Christ so that they can live in a way that pleases God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
+TIT	1	1	fyf8	figs-abstractnouns	τῆς κατ’ εὐσέβειαν	1	that agrees with godliness	**Godliness** is an abstract noun that refers to living in a way that pleases God. Alternate Translation: “that is suitable for honoring God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
 TIT	1	2	xyz9		ἐπ’ ἐλπίδι ζωῆς αἰωνίου	1	with the certain hope of everlasting life	“that gives us the certain hope of everlasting life” or “based on our certain hope for everlasting life”
 TIT	1	2	r2gj		πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων	1	before all the ages of time	“before time began”
 TIT	1	3	b22h		καιροῖς ἰδίοις	1	at the right time	“at the proper time”
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ TIT	1	9	pzi1		τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ	1	sound t
 TIT	1	10	xsq9			0	Connecting Statement:	Because of those that would oppose God’s word, Paul gives Titus reasons to preach God’s word and warns him about false teachers.
 TIT	1	10	w9kk	figs-metaphor	ἀνυπότακτοι, ματαιολόγοι	1	rebellious, empty talkers	These are rebellious people who do not obey the gospel message. Here **empty** is a metaphor for useless, and **empty talkers** are people who say useless or foolish things. Alternate translation: “people who refuse to obey and who say useless things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 TIT	1	10	ga6n		φρεναπάται	1	deceivers	This phrase describes people who are actively trying to convince people to believe in something other than the true gospel that Paul preaches. Alternate translation: “people who persuade others to believe things that are not true”
-TIT	1	10	abcd	figs-hendiadys	ματαιολόγοι, καὶ φρεναπάται	1	empty talkers and deceivers	Both **empty talkers** and **deceivers** refer to the same people. They taught false, worthless things and wanted people to believe them. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys\]\])
+TIT	1	10	abcd	figs-hendiadys	ματαιολόγοι, καὶ φρεναπάται	1	empty talkers and deceivers	Both **empty talkers** and **deceivers** refer to the same people. They taught false, worthless things and wanted people to believe them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
 TIT	1	10	pu74	figs-metonymy	οἱ ἐκ τῆς περιτομῆς	1	those of the circumcision	This refers to the Jewish Christians who taught that men must be circumcised in order to follow Christ. This teaching is false. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 TIT	1	11	f4iy		οὓς δεῖ ἐπιστομίζειν	1	It is necessary to stop them	“You must prevent them from spreading their teachings” or “Someone must stop them from influencing others by their words”
 TIT	1	11	aqi5		ὅλους οἴκους ἀνατρέπουσιν	1	They are upsetting whole households	**They are ruining entire families**. The issue was that they were leading families away from the truth and destroying their faith.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ TIT	1	16	i3l2		τοῖς…ἔργοις ἀρνοῦνται	1	they deny him by
 TIT	1	16	ja47		βδελυκτοὶ ὄντες	1	They are detestable	“They are disgusting”
 TIT	2	intro	h3il			0		# Titus 02 General Notes<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Gender roles<br><br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.<br><br>### Slavery<br><br>Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches slaves to faithfully serve their masters. He teaches all believers to be godly and live rightly in every situation.
 TIT	2	1	lfu1			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul continues giving Titus reasons to preach God’s word, and explains how the older men, older women, young men, and slaves or servants should live as believers.
-TIT	2	1	tpi2	figs-explicit	σὺ δὲ	1	But you	**You** here is singular and refers to Titus. If it is helpful, you can include the name “Titus” here as in the UST (\[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit\]\])
+TIT	2	1	tpi2	figs-explicit	σὺ δὲ	1	But you	**You** here is singular and refers to Titus. If it is helpful, you can include the name “Titus” here as in the UST ([[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
 TIT	2	1	ph2j		τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ διδασκαλίᾳ	1	with sound teaching	See the note on [Titus 1:9](../01/09/pzi1). Alternate translation: “sound doctrine” or “with correct teachings”
 TIT	2	2	xyz3	figs-ellipsis	πρεσβύτας…εἶναι	1	Older men are to be	The Greek does not have **are**, but only **older men to be**. We need to supply a verb here, drawing from the idea of **speak** in the previous verse, such as **teach** or **exhort**. Alternate translation: “Teach older men to be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
 TIT	2	2	xy13	figs-doublet	νηφαλίους…σεμνούς, σώφρονας	1	temperate, dignified, sensible	These three words are very close in meaning and may be combined into one or two terms if the target language does not have three separate terms. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ TIT	2	3	abc4		καλοδιδασκάλους	1	but to be teachers of what is goo
 TIT	2	4	abc5		φιλάνδρους	1	lovers of their husbands	“lovers of their own husbands”
 TIT	2	4	abca		φιλοτέκνους	1	and lovers of their children	“lovers of their own children”
 TIT	2	5	abcb		ὑποτασσομένας τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀνδράσιν	1	and subject to their own husbands	“and to obey their own husbands”
-TIT	2	5	t5v6	figs-activepassive	ἵνα μὴ ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημῆται	1	so that the word of God may not be insulted	**Word** here is a metonym for “message”, which in turn is a metonym for God himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
+TIT	2	5	t5v6	figs-metonymy	ἵνα μὴ ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημῆται	1	so that the word of God may not be insulted	**Word** here is a metonym for “message”, which in turn is a metonym for God himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 TIT	2	5	abcq	figs-activepassive	ἵνα μὴ ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ βλασφημῆται	1	so that the word of God may not be insulted	 This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that no one insults the word of God” or “so that no one insults God by saying bad things about his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 TIT	2	6	i3hv		ὡσαύτως	1	In the same way	Titus was to train the younger men just as he was to train the older people.
 TIT	2	7	x73u		σεαυτὸν παρεχόμενος	1	present yourself	“show yourself to be” or “you yourself must be”
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ TIT	2	10	t87j		πᾶσαν πίστιν ἐνδεικνυμένους ἀγαθ
 TIT	2	10	h2n6		ἐν πᾶσιν	1	in every way	“in everything they do”
 TIT	2	10	f8jy		τὴν διδασκαλίαν τὴν τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Θεοῦ, κοσμῶσιν	1	they may bring credit to the teaching about God our Savior	“they may make the teaching about God our Savior attractive” or “they may cause people to understand that the teaching about God our Savior is good”
 TIT	2	10	pn93		τὴν τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Θεοῦ	1	God our Savior	“our God who saves us”
-TIT	2	10	xy16	figs-inclusive	ἡμῶν	1	our	Here, **our** is inclusive of Paul, Titus, and all Christians (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive\]\])
+TIT	2	10	xy16	figs-inclusive	ἡμῶν	1	our	Here, **our** is inclusive of Paul, Titus, and all Christians (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
 TIT	2	11	y44u			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul encourages Titus to look for Jesus’ coming and remember his authority through Jesus.
 TIT	2	11	gp2z	figs-personification	ἐπεφάνη…ἡ χάρις τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the grace of God has appeared	Paul speaks of the grace of God as if it were a person who has arrived. See the UST for other ways to express this. Alternate translation: “God is now offering his grace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
 TIT	2	12	qy8k	figs-personification	παιδεύουσα ἡμᾶς	1	training us	Paul speaks of the grace of God (2:11) as if it were a person who trains other people how to live holy lives. Alternate translation: “by which God trains us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ TIT	2	12	xy19		ἀσέβειαν…εὐσεβῶς	1	godlessness…godly way	Th
 TIT	2	12	fk8j		ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι	1	in the present age	“while we live in this world” or “during this time”
 TIT	2	13	rz93		προσδεχόμενοι	1	looking forward to receiving	***waiting to welcome***
 TIT	2	13	xyz6	figs-metonymy	τὴν μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα	1	the blessed hope	Here, what is **blessed** is that for which we hope, which is the return of Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “the wonderful thing for which we hope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
-TIT	2	13	pss7	figs-metonymy	καὶ ἐπιφάνειαν τῆς δόξης τοῦ μεγάλου Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	and appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ	Here, **glory** represents Jesus himself who will appear gloriously. Alternate translation: “that is, the glorious appearance of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy\]\])
+TIT	2	13	pss7	figs-metonymy	καὶ ἐπιφάνειαν τῆς δόξης τοῦ μεγάλου Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	and appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ	Here, **glory** represents Jesus himself who will appear gloriously. Alternate translation: “that is, the glorious appearance of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
 TIT	2	13	abcf	figs-hendiadys	τὴν μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα, καὶ ἐπιφάνειαν τῆς δόξης	1	the blessed hope and appearing of the glory	Both **blessed hope** and **appearing of the glory** refer to the same event. This can be shown clearly. Alternate translation: “what we are longing for, the blessed and glorious appearing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
 TIT	2	13	xyz7	figs-hendiadys	τοῦ μεγάλου Θεοῦ καὶ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	our great God and Savior Jesus Christ	Both **our great God** and **Savior** refer to the one person, Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “Jesus Christ, our great God and Savior” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
 TIT	2	14	niu4	figs-explicit	ἔδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν	1	gave himself for us	This refers to Jesus dying willingly. Alternate translation: “gave himself to die for us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
@@ -142,12 +142,12 @@ TIT	3	2	lug7		βλασφημεῖν	1	to revile	“to speak evil of”
 TIT	3	2	abc8	figs-doublenegatives	ἀμάχους εἶναι	1	to avoid quarreling	This can be stated positively: “to be peaceful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 TIT	3	3	m9zd		ἦμεν γάρ ποτε καὶ ἡμεῖς	1	For once we also	“This is because we ourselves were once”
 TIT	3	3	me7b		ποτε	1	once	“formerly” or “at some time” or “previously”
-TIT	3	3	bl8e	figs-inclusive	ἡμεῖς	1	we	“even we” or “we ourselves” This includes Paul, Titus, and all Christians, referring to the time before they trusted in Christ. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive\]\])
+TIT	3	3	bl8e	figs-inclusive	ἡμεῖς	1	we	“even we” or “we ourselves” This includes Paul, Titus, and all Christians, referring to the time before they trusted in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
 TIT	3	3	rrx9		ἦμεν…ἀνόητοι	1	were foolish	“were thoughtless” or “were unwise”
 TIT	3	3	qt8f	figs-personification	πλανώμενοι, δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις καὶ ἡδοναῖς ποικίλαις	1	We were led astray and enslaved by various passions and pleasures	Passion and pleasure are spoken of as if they were masters over people and had made those people into slaves by lying to them. Alternate translation: “We had allowed ourselves to believe the lie that various passions and pleasures could make us happy, and then we were unable to control our feelings or stop doing things we thought would give us pleasure” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
-TIT	3	3	xy27	figs-activepassive	πλανώμενοι, δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις καὶ ἡδοναῖς ποικίλαις	1	We were led astray and enslaved by various passions and pleasures	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “various passions and pleasures had lied to us and so led us astray” (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive\]\])
+TIT	3	3	xy27	figs-activepassive	πλανώμενοι, δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις καὶ ἡδοναῖς ποικίλαις	1	We were led astray and enslaved by various passions and pleasures	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “various passions and pleasures had lied to us and so led us astray” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
 TIT	3	3	tl5n		ἐπιθυμίαις	1	passions	“lusts” or “desires”
-TIT	3	3	dec4		ἐν κακίᾳ καὶ φθόνῳ διάγοντες	1	We lived in evil and envy	Here, **evil** and **envy** describe sin. **Evil** is general and **envy** is a specific kind of sin. Alternate translation: “We were always doing evil things and wanting what others have”
+TIT	3	3	dec4		ἐν κακίᾳ καὶ φθόνῳ διάγοντες	1	We lived in evil and envy	Here, **evil** and **envy** describe sin. **Evil** is general and **envy** is a specific kind of sin. Alternate translation: “We were always doing evil things and wanting what others have”
 TIT	3	3	y5lp		στυγητοί	1	detestable	“causing others to hate us”
 TIT	3	4	xy28	grammar-connect-logic-contrast	δὲ	1	But	It is important to mark the contrast here between the evil way that people are (verses 1-3) and the goodness of God (verses 4-7) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
 TIT	3	4	ba5a	figs-personification	ὅτε…ἡ χρηστότης καὶ ἡ φιλανθρωπία ἐπεφάνη τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Θεοῦ	1	when the kindness of God our Savior and his love for mankind appeared	Paul speaks of God’s kindness and love as if they were people that came into our sight. Alternate translation: “When God our Savior showed us his kindness and love for people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
@@ -187,14 +187,14 @@ TIT	3	13	j496		σπουδαίως πρόπεμψον	1	Diligently send on their
 TIT	3	13	xy31	figs-doublenegatives	ἵνα μηδὲν αὐτοῖς λείπῃ	1	so that they lack nothing	This can be stated positively: “so that they have everything that they need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 TIT	3	14	v7wg			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul explains that it is important for all believers to provide for those who have needs.
 TIT	3	14	fw98		οἱ ἡμέτεροι	1	our own	Paul is referring to the believers in Crete. Alternate translation: “our own people”
-TIT	3	14	xy33	figs-inclusive	οἱ ἡμέτεροι	1	our own	Here, **our** includes Paul and Titus. The form should be either dual or inclusive. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive\]\])
+TIT	3	14	xy33	figs-inclusive	οἱ ἡμέτεροι	1	our own	Here, **our** includes Paul and Titus. The form should be either dual or inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
 TIT	3	14	tn24		εἰς τὰς ἀναγκαίας χρείας	1	toward essential needs	“that enable them to help people who lack necessary things”
 TIT	3	14	mji4	figs-metaphor	ἵνα μὴ ὦσιν ἄκαρποι	1	in order not to be unfruitful	Paul speaks of people doing good work as if they were trees bearing good fruit. Alternate translation: “so that they will not lead useless lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
 TIT	3	14	xy32	figs-doublenegatives	ἵνα μὴ ὦσιν ἄκαρποι	1	in order not to be unfruitful	This can be stated positively: “in this way they will be fruitful” or “in this way they will be productive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
 TIT	3	15	j3y2			0	General Information:	Paul ends his letter to Titus.
-TIT	3	15	abci		ἀσπάζονταί σε	1	greet you	Here, **you** is singular–this is a personal greeting to Titus.
+TIT	3	15	abci		ἀσπάζονταί σε	1	greet you	Here, **you** is singular–this is a personal greeting to Titus.
 TIT	3	15	k1sa		οἱ μετ’ ἐμοῦ πάντες	1	All those who are with me	“All the people who are with me” or “all of the believers who are here with me”
 TIT	3	15	f4vc		τοὺς φιλοῦντας ἡμᾶς ἐν πίστει	1	those who love us in faith	Possible meanings are: (1) “the believers who love us” or (2) “the believers who love us because we share the same belief”.
-TIT	3	15	xy35	figs-inclusive	ἡμᾶς	1	us	Here, **us** is probably exclusive and refers to Paul and the group of Christians with him. Paul is sending greetings from this group to the group of Christians that is with Titus on Crete. (See: \[\[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive\]\])
+TIT	3	15	xy35	figs-inclusive	ἡμᾶς	1	us	Here, **us** is probably exclusive and refers to Paul and the group of Christians with him. Paul is sending greetings from this group to the group of Christians that is with Titus on Crete. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
 TIT	3	15	kx83		ἡ χάρις μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν	1	Grace be with all of you	This was a common Christian greeting. Alternate translation: “May God’s grace be with you” or “I ask that God will be gracious to all of you”
-TIT	3	15	xy34		ὑμῶν	1	you	Here, **you** is plural. This blessing is for Titus and all of the believers there in Crete.
+TIT	3	15	xy34		ὑμῶν	1	you	Here, **you** is plural. This blessing is for Titus and all of the believers there in Crete.