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EXO 20 review (#1904) 

Co-authored-by: deferredreward <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org>
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Wright <benjamin.wright@unfoldingword.org>
Reviewed-on: https://git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_tn/pulls/1904
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Wright <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org>
Co-committed-by: Benjamin Wright <deferredreward@noreply.door43.org>
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@ -1461,41 +1461,43 @@ EXO 19 23 3duo figs-quotesinquotes בָּ֨⁠נוּ֙ לֵ⁠אמֹ֔ר הַג
EXO 19 24 w8lx לֶךְ־רֵ֔ד 1 get down “go down”
EXO 19 24 bk6p figs-metaphor אַל־יֶֽהֶרְס֛וּ 1 break through the barrier God spoke about walking past the boundary as if they might break down a barrier and walk through it. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:21](../19/21.md). Alternate translation: “must not go beyond the boundary” or “must not go through the barrier” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 19 24 p1yq figs-metaphor יִפְרָץ־בָּֽ⁠ם 1 break through the barrier Yahweh’s anger and judgement are pictured as something that will burst through a boundary. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Exodus 19:22](../19/22.md). Alternate translation: “he kill them in anger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 20 intro x7vt 0 # Exodus 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br>Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])
EXO 20 2 qg71 1 house of slavery “place where you were slaves”
EXO 20 3 r9h3 1 You must have no other gods before me “You must not worship any other gods but me”
EXO 20 4 rkn1 1 nor the likeness “and you must not make the likeness”
EXO 20 5 ka3i 1 You must not bow down to them or worship them The word “them” refers to carved figures or idols.
EXO 20 5 r6zh 1 jealous God wants his people to worship only him.
EXO 20 5 w4cs 1 punish the ancestors’ wickedness by bringing punishment on the descendants God will punish people for the sin of their parents.
EXO 20 5 s2ia translate-ordinal 1 to the third and the fourth generation “to generations 3 and 4.” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO 20 6 u9nc figs-abstractnouns 1 I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me The abstract noun “faithfulness” can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I faithfully love thousands of those who love me” or “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO 20 6 yw38 figs-explicit 1 to thousands of those who love me The word “thousands” is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever to those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
EXO 20 7 t3k2 1 take the name of Yahweh your God “use the name of Yahweh your God”
EXO 20 7 gcz2 1 in vain “carelessly” or “without proper respect”
EXO 20 7 sl6g figs-doublenegatives 1 I will not hold guiltless This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “I will certainly consider guilty” or “I will certainly punish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO 20 8 kwn7 1 set it apart “set it apart for a special purpose”
EXO 20 9 sad1 1 do all your work “do all your usual duties”
EXO 20 10 t1ky figs-metonymy 1 within your gates Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 20 11 vw1f translate-ordinal 1 on the seventh day “on day seven.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for “7.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO 20 11 s8ds 1 blessed the Sabbath day Possible meanings are that (1) God caused the Sabbath day to produce good results, or (2) God said that the Sabbath day was good.
EXO 20 14 wyv9 1 You must not commit adultery “You must not have sex with anyone other than your spouse”
EXO 20 16 zix8 1 must not give false testimony “must not speak a false report” or “must not tell lies about someone”
EXO 20 17 vt9t 1 must not covet “must not strongly want to have” or “must not want to take”
EXO 20 18 swq3 1 voice of the trumpet “sound of the trumpet”
EXO 20 18 nm52 1 the mountain smoking “smoke coming from the mountain”
EXO 20 18 lmt5 1 they trembled “they shook with fear”
EXO 20 18 h53m 1 stood far off “stood far away” or “stood at a distance”
EXO 20 20 slb8 1 so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin “so that you will honor him and not sin”
EXO 20 21 lts1 1 Moses approached “Moses went closer to”
EXO 20 22 tq2f 1 This is what you must tell the Israelites “Tell the Israelites this”
EXO 20 22 r6jh 1 You yourselves have seen that I have talked with you from heaven “You have heard me speak to you from heaven”
EXO 20 23 hi91 1 You will not make for yourselves other gods alongside me “You must not make idols as other gods instead of me”
EXO 20 23 qm44 1 gods of silver or gods of gold “gods made out of silver or gold” or “idols made out of silver or gold”
EXO 20 24 pf1i 1 earthen altar an altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay
EXO 20 24 ge89 figs-metonymy 1 cause my name to be honored Here “name” is a metonym for God’s being. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “choose for you to honor me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 20 26 qm1b 1 You must not go up to my altar on steps “Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps”
EXO 20 26 h2qd 1 your nakedness “your private parts”
EXO 20 intro x7vt 0 # Exodus 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The instructions recorded in this chapter are commonly known as the “ten commandments.”<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant<br>Yahweh’s covenant faithfulness is now based on the covenant he made with Abraham as well as the covenant he is making with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenantfaith]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br><br>### Form of you<br>The singular form of you is used in the commandments, however, the commandments applied to the whole Israelite community. There is both a singular and a corporate aspect to them. You may need to choose between singular and plural if you language makes that distinction. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-youcrowd]])
EXO 20 2 qg71 figs-metaphor מִ⁠בֵּ֥ית עֲבָדִֽים 1 house of slavery Moses speaks of Egypt as if it were a house where people keep slaves. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:3](../13/03.md). Alternate translation: “from the place where you were slaves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 20 3 r9h3 לֹֽ֣א יִהְיֶֽה־לְ⁠ךָ֛ אֱלֹהִ֥ים אֲחֵרִ֖ים עַל־פָּנָֽ⁠יַ 1 You must have no other gods before me “You must not worship any other gods besides me”
EXO 20 4 rkn1 וְ⁠כָל־תְּמוּנָ֔ה 1 nor the likeness “nor anything looking like something”
EXO 20 5 ka3i writing-pronouns לָ⁠הֶ֖ם 1 You must not bow down to them or worship them The word **them** refers to carved figures or idols. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-pronouns]])
EXO 20 5 s2ia translate-ordinal ל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠עַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים 1 to the third and the fourth generation “to generations 3 and 4.” This refers to the grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Alternate translation: “even on the grandchildren and great-grandchildren (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO 20 5 hx93 figs-ellipsis ל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְ⁠עַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים 1 to the third and the fourth generation “Generation” is implied by **sons**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EXO 20 6 u9nc figs-abstractnouns חֶ֖סֶד 1 I show covenant faithfulness to thousands of those who love me The abstract noun **faithfulness** can be stated as “faithfully” or “faithful.” Alternate translation: “I am faithful to the covenant with thousands of those who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
EXO 20 6 oyh7 figs-ellipsis 1 to the third and the fourth generation “Generation” is implied by the previous verse. However, this may not be the case, therefore two notes following deal with either possibility. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EXO 20 6 k52w לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים 1 to the third and the fourth generation “to the thousandth generation” or “for a thousand generations”
EXO 20 6 19bm figs-hyperbole לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים 1 to the third and the fourth generation Option 1: This large number is used to mean “forever” or “to all descendants forever.” Alternate translation: “for every generation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
EXO 20 6 yw38 figs-metonymy לַ⁠אֲלָפִ֑ים לְ⁠אֹהֲבַ֖⁠י 1 to thousands of those who love me Option 2: The word **thousands** is a metonym for a number too many to count. Alternate translation: “forever to innumerable people who love me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 20 7 o96b תִשָּׂ֛א …יִשָּׂ֥א 1 take the name of Yahweh your God To **lift up**, take, or use the name of Yahweh (with emptiness, i.e. improperly) covers many sorts of speaking or invoking his name, or making a claim to him, or attempting to manipulate him, or misrepresenting him. A broad word should be used in translation of this term.
EXO 20 7 t3k2 לֹ֥א תִשָּׂ֛א אֶת־שֵֽׁם־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖י⁠ךָ 1 take the name of Yahweh your God “You must not use the name of Yahweh your God”
EXO 20 7 gcz2 לַ⁠שָּׁ֑וְא …לַ⁠שָּֽׁוְא 1 in vain “carelessly” or “without proper respect”
EXO 20 7 sl6g figs-doublenegatives לֹ֤א יְנַקֶּה֙ 1 I will not hold guiltless This double-negative can be stated as a positive. Alternate translation: “I will certainly consider guilty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
EXO 20 8 kwn7 לְ⁠קַדְּשֽׁ⁠וֹ 1 set it apart “to make it holy to me” or “to consecrate it to me”
EXO 20 9 sad1 מְלַאכְתֶּֽ⁠ךָ 1 do all your work “your occupation” or “your livelihood”
EXO 20 10 t1ky figs-metonymy בִּ⁠שְׁעָרֶֽי⁠ךָ 1 within your gates Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. Alternate translation: “within your community” or “inside your city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 20 11 vw1f translate-ordinal בַּ⁠יּ֣וֹם הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֑י 1 on the seventh day “on day seven.” Here “seventh” is the ordinal number for “7.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
EXO 20 14 wyv9 לֹ֖א תִּנְאָֽף 1 You must not commit adultery “You must not have sex with anyone other than your spouse”
EXO 20 16 zix8 לֹֽא־תַעֲנֶ֥ה בְ⁠רֵעֲ⁠ךָ֖ עֵ֥ד שָֽׁקֶר 1 must not give false testimony “You must not speak a false report against your neighbor”
EXO 20 17 vt9t לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד 1 must not covet “You must not strongly want to have” or “You must not want to take”
EXO 20 18 nm52 הָ⁠הָ֖ר עָשֵׁ֑ן 1 the mountain smoking “the smoky mountain”
EXO 20 18 lmt5 וַ⁠יָּנֻ֔עוּ 1 they trembled “they shook with fear”
EXO 20 18 h53m וַ⁠יַּֽעַמְד֖וּ מֵֽ⁠רָחֹֽק 1 stood far off “stood far away”
EXO 20 20 slb8 וּ⁠בַ⁠עֲב֗וּר תִּהְיֶ֧ה יִרְאָת֛⁠וֹ עַל־פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם לְ⁠בִלְתִּ֥י תֶחֱטָֽאוּ 1 so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin “so that you will honor him and not sin”
EXO 20 20 hocw figs-metaphor תִּהְיֶ֧ה יִרְאָת֛⁠וֹ עַל־פְּנֵי⁠כֶ֖ם 1 so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin Here, **fear** is spoken of as something that could be on their faces. It may mean they would have such a fear that their attitude could be seen on their faces. Alternate translation: “reverence for him will show on your faces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EXO 20 21 lts1 וּ⁠מֹשֶׁה֙ נִגַּ֣שׁ 1 Moses approached “and Moses went closer to”
EXO 20 22 ayom figs-quotemarks אַתֶּ֣ם רְאִיתֶ֔ם 1 Moses approached A second-level direct quotation begins here that continues until the [end of the chapter](../20/26.md). It may be helpful to your readers to indicate this by marking it with second-level quotation marks or with whatever other punctuation or convention your language uses to indicate a quotation within a quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks]])
EXO 20 23 qm44 אֱלֹ֤הֵי כֶ֨סֶף֙ וֵ⁠אלֹהֵ֣י זָהָ֔ב 1 gods of silver or gods of gold “gods made out of silver or gold” or “idols made out of silver or gold”
EXO 20 24 pf1i מִזְבַּ֣ח אֲדָמָה֮ 1 earthen altar An altar made of materials from the ground, such as stone, soil, or clay.
EXO 20 24 ge89 figs-metonymy אַזְכִּ֣יר אֶת־שְׁמִ֔⁠י 1 cause my name to be honored Here, **name** is a metonym for God’s being. Alternate translation: “I cause myself to be remembered” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EXO 20 24 zmc4 figs-activepassive אַזְכִּ֣יר אֶת־שְׁמִ֔⁠י 1 cause my name to be honored This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “choose for you to remember me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 20 26 qm1b figs-explicit וְ⁠לֹֽא־תַעֲלֶ֥ה בְ⁠מַעֲלֹ֖ת עַֽל־מִזְבְּחִ֑⁠י 1 You must not go up to my altar on steps If you need to connect this statement more explicitly to the previous statements regarding building the alter you could add a phrase about building steps. Alternate translation: “Do not build steps up to the altar and go up to it on those steps” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EXO 20 26 e28y figs-activepassive אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־תִגָּלֶ֥ה עֶרְוָתְ⁠ךָ֖ עָלָֽי⁠ו 1 You must not go up to my altar on steps This could be stated in an active manner. Alternate translation: “so that you do not expose your nakedness over it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EXO 20 26 h2qd עֶרְוָתְ⁠ךָ֖ 1 your nakedness “your private parts”
EXO 21 intro dnd3 0 # Exodus 21 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Covenant with Moses<br>Although the covenant Yahweh made with Moses began in the previous chapter, it formally begins with the statement, “Now these are the decrees that you must set before them.” The law of Moses was a major part of this covenant. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])<br><br>### Slavery<br>This passage does not condone slavery as an acceptable practice. However, it does impose some restrictions on the practice.<br><br>### Justice in society<br>The rules and law of this chapter are not intended to be followed by every society. Israel was God’s chosen nation and was required to live in a special way. These laws concerned creating a just society and a holy nation. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/elect]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]])
EXO 21 1 b3g4 1 General Information: Yahweh continues speaking to Moses.
EXO 21 1 hhf7 1 you must set before them “you must give them” or “you must tell them”

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