diff --git a/1co/01/07.md b/1co/01/07.md index 019f409b1..b1adaf77c 100644 --- a/1co/01/07.md +++ b/1co/01/07.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **lack no spiritual gift** - "have every spiritual gift" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **the revelation of our Lord Jesus Christ** - Possible meanings are 1) "the time when God will reveal the Lord Jesus Christ" or 2) "the time when our Lord Jesus Christ will reveal himself". * **you will be blameless** - there will be no reason for God to condemn you. -* **he has called you into the fellowship of his Son** - God has called you to participate in the new life in his sone, Jesus Christ. +* **he has called you into the fellowship of his Son** - God has called you to participate in the new life in his Son, Jesus Christ. diff --git a/1co/01/17.md b/1co/01/17.md index 37b04aa72..06bef3a18 100644 --- a/1co/01/17.md +++ b/1co/01/17.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **Christ did not send me to baptize** - This means that baptism was not the primary goal of Paul's ministry. * **words of human wisdom** - "words of merely human wisdom" -* **the cross of Christ should not be emptied of its power** - AT: "human wisdom should not empty the cross of christ of it's power." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the cross of Christ should not be emptied of its power** - AT: "human wisdom should not empty the cross of Christ of its power." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/1co/01/18.md b/1co/01/18.md index c7d752f85..95bb1be61 100644 --- a/1co/01/18.md +++ b/1co/01/18.md @@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ * **the message about the cross** - ''the preaching about the crucifixion" or "the message about Christ dying on the cross" (UDB) * **is foolishness** - “is senseless" or "is silly." -* **to those who are dying ** - to those who are dying - "dying" refers to the process of spiritual death. +* **to those who are dying ** - "dying" refers to the process of spiritual death. * **it is the power of God** - "it is God working powerfully in us" -* **frustrate the understanding of the intelligent ** - frustrate the understanding of the intelligent - AT: "confuse intelligent people" or "make the plans intelligent people make completely fail" +* **frustrate the understanding of the intelligent ** - AT: "confuse intelligent people" or "make the plans intelligent people make completely fail" diff --git a/1co/01/28.md b/1co/01/28.md index 83522f136..04e6a3352 100644 --- a/1co/01/28.md +++ b/1co/01/28.md @@ -1,13 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:boast]] +* [[en:tw:boast|boast, boastful]] * [[en:tw:elect]] +* [[en:tw:elect|chosen one, chosen people, Chosen One, the elect]] * [[en:tw:world]] +* [[en:tw:world|world, worldly]] ## translationNotes * **what is low and despised** - the people whom the world rejects. AT: "people who are humble and rejected." -* **things that are regarded as nothing** - "that which people usually regard as without value" (See: Active/Passive) +* **things that are regarded as nothing** - "that which people usually regard as without value" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **to bring to nothing** - "to remove the importance of" -* **things that are held as valuable** - "things which people usually regard as valuable" or "things people think are worth money or worth respect." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **things that are held as valuable** - "things which people usually regard as valuable" or "things people think are worth money or worth respect." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **He did this** - "God did this" diff --git a/1co/02/14.md b/1co/02/14.md index ba99e49f2..a31ebe476 100644 --- a/1co/02/14.md +++ b/1co/02/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **unspiritual person** - the non-Christian person, who has not received the Holy Spirit. * **because they are spiritually discerned ** - "because understanding these things requires the aid of the Spirit" * **The one who is spiritual ** - AT: "the believer, who has received the Spirit. -* **For who can know the mind of the Lord, that he can instruct him? ** - For who can know the mind of the Lord, that he can instruct him? - Paul used this question to emphasize that no one knows the mind of the Lord. AT: "No one can know the mind of the Lord. Thus, no one can teach him anything he doesn't already know." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **For who can know the mind of the Lord, that he can instruct him? ** - Paul used this question to emphasize that no one knows the mind of the Lord. AT: "No one can know the mind of the Lord. Thus, no one can teach him anything he doesn't already know." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/1co/03/08.md b/1co/03/08.md index 4577dc063..e43a9c390 100644 --- a/1co/03/08.md +++ b/1co/03/08.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ * **he who plants and he who waters are one** - Planting and watering are considered the same work which Paul compares himself and Apollos to in ministering to the Corinth church. * **his own wages** - an amount of money that a worker is paid based on how well they worked. * **we** - Paul and Apollos but not the Corinth church. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **God's fellow workers ** - God's fellow workers - Paul considers himself and Apollos as God's fellow workers, working together. +* **God's fellow workers ** - Paul considers himself and Apollos as God's fellow workers, working together. * **God's garden** - God takes care of the Corinthian believers, like people who tend a garden to make it fruitful. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **God's building** - God has designed and created the Corinthian believers, like people who construct a building. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/1co/04/08.md b/1co/04/08.md index 2d346364e..4e760ab0d 100644 --- a/1co/04/08.md +++ b/1co/04/08.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Already** - Paul is using sarcasm to express his point. -* **God has put us apostles on display ...** - God has put us apostles on display ... Paul expresses two ways how God has put his apostles on display for the world to see. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **God has put us apostles on display ...** - Paul expresses two ways how God has put his apostles on display for the world to see. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **has put us apostles on display** - God has displayed the apostles just like prisoners at the end of a Roman military parade are humiliated before their execution. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **like men sentenced to death** - God put the apostles on display like men who are about to be executed. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **to angels and to human beings** - to both supernatural and mankind. diff --git a/1co/04/12.md b/1co/04/12.md index 64d52c9be..778a706b0 100644 --- a/1co/04/12.md +++ b/1co/04/12.md @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ * **revile** - AT: "scorn." Possibly: "abuse", or "curse" (UDB) * **When we are persecuted** - "When people persecute us" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **When we are slandered** - "When people unfairly slander us" -* **We had become, and are still considered to be, the refuse of the world ** - We had become, and are still considered to be, the refuse of the world - "We became, and people still consider us to be, the refuse of the world." +* **We had become, and are still considered to be, the refuse of the world ** - "We became, and people still consider us to be, the garbage of the world." diff --git a/1co/05/01.md b/1co/05/01.md index a8aca38ed..34f3f7f8e 100644 --- a/1co/05/01.md +++ b/1co/05/01.md @@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **that is not even permitted among the Gentiles** - "that not even the Gentiles permit." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **sleeping with** - "having an ongoing sexual relationship with" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **father's wife** - the wife of his father, but not likely his mother. * **Should you not mourn instead?** - This rhetorical question is used to scold the Corinthians. AT: "You should mourn over this instead!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **The one who did this must be removed from among you** - "You must remove the one who did this from among you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/1co/05/09.md b/1co/05/09.md index 6582278ed..2bf3ac8e0 100644 --- a/1co/05/09.md +++ b/1co/05/09.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **sexually immoral people** - this refers to people who claim to believe in Christ but behave in this manner * **the immoral people of this world** - People who have chosen to live an immoral life style who are not believers. * **the greedy** - "those who are greedy" or "those who want everything that everyone else has" -* **swindlers ** - swindlers - This means people who "cheat or defraud of money or property." +* **swindlers ** - This means people who "cheat or defraud of money or property." * **to stay away from them you would need to go out of the world** - no place in this world is free from such behavior. AT: "to stay away from them you would need avoid all men." diff --git a/1co/06/09.md b/1co/06/09.md index 5fba6de52..a6e0ca52f 100644 --- a/1co/06/09.md +++ b/1co/06/09.md @@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:name|name]] * [[en:tw:prostitute]] -* [[en:tw:prostitute|prostitute, harlot, whore]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:slander]] * [[en:tw:slander|slander, slanderer]] @@ -36,10 +35,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Do you not know that - ** - He emphasizes that they should already know this truth. AT: "You already know that" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Do you not know that - ** - ** He emphasizes that they should already know this truth. AT: "You already know that" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **inherit the kingdom of God** - God will not judge them as righteous at the judgment and they will not enter eternal life. -* **male prostitutes** - This is a male who submits himself sexually to another man, not necessarily one who takes money for sex. -* **those who practice homosexuality** - men who have sex with another man. +* **male prostitutes** - This is prostitute who is a man who sleeps with other men. +* **those who practice homosexuality** - when a man sleeps with another man * **thief** - "one who steals from others" or "robber" * **the greedy** - AT: "people who take more so others don't get enough" * **swindler** - AT: "cheater" or "those who steal from others who trust in them" (UDB) diff --git a/1co/06/12.md b/1co/06/12.md index 571d043dc..9e383c0e6 100644 --- a/1co/06/12.md +++ b/1co/06/12.md @@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ * **"Everything is lawful for me"** - AT: "Some say, 'I can do anything'" or "I am allowed to do anything" * **but not everything is beneficial** - "but not everything is good for me" * **I will not be mastered by any of them** - AT: "These things will not rule over me like a master." -* **"Food is for the stomach, and the stomach is for food" - but God will do away with both of them** - but God will do away with both of them - AT: "Some say 'food is for the stomach, and the stomach is for food,' but God will do away with both the stomach and food". +* **"Food is for the stomach, and the stomach is for food" - but God will do away with both of them** - but God will do away with both of them** - AT: "Some say 'food is for the stomach, and the stomach is for food,' but God will do away with both the stomach and food". * **the stomach** - the physical body (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **do away with** - "destroy" diff --git a/1co/06/14.md b/1co/06/14.md index 17da82cac..7b1d32d0a 100644 --- a/1co/06/14.md +++ b/1co/06/14.md @@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ * [[en:tw:power]] * [[en:tw:power|power]] * [[en:tw:prostitute]] -* [[en:tw:prostitute|prostitute, harlot, whore]] * [[en:tw:raise]] * [[en:tw:raise|raise, rise, risen]] diff --git a/1co/06/16.md b/1co/06/16.md index aabfbf5e4..7ce9dcb60 100644 --- a/1co/06/16.md +++ b/1co/06/16.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ * [[en:tw:know|know, knowledge, make known]] * [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:prostitute]] -* [[en:tw:prostitute|prostitute, harlot, whore]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] * [[en:tw:spirit|spirit, spiritual]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] diff --git a/1co/07/01.md b/1co/07/01.md index 5263dec30..ef6c9d295 100644 --- a/1co/07/01.md +++ b/1co/07/01.md @@ -13,6 +13,5 @@ * **the things about which you wrote me** - The Corinthians had written a letter to Paul to ask for answers to certain questions. * **for a man** - in this usage, male spouse or husband * **it is good** - AT: "it is right and acceptable" -* **there are times when it is good for a man not to sleep with his wife** - AM: "it is good for a man to have no sexual relations at all". * **But because of temptations for many immoral acts** - AT: "But because people experience temptation to commit sexual sin." * **each man should have his own wife, and each woman should have her own husband** - To clarify this for polygamous cultures, "each man should have one wife, and each woman should have one husband." diff --git a/1co/07/03.md b/1co/07/03.md index d2bfcb833..e8b93e80a 100644 --- a/1co/07/03.md +++ b/1co/07/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **conjugal rights** - both the husbands and wives are obligated to have regular sexual relations with their spouses. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **conjugal rights** - Both the husbands and wives are obligated to regularly sleep with their spouses. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/1co/07/05.md b/1co/07/05.md index 8f8c42d52..af893842d 100644 --- a/1co/07/05.md +++ b/1co/07/05.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **do not deprive one another sexually** - AT: "do not refuse to sexually satisfy your spouse" -* **so that you may devote yourselves to prayer** - They decide together to pass some days without sex in order to have a period of especially deep prayer; in Judaism that might be a period of 1-2 weeks. +* **do not deprive each other of sleeping together** - AT: "do not refuse to sleep with your spouse" +* **so that you may devote yourselves to prayer** - They decide together to pass some days without sleeping together in order to have a period of especially deep prayer; in Judaism that might be a period of 1-2 weeks. * **devote yourselves** - "commit yourselves" -* **come together again** - return to sexual activity -* **because of your lack of self-control** - AT: "because after some days, your sexual desires will be harder to keep under control" -* **I say these things to you more as concession and not as command** - Paul tells the Corinthians that they can take a short period of time to abstain from sex for the purpose of prayer, but that this is a special case, not an continuing requirement. +* **come together again** - AT: "sleep together again" +* **because of your lack of self-control** - control** - AT: "because after some days, your sexual desires will be harder to keep under control" +* **I say these things to you more as concession and not as command** - Paul tells the Corinthians that they can take a short period of time to abstain from sleeping together for the purpose of prayer, but that this is a special case, not an continuing requirement. * **were as I am** - were unmarried (formerly-married or never-married), as Paul is. * **But each one has his own gift from God, one of this kind and another of that kind** - AT: "God gives one person a ability, and to another person some other ability." diff --git a/1co/07/08.md b/1co/07/08.md index ebcbc7f69..2dd4b6b85 100644 --- a/1co/07/08.md +++ b/1co/07/08.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ * **unmarried** - “not now married”; this may include the never-married and also the formerly-married. * **widow** - a woman whose husband has died -* **it is good ** - it is good - The word good here refers to right and acceptable. AT: "it is right and acceptable" +* **it is good ** - The word good here refers to right and acceptable. AT: "it is right and acceptable" * **marry** - become husband and wife. -* **to burn with passion** - to burn with passion- AT: "to live with constant sexual passion." +* **to burn with passion** - AT: "to live with constant desire to sleep with someone." diff --git a/1co/07/25.md b/1co/07/25.md index 22e585953..f4c6f3f59 100644 --- a/1co/07/25.md +++ b/1co/07/25.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now concerning those who never married, I have no commandment from the Lord ** - Now concerning those who never married, I have no commandment from the Lord - Paul knows no teaching of Jesus that speaks about this situation. AT: "I don't have a commandment from the Lord about people who have never married." +* **Now concerning those who never married, I have no commandment from the Lord ** - Paul knows no teaching of Jesus that speaks about this situation. AT: "I don't have a commandment from the Lord about people who have never married." * **my opinion** - Paul is emphasizing that these thoughts about marriage are his - not a direct commandment from the Lord. * **Therefore** - AT: "So" or "Because of this" * **impending crisis** - AT: "disaster that is coming" diff --git a/1co/08/04.md b/1co/08/04.md index 9814f93a3..2597ad8a7 100644 --- a/1co/08/04.md +++ b/1co/08/04.md @@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ * **we** - Paul and the Corinthians. (See; [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **know that "an idol in this world is nothing"** - Paul is quoting a phrase that some Corinthians used. AT: “We all know, as you yourselves like to say, that 'an idol has no power or meaning for us'.” * **an idol in this world is nothing** - AT: "there is no idol in this world" -* **gods and lords ** - gods and lords - Paul does not believe in many gods, but he recognizes that the pagans believe in them. +* **gods and lords ** - Paul does not believe in many gods, but he recognizes that the pagans believe in them. * **us** - Paul and the Corinthians. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **for us there is** - "we believe in" diff --git a/1co/09/03.md b/1co/09/03.md index a1c1de39d..485ce07b0 100644 --- a/1co/09/03.md +++ b/1co/09/03.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:apostle]] * [[en:tw:barnabas]] -* [[en:tw:believe]] +* [[en:tw:believer]] * [[en:tw:brother]] * [[en:tw:peter]] * [[en:tw:works]] diff --git a/1co/09/09.md b/1co/09/09.md index 58edcc7d5..a1f8059f4 100644 --- a/1co/09/09.md +++ b/1co/09/09.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Is it really oxen that God cares about?** - AT: "It isn't oxen that God cares most about." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]; -* **Is he not speaking most certainly about us?** - AT: ""God was certainly speaking about us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Is he not speaking about us?** - AT: ""God was certainly speaking about us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **about us** - The 'us' refers to Paul and Barnabas. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **is it too much for us to reap material things from you?** - AT: "It is not too much for us to receive material support from you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/1co/10/11.md b/1co/10/11.md index c2b2af734..79699f127 100644 --- a/1co/10/11.md +++ b/1co/10/11.md @@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ * **examples for us** - "us" refers to all believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **the end of the ages** - "the last days" * **does not fall** - does not sin or reject God -* **No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to all humanity** - AT: "The temptations that affect you are temptations which all people experience." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to all humanity** - AT: "The temptations that affect you are temptations which all people experience." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) * **your ability** - Your physical or emotional strength. diff --git a/1co/10/14.md b/1co/10/14.md index 33b9670d7..b084f903a 100644 --- a/1co/10/14.md +++ b/1co/10/14.md @@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ * **cup of blessing** - Paul uses this expression to describe a cup filled with wine that used in the ritual of the Lord's supper. * **is it not sharing in the blood of Christ? ** - The cup of wine that we share represent us sharing in the blood of Christ. AT: "we share in the blood of Christ" (UDB; See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion * ]]) -* **The bread that we break, is it not sharing in the body of Christ? ** - The bread that we break, is it not sharing in the body of Christ? - AT: "we share in the body of Christ when we share bread" (UDB; See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **The bread that we break, is it not sharing in the body of Christ? ** - AT: "we share in the body of Christ when we share bread" (UDB; See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **sharing in** - "taking part in" or "equally participating with others in" * **loaf of bread** - a single unit of baked bread that is sliced or broken into pieces before it is eaten. diff --git a/1co/10/28.md b/1co/10/28.md index 6b7d6d80c..95c9fbdfa 100644 --- a/1co/10/28.md +++ b/1co/10/28.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **Why should my freedom be judged by another person's conscience?** - AT: "My personal choices are not to be changed by what another person believes is right or wrong." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **If I partake** - The "I" does not refer to Paul but was used to represent those who eat meat with thankfulness. AT: "If a person partakes," or "when a person eats" * **with gratitude** - Possible meanings are 1) "with a feeling of appreciation or thankfulness to God." or 2) "with a feeling of appreciation or thankfulness to the host." -* **why am I vilified for that for which I gave thanks?** - "why are you vilifying me when I was thankful for the food?". AT: "I will not permit someone else to condemn me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **why am I vilified for that for which I gave thanks?** - "why are you saying evil things about me when I was thankful for the food?". AT: "I will not permit someone else to condemn me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/1co/10/31.md b/1co/10/31.md index 51ac663d8..81c3d8914 100644 --- a/1co/10/31.md +++ b/1co/10/31.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **give no offense to** - AT: "do not displease" or "do not create a stumbling block to" +* **Give no offense to Jews or to Greeks** - AT: "Do not displease Jews or Greeks" or "Do not make Jews or Greeks angry" * **please all people** - AT: "make all people glad" * **not seeking my own benefit** - AT: "not doing things I desired for myself" * **the many** - As many people as possible. diff --git a/1co/11/01.md b/1co/11/01.md index 7d1dbea33..6563fe01c 100644 --- a/1co/11/01.md +++ b/1co/11/01.md @@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **remember** - AT: "think of" or "consider" -* **Now I want** - Possible meanings are 1) "Because of this, I want" or 2) "However, I want". +* **Now I want** - Possible meanings are 1) "Because of this, I want" or 2) "However, I want." * **with his head covered** - "and does so after placing a cloth or veil over his head" -* **dishonors his head** - Possible meanings are 1) "brings disgrace on himself" (UDB), or 2) "brings disgrace on Christ, who is his head." +* **dishonors his head** - Possible meanings are 1) "brings disgrace on himself" (UDB) or 2) "brings disgrace on Christ, who is his head." diff --git a/1co/11/05.md b/1co/11/05.md index 2e11967c7..58b3d0781 100644 --- a/1co/11/05.md +++ b/1co/11/05.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **with her head uncovered** - without a veil, which was worn on the top of the head, extending down past the shoulders, but leaving the face uncovered. * **dishonors her head** - Possible meanings are 1) “brings disgrace on herself” (UDB), or 2) “brings disgrace on her husband.” * **as if her head were shaved** - As if she had removed all the hair on her head with a razor. -* **If it is disgraceful for a woman...** - Unlike modern times, it was a mark of disgrace or humiliation for a woman to have her hair shaved off or cut short. +* **If it is disgraceful for a woman...** - It was a mark of disgrace or humiliation for a woman to have her hair shaved off or cut short. * **cover her head** - "place a cloth or veil over her head." diff --git a/1co/11/20.md b/1co/11/20.md index 0598d7aaa..6986e2c73 100644 --- a/1co/11/20.md +++ b/1co/11/20.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ * **come together** - "gather together" * ** to eat and to drink in** - AT: "in which to gather for a meal" * **despise** - to hate or treat with dishonor and disrespect. -* **humiliate those** - Belittle, embarrass or put down another in the presence of a church gathering. +* **humiliate those** - This means to belittle or embarrass another in the presence of a church gathering. diff --git a/1co/11/23.md b/1co/11/23.md index e605543ed..90678de2b 100644 --- a/1co/11/23.md +++ b/1co/11/23.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you** - AT: "For the Lord gave me information, and I gave it to you." -* **the Lord Jesus, on the night when he was betrayed** - AT: "on the night that Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus, Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **on the night when he was betrayed** - AT: "on the night that Judas Iscariot betrayed him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **took bread, and after he had given thanks, he broke it** - AT: "Jesus placed bread in his hand, thanked God for it, and, while holding the bread, pulled smaller pieces of bread from it." * **This is my body** - AT: "The bread I am holding is my body". diff --git a/1co/12/01.md b/1co/12/01.md index a84daf176..dba2ddf62 100644 --- a/1co/12/01.md +++ b/1co/12/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ * **I do not want you to be uninformed** - AT: "I want you to know" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **you were led astray to voiceless idols** - AT: "other people influenced you to worship voiceless idols" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **you were led by them** - AT: "they led you" -* **no one who speaks by the Spirit of God can say** - Possible meanings are 1) "no Christian, a person who has the Spirit of God in him, can say," or 2) "no one who is prophesying by the power of the Spirit of God can say." +* **no one who speaks by the Spirit of God can say** - Possible meanings are 1) "no Christian who has the Spirit of God in him, can say," or 2) "no one who is prophesying by the power of the Spirit of God can say." diff --git a/1co/12/21.md b/1co/12/21.md index 3692bfcdc..982a61487 100644 --- a/1co/12/21.md +++ b/1co/12/21.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **appear to be less honorable** - "appear to be inferior" -* **unpresentable** - This probably refers to the genitals, which people keep covered up. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **unpresentable** - This probably refers to the private parts of the body, which people keep covered up. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/1co/15/54.md b/1co/15/54.md index 3cf9090b9..2e42e1cf4 100644 --- a/1co/15/54.md +++ b/1co/15/54.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Death, where is your victory? Death, where is your sting? ** - Death, where is your victory? Death, where is your sting? - Paul says this to mock the power of death that has been overcome by Christ. AT: "Death has no victory. Death has no sting." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Death, where is your victory? Death, where is your sting? ** - Paul says this to mock the power of death that has been overcome by Christ. AT: "Death has no victory. Death has no sting." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/1co/16/03.md b/1co/16/03.md index e7a971d5b..cff32874b 100644 --- a/1co/16/03.md +++ b/1co/16/03.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **whomever you approve** - Paul is letting the church know that they can designate one of their own people to take their offering to Jerusalem. AT: "whomever you appoint." -* **I will send with letters ** - I will send with letters - Possible meanings are 1) "I will send with letters that I will write" or 2) "I will send with letters that you will write". +* **I will send with letters ** - Possible meanings are 1) "I will send with letters that I will write" or 2) "I will send with letters that you will write". diff --git a/1jn/01/01.md b/1jn/01/01.md index 6d4f37c91..8573f59bd 100644 --- a/1jn/01/01.md +++ b/1jn/01/01.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **That which was from the beginning** - The phrase "That which was from the beginning" refers to Jesus, who existed before everything was made. You could translate this as "We are writing to you about the one who existed before the creation of all things." * **the beginning** - "the beginning of all things" or "the creation of the world" * **which we have heard** - The phrase "which we have heard" refers to what Jesus taught them. It can be translated as "We heard him teach." -* **we** - we ​- In verses 1 and 2, the word "we" refers to John and those who knew Jesus when he was on this earth, but it does not include the people John was writing to. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **we** - In verses 1 and 2, the word "we" refers to John and those who knew Jesus when he was on this earth, but it does not include the people John was writing to. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **which we have seen with our eyes, which we have contemplated** - "We ourselves have seen him." * **and our hands handled** - "we have touched him with our hands" * **the Word of life** - This refers to Jesus. "He is the one who causes people to live forever." diff --git a/1jn/01/03.md b/1jn/01/03.md index a965066ea..6d09e3293 100644 --- a/1jn/01/03.md +++ b/1jn/01/03.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **that which we have seen and heard we declare to you also** - "We declare to you also what we have seen and heard" * **we…us…our** - These pronouns refer to John and those who saw Jesus' alive and are now teaching people about it. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **you** - The word "you" is plural and refers to the people John was writing to. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **have fellowship with us. And our fellowship is with the Father** - have fellowship with us. And our fellowship is with the Father- The word fellowship here is referring to a close friendship. These clauses could be translated "be our close friends and we are friends with God the Father" +* **have fellowship with us. And our fellowship is with the Father** - The word fellowship here is referring to a close friendship. These clauses could be translated "be our close friends and we are friends with God the Father" * **our fellowship** - It is not clear if John is including or excluding his readers. You may translate this either way. * **Christ** - The word Christ is a title, not a name and it means "the chosen one". Here it is referring to God choosing Jesus to be our savior. * **that your joy may be made complete** - "to make your joy complete" or "to make you completely happy" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/1jn/01/05.md b/1jn/01/05.md index 42d2b2756..1014f58a9 100644 --- a/1jn/01/05.md +++ b/1jn/01/05.md @@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ * **God is light** - This means that God is perfectly pure and holy. It can be translated as "God is purely righteous like pure light." Cultures that associate goodness with light may be able to keep the idea of light without explaining the metaphor. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **in him there is no darkness at all** - This means that God never sins and is not evil in any way. It can be translated as "in him there is no darkness of sin." Cultures that associate evil with darkness may be able to keep the idea of darkness without explaining the metaphor. * **we…us** - In verses 6-7 the pronouns "we" and "us" refer to all believers, including the people John was writing to. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **we lie and do not practice the truth** - "we are certainly lying" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **walk in darkness** - This means "practice evil" or "always do evil." * **walk in the light** - This means "practice goodness" or "always do what is good." * **the blood of Jesus** - This refers to the death of Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/1jn/01/08.md b/1jn/01/08.md index 28b09d1db..8d1d92f26 100644 --- a/1jn/01/08.md +++ b/1jn/01/08.md @@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ * **have no sin** - "never sin" or "have never sinned" (UDB) * **deceive** - "trick" or "fool" * **the truth is not in us** - "we do not believe what he said is true" -* **he…him…his** - These pronouns are probably referring to Jesus, but they may refer to God the Father. It is best to leave the pronouns ambiguous if your language will allow it. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **he…him…his** - These words refer to God. * **faithful and righteous** - "loyal and good" -* **to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness** - "and will completely forgive us of what we have done wrong." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. John uses them to emphasize that God will surely forgive our sins. AT: "and will completely forgive us of what we have done wrong." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **we make him a liar** - "it is the same as calling him a liar, because he said we have all sinned." The phrase "because he said we have all sinned" is implicit. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **his word is not in us** - This can be translated "we do not understand or obey what he says." diff --git a/1jn/02/01.md b/1jn/02/01.md index fa5a504b7..3d34de474 100644 --- a/1jn/02/01.md +++ b/1jn/02/01.md @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ * **Jesus Christ the righteous one** - "and that person is Jesus Christ, the only one who is perfect" * **He is the propitiation for our sin** - "Jesus Christ voluntarily sacrificed his own life for us, so that as a result God forgives our sins" (UDB) * **By this we know that we know him, if we keep his commandments** - The phrase "we know him" means "we have a relationship with him." This can be translated as "If we do what he tells us to do, then we can be certain that we have a good relationship with him." -* **him…his** - These words could refer to God or to Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **him…his** - These words could refer to God or to Jesus. diff --git a/1jn/02/09.md b/1jn/02/09.md index cb89ad1a0..45981b859 100644 --- a/1jn/02/09.md +++ b/1jn/02/09.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ * **he is in the light** - This is a way of speaking about living right. When people do what is right, they can do it in the light, and not hide in the dark. This can be translated "he does what is is right" or "he is in the light doing what is right." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **is in the darkness** - This is a way of speaking about living sinfully. When people do what is wrong, they like to hide in the dark. This can be translated as "is in the darkness, doing what is evil." * **there is no occasion for stumbling in him** - "nothing will cause him to stumble." The word "stumbling" is a metaphor that means to fail spiritually or morally. This could be translated as "nothing will cause him to sin" or "he will never fail to do what is pleasing to God." -* **is in the darkness and walks in the darkness** - This same idea is said twice to bring attention to how evil it is to hate a fellow believer. This could be translated as "is living in darkness" or "is living in the darkness of sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **is in the darkness and walks in the darkness** - This same idea is said twice to bring attention to how evil it is to hate a fellow believer. AT: "is living in darkness" or "is living in the darkness of sin" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **he does not know where he is going** - This is a metaphor that can be translated as "he does not even know he is doing what is evil." * **the darkness has blinded his eyes** - "the darkness has made him unable to see." This could be translated as "sin has made it impossible for him to understand the truth." diff --git a/1jn/02/12.md b/1jn/02/12.md index 8f97b48f1..99ce6544d 100644 --- a/1jn/02/12.md +++ b/1jn/02/12.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ * **for Christ's name’s sake** - "Christ's name" is a metonym which refers to Christ and all he has done." This could be translated as "because of what Christ has done for you" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **I write to you, fathers** - The word "fathers" here is a metaphor and refers to mature believers. This could be translated as "I write to you, mature believers." * **you know** - "you have a relationship with" -* **him who is from the beginning** - "him who has always lived" or "him who has always existed." It refers either to "Jesus" or to "God the Father." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **him who is from the beginning** - "him who has always lived" or "him who has always existed." It refers either to "Jesus" or to "God the Father." * **young men** - This metaphor refers to those who are no longer new believers and are growing in spiritual maturity. This could be translated as "young believers." * **the word of God remains in you** - This could be translated as "you know the word of God." * **overcome** - "conquered" or "victory over" or "defeated" (UDB) diff --git a/1jn/03/01.md b/1jn/03/01.md index d0f324ca7..8eb537f6c 100644 --- a/1jn/03/01.md +++ b/1jn/03/01.md @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ * **we should be called children of God** - This can be translated with an active verb: "the Father should call us his children." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the world does not know us, because it did not know him** - Here "the world" refers to people who do not honor God. What the world did not know can be made explicit: "Those who do not honor God do not know that we belong to God, because they did not know God (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **it has not yet been revealed** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God has not revealed" -* **And every one that has this confidence fixed on him purifies himself just as he is pure.** - And every one that has this confidence fixed on him purifies himself just as he is pure. This can be translated "Everyone who confidently expects to see Christ as he really is will keep himself pure because Christ is pure." +* **And every one that has this confidence fixed on him purifies himself just as he is pure.** - This can be translated "Everyone who confidently expects to see Christ as he really is will keep himself pure because Christ is pure." diff --git a/1jn/03/04.md b/1jn/03/04.md index d04cc4866..6c5626fa3 100644 --- a/1jn/03/04.md +++ b/1jn/03/04.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **You** - Here "you" is plural and refers to the people John is writing to. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **Christ was revealed** - This can be translated with an active verb: "Christ appeared" or "the Father revealed Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **remains in him** - See how this was translated in [[:en:bible:notes:1jn:02:04]] -* **has neither seen him or known him** - This says the same thing in two different ways for emphasis. This can be translated as "has never truly believed in him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **has neither seen him or known him** - John uses the words "seen" and "known" to emphasize that the person who keeps on sinning has never met Christ in a spiritual sense. AT: "has never truly believed in him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/1jn/03/16.md b/1jn/03/16.md index 64f956ee8..0a51d0351 100644 --- a/1jn/03/16.md +++ b/1jn/03/16.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **and shuts up his heart of compassion from him** - This expression means "but does not show him compassion" or "but does not willingly help him." * **how does the love of God remain in him?** - John uses a question to teach his audience. This could be translated as a statement: "God's love is not in him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **My dear children** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:1jn:02:01]]. -* **let us not love in word nor in tongue** - The phrases "in word" and "in tongue" mean basically the same thing. They refer to what a person says. This can be translated as "do not just say you love people." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **let us not love in word nor in tongue** - The phrases "in word" and "in tongue" both refer to what a person says. AT: "do not just say that you love people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **but in deed and truth** - This could be translated as "but show that you truly love people by helping them." diff --git a/1jn/03/19.md b/1jn/03/19.md index db05e373c..aed0d935c 100644 --- a/1jn/03/19.md +++ b/1jn/03/19.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **we are of the truth** - This could be translated as "we are living according the the way Jesus taught us." -* **assure our heart** - assure our heart- In 3:19-22 the word "heart" refers to a person's conscience or the part of a person's thinking through which God makes him aware that he is doing something sinful. This can be translated as "we will not feel guilty in the presence of God." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **assure our heart** - In 3:19-22 the word "heart" refers to a person's conscience or the part of a person's thinking through which God makes him aware that he is doing something sinful. This can be translated as "we will not feel guilty in the presence of God." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **God is greater than our heart** - This could be translated as "we know God is a better judge than our heart." * **and do the things that are pleasing in his sight.** - This can be translated "we do what pleases him" diff --git a/1jn/04/04.md b/1jn/04/04.md index f03123f18..3442de5b1 100644 --- a/1jn/04/04.md +++ b/1jn/04/04.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **You are of God** - "You belong to God." * **dear children** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:1jn:02:01]]. * **have overcome those spirits** - This could be translated "You have not believed the false teachers." -* **he who is in you ** - he who is in you - "he" refers to God. +* **he who is in you ** - "he" refers to God. * **he who is in the world** - "he" refers to Satan. * **the world** - The term the world refers to people who do not obey God. * **Those spirits are of the world** - This could be translated “Those false teachers are people who do not obey God.” diff --git a/1jn/04/09.md b/1jn/04/09.md index 633ef0298..cc1c9a5c9 100644 --- a/1jn/04/09.md +++ b/1jn/04/09.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In this the love of God was revealed among us, ** - This could be translated “God showed that he loved us,” +* **In this the love of God was revealed among us** - This could be translated “God showed that he loved us,” * **that we might live through him** - This could be translated "enable us to live eternally because of what Jesus did." * **In this is love ** - This could be translated “God showed us what real love is” -* **not that we loved God,** - This could be translated “it is not like the way we love God” -* **propitiation** - propitiation means an atoning sacrifice. +* **not that we loved God** - This could be translated “it is not like the way we love God” +* **propitiation** - means an atoning sacrifice. * **and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins.** - This could be translated “and sent his Son to sacrifice himself so that God could forgive our sins.” diff --git a/1jn/04/15.md b/1jn/04/15.md index 69b9bb273..7280148e6 100644 --- a/1jn/04/15.md +++ b/1jn/04/15.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **Whoever confesses that Jesus is the Son of God** - "Those who say the truth about Jesus, that he is the Son of God." (UDB) * **God remains in him, and he in God** - See how this was translated in [[en:bible:notes:1jn:02:04]]. -* **God is love** - God is love- This is a metaphor which means "The character of God is love." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **God is love** - This is a metaphor which means "The character of God is love." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * ** and he who remains in love remains in God, and God remains in him** - This can be translated “those who continue to love others have a close relationship with God, and God has a close relationship with them.”) diff --git a/1jn/04/19.md b/1jn/04/19.md index ab9399ee6..2ec69477e 100644 --- a/1jn/04/19.md +++ b/1jn/04/19.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **We ** - We - This refers to John, the people he is writing to, and believers everywhere." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **hates his brother ** - hates his brother - "hate a fellow believer." (UDB) -* **commandment from him - "** - "him" refers to God. +* **We ** - This refers to John, the people he is writing to, and believers everywhere." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **hates his brother ** - "hate a fellow believer." (UDB) +* **commandment from him - "** - "**him" refers to God. diff --git a/1jn/05/04.md b/1jn/05/04.md index 980598caa..ec37ec120 100644 --- a/1jn/05/04.md +++ b/1jn/05/04.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **everyone** - This refers to all children of God. * ** overcomes the world** - This can be translated “refuses to do the evil things unbelievers do” -* **And this is the victory…our faith ** - And this is the victory…our faith - This could be translated "Our faith gives us the power to resist sinning against God." -* **Who is he who overcomes the world? ** - Who is he who overcomes the world? - This is a rhetorical question which contains a metonymy (world). "He" refers to believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **And this is the victory…our faith ** - This could be translated "Our faith gives us the power to resist sinning against God." +* **Who is he who overcomes the world? ** - This is a rhetorical question which contains a metonymy (world). "He" refers to believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/1jn/05/11.md b/1jn/05/11.md index ad8d55102..69729262f 100644 --- a/1jn/05/11.md +++ b/1jn/05/11.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **And the witness is this** - "This is what God says." (UDB) -* **this life is in his Son ** - this life is in his Son - "We will live forever if we are joined with his Son" (UDB), or "We will live forever if we are united with his Son." -* **He who has the Son has life ** - He who has the Son has life - This could be translated "He who believes in Jesus has eternal life." +* **this life is in his Son ** - "We will live forever if we are joined with his Son" (UDB), or "We will live forever if we are united with his Son." +* **He who has the Son has life ** - This could be translated "He who believes in Jesus has eternal life." diff --git a/1jn/05/16.md b/1jn/05/16.md index be822f58e..6dd64b879 100644 --- a/1jn/05/16.md +++ b/1jn/05/16.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **brother ** - brother - "fellow believer." +* **brother ** - "fellow believer." * ** God will give him life** - “life” here refers to eternal life. diff --git a/1ki/01/03.md b/1ki/01/03.md index b1ca02e39..f1cd37512 100644 --- a/1ki/01/03.md +++ b/1ki/01/03.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:israel]] +* [[en:tw:sex]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/1ki/01/05.md b/1ki/01/05.md index 176f922de..5a72ecb9e 100644 --- a/1ki/01/05.md +++ b/1ki/01/05.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Adonijah the son of Haggith** - Haggith was a wife of David. (See [[:en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:other:names]].) +* **Adonijah the son of Haggith** - Haggith was a wife of David. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **horsemen** - These are men who drive chariots pulled by horses. * **had never troubled him saying, "Why have you done this or that?"** - "had never rebuked him" or "had never taught him how to behave" * **born next after Absalom** - Absalom was the older brother of Adonijah. diff --git a/1ki/01/15.md b/1ki/01/15.md index 1697ffc0c..7810ecb65 100644 --- a/1ki/01/15.md +++ b/1ki/01/15.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ * **Abishag the Shunammite** - This is the young virgin that King David's servants had brought to care for him. See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:1ki:01:03]]. * **bowed and prostrated herself before the king** - "bowed close to the ground in front of the king" * **what do you desire?** - "what can I do for you?" +* **you swore to...** - The form of "you" here is emphatic. AT: "you yourself swore to..." * **he shall sit on my throne** - "he will be the king" diff --git a/1ki/02/19.md b/1ki/02/19.md index 0a6b6004a..dd21861c7 100644 --- a/1ki/02/19.md +++ b/1ki/02/19.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Bathsheba goes to King Solomon with Adonijah's request. -* **had a throne brought** - AT: "asked someone to bring a throne"; (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **had a throne brought** - AT: "told someone to bring a throne" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **I will not refuse you** - AT: "I will give you what you ask for" or "I will do what you ask" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/1ki/02/22.md b/1ki/02/22.md index ddf016eda..d96947f31 100644 --- a/1ki/02/22.md +++ b/1ki/02/22.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * King Solomon gives an answer to Adonijah's request. -* **Why do you ask … Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also… ? -** - King Solomon was angered by his mother's request and answers her in a question. AT: "I suppose I should allow him to rule the kingdom too!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life.** - Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life. AT: "for Adonijah has put his own life in danger by making this request." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Why do you ask … Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also… ?** - King Solomon was angered by his mother's request and answers her in a question. AT: "I suppose I should allow him to rule the kingdom too!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life.** - AT: "for Adonijah has put his own life in danger by making this request." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/1ki/04/15.md b/1ki/04/15.md index afe231767..aa158cf2d 100644 --- a/1ki/04/15.md +++ b/1ki/04/15.md @@ -8,5 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Continuation of Solomon's Officials: -* **Ahimaaz, Naphtali, Basemath, Baana, Hushai, Asher, Bealoth, Jehoshaphat, Paruah, Issachar** - Ahimaaz, Naphtali, Basemath, Baana, Hushai, Asher, Bealoth, Jehoshaphat, Paruah, Issachar (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* This continues to list Solomon's Officials. +* **Ahimaaz** - He was from the tribe of Naphtali and married Basemath. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Baana** - His father, Hushai was from the tribe of Asher and married Bealoth. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Jehoshaphat** - His father, Paruah, was from the tribe of Issachar. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/1ki/04/24.md b/1ki/04/24.md index 2beede3f9..30e524534 100644 --- a/1ki/04/24.md +++ b/1ki/04/24.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Tiphsah ** - Tiphsah - This is present day northeastern Syria. +* **Tiphsah ** - This is present day northeastern Syria. * **Judah and Israel** - The names Judah and Israel are used to represent the people of Judah and Israel. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **every man under his vine and under his fig tree** - AT: "each family had their own garden with grapevines and fig trees"; This showed that the people lived in safety and peace since they were not at war and had time to grow their gardens. * **from Dan to Beersheba** - This represents the whole land of Israel from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south. diff --git a/1ki/07/18.md b/1ki/07/18.md index 62a8881cb..64c7f71bf 100644 --- a/1ki/07/18.md +++ b/1ki/07/18.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **two rows of pomegranates** - A "pomegranate" is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. +* **two rows of pomegranates** - A "pomegranate" is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. Huram did not use real pomegranates to decorate the pillars. He made them out of bronze. * **The capitals...were decorated with lilies, four cubits high** - Lilies are funnel-shaped flowers. AT: "Huram decorated the capitals with bronze lilies, four cubits high..." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the tops of the portico** - See how you translated "portico" in [[en:bible:notes:1ki:07:06]]. diff --git a/1ki/07/23.md b/1ki/07/23.md index 480630500..9e9f8f6e8 100644 --- a/1ki/07/23.md +++ b/1ki/07/23.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **the round sea** - This refers to a bronze tank or basin which would hold water. * **cast metal** - Huram melted the bronze and formed it in a mold. * **ten cubits from brim to brim** - A cubit is about 46 centimeters. "ten cubits from one edge to the other" (See:[[:en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) * **thirty cubits in circumference** - “Circumference” is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area. diff --git a/1ki/07/25.md b/1ki/07/25.md index 4aad1d918..3e8ba43ea 100644 --- a/1ki/07/25.md +++ b/1ki/07/25.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **The sea** - This refers to a bronze tank or basin which would hold water. * **stood on** - "was on top of" * **The sea was set on top of them** - AT: "Huram's workers set the sea on top of the bronze oxen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **its brim was forged like the brim of a cup, like a lily blossom** - AT: Huram forged the brim to look like the brim of a cup, to curve outward like a lily" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/1ki/07/32.md b/1ki/07/32.md index b1d8ce729..2a5e86b0f 100644 --- a/1ki/07/32.md +++ b/1ki/07/32.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **their housings** - Here the word "their" refers to the axles. The word "housings" refers to the casings into which the axles were inserted. -* **The wheels were forged** - AT: "Huram forged the wheels" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **The wheels were forged like chariot wheels** - AT: "Huram made the wheels like small chariot wheels" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **their housings, rims, spokes, and hubs** - Here the word "their" refers to the wheels. diff --git a/1ki/07/40.md b/1ki/07/40.md index 2d00a993e..6cc4fd2bc 100644 --- a/1ki/07/40.md +++ b/1ki/07/40.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the bowl-like capitals** - The capitals shaped like bowls. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **the bowl-like capitals** - like capitals** - The capitals shaped like bowls. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **decorative latticework** - "crossed metal strips woven together" diff --git a/1ki/12/16.md b/1ki/12/16.md index 7120349ca..c0eb0accc 100644 --- a/1ki/12/16.md +++ b/1ki/12/16.md @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **When all Israel** - "When all the people of Israel who were present" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **What share do we have in David?** - AT: "We have no stake in the Davidic dynasty." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **What share do we have in David?** - AT: "We will have no part in the family of David" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse** - David is the son of Jesse. AT: "We will have nothing to do with the descendants of Jesse" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Go to your tents, Israel** - AT: "Go to your homes, people of Israel" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Now see to your own house, David** - AT: "Now take care of your own dynasty, descendant of David" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Now see to your own house, David** - AT: "Now take care of your own kingdom, descendant of David" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/1ki/12/22.md b/1ki/12/22.md index 4033854c2..bbc67b151 100644 --- a/1ki/12/22.md +++ b/1ki/12/22.md @@ -9,13 +9,12 @@ * [[en:tw:obey]] * [[en:tw:obey|obey, obedient, obedience]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] -* [[en:tw:wordofgod|word of god]] * [[en:tw:yahweh]] * [[en:tw:yahweh|Yahweh]] ## translationNotes -* **the man of God** - This is another title for a prophet. AT: "the prophet" +* **the man of God** - This is another title for a prophet. AT: "the prophet." * **all the house of Judah and Benjamin** - AT: “all the people of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin” (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **your brothers the people of Israel** - The words "brothers" and "people of Israel" both refer to the men of the ten northern tribes and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **for this thing has been made to happen by me** - AT: "because I have made this thing happen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/1pe/01/01.md b/1pe/01/01.md index 7271e2617..7b5d10cb4 100644 --- a/1pe/01/01.md +++ b/1pe/01/01.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ** - Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ Peter is identifying himself. "I, Peter, Jesus Christ's messenger am writing to you(plural)" +* **Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ** - Peter is identifying himself. "I, Peter, Jesus Christ's messenger am writing to you(plural)" * **Pontus** - This is present day northern Turkey. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **Galatia** - This is present day central Turkey. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **Cappadocia** - This is present day east central Turkey. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) diff --git a/1pe/01/03.md b/1pe/01/03.md index c0986214a..47d865a6c 100644 --- a/1pe/01/03.md +++ b/1pe/01/03.md @@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **our Lord Jesus Christ** - The words "our" and "us "refer to the speaker, Peter and the believers mentioned in [[en/bible/notes/1pe/01/01]]. (see [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **he gave to us a new birth** - The writer is speaking about spiritual birth given to us only by Jesus. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) At " he has made us live again." -* **for the confidence of an inheritance** - "we know that he will do for us what he has promised." (UDB) +* **he gave to us a new birth** - The writer is speaking about spiritual birth given to us only by Jesus. At: "he has made us live again." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **for the confidence of an inheritance** - "we know that he will do for us what he has promised" (UDB) * **reserved** - "saved for us" or "kept for us" (UDB) -* **stained** - "unharmed by sin" or "sin can not harm" +* **will not become stained** - "unharmed by sin" or "sin can not harm" * **in the last times** - "when Christ returns to earth" diff --git a/1pe/01/06.md b/1pe/01/06.md index 7ef65719f..ae5806239 100644 --- a/1pe/01/06.md +++ b/1pe/01/06.md @@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **You rejoice in this** - You rejoice in this The word this refers to all the blessings of [[en/bible/notes/1pe/01/03]] "you are glad for what God has done" +* **You rejoice in this** - 05]] "you are glad for what God has done" * **now it is necessary for you to feel sorrow** - "now it is right and proper that you feel sorrow" * **that is much more precious than gold** - "God values your faith more than he values gold" -* **which perishes in the fire that tests your faith** - which perishes in the fire that tests your faith "although gold is tested by fire, it does not last forever" +* **which perishes in the fire that tests your faith** - "although gold is tested by fire, it does not last forever" * **at the revelation of Jesus Christ** - "when Jesus Christ returns" diff --git a/1pe/01/13.md b/1pe/01/13.md index d690737be..3cb52b1a5 100644 --- a/1pe/01/13.md +++ b/1pe/01/13.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **gird up the loins of your mind** - "prepare your mind for activity". When wearing a robe, one would tuck the robe in his belt to prepare for work. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* ** Be sober in your thinking** - Be sober in your thinking "Be self-controlled" +* ** Be sober in your thinking** - controlled" diff --git a/1pe/01/18.md b/1pe/01/18.md index 8ba421357..de0fb0ed0 100644 --- a/1pe/01/18.md +++ b/1pe/01/18.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **you have been redeemed from** - "God redeemed you from" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) or "God saved you from" * ** as of a lamb** - He was sacrificed so that God would forgive your sins. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **without blemish and without spot** - "with no imperfections" Here, the same idea is stated in two ways. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **without blemish and without spot** - Peter expresses the same idea in two different ways to emphasize Christ's purity. AT: "with no imperfections" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/1pe/02/06.md b/1pe/02/06.md index c69ca9d36..defe6caac 100644 --- a/1pe/02/06.md +++ b/1pe/02/06.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **Scripture says this** - > "God caused the following to be written down about Christ" * **Behold** - "I am telling you something important" or "Listen!" The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. Your language may have a way of doing this. -* **a corner stone, chief and chosen and precious** - AT: "most important corner stone" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) +* **a corner stone, chief and chosen and precious** - The words "chief" and "precious" describe the value of the "cornerstone." AT: "a most important corner stone which I have chosen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) diff --git a/1pe/02/07.md b/1pe/02/07.md index 71e30f761..eef95476d 100644 --- a/1pe/02/07.md +++ b/1pe/02/07.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **the stone that was rejected by the builders** - "the stone that the builder rejected" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **a stone of stumbling and a rock of stumbling.** - These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **a stone of stumbling and a rock of stumbling.** - These two phrases share similar meanings. Together they emphasize that people will take offense at this "stone." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/1pe/02/11.md b/1pe/02/11.md index 02d27cdb4..b9479cc3a 100644 --- a/1pe/02/11.md +++ b/1pe/02/11.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes +* **foreigners and wanderers** - These two words mean basically the same thing. Peter uses them together to emphasize that they do not belong to the world. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **war against your soul** - "seek to destroy your faith in God" diff --git a/1pe/03/13.md b/1pe/03/13.md index 6bba0f727..7ef0994d5 100644 --- a/1pe/03/13.md +++ b/1pe/03/13.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter has been instructing believers on how to live. -* **Who is he who will harm you, if you desire what is good?** - "No one will harm you if you do good things." (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) The word "you" refers to believers. -* **Do not fear what they fear. Do not be troubled.** - These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) "So stop being afraid of what people might do to you." +* **Who is he who will harm you, if you desire what is good?** - The word "you" refers to believers. AT: "No one will harm you if you do good things." (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Do not fear what they fear. Do not be troubled.** - These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that believers should not be afraid of those who persecute them. AT: "Do not be afraid of what people might do to you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/1pe/03/21.md b/1pe/03/21.md index 7d6664527..d2c6109e7 100644 --- a/1pe/03/21.md +++ b/1pe/03/21.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter has been talking to the believers about Christ's suffering and death and Christ's preaching to those who had already died. -* **that saves you** - that saves you- The word "you" refers to the believers as well as Peter. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **that saves you** - The word "you" refers to the believers as well as Peter. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/1pe/04/07.md b/1pe/04/07.md index a1517aa2c..1006c84e8 100644 --- a/1pe/04/07.md +++ b/1pe/04/07.md @@ -7,4 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **The end of all things is coming** - "Soon God will change everything on earth." +* **be of sound mind, and be sober in your thinking** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Peter uses them to emphasize the need to think clearly about life since the end is near. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **your thinking** - The word "your" refers to all believers diff --git a/1sa/01/11.md b/1sa/01/11.md index 107bbf2ac..d119fb6b5 100644 --- a/1sa/01/11.md +++ b/1sa/01/11.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Hannah's prayer to Yahweh continues -* **affliction of your servant** - affliction of your servant- This refers to Hannah being unable to become pregnant. +* **affliction of your servant** - This refers to Hannah being unable to become pregnant. * **call me to mind** - This is a special plea to God to take action on Hannah's behalf. Not to be mistaken with God not knowing or being aware of Hannah's situation. * ** do not forget your servant** - Hannah is repeating her plea for God not to ignore her request but to intervene in her life. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/1sa/01/26.md b/1sa/01/26.md index bbdede9f3..6421bda05 100644 --- a/1sa/01/26.md +++ b/1sa/01/26.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Oh, my lord! As your soul lives, my lord** - AT: "Sir, what I am going to tell you is certainly true" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **\v 26 She said, "Oh, my master! As you live, my master** - AT: "Sir, what I am going to tell you is certainly true" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **my petition** - AT: "my deeply desired prayer" diff --git a/1sa/02/01.md b/1sa/02/01.md index 6c776ec56..45db46bd7 100644 --- a/1sa/02/01.md +++ b/1sa/02/01.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:exalt]] +* [[en:tw:exult]] * [[en:tw:hannah]] * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:pray]] diff --git a/1sa/02/02.md b/1sa/02/02.md index 5b0c724d8..88046fed5 100644 --- a/1sa/02/02.md +++ b/1sa/02/02.md @@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes +* Hannah continues praying to Yahweh. * **There is no rock like our God** - This is another way of saying that God is strong and faithful. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/1sa/02/08.md b/1sa/02/08.md index d4cefebfb..5c7a5e3ef 100644 --- a/1sa/02/08.md +++ b/1sa/02/08.md @@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He raises up the poor out of the dust; he lifts the needy from the dunghill** - He raises up the poor out of the dust; he lifts the needy from the dunghill and -* **to make them sit with princes and inherit the seat of honor** - Each of these phrases expresses the same idea in two different ways. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **He raises up the poor out of the dust; he lifts the needy from the dunghill** - Each of these phrases expresses the same idea in two different ways. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **out of the dust** - AT: "from off of the ground." This is another way of saying from poverty. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **from the dunghill** - AT: "from the place where dung is taken outside of the city." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/1sa/02/10.md b/1sa/02/10.md index 6432f7c00..66113dc69 100644 --- a/1sa/02/10.md +++ b/1sa/02/10.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **broken to pieces** - AT: "defeated." See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **the ends of the earth** - AT: "the whole earth." See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **he will give strength to his king and exalt the horn of his anointed** - he will give strength to his king and exalt the horn of his anointed This is saying the same thought in two different ways to emphasize that he will certainly do it. See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **he will give strength to his king and exalt the horn of his anointed** - This is saying the same thought in two different ways to emphasize that he will certainly do it. See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **horn** - This is a musical instrument that is a symbol for strength. diff --git a/1sa/17/55.md b/1sa/17/55.md index db5723878..9104cebb1 100644 --- a/1sa/17/55.md +++ b/1sa/17/55.md @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ ## translationNotes -* **As your soul lives** - AT: "As sure as you are alive" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **I cannot tell** - AT: "I do not know" diff --git a/1sa/18/01.md b/1sa/18/01.md index 9be807b50..2494d6cb8 100644 --- a/1sa/18/01.md +++ b/1sa/18/01.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the soul of Jonathan was closely bound to the soul of David** - AT: "Jonathan committed himself to David" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the soul of Jonathan was bound to the soul of David** - AT: "Jonathan committed himself to David" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **and Jonathan loved him as his own soul** - Here "loved" refers to the love between friends, not romantic love. AT: "and Jonathan loved David as much as he loved himself" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/1sa/18/17.md b/1sa/18/17.md index 7c561f3eb..11de5fac7 100644 --- a/1sa/18/17.md +++ b/1sa/18/17.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **Let not my hand be on him, but let the hand of the Philistines be on him** - AT: "I will not harm him, but I will let the Philistines harm him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Who am I, and what is my life, or my father’s family in Israel...to the king?** - AT: "I am nobody and neither my life nor my father's family is important enough in Israel...to the king." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **be son-in-law to the king** - AT: "be husband of the king's daughter" +* **be son-in-law to the king** - in-law to the king** - AT: "be husband of the king's daughter" diff --git a/1sa/18/20.md b/1sa/18/20.md index f4300b927..c21582c3b 100644 --- a/1sa/18/20.md +++ b/1sa/18/20.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * **Michal ... loved David** - Here "loved" means she had romantic feelings for David. * **They told Saul** - Here the word "they" refers to people who found out about Michal's feelings, not to David and Michal. * **the hand of the Philistines** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:1sa:18:17]]. -* **You will be my son-in-law** - AT: "You will be the husband of my daughter" +* **You will be my son-in-law** - in-law** - AT: "You will be the husband of my daughter" diff --git a/1sa/18/23.md b/1sa/18/23.md index d3506c93b..78ca5d9f6 100644 --- a/1sa/18/23.md +++ b/1sa/18/23.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Is it a small matter to you to be the king’s son-in-law, since I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed?** - AT: "It is no small matter to be the king's son-in-law, and I am too poor and unimportant for that." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Is it a small matter to you to be the king’s son-in-law, since I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed?** - in-law, since I am a poor man, and lightly esteemed?** - AT: "It is no small matter to be the king's son-in-law, and I am too poor and unimportant for that." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/1sa/18/25.md b/1sa/18/25.md index 77c25c0f1..37b0ec05b 100644 --- a/1sa/18/25.md +++ b/1sa/18/25.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **The king does not desire any dowry, only one hundred foreskins** - AT: "The king does not desire any bride price; he desires only that you bring to him 100 foreskins" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **one hundred foreskins** - The word "foreskin" refers to the fold of skin that covers the end of the penis. +* **foreskins** - The word "foreskin" refers to the fold of skin on a man's private parts that is removed during circumcision. * **to be avenged from the king’s enemies** - AT: "to get revenge on the king's enemies" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines** - Here "fall" means to die. AT: "to have the Philistines kill David" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]], [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/1sa/21/01.md b/1sa/21/01.md index 4f0f8574e..f21c2554a 100644 --- a/1sa/21/01.md +++ b/1sa/21/01.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **trembling** - generally a physical shaking resulting from fear or anxiety -* **has sent me on a mission** - AT: "has given me the responsibility to do something" +* **has charged me with a matter** - AT: "has given me the responsibility to complete a task" diff --git a/1sa/21/08.md b/1sa/21/08.md index 079dc4689..fce771ab1 100644 --- a/1sa/21/08.md +++ b/1sa/21/08.md @@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now is there not here on hand any spear or sword?** - AT: "Is a spear or sword available?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **weapons** - the name for the category of deadly arms: swords, knives, spears, etc. * **Valley of Elah** - This is the name of a place in Israel. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/1sa/21/14.md b/1sa/21/14.md index c6fc69f30..44ce46d16 100644 --- a/1sa/21/14.md +++ b/1sa/21/14.md @@ -5,6 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the man is mad** - "the man is crazy" -* **Do I lack madmen, so that you have brought this fellow to behave like one in my presence? Will this fellow really come into my house?** - Achish asks these questions to express his negative feelings. AT: "There are enough madmen here. David will not enter my house." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **madman** - someone who acts in an uncontrollable way +* **Do I lack madmen, so that you have brought this fellow to behave like one in my presence?** - AT: "Did you bring this insane man to me because I do not have other insane people around me?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Will this fellow really come into my house?** - AT: "I will not allow David to enter my house." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/1sa/22/16.md b/1sa/22/16.md index 80ef8a5a7..f34b5b50b 100644 --- a/1sa/22/16.md +++ b/1sa/22/16.md @@ -1,16 +1,19 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:david]] * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:father]] * [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:house]] +* [[en:tw:king]] +* [[en:tw:priest]] * [[en:tw:reveal]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:turn]] +* [[en:tw:yahweh]] ## translationNotes -* **the king** - "Saul" * **the guard that stood around him** - "the military men standing nearby to protect him" -* **their hand also is with David** - This means the priests are loyal to David. AT: "they plot with David against me" or "they are on David's side" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **would not put out their hand to kill the priests** - This means they stayed still and refused to obey Saul. AT: "did not move to kill the priests" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **their hand also is with David** - AT: "they plot with David against me" or "they are loyal to David" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **would not put out their hand to kill the priests** - This means they refused to obey Saul. AT: "did not move to kill the priests" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/1th/01/04.md b/1th/01/04.md index 62023941e..064380d0f 100644 --- a/1th/01/04.md +++ b/1th/01/04.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Brothers - ** - "Fellow believers" +* **Brothers - ** - **"Fellow believers" * **we know your calling** - "we know that God chose you to become his people" (UDB), or "we know that God chose you to serve him in a special way." * **we know** - The word "we" refers to Paul, Silvanus and Timothy but not the Thessalonian believers. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **but also in power, in the Holy Spirit** - Possible meanings are 1) "Paul and his companions preach powerfully by being enabled by the Holy Spirit" or 2) "The Gospel has a powerful effect on the believers through the conviction work of the Holy Spirit." diff --git a/1th/01/08.md b/1th/01/08.md index 8b9749882..0acf07ea3 100644 --- a/1th/01/08.md +++ b/1th/01/08.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ * **Achaia** - This is an ancient district in what is now present day Greece. * **in every place** - "in many places throughout the region" * **For they themselves** - Paul is referring to the churches that already existed in the surrounding regions who have heard about the Thessalonians believers. -* **they themselves** - they themselves "themselves" is added for emphasis. +* **they themselves** - "themselves" is added for emphasis. * **what kinds of reception we had with you** - "how warmly you welcomed us" (UDB) * **his Son from heaven** - "God's son from heaven" * **whom he raised** - "whom God raised" diff --git a/1th/02/07.md b/1th/02/07.md index f7d098cd5..e902b608d 100644 --- a/1th/02/07.md +++ b/1th/02/07.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * **as when a mother comforts her child** - Just as a mother gently comforts her children, so Paul, Silvanus and Timothy spoke gently to the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **we had affection for you** - "we loved you" * **you had become very dear to us** - "we cared for you deeply" -* **our labor and toil** - "labor" and 'toil' are similar words that express working diligently and well. "our efforts" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **our labor and toil** - The words "labor" and 'toil' mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize how hard they worked. AT: "how hard we worked" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **we worked night and day that we might not be a burden to any of you** - "we worked hard to make our own living so you would not need to support us" diff --git a/1th/02/10.md b/1th/02/10.md index 297f789b5..86422a7d4 100644 --- a/1th/02/10.md +++ b/1th/02/10.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:believe]] * [[en:tw:blameless]] +* [[en:tw:call]] * [[en:tw:exhort]] * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:god]] @@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **holy, righteously, and blamelessly** - "righteously" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **holy, righteously, and blamelessly** - Paul uses three words that mean basically the same thing to emphasize that they behaved in a very good way. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **father with his own children** - Paul compares just as a father teaches his children how to behave, they also exhorted and encouraged the believers to walk in a manner that is worthy of God. -* **who calls you** - "who chose you" +* **we exhorted and encouraged you** - The words "exhorted" and "encouraged" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize how passionately they encouraged the Thessalonians. AT: "we strongly encouraged you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **to his own kingdom and glory** - The word "glory" describes the word "kingdom." AT: "to his own glorious kingdom" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) diff --git a/1th/03/06.md b/1th/03/06.md index efdf652f2..c2b700934 100644 --- a/1th/03/06.md +++ b/1th/03/06.md @@ -13,3 +13,4 @@ * **you always have good memories** - "you frequently have good memories" * **you long to see us** - "you desire to see us" * **through your faith** - "through your faith in Christ" or Through you ongoing belief in Christ". (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **in all our distress and affliction** - The word "affliction" explains why they are in "distress." AT: "in all our distress caused by how people afflict us" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/1th/03/11.md b/1th/03/11.md index bf2a31bc9..698731fe8 100644 --- a/1th/03/11.md +++ b/1th/03/11.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **May our God** - "We pray that our God" * **May our God and...and our Lord Jesus** - The word "our" is including the Thessalonian believers with Paul's company. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **Father himself** - the "himself" referring back to the "Father" is for emphasis. -* **direct our way to you** - direct our way to you Paul is excluding the Thessalonians with the use of "our". (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **direct our way to you** - Paul is excluding the Thessalonians with the use of "our". (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **we also do** - The pronoun "we" refers to Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy but not the Thessalonians. * **May he do** - "We pray that God will do" * **at the coming of our Lord Jesus** - "when Jesus comes back to earth" diff --git a/1th/04/01.md b/1th/04/01.md index 56169afa7..15582b411 100644 --- a/1th/04/01.md +++ b/1th/04/01.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we encourage** - "we" refers to Paul, Timothy and Silvanus but not the Thessalonians. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **we encourage and exhort you** - Here the word "we" refers to Paul, Timothy and Silvanus but not the Thessalonians. The words "encourage" and "exhort" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize how strongly they encourage them. AT: "we strongly encourage you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **you received instructions from** - "you were taught by" * **you must walk** - "Walk" is an expression for the way one is to live. Alternate Translation: "you ought to live." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/1th/05/04.md b/1th/05/04.md index 36342e9cc..f5618b3a2 100644 --- a/1th/05/04.md +++ b/1th/05/04.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **for that day to overtake you like a thief** - For the day when the Lord comes will not surprise you like a thief surprises his victim. TA: "to catch you unprepared" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **you are all sons of the light...not sons of the night** - "sons of the light" refers to followers of Christ and "sons of the night" refers to all others who follow the world. * **let us not sleep as the rest do** - Paul equates sleeping to not being aware that Jesus will return to Judge the world. TA: "Let us not be like others who are not aware of Jesus coming back." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **let us ** - let us "us" refers to Paul and the Thessalonians. (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **let us ** - "us" refers to Paul and the Thessalonians. (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **keep watch and be sober** - We are to be alert to Christ's return and be self-controlled. * **For those who sleep do so at night** - Just as it is at night when people sleep and do not know what is happening, so it is with the world and they do not know that Christ will return. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **those who get drunk do so at night** - Paul is equating that it is at night when people become drunk, so when people are unaware of Christ's return they do not live a self-controlled life. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/1th/05/08.md b/1th/05/08.md index b13354f91..d36d8557f 100644 --- a/1th/05/08.md +++ b/1th/05/08.md @@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ * **put on the breastplate of** - As a soldier would put on a breastplate to protect his body, a believer who lives by faith and love will find protection. AT: "protect ourselves with" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **for a helmet** - As a helmet protects a soldier's head so does assurance of salvation protect the believer. AT: "and know" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **but for the obtainment of salvation** - "but to receive salvation" -* **whether we are awake or asleep** - "Wether we are alive or dead" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **whether we are awake or asleep** - "whether we are alive or dead" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **build each other up** - "encourage each other" diff --git a/1ti/01/01.md b/1ti/01/01.md index 87f5ef53b..00bd12df4 100644 --- a/1ti/01/01.md +++ b/1ti/01/01.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ * **God our savior** - "God who saved us." * **Christ Jesus our hope** - "Christ Jesus, who is our hope" or "Christ Jesus in whom we put our confidence about the future." * **To Timothy** - "This letter is for Timothy." -* **true son ** - true son - This phrase compares the close relationship between Timothy and Paul to that of a father and a son. Timothy was not Paul's actual son, but he gave Paul the same level of honor, obedience, and service that any son could give his father. AT: “You are like a real son to me” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **true son ** - This phrase compares the close relationship between Timothy and Paul to that of a father and a son. Timothy was not Paul's actual son, but he gave Paul the same level of honor, obedience, and service that any son could give his father. AT: “You are like a real son to me” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Grace, mercy and peace from** - "May grace, mercy and peace be yours from," or "May you experience, kindness, mercy and peace within from." * **God our Father ** - "God, who is our Father." * **and Christ Jesus our Lord** - "and Christ Jesus, who is our Lord." diff --git a/1ti/01/03.md b/1ti/01/03.md index ba24ec524..4fb57ba7e 100644 --- a/1ti/01/03.md +++ b/1ti/01/03.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I urged you ** - I urged you - "As I pleaded with you," or "As I asked you with authority," or "I told you." +* **I urged you ** - "As I pleaded with you," or "As I asked you with authority," or "I told you." * **you** - singular (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **remain in Ephesus ** - remain in Ephesus - "wait for me there in the city of Ephesus" +* **remain in Ephesus ** - "wait for me there in the city of Ephesus" * **Neither should they pay attention** - "Nor should they give close attention" or "Also command them not to pay attention" * **genealogies** - A genealogy is the written or verbal record of a person's parents and ancestors. These were very important in Jewish culture as they established which tribe one was in within the people of Israel. Matthew 1 and Luke 3 are good biblical examples. * **which cause arguments** - "which make people angrily disagree." The people debate about stories and genealogies about which no one can know the truth for certain. diff --git a/1ti/01/05.md b/1ti/01/05.md index 8155f1112..c0b58a82f 100644 --- a/1ti/01/05.md +++ b/1ti/01/05.md @@ -13,14 +13,14 @@ ## translationNotes * **the goal of the commandment** - "the aim of the instruction" or "what we apostles are telling you to do" -* **commandment** - or "order" +* **commandment** - or "order. Here this does not mean the Old Testament or the Ten commandments but rather the charge given in 1:3 by Paul. * **love** - Possible meanings are 1) love for God (UDB) or 2) love for one's neighbor. * **from a pure heart** - "desiring to have no sin in anything you do." -* **good conscience ** - good conscience - "a conscience that has chosen right over wrong" or "a conscience that can choose right over wrong" +* **good conscience ** - "a conscience that has chosen right over wrong" or "a conscience that can choose right over wrong" * **sincere** - "honest" or "true" or "without hypocrisy." This is the negative of the word for an actor on a stage: * **law** - The Law of Moses is meant. -* **but they do not understand ** - but they do not understand - "even though they do not understand," or "and yet they do not understand." +* **but they do not understand ** - "even though they do not understand," or "and yet they do not understand." * **what they insist on** - "what they strongly say" or "what they state with confidence" * **But** - "Now" -* **we know that the law is good ** - we know that the law is good - "we understand that the law is useful" or "we understand that the law is beneficial" -* **if one uses it lawfully ** - if one uses it lawfully - "if anyone uses it correctly" or "if anyone uses it the way it is intended for" +* **we know that the law is good ** - "we understand that the law is useful" or "we understand that the law is beneficial" +* **if one uses it lawfully ** - "if anyone uses it correctly" or "if anyone uses it the way it is intended for" diff --git a/1ti/01/09.md b/1ti/01/09.md index d8e99a95c..023666836 100644 --- a/1ti/01/09.md +++ b/1ti/01/09.md @@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ * **And we know this** - "That is, we understand this or "Because we realize this" or "We also know this" * **not made for a righteous man** - "not given for a righteous person" or "not given to a person who obeys it" or "not given to a person who is righteous before God" * **for those who kill their fathers and mothers** - "murderers of their fathers and also murderers of their mothers" or "those who physically hurt their fathers and mothers" -* **sexually immoral people** - This is literally the masculine form of the word for female sex worker (prostitute). In other places it is used as a metaphor for people unfaithful to God, but in this case the meaning seems to be extended to include anyone involved in sexual relations outside of marriage. -* **homosexuals** - "men who have sex with men." The word in Greek is specific to a man who has sex with another man. +* **sexually immoral people** - This is literally the masculine form of the word for female prostitute. In other places it is used as a metaphor for people unfaithful to God, but in this case the meaning seems to be extended to include anyone who sleeps with someone outside of marriage. +* **homosexuals** - "men who sleep with other men." The word in Greek is specific to a man who sleeps with with another man. * **those who kidnap people for slaves** - "those who kidnap people to sell as slaves" or "those who take people to sell as slaves" * **sound doctrine** - "correct teachings" or "instructions that are true" * **the glorious gospel of the blessed God** - "the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God" or "the gospel of the glorious and blessed God" diff --git a/1ti/01/12.md b/1ti/01/12.md index 87908f60f..f2b12ceef 100644 --- a/1ti/01/12.md +++ b/1ti/01/12.md @@ -6,19 +6,19 @@ * [[en:tw:faithful]] * [[en:tw:grace]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:love]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] * [[en:tw:persecute]] ## translationNotes -* **And I thank ** - And I thank - "I am grateful" or "I am thankful" +* **And I thank ** - "I am grateful" or "I am thankful" * **he considered me faithful** - "he considered me trustworthy" or "'he thought I would be reliable" -* **and placed me into service ** - and placed me into service - "so he appointed me to the ministry" or "since he put me in a position to serve" -* **me, a former blasphemer ** - me, a former blasphemer - "even though I spoke evil against Christ" or "someone who was a blasphemer in the past" +* **and placed me into service ** - "so he appointed me to the ministry" or "since he put me in a position to serve" +* **me, a former blasphemer ** - "even though I spoke evil against Christ" or "someone who was a blasphemer in the past" * **violent man** - "a person who hurts others." This is a person who believes that he has the right to hurt others. -* **But I received mercy ** - But I received mercy - "yet I received mercy from God" or "yet God showed his mercy on me" -* **because I acted ignorantly in unbelief ** - because I acted ignorantly in unbelief - explanation +* **But I received mercy ** - "yet I received mercy from God" or "yet God showed his mercy on me" +* **because I acted ignorantly in unbelief ** - explanation * **But** - "And" * **overflowed with faith and love** - "was in great abundance" or "was more than enough" diff --git a/1ti/01/15.md b/1ti/01/15.md index 7ac104d03..58af911b5 100644 --- a/1ti/01/15.md +++ b/1ti/01/15.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This message is reliable ** - This message is reliable - "This statement is true" -* **worthy of all acceptance ** - worthy of all acceptance - "can be received without any doubt" or "deserve to be accepted with full confidence" -* **I was first given mercy ** - I was first given mercy - "God showed me mercy first" or "I obtained mercy from God first" +* **This message is reliable ** - "This statement is true" +* **worthy of all acceptance ** - "can be received without any doubt" or "deserve to be accepted with full confidence" +* **I was first given mercy ** - "God showed me mercy first" or "I obtained mercy from God first" * **the king of the ages** - "the eternal king" or 'the chief ruler forever." * **be honor and glory** - may He be honored and given glory" or "may people honor and give glory to you" diff --git a/1ti/01/18.md b/1ti/01/18.md index d47f7c26c..a3f20c845 100644 --- a/1ti/01/18.md +++ b/1ti/01/18.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I set this command before you ** - I set this command before you - "This command I give to you"" or "This command I entrust to you" +* **I set this command before you ** - "This command I give to you"" or "This command I entrust to you" * **child** - This is a more general word than //son// or //daughter//, but it still denotes kinship with the father. Paul uses this as a metaphor for his love for Timothy. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **engage in the good fight** - "participate in a struggle that is worth the effort" or "work hard to defeat enemies." This is a metaphor that means "work hard for the Lord" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **have been shipwrecked in respect to the faith** - Paul uses another metaphor to compare the condition of their faith to a ship that has been wrecked on the rocks. The metaphor means "what has happened to their faith is a disaster" (UDB). You should use this or a similar metaphor if it will be understood in your language. diff --git a/1ti/02/01.md b/1ti/02/01.md index baf8f43b2..4a9abe2fa 100644 --- a/1ti/02/01.md +++ b/1ti/02/01.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **first of all** - "most important" or "before anything else." It is the practice of prayer (making requests, prayers, intercessions and thanksgivings) that is most important. Paul is not saying that he urges first, nor that it be first all men for whom believers pray. -* **I urge ** - I urge - "I plead" or 'I ask" +* **first of all** - "most important" or "before anything else." It is the practice of prayer (making requests, prayers, intercessions and thanksgivings) that is most important. Paul is not saying that he urges first, nor that it be first all men for whom believers pray. +* **I urge ** - "I plead" or 'I ask" * **dignity** - "in a way for which people will respect us." When paired with godliness, it means "in a way for which other people will honor God and respect us." diff --git a/1ti/02/05.md b/1ti/02/05.md index 0f9efc94a..65cba90fd 100644 --- a/1ti/02/05.md +++ b/1ti/02/05.md @@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ * **one mediator between God and man** - A mediator is a person who helps negotiate a peaceful settlement by two parties who do not agree with each other. It is here used for Jesus who helps sinners to enter into a peaceful relationship with God. * **gave himself** - "died willingly" -* **as a ransom ** - as a ransom - "as a price of freedom" or "as a payment to obtain freedom" -* **the testimony at the right time ** - the testimony at the right time - "this is his testimony at the right time" or "the testimony during these times" +* **as a ransom ** - "as a price of freedom" or "as a payment to obtain freedom" +* **the testimony at the right time ** - "this is his testimony at the right time" or "the testimony during these times" * **For this purpose** - "For this" or "For this reason" or "For this testimony" -* **was made a herald ** - was made a herald - "was appointed a preacher" or "was appointed by Christ to be a preacher" -* **I speak truth ** - I speak truth - "I am saying the truth" or "I am telling the truth" +* **was made a herald ** - "was appointed a preacher" or "was appointed by Christ to be a preacher" +* **I speak truth ** - "I am saying the truth" or "I am telling the truth" * **I do not lie** - "I am not lying" -* **in faith and truth ** - in faith and truth - "about faith and truth" or "with faith and truth" +* **in faith and truth ** - "about faith and truth" or "with faith and truth" diff --git a/1ti/02/08.md b/1ti/02/08.md index a5ae9afb4..f851b2cee 100644 --- a/1ti/02/08.md +++ b/1ti/02/08.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **men in every place ** - men in every place - "the males in all places" or "the males everywhere." -* **and to lift up ** - and to lift up - "by lifting up" or "by raising" -* **holy hands ** - holy hands - "hands that are set apart for God." This is a metonym for a person who avoids sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **without wrath and doubts ** - without wrath and doubts - "without expressing anger towards another and disputing with others" or "without expressing anger towards others and doubting God" +* **men in every place ** - "the males in all places" or "the males everywhere." +* **and to lift up ** - "by lifting up" or "by raising" +* **holy hands ** - "hands that are set apart for God." This is a metonym for a person who avoids sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **without wrath and doubts ** - "without expressing anger towards another and disputing with others" or "without expressing anger towards others and doubting God" * **with modesty** - "in a way that does not call the wrong type of attention to them" or "in a way that shows proper respect for people and God" * **with braided hair** - "working hard to make their hair look good" * **profess godliness through good works** - "want to show that they belong to God by the good things they do" diff --git a/1ti/02/11.md b/1ti/02/11.md index f9ae2d56c..53a8bd2b0 100644 --- a/1ti/02/11.md +++ b/1ti/02/11.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **A woman should learn ** - A woman should learn - "Let a woman learn" or "A woman must learn" -* **in silence ** - in silence - "in quietness" or "in quiet behavior" +* **A woman should learn ** - "Let a woman learn" or "A woman must learn" +* **in silence ** - "in quietness" or "in quiet behavior" * **in all compliance** - "ready to obey everything God commands" -* **I do not permit a woman ** - I do not permit a woman - "And I do not allow a woman" +* **I do not permit a woman ** - "And I do not allow a woman" diff --git a/1ti/02/13.md b/1ti/02/13.md index f6f093fc4..d1d53e693 100644 --- a/1ti/02/13.md +++ b/1ti/02/13.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Adam was formed first** - "Adam is the one God formed first" or "Adam was created first by God" -* **then Eve ** - then Eve - "then Eve was created" or "next was Eve" +* **then Eve ** - "then Eve was created" or "next was Eve" * **And Adam was not deceived** - "And Adam was not the one deceived by the snake" * **became completely deceived in transgression** - "disobeyed God's command, having been completely deceived." The main point of the clause is that it was Eve, not Adam, who (first) disobeyed God's law. She sinned because she had been completely deceived. * **she will be saved through bearing children** - "God will keep her safe through the normal course of life." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/1ti/03/01.md b/1ti/03/01.md index 0dcd9c1df..46510be40 100644 --- a/1ti/03/01.md +++ b/1ti/03/01.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **husband of one wife** - This phrase means “a one-woman man.” It is normally translated as “must have only one wife” (UDB). It is debated as to whether this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or single men. +* **husband of one wife** - A man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or never married. * **moderate** - "does nothing to excess" * **sensible** - "one who thinks in wise ways" or “one who uses sound judgment” or “reasonable” or “rational” or “intelligent” * **orderly** - "behaves well" diff --git a/1ti/03/04.md b/1ti/03/04.md index 57c1c33a3..5d4ed09c4 100644 --- a/1ti/03/04.md +++ b/1ti/03/04.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **manage his own household well, and his children should obey him with all respect** - Possible meanings are 1) as the overseer's children submit to him they will respect other people (UDB) or 2) the overseer is to respect his family as he manages it. * **manage his own household** - "take care of his family" or "guide the people who live in his house" * **with all respect** - The all could refer to "all people" or "at all times" or "in all circumstances." -* **for if a man does not know ** - for if a man does not know - "but if a man does not know" or "for when a man cannot" or "but assuming a man cannot" -* **how will he care for a church of God** - This is a rhetorical question which can be translated as "he cannot take care of the church of God" or "he will not be able to lead a church of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **for if a man does not know ** - "but if a man does not know" or "for when a man cannot" or "but assuming a man cannot" +* **how will he care for a church of God** - AT: "he cannot take care of the church of God" or "he will not be able to lead a church of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/1ti/03/06.md b/1ti/03/06.md index b7a545138..cdf1d20bc 100644 --- a/1ti/03/06.md +++ b/1ti/03/06.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **He should not be a new convert** - "he should not be a new believer" or "he should not be someone who became a believer a short time ago" or "he must be a mature believer" -* **and fall into condemnation like the devil ** - and fall into condemnation like the devil - “become proud like the devil did and because of that be condemned as the devil was" +* **and fall into condemnation like the devil ** - “become proud like the devil did and because of that be condemned as the devil was" * **He must also have a good reputation with those outside** - "It is necessary that those who do not believe in Jesus think well of him" or "Those outside of the church must also think well of him" (UDB) * **fall into disgrace** - "bring shame upon himself" or "give anyone reason to disapprove of him” (See: [[en:obe:other:reproach]]) * **fall into ... the trap of the devil** - "allow the devil to trap him." Satan setting a trap or snare is a metaphor for Satan tricking a believer into unknowingly committing sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/1ti/03/08.md b/1ti/03/08.md index 3879b6c0c..b00dbe672 100644 --- a/1ti/03/08.md +++ b/1ti/03/08.md @@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Deacons, likewise ** - Deacons, likewise - "There are requirements for overseers, there are requirements for deacons too" -* **should be dignified ** - should be dignified - "should be worthy of respect" -* **not double-talkers ** - not double-talkers - "not saying one thing but meaning another thing" or "not saying one thing to one person and saying something different to another" +* **Deacons, likewise ** - "There are requirements for overseers, there are requirements for deacons too" +* **should be dignified ** - "should be worthy of respect" +* **not double-talkers ** - talkers **- "not saying one thing but meaning another thing" or "not saying one thing to one person and saying something different to another" * **not drinking too much wine** - "not addicted to much wine" or "not devoted to much wine" * **not greedy** - "not looking for dishonest gain" -* **They should keep the revealed truth of the faith ** - They should keep the revealed truth of the faith - "They must continue to believe the true message God revealed to us and that we believe." This refers to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was showing to them at that moment. -* **with a clean conscience ** - with a clean conscience - "with a conscience that knows they have done nothing wrong" -* **They should ... be approved first ** - They should ... be approved first - "They should be evaluated to determine if they are fit to serve" or "They should prove themselves first" -* **because they are above reproach ** - because they are above reproach - "if no one can find anything wrong with them" or “because they are blameless” or “since they have done nothing wrong.” +* **They should keep the revealed truth of the faith ** - "They must continue to believe the true message God revealed to us and that we believe." This refers to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was showing to them at that moment. +* **with a clean conscience ** - "with a conscience that knows they have done nothing wrong" +* **They should ... be approved first ** - "They should be evaluated to determine if they are fit to serve" or "They should prove themselves first" +* **because they are above reproach ** - "if no one can find anything wrong with them" or “because they are blameless” or “since they have done nothing wrong.” diff --git a/1ti/03/11.md b/1ti/03/11.md index e27d4a278..8e6d4f6ce 100644 --- a/1ti/03/11.md +++ b/1ti/03/11.md @@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Women in the same way ** - Women in the same way - "Wives, likewise have requirements" or "deaconesses, there are requirements like deacons." The general term women may apply to women in general, but it seems to apply to deacons' wives or female deacons here because the preceding and following verses clearly speak about deacons. -* **be dignified ** - be dignified - "act properly" -* **not slanderers ** - not slanderers - "they must not speak evil about other people" -* **moderate ** - moderate - "they must not do anything to excess" -* **husbands of one wife ** - husbands of one wife - This phrase means "one-woman men." It can be translated as "each man having one wife only." This is debated whether this excludes men who have been widowed or divorced or single men. +* **Women in the same way ** - "Wives, likewise have requirements" or "deaconesses, there are requirements like deacons." The general term women may apply to women in general, but it seems to apply to deacons' wives or female deacons here because the preceding and following verses clearly speak about deacons. +* **be dignified ** - "act properly" +* **not slanderers ** - "they must not speak evil about other people" +* **moderate ** - "they must not do anything to excess" +* **husbands of one wife ** - A man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or never married. * **manage well their children and home** - "properly take care of and lead their children and others who live in their houses" -* **For those ** - For those - "For those deacons" or "For those bishops, deacons, and deaconesses" or "For these church leaders" -* **acquire for themselves ** - acquire for themselves - "receive for themselves" or "gain for themselves" +* **For those ** - "For those deacons" or "For those bishops, deacons, and deaconesses" or "For these church leaders" +* **acquire for themselves ** - "receive for themselves" or "gain for themselves" * **a sure basis** - Possible meanings are 1) a reputation within the Church or 2) a standing before God or 3) a promotion in rank in the Church, e.g., to the standing of bishop. -* **acquire … much boldness in faith** - acquire … much boldness in faith- "gain … great courage to speak about their faith" or "become confident that what they believe is true" or "become confident before men and God because they know what they believe is true" or "acquire … great courage to speak about what they believe in" +* **acquire … much boldness in faith** - "gain … great courage to speak about their faith" or "become confident that what they believe is true" or "become confident before men and God because they know what they believe is true" or "acquire … great courage to speak about what they believe in" diff --git a/1ti/03/14.md b/1ti/03/14.md index b054f4d58..30e9ac450 100644 --- a/1ti/03/14.md +++ b/1ti/03/14.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I write to you these things ** - I write to you these things - "I write these instructions to you" -* **and I hope to come to you soon ** - and I hope to come to you soon - "although I hope to come to you very soon" -* **but if I delay ** - but if I delay - "but in case I cannot make it there soon" or "but if something prevents me for being there soon" -* **I write so that ** - I write so that - "I write for the purpose that" +* **I write to you these things ** - "I write these instructions to you" +* **and I hope to come to you soon ** - "although I hope to come to you very soon" +* **but if I delay ** - "but in case I cannot make it there soon" or "but if something prevents me for being there soon" +* **I write so that ** - "I write for the purpose that" * **the house of God ... must be guided** - "how you must guide the family of God" * **pillar and support of the truth** - The metaphor is of a large, strong platform on which God displays the truth. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) The platform in turn is expressed as a synecdoche of its parts, the base and the upright. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/1ti/03/16.md b/1ti/03/16.md index 042fc171c..520d05b56 100644 --- a/1ti/03/16.md +++ b/1ti/03/16.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And together we agree ** - And together we agree - "And beyond all questions" or "And without any doubt." What follows was probably a song, poem, or creed that the early church used to list important doctrines that all believers shared. +* **And together we agree ** - "And beyond all questions" or "And without any doubt." What follows was probably a song, poem, or creed that the early church used to list important doctrines that all believers shared. * **in the flesh** - "as a true human being" * **Great is the revealed truth of godliness** - "The truth that God has revealed to us about how to live godly lives is great" * **Was justified by the Spirit** - "the Holy Spirit confirmed Jesus was who He said He was" diff --git a/1ti/04/01.md b/1ti/04/01.md index 8952d8a29..00df3ff5a 100644 --- a/1ti/04/01.md +++ b/1ti/04/01.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ * [[en:tw:conscience]] * [[en:tw:demon]] -* [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:hypocrite]] diff --git a/1ti/04/03.md b/1ti/04/03.md index 2a1dccc62..db45f3846 100644 --- a/1ti/04/03.md +++ b/1ti/04/03.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **They will ** - They will - "These people will" -* **forbid to marry ** - forbid to marry - "forbid believers to marry" or "prevent believers from marrying" +* **They will ** - "These people will" +* **forbid to marry ** - "forbid believers to marry" or "prevent believers from marrying" * **forbid ... to receive foods** - "require people ... to abstain from foods" or "stop people ... from eating foods" or "not allow people ... to eat certain foods." The "people" here are probably "believers" (UDB). -* **believers who came to know the truth ** - believers who came to know the truth - "believers who know the truth" or "believers who have learned the truth" +* **believers who came to know the truth ** - "believers who know the truth" or "believers who have learned the truth" * **nothing that we take with thanksgiving is rejected** - "we do not throw away anything we thank God for" or "we do not disapprove of anything we thank God for" or “everything that we eat with thanksgiving is acceptable” * **it is consecrated through the word of God and prayer** - "we have set it apart for God's use by obeying God's Word and praying to him" or "we have set it apart for God's use by a prayer that agrees with the truth God has revealed" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) diff --git a/1ti/04/06.md b/1ti/04/06.md index 3e8432fe6..3f9b81de5 100644 --- a/1ti/04/06.md +++ b/1ti/04/06.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * **place these things before** - "put these thoughts in the believers' minds" or "help the believers remember these words." The "thoughts" and "words" refer to all the teachings from [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:03:16]] to [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:04:03]]. * **nourished** - "trained" (UDB). God was making Timothy stronger and teaching Timothy to do what pleases God. * **words of faith** - "words that cause people to believe" -* **profane stories loved by old women** - "profane and old-womanish myths." The word for stories is the same as for "myths" in [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:01:03]], so you should translate it the same here. The reference to old women is probably a metaphor for "silly" or "absurd." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) Paul is not purposely insulting women in his reference to “old women.” Instead, he and his audience knew that men die younger than women, so there are more women than men whose minds have become feeble due to old age. +* **profane stories loved by old women** - "profane and old-womanish myths." The word for stories is the same as for "myths" in [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:01:03]], so you should translate it the same here. The reference to old women is probably a metaphor for "silly" or "absurd." Paul is not purposely insulting women in his reference to “old women.” Instead, he and his audience knew that men die younger than women, so there are more women than men whose minds have become feeble due to old age. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) * **train yourself in godliness** - "train yourself to be more godly" or "train yourself to act in ways that please God" or "work hard to become more godly" * **body training** - "physical exercise" * **holds promise for this life** - "is beneficial to this life" or "helps to make this life better" diff --git a/1ti/04/09.md b/1ti/04/09.md index c36db49d8..1f6219dcc 100644 --- a/1ti/04/09.md +++ b/1ti/04/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **worth full acceptance** - "worthy of your complete belief" or "worthy of your full trust" * **For it is for this** - "This is the reason" -* **we struggle and work very hard** - "we fight and work very hard" or "we with our enemies and work very hard" +* **struggle and work very hard** - The words "struggle" and "work very hard" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how hard they work. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **we have confidence in the living God** - "we have put our hope on a living God" or "we have put our hope on the living God" * **but especially of believers** - "but he is especially the savior of those people who believe" diff --git a/1ti/04/11.md b/1ti/04/11.md index 3d299981d..9bb5484e1 100644 --- a/1ti/04/11.md +++ b/1ti/04/11.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Proclaim and teach these things ** - Proclaim and teach these things - "Command and teach these things" or "Command and teach these things I just mentioned" -* **Let no one think down at your young age ** - Let no one think down at your young age - "do not let anyone consider you less important because you are young" -* **attend to the reading ** - attend to the reading - "do the reading of Scriptures" or "continue to read the Word of God aloud in public" +* **Proclaim and teach these things ** - "Command and teach these things" or "Command and teach these things I just mentioned" +* **Let no one think down at your young age ** - "do not let anyone consider you less important because you are young" +* **attend to the reading ** - "do the reading of Scriptures" or "continue to read the Word of God aloud in public" * **attend to … the exhortation** - "exhort others" or "encourage others to apply God's Word in their lives" diff --git a/1ti/05/01.md b/1ti/05/01.md index 30ca17ac1..846ad595f 100644 --- a/1ti/05/01.md +++ b/1ti/05/01.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul was giving these commands to one person, Timothy. Languages that have different forms of “you” or different forms for commands would use the singular form. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Do not scold an older man ** - Do not scold an older man - "Do not speak harshly to an older man" -* **but exhort him as if he were a father ** - but exhort him as if he were a father - "but encourage him as you would speak to your father" +* **Do not scold an older man ** - "Do not speak harshly to an older man" +* **but exhort him as if he were a father ** - "but encourage him as you would speak to your father" * **exhort younger men as if they were brothers** - "encourage younger men as if they were your brothers" or "treat younger men as brothers" -* **Exhort older women as mothers ** - Exhort older women as mothers - "treat older women as if they were your mothers" or "encourage older women the way you would appeal to your mother" -* **younger women as sisters ** - younger women as sisters - "appeal to younger women the way you would appeal to your sisters" or "treat younger women like you would treat your sister" +* **Exhort older women as mothers ** - "treat older women as if they were your mothers" or "encourage older women the way you would appeal to your mother" +* **younger women as sisters ** - "appeal to younger women the way you would appeal to your sisters" or "treat younger women like you would treat your sister" * **in all purity** - "with pure thoughts and actions" or "in a holy way" diff --git a/1ti/05/03.md b/1ti/05/03.md index d780dcc4c..b9b1cc097 100644 --- a/1ti/05/03.md +++ b/1ti/05/03.md @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ ## translationNotes * **Honor** - "Respect and provide for" -* **widows, the real widows ** - widows, the real widows - "widows, widows who are in need" or "widows, widows with no one to provide for them" -* **but if a widow ** - but if a widow - "but when a widow" +* **widows, the real widows ** - "widows, widows who are in need" or "widows, widows with no one to provide for them" +* **but if a widow ** - "but when a widow" * **child** - "anyone she regards as her child" or "anyone who calls her mother" * **grandchildren** - "anyone she regards as her descendant" or "anyone who calls her mother or grandmother" -* **let them first ** - let them first - "first of all they should" or "let them make it a priority to" +* **let them first ** - "first of all they should" or "let them make it a priority to" * **learn to show honor** - "display their piety" or "display their godliness" or "prove their religion" or "learn to practice their duties" -* **in their own household ** - in their own household - "to their own family" or "to those living at their homes" -* **and repay their parents ** - and repay their parents - “and to pay back their parents” or “and to give to their parents in return for the good things their parents have given them” +* **in their own household ** - "to their own family" or "to those living at their homes" +* **and repay their parents ** - “and to pay back their parents” or “and to give to their parents in return for the good things their parents have given them” * **because this is pleasing to God** - "for God will be pleased when they do these things" or "for this act of honor shown is pleasing to God" diff --git a/1ti/05/05.md b/1ti/05/05.md index 22d822d92..7a4ada9ae 100644 --- a/1ti/05/05.md +++ b/1ti/05/05.md @@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But a real widow is left all alone ** - But a real widow is left all alone - "But one who is truly a widow has no family" +* **But a real widow is left all alone ** - "But one who is truly a widow has no family" * **she always waits before him with requests and prayers** - "She patiently waits for God with her requests and prayers" +* **requests and prayers** - These two words mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how much these widows pray. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **both night and day** - AT: "all the time" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **However** - "But" -* **the luxury-loving woman ** - the luxury-loving woman - "the woman who lives only for her own pleasure" -* **dead** - This metaphor means that she is not able to respond to God. It can be translated “like a dead person, she does not respond to God.” (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the luxury-loving woman ** - loving woman **- "the woman who lives only for her own pleasure" +* **dead** - This metaphor means that she is not able to respond to God. AT: “like a dead person, she does not respond to God.” (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **alive** - This refers to physical life. diff --git a/1ti/05/07.md b/1ti/05/07.md index c4d3bd1d9..6cb718ff7 100644 --- a/1ti/05/07.md +++ b/1ti/05/07.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And preach these things ** - And preach these things - "Command these things as well" or "Also, teach these things with authority." Timothy was to obey Paul's words himself and also to command others to obey Paul's words. -* **so that they may be beyond reproach** - "so that no one can find fault with them." Possible meanings of they: 1) "these widows and their families" (UDB) or 2) "the church." It might be best to leave the subject as "they." +* **And preach these things ** - "Command these things as well" or "Also, teach these things with authority." Timothy was to obey Paul's words himself and also to command others to obey Paul's words. +* **so that they may be beyond reproach** - "so that no one can find fault with them." Possible meanings of they: 1) "these widows and their families" (UDB) or 2) "the church." It might be best to leave the subject as "they." * **does not provide for his own relatives** - “does not provide what his relatives need” or “does not help with his relatives' needs” -* **for his own relatives ** - for his own relatives - "for all his family members" or "for those living at his home" +* **for his own relatives ** - "for all his family members" or "for those living at his home" * **for those of his own household** - "for his family" or "for those family living in his home" -* **he has denied the faith ** - he has denied the faith - "he has acted though he has denied the faith" or "he has acted contrary to the truth we believe" or "he has turned his back on his beliefs" +* **he has denied the faith ** - "he has acted though he has denied the faith" or "he has acted contrary to the truth we believe" or "he has turned his back on his beliefs" * **… is worse than an unbeliever** - "… is worse than those who do not believe Jesus" or "those who do not believe in Jesus are better than …" Even those who do not believe in Jesus take care of their own families; how much more should believers do so! diff --git a/1ti/05/19.md b/1ti/05/19.md index 48567b8b3..a27be6997 100644 --- a/1ti/05/19.md +++ b/1ti/05/19.md @@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ * **receive** - "listen to" or "accept" * **two or three** - "at least two" or "two or more" * **Reprove** - "Rebuke" or "Correct" +* **sinner** - Here this means anything we do that does not obey or please God, even things that other people don't know about. * **in the sight of all** - "where everyone can see" * **so that the rest may be afraid** - "so that others will be afraid to sin" diff --git a/1ti/05/23.md b/1ti/05/23.md index 9e35c265c..b74eb90d8 100644 --- a/1ti/05/23.md +++ b/1ti/05/23.md @@ -1,16 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:good]] +* [[en:tw:good|good, goodness]] * [[en:tw:judge]] +* [[en:tw:judge|judge, judgment]] * [[en:tw:sin]] +* [[en:tw:sin|sin, sinful, sinner, sinning]] * [[en:tw:wine]] +* [[en:tw:wine|wine]] * [[en:tw:works]] +* [[en:tw:works|works, deeds, work]] ## translationNotes -* (It is not clear how verse 23 fits with verse 22 and verses 24-25. It may simply be something unrelated that Paul wanted to say before he forgot it. If it is related, it would likely be a way of saying that by "pure" in the previous verse Paul was talking about conduct, not diet.) +* 25. It may simply be something unrelated that Paul wanted to say before he forgot it. If it is related, it would likely be a way of saying that by "pure" in the previous verse Paul was talking about conduct, not diet.) * **You should no longer drink water** - or "You should stop being a water-drinker," one who drinks only water (UDB). Paul is not forbidding water. He is suggesting that Timothy use wine as medicine. -* **sins of some people** - (In verse 24, Paul continues what he was saying in verse 22. The sins of some people would be the sins likely to be committed by those on whom hands are hastily placed [verse 22].) +* (In verse 24, Paul continues what he was saying in verse 22. The "sins of some people" would be the sins likely to be committed by those on whom hands are hastily placed [verse 22].) * **they go before them into judgment** - “their sins go before those people into judgment.” Possible meanings are 1) Their sins show what the person is like even before it is time for the church to judge whether or not the person should be a leader, or 2) Their sins show what the person is like before it is time for the church to judge whether or not the person is guilty, or 3) Their sins are evident and God judges them now. * **some follow later** - “But some sins follow those people later.” Possible meanings are 1) Timothy will not know about some sins until later, or 2) The church will not know about some sins until later, or 3) God will not judge some sins until the final judgment. +* **good** - Here this means if it fits with God's character, purposes, and will. * **even the others cannot be hidden** - "the other good works will be known in the future" diff --git a/1ti/06/01.md b/1ti/06/01.md index 66a34066b..99d890bab 100644 --- a/1ti/06/01.md +++ b/1ti/06/01.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **under the yoke** - This can be translated as a metaphor that views a slave as an ox or other strong animal with a wooden bar placed over its shoulders so it can pull a plow. This is also a doublet for slaves, so if including the metaphor is too difficult, you can omit it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]].) It can also be translated as in the UDB as a metaphor for being a Christian. +* **under the yoke as slaves** - This can be translated as a metaphor that views a slave as an ox or other strong animal with a wooden bar placed over its shoulders so it can pull a plow. If including this metaphor is too difficult, you can omit it. It can also be translated as a metaphor for being a Christian (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **be blasphemed** - "those outside the church have bad things to say about God and the message about God" * **slaves who have believing masters should not disrespect them, because they are brothers** - "because their believing masters are brothers, slaves who have believing masters should not disrespect their masters" * **they should serve them** - "slaves with believing masters should serve those masters" diff --git a/1ti/06/03.md b/1ti/06/03.md index 4993b139e..9fa180fcb 100644 --- a/1ti/06/03.md +++ b/1ti/06/03.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **If someone teaches** - "Anyone who teaches" or "Those who teach." Paul assumes that people are in fact teaching differently; this is not a hypothetical case. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) +* **If someone teaches** - "Anyone who teaches" or "Those who teach." Paul assumes that people are in fact teaching differently; this is not a hypothetical case. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) * **someone … he … he** - The UDB uses the plural "some people … such people … they" to say that the "someone" who "teaches" could be male or female, one person or many people. Use the form in your language that allows for this range of meaning. * **he is sick with arguments** - "all he wants to do is argue" or "they crave arguments." Such people greatly desire the act of arguing itself, and do not really want to find a way to agree. * **word fights** - "arguments over what words mean" or "words that cause fights" or "words meant to hurt others" diff --git a/1ti/06/09.md b/1ti/06/09.md index 02992fcf8..635569943 100644 --- a/1ti/06/09.md +++ b/1ti/06/09.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **fall … into a trap** - "become caught in a trap." This is a metaphor for being unable to act for one's own benefit and being helpless against those who would do one harm. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **fall … into many foolish and harmful passions** - "be controlled by the desire to do foolish and harmful things" * **makes people sink** - "pulls people down into" -* **For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil ** - For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil - "because loving money is a cause of all kinds of evil" +* **For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil ** - "because loving money is a cause of all kinds of evil" * **impaled themselves with … grief** - This metaphor compares grief to a knife or spear a person uses to stab himself all the way thorough his body. * **who desire it** - "who desire money" * **have wandered away from the faith** - "have left the path of truth" or "have stopped believing the truth" diff --git a/1ti/06/11.md b/1ti/06/11.md index 5403f1c05..8bfc30455 100644 --- a/1ti/06/11.md +++ b/1ti/06/11.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **man of God** - "servant of God" or "person who belongs to God" -* **flee from these things** - "treat these things like creatures who want to harm you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) Possible meanings of these things: 1) the "love of money" (UDB); 2) the different teachings, pride, and arguments in verses [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:06:03]] and the "love of money." +* **flee from these things** - "treat these things like creatures who want to harm you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) Possible meanings of these things: 1) the "love of money" (UDB); 2) the different teachings, pride, and arguments in verses [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:06:03]] and the "love of money." * **Pursue** - "Run after" or "Chase" or "Do your best to act in" * **Fight the good fight …. Take hold of … life"** - Some understand this passage as a metaphor of a sports competition in which the winner of the fight can take hold of a prize. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Take hold of … life** - Some understand this metaphor as another way of saying fight the good fight: "Do everything you can to gain … life." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Take hold of … life** - Some understand this metaphor as another way of saying fight the good fight: "Do everything you can to gain … life." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **gave witness** - "gave testimony" or "testified" * **before** - "in the presence of" * **as to what is good** - "about what you believe" diff --git a/1ti/06/17.md b/1ti/06/17.md index 529f98572..5cf0f0a80 100644 --- a/1ti/06/17.md +++ b/1ti/06/17.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **true riches** - "things that will make us truly happy." The reference here may include physical objects, but it more likely refers to states like love, joy, and peace that people try to obtain by means of physical objects. * **be rich in good works** - "look for opportunities to do good works the way you would look for physical wealth" or "enjoy doing good works the way you enjoy physical wealth" * **foundation** - The first part of a house to be built. This is a metaphor for the first of the "true riches" and the beginning of the "real life" God will give his people in eternity. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **take hold of real life** - This recalls the sports metaphor of [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:06:12]], where the prize is something that the winner can actually hold in his hands. Here the "prize" is real life. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **take hold of real life** - This recalls the sports metaphor of [[:en:bible:notes:1ti:06:11]], where the prize is something that the winner can actually hold in his hands. Here the "prize" is real life. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/1ti/06/20.md b/1ti/06/20.md index 475fc102f..87a0d1d4a 100644 --- a/1ti/06/20.md +++ b/1ti/06/20.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Avoid … contradicting arguments** - "stay away from people who argue against what you say" -* **May grace be with you all ** - May grace be with you all - "I ask that may he show kindness to all of you there" or "May he show favor to all of you there +* **May grace be with you all ** - "I ask that may he show kindness to all of you there" or "May he show favor to all of you there diff --git a/2co/03/01.md b/2co/03/01.md index bf570b355..16552ab98 100644 --- a/2co/03/01.md +++ b/2co/03/01.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * **Are we beginning to praise ourselves again?** - Paul says this to express they are not trying to make themselves seem better than they are. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **We do not need letters of recommendation to you or from you, like some people, do we?** - Paul says this to express that the Corinthians already know about Paul and Timothy's good reputation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **letter of recommendation** - Paul and Timothy's love for the people of the church in Corinth is compared to a letter of recommendation that shows church Paul and Timothy can be trusted. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **you are a letter from Christ, delivered by us, written..by the Spirit of the living God...on tablets of human hearts** - you are a letter from Christ, delivered by us, written..by the Spirit of the living God...on tablets of human hearts Paul is saying the people of the church in Corinth are like a letter that tells about their example and how the message about Christ, which Paul and Timothy shared with them, had power through the Holy Spirit, to change the kind of people they are. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **you are a letter from Christ, delivered by us, written..by the Spirit of the living God...on tablets of human hearts** - Paul is saying the people of the church in Corinth are like a letter that tells about their example and how the message about Christ, which Paul and Timothy shared with them, had power through the Holy Spirit, to change the kind of people they are. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **not on tablets of stone, but on tablets of human hearts** - The word "stone" refers to something that does not change. The phrase "human hearts" is used because they are soft and to refer to a person's ability to change. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **tablets** - These are flat pieces of stone or clay that were used for writing. diff --git a/2co/05/01.md b/2co/05/01.md index aae1d5335..003a6e2bc 100644 --- a/2co/05/01.md +++ b/2co/05/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **the earthly dwelling** - Our physical body. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **that we live in is destroyed ** - that we live in is destroyed - When our physical body is destroyed. -* **we have a building from God, a house not made by human hands, but an eternal house, in heaven. ** - we have a building from God, a house not made by human hands, but an eternal house, in heaven. - God will provide a new eternal body for us to live in. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **For in this tent we groan** - For in this tent we groan- AT: "For in this earthly body we struggle" +* **that we live in is destroyed ** - When our physical body is destroyed. +* **we have a building from God, a house not made by human hands, but an eternal house, in heaven. ** - God will provide a new eternal body for us to live in. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **For in this tent we groan** - AT: "For in this earthly body we struggle" * **because by putting it on we will not be found naked.** - Possible meanings are 1) We will be clothed in God's righteousness or 2) God will provide new bodies and clothing for us. diff --git a/2co/05/09.md b/2co/05/09.md index d15536e28..10fa39f8e 100644 --- a/2co/05/09.md +++ b/2co/05/09.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * **at home or away** - AT: "in our earthly bodies on earth or in heaven" * **before the judgment seat of Christ, ** - "before Christ to be judged," * **may receive what is due** - AT: "may receive the reward or consequence" -* **things done in the body ** - things done in the body - AT: "what he has done while in this earthly body" +* **things done in the body ** - AT: "what he has done while in this earthly body" * **whether for good or bad** - "whether they were good or evil" diff --git a/2co/05/20.md b/2co/05/20.md index d512e9699..b81af3f43 100644 --- a/2co/05/20.md +++ b/2co/05/20.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Be reconciled to God** - AT: "Come back to God" -* **He made Christ become the sacrifice ** - He made Christ become the sacrifice - "God made Christ's death on the cross the acceptable sacrifice" +* **He made Christ become the sacrifice ** - "God made Christ's death on the cross the acceptable sacrifice" * **so that in Christ we might become the righteousness of God** - AT: "so that we may have Christ's righteousness in us." diff --git a/2co/06/04.md b/2co/06/04.md index adaf18e5e..07ba16e94 100644 --- a/2co/06/04.md +++ b/2co/06/04.md @@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **we** - Paul is referring to himself and Timothy. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **we prove ourselves by all our actions, that we are God's servants ** - we prove ourselves by all our actions, that we are God's servants - AT: "We prove that we are God's servants by the way we live and speak" +* **we prove ourselves by all our actions, that we are God's servants ** - AT: "We prove that we are God's servants by the way we live and speak" * **in the word of truth** - "faithfully preaching the truth" * **with the armor of righteousness for the right hand and for the left** - Paul is referring to being fully equipped by God with spiritual power for all situations. - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/2co/06/08.md b/2co/06/08.md index 7c608b531..d8a7ca426 100644 --- a/2co/06/08.md +++ b/2co/06/08.md @@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ * **We work** - "we" refers to Paul and Timothy. * **in honor and dishonor** - These are the extremes of how people view Pauls ministry work. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **in slander and praise** - These are the extremes of how people speak of Pauls ministry work. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) -* **as dying and—see!—yet living** - as dying and—see!—yet living -* AT: "as dying and yet living, as you see" +* **as dying and—see!—yet living** - AT: "as dying and yet living, as you see" * **but are always rejoicing;** - AT: "but always rejoice because of the good news about Jesus Christ" * **as having nothing and yet as possessing all things** - AT:"as having nothing and yet we possess all the riches of God." diff --git a/2co/06/14.md b/2co/06/14.md index 72d82e6cd..747a24cef 100644 --- a/2co/06/14.md +++ b/2co/06/14.md @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ * **tied together with** - "teamed up with" or "have a close relationship with" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **what share does a believer have with an unbeliever?** - Believers do not have the same values as unbelievers. AT: "what values does a believer share with an unbeliever?" -* **what fellowship does light have with darkness? ** - what fellowship does light have with darkness? - Light can not coexist with darkness. When light is present, darkness flees. +* **what fellowship does light have with darkness? ** - Light can not coexist with darkness. When light is present, darkness flees. * **with the demon Beliar** - "Beliar" is another name for the devil. * **Or what share does a believer have together with an unbeliever** - Believers and unbelievers have totally different values that they live by and those values oppose each other. * **we are the temple of the living God** - Paul refers to the all the christians as forming a temple for God to dwell in. AT: "we have the Holy Spirit of God living within us." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/2co/06/17.md b/2co/06/17.md index 792b4faa2..138056d72 100644 --- a/2co/06/17.md +++ b/2co/06/17.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **touch no unclean thing** - The Law of Moses states what can make one unclean by touching it. -* **I will be a Father to you** - I will be a Father to you- AT: "I will care for you as a loving father cares for his children" See (Metaphor) +* **I will be a Father to you** - AT: "I will care for you as a loving father cares for his children" See (Metaphor) * **and you will be my sons and daughters** - "and you will be my children" diff --git a/2co/07/02.md b/2co/07/02.md index 31db85672..d7a0b0182 100644 --- a/2co/07/02.md +++ b/2co/07/02.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Make room for us** - "Please make room in your lives for us" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **I do not say this ** - I do not say this - AT: "I do not reprimand you" +* **I do not say this ** - AT: "I do not reprimand you" * **that you are in our hearts, to die together and to live together.** - AT: "that we love you enough to live or die with you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **even in all our afflictions** - AT: "despite all our hardships" diff --git a/2co/07/08.md b/2co/07/08.md index db555bfb6..fe296e855 100644 --- a/2co/07/08.md +++ b/2co/07/08.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **but sad just for a little while ** - AT: "but you were sad for only a little while" * **experienced a godly sorrow** - a godly sorrow is a sorrow that leads to repentance. * **godly sorrow brings about repentance** - A godly sorrow that leads us away from sin. -* **accomplishes salvation ** - accomplishes salvation - AT: "leads us to salvation" +* **accomplishes salvation ** - AT: "leads us to salvation" * **worldly sorrow, however, brings about death.** - AT: "however, worldly sorrow has no repentance and leads to spiritual death." diff --git a/2co/07/11.md b/2co/07/11.md index 59f6f6801..d63fa897a 100644 --- a/2co/07/11.md +++ b/2co/07/11.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * **See what great determination** - "Understand what great determination" * **produced in you—what great determination in you to prove you were innocent** - AT: "produced in you in order to prove you were innocent." * **what indignation** - "what anger" -* **what fear** - what fear- AT: "what anxiety" or "what dismay" +* **what fear** - AT: "what anxiety" or "what dismay" * **what longing** - "what longing to see me" -* **what zeal ** - what zeal - "what intensity of purpose" -* **but so that your earnestness for us should be made known to you in the sight of God. ** - but so that your earnestness for us should be made known to you in the sight of God. - AT: "but so that you know, and God knows, how loyal you are to us." +* **what zeal ** - "what intensity of purpose" +* **but so that your earnestness for us should be made known to you in the sight of God. ** - AT: "but so that you know, and God knows, how loyal you are to us." diff --git a/2co/07/13.md b/2co/07/13.md index ceeb277d1..1c234cb3e 100644 --- a/2co/07/13.md +++ b/2co/07/13.md @@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ * **By this we are encouraged** - AT: "We are encouraged because of this positive attitude that you have for God and for us." * **For if I have boasted to him about you,** - "I boasted to him about you," -* **I was not put to shame. ** - I was not put to shame. - AT: "and you didn't disappoint me." +* **I was not put to shame. ** - AT: "and you didn't disappoint me." * **proved to be true.** - "showed to be true." diff --git a/2co/07/15.md b/2co/07/15.md index e7a7e82c5..7c711540f 100644 --- a/2co/07/15.md +++ b/2co/07/15.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **And his affection for you is even greater,** - AT: "Now Titus cares for you more deeply than ever before." * **as he remembers the obedience of you all,** - AT: "He remembers how obedient all of you were" -* **as you welcomed him with fear and trembling. ** - as you welcomed him with fear and trembling. - AT: "as you welcomed him and obeyed with such timidity and trembling" or "as you welcomed him with great respect" +* **as you welcomed him with fear and trembling. ** - AT: "as you welcomed him and obeyed with such timidity and trembling" or "as you welcomed him with great respect" diff --git a/2co/08/08.md b/2co/08/08.md index 2d7f3913f..57b21006d 100644 --- a/2co/08/08.md +++ b/2co/08/08.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **the grace of our Lord** - AT: "the love and undeserved favor of the Lord" * **he was rich** - AT: "he owns and possesses everything" -* **for your sakes he became poor** - for your sakes he became poor.- AT: "for your sake he gave up his heavenly home and attributes to come to earth as a mere man," +* **for your sakes he became poor** - AT: "for your sake he gave up his heavenly home and attributes to come to earth as a mere man," * **through his poverty you might become rich.** - AT: "through his life of humility and brokenness you might become rich and abundantly blessed."____ diff --git a/2co/08/20.md b/2co/08/20.md index 2f48c21eb..66e0693f7 100644 --- a/2co/08/20.md +++ b/2co/08/20.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **cause to complain** - AT: "reason to criticize" * **about this generous gift we are collecting.** - AT: "about the way we are handling this generous gift." * **We take care to do what is honorable,** - AT: "We are careful to handle this gift in an honorable way," -* **not only before the Lord, ** - not only before the Lord, - So that Paul's actions would be honorable before the Lord. +* **not only before the Lord, ** - So that Paul's actions would be honorable before the Lord. * **but also before people.** - So the people will see that Paul can be trusted. diff --git a/2co/08/22.md b/2co/08/22.md index 5cacec917..5eb75ef61 100644 --- a/2co/08/22.md +++ b/2co/08/22.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **And with them** - "them" refers to Titus and the previously mentioned brother. -* **partner and fellow worker for you** - partner and fellow worker for you- AT: "partner who works with me to help you" +* **partner and fellow worker for you** - AT: "partner who works with me to help you" * **Concerning our brothers** - "Concerning our other brothers" diff --git a/2co/09/10.md b/2co/09/10.md index 08d45c28b..bae01b2cc 100644 --- a/2co/09/10.md +++ b/2co/09/10.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **He who supplies seed to the sower and bread for food, will also supply and multiply your seed for sowing and increase the harvest of your righteousness** - Paul is using this metaphor to refer to God's provision for the redemption of his people. - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). * **your seed for sowing** - AT: "your resources" * **harvest of your righteousness.** - "fruit of your righteosness" -* **and this will bring about thanksgiving to God through us. ** - and this will bring about thanksgiving to God through us. - AT: "and when we give your gifts to those who need them, they will give God many thanks." +* **and this will bring about thanksgiving to God through us. ** - AT: "and when we give your gifts to those who need them, they will give God many thanks." diff --git a/2co/09/12.md b/2co/09/12.md index 9adb91a55..9ae00813e 100644 --- a/2co/09/12.md +++ b/2co/09/12.md @@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For the ministry of this service ** - For the ministry of this service - AT: "For your ministry of giving" +* **For the ministry of this service ** - AT: "For your ministry of giving" * **needs of the saints** - "needs of the saints in Jerusalem" * **but is also overflowing in many thanksgivings** - AT: "but is also causing many people to thank God" -* **You have been approved by this service, ** - You have been approved by this service, - AT: "Your generosity has proven your obedience and love." -* **you also glorify God by the obedience of your confession of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your gift to them and to all** - you also glorify God by the obedience of your confession of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your gift to them and to all.- AT: "you also glorify God, not only by your obedience and generosity, but by proclaiming the good news of Christ" +* **You have been approved by this service, ** - AT: "Your generosity has proven your obedience and love." +* **you also glorify God by the obedience of your confession of the gospel of Christ and the generosity of your gift to them and to all** - AT: "you also glorify God, not only by your obedience and generosity, but by proclaiming the good news of Christ" * **for his inexpressible gift!** - AT: "for the gift that cannot be expressed in words, Jesus Christ!" diff --git a/2co/10/03.md b/2co/10/03.md index 6c158d90d..65dd26344 100644 --- a/2co/10/03.md +++ b/2co/10/03.md @@ -1,8 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:divine]] +* [[en:tw:flesh]] +* [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:stronghold]] +* [[en:tw:walk]] ## translationNotes * **wage war according to the flesh** - AT: "fight with human weapons" * **For the weapons we fight with are not fleshly** - AT: "For we fight with God's mighty weapons, not worldly weapons." -* **Instead, they have divine power to destroy strongholds ** - Instead, they have divine power to destroy strongholds - "They have divine power to knock down strongholds" +* **Instead, they have divine power to destroy strongholds ** - "They have divine power to knock down strongholds" diff --git a/2co/10/05.md b/2co/10/05.md index 3f87a982e..08f2ce229 100644 --- a/2co/10/05.md +++ b/2co/10/05.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **every lofty thing ** - AT: "all proud strongholds of human reasoning" or "every false argument." * **rises up against the knowledge of God** - "speaks against God" -* **we take every thought captive for obedience to Christ. ** - we take every thought captive for obedience to Christ. - AT: "we lead every thought back to obedience to Christ" or "we take every rebellious thought captive and teach obedience to Christ." +* **we take every thought captive for obedience to Christ. ** - AT: "we lead every thought back to obedience to Christ" or "we take every rebellious thought captive and teach obedience to Christ." diff --git a/2co/10/07.md b/2co/10/07.md index 857d78eea..012f5f384 100644 --- a/2co/10/07.md +++ b/2co/10/07.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Look at what is clearly in front of you.** - AT: "Ponder what should be very clear to you." -* **let him remind himself ** - let him remind himself - "let him remember" +* **let him remind himself ** - "let him remember" * **that just as he is Christ's, so also are we** - AT:"that we belong to Christ just as much as he does."____ * **build you up** - "promote your growth as followers of Christ" or "help you grow as followers of Christ" diff --git a/2co/10/11.md b/2co/10/11.md index 063782783..cfd8363aa 100644 --- a/2co/10/11.md +++ b/2co/10/11.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **What we say** - "We" refers to Paul's ministry team. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **we say by letter...is the same we as will do when we are there** - Paul is stating that he seeks to live by the instructions he writes. -* **to classify or compare ** - to classify or compare - "to rank or compare" +* **to classify or compare ** - "to rank or compare" * **have no insight** - "show their ignorance" or "show their lack of discernment." diff --git a/2co/10/13.md b/2co/10/13.md index 594e825d3..bdc61f427 100644 --- a/2co/10/13.md +++ b/2co/10/13.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **beyond limits** - AT: "about things done outside our area of authority" -* **area that God ** - area that God - AT: "boundaries of the work that God" +* **area that God ** - AT: "boundaries of the work that God" * **did not overextend ourselves** - AT: "did not reach beyond these boundaries" -* **reach as far as you with ** - reach as far as you with - AT: "travel all the way to Corinth with" +* **reach as far as you with ** - AT: "travel all the way to Corinth with" diff --git a/2co/11/05.md b/2co/11/05.md index 568c4741a..f74cbf1b7 100644 --- a/2co/11/05.md +++ b/2co/11/05.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **"super-apostles."** - AT: "false teachers that think they are extra special." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) -* **even if I am untrained in giving speeches,** - even if I am untrained in giving speeches, AT: "even if I have not been trained in making speeches". +* **"super-apostles"** - apostles"** - AT: "false teachers that think they are extra special" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) +* **even if I am untrained in giving speeches** - AT: "even if I have not been trained in making speeches" diff --git a/2co/11/10.md b/2co/11/10.md index d508c1c1f..144060224 100644 --- a/2co/11/10.md +++ b/2co/11/10.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **this boasting … will not be silenced…** - Paul will continue to boast through out all of Achaia which is modern day southern Greece. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **And why? Because I do not love you? ** - And why? Because I do not love you? - AT: "I will continue to keep you from paying for my needs, because this shows others that I love you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **And why? Because I do not love you? ** - AT: "I will continue to keep you from paying for my needs, because this shows others that I love you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/2co/11/12.md b/2co/11/12.md index 822bbda1c..a225cbc25 100644 --- a/2co/11/12.md +++ b/2co/11/12.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * **cut off the excuse** - To stop or weaken the claim. * **wish to be found equal to us in what they boast about** - That these people like to boast that their work is just like Paul's work. -* **For such people - ** - AT: "Those people" +* **For such people - ** - ** AT: "Those people" * **deceitful workers** - "or dishonest workers" * **disguising themselves as apostles of Christ.** - These people pretend to be apostles of Christ. diff --git a/2co/11/16.md b/2co/11/16.md index cf579bfcd..86030222c 100644 --- a/2co/11/16.md +++ b/2co/11/16.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **receive me like a fool** - Paul is expressing a momentary desire to boast to and about the Corinth church. * **so I may boast a little.** - AT: "while I boast a little." * **What I am saying about this boastful confidence is not condoned by the Lord,** - AT: "This kind of boasting is not encouraged by the Lord," -* **according to the flesh, ** - according to the flesh, - AT; "about their human achievements," +* **according to the flesh, ** - AT; "about their human achievements," diff --git a/2co/11/22.md b/2co/11/22.md index 36367709d..9eb6c4c4a 100644 --- a/2co/11/22.md +++ b/2co/11/22.md @@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. Are they servants of Christ? ** - Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. Are they servants of Christ? - Hebrew, Israelite, descendants of Abraham are different names for a Jew. See (Parallelism) +* **Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they descendants of Abraham? So am I. Are they servants of Christ? ** - Hebrew, Israelite, descendants of Abraham are different names for a Jew. See (Parallelism) * **as though I were out of my mind** - "as though I were a madman" * **I am more** - AT: "I am more a servant of Christ than they are!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) * **in even more hard work** - AT: "I have worked harder" -* **in far more prisons ** - in far more prisons - AT: "I have been in prisons more often" +* **in far more prisons ** - AT: "I have been in prisons more often" * **in beatings beyond measure** - AT: "have been beaten countless times" * **in facing many dangers of death** - AT: "and have faced death many times." diff --git a/2co/11/32.md b/2co/11/32.md index 92944fdc5..d0c279a22 100644 --- a/2co/11/32.md +++ b/2co/11/32.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **guarding the city of the Damascus ** - guarding the city of the Damascus - guarding the gates of the city," -* **to arrest me, ** - to arrest me, - AT: "so that they might catch and arrest me." +* **guarding the city of the Damascus ** - guarding the gates of the city," +* **to arrest me, ** - AT: "so that they might catch and arrest me." * **the wall and I escaped from his hands.** - "the wall and I escaped." diff --git a/2co/12/01.md b/2co/12/01.md index 6c1d31f77..336ffa742 100644 --- a/2co/12/01.md +++ b/2co/12/01.md @@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ * **I will go on** - "I will reluctantly go on" * **revelations from the Lord** - Wisdom, knowledge or understanding from the Lord. * **I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago ** - Paul is actually describing himself which he will make known shortly. -* **whether in the body or out of the body, I do not know** - whether in the body or out of the body, I do not know- Paul continues to describe himself as if this happened to another person. AT: "I don't know if this man was in his physical body or in his spiritual body." +* **whether in the body or out of the body, I do not know** - Paul continues to describe himself as if this happened to another person. AT: "I don't know if this man was in his physical body or in his spiritual body." * **God knows** - AT: "Only God knows" * **the third heaven** - This refers to the dwelling place of God rather than the sky or outer space (the planets, stars and the universe). diff --git a/2co/12/03.md b/2co/12/03.md index aa7320f47..b891d450c 100644 --- a/2co/12/03.md +++ b/2co/12/03.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **And I know such a man—** - "And I know that this man" * **who was caught** - "was caught" -* **paradise** - "paradise" is either synonymous with heaven (or "third heaven") or a special place in heaven." +* **paradise** - This either refers to heaven (or "third heaven") or a special place in heaven. * **and who heard things** - "and heard things" * **of such a person** - "of that person" diff --git a/2co/12/06.md b/2co/12/06.md index 5ac5e892c..b264c6506 100644 --- a/2co/12/06.md +++ b/2co/12/06.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **may think more of me than what is seen** - "gives me more credit than what is seen" -* **Therefore, so I would not be puffed up with pride ** - Therefore, so I would not be puffed up with pride - "To keep me from being puffed up with pride" +* **Therefore, so I would not be puffed up with pride ** - "To keep me from being full of pride" * **a thorn in the flesh** - "an affliction" or "physical problem" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **messenger from Satan** - "servant of Satan" * **to harass me** - "to torment me" diff --git a/2co/12/11.md b/2co/12/11.md index 26a9988dd..602ecd237 100644 --- a/2co/12/11.md +++ b/2co/12/11.md @@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ * **I have become a fool!** - "I act like a fool!" * **You forced me to be, for I should have been praised by you,** - AT: "You should have openly praised my work," -* **for I was not at all inferior to the ** - for I was not at all inferior to the - AT: "for I am not at all less than the" -* **"super-apostles"** - "proud false teachers" +* **for I was not at all inferior to the ** - AT: "for I am not at all less than the" +* **"super-apostles"** - apostles"** - "proud false teachers" * **For how were you less important than the rest of the churches,** - AT: "The only difference between the other churches I worked in and you" -* **except that I was not a burden to you? ** - except that I was not a burden to you? - AT: "was that I didn't ask you for money to pay my expenses." +* **except that I was not a burden to you? ** - AT: "was that I didn't ask you for money to pay my expenses." * **Forgive me this wrong!** - Paul is asking for forgiveness for not placing a demand on the Corinthians to support him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) diff --git a/2co/12/20.md b/2co/12/20.md index 17110a4a8..7722eeb01 100644 --- a/2co/12/20.md +++ b/2co/12/20.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I may not find you as I wish, - ** - AT: "I may not like what I find," +* **I may not find you as I wish, - ** - ** AT: "I may not like what I find," * **find me as you wish** - AT: "like my response." * **that there may be ** - AT: "I hope that I will not find" * **I might mourn for many of them that have sinned before now,** - AT: "I will be grieved because many of you have not given up your old sins" diff --git a/2co/13/07.md b/2co/13/07.md index 456cd1b2b..e9ed9233a 100644 --- a/2co/13/07.md +++ b/2co/13/07.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **that you may not do wrong,** - "that you won't sin" or "that you will do right" -* **to have passed the test, ** - to have passed the test, - AT: "to be great teachers and live the truth," +* **to have passed the test, ** - AT: "to be great teachers and live the truth," * **able to do anything against the truth,** - AT: "able to oppose the truth of God," * **but only for the truth.** - AT: "but must stand firm for the truth." diff --git a/2co/13/09.md b/2co/13/09.md index bf39db5a0..3a38bf144 100644 --- a/2co/13/09.md +++ b/2co/13/09.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **may be made complete** - AT: "may become spiritually mature." -* **toward you, using the ** - toward you, using the - AT: "toward you. I desire to use the" +* **toward you, using the ** - AT: "toward you. I desire to use the" diff --git a/2ki/01/05.md b/2ki/01/05.md index badbead2f..cbcf91a8c 100644 --- a/2ki/01/05.md +++ b/2ki/01/05.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When the messengers returned to Ahaziah,** - AT "So Elijah went to meet the messengers and told that to them, and they returned to the king instead of going to Ekron.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]])" -* **Is it because there is no God in Israel ... Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?"** - Is it because there is no God in Israel ... Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?" Sharing this remark in the form of a question puts emphasis on the folly of going to Baal Zebub. AT: "I suppose you sent men to see Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron, because there is no God in Israel!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **When the messengers returned to Ahaziah** - AT "So Elijah went to meet the messengers and told that to them, and they returned to the king instead of going to Ekron.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]])" +* **Is it because there is no God in Israel ... Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron?"** - Sharing this remark in the form of a question puts emphasis on the folly of going to Baal Zebub. AT: "I suppose you sent men to see Baal Zebub, the god of Ekron, because there is no God in Israel!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/2ki/01/13.md b/2ki/01/13.md index 693e5e8ec..3529b5aaa 100644 --- a/2ki/01/13.md +++ b/2ki/01/13.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **implored him** - "begged him" -* **these fifty servants of yours** - these fifty servants of yours AT "my fifty soldiers" (UDB) +* **these fifty servants of yours** - AT "my fifty soldiers" (UDB) * **be precious in your sight** - AT: "be of worth to you" or "be spared from death"; The captain is asking Elijah to be kind and spare his life and the lives of the fifty men. diff --git a/2ki/01/15.md b/2ki/01/15.md index 34e2b5b67..e57cc3288 100644 --- a/2ki/01/15.md +++ b/2ki/01/15.md @@ -4,6 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Is it because there is no God in Israel from whom you can ask for information? ** - Is it because there is no God in Israel from whom you can ask for information? - AT: "You acted as though there is no God in Israel to consult." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Is it because there is no God in Israel from whom you can ask for information? ** - AT: "You acted as though there is no God in Israel to consult." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **So now, you will not come down from the bed where you have gone up** - AT "So you will not recover from being injured" (UDB) -* Links: diff --git a/2ki/02/05.md b/2ki/02/05.md index aac55eb2b..ffb027a1d 100644 --- a/2ki/02/05.md +++ b/2ki/02/05.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Then the sons of the prophets who were at Jericho came to Elisha and said to him - ** - AT: "When Elijah and Elisha came near Jericho, a group of men who were prophets from there said to Elisha" +* **Then the sons of the prophets who were at Jericho came to Elisha and said to him - ** - ** AT: "When Elijah and Elisha came near Jericho, a group of men who were prophets from there said to Elisha" diff --git a/2ki/03/13.md b/2ki/03/13.md index 89b703129..8b6cdc2db 100644 --- a/2ki/03/13.md +++ b/2ki/03/13.md @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **What have I to do with you? ** - What have I to do with you? - AT: "I have nothing to do with you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **What have I to do with you? ** - AT: "I have nothing to do with you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **As Yahweh of hosts lives** - "As I know that Yahweh of hosts lives" * **before whom I stand** - AT: "and I am ready to serve him" * **I honor the presence of Jehoshaphat** - Elijah respects the man, King Jehoshaphat, not just that he is present. -* **I would not pay any attention to you, or even look at you** - I would not pay any attention to you, or even look at you- Elisha is making a strong statement, making it clear that he did not want to be involved. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **I would not pay any attention to you, or even look at you** - Elisha is making a strong statement, making it clear that he did not want to be involved. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/2ki/03/15.md b/2ki/03/15.md index 708ba7abd..b1e9b9c40 100644 --- a/2ki/03/15.md +++ b/2ki/03/15.md @@ -8,5 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* -* **full of trenches** - A trench is a long ditch that is dug in the ground, where water can collect. +* **harpist** - A harpist is someone who plays the harp. +* **hand of Yahweh** - Here "​hand"​ is used to represent power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **full of trenches** - A trench is a long ditch that workers dig in the ground, where water can collect. diff --git a/2ki/03/21.md b/2ki/03/21.md index 51ef8e193..de2af88fb 100644 --- a/2ki/03/21.md +++ b/2ki/03/21.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* +* **all who were able to put on armor** - AT: "all the men who could fight";​ Here "​armor"​ represents ability to fight. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **The kings** - AT: "The kings and their armies"; Here "the kings" represent their armies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **it looked as red as blood** - AT: "it was red like blood"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **plunder them** - "steal their belongings"; After an army defeated their enemies, they would often plunder their towns by stealing whatever was left of value. diff --git a/2ki/03/24.md b/2ki/03/24.md index 234302e04..148e43aac 100644 --- a/2ki/03/24.md +++ b/2ki/03/24.md @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* +* **camp of Israel** - AT: "the area where the Israelite soldiers had set up their tents" (UDB); (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **fled before them** - "ran away from them" * **The army of Israel drove the Moabites across the land** - The Moabite army ran away from the army of Israel, and the army of Israel chased them. +* **Kir Hareseth** - This is the capital of Moab. The name may mean "city of the sun" or "new city." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **where they left the rocks in place** - The walls and buildings of the city were made of stones. diff --git a/2ki/03/26.md b/2ki/03/26.md index 35bc384b9..31214a609 100644 --- a/2ki/03/26.md +++ b/2ki/03/26.md @@ -7,4 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **swordsmen** - "soldiers who fought using swords"; A sword is a flat-bladed metal weapon used to cut or stab. +* **break through** - King Mesha wanted to go through the Israelite army with his men to go ask the King of Edom and his army for their help in the battle. ​ * **offered him as a burnt offering** - King Mesha burned his son with fire until he died. He did this as an offering to the false god of Moab, Chemosh. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/2ki/04/01.md b/2ki/04/01.md index de69f3833..f11cace5b 100644 --- a/2ki/04/01.md +++ b/2ki/04/01.md @@ -11,5 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes +* **the wife of one of the sons of the prophets** - "a woman who had been married to one of the prophets"​ +* **Your servant my husband** - "My husband, who was your servant"​ * **creditor** - A creditor is a person who lends other people money. * **Your servant has nothing** - The woman is referring to herself as Elisha's servant. AT: "I have nothing" +* **except a pot of oil** - The only valuable thing she had was a jar of oil. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/2ki/04/07.md b/2ki/04/07.md index 346b0d966..429213ecb 100644 --- a/2ki/04/07.md +++ b/2ki/04/07.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* * -* **live with your sons on the rest** - AT: "use the rest of the money for you and your sons for what you need to live" +* **the man of God** - "​Elisha"​ +* **live with your sons on the rest** - AT: "use the rest of the money for you and your sons for what you need to live." diff --git a/2ki/04/12.md b/2ki/04/12.md index 3d0c6e3a3..3a69eb3b4 100644 --- a/2ki/04/12.md +++ b/2ki/04/12.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ * **Gehazi** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Call this Shunammite** - Shunammite refers to the woman from Shunem that Elisha was staying with. +* **You have gone to all this trouble to care for us. What can be done for you?** - AT: "You have shown much kindness and concern for us. What can we do for you?" * **I live among my own people** - AT: "I live surrounded by my family, and because they take care of me, I have no needs." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) diff --git a/2ki/04/14.md b/2ki/04/14.md index 34c840039..06ded4ea9 100644 --- a/2ki/04/14.md +++ b/2ki/04/14.md @@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ * **Call her** - AT: "Ask her to come to see me." * **When he had called her** - "When Gehazi had called her," +* **you will be holding a son** - "You will have a son." diff --git a/2ki/04/17.md b/2ki/04/17.md index 82d4a3c32..5ee29406c 100644 --- a/2ki/04/17.md +++ b/2ki/04/17.md @@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **at the same time in the following year** - "during the same season the next year" +* **When the child had grown** - "When the child was older"​ +* **the child sat on her knees until noon and then died** - AT: "she held him on her lap until noon and then he died"​ diff --git a/2ki/04/21.md b/2ki/04/21.md index c4124616c..1cd6bdb5b 100644 --- a/2ki/04/21.md +++ b/2ki/04/21.md @@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* +* **on the bed of the man of God** - This was the bed in the room she had prepared for Elisha when he traveled through Shunem. +* **the man of God** - "​Elisha"​ * **that I may hurry to the man of God and then come back** - The woman told her husband she was going to see Elisha but she did not say that she was going because their son had died. diff --git a/2ki/04/23.md b/2ki/04/23.md index e5ae76abe..301bb217a 100644 --- a/2ki/04/23.md +++ b/2ki/04/23.md @@ -5,5 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* * +* **Why do you want to go to him today?** - The husband does not know of any reason why she would want to go see Elisha on that day. +* **It is not a new moon nor sabbath** - AT: "There is nothing special about today that would be a reason for you to go see Elisha the prophet."​ * **It will be all right** - AT: "Everything will be all right if you do as I ask." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) diff --git a/2ki/04/25.md b/2ki/04/25.md index 0513debd6..5a7df5bcf 100644 --- a/2ki/04/25.md +++ b/2ki/04/25.md @@ -4,5 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* * +* **So she went and came to the man of God at Mount Carmel** - "So she traveled toward Mount Carmel where Elisha, the man of God, was" +* **So when the man of God saw her in the distance, he said to Gehazi** - AT: "While she was still far off, and Elisha saw her coming, he said to Gehazi" +* **Shunammite woman** - the woman from Shunem * **It is alright** - "It is well" or "Yes, everything is fine" (UDB). The woman did not say that her son was dead. diff --git a/2ki/04/27.md b/2ki/04/27.md index 3916bce80..077a98135 100644 --- a/2ki/04/27.md +++ b/2ki/04/27.md @@ -4,5 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When she came to the man of God at the mountain** - When she came to the man of God at the mountain- AT: "When the woman from Shunem arrived at Mount Carmel where Elisha was" -* **she caught hold of his feet** - AT: "she dropped down on the ground in front of him and put her hands around his feet" +* **When she came to the man of God at the mountain** - AT: "When the woman from Shunem arrived at Mount Carmel where Elisha was" +* **she caught hold of his feet** - AT: "she dropped down on the ground in front of him and put her hands around his feet." +* **Yahweh has hidden the problem from me, and has told me nothing** - Elisha can see that the woman is upset but Yahweh has not revealed to him the cause of her problem. diff --git a/2ki/04/28.md b/2ki/04/28.md index f0e083dfc..86dd5bcdc 100644 --- a/2ki/04/28.md +++ b/2ki/04/28.md @@ -6,4 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Did I ask you for a son, my master?** - AT: "I did not ask you to give me a son." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Did I not say, 'Do not deceive me'?** - AT: "I said, 'Do not lie to me'" or "I said,'Tell me the truth.'" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) and (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Did I not say, 'Do not deceive me'?** - AT: "I said, 'Do not lie to me'" or "I said,'Tell me the truth.'" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Dress for travel and take my staff in your hand** - AT: "Get ready to travel and take my staff with you."​ +* **If you meet any man, do not greet him, and if anyone greets you, do not answer him** - Elisha wanted Gehazi to travel as quickly as possible, without even stopping to talk to anyone. +* **Lay my staff on the child'​s face** - Elisha is telling Gehazi to do these things because Elisha hopes Yahweh will use them to bring the boy back to life. diff --git a/2ki/04/35.md b/2ki/04/35.md index 640da2fbd..574c7a199 100644 --- a/2ki/04/35.md +++ b/2ki/04/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Then Elisha got up** - "Then Elisha got up from the bed" +* **the Shunammite** - This refers to the woman from Shunem who was the boy's mother. * **Then she lay facedown on the ground at his feet and bowed to the ground** - AT: "Then she lay down with her face toward the ground in front of Elisha and bowed to him." The woman bowed down before Elisha as a sign of deep respect. diff --git a/2ki/04/38.md b/2ki/04/38.md index a0311b786..9e9b47914 100644 --- a/2ki/04/38.md +++ b/2ki/04/38.md @@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ * **stew** - This is a dish that is usually made of meat and vegetables cooked in a pot with liquid. * **wild gourds** - These vegetables were growing on the wild vine. * **fill the fold of his robe** - He lifted the bottom edge of his robe up to his waist to make a place to carry more gourds than he could carry with his hands only. +* **but did not know what kind they were** - AT: "but did not know if they were good or bad to eat" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/2ki/04/40.md b/2ki/04/40.md index 2da6eb0b7..af38f64e5 100644 --- a/2ki/04/40.md +++ b/2ki/04/40.md @@ -4,4 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **death in the pot** - This means that there was something in the pot that could kill them, not that there is something dead in the pot. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Pour it out for the people** - "Serve it to the people" +* **He threw it into the pot** - "He added it to the stew in the pot" +* **Pour it out for the people** - "Serve it to the people," +* **there was no more anything hurtful in the pot** - AT: "​eating the food from the pot did not hurt them." diff --git a/2ki/05/07.md b/2ki/05/07.md index 1ceeb35b1..91eeb32e8 100644 --- a/2ki/05/07.md +++ b/2ki/05/07.md @@ -7,4 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **he tore his clothes** - Because of his distress, he ripped his clothes. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) -* **Am I God, to kill and to make alive, that this man wants me to cure a man of his leprosy?- ** - Am I God, to kill and to make alive, that this man wants me to cure a man of his leprosy?- AT: "The king of Aram must think I am some sort of God, with the power over death and life! He wants me to cure this man of his leprosy, but I can not do that." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Am I God, to kill and to make alive, that this man wants me to cure a man of his leprosy?- ** - ** AT: "The king of Aram must think I am some sort of God, with the power over death and life! He wants me to cure this man of his leprosy, but I can not do that." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **It seems he is seeking to start an argument with me** - The king of Israel did not believe the request to heal Naamam was the real reason for the letter. He thought the real reason was to start a fight. AT: “He is looking for an excuse to start a fight with me.” diff --git a/2ki/05/08.md b/2ki/05/08.md index 9cd53330c..39333d816 100644 --- a/2ki/05/08.md +++ b/2ki/05/08.md @@ -19,4 +19,3 @@ * Elisha talks to the King of Israel about Naaman. * **Why have you torn your clothes?** - AT: "There is no need to tear your clothes." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* Links: diff --git a/2ki/05/11.md b/2ki/05/11.md index 604e30f91..e031bcae2 100644 --- a/2ki/05/11.md +++ b/2ki/05/11.md @@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Are not Abanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel?** - AT: "The Arbanah and the Pharpar Rivers, in my home country of Damascus, are much better than any of the rivers of Israel! (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **wave his hand over the place** - "wave his hand over the diseased area of skin" +* **Are not Abanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel?** - AT: "The Abanah and the Pharpar Rivers, in my home country of Damascus, are much better than any of the rivers of Israel! (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Abanah and Pharpar** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Can I not bathe in them and be clean?** - AT: "I should have just bathed in them and been healed!" Or, AT: "I could have bathed in them and been healed!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **went away in a rage** - "was very angry as he walked away." diff --git a/2ki/05/13.md b/2ki/05/13.md index 1dce9ad3e..7f18d7b4c 100644 --- a/2ki/05/13.md +++ b/2ki/05/13.md @@ -10,4 +10,3 @@ * **My father** - The servants were showing respect to Naaman by addressing him as "my father" or "sir." * **would you not have done it?** - AT: "You surely would have done it" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **How much rather then, when he says to you to simply** - AT: "You should be even more willing to obey then, when he tells you to do such an easy thing like" -* Links: diff --git a/2ki/05/15.md b/2ki/05/15.md index bc317984f..8375c64d0 100644 --- a/2ki/05/15.md +++ b/2ki/05/15.md @@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ * **Look, now I know** - The word "Look" is used here to draw attention to what Naaman is about to say. * **there is no God in all the earth except in Israel** - AT: "The God of Israel is the only true God!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **I will receive nothing** - AT: "I will not take any gifts."​ +* **Naaman urged Elisha to take a gift, but he refused** - Naaman kept on trying to get Elisha to take a gift, but Elisha continued to refuse. diff --git a/2ki/05/20.md b/2ki/05/20.md index 429d5b977..c3da9260a 100644 --- a/2ki/05/20.md +++ b/2ki/05/20.md @@ -12,3 +12,6 @@ * **Gehazi** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Look, See** - The words “Look" and "see" are used here to draw attention to what he is about to say. * **my master has spared this Naaman the Aramean** - AT: "Elisha has let Naaman the Aramean leave too easily" +* **by not receiving** - "​without accepting any gifts"​ ​ +* **from his hands** - AT: "from him"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **two young men of the sons of the prophets** - AT: "two young men who are prophets"​ diff --git a/2ki/06/06.md b/2ki/06/06.md index b91af7811..48c4540c1 100644 --- a/2ki/06/06.md +++ b/2ki/06/06.md @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **So the man of God said** - "So Elisha asked," +* **who then cut off a stick, threw it in the water, and made the iron float** - God uses Elisha to perform a miracle. The ax head rises to the surface of the water and it stays there so the prophet can pick it up. diff --git a/2ki/06/08.md b/2ki/06/08.md index 2f61edd90..2cdf92417 100644 --- a/2ki/06/08.md +++ b/2ki/06/08.md @@ -7,4 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now the king of Aram was waging war against Israel** - AT: "When the king of Aram was at war with Israel" +* **Now the king of Aram was waging war against Israel** - AT: "When the king of Aram was at war with Israel," +* **My camp will be in such and such a place** - The king of Aram was telling his counselors where to set up the camp. +* **So the man of God** - AT: "So Elisha" ​ +* **Be careful not to pass that place, for the Arameans are coming down to there** - Elisha knew the specific place that the Arameans were going to set up their camp and advised the king of Israel to avoid that area. diff --git a/2ki/06/10.md b/2ki/06/10.md index 73e5359b0..c69590aa4 100644 --- a/2ki/06/10.md +++ b/2ki/06/10.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* +* **to the place about which the man of God had warned him** - Elisha knew the places that were dangerous for the Israelites (because of the Aramean army) and warned the king of Israel about them. * **That warning saved him there several times** - AT: "Because Elisha warned the Israelites, they were able to stay safe from the enemy more than once or twice." * **The mind of the king of Aram** - "The king of Aram was angry" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **Will you not tell me who among us is for the king of Israel** - Will you not tell me who among us is for the king of Israel- AT: "Tell me which of you is a spy for the king of Israel!" or "Which one of you is telling the king of Israel my plans?" +* **Will you not tell me who among us is for the king of Israel** - AT: "Tell me which of you is a spy for the king of Israel!" or "Which one of you is telling the king of Israel my plans?" diff --git a/2ki/06/12.md b/2ki/06/12.md index b5bed1f57..52357c66b 100644 --- a/2ki/06/12.md +++ b/2ki/06/12.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **No** - "It is none of us" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) * **my master, king** - This refers to the king of Aram. * **the words that you speak in your own bedroom** - AT: "what you say in the privacy of your own bedroom" -* **See, he is in Dothan** - See, he is in Dothan- AT: "Elisha is in the city of Dothan." +* **See, he is in Dothan** - AT: "Elisha is in the city of Dothan." * **Dothan** - ([[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/2ki/06/14.md b/2ki/06/14.md index 0799f62a0..d00d9f7bf 100644 --- a/2ki/06/14.md +++ b/2ki/06/14.md @@ -8,3 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **So the king** - This refers to the king of Aram. +* **When the servant of the man of God** - AT: "When Elisha'​s servant"​ +* **had risen early and gone outside, behold** - "got up early in the morning and went outside, he saw" +* **And his servant said to him** - "The servant went back inside and said to Elisha,"​ +* **those who are with us are more than those who are with them** - "those who are on our side in the battle are more than those who are on their side."​ diff --git a/2ki/06/17.md b/2ki/06/17.md index 4824d124e..7a94221da 100644 --- a/2ki/06/17.md +++ b/2ki/06/17.md @@ -8,5 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **open his eyes that he may see** - AT: "make him able to see." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **open his eyes that he may see** - AT: "make him able to see." ​Elisha is asking that his servant may be able to see things that other people cannot see, namely the horses and chariots of fire that are around them. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **and he saw. Behold** - "and he could see. What he saw was that"​ +* **around Elisha** - "​around the city where Elisha was" * **these people** - This refers to the Aramean soldiers. +* **This is not the way, neither is this the city** - AT: "You are not going in the right direction, and are not in the city where you want to be. diff --git a/2ki/06/20.md b/2ki/06/20.md index fc8ccd0d5..4fc74fa0d 100644 --- a/2ki/06/20.md +++ b/2ki/06/20.md @@ -5,5 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **open the eyes of these men that they may see** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **and they saw, and behold** - "and they could see again, and what they saw was that" +* **when he saw them** - "when he saw the Aramean soldiers"​ * **My father** - The king is speaking to Elisha the prophet and calling him "father" to show respect. -* **should I kill them? ** - should I kill them? - AT: "Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **should I kill them? ** - AT: "Should I order my army to kill these enemy soldiers?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/2ki/06/22.md b/2ki/06/22.md index 8633ae5e3..f95741a7d 100644 --- a/2ki/06/22.md +++ b/2ki/06/22.md @@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ ## translationNotes +* **Elisha answered** - Elisha was replying to the king of Israel'​s question. * **Would you kill those whom you had taken captive with your sword and bow?** - AT: "You would not kill men that were captured as prisoners of war." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Put bread and water before them, that they may eat and drink** - AT: "Give them food to eat and water to drink," (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **So the king prepared much food for them** - So the king prepared much food for them- "Then the king ordered his servants to prepare a lot of food for them," (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **go to their master** - "​return to the king of Aram" +* **So the king prepared much food for them** - "Then the king ordered his servants to prepare a lot of food for them," (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **he sent them away** - The king of Israel sent the Aramean soldiers back to their homeland. +* **they went to back to their master** - They returned to the king of Aram. +* **did not return for a long time into the land of Israel** - "​stopped attacking the land of Israel for a long time."​ diff --git a/2ki/06/24.md b/2ki/06/24.md index eb1e4df7c..0196d036b 100644 --- a/2ki/06/24.md +++ b/2ki/06/24.md @@ -16,3 +16,6 @@ * **Benhadad** - The name of the king of Aram. His name means "son of Hadad." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **pieces of silver** - (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) * **kab** - (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalweight]]) +* **besieged it** - AT: "did not let anyone or anything go in or out of the city." or "​blockaded the city."​ +* **So there was a great famine in Samaria** - AT: "​Because of the siege or blockage, there was very little food left in Samaria."​ +* **Behold, they besieged it until a donkey'​s head was sold for eighty pieces of silver** - The Aramean army surrounded the city for a long time, to the point where things that were normally not considered good food (such as a donkey'​s head or dove's dung) were the only food left and worth a high price. diff --git a/2ki/06/27.md b/2ki/06/27.md index d0d7c15db..d9017921f 100644 --- a/2ki/06/27.md +++ b/2ki/06/27.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **He said** - "The king of Israel answered the woman,"​ * **If Yahweh does not help you, how can I help you?** - AT: "If Yaheweh is not helping you, then I cannot help you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Is there anything coming from the threshing floor or winepress?** - AT: "There is no food to harvest or any grapes to make wine to drink." See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **The king continued** - AT: "As they continued to talk, the king asked her," diff --git a/2ki/06/30.md b/2ki/06/30.md index 55de715f5..1e67325fc 100644 --- a/2ki/06/30.md +++ b/2ki/06/30.md @@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ * **heard the words of the woman** - "heard the woman tell what she and the other woman had done," (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **he tore his clothes** - The king ripped his outer garment to show his distress. -* **May God do so to me, and more also, if the head of Elisha the son of Shaphat remains on him today** - AT: "May God punish me and even kill me, if Elisha, son of Shaphat, does not die today." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* He had been walking on the city wall when the woman called out to him in [[:en:bible:notes:2ki:06:24]]. Now he continued walking along it. +* **the people looked and saw that he had sackcloth underneath, against his skin** - By wearing sackcloth even for his undergarments,​ the king showed that he was very sad and upset. AT: "The people could see that the king had rough undergarments on, because he had torn his outer clothes."​ +* **May God do so to me, and more also, if the head of Elisha the son of Shaphat remains on him today** - The king is saying he hopes God will punish him or even kill him if Elisha the prophet does not die because of the things that have happened in the city of Samaria. AT: "May God punish me and even kill me, if Elisha, son of Shaphat, does not die today." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/2ki/06/32.md b/2ki/06/32.md index ad9caf730..53d636a57 100644 --- a/2ki/06/32.md +++ b/2ki/06/32.md @@ -6,7 +6,12 @@ ## translationNotes +* **The king sent a man from before him** - AT: "The king of Israel sent one of his men,"​ +* **when the messenger came to Elisha, he said to the elders** - "when the messenger sent by the king came to Elisha, Elisha said to the elders,"​ * **son of a murderer** - This means that he (the king of Israel) has the characteristics of a murderer. * **to take away my head** - AT: "to cut off my head?" ([[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) or AT: "to kill me?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Is not the sound of his master'​s feet behind him?** - AT: "The king will be coming along right behind him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **While he was still talking with them** - "While Elisha was still talking with the elders,"​ +* **the messenger came down to him** - The messenger arrived, and so did the king, as Elisha had said he would. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **this trouble** - This "trouble" refers to the famine in Samaria and the suffering it caused. -* **Why should I wait for Yahweh any longer?** - AT: "I will not wait any longer for help from Yahweh!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Why should I wait for Yahweh any longer?** - AT: "I will not wait any longer for help from Yahweh!" or "Why should I continue to wait for Yahweh to help us?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/2ki/07/01.md b/2ki/07/01.md index 5e4117ea7..2bd5512a7 100644 --- a/2ki/07/01.md +++ b/2ki/07/01.md @@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ * **measure** - (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalvolume]]) * **shekel** - (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) -* **measure of fine flour will be sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel** - Compare [[:en:bible:notes:2Ki:06:24]] where bad food was sold for very high prices. +* **measure of fine flour will be sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel** - The prices of food would become much less. Compare [[:en:bible:notes:2Ki:06:24]] where bad food was sold for very high prices. * **the captain on whose hand the king leaned** - AT: "the king's assistant" or "an officer who helped the king" * **windows in heaven** - AT: "openings in the sky that Yahweh himself would make grain fall through" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **can this thing happen?** - AT: "I do not believe it could happen!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **you will watch it happen with your own eyes, but you will not eat any of it** - Because the officer did not believe Yahweh could provide the grain, he would see it happen but would not eat any of it. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/2ki/07/03.md b/2ki/07/03.md index 0e6abf4b0..9d6731b31 100644 --- a/2ki/07/03.md +++ b/2ki/07/03.md @@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now** - AT: "At that same time" +* **Now** - AT: "At that same time" (as Elisha was telling the king and his assistant there would be plenty of food for Samaria) +* **right outside the city gate** - AT: "who were just outside the entrance to the city." * **Why should we sit here until we die?** - AT: "Certainly we should not sit here until we die" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **let us go to the army of the Arameans** - AT: "let us go to the place where the army of the Arameans has their camp." -* **If they keep us alive, we will live, and if they kill us, we will only die** - AT: "If the Arameans give us food, we will live, and if they kill us, we were only going to die here anyway." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) +* **If they keep us alive, we will live, and if they kill us, we will only die** - The four men with leprosy are saying that going to the Aramean camp is their only chance to stay alive. AT: "If the Arameans give us food, we will live, and if they kill us, we were only going to die here anyway." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) diff --git a/2ki/07/05.md b/2ki/07/05.md index 65043dc06..30e968fb5 100644 --- a/2ki/07/05.md +++ b/2ki/07/05.md @@ -9,5 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* * -* **The king of Israel has hired the kings of the Hittites and Egyptians** - AT: "The king of Israel has hired the armies of the Hittites and the Egyptians" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **So they rose up at twilight to go into** - AT: "So at the end of the day, the four lepers got up and walked to" +* "the edge"​ +* **For the Lord had made the Aramean army** - AT: "The reason for this was because the Lord had caused the Aramean army to" +* **the Aramean army hear a noise of chariots, and a noise of horses-the noise of another large army** - the noise of another large army** - The soldiers of the Aramean army heard noises that sounded like a large army coming to do battle with them. This was not an actual army, but the Lord had made them hear these sounds. +* **The king of Israel has hired the kings of the Hittites and Egyptians** - Here the kings are being used to represent their armies. AT: "The king of Israel has hired the armies of the Hittites and the Egyptians" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **to come against us** - AT: "to fight us." or "to attack us." diff --git a/2ki/07/07.md b/2ki/07/07.md index b7c36af79..90f042348 100644 --- a/2ki/07/07.md +++ b/2ki/07/07.md @@ -11,4 +11,5 @@ * This is what happened after the Lord caused the Aramean soldiers to think they heard a large enemy army approaching their camp. * **fled in the twilight** - AT: "ran away as the sun was going down" -* **plunder** - to take material from an enemy. +* **the camp as it was** - AT: "left everything in their camp just as it was" +* **plunder** - These were stolen goods or things gotten illegally, especially during a war. diff --git a/2ki/07/09.md b/2ki/07/09.md index cef148216..f73d5c537 100644 --- a/2ki/07/09.md +++ b/2ki/07/09.md @@ -7,5 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **If we wait until daybreak** - "If we wait until tomorrow morning,"​ +* **punishment will overtake us** - AT: "​something bad will happen to us." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **tell the king's household** - AT: "tell the king and his people" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] * **the tents as they were** - AT: "the camp was not changed from how it would have been if the soldiers were still there." [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) diff --git a/2ki/07/12.md b/2ki/07/12.md index 4fe148876..06a974cd3 100644 --- a/2ki/07/12.md +++ b/2ki/07/12.md @@ -9,5 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* * +* **Then the king arose at night** - AT: "It was night when the king heard the news about the empty Aramean camp, so he got up from his bed" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) +* **have done to us** - AT: "are planning to do to us" +* **we will take them alive, and get into the city - ** - ** AT: "we will capture the Israelites and their city." +* **the horses that remain, which are left in the city** - Many of the horses belonging to the Israelites had died because of the famine. AT: "the horses that are still alive in the city." +* **They are like all the rest of the population of Israel who are left** - The men that would go to the Aramean camp would be in danger of being killed. * **let us send them and see** - AT: "Let us send a few men and horses to see what is happening at the camp." diff --git a/2pe/01/01.md b/2pe/01/01.md index 8ab219d5b..70b566384 100644 --- a/2pe/01/01.md +++ b/2pe/01/01.md @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ * **Simon Peter** - “From Simon Peter” Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. This could be translated as “I, Simon Peter, wrote this letter.” * **slave and apostle of Jesus Christ** - Peter speaks of his attitude of being Jesus Christ's servant. He also was given the position and authority of being Christ's apostle. * **to those** - Peter seems to be addressing all believers who may read this letter. Alternate translation: "to believers." -* **we have received ** - we have received - "we apostles have received" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **we have received ** - "we apostles have received" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **grace be to you** - The word "you" refers to all believers in general. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) -* **Jesus our Lord ** - Jesus our Lord - Jesus the Lord of the believers and apostles. -* **May grace be to you; may peace increase through the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord.** - Alternate translation: "May kindness and your peace increase because you truly know God and Jesus our Lord." +* **Jesus our Lord ** - Jesus the Lord of the believers and apostles. +* **May grace be to you; may peace increase through the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord** - Alternate translation: "May kindness and your peace increase because you truly know God and Jesus our Lord." diff --git a/2pe/01/03.md b/2pe/01/03.md index 7179cd89b..1769d4a64 100644 --- a/2pe/01/03.md +++ b/2pe/01/03.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **who called us** - God first reached out to us. "us" refers to Peter and his audience. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **through his own glory and virtue** - "through His Honor and moral excellence" * **Through these, he gave us precious and great promises** - "God's precious and great promises came through His honor and excellence" -* **the divine nature** - the divine nature "God's perfect nature" -* **as you escape from the corruption that is in the world in wicked desires.** - "As you flee from the immoral desires of the world. +* **the divine nature** - "God's perfect nature" +* **as you escape from the corruption that is in the world in wicked desires** - "As you flee from the immoral desires of the world. diff --git a/2pe/01/05.md b/2pe/01/05.md index 2cb59ed7d..9e431f896 100644 --- a/2pe/01/05.md +++ b/2pe/01/05.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * Peter continues to talk to the believers. * **this same reason** - "because of what God has done" * **virtue** - "moral excellence" -* **through your virtue, gain knowledge.** - Through applying moral excellence increase your understanding. +* **through your virtue, gain knowledge** - Through applying moral excellence increase your understanding. * **gain brotherly affection** - “be kind to one another” diff --git a/2pe/01/10.md b/2pe/01/10.md index b6454558a..a98a3141f 100644 --- a/2pe/01/10.md +++ b/2pe/01/10.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * Peter continues to talk to the believers. * **Therefore** - The word "therefore" begins the response of the believer to what was previously stated. -* **make your calling and election sure for yourselves** - "calling" refers to the general invitation of salvation by God to the all people. "election" refers to the specific people that God has chosen. These two words have similar meaning. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **make your calling and election sure for yourselves** - The word "calling" refers to God's general invitation of salvation to the all people. The word "election" refers to the specific people that God has chosen. These two words have similar meanings. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **you will not stumble** - You will not fail morally or spiritually. diff --git a/2pe/01/12.md b/2pe/01/12.md index 2dde5e2ef..da30bffc8 100644 --- a/2pe/01/12.md +++ b/2pe/01/12.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore** - The writer is about to make a statement based on what he previously wrote. (See: discourse information talink) +* **Therefore** - The writer is about to make a statement based on what he previously wrote. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_connectingwords]]) * **I will be ready always to remind you of these things** - Peter is expressing that he will continue to remind the believers in how to follow christ. * **of these things** - how the believers are to grow in Christ. * **to wake you up** - This is an expression for "to bring to your attention." (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/2pe/01/16.md b/2pe/01/16.md index 0345c8145..94b9ffa92 100644 --- a/2pe/01/16.md +++ b/2pe/01/16.md @@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **For we did not follow cleverly invented myths** - For we apostles did not follow cleverly made up stories. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **our ** - our - all believers including us apostles. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **We heard this voice that came out of heaven,** - Peter is referring to himself and the other disciples, James and John, that heard the voice of God. See: ([[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **our ** - all believers including us apostles. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **We heard this voice that came out of heaven** - Peter is referring to himself and the other disciples, James and John, that heard the voice of God. See: ([[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **While we were with him on the holy mountain** - Peter is referring to the time when Jesus glowed with bright light in front of Peter, James and John. (See Matthew [[en:bible:notes:mat:17:01]]). diff --git a/2pe/01/19.md b/2pe/01/19.md index 1a782cb19..2c2ebe312 100644 --- a/2pe/01/19.md +++ b/2pe/01/19.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **We have this prophetic word made sure** - Peter is referring to the apostles. The apostles have the message from the prophets that they know is the truth from God. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **to which you do well to attend.** - Peter is saying to the believers to pay close attention to the prophetic message. +* **to which you do well to attend** - Peter is saying to the believers to pay close attention to the prophetic message. * **It is like a lamp shining in a dark place until the morning comes** - The prophetic word is compared to a lamp that gives light in the dark until light comes in the morning. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **and the morning star rises in your hearts** - The morning star is Christ coming to live in the believers heart. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **but by men carried along by the Holy Spirit who spoke from God.** - Men who were controlled by the Holy Spirit and spoke what God told them. +* **but by men carried along by the Holy Spirit who spoke from God** - Men who were controlled by the Holy Spirit and spoke what God told them. diff --git a/2pe/02/07.md b/2pe/02/07.md index fc55fe3a3..112c84322 100644 --- a/2pe/02/07.md +++ b/2pe/02/07.md @@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And he rescued righteous Lot,** - God delivered Lot, who lived morally. +* **And he rescued righteous Lot** - God delivered Lot, who lived morally. * **who was constantly troubled by the behavior** - Lot was consistently troubled or harassed by the immoral behavior of the citizens of Sodom and Gamorrah. * **men in lustfulness** - “men in wrongful sexual desire.” * **that righteous man** - This refers to Lot being righteous. * **godly men** - "men obedient to God" -* **tormented his righteous soul.** - Troubled his inner self. +* **tormented his righteous soul** - Troubled his inner self. * **unrighteous men in custody** - The unrighteous men will not escape God's judgment. When they die they will be detained until judgement day. diff --git a/2pe/02/10.md b/2pe/02/10.md index 1c9f66a54..49b6fc11e 100644 --- a/2pe/02/10.md +++ b/2pe/02/10.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * **those who continue in the corrupt desires of the flesh and despise authority** - The ungodly who continue to follow the sinful nature and resent rulers or those in charge. * **the flesh** - The word “flesh” refers to the physical or sinful nature of human beings. * **they are bold and self willed** - The word "they" refers to those who continue in the corrupt desires of their sinful nature and do not respect angels spiritual authority. -* **They are not afraid to blaspheme the glorious ones.** - The ungodly are not afraid to insult and say evil things about angels. +* **They are not afraid to blaspheme the glorious ones** - The ungodly are not afraid to insult and say evil things about angels. * **Angels have greater strength and ability than all men** - Angels are physically stronger and have more authority, and influence than men. * **but they do not bring insulting judgments against them to the Lord** - "but angels do not bring insulting judgments against these men to the Lord" diff --git a/2pe/02/12.md b/2pe/02/12.md index bb66138ec..aa9694d1d 100644 --- a/2pe/02/12.md +++ b/2pe/02/12.md @@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **these mindless animals** - Just as animals can not reason, these men can not be reasoned with. AT: "these false teachers are like mindless animals" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **They do no know what they insult.** - They speak evil of what they do not know or understanding. +* **They do no know what they insult** - They speak evil of what they do not know or understanding. * **They will be destroyed.** - AT: "God will destroy these people" (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **They are harmed by the reward of their wrongdoing** - "what they think is good for them is actually bad for them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) -* **They are stains and blemishes.** - False teachers disgrace and dishonor and are like stains and blemishes not easily removed leaving unwanted marks. See: ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **They are stains and blemishes** - The words "stains" and "blemishes" share similar meanings. False teachers disgrace and dishonor and are like stains and blemishes that a person cannot easily remove. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **They enjoy their deceitful pleasures while they feast with you** - They continue in their pleasures deceiving the innocent while looking in their eyes and they do not feel guilt. * **eyes full of adulterous women; they are never satisfied with sin** - "They lust after every woman that they see, and never have enough." * **hearts trained in covetousness** - The "heart", representing the whole person, is trained in the thought and act of greediness. they wrongly desire wealth or possessions. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche diff --git a/2pe/02/15.md b/2pe/02/15.md index fe124ae51..2602fb322 100644 --- a/2pe/02/15.md +++ b/2pe/02/15.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **They have abandoned...went astray...have followed** - "false teachers have abandoned...went astray...have followed". False teachers have refused to be obedient to God by rejecting what is right. -* **who loved to receive payment for unrighteousness.** - Accepted payment for immoral and sinful acts. -* **But he obtained a rebuke for his own transgression.** - He was sternly corrected for his disobedience. -* **stopped the prophet's insanity** - God used a donkey to stop the prophet's foolish action. See: (Num. 22:21-30) +* **who loved to receive payment for unrighteousness** - Accepted payment for immoral and sinful acts. +* **But he obtained a rebuke for his own transgression** - He was sternly corrected for his disobedience. +* **stopped the prophet's insanity** - God used a donkey to stop the prophet's foolish action. diff --git a/2pe/02/17.md b/2pe/02/17.md index fd2e5ba18..254fee8fb 100644 --- a/2pe/02/17.md +++ b/2pe/02/17.md @@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ * **these men are like springs without water** - Just as a spring that is dried up does not provide water for physical life, their teaching does not lead to spiritual life. "They are a false place of refreshing. An empty oasis." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **They are like clouds that a storm drives** - Storm clouds carry rain. This rain can bring nourishing water or destructive floods. These men are like those clouds carrying destruction. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **They speak with vain arrogance.** - Their speech is boastful without meaning. -* **They entice people through the lusts of the flesh.** - They appeal to the sinful nature to engage people in immoral and sinful actions. -* **They entice people who try to escape from those who live in error.** - They pry on people who are new to the faith. -* **They promise freedom to them, but they themselves are slaves of corruption.** - They promise a false freedom, a freedom to sin for believers. But this is slavery to sin. -* **For a man is a slave to whatever overcomes him.** - A man will pursue those desires he lacks self-control over. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **They speak with vain arrogance** - Their speech is boastful without meaning. +* **They entice people through the lusts of the flesh** - They appeal to the sinful nature to engage people in immoral and sinful actions. +* **They entice people who try to escape from those who live in error** - They try to destroy people who are new to the faith. +* **They promise freedom to them, but they themselves are slaves of corruption** - They promise a false freedom, a freedom to sin for believers. But this is slavery to sin. +* **For a man is a slave to whatever overcomes him** - A man will pursue those desires he lacks self-control over. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/2pe/02/20.md b/2pe/02/20.md index 93a5e22cb..eb8ed9027 100644 --- a/2pe/02/20.md +++ b/2pe/02/20.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Whoever escapes the defilements of the world through the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ,** - Any person that has accepted the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ and turned from unclean and unholy living. -* **it has become for them worse than at the first.** - They are worse off because they have knowledge of holy living and have chosen to return to a life of sin. -* **have known the way of righteousness ** - Living a life pleasing to God. -* **holy commandment delivered to them.** - God's rules and laws given to them so they would know how to live for God. -* **This proverb...a dog returns to its own vomit. A washed pig returns to the mud.** - A wise saying that is comparing how those that know the truth but returns to ungodly living. "A dog returns to its own vomit" refers to proverbs 26:11. In either case the meaning is "the animal is unable to be trained not to defile itself." +* **Whoever escapes the defilements of the world through the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ** - Any person that has accepted the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ and turned from unclean and unholy living. +* **it has become for them worse than at the first** - They are worse off because they have knowledge of holy living and have chosen to return to a life of sin. +* **have known the way of righteousness** - Living a life pleasing to God. +* **holy commandment delivered to them** - God's rules and laws given to them so they would know how to live for God. +* **This proverb...a dog returns to its own vomit. A washed pig returns to the mud.** - A wise saying that is comparing how those that know the truth but returns to ungodly living. "A dog returns to its own vomit" refers to Proverbs 26:11. In either case the meaning is "the animal is unable to be trained not to defile itself." diff --git a/2pe/03/01.md b/2pe/03/01.md index 4eae29047..c0357db74 100644 --- a/2pe/03/01.md +++ b/2pe/03/01.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now, I write to you, beloved, this second letter to arouse your sincere mind, ** - Peter changes his discussion and now reminds his audience that this is his second letter to them to excite their faithful thinking and actions. +* **Now, I write to you, beloved, this second letter to arouse your sincere mind** - Peter changes his discussion and now reminds his audience that this is his second letter to them to excite their faithful thinking and actions. * **so that you may recall the words said before ** - The reason is to refresh their memories of the teachings by the apostles, the words of holy prophets and commands of Jesus. diff --git a/2pe/03/05.md b/2pe/03/05.md index 2eb160f7a..9cdfe1733 100644 --- a/2pe/03/05.md +++ b/2pe/03/05.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ * **and that through his word and the water the world at that time, being flooded, was destroyed** - "The same word that God used to create the world he used to destroy the existing world with a flood" * **that same word** - "the word of God" * **and that the heavens and the earth are reserved by that same word for fire** - "God's word is reserving the heavens and earth for fire." -* **being reserved for the day of judgment and the destruction of the ungodly people.** - Heavens and earth are being kept until God judges the ungodly people. +* **being reserved for the day of judgment and the destruction of the ungodly people** - Heavens and earth are being kept until God judges the ungodly people. diff --git a/2pe/03/08.md b/2pe/03/08.md index 786678d0e..f326f0b2f 100644 --- a/2pe/03/08.md +++ b/2pe/03/08.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This should not escape your notice, beloved,** - "Beloved, do not forget" +* **This should not escape your notice, beloved** - "Beloved, do not forget" * **that one day with the Lord is like a thousand years, and a thousand years like one day** - God is not on a time schedule. * ** as some consider slowness to be, but he is patient toward you** - Where some people may think God is slow in acting on His promises, He is practicing patience toward you. * ** but he desire to allow time for all to repent** - God is giving everyone the time to repent before his judgement day. diff --git a/2pe/03/10.md b/2pe/03/10.md index d395ac543..283e4818f 100644 --- a/2pe/03/10.md +++ b/2pe/03/10.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **However,** - Although the Lord is being patient wants people to repent, he will return and bring judgment. -* **the day of the Lord will come as a thief.** - Just as a thief does not announce that he is coming to rob a house, Jesus will appear unannounced. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **However** - Although the Lord is being patient wants people to repent, he will return and bring judgment. +* **the day of the Lord will come as a thief** - Just as a thief does not announce that he is coming to rob a house, Jesus will appear unannounced. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **The heavens will pass away with a loud noise. The elements will be burned with fire** - Loud noise and fire are vivid descriptions of the destruction of heaven and earth. It will not escape anyone's attention! -* **the works in it will be judged.** - God will judge all the good or bad things people have done. +* **the works in it will be judged** - God will judge all the good or bad things people have done. diff --git a/2pe/03/14.md b/2pe/03/14.md index b26a48901..5823f3c93 100644 --- a/2pe/03/14.md +++ b/2pe/03/14.md @@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **and to be found at peace with him.** - "and to be at peace with God" +* **do your best to be found spotless and blameless** - The words "spotless" and "blameless" mean basically the same thing and emphasize moral purity. AT: "do your best to have God find you completely pure" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **and to be found at peace with him** - "and to be at peace with God" * **And consider the patience of our Lord to be salvation** - The Lord waits to grant eternal life to those who will believe in Jesus. * **our beloved brother Paul** - A fellow apostle who also wrote to the believers that Peter is addressing. -* **according to the wisdom that was given to him.** - AT: "According to the knowledge and understanding that God gave Paul" +* **according to the wisdom that was given to him** - AT: "According to the knowledge and understanding that God gave Paul" * **Paul speaks of these things in all his letters** - "Paul speaks of the patience of God leading to salvation in all his letters" -* **in which there are things that are difficult to understand. ** - There are things in Paul's letter that is not easy to know the meaning of. -* **Undisciplined and unstable men distort these things,** - Ungodly men give false representation of the things of the last days as well as distorting other scripture and will be judged for this. +* **in which there are things that are difficult to understand** - There are things in Paul's letter that is not easy to know the meaning of. +* **Undisciplined and unstable men distort these things** - Ungodly men give false representation of the things of the last days as well as distorting other scripture and will be judged for this. diff --git a/2pe/03/17.md b/2pe/03/17.md index 797fd3d8e..f5b9d032a 100644 --- a/2pe/03/17.md +++ b/2pe/03/17.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore, beloved, since you know these things,** - The truth about the patience of God and the teachings of these false teachers. -* ** guard yourselves ** - "Be aware and protect yourself" +* **Therefore, beloved, since you know these things** - The truth about the patience of God and the teachings of these false teachers. +* ** guard yourselves** - "Be aware and protect yourself" * **you lose your own faithfulness** - You start doubting your faith in Jesus Christ. * **But grow in...** - Peter describes how the believers are to grow in their faithfulness and guard against the false teachers. diff --git a/2sa/24/01.md b/2sa/24/01.md index e6c19295b..8ce6cbaed 100644 --- a/2sa/24/01.md +++ b/2sa/24/01.md @@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ * [[en:tw:judah]] * [[en:tw:judah|Judah]] * [[en:tw:king]] -* [[en:tw:kingdomofisrael]] -* [[en:tw:kingdomofjudah]] * [[en:tw:king|king]] * [[en:tw:know]] * [[en:tw:tribe]] @@ -26,5 +24,5 @@ * **the anger of Yahweh was ignited against Israel** - The word "ignite" means start a fire. AT: "the anger of Yahweh started to burn like a fire" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **he moved David against them** - "he caused David to oppose them" * **Go, count Israel and Judah** - In the Law of Moses, God prohibited the kings of Israel from taking a census of fighting men. -* **Dan to Beersheba ** - Dan to Beersheba - This phrase uses two place names Dan and Beersheba to represent the entire country. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Dan to Beersheba ** - This phrase uses two place names Dan and Beersheba to represent the entire country. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * ** fit for battle** - To count all the men except those men who are either too young, too old, or physically unable to fight. diff --git a/2th/01/03.md b/2th/01/03.md index c7d590b3c..6198327f3 100644 --- a/2th/01/03.md +++ b/2th/01/03.md @@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ * **toward one another** - "towards your fellow believers" * **for you** - This refers to the believers at Thessalonica. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **We ourselves** - "ourselves" is a reflexive pronoun used here to emphasize Paul's boasting. Some translations just state "we". -* **persecutions and afflictions** - persecutions and afflictions This says the same thing in different ways to emphasize how severely they were suffering. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **persecutions and afflictions** - These words mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize how severely they were suffering. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **that you will be counted worthy** - that God would consider you valuable for Him to have you in His kingdom diff --git a/2th/02/05.md b/2th/02/05.md index 45cd9c237..cdca1d57e 100644 --- a/2th/02/05.md +++ b/2th/02/05.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **Do you not remember** - This rhetorical question is used to remind the believers of Paul's teachings. It can be translated as "I am sure you remember". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Do you not** - "you" refers to the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **these things** - This refers to the return of Jesus, the day of the Lord, and the man of lawlessness.​ -* **for him to be revealed when it is time for him to be ** - for him to be revealed when it is time for him to be - "until God decides to reveal the man of lawlessness" +* **for him to be revealed when it is time for him to be ** - "until God decides to reveal the man of lawlessness" * **mystery of lawlessness** - A sacred secret that is not known by human reason but is only known by the revelation of God. diff --git a/2th/03/04.md b/2th/03/04.md index 4aaa45c6c..78cbf550f 100644 --- a/2th/03/04.md +++ b/2th/03/04.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **in the Lord** - "joined to the Lord" (UDB) -* **we ** - we - “we” refers to Paul, Silas and Timothy but not their audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **concerning ** - concerning - "about" +* **we ** - “we” refers to Paul, Silas and Timothy but not their audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **concerning ** - "about" * **you** - “you” and "your" refer to the Thessalonian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **direct your hearts** - This is an expression that refers to the believers not just a body part. "guide your hearts" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/2th/03/06.md b/2th/03/06.md index 82248ad1c..93795c275 100644 --- a/2th/03/06.md +++ b/2th/03/06.md @@ -18,5 +18,6 @@ * **our Lord** - "our" includes the Thessalonians believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]). * **live idly ** - "is lazy and refuses to work" (UDB) * **to imitate us** - "to act like us" -* **we worked night and day** - "we worked very hard" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **in labor and toil we worked** - The words "labor" and "toil" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize how hard they worked. AT: "we worked very hard" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **night and day** - "during the night and during the day" * **It is not that we do not have authority ** - "We have authority" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) diff --git a/2th/03/10.md b/2th/03/10.md index b382eb20e..bf8c9e999 100644 --- a/2th/03/10.md +++ b/2th/03/10.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **we ** - refers to Paul, Silas and Timothy but not the Thessalonians. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]). * **you** - refer to Thessalonians believers (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **some walk idly** - some walk idly- "some live idle lives" or "some are lazy" +* **some walk idly** - "some live idle lives" or "some are lazy" * **with quietness** - "in a quiet, peaceful, mild manner" diff --git a/2th/03/13.md b/2th/03/13.md index 125b2a7dc..41bd983d6 100644 --- a/2th/03/13.md +++ b/2th/03/13.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But ** - But - "but" contrasts between the lazy believers to the hard working believers. +* **But ** - "but" contrasts between the lazy believers to the hard working believers. * **you** - this refers to the Thessalonians believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **do not lose heart** - This is an idiom for "do not be discouraged". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **take note of him** - "publicly identify that person" (UDB). diff --git a/2ti/01/01.md b/2ti/01/01.md index 70ec6e0c3..aa8b4111b 100644 --- a/2ti/01/01.md +++ b/2ti/01/01.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Paul ** - Paul - "From Paul" or "I, Paul write this letter" +* **Paul ** - "From Paul" or "I, Paul write this letter" * **through the will of God** - "because of God's will" or "because God wanted it to be this way." Paul became an apostle because God wanted Paul to be an apostle, and not because a human being chose him. * **according to** - Possible meanings: 1) "in keeping with," meaning that just as God promises that Jesus gives life, he has made Paul an apostle; 2) "for the purpose of," meaning that God appointed Paul to tell others about God's promise of life in Jesus. * **the promise of the life which is in Christ Jesus** - "God has promised to make those who are in Christ Jesus alive" diff --git a/2ti/01/03.md b/2ti/01/03.md index 93b24da47..269292cf3 100644 --- a/2ti/01/03.md +++ b/2ti/01/03.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ * [[en:tw:conscience]] * [[en:tw:faith]] -* [[en:tw:filled]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:joy]] * [[en:tw:pray]] @@ -10,13 +9,13 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I serve from my forefathers** - Paul worships the same God as his ancient ancestors did. This could also read, "… for whom I perform my duties as a Christian just as my ancestors who came before me did…" +* **I serve from my forefathers** - Paul worships the same God as his ancient ancestors did. AT: "… for whom I perform my duties as a Christian just as my ancestors who came before me did…" * **in a pure conscience** - "with a clean conscience." He is not bothered by thoughts of wrongdoing because he has always tried to do what was right. -* **as I constantly remember you ** - as I constantly remember you - "when I remember you continuously" or 'while I remember you all the time" or "that I constantly remember you" -* **night and day ** - "my prayers night and day" 2) remember - "I constantly remember you night and day 3) longing - 'longing to see you night and day." +* **as I constantly remember you ** - "when I remember you continuously" or 'while I remember you all the time" +* **night and day ** - Possible meanings are 1) "my prayers night and day" 2) "I constantly remember you night and day 3) "longing to see you night and day." * **longing to see you** - "wanting very much to see you" * **remembering your tears** - "keeping all the things that you have suffered in my mind" * **may be filled with joy** - "have much joy" or "be very joyful" -* **having been reminded ** - having been reminded - "because I have been reminded" or "when I have been reminded" or "for I have been reminded" or "and having been reminded" -* **your genuine faith** - "your faith that is real" or "your faith that is not pretended.” The word translated as "genuine" is the negative of the word for a performer who acts in a theater. It means “honest” or “true.” +* **having been reminded ** - "because I have been reminded" or "when I have been reminded" or "for I have been reminded" or "and having been reminded" +* **your genuine faith** - "your faith that is real" or "your faith that is not pretended.” It refers to being honest or true. * **faith … which lived in your grandmother … now lives in you** - Timothy's Grandmother was a devout woman and Paul is comparing Timothy's faith with his grandmother's. diff --git a/2ti/01/06.md b/2ti/01/06.md index 539f15e63..8ccaf4e70 100644 --- a/2ti/01/06.md +++ b/2ti/01/06.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This is the reason ** - This is the reason - "For this reason" or "Because of your sincere faith in Jesus" or "Since you have a sincere faith in Jesus" -* **I remind you ** - I remind you - "I am reminding you" or "I am telling you again" +* **This is the reason ** - "For this reason" or "Because of your sincere faith in Jesus" or "Since you have a sincere faith in Jesus" +* **I remind you ** - "I am reminding you" or "I am telling you again" * **rekindle the gift of God in you through the laying on of my hands** - Paul had laid hands on Timothy conferring the Holy Spirit and a spiritual ability or gift upon him. Paul is telling Timothy to "relight" or "rekindle" that spiritual ability in his work for Christ. The picture of blowing on or fanning a bed of coals is a metaphor for spiritual abilities and gifts that Timothy had been neglecting or not using. -* **For God ** - For God - "Because God" or "Since God" +* **For God ** - "Because God" or "Since God" * **God did not give us a spirit of fear** - Paul had received the Spirit from God. When he laid his hands on Timothy, the same Spirit had come upon Timothy. This Spirit did not cause them to be afraid of God or of other people. * **spirit of ... discipline** - Possible meanings are "God's Spirit enables us to control ourselves" (see UDB) or 2) "God's Spirit enables us to correct others who go wrong." diff --git a/2ti/01/08.md b/2ti/01/08.md index 3547ed6e4..81990d290 100644 --- a/2ti/01/08.md +++ b/2ti/01/08.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Then do not be ashamed ** - Then do not be ashamed - "Therefore do not be afraid" or "So do not be fearful" +* **Then do not be ashamed ** - "Therefore do not be afraid" or "So do not be fearful" * **share in suffering for the gospel** - Paul was suffering wrongly for the sake of the Gospel. He is telling Timothy to not be afraid to suffer for the Gospel in the same way. * **according to the power of God** - "allowing God to make you strong" * **not according to our works** - "it is not by how many good things we do that we are saved" or "God does not save us on the basis of the good things we do" or "God saves us even though we have done bad things" diff --git a/2ti/02/06.md b/2ti/02/06.md index 9172d7c69..0948bb4e3 100644 --- a/2ti/02/06.md +++ b/2ti/02/06.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/2ti/02/11.md b/2ti/02/11.md index c0aeb1f4c..f423ec0b8 100644 --- a/2ti/02/11.md +++ b/2ti/02/11.md @@ -11,5 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **this saying** - "these words" +* **died** - Here this means someone dying to himself. In other words, refusing to give into his own desires. * **if we are unfaithful** - "even if we fail God" or "even if we do not do what we believe God wants us to do" * **he cannot deny himself** - "he must always do act according to his character" or “he cannot act in ways that are opposite of his real character” diff --git a/2ti/02/16.md b/2ti/02/16.md index b3f668969..02f0ceada 100644 --- a/2ti/02/16.md +++ b/2ti/02/16.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Their word will spread like gangrene** - "What they say will spread like an infectious disease." Just as gangrene quickly spreads in a person's body and destroys it, what those people were saying would spread from person to person and harm the faith of those who heard it. Alternate translation: "Their word will spread quickly and cause destruction like gangrene" or "People will quickly hear what they say and be harmed by it." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **Their word will spread like gangrene** - "What they say will spread like an infectious disease." Just as gangrene quickly spreads in a person's body and destroys it, what those people were saying would spread from person to person and harm the faith of those who heard it. AT: "Their word will spread quickly and cause destruction like gangrene" or "People will quickly hear what they say and be harmed by it." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **gangrene** - dead, rotting flesh. The only way to keep gangrene from spreading and killing the ill person is to cut off the affected area. * **wandered from the truth** - This can mean 1) "have made errors about the truth" or "are in error about the truth," like an arrow missing its target, or 2) "have stopped believing in the truth." * **the resurrection has already happened** - "God has already raised dead believers to eternal life" diff --git a/2ti/02/19.md b/2ti/02/19.md index 2d7dfd2ce..43ee56bce 100644 --- a/2ti/02/19.md +++ b/2ti/02/19.md @@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:consecrate]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:good]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] diff --git a/2ti/02/22.md b/2ti/02/22.md index cb0e62abf..fb2f0dea4 100644 --- a/2ti/02/22.md +++ b/2ti/02/22.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:heart]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:love]] * [[en:tw:lust]] * [[en:tw:peace]] @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Flee … pursue** - These metaphors share the idea of running as fast as you can. To flee is to run from something that will harm you; to pursue is to run toward something that will do you good. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) -* **Flee youthful lusts** - “run away from lusts that tempt younger people” the way a person flees an attacking animal or murderer. If your language cannot make lusts a noun, this could be translated as “absolutely refuse to do the things that young men strongly desire to do” or “do everything you can to stay away from doing ….” -* **pursue righteousness, faith, love, peace** - “chase after righteousness, faith, love, peace.” If your language cannot make righteousness, faith, love, peace nouns, this could be translated as “do everything you can to do what is right, ….” +* **Flee youthful lusts** - “run away from lusts that tempt younger people” the way a person flees an attacking animal or murderer. If your language cannot make lusts a noun, AT: “absolutely refuse to do the things that young men strongly desire to do” or “do everything you can to stay away from doing ….” +* **pursue righteousness, faith, love, peace** - “chase after righteousness, faith, love, peace.” If your language cannot make righteousness, faith, love, peace nouns, AT: “do everything you can to do what is right, ….” * **faith** - Possible meanings: 1) see [[en:obe:kt:faith]]; 2) see [[en:obe:kt:faithful]]. * **with** - Possible meanings: 1) "in the company of," meaning "join with other Christians in pursuing righteousness, …"; 2) "as you relate with," meaning "do everything you can to … be at peace with other Christians." * **them who call on the Lord** - "Christians" or "those who call themselves the Lord's people" diff --git a/2ti/02/24.md b/2ti/02/24.md index c76aefffc..4de9c91e3 100644 --- a/2ti/02/24.md +++ b/2ti/02/24.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:satan]] * [[en:tw:servant]] @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **give them repentance** - "help them to turn from their sin" * **for the knowledge of the truth** - "so that they will know the truth" * **they may regain their senses** - "they may no longer think wrong thoughts" or "they may start listening to God again" -* **the trap of the devil** - People who have fallen into the trap of the devil is a metaphor for people who think they are following God when they are really following the devil. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the trap of the devil** - is a metaphor for people who think they are following God when they are really following the devil. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **having been captured by him for his will** - "the devil has captured them and now makes them do whatever he wants them to do" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/2ti/03/05.md b/2ti/03/05.md index ae6155e8f..7c87c2939 100644 --- a/2ti/03/05.md +++ b/2ti/03/05.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **have a form of godliness** - have a form of godliness- "appear religious" or "appear righteous" or "appear good" +* **have a form of godliness** - "appear religious" or "appear righteous" or "appear good" * **they will deny the power of it** - Possible meanings are 1) "they will refuse to accept the power that God truly wants to give them" (UDB) or 2) “their lives will show no evidence of the godliness they say they have.” * **Turn away from** - "Avoid" * **who enter into** - "who sneak into" @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **captivate** - "have power to influence" * **foolish women** - "women who are spiritually weak." This can be because they fail to work at becoming godly or because they are idle or because they "are overwhelmed with sins." * **who are overwhelmed with sins** - Possible meanings are 1) "who are overcome by an abundance of sins" or 2) "who sin often." The idea is that they are unable to keep from sinning. -* **who … are led away by various desires** - This could be translated as a separate sentence: "These women desire many other things so much that they stop obeying Christ" or "These women stop obeying Christ and instead go after the many other things they desire." +* **who … are led away by various desires** - AT: "These women desire many other things so much that they stop obeying Christ" or "These women stop obeying Christ and instead go after the many other things they desire." * **knowledge ** - This word means what you know about a person when you watch them carefully for a long time. diff --git a/2ti/04/01.md b/2ti/04/01.md index 895e1294c..d3f815a01 100644 --- a/2ti/04/01.md +++ b/2ti/04/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **In the sight of God and of Christ Jesus** - "Where God and Christ Jesus can see us" or "In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus" or "Where God and Christ Jesus can be witnesses and can judge" -* **who is about to judge ** - who is about to judge - "who will come soon to judge" +* **who is about to judge ** - "who will come soon to judge" * **solemnly** - "strongly" or "seriously" or "meaning every word" * **when it is not** - "those times when it is not convenient" * **Reprove** - “Show to be guilty” or "Tell them what they have done wrong" diff --git a/2ti/04/06.md b/2ti/04/06.md index 1ad735662..ae2b44326 100644 --- a/2ti/04/06.md +++ b/2ti/04/06.md @@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For ** - For - This tells why Paul gives the command in verse 5. It can also be translated as "because" or "since." +* **For ** - This tells why Paul gives the command in verse 5. AT: "because" or "since." * **The time of my departure has come** - "soon I will die and leave this world" (UDB). Paul realizes that he will not live much longer. * **I have competed in the good contest** - This is a sports metaphor of fighting, wrestling, or boxing. Paul has done his best. This can also be translated as "I have done my best" or "I gave my best." -* **I have finished the race ** - I have finished the race - This metaphor pictures finishing life as reaching the finish line of a footrace. This can also be translated as "I have completed what I need to do." +* **I have finished the race ** - This metaphor pictures finishing life as reaching the finish line of a footrace. AT: "I have completed what I need to do." * **I have kept the faith** - Possible meanings are 1) "I have kept the teachings about what we believe from any error" or 2) "I have been faithful in doing my ministry" (see UDB). -* **The crown of righteousness has been reserved for me** - This could be translated as "the crown of righteousness will be given to me." +* **The crown of righteousness has been reserved for me** - AT: "the crown of righteousness will be given to me." * **crown of righteousness** - Possible meanings are 1) the crown is the prize that God gives to people who have lived the right way (see UDB) or 2) the crown is a metaphor (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) for righteousness; just as the judge of a race gives a crown to the winner, when Paul finishes his life, God will declare that Paul is righteous. * **crown** - a wreath made of laurel leaves that was given to winners of athletic contests * **on that day** - "on the day when the Lord comes again" or "on the day when God judges people" diff --git a/2ti/04/09.md b/2ti/04/09.md index 5a69c1775..a776f76b0 100644 --- a/2ti/04/09.md +++ b/2ti/04/09.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **quickly ** - quickly - This can also mean "as soon as possible." +* **quickly ** - AT: "as soon as possible." * **for** - because -* **He loves ** - He loves - "because Demas loves" -* **this present world ** - this present world - Possible meanings are 1) the temporary things of this world, "the pleasures and comfort of this world," or 2) this present life and safety from dying (Demas may have been afraid that people would kill him if he stayed with Paul.) +* **He loves ** - "because Demas loves" +* **this present world ** - Possible meanings are 1) the temporary things of this world, "the pleasures and comfort of this world," or 2) this present life and safety from dying (Demas may have been afraid that people would kill him if he stayed with Paul.) * **so has gone** - "so Demas has gone" * **Crescens went … and Titus went …** - These two men had left Paul, but Paul is not saying that they also "love this present world" like Demas. diff --git a/2ti/04/11.md b/2ti/04/11.md index b99158faf..4e3f7409a 100644 --- a/2ti/04/11.md +++ b/2ti/04/11.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **he is useful to me in the work ** - he is useful to me in the work - Possible meanings are 1) "he can help me in the ministry" or 2) "he can help me by serving me" +* **he is useful to me in the work ** - Possible meanings are 1) "he can help me in the ministry" or 2) "he can help me by serving me" * **it** - Refers to the cloak Paul had left at Troas diff --git a/2ti/04/14.md b/2ti/04/14.md index e1939b5dc..32e9013d2 100644 --- a/2ti/04/14.md +++ b/2ti/04/14.md @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **displayed much ill-will toward me ** - displayed much ill-will toward me - "did evil things against me" or "did harmful things to me" -* **You also should watch him ** - You also should watch him - "Beware of him yourself too" or "Be very careful of him yourself" or "You must protect yourself from him" +* **displayed much ill-will toward me ** - will toward me **- "did evil things against me" or "did harmful things to me" +* **You also should watch him ** - "Beware of him yourself too" or "Be very careful of him yourself" or "You must protect yourself from him" * **him … his … him … he** - All refer to Alexander. * **he greatly stood against our words** - "he acted with great effort to oppose our message" or "he strongly contradicted our words" * **no one stood with me, but everyone left me** - "no one stayed with me and helped me. Instead, everyone left me" diff --git a/2ti/04/17.md b/2ti/04/17.md index 3846986ea..a8e0f0906 100644 --- a/2ti/04/17.md +++ b/2ti/04/17.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **stood by me** - "stood by me to help me" * **the proclamation might be fully accomplished, and that all the Gentiles might hear** - Possible meanings are 1) this had already happened (see UDB) or 2) this was still future to Paul, "so that I will be able to speak his word fully and so that all the Gentiles will hear it." -* **I was rescued out of the lion's mouth** - This is a metaphor that could be could be translated as "I was rescued from great danger." This danger could have been physical, spiritual or both. +* **I was rescued out of the lion's mouth** - This danger could have been physical, spiritual or both. AT: "I was rescued from great danger." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/2ti/04/19.md b/2ti/04/19.md index 0f9797295..dc69b71bd 100644 --- a/2ti/04/19.md +++ b/2ti/04/19.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Greet ** - Greet - "Say hello to ... for me" or "Tell ... that I am thinking of them" +* **Greet ** - "Say hello to ... for me" or "Tell ... that I am thinking of them" * **house of Onesiphorus** - "family of Onesiphorus" -* **Do your best to come** - This can also be translated "Make a way to come." -* **also Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers ** - also Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers - "Pudens, Linus, Claudia and all the brothers also greet you" +* **Do your best to come** - AT: "Make a way to come." +* **also Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers ** - "Pudens, Linus, Claudia and all the brothers also greet you" * **all the brothers** - "all the believers here," male and female * **May the Lord be with your spirit** - "I am asking God to make your spirit strong" -* **May grace be with you ** - May grace be with you - "I am asking the Lord to show his kindness to all of you there" or "I am asking the Lord to show favor to all of you there" +* **May grace be with you ** - "I am asking the Lord to show his kindness to all of you there" or "I am asking the Lord to show favor to all of you there" diff --git a/act/01/01.md b/act/01/01.md index f351ecf09..a063ebe81 100644 --- a/act/01/01.md +++ b/act/01/01.md @@ -1,18 +1,25 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:apostle]] +* [[en:tw:apostle|apostle, apostleship]] * [[en:tw:command]] +* [[en:tw:command|command, to command, commandment]] * [[en:tw:elect]] +* [[en:tw:elect|chosen one, chosen people, Chosen One, the elect]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] +* [[en:tw:holyspirit|Holy Spirit, Spirit of God, Spirit of the Lord]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:jesus|Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:kingdomofgod|kingdom of God, kingdom of heaven]] * [[en:tw:suffer]] +* [[en:tw:suffer|suffer, suffering]] ## translationNotes * **The former book I wrote** - The former book is the Gospel of Luke. -* **O Theophilus** - Luke wrote this book to a man named Theophilus. The word “O” is used because Luke was addressing him. Some translations follow their own culture's way of addressing a letter and write "Dear Theophilus" at the beginning of the sentence. Theophilus means "friend of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **O Theophilus** - Luke wrote this book to a man named Theophilus. The word “O” is used because Luke was addressing him. Some translations follow their own culture's way of addressing a letter and write "Dear Theophilus" at the beginning of the sentence. Theophilus means "friend of God." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **until the day that he was received up** - This refers to Jesus' ascension into heaven. -* **command through the Holy Spirit** - The Holy Spirit lead Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things. +* **command through the Holy Spirit** - The Holy Spirit led Jesus to instruct his apostles on certain things. * **after his suffering** - This refers to Jesus' suffering and death on the cross. * **appearing to many others** - Jesus appeared to many of his disciples beyond the original 12 apostles. diff --git a/act/01/04.md b/act/01/04.md index fe390db4d..4769aa739 100644 --- a/act/01/04.md +++ b/act/01/04.md @@ -1,17 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:baptize]] +* [[en:tw:baptize|baptize, baptism]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] +* [[en:tw:godthefather|God the Father, heavenly Father]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] +* [[en:tw:holyspirit|Holy Spirit, Spirit of God, Spirit of the Lord]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:jerusalem|Jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:johnthebaptist|John (the Baptist)]] ## translationNotes * **When he…** - "he" is referring to Jesus. * **with them…** - "them" is referring to the 11 apostles. -* **he commanded them not to leave Jerusalem** - "he ordered them to remain in Jerusalem". This can also be translated with a direct quote as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) +* **he commanded them not to leave Jerusalem** - "he ordered them to remain in Jerusalem". This can also be translated with a direct quote as in the UDB. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **promise of the Father** - This is a reference to the Holy Spirit. * **baptized with water…baptized in the Spirit** - Jesus contrasted John's baptism with water, to God's baptism which will be with the Holy Spirit. -* **John baptized with water** - For languages that require an object with "baptize," this can be translated as "John baptized people with water" or "John baptized them with water." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) -* **you shall be baptized** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will baptize you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **John baptized with water** - For languages that require an object with "baptize," this can be translated as "John baptized people with water" or "John baptized them with water." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) +* **you shall be baptized** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will baptize you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/01/06.md b/act/01/06.md index 3efa17339..d7f178b91 100644 --- a/act/01/06.md +++ b/act/01/06.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel** - is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel- "Will you now make Israel a strong nation again?" -* **times or seasons** - "times or dates". -* **you will receive power** - "you will be spiritually strengthened." +* **is this the time you will restore the kingdom to Israel** - "Will you now make Israel a strong nation again?" +* **times or seasons** - "times or dates" +* **you will receive power** - "You will be spiritually strengthened." * **you will be my witnesses** - This is the result of receiving power. This can also be translated as "to be my witnesses" to show that this was the purpose of the power. -* **to the ends of the earth** - “all over the world” or “even to the far away places on the earth”. +* **to the ends of the earth** - “all over the world” or “even to the far away places on the earth” diff --git a/act/01/09.md b/act/01/09.md index 78d8bf9c6..8739e3d7f 100644 --- a/act/01/09.md +++ b/act/01/09.md @@ -1,14 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:galilee]] +* [[en:tw:galilee|Galilee, Galilean]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] +* [[en:tw:heaven|heaven, sky, heavens, heavenly]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:jesus|Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lord|lord, master, sir]] ## translationNotes * **as they were looking up** - "as the apostles were looking up at the sky" * **he vanished into a cloud out of their sight** - "He went up into the sky, and a cloud blocked their view of him and they could not see Him anymore." * **looking intensely to heaven** - "staring at the sky" or "gazing at the sky" -* **You men of Galilee** - Specifically "you apostles". Though the angels spoke to the apostles, other verses suggest that other disciples, both men and women, were present at this event. -* **why do you stand looking into heaven?** - This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **You men of Galilee** - Specifically "you apostles." Though the angels spoke to the apostles, other verses suggest that other disciples, both men and women, were present at this event. +* **why do you stand looking into heaven?** - This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement as in the UDB. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/01/12.md b/act/01/12.md index 3b4971d56..819ac585c 100644 --- a/act/01/12.md +++ b/act/01/12.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Then they returned** - "the apostles returned" -* **a sabbath day's journey** - A rule the Pharasees made to keep people from doing work on the sabbath. +* **Then they returned** - "The apostles returned." +* **a sabbath day's journey** - This was a rule that the Pharasees made to keep people from doing work on the sabbath. * **When they arrived** - "When they reached their destination in Jerusalem" -* **upper chamber** - a room on a higher level of the house. -* **Simon the Zealot** - "Simon the Patriot." There were many Zealots. But Simon may have been the only apostle who was a Zealot. The Zealots wanted to make the Romans stop ruling over Israel. +* **upper chamber** - "a room on a higher level of the house" +* **Simon the Zealot** - "Simon the Patriot." There were many Zealots, but Simon may have been the only apostle who was a Zealot. The Zealots wanted to make the Romans stop ruling over Israel. * **They were all united as one** - The group was united and did not have divisions or strife. * **as they diligently continued in prayer** - "as they devoted themselves together to pray" diff --git a/act/01/15.md b/act/01/15.md index 4d247240a..9a02a5101 100644 --- a/act/01/15.md +++ b/act/01/15.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **In those days** - "In those days shortly after Jesus went back to heaven" -* **in the midst of the brothers** - "brothers" often refers to fellow believers and would include both men and women. +* **in the midst of the brothers** - The word "brothers" often refers to fellow believers and would include both men and women. * **It was necessary that the scripture should be fulfilled** - Peter is specifically addressing the prophecies that related to Judas. * **by the mouth of David** - "the words of David." The word "mouth" is used to refer to "words" even though David wrote them. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/01/17.md b/act/01/17.md index 01ea8094d..65bf2b433 100644 --- a/act/01/17.md +++ b/act/01/17.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. * **his evil act** - "his evil act of guiding Jesus' enemies to him." This makes explicit what "evil act" refers to. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Then falling head first his body burst wide open and all his bowels poured out.** - On this plot of land, Judas had a severe head first fall that caused his body to burst open. Other scriptures mention he hung himself. +* **Then falling head first his body burst wide open and all his bowels poured out.** - On this plot of land, Judas had a severe head first fall that caused his body to burst open. Other Scriptures mention he hung himself. * **It became known…the field of blood.** - Because of the death, the people started calling the field by a new name. diff --git a/act/01/20.md b/act/01/20.md index 20e0b21b7..ca7bb8baa 100644 --- a/act/01/20.md +++ b/act/01/20.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. * **For it is written in the book of Psalms** - Based on the situation with Judas that he just recounted, Peter is recalling a passage in the book of Psalms that he believes relates to the current situation. -* **the book of Psalms** - This can be translated as "the book of Hymns" or "the book of Songs." This book is part of the scriptures. +* **the book of Psalms** - This can be translated as "the book of Hymns" or "the book of Songs." This book is part of the Scriptures. * **Let his field be made desolate** - A property falling apart and overgrown suggests the owner is dead. -* **And do not let even one person live there** - the land is unclean (taboo) or is unfit to live on. +* **And do not let even one person live there** - The land is unclean (taboo) or is unfit to live on. * **let someone else take his position of leadership** - "may he be replaced in his leadership position" diff --git a/act/01/21.md b/act/01/21.md index 19cb3cc1e..0909bc280 100644 --- a/act/01/21.md +++ b/act/01/21.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the believers that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. * **It is necessary, therefore** - Peter is about to express why he quoted the verses from Psalms and what they should do about it. -* **That the men who accompanied us ...one of these must be a witness with us of his resurrection** - Peter defined the qualifications for the man who is to replace Judas as an apostle. +* **That the men who accompanied us...one of these must be a witness with us of his resurrection** - Peter defined the qualifications for the man who is to replace Judas as an apostle. * **They put forward two men** - As they looked to replace Judas, they found two men who qualified. * **Joseph called Barsabbas who was also named Justus** - Joseph was also known by the names Barsabbas and Justus. diff --git a/act/01/24.md b/act/01/24.md index da16c32f8..2cded8c0d 100644 --- a/act/01/24.md +++ b/act/01/24.md @@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ * **They prayed** - "Then the believers prayed" * **You, Lord, know the hearts of all men** - "Lord, You know the inner motivations and thoughts of everyone." -* **so reveal which of these two is the one whom you have chosen to take the place in this ministry and apostleship** - so reveal which of these two is the one whom you have chosen to take the place in this ministry and apostleship- "Therefore, God, show us which of these men you have selected to fill this empty position among the apostles." -* **from which Judas transgressed to go to his own place** - The role, which was left empty because Judas betrayed Jesus, left, and died. +* **so reveal which of these two is the one whom you have chosen to take the place in this ministry and apostleship** - "Therefore, God, show us which of these men you have selected to fill this empty position among the apostles." +* **from which Judas transgressed to go to his own place** - The role was left empty because Judas betrayed Jesus, left, and died. * **They cast lots for them** - They used the lot to decide between Joseph and Matthias. * **the lot fell to Matthias** - The lot indicated that Matthias should be chosen. * **he was numbered with the eleven apostles** - "the disciples considered him to be one of the apostles" diff --git a/act/02/01.md b/act/02/01.md index 9a7bce6db..f7a14ccb7 100644 --- a/act/02/01.md +++ b/act/02/01.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **they were all together in the same place** - The word "they" probably refers to the group of about 120 believers who were together in Luke 1: 15-26. This included the twelve apostles. +* **they were all together in the same place** - The word "they" probably refers to the group of about 120 believers who were together in Luke 1:15-26. This included the twelve apostles. * **there came from heaven a sound** - "a noise came from the sky" -* **like the rush of a violent wind** - "like the blowing of a very strong wind" or "like a very strong wind blowing" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **like the rush of a violent wind** - "like the blowing of a very strong wind" or "like a very strong wind blowing" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **the whole house** - This may have been a house or a larger building. -* **tongues like fire** - Possible meanings are 1) tongues that looked like they were made of fire, or 2) small flames of fire that looked like tongues. When fire burns in a small space, such as on a lamp, the flame can be shaped like a tongue. +* **tongues like fire** - Possible meanings are 1) tongues that looked like they were made of fire, or 2) small flames of fire that looked like tongues. When fire burns in a small space, such as on a lamp, the flame can be shaped like a tongue. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **speak with other languages** - These are languages that they did not already know. diff --git a/act/02/05.md b/act/02/05.md index aecea095f..ccd07da1b 100644 --- a/act/02/05.md +++ b/act/02/05.md @@ -1,16 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:Galilee]] +* [[en:tw:galilee]] +* [[en:tw:galilee|Galilee, Galilean]] * [[en:tw:godly]] +* [[en:tw:godly|godly, godliness]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] +* [[en:tw:heaven|heaven, sky, heavens, heavenly]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:jerusalem|Jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:jew]] +* [[en:tw:jew|Jew, Jewish]] * [[en:tw:nation]] +* [[en:tw:nation|nation]] ## translationNotes * **godly men** - people who wanted to honor and or worship God * **every nation under heaven** - "every nation in the world" -* **when this sound was heard** - This refers to the sound that was like a strong wind. This can be translated with an active verb: "when they heard this sound." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **when this sound was heard** - This refers to the sound that was like a strong wind. This can be translated with an active verb: "when they heard this sound." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the multitude** - "the large crowd of people" * **Galileans** - This can be translated as "from Galilee." diff --git a/act/02/08.md b/act/02/08.md index 70f667f09..274dd166e 100644 --- a/act/02/08.md +++ b/act/02/08.md @@ -1,12 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:god|God]] * [[en:tw:jew]] +* [[en:tw:jew|Jew, Jewish]] * [[en:tw:judea]] +* [[en:tw:judea|Judea]] * [[en:tw:works]] +* [[en:tw:works|works, deeds, work]] ## translationNotes -* **Why is it that we are hearing them** - This could be 1) a real question that the people wanted an answer to, or 2) a rhetorical question that expressed how amazed they were. The UDB translates it as a statement showing how surprised they were. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Parthians and Medes and Elamites** - "people from Parthia, Media and Elam." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **proselytes** - "non-Jewish people who have become Jews" or "people who have changed their religion and become Jews" or "converts to the Jewish religion" +* **Why is it that we are hearing them...** - Possible meanings are 1) a real question that the people wanted an answer to, or 2) a rhetorical question that expressed how amazed they were. The UDB translates it as a statement showing how surprised they were. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Parthians and Medes and Elamites** - "people from Parthia, Media, and Elam." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **proselytes** - "non-Jewish people who have become Jews" or "converts to the Jewish religion" diff --git a/act/02/12.md b/act/02/12.md index 88ec93593..fa4e287bc 100644 --- a/act/02/12.md +++ b/act/02/12.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:mock]] +* [[en:tw:mock|mock, ridicule, scoff at]] ## translationNotes -* **amazed and perplexed ** - amazed and perplexed - The people did not know what to think about what was happening (UDB). It can be translated as, "surprised and confused." -* **What does this mean?** - Some took the event seriously. +* **amazed and perplexed ** - The people did not know what to think about what was happening (UDB). It can be translated as, "surprised and confused." +* **What does this mean?** - Some people were amazed at what was happening. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **But others mocked** - "But others insulted" or "put down" * **They are full of new wine** - This can be translated as "They are drunk." Some chose to not believe the miracle, but to mock the apostles. * **new wine** - a stronger drink than normal wine diff --git a/act/02/14.md b/act/02/14.md index dcd7b6aa0..6630ec0b1 100644 --- a/act/02/14.md +++ b/act/02/14.md @@ -1,12 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:jerusalem|Jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:judea]] +* [[en:tw:judea|Judea]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:peter|Peter, Simon Peter, Cephas]] * [[en:tw:thetwelve]] +* [[en:tw:thetwelve|the twelve, the eleven]] ## translationNotes * **stood with the eleven** - All the apostles stood up in support of Peter's statement. -* **it is the third hour of the day** - "It is only nine o'clock in the morning" (UDB). Peter expected his audience to know that people don't get drunk that early in the day. It is implicit information that can be made explicit if needed. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **third hour of the day** - "nine o'clock in the morning" (UDB). (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) +* **it is the third hour of the day** - "It is only nine o'clock in the morning" (UDB). Peter expected his audience to know that people do not get drunk that early in the day. It is implicit information that can be made explicit if needed. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **third hour of the day** - "nine o'clock in the morning" (UDB). (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) diff --git a/act/02/16.md b/act/02/16.md index 7a144d71e..4ff32e7a0 100644 --- a/act/02/16.md +++ b/act/02/16.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:02:14]]. -* **this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel** - "This is what God said and told the prophet Joel to write" or "The prophet Joel wrote these things that God had said." +* **this is what was spoken through the prophet Joel** - AT: "This is what God said and told the prophet Joel to write" or "The prophet Joel wrote these things that God had said." * **what was spoken** - This can be translated with an active verb: "what God said" or "what God spoke about." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **It will be in the last days** - This can be translated as "In the last days." The things that he is about to speak of will happen in the last days. This is the first part of what God said. The words "God says" can come first as in the UDB. * **pour out Spirit upon all flesh** - This is a figure of speech telling how abundantly God will give his Spirit to all people. diff --git a/act/02/18.md b/act/02/18.md index 9e2bff50f..336ff60be 100644 --- a/act/02/18.md +++ b/act/02/18.md @@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues to quote the prophet Joel in his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **I will pour out my Spirit ** - God gives his Spirit generously. -* **prophesy** - God inspires them to speak God's truth +* **servants...female servants** - In the Old Testament, God's prophets and other people who worshiped God are often referred to as his “servants.” +* **I will pour out my Spirit** - God gives his Spirit generously. +* **prophesy** - God inspires them to speak God's truth. * **vapor** - "mist" or "fog" -* **pour out** - This is like someone emptying out a lot of water from a pitcher or a bucket. Translate this the same way you did on the last frame. +* **pour out** - This is like someone emptying out a lot of water from a pitcher or a bucket. diff --git a/act/02/20.md b/act/02/20.md index 0393e34d5..7d9af9ea6 100644 --- a/act/02/20.md +++ b/act/02/20.md @@ -8,5 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues to quote the prophet Joel in his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **the sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood ** - The exact meaning of this phrase is unclear, just translate it as literally as possible into your language. +* **the sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood** - The exact meaning of this phrase is unclear. Just translate it as literally as possible into your language. +* **everyone who calls on the name of the Lord** - AT: "everyone who calls on the Lord" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **calls** - prays or pleads diff --git a/act/02/22.md b/act/02/22.md index e1f70dda4..0328433c3 100644 --- a/act/02/22.md +++ b/act/02/22.md @@ -1,22 +1,30 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:appoint]] * [[en:tw:crucify]] +* [[en:tw:crucify|crucify]] * [[en:tw:death]] +* [[en:tw:death|death, die, dead]] * [[en:tw:israel]] +* [[en:tw:israel|Israel, Israelites, nation of Israel]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:jesus|Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus]] * [[en:tw:lawless]] +* [[en:tw:lawless|lawless, lawlessness]] * [[en:tw:nazareth]] +* [[en:tw:nazareth|Nazareth, Nazarene]] * [[en:tw:raise]] +* [[en:tw:raise|raise, rise, risen, arise, arose]] * [[en:tw:sign]] +* [[en:tw:sign|sign, proof, reminder]] * [[en:tw:works]] +* [[en:tw:works|works, deeds, work]] ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **determined plan and foreknowledge of God ** - determined plan and foreknowledge of God - The death of Christ was according to the long settled plan and knowledge of God. -* **your** - This is the plural form of your. If your language has a different word for you(plural) use it. -* **he was delivered up** - "men delivered him", "you handed him over", "people delivered him" -* **loosed** - untied like one unties a rope -* **having loosed the pains of death from him ** - having loosed the pains of death from him - "to untie or unwrap him free from the pains of death". -* **held ** - death could not finally keep Jesus in its power +* **determined plan and foreknowledge of God** - The death of Christ was accomplished according to the established plan and knowledge of God. +* **your** - This is the plural form of "your." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **he was delivered up** - "men delivered him" or "people delivered him" +* **loosed** - This means to be untied like one unties a rope. +* **having loosed the pains of death from him** - "to untie or free from the pains of death" +* **held** - Death could not finally keep Jesus in its power. diff --git a/act/02/25.md b/act/02/25.md index 0ebf7bc3a..344fa35f0 100644 --- a/act/02/25.md +++ b/act/02/25.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **I saw** - David foresaw God working in his life before events unfolded -* **before my face** - in my presence, with me -* **beside my right hand** - the right hand was considered the strongest. Someone at the right hand was either the strongest servant, or strongest helper. -* **my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced** - outward expression was given of inward joy -* **my flesh shall dwell in hope** - "I will hope in God as long as I live" +* **I saw** - David foresaw God working in his life before events unfolded. +* **before my face** - "in my presence" or "with me" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **beside my right hand** - The right hand was considered the strongest. Someone at the right hand was either the strongest servant or the strongest helper. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **my heart was glad and my tongue rejoiced** - AT: "I was happy and I rejoiced." +* **my flesh will live in confidence** - AT: "Even though I am only mortal, I will have confidence in God." diff --git a/act/02/27.md b/act/02/27.md index d5ffb35ec..a987fce05 100644 --- a/act/02/27.md +++ b/act/02/27.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues to quote David in the Psalms in his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **Your holy one** - "Your anointed or chosen one". -* **To see decay** - His body will not remain dead long enough to decompose. May be translated as "To experience rot". +* **Your holy one** - "Your anointed or chosen one" +* **To see decay** - His body will not remain dead long enough to decompose. This may be translated as "to rot." * **ways of life** - "life-giving truth" diff --git a/act/02/29.md b/act/02/29.md index 29b71187d..0f97de321 100644 --- a/act/02/29.md +++ b/act/02/29.md @@ -1,23 +1,35 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:Christ]] -* [[en:tw:David]] -* [[en:tw:God]] * [[en:tw:brother]] +* [[en:tw:brother|brother]] +* [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:christ|Christ, Messiah]] +* [[en:tw:david]] +* [[en:tw:david|David]] * [[en:tw:death]] +* [[en:tw:death|death, die, dead]] * [[en:tw:flesh]] +* [[en:tw:flesh|flesh]] * [[en:tw:fruit]] +* [[en:tw:fruit|fruit, fruitful]] +* [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:god|God]] * [[en:tw:hades]] +* [[en:tw:hades|hades, sheol]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:prophet|prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess]] * [[en:tw:resurrection]] +* [[en:tw:resurrection|resurrection]] * [[en:tw:throne]] +* [[en:tw:throne|throne]] * [[en:tw:tomb]] +* [[en:tw:tomb|tomb, grave, burial place]] ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **patriarch** - father, one who lived a long time ago -* **oath** - a solemn statement or declaration -* **swear an oath** - to make a serious statement that what one promises is true -* **brothers** - inclusive language for both men and women -* **He foresaw** - David foresaw and spoke of the Messiah in Acts 1:27-28. +* **patriarch** - This is a father, or one who lived a long time ago. +* **oath** - An "oath" is a solemn statement or declaration. +* **swear an oath** - When one swears an oath, he makes a serious statement that what he promises is true. +* **brothers** - This includes men and women. +* **He foresaw** - David foresaw and spoke of the Messiah. diff --git a/act/02/32.md b/act/02/32.md index 024b081ef..a3789c9e7 100644 --- a/act/02/32.md +++ b/act/02/32.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. -* **right hand of God ** - "a place of confidence, honor, favor, trust, reliance, power and privileges of God". +* **right hand of God** - This is a place of confidence, honor, favor, trust, power and privilege. diff --git a/act/02/34.md b/act/02/34.md index d1d5bbfee..52f5c346e 100644 --- a/act/02/34.md +++ b/act/02/34.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:01:15]]. * **the Lord said to my Lord** - "the Lord (God) said to my Lord (Christ)" -* **sit at my right hand ** - "take your place of honor, trust, privileges and power", by my side -* **until I make your enemy a stool for your feet ** - "until I put your enemy in a position or place of defeat for you" +* **sit at my right hand ** - "take your place of honor, trust, privileges, and power by my side" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **until I make your enemy a stool for your feet** - "until I put your enemy in a position or place of defeat" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/act/02/40.md b/act/02/40.md index 22a6af24a..1cd52661a 100644 --- a/act/02/40.md +++ b/act/02/40.md @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **save yourselves** - separate yourselves -* **wicked generation ** - morally and spiritually depraved -* **received** - believed, accepted -* **were baptized** - Jesus' disciples baptized them +* **he testified** - In the New Testament, the term "testify" is often used to refer to how Jesus' followers spoke about the events of Jesus' life, death, and resurrection. +* **wicked generation ** - "very evil generation" +* **received** - "believed" or "accepted" +* **were baptized** - Jesus' disciples baptized them. +* **about three thousand souls** - AT: "about 3,000 people" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/act/02/43.md b/act/02/43.md index f7239963d..1aff98176 100644 --- a/act/02/43.md +++ b/act/02/43.md @@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes +* **Fear came upon every soul** - AT: "All of the people were very afraid," (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **had all things in common** - "shared all of their possessions" -* **distributed them to** - gave them to or shared the proceeds with or gave money to -* **fear ** - fear - reverent awe -* **were together** - believed the same thing -* **according as anyone had need** - when a need was expressed or observed, other believers gave to meet that need +* **distributed them to** - "gave them to" or "gave money to" +* **fear** - "reverent awe" +* **were together** - "believed the same thing" +* **according as anyone had need** - When a need was expressed or observed, other believers gave to meet that need. diff --git a/act/02/46.md b/act/02/46.md index d48759d02..ec40d8c8e 100644 --- a/act/02/46.md +++ b/act/02/46.md @@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ * **with one purpose** - "with one mind" * **they continued** - "the believers continued" -* **broke bread** - shared a meal, shared the Lord's Supper (UDB). -* **humility of heart** - without presumption, plainly, without unnecessary formality, without regard to rank or privilege -* **had favor with** - had the respect of +* **broke bread** - They shared their meals. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **humility of heart** - This means without presumption, plainly, without unnecessary formality, without regard to rank or privilege. +* **had favor with** - "had the respect of" diff --git a/act/03/01.md b/act/03/01.md index 4071ee9f2..b808e8112 100644 --- a/act/03/01.md +++ b/act/03/01.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **into the temple** - "into the temple area" or "to the temple." They did not go into the inner building which only the serving priests were allowed. +* **into the temple** - "into the temple area" or "to the temple." They did not go into the inner building where only the serving priests were allowed. * **the ninth hour** - "three o'clock in the afternoon" (UDB). (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) -* **alms** - "Alms" refers to money that people give to the poor. The man was poor and was asking for money for himself. +* **alms** - The word "alms" refers to money that people give to the poor. diff --git a/act/03/04.md b/act/03/04.md index eff9b9aee..188ab8015 100644 --- a/act/03/04.md +++ b/act/03/04.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ * **fastening his eyes upon him** - "staring at him" or "looking intently at him" * **the lame man looked at them** - "the lame man paid close attention to them" -* **silver and gold** - This is placed at the beginning of the sentence to show that this is what the man expects to receive but Peter does not have any, and to contrast it with what Peter does have and want to give him. The phrase "silver and gold" is a mentonym for money. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **silver and gold** - The phrase "silver and gold" is used to represent money. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **In the name of Jesus Christ** - "Through the power of Jesus Christ," (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/03/07.md b/act/03/07.md index c76f3e895..3e1b04bf6 100644 --- a/act/03/07.md +++ b/act/03/07.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He entered ... into the temple** - This would be the temple courtyard. Only the priests were allowing to enter the actual temple building. +* **He entered...into the temple** - The men entered into the temple courtyard. Only the priests were allowed to enter the actual temple building. diff --git a/act/03/09.md b/act/03/09.md index f7fe9f520..85b3b05ef 100644 --- a/act/03/09.md +++ b/act/03/09.md @@ -5,6 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the Beautiful Gate** - "the Gate called Beautiful" -* **noticed** - "perceived" or "recognized" or "saw" -* **wonder and amazement** - "greatly amazed" (UDB) or "surprised and astonished" +* **noticed ** - "perceived" or "saw" +* **the Beautiful Gate** - "the gate called Beautiful" diff --git a/act/03/11.md b/act/03/11.md index a6ebc10a1..d36ceeefe 100644 --- a/act/03/11.md +++ b/act/03/11.md @@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ ## translationNotes * **As** - "While" -* **the porch that was called Solomon's** - "Solomon's Porch." Solomon was the name of a king of Israel who had lived long before that time. A porch is a row of pillars covered by a roof, and open on one side. This could be translated as "Solomon's Veranda." Solomon's Porch was very large. -* **greatly marveling ** - "full of surprise" or "astonished" or "full of awe" +* **the porch that was called Solomon's** - "Solomon's Porch." Solomon was a king of Israel who had lived long before that time. A porch is a row of pillars covered by a roof, and open on one side. +* **greatly marveling** - "full of surprise" or "astonished" * **When Peter saw this** - "When Peter saw the crowd growing" or "When Peter saw the people" (UDB) -* **You men of Israel** - "Fellow Israelites" (UDB). Peter was addressing the crowd. "men" in this context would extend to everyone present (men, women, children). -* **Why do you marvel?** - This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "you should not be surprised" UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Why do you fix your eyes on us** - This rhetorical question can also be translated as "You should not focus on us" or "There is no reason for you to focus on us." -* **us** - "us" refers to Peter and John, the dual & exclusive form. -* **we** - "we" refers to Peter and John, the dual & exclusive form. -* **as if we had made him to walk by our own power or godliness?** - This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "We did not make him walk by our own power or godliness." +* **You men of Israel** - "Fellow Israelites" (UDB). Peter was addressing the crowd. The word "men" in this context includes everyone present. +* **Why do you marvel?** - This can be translated as "You should not be surprised" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Why do you fix your eyes on us** - This can also be translated as "You should not focus on us" or "There is no reason for you to focus on us." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **us** - The word "us" refers to Peter and John. +* **we** - The word "we" refers to Peter and John. +* **as if we had made him to walk by our own power or godliness?** - This can be translated as "We did not make him walk by our own power or godliness." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/03/13.md b/act/03/13.md index e4da13bdf..bfa3e7965 100644 --- a/act/03/13.md +++ b/act/03/13.md @@ -17,5 +17,4 @@ * **whom you delivered up** - "whom you brought to Pilate" * **and denied before the face of Pilate** - "and you rejected him in Pilate's presence" * **when he had decided to release him** - "when Pilate had decided to set Jesus free" -* **for a murderer to be released to you** - This can be translated with an active verb: "for Pilate to give a murderer to you." -* **to be released to you** - "to be given to you." This means "to be given as a favor." It does not mean "to be freed" as from a trap. +* **for a murderer to be released to you** - This can be translated with an active verb: "for Pilate to set free a murderer." diff --git a/act/03/15.md b/act/03/15.md index 2952896b4..595e45e50 100644 --- a/act/03/15.md +++ b/act/03/15.md @@ -8,5 +8,4 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:03:11]]. * **Prince of life** - "The author of life" (UDB) or "ruler of life" -* **has made this man strong** - "has given this man complete health" -* ** faith in his name** - Languages that don't have a noun meaning "faith" might need to use a verb meaning believe or trust. If they need to tell who believed, they can specify "we". +* **has made this man strong** - "has made this man well" diff --git a/act/03/17.md b/act/03/17.md index 4c41b2b05..884ad7567 100644 --- a/act/03/17.md +++ b/act/03/17.md @@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:03:11]]. +* **by the mouth of all the prophets** - "through the prophets" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/03/19.md b/act/03/19.md index 3cceaeec9..42b750447 100644 --- a/act/03/19.md +++ b/act/03/19.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:03:11]]. * **turn again** - "turn back to God" -* **so that there may come periods of refreshing from the presence of the Lord** - "so that the Lord may strengthen you". +* **so that there may come periods of refreshing from the presence of the Lord** - "so that the Lord may strengthen you" * **blotted out** - "erased" or "crossed out" diff --git a/act/03/21.md b/act/03/21.md index 9940f5ebd..ff1878d03 100644 --- a/act/03/21.md +++ b/act/03/21.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:03:11]]. -* **the heavens must receive...** - Jesus will remain in heaven for it was previously stated that was what he would do. +* **the heavens must receive** - Jesus will remain in heaven for it was previously stated that was what he would do. * **until the time of the restoration of all things** - "until the time when God will restore all things" -* **of which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets** - "God told his holy prophets to speak of the restoration" +* **of which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets** - "God told his holy prophets to speak of the restoration." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **his holy prophets that have been ever since ancient times** - "his holy prophets who lived long ago" -* **will raise up a prophet** - "will choose someone to be a prophet" or "will give authority to someone to be a prophet" -* **destroyed** - "removed" or "eliminated" or "taken away" +* **will raise up a prophet** - "will choose someone to be a prophet" +* **destroyed** - "removed" or "taken away" diff --git a/act/03/24.md b/act/03/24.md index 71c4949e1..71751efc2 100644 --- a/act/03/24.md +++ b/act/03/24.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ * Peter continues his speech to the Jews that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:03:11]]. * **all those who followed him** - "all those prophets who lived after Samuel lived" -* **these days** - "these times" or "the things that are happening now" or "the things that have been happening" -* **You are the sons of the prophets** - "You are the heirs of the prophets". This can be translated as "You will receive what God promised through his prophets. -* **and of the covenant** - "and sons of the covenant" or "and heirs of the covenant." This can be translated as "You will receive what God promised in his covenant." +* **these days** - "these times" or "the things that are happening now" +* **You are the sons of the prophets** - "You are the heirs of the prophets." This can be translated as "You will receive what God promised through his prophets." +* **and of the covenant** - "and sons of the covenant." This can be translated as "You will receive what God promised in his covenant." * **In your seed** - "Because of your offspring" * **After God raised up his Servant** - "After God chose his Servant" or "After God gave authority to his Servant" * **his Servant** - This refers to God's Messiah. diff --git a/act/04/05.md b/act/04/05.md index 448ad5367..0576e7fb3 100644 --- a/act/04/05.md +++ b/act/04/05.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **by what power** - "who gave you power" (UDB) or "what gave you power." They knew Peter and John could not have healed this man on their own. +* **by what power** - "who gave you power" (UDB) or "what gave you power". They knew Peter and John could not have healed this man on their own. * **in what name** - "who gave you authority" diff --git a/act/04/08.md b/act/04/08.md index a959d37ab..4b78f3bc7 100644 --- a/act/04/08.md +++ b/act/04/08.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the people of Israel** - citizens of the nation Israel. +* **the people of Israel** - citizens of the nation Israel diff --git a/act/04/11.md b/act/04/11.md index 2ea9e092a..10e4eaf69 100644 --- a/act/04/11.md +++ b/act/04/11.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his speech to the Jewish religious rulers that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:04:08]]. -* **Jesus Christ is the stone** - Jesus Christ is the stone- This is a simile. As only one cornerstone is set for the foundation and reference point of a building, Jesus is the only foundation for Salvation. +* **Jesus Christ is the stone** - This is a simile. As only one cornerstone is set for the foundation and reference point of a building, Jesus is the only foundation for Salvation. diff --git a/act/04/13.md b/act/04/13.md index d9f7345c1..8d1ef6c1f 100644 --- a/act/04/13.md +++ b/act/04/13.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **when they saw the boldness** - "they" refers to the group leaders. +* **when they saw the boldness** - "They" refers to the group leaders. * **realized that they** - "perceiving" or "knowing" -* **they were ordinary** - "they" refers to two, Peter and John. +* **they were ordinary** - "They" refers to two, Peter and John. * **uneducated men** - "untrained" or "no formal schooling" diff --git a/act/04/15.md b/act/04/15.md index 3c0b4ca12..6ceb7004a 100644 --- a/act/04/15.md +++ b/act/04/15.md @@ -8,6 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we cannot deny it** - "we cannot deny the miracle". Everyone in Jerusalem already knows that the man was healed. -* **them** - Refers to two, Peter and Paul. -* **not to speak at all** - "do not speak anymore" +* **them** - This refers to Peter and Paul. diff --git a/act/04/21.md b/act/04/21.md index 5eb5d0f2b..643b199fb 100644 --- a/act/04/21.md +++ b/act/04/21.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **they were unable to find any excuse to punish them** - the leaders could not figure out how to punish Peter and John without causing a riot among the people who saw the man healed -* **after further warning** - the leaders threatened them with further punishment -* **The man…was more than forty years old** - it was a well established fact that he was a cripple and was recently healed. +* **they were unable to find any excuse to punish them** - The leaders could not figure out how to punish Peter and John without causing a riot among the people who saw the man healed. +* **after further warning** - The leaders threatened them with further punishment. +* **The man...was more than forty years old** - It was a well established fact that the man had been crippled and was recently healed. diff --git a/act/04/23.md b/act/04/23.md index 121eb3436..54d0eae21 100644 --- a/act/04/23.md +++ b/act/04/23.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **came to their own people** - came to their own people- they went to the other believers -* **raised their voices together** - raised their voices together- They were all united in thought and mind. -* **imagine useless things** - unprofitable things; unrealistic things +* **came to their own people** - They went to the other believers. +* **raised their voices together** - They were all united in thought and mind. +* **by the mouth of our father David your servant** - "through our father David your servant" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **servant** - In the Old Testament, God's prophets and other people who worshiped God are often referred to as his “servants.” diff --git a/act/04/26.md b/act/04/26.md index f811bb092..ffcf23914 100644 --- a/act/04/26.md +++ b/act/04/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Peter continues his quotation from King David in the Psalms that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:04:23]]. -* **set themselves together** - they came together. They joined their armies together. +* **set themselves together** - "joined their armies together" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/act/04/27.md b/act/04/27.md index 9b9d24505..5290e268b 100644 --- a/act/04/27.md +++ b/act/04/27.md @@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ * [[en:tw:holy]] * [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:ordain]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes * The believers together continue the prayer that they began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:04:23]]. -* **Herod and Pontius Pilate, together with the Gentiles and the people of Israel** - David included only the Gentile nations, but Peter included Israel and their rulers as those who opposed the Messiah. +* **Herod and Pontius Pilate, together with the Gentiles and the people of Israel** - In the Psalm, David included only the Gentile nations, but Peter included Israel and their rulers among those who opposed the Messiah. * **in this city** - in Jerusalem +* **your hand and your desire decided** - "you decided" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/act/04/29.md b/act/04/29.md index 50ccb6364..be823390c 100644 --- a/act/04/29.md +++ b/act/04/29.md @@ -16,6 +16,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* The believers together continue the prayer that they began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:04:23]]. -* **look upon their warnings** - look upon their warnings- This is the reason for granting the disciples boldness to speak God's word. -* **they spoke the word of God with boldness** - this is result of the disciples being filled with the Holy Spirit. +* The believers together continue the prayer that they began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:04:23]] +* **they spoke the word of God with boldness** - This is the result of the disciples being filled with the Holy Spirit. diff --git a/act/04/32.md b/act/04/32.md index 5effd8e08..fae5c36de 100644 --- a/act/04/32.md +++ b/act/04/32.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The great number of those who believed...** - "Many people who believed..." -* **and great grace was upon them all** - This means 1) that God was pouring out many gifts and much boldness upon all the believers or 2) that the believers were held in very high esteem by all the other people in Jerusalem. +* **testimony** - In the New Testament, this term is often used to refer to how Jesus' followers testified about the events of Jesus' life, death, and resurrection. +* **and great grace was upon them all** - Possible meanings: 1) that God was pouring out many gifts and much boldness upon all the believers, or 2) that the believers were held in very high esteem by all the other people in Jerusalem. diff --git a/act/04/34.md b/act/04/34.md index 6473c39c0..e8426587c 100644 --- a/act/04/34.md +++ b/act/04/34.md @@ -5,6 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **sold…brought the money…distribution was made** - Various believers did this over time, not all at once. -* **laid it at the apostles’ feet** - It was the believers way to express: 1) publicly demonstrate a changed heart, and 2) giving the apostles the authority over the distribution of the gift. -* **as anyone had need** - It seems the needs of believers were observed over a period of time; items were not simply handed out whenever someone said they needed something. +* **laid it at the apostles’ feet** - It was the believers' way to: 1) publicly demonstrate a changed heart, and 2) give the apostles the authority over the distribution of the gift. diff --git a/act/04/36.md b/act/04/36.md index f0b8378ed..8eb450030 100644 --- a/act/04/36.md +++ b/act/04/36.md @@ -9,5 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Joseph, a Levite, a man from Cyprus** - Barnabas is being introduced into the story. It isn't until later that he has a bigger part in Luke's book of Acts. you may need to consider how your language introduces new participants in a story. -* **laid it at the apostles’ feet** - This was the common way for believers to give and it symbolizes giving the apostles the authority over the use of the gift. +* **Joseph, a Levite, a man from Cyprus** - Barnabas is being introduced into the story. It isn't until later that he has a bigger part in Luke's book of Acts. You may need to consider how your language introduces new participants in a story. diff --git a/act/05/01.md b/act/05/01.md index 35f303364..eaa9d78f8 100644 --- a/act/05/01.md +++ b/act/05/01.md @@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now** - or "But now". This marks a new part of the story. You need to know how contrasting stories are introduced in your language. -* **a certain man** - This is a way of introducing a new person. Check with your language on how people are introduced in a story. -* **he kept back part of the sale money** - He was not honest in reporting the full amount of the sale to the apostles. This implied information can be made explicit: "He secretly kept back part of the sale money." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **laid it at the apostles’ feet** - This was the common way for the early believers to give. Putting it at the apostles's feet symbolized giving them the authority over how the gift should be used. -* **his wife also knew it** - his wife also knew it-This can also be translated as, "she knew and agreed to do it" +* **Now** - "But now...." This marks a new part of the story. You may translate this in a way that contrasting stories are introduced in your language. +* **a certain man** - This is a way of introducing a new person. You may translate this in a way people are introduced in a story in your language. +* **he kept back part of the sale money** - He was not honest in reporting the full amount of the sale to the apostles. This implied information can be made explicit: "He secretly kept back part of the sale money." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **laid it at the apostles' feet** - Putting a gift at the apostles's feet symbolized giving them the authority over how the gift should be used. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **his wife also knew it** - This can also be translated as, "his wife also knew and agreed to do it." diff --git a/act/05/03.md b/act/05/03.md index de4db1d9f..65b68df65 100644 --- a/act/05/03.md +++ b/act/05/03.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **why has Satan filled your heart** - Peter used this rhetorical question to rebuke Ananias. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **did it not remain your own … was it not in your control** - Peter used these rhetorical questions to remind Ananias of things he should have already known: that the money still belonged to Ananias and that it was still in Ananias's control. -* **How is it that you thought of this thing in your heart?** - Peter used this rhetorical question to rebuke Ananias. -* **The young men came forward** - Literally, "The young men rose...". This is an expression for initiating action. +* **why has Satan filled your heart** - Peter used this rhetorical question to rebuke Ananias. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **did it not remain your own...was it not in your control?** - Peter used these rhetorical questions to remind Ananias of things he should have already known: that the money still belonged to Ananias and that it was still in Ananias's control. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **How is it that you thought of this thing in your heart?** - Peter used this rhetorical question to rebuke Ananias. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **The young men came forward** - Literally, "The young men rose...." This is an expression for initiating action. * **they carried him out and buried him.** - When one dies, there normally is a process of preparing the body for burial. It appears that this was not the case for Ananias. diff --git a/act/05/07.md b/act/05/07.md index 90ee93c8b..e79ea9120 100644 --- a/act/05/07.md +++ b/act/05/07.md @@ -4,6 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **what had happened** - that her husband had died -* **tell me** - Peter commanded her to answer his question true or false -* **sold the land for so much** - The story was about Ananias' deception, not the actual amount. Luke chose not to state the actual cost. +* **what had happened** - "that her husband had died" diff --git a/act/05/09.md b/act/05/09.md index d74daffd9..feeb5ce9e 100644 --- a/act/05/09.md +++ b/act/05/09.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit** - This is a rhetorical Question. This could also be translated, "You have agreed together to test the Spirit". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **breathed her last** - This is a euphemism for "she died." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **The feet of those** - This is synecdoche. The feet referring to the men who buried Ananias. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord?** - This could also be translated as a strong statement. AT: "You have agreed together to test the Spirit!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **breathed her last** - This is a more gentle way of saying that "she died." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **The feet of those** - Here "the feet" refer to the men who buried Ananias. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/act/05/12.md b/act/05/12.md index 1b9430639..572340955 100644 --- a/act/05/12.md +++ b/act/05/12.md @@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Many signs and wonders were taking place** - "Many miracles were taking place" (see UDB) -* **no one else** - That is, "no other person who was not a part of the church" -* **Solomon’s porch** - This is located inside the temple courtyard. +* **no one else** - "no other person who was not a part of the church" +* **Solomon’s porch** - This area is located inside the temple courtyard. * **high esteem** - "great awe and respect" diff --git a/act/05/17.md b/act/05/17.md index fddf953a5..5edac7555 100644 --- a/act/05/17.md +++ b/act/05/17.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But** - This begins a contrasting story. Be aware of how your language introduces contrasting narrative. -* **jealousy ** - "envy" or "resentment". The Sadducees were upset that the apostles were getting so much attention and fame. -* **laid hands on the apostles** - "seized the apostles". (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **But** - This begins a contrasting story. You may translate this in the way that your language introduces a contrasting narrative. +* **jealousy** - "envy" or "resentment" +* **laid hands on the apostles** - "seized the apostles," (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/act/05/19.md b/act/05/19.md index d12af7150..0193c203b 100644 --- a/act/05/19.md +++ b/act/05/19.md @@ -13,3 +13,4 @@ * **led them out** - "led the apostles out of the jail" * **about daybreak** - The temple was closed at night. The apostles obeyed the angel as soon as possible. +* **council** - The council that is referred to here is the most important Jewish Council, which was also known as the Sanhedrin. diff --git a/act/05/22.md b/act/05/22.md index d1d1467e4..74ce0cc2c 100644 --- a/act/05/22.md +++ b/act/05/22.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* (There are no notes for these verses.) +* There are no Translation Notes for this section. diff --git a/act/05/24.md b/act/05/24.md index 82d6ed2a4..8c11e5a8e 100644 --- a/act/05/24.md +++ b/act/05/24.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **were much perplexed** - "were puzzled" or "were confused" * **concerning them** - "concerning the words they had just heard" (the report that the apostles were missing from the jail) -* **whom you put** - you(plural) +* **whom you put** - The word "you" is plural. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/act/05/26.md b/act/05/26.md index 9c44d3f53..474668010 100644 --- a/act/05/26.md +++ b/act/05/26.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the people might stone them** - the people might stone them-This can also be translated as, "the temple guards might be stoned by the people" -* **Bring this man's blood upon us** - "hold us responsible for the death of this man" -* **charged you ** - charged you - charged you (pl.) -* **you have filled ** - you have filled - you (pl.) have filled +* **council** - This was the most important Jewish Council, which was also known as the Sanhedrin. +* **Bring this man's blood upon us** - "hold us responsible for the death of this man" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **charged you** - Here the word "you" is plural. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **you have filled** - you have filled The word "you" here is plural. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/act/05/29.md b/act/05/29.md index ebb06a2f6..f55c322e1 100644 --- a/act/05/29.md +++ b/act/05/29.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins** - give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins-This could also be translated as, "give Israel the opportunity to turn from their sin and receive forgiveness for their sins" -* **So is the Holy Spirit** - So is the Holy Spirit-The Holy Spirit is spoken of as a person who can testify to validate the miraculous work of Jesus +* **give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins** - This could also be translated as, "give Israel the opportunity to turn from their sin and receive forgiveness for their sins". +* **So is the Holy Spirit** - The Holy Spirit is spoken of as a person who can testify to validate the miraculous work of Jesus diff --git a/act/05/33.md b/act/05/33.md index b4085bea1..f903e5249 100644 --- a/act/05/33.md +++ b/act/05/33.md @@ -6,4 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes +* **council** - This was the most important Jewish Council, which was also known at the Sanhedrin. * **they were furious** - The council members became exceedingly angry at the apostles for rebuking them. diff --git a/act/05/40.md b/act/05/40.md index 8a36a7dc9..ff294a4c6 100644 --- a/act/05/40.md +++ b/act/05/40.md @@ -11,4 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes +* **council** - This was the most important Jewish Council, which was also known as the Sanhedrin. * **counted worthy** - It was a privilege to suffer disgrace for Jesus. diff --git a/act/06/01.md b/act/06/01.md index 1e657b3ae..7022f2042 100644 --- a/act/06/01.md +++ b/act/06/01.md @@ -8,9 +8,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now in these days** - This is introducing a new episode. You will need to consider how you start new episodes in your language. +* **disciple** - Anyone who believes in Jesus and obeys his teachings is called a disciple of Jesus. * **multiplying ** - "greatly increasing" * **Grecian Jews** - These were Jews who had lived most of their lives somewhere in the Roman Empire outside of Israel, and had grown up speaking Greek. Their language and culture were somewhat different from those who had grown up in Israel. * **the Hebrews** - These were Jews who had grown up in Israel speaking Aramaic. The church consisted of only Jews and converts to Judaism so far. * **widow** - A true widow was a woman whose husband had died, was too old to get married again, and did not have any relatives to care for her. * **daily distribution of food** - The money that was being given to the apostles was used in part to buy food for the early church widows. -* **being overlooked** - "being ignored" or "being forgotten." There were so many who needed help that some were missed. +* **being overlooked** - "being ignored" or "being forgotten". There were so many who needed help that some were missed. diff --git a/act/06/02.md b/act/06/02.md index 15ad1674f..d85d9e619 100644 --- a/act/06/02.md +++ b/act/06/02.md @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **disciple** - Anyone who believes in Jesus and obeys his teachings is called a disciple of Jesus. * **serve tables** - This is metonymy for serving food to the people. (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **men of good reputation, full of the Spirit and of wisdom** - Possible meanings are 1) the men have three qualities -- a good reputation, being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom, or 2) the men have a reputation for two qualities-- being full of the Spirit, and being full of wisdom (UDB). * **good reputation** - “men that people know are good” or “men whom people trust” diff --git a/act/06/05.md b/act/06/05.md index 88bc81b32..2d5707edd 100644 --- a/act/06/05.md +++ b/act/06/05.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Their speech pleased** - Their speech was accepted -* **Stephen…and Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolaus, a proselyte from Antioch - ** - These are Greek names, and suggest that the men elected were mostly or entirely from the Grecian Jewish group of believers. -* **proselyte** - a Gentile who converted to the Jewish religion. -* **placed their hands upon them** - giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority to the work of the seven. +* **Stephen…and Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolaus, a proselyte from Antioch - ** - ** These are Greek names, and suggest that the men elected were mostly or entirely from the Grecian Jewish group of believers. +* **proselyte** - a Gentile who converted to the Jewish religion +* **placed their hands upon them** - giving a blessing and imparting responsibility and authority to the work of the seven diff --git a/act/06/08.md b/act/06/08.md index d3c9b4872..d2196cf31 100644 --- a/act/06/08.md +++ b/act/06/08.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **synagogue of the Freedmen** - synagogue of the Freedmen: Probably ex-slaves from these different locations. It is unclear if the other people listed were part of the synagogue or just participated in the debate with Stephen. -* **debating with Stephen ** - debating with Stephen - "arguing with Stephen" (UDB) or "discussing with Stephen" +* **synagogue of the Freedmen** - slaves from these different locations. It is unclear if the other people listed were part of the synagogue or just participated in the debate with Stephen. +* **debating with Stephen ** - "arguing with Stephen" (UDB) or "discussing with Stephen" diff --git a/act/06/10.md b/act/06/10.md index 39fa1361d..53dffde8d 100644 --- a/act/06/10.md +++ b/act/06/10.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **not able to stand** - "could not argue against" * **Spirit** - "Holy Spirit" * **secretly persuaded** - "secretly convinced" -* **blasphemous words** - This can be translated as, "words against the law of God and Moses". +* **blasphemous words** - This can be translated as, "words against the law of God and Moses." diff --git a/act/06/12.md b/act/06/12.md index facb41849..f07159469 100644 --- a/act/06/12.md +++ b/act/06/12.md @@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **incited the people** - stirred the people up to be angry. +* **incited the people** - stirred the people up to be angry * **seized** - "grabbed" -* **fixed their eyes on him** - "looked intently at him". This is an idiom for "staring at him". (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **was like the face of an angel -** - This is a simile like comparison with the point of similarity likely being "shining" which is not mentioned. It could be translated as "was shining like the face of an angel" (UDB). (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **council** - This was the most important Jewish Council, which was called the Sanhedrin. +* **fixed their eyes on him** - "looked intently at him". This is an idiom for "staring at him." (see: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **was like the face of an angel -** - ** This is a simile like comparison with the point of similarity likely being "shining" which is not mentioned. It could be translated as "was shining like the face of an angel" (UDB). (see: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/act/07/06.md b/act/07/06.md index 75c94079f..2dafd826f 100644 --- a/act/07/06.md +++ b/act/07/06.md @@ -8,12 +8,11 @@ * [[en:tw:jacob]] * [[en:tw:judge]] * [[en:tw:patriarchs]] -* [[en:tw:seed]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:worship]] ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **to which they will be slaves - ** - "to which your descendants will be slaves" +* **to which they will be slaves - ** - **"to which your descendants will be slaves" * **so Abraham became the father of Isaac…** - The story transitions to Abraham's descendents. diff --git a/act/07/11.md b/act/07/11.md index 08ca0e40f..6bc45925f 100644 --- a/act/07/11.md +++ b/act/07/11.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **there came a famine** - "a famine came," The ground stopped producing food. +* **there came a famine** - "a famine came". The ground stopped producing food. * **our forefathers** - "Joseph's older brothers" -* **grain** - This could also be translated as "food" -* **showed himself** - showed himself- Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother. +* **grain** - This could also be translated as "food." +* **showed himself** - Joseph revealed to his brothers his identity as their brother. diff --git a/act/07/14.md b/act/07/14.md index d97db2b04..179ef7b36 100644 --- a/act/07/14.md +++ b/act/07/14.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **himself and our forefathers** - himself and our forefathers "Jacob and his sons, our forefathers" -* **They were carried over to ** - They were carried over to "Jacob's descendants carried Jacob's body and his son's bodies over to". (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **himself and our forefathers** - "Jacob and his sons, our forefathers" +* **They were carried over to** - "Jacob's descendants carried Jacob's body and his son's bodies over to" (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **for a price of silver** - with money diff --git a/act/07/17.md b/act/07/17.md index dc7384772..9f9750fb6 100644 --- a/act/07/17.md +++ b/act/07/17.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. * **time of the promise** - It was close to the time that God would fulfill his promise to Abraham. -* **who did not know about Joseph** - This is metonymy. "Joseph" was substituted for "Joseph greatly helping the people of Egypt. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **our people** - "Our" includes Stephen and his audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **ill-treated** - "treated poorly" or “took advantage of" -* **throw out their infants** - To abandon their infants so that the infants would die. +* **who did not know about Joseph** - This is metonymy. "Joseph" was substituted for "Joseph greatly helping the people of Egypt." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **our people** - "Our" includes Stephen and his audience. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **ill-treated** - treated** - "treated poorly" or “took advantage of" +* **throw out their infants** - To abandon their infants so that the infants would die diff --git a/act/07/22.md b/act/07/22.md index 7a42f051a..d8501f739 100644 --- a/act/07/22.md +++ b/act/07/22.md @@ -8,18 +8,17 @@ * [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:mighty]] * [[en:tw:moses]] -* [[en:tw:son]] * [[en:tw:works]] * [[en:tw:wrong]] ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **Moses was educated** - Moses was educated "the Egyptians educated Moses". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **all the learning of the Egyptians** - This is an exaggeration for "many things that the Egyptians knew." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **Moses was educated** - "the Egyptians educated Moses". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **all the learning of the Egyptians** - This is an exaggeration for "many things that the Egyptians knew." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **mighty in his words and works ** - "effective in action and speech", or "powerful in words and actions" (UDB), or "influential in what he did and said" * **visit his brothers** - To investigate their living conditions * **striking the Egyptian** - Moses hit the Egyptian so hard that he died. * **he thought** - He imagined * **by his hand ** - through him -* **was rescuing them** - This could also be translated, "was rescuing them right then" +* **was rescuing them** - This could also be translated, "was rescuing them right then." diff --git a/act/07/29.md b/act/07/29.md index 7a031c2c5..4f446e9cf 100644 --- a/act/07/29.md +++ b/act/07/29.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* ** after hearing this** - The implied information is, "Moses heard that the Israelites knew he killed an Egyptian the day before." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **father of two sons** - Stephen's audience already knew "Moses married a Midianite woman". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **When forty years were past** - "When Forty years past after Moses fled Egypt".(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **after hearing this** - The implied information is, "Moses heard that the Israelites knew he killed an Egyptian the day before." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **father of two sons** - Stephen's audience already knew "Moses married a Midianite woman." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **When forty years were past** - "When Forty years past after Moses fled Egypt". (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/act/07/35.md b/act/07/35.md index 956d289da..5808943bd 100644 --- a/act/07/35.md +++ b/act/07/35.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* Verses 35-38 contains a series of connected phrases referring to Moses. Each phrase begins with statements such as "This Moses" or "This same Moses" or "This is the man" or "It is the same Moses." If possible, use similar statements to emphasize Moses. +* 38 contains a series of connected phrases referring to Moses. Each phrase begins with statements such as "This Moses" or "This same Moses" or "This is the man" or "It is the same Moses." If possible, use similar statements to emphasize Moses. * **This Moses whom they rejected** - This refers back to the events recorded in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:26]]. * **Who made you a ruler and a judge?** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:26]]. * **as a ruler and deliverer** - "to rule over them and to free them from being slaves" diff --git a/act/07/38.md b/act/07/38.md index dc8c2c24c..0d9a9c169 100644 --- a/act/07/38.md +++ b/act/07/38.md @@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* This section continues the series of phrases emphasizing Moses that began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:35]]. +* Stephen discusses Moses in his defense before the Jewish council. * **This is the man who was in the assembly** - "This is the man Moses who was among the Israelites" (UDB) * **this is the man who received living words to give us** - This could be translated in active form as "this is the man to whom God spoke living words to give to us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **living words** - Possible meanings are 1) "a message that endures" or 2) "words that give life." diff --git a/act/07/41.md b/act/07/41.md index 503be6c1d..32097f4b9 100644 --- a/act/07/41.md +++ b/act/07/41.md @@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. * **they made a calf** - "they made a statue that looked like a calf" -* ** to serve the host of heaven** - "to serve the lights in the sky" -* **O house of Israel** - This is a metonym for the whole nation of Israel. (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Did you offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices ...** - This is a rhetorical question stating that their sacrifices were not offerings to God. Can be translated as "You did not offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices ..." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **to serve the host of heaven** - "to serve the lights in the sky" +* **O house of Israel** - This is a metonym for the whole nation of Israel. (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Did you offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices …** - This is a rhetorical question stating that their sacrifices were not offerings to God. This can be translated as "You did not offer to me slain beasts and sacrifices …." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/07/43.md b/act/07/43.md index 28553edba..0916256af 100644 --- a/act/07/43.md +++ b/act/07/43.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. Stephen here continues a quotation of Amos [[:en:bible:notes:amo:05:25]] that he started in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:41]]. -* **tabernacle of Molech** - The tabernacle or tent that housed the false god Molech. -* **the star of the god Rephan** - the star that is identified to the false god Rephan. +* 27]] that he started in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:41]]. +* **tabernacle of Molech** - The tabernacle or tent that housed the false god Molech +* **the star of the god Rephan** - the star that is identified to the false god Rephan * **Images that you made** - They made statues or images of the gods Molech and Rephan for the purpose to worship them. * **I will carry you away beyond Babylon** - "I will remove you to Babylon" diff --git a/act/07/44.md b/act/07/44.md index dda4d3834..5d419c5f8 100644 --- a/act/07/44.md +++ b/act/07/44.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **tabernacle of the testimony** - The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it. +* **tabernacle of the testimony** - The tent that housed the ark (a box) with the 10 commandments carved in stone inside it * **possession of the nations** - This would include the land, buildings, crops, animals and all the possessions of the nations Israel was conquering. * **It was like this until the days of David** - The Ark remained in a tent up to and including the time of David, king of Israel. * **a dwelling place for the God of Jacob** - David wanted the Ark to reside in Jerusalem, not in a tent wandering around Israel. diff --git a/act/07/47.md b/act/07/47.md index 5aa372843..d2c3b836d 100644 --- a/act/07/47.md +++ b/act/07/47.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **made with hands** - This is synecdoche for "made by people". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **Heaven is my throne...earth the footstool for my feet** - The prophet is comparing God's presence being so great that whole universe is his throne with how impossible it is for man to build a place for God to rest on earth since the whole earth is nothing but a mere footstool to Him. -* **What kind of house can you build for me?** - What kind of house can you build for me? This is a rhetorical question for "You can not build a house adequate enough for me!" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **where is the place for my rest?** - "There is no place of rest good enough for me!" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Did not my hand make all these things? ** - This is a rhetorical question for "My hand made all these things!" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **made with hands** - This is synecdoche for "made by people." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Heaven is my throne…earth the footstool for my feet** - The prophet is comparing God's presence being so great that whole universe is his throne with how impossible it is for man to build a place for God to rest on earth since the whole earth is nothing but a mere footstool to Him. +* **What kind of house can you build for me?** - This is a rhetorical question for "You can not build a house adequate enough for me!" (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **where is the place for my rest?** - "There is no place of rest good enough for me!" (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Did not my hand make all these things? ** - This is a rhetorical question for "My hand made all these things!" (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/07/51.md b/act/07/51.md index 1a5b90d2c..f3f6ed504 100644 --- a/act/07/51.md +++ b/act/07/51.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Stephen continues his defense before the Jewish council that he began in [[:en:bible:notes:act:07:01]]. -* **You people who are stiff-necked...** - Stephen shifted from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them. -* **uncircumcised in heart** - "disobedient in heart." Stephen may have been comparing them to the Gentiles, which they would have understood as an insult. -* **Which of the prophets did your forefathers not persecute?** - This is a rhetorical question where Stephen was rebuking them. Can be translated as, "Your forefathers persecuted every prophet!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **You people who are stiff-necked…** - necked…** - Stephen shifted from identifying with the Jewish leaders to rebuking them. +* **uncircumcised in heart** - "disobedient in heart". Stephen may have been comparing them to the Gentiles, which they would have understood as an insult. +* **Which of the prophets did your forefathers not persecute?** - This is a rhetorical question where Stephen was rebuking them. Can be translated as, "Your forefathers persecuted every prophet!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Righteous One** - This refers to the Christ, the Messiah. -* **murderers of him** - "murderers of the Righteous One" or "murderers of the Christ." +* **murderers of him** - "murderers of the Righteous One" or "murderers of the Christ" diff --git a/act/07/54.md b/act/07/54.md index e0a404482..491133548 100644 --- a/act/07/54.md +++ b/act/07/54.md @@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **cut to the heart** - This is an idiom for, "overcome by anger." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **heard these things ** - heard these things - This is the turning point; the sermon ends and the council reacts. -* **ground their teeth ** - ground their teeth - This is an idiom for expressing strong anger or hatred. Can be translated as "they became so angry that they ground their teeth together". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **looked...up into heaven** - "Looked...up into the sky." It appears that only Stephen saw this vision and not anyone else in the crowd. +* **council** - This was the most important Jewish Council, which was called the Sanhedrin. +* **cut to the heart** - This is an idiom for, "overcome by anger." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **heard these things ** - This is the turning point; the sermon ends and the council reacts. +* **ground their teeth ** - This is an idiom for expressing strong anger or hatred. This can be translated as "they became so angry that they ground their teeth together." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **looked…up into heaven** - "Looked…up into the sky". It appears that only Stephen saw this vision and not anyone else in the crowd. * **he saw Jesus standing** - Note that Jesus was "standing" not "sitting" at the right hand of God. It was an honor when a king would stand to welcome a guest. * **glory of God** - the glory or majesty of God as light. Translated as, "a bright light from God". * **Son of Man** - Stephen is identifying Jesus by the title "Son of Man". diff --git a/act/07/57.md b/act/07/57.md index a391b0aa5..9a036811e 100644 --- a/act/07/57.md +++ b/act/07/57.md @@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes +* **council** - This was the most important Jewish Council, which was called the Sanhedrin. * **stopped their ears** - They covered their ears so that they would not hear any more of what Stephen was saying. * **They threw him out of the city** - "The council members seized Stephen and forcefully took him out of the city" * **outer clothes** - these are cloaks or robes one would wear outside to stay warm, similar in function to a jacket or coat. -* **at the feet** - "in front of" for the purpose of guarding them. +* **at the feet** - "in front of" for the purpose of guarding them diff --git a/act/07/59.md b/act/07/59.md index 21be173fd..dd9aaad8d 100644 --- a/act/07/59.md +++ b/act/07/59.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **receive my spirit** - "take my spirit" -* **fell asleep** - This is a polite expression for "died". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **fell asleep** - This is a polite expression for "died." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/act/08/01.md b/act/08/01.md index 7fb777c42..184cac4a5 100644 --- a/act/08/01.md +++ b/act/08/01.md @@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Saul was in agreement** - Luke shifts the story from Stephen to Saul. you may need to understand how stories transition between key actors in your language. +* **Saul was in agreement** - Luke shifts the story from Stephen to Saul. You may need to understand how stories transition between key actors in your language. * **dragged out** - they were taken by force * **that day** - the day Stephen died -* **the believers were all scattered ** - This is a hyperbole for many or most of the believers living in Jerusalem fled the persecution. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **except the apostles.** - It is implied that the apostles remained in Jerusalem and they did not experience this great persecution. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **the believers were all scattered ** - This is a hyperbole for many or most of the believers living in Jerusalem fled the persecution. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **except the apostles.** - It is implied that the apostles remained in Jerusalem and they did not experience this great persecution. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **devout men** - "God-fearing men" or "men who feared God" * **made great lamentation ** - "mourned greatly…over him" (UDB) -* **he went into every house ** - This is a hyperbole for Saul entering into many houses. He did not have authority to enter every house in Jerusalem. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **he went into every house ** - This is a hyperbole for Saul entering into many houses. He did not have authority to enter every house in Jerusalem. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **dragged out men and women** - Saul forcefully took Jewish believers out of their home and put them into prison. diff --git a/act/08/04.md b/act/08/04.md index d71285f94..c171d6bd4 100644 --- a/act/08/04.md +++ b/act/08/04.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **who had been scattered...** - "who had been scattered by the great persecution". The cause for the scattering, the persecution, was specified previously. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) -* **the city of Samaria** - the city of Samaria: It is unclear if the city of Samaria refers to "the city" (ULB) or "a city" (UDB). Suggest translating this as "the city". +* **who had been scattered…** - "who had been scattered by the great persecution". The cause for the scattering, the persecution, was specified previously. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) +* **the city of Samaria** - It is unclear if the city of Samaria refers to "the city" (ULB) or "a city" (UDB). Suggest translating this as "the city." diff --git a/act/08/09.md b/act/08/09.md index daa8ff6da..368994941 100644 --- a/act/08/09.md +++ b/act/08/09.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **but there was a certain man ** - "a certain man…names Simon" is a way of introducing a new person into the story. You need to be aware of how new people are introduced in your language. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) -* **the city** - "the city in Samaria." +* **but there was a certain man ** - "a certain man…named Simon" is a way of introducing a new person into the story. You need to be aware of how new people are introduced in your language. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) +* **the city** - "the city in Samaria" * **all the Samaritans ** - This is a hyperbole for "many of the Samaritans in the city." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **This man is that power of God which is called Great** - People were saying that Simon is the divine power known as The Great Power. diff --git a/act/08/12.md b/act/08/12.md index 9229cd69f..83fd4a5ae 100644 --- a/act/08/12.md +++ b/act/08/12.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **they were baptized ** - they were baptized - Philip baptized the new believers. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **when he saw signs and great miracles done, he was amazed** - "Simon was amazed when he saw Philip doing signs and great miracles". +* **they were baptized ** - Philip baptized the new believers. (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **when he saw signs and great miracles done, he was amazed** - "Simon was amazed when he saw Philip doing signs and great miracles." (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/08/14.md b/act/08/14.md index 96cd85292..bc469c206 100644 --- a/act/08/14.md +++ b/act/08/14.md @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Samaria ** - Samaria - This is synecdoche for many people throughout Samaria district (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Samaria ** - This is synecdoche for many people throughout Samaria district (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **When they had come down** - "when Peter and John had come down" * **they prayed for them ** - " Peter and John Prayed for the Samaritan believers" -* **that they might receive the Holy Spirit. ** - "that the Samaritan believers might receive the Holy Spirit." -* **they had only been baptized** - "Philip had only baptized the samaritan believers." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Then Peter and John placed their hands on them** - Then Peter and John placed their hands on them That is, the Samaritan people who believed Stephen's message of the gospel. +* **that they might receive the Holy Spirit. ** - "that the Samaritan believers might receive the Holy Spirit" +* **they had only been baptized** - "Philip had only baptized the samaritan believers." (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Then Peter and John placed their hands on them** - That is, the Samaritan people who believed Stephen's message of the gospel. diff --git a/act/08/20.md b/act/08/20.md index db3c7c230..82542047d 100644 --- a/act/08/20.md +++ b/act/08/20.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * **him…your…you** - These pronouns all refer to Simon. * **your heart is not right** - "Your thinking is not right" -* **Gift of God** - The ability to communicate the Holy Spirit through the laying on of hands. +* **Gift of God** - The ability to communicate the Holy Spirit through the laying on of hands * **for what you desired** - "for wanting to buy the ability to give the Holy Spirit to others" -* **poison of bitterness** - a figurative expression for "being extremely envious." (UDB) +* **poison of bitterness** - a figurative expression for "being extremely envious" (UDB) * **Bonds of sin** - "prisoner of sin" or "can only do sin" diff --git a/act/08/24.md b/act/08/24.md index 16da8dbcc..1c24ce0a5 100644 --- a/act/08/24.md +++ b/act/08/24.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **none of those things which you have spoken** - none of those things which you have spoken-This refers to Peter's rebuke, "May your silver perish along with you". +* **none of those things which you have spoken** - This refers to Peter's rebuke, "May your silver perish along with you." * **which you have spoken** - "you" refers to Peter & John. diff --git a/act/08/25.md b/act/08/25.md index 244b13e6b..0f1ca1f8a 100644 --- a/act/08/25.md +++ b/act/08/25.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **born witness** - Peter and John told what they personally knew about Jesus to the Samaritans. * **Spoken the word of the Lord** - Peter & John explained how the scriptures spoke of Jesus to the Samaritan. -* **...to many villages of the Samaritans ** - "to the people in many Samaritan villages" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **…to many villages of the Samaritans ** - "to the people in many Samaritan villages" . (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/act/08/29.md b/act/08/29.md index 32b9bda0f..734ff6ef0 100644 --- a/act/08/29.md +++ b/act/08/29.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Do you understand what you are reading?** - Can be translated as, "Do you understand the meaning of what you are reading?" The Ethiopian could read and was intelligent. This was an issue of spiritual understanding. -* **"How can I, unless someone guides me?"** - This is a rhetorical question for "I can not unless someone guides me". It is used to emphatically stress that he could not understand. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) -* **He begged Philip to...sit with him.** - Also implied, Philip agreed to traveled down the road with him. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **"How can I, unless someone guides me?"** - This is a rhetorical question for "I can not unless someone guides me." It is used to emphatically stress that he could not understand. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) +* **He begged Philip to…sit with him.** - Also implied, Philip agreed to traveled down the road with him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/act/08/32.md b/act/08/32.md index d00d5ce91..5227b903c 100644 --- a/act/08/32.md +++ b/act/08/32.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **as a lamb before his shearer is silent ** - as a lamb before his shearer is silent - A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used. +* **as a lamb before his shearer is silent ** - A shearer is a person who cuts the wool off the sheep so that it may be used. * **In his humiliation his judgment was taken away** - "He was humiliated and they did not judge him fairly" diff --git a/act/08/34.md b/act/08/34.md index 0a126f3a5..f05730521 100644 --- a/act/08/34.md +++ b/act/08/34.md @@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ * [[en:tw:isaiah]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:philip]] -* [[en:tw:proclaim]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] diff --git a/act/08/36.md b/act/08/36.md index 5d8e8763a..0e12e0633 100644 --- a/act/08/36.md +++ b/act/08/36.md @@ -1,17 +1,27 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:baptize]] +* [[en:tw:baptize|baptize, baptism]] * [[en:tw:believe]] +* [[en:tw:believe|believe, believe in, belief]] * [[en:tw:chariot]] +* [[en:tw:chariot|chariot]] * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:christ|Christ, Messiah]] * [[en:tw:ethiopia]] +* [[en:tw:ethiopia|Ethiopia, Ethiopian]] * [[en:tw:eunuch]] +* [[en:tw:eunuch|eunuch]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:jesus|Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus]] * [[en:tw:philip]] +* [[en:tw:philip|Philip, the evangelist]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] +* [[en:tw:sonofgod|Son of God, the Son]] * [[en:tw:water]] +* [[en:tw:water|water, waters]] ## translationNotes -* **what prevents me from being baptized?** - This is a rhetorical question for "There is nothing preventing you from baptizing me."(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) and (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **verse 37** - This verse was omitted because some of the older, more reliable, ancient texts did not include the verse. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) +* **what prevents me from being baptized?** - This is a rhetorical question for "There is nothing preventing you from baptizing me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) and (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **verse 37** - This verse was omitted because some of the older, more reliable, ancient texts did not include the verse. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_textvariants]]) diff --git a/act/08/39.md b/act/08/39.md index f2ba0aed7..90b53d90e 100644 --- a/act/08/39.md +++ b/act/08/39.md @@ -7,12 +7,11 @@ * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:philip]] -* [[en:tw:proclaim]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] ## translationNotes * **the eunuch saw him no longer** - "the eunuch did not see Philip again" -* **Philip appeared at Azotus.** - There was no indication of Philip traveled between where he met the Ethiopian and Azotus. He just suddenly disappeared along the road to Gaza and reappeared at Azotus. +* **Philip appeared at Azotus.** - There was no indication of Philip travelling between where he met the Ethiopian and Azotus. He just suddenly disappeared along the road to Gaza and reappeared at Azotus. * **until he came to Caesarea** - The story of Philip ends here at Caesarea. diff --git a/act/09/01.md b/act/09/01.md index 3f3c08d9a..ac2b5af08 100644 --- a/act/09/01.md +++ b/act/09/01.md @@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **But Saul** - The story changes from Philip to Saul. AT: "Meanwhile, Saul" (UDB) -* **still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples** - The noun "murder" can be translated as a verb: "still speaking threats, even to murder the disciples" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_abstractnouns]]) +* **still speaking threats even of murder against the disciples** - The noun "murder" can be translated as a verb: "still speaking threats, even to murder the disciples." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_abstractnouns]]) +* **disciple** - Anyone who believes in Jesus and obeys his teachings is called a disciple of Jesus. * **asked him for letters** - "asked the high priest for letters of support" * **if he found…he might bring** - The word 'he' refers to Saul. * **who belonged to the Way** - "who followed the teachings of Jesus Christ” -* **he might bring them bound to Jerusalem** - "he might take them as prisoners to Jerusalem." Paul's purpose can be made clear by adding "so that the Jewish leaders could judge and punish them" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **he might bring them bound to Jerusalem** - "he might take them as prisoners to Jerusalem". Paul's purpose can be made clear by adding "so that the Jewish leaders could judge and punish them" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/act/09/03.md b/act/09/03.md index 350877a91..eb9224b03 100644 --- a/act/09/03.md +++ b/act/09/03.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* (After the high priest gave Saul the letters, he left for Damascus) +* (After the high priest gave Saul the letters, Saul left for Damascus) * **As he was traveling** - Saul left Jerusalem and is now traveling to Damascus. * **it happened that** - This is an expression to mark a change in the story, that something different is about to happen. -* **a light shone...out of heaven ** - from the sky +* **there shone all around him a light out of heaven** - "a light from the sky shone all around him" * **he fell upon the ground** - It is ambiguous between 1) "Saul threw himself to the ground" or 2) "The light caused him to fall to the ground" or 3) "Saul fell to the ground like one who fainted and fell." Saul did not fall accidentally. -* **why are you persecuting me?** - The Lord was rebuking Saul in the form of a question. It can be translated "You are persecuting me!". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **why are you persecuting me?** - The Lord was rebuking Saul in the form of a question. It can be translated "You are persecuting me!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/09/05.md b/act/09/05.md index 6bc7f6289..d8805ff40 100644 --- a/act/09/05.md +++ b/act/09/05.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **"Lord, who are you?** - "Lord" may mean 1) "Lord" or 2) "Master" or "Sir." Saul had not yet come to know Jesus as the Lord. This was a matter of acknowledging that he was in the presence of a greater supernatural power. +* **"Lord, who are you?** - Saul had not yet come to know Jesus as the Lord. This was a matter of acknowledging that he was in the presence of a greater supernatural power. * **but rise, enter into the city...** - "get up and go into the city Damascus..." * **it will be told you** - someone will tell you * **you...you...you** - These are all singular. diff --git a/act/09/08.md b/act/09/08.md index 19918acf8..bd64f098c 100644 --- a/act/09/08.md +++ b/act/09/08.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **he could see nothing** - Saul was blind. -* **he neither ate nor drank** - "he choose not to eat or drink" as in "he fasted" or "he was unable to eat or drink" as in "not hungry". +* **he neither ate nor drank** - "he choose not to eat or drink" as in "he fasted" or "he was unable to eat or drink" as in "not hungry" diff --git a/act/09/10.md b/act/09/10.md index 717be6d97..c22aaa0f0 100644 --- a/act/09/10.md +++ b/act/09/10.md @@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now there was** - This begins a new part of the story with the introduction of a new character. +* **disciple** - Anyone who believes in Jesus and obeys his teachings is called a disciple of Jesus. * **Ananias** - A disciple of Jesus who obeyed God by going to Saul, and healed Saul by laying his hands on Saul. -* ** And he said..."** - "And Ananias said..." -* **house of Judas** - Judas was owner of a house in Damascus where Ananias stayed. Though there are several Judas' mentioned in the New Testament, it is likely this is his only appearance. +* **And he said…"** - "And Ananias said…" +* **house of Judas** - Judas was owner of a house in Damascus where Ananias stayed. Though there are several Judases mentioned in the New Testament, it is likely this is his only appearance. * **a man from Tarsus** - "a man from the city of Tarsus" diff --git a/act/09/13.md b/act/09/13.md index 8ca1a250c..34661cb13 100644 --- a/act/09/13.md +++ b/act/09/13.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **authority from the chief priests** - It is implied that the extent of the power and authority granted Saul was limited to the Jewish people at this point in time. (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **he is a chosen instrument of mine** - "Chosen instrument" is an expression for being set apart for service. It can be translated as "I have chosen him to serve me". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **for him to carry my name** - "to carry my name" is an expression for identifying or speaking out for Jesus. It can be translated as "in order that he might speak about me." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* ** for the cause of my name** - This is an expression for, "for telling people about me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **authority from the chief priests** - It is implied that the extent of the power and authority granted Saul was limited to the Jewish people at this point in time. (see: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **he is a chosen instrument of mine** - "Chosen instrument" is an expression for being set apart for service. It can be translated as "I have chosen him to serve me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **for him to carry my name** - "to carry my name" is an expression for identifying or speaking out for Jesus. It can be translated as "in order that he might speak about me." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **for the cause of my name** - This is an expression for, "for telling people about me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/09/20.md b/act/09/20.md index 226cfcad0..0370dd75a 100644 --- a/act/09/20.md +++ b/act/09/20.md @@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ * [[en:tw:call]] * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] * [[en:tw:christ]] -* [[en:tw:damascus]] -* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:jew]] @@ -16,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Right away he began to preach** - "he" refers to Saul +* **Right away he began to preach** - "he" refers to Saul. * **saying that he is the Son of God** - "he" here refers to Jesus. -* **All who heard him ** - This is a hyperbole for "many who heard". If you express exaggeration differently then use your form. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **Is not this the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name?** - This is a rhetorical and negative question that is emphasizing Saul was indeed the man who was persecuting the believers. It can be stated as, "This is the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name Jesus!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **All who heard him ** - This is a hyperbole for "many who heard." If you express exaggeration differently then use your form. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **Is not this the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name?** - This is a rhetorical and negative question that is emphasizing Saul was indeed the man who was persecuting the believers. It can be stated as, "This is the man who destroyed those in Jerusalem who called on this name Jesus!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/09/23.md b/act/09/23.md index cfab17a24..a245f6c2d 100644 --- a/act/09/23.md +++ b/act/09/23.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **the Jews planned together to kill him** - "him" refers to Saul. -* **But their plan became known to Saul** - This clause might need to be stated as an active clause as, "But someone told their plan to Saul." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **But their plan became known to Saul** - This clause might need to be stated as an active clause as, "But someone told their plan to Saul." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **So they watched the gates** - This city had a wall surrounding it. People could only enter and exit the city through the gates. -* **his disciples** - people who believed Saul's message about Jesus and were following his teaching. +* **his disciples** - people who believed Saul's message about Jesus and were following his teaching diff --git a/act/09/26.md b/act/09/26.md index 5849871cd..0d6f83cd7 100644 --- a/act/09/26.md +++ b/act/09/26.md @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **but they were all afraid of him** - "They were all" is an a hyperbole for many or most. It can be restated as "almost all of them". (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **disciple** - Anyone who believes in Jesus and obeys his teachings is called a disciple of Jesus. +* **but they were all afraid of him** - "They were all" is an a hyperbole for many or most. It can be restated as "almost all of them." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **But Barnabas took him** - "But Barnabas took Saul" -* **Saul had boldly preached in the name of Jesus** - This is metonymy for Saul preaching or teaching the gospel message of Jesus Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Saul had boldly preached in the name of Jesus** - This is metonymy for Saul preaching or teaching the gospel message of Jesus Christ. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/09/28.md b/act/09/28.md index ccdb4ddf0..7b98bc4ef 100644 --- a/act/09/28.md +++ b/act/09/28.md @@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ * [[en:tw:jew]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:name]] -* [[en:tw:proclaim]] * [[en:tw:tarsus]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/act/09/31.md b/act/09/31.md index a85059553..80159fb16 100644 --- a/act/09/31.md +++ b/act/09/31.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **in the comfort of the Holy Spirit** - "the Holy Spirit was strengthening and encouraging them" * **Throughout the whole region** - This is hyperbole for Peter visiting many of the believers throughout Judea, Galilee and Samaria. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **God's people** - This is metonymy for the people who believed in the gospel message of Jesus Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Lydda** - Lydda Lydda is a city located about 18 km southeast of Joppa. This city was called Lod in the OT, and in modern Israel. +* **Lydda** - Lydda is a city located about 18 km southeast of Joppa. This city was called Lod in the OT, and in modern Israel. diff --git a/act/09/33.md b/act/09/33.md index ab2576a4b..c87ed751b 100644 --- a/act/09/33.md +++ b/act/09/33.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **There he found a certain man** - "There Peter met a man." Peter was not intentionally searching for a paralyzed person but happened upon him. -* **paralyzed** - unable to walk, probably unable to move below the waist. +* **paralyzed** - unable to walk, probably unable to move below the waist * **make your bed** - "roll up you mat" (UDB) -* **everyone who lived...** - This is a hyperbole for "many people who lived..." (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **everyone who lived…** - This is a hyperbole for "many people who lived…" (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/act/09/36.md b/act/09/36.md index e3f4f5c44..6d112a821 100644 --- a/act/09/36.md +++ b/act/09/36.md @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now there was in Joppa** - This in introducing a new event in the story of Peter. -* **Tabitha, which is translated as "Dorcas."** - Tabitha is her name in the Aramaic language and Dorcas is her name in the Greek language. Both names mean “gazelle.” +* **Now there was in Joppa** - This introduces a new event in the story of Peter. +* **disciple** - Anyone who believes in Jesus and obeys his teachings is called a disciple of Jesus. +* **Tabitha, which is translated as "Dorcas."** - Tabitha is her name in the Aramaic language, and Dorcas is her name in the Greek language. Both names mean “gazelle.” * **full of good works** - "doing many good deeds" -* **It came about in those days ** - "It came about while Peter was in Lydda". This is implied information. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **It came about in those days** - "It came about while Peter was in Lydda". This is implied information. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/act/09/38.md b/act/09/38.md index dd294b860..eff05a0fb 100644 --- a/act/09/38.md +++ b/act/09/38.md @@ -7,5 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **they sent two men to him** - "the disciples sent two men to Peter" -* **widows** - Women whose husbands have died. +* **disciple** - Anyone who obeys and follows Jesus is a disciple of Jesus. +* **widows** - Women whose husbands have died * **while she had been with them** - "while she was still alive with the disciples" (UDB) diff --git a/act/09/40.md b/act/09/40.md index 26a08b65f..b9b814a64 100644 --- a/act/09/40.md +++ b/act/09/40.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **put them all out** - In this case, Peter did have everyone leave so he could be alone to pray for Tabitha. * **This matter became known** - The miracle of Peter raising Tabitha from the dead. -* **believed on the Lord** - This is metonymy for "believed in the gospel of the Lord Jesus". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **believed on the Lord** - This is metonymy for "believed in the gospel of the Lord Jesus." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **It happened that Peter stayed** - "It came about that Peter stayed" diff --git a/act/10/01.md b/act/10/01.md index f2a4e1356..9118369c5 100644 --- a/act/10/01.md +++ b/act/10/01.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **Now there was a certain man ** - This was a way of introducing a new person to the story. In this case, it was Cornelius. * **Cornelius by name, a centurion of what was called the Italian cohort** - "his name was Cornelius. He was an officer in charge of 100 soldiers from the Italian section of the Roman army." * **He was a devout man, one who feared God** - "He believed in God and sought to honor and worship God in his life" -* **with all his household** - "with all the members of his household" (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **he gave much money to the people** - "...to poor people." This was one way he demonstrated his fear of God. +* **with all his household** - "with all the members of his household". (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **he gave much money to the people** - "…to poor people". This was one way he demonstrated his fear of God. diff --git a/act/10/07.md b/act/10/07.md index 238ec0b85..9b26b3891 100644 --- a/act/10/07.md +++ b/act/10/07.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **When the angel who spoke to him had left** - "When Cornelius' vision had ended" * **told them all that had happened** - Cornelius explained his vision to his two servants and soldier. -* **sent them to Joppa** - sent two of his two servants and one soldier to Joppa. +* **sent them to Joppa** - sent two of his two servants and one soldier to Joppa diff --git a/act/10/09.md b/act/10/09.md index 5b93384ee..5cd88a175 100644 --- a/act/10/09.md +++ b/act/10/09.md @@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **as they were on their journey** - as Cornelius's two servants and the soldier under Cornelius's command were on their journey to Joppa. +* **as they were on their journey** - as Cornelius's two servants and the soldier under Cornelius's command were on their journey to Joppa * **he fell into a trance** - a trance is the state of mind or condition Peter was in when he had a vision. * **he saw the heavens open** - This was the beginning of Peter's vision. * **something like a large sheet** - the container holding the animals had the appearance of a large sheet. * **in it were all kind of…animals and…birds…** - It contained many types of animals. -* diff --git a/act/10/19.md b/act/10/19.md index 5526159fe..887fc87ae 100644 --- a/act/10/19.md +++ b/act/10/19.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **While Peter was still thinking about the vision** - While Peter was still thinking about the vision "While Peter was still meditating about the vision. +* **While Peter was still thinking about the vision** - "While Peter was still meditating about the vision" * **the Spirit** - "the Holy Spirit" -* **See, three men** - "Be alert..." or "wake up..." -* **he whom you ... Why have you come** - he whom you ... Why have you come "you" refers to the three men sent by Cornelius. +* **See, three men** - "Be alert…" or "wake up…" +* **he whom you … Why have you come** - "you" refers to the three men sent by Cornelius. diff --git a/act/10/22.md b/act/10/22.md index 11766d15f..7c0e3cfec 100644 --- a/act/10/22.md +++ b/act/10/22.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **They said** - the three messengers from Cornelius said to Peter -* **Cornelius … is well spoken of by all the nation of the Jews** - Many jewish people speak good things about Cornelius (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **all the nation of the Jews** - this is a hyperbole for Cornelius' good behavior was quite well known by many Jewish people (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **Cornelius … is well spoken of by all the nation of the Jews** - Many jewish people speak good things about Cornelius. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **all the nation of the Jews** - this is a hyperbole for Cornelius' good behavior was quite well known by many Jewish people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **stay with him and the people with him.** - "him" refers to Peter. diff --git a/act/10/30.md b/act/10/30.md index fd314bd39..1a4a7589e 100644 --- a/act/10/30.md +++ b/act/10/30.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ * **four days ago** - Biblical culture includes the current day. In current western culture, this would be, "three days ago." * **the ninth hour of prayer** - The normal afternoon time that the Jews pray to God. -* **prayer in my house** - Some ancient authorities say, "fasting and praying..." -* **your prayer** - Refers to just Cornelius (singular). +* **prayer in my house** - Some ancient authorities say, "fasting and praying…" +* **your prayer** - Refers to just Cornelius (singular) * **reminded God about you** - "to bring to God's attention" * **call to you a man named Simon, who is also called Peter** - "tell Simon who is called Peter to come to you" * **I sent for you** - "you" refers to just Peter (singular). -* **we are all here** - "we" refers to the many people Cornelius invited to his home to hear Peter but not including Peter. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **we are all here** - "we" refers to the many people Cornelius invited to his home to hear Peter but not including Peter. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) diff --git a/act/10/34.md b/act/10/34.md index 84da60aa0..cd1fd3d2a 100644 --- a/act/10/34.md +++ b/act/10/34.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Then Peter opened his mouth and said** - "Peter began to speak to them" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **anyone who fears him and does righteous deeds is acceptable to him** - "He accepts anyone who fears him and does righteous deeds" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Then Peter opened his mouth and said** - "Peter began to speak to them" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **anyone who fears him and does righteous deeds is acceptable to him** - "He accepts anyone who fears him and does righteous deeds". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/10/39.md b/act/10/39.md index 988e15137..8545eb1e3 100644 --- a/act/10/39.md +++ b/act/10/39.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes * (Peter continues to speak.) -* **We are witnesses ** - "We apostles are witnesses". Peter is excluding his audience in "we". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* ** that he did ** - "that Jesus did" +* **We are witnesses ** - "We apostles are witnesses". Peter is excluding his audience in "we." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **that he did ** - "that Jesus did" * **whom they killed** - "whom the Jewish Leaders killed" * **This man** - "This man Jesus" * **God raised up** - God caused Jesus to live again. -* **gave him to be made known...** - God granted him permission to reveal himself ... to us. +* **gave him to be made known…** - God granted him permission to reveal himself … to us. diff --git a/act/10/42.md b/act/10/42.md index 801ae8f7d..a483ff534 100644 --- a/act/10/42.md +++ b/act/10/42.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ ## translationNotes * (Peter continues to speak.) -* **He commanded us** - God commanded us witnesses or apostles. This "us" excludes Peter's audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **that this the one who has been chosen by God** - That Jesus is the one who God chooses. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the living and the dead ** - the people who are still living and people who have died. -* **It is to him that all the prophets bear witness** - All the prophets bear witness to Jesus" +* **He commanded us** - God commanded us witnesses or apostles. This "us" excludes Peter's audience. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **that this the one who has been chosen by God** - That Jesus is the one who God chooses. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the living and the dead ** - the people who are still living and people who have died +* **It is to him that all the prophets bear witness** - "All the prophets bear witness to Jesus" diff --git a/act/10/44.md b/act/10/44.md index 5767fd10d..08118da0a 100644 --- a/act/10/44.md +++ b/act/10/44.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **fell on all of those who were listening ** - fell on all of those who were listening "all" likely refers to all the non-Jews at the house who were believing Peter. Favoring literal rather than hyperbole. +* **fell on all of those who were listening- ** - **"all" likely refers to all the non-Jews at the house who were believing Peter. Favoring literal rather than hyperbole. * **the gift** - "the free gift" -* **the Holy Spirit was poured out** - God poured out the Holy Spirit (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the Holy Spirit was poured out** - God poured out the Holy Spirit. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/10/46.md b/act/10/46.md index d93fe3762..ebb48fcaa 100644 --- a/act/10/46.md +++ b/act/10/46.md @@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Gentiles speak in other languages and praising God** - These were spoken languages that people could identify for the Jews to acknowledge that the Gentiles were indeed praising God. -* **Can anyone keep water from these people… ** - This is a rhetorical statement for "no one should keep water from these people". (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **they should not be baptized** - Peter is making a negative statement, called litotes, with the rhetorical question to emphasize that these people deserve to be baptized. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **he commanded them to be baptized** - "Peter commanded the Gentiles to be baptized" (passive) or "Peter commanded the Jewish Christians to baptize the Gentile believers" (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Can anyone keep water from these people… ** - Peter uses this rhetorical question to emphasize that "no one should keep water from these people." (see [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **he commanded them to be baptized** - "Peter commanded the Gentiles to be baptized" (passive) or "Peter commanded the Jewish Christians to baptize the Gentile believers." (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Then they asked him** - "the Gentiles asked Peter" diff --git a/act/11/01.md b/act/11/01.md index 356454791..15c285d21 100644 --- a/act/11/01.md +++ b/act/11/01.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ * **Now …** - This marks a new part of the story. * **who were in Judea ** - "who were in the province of Judea" -* **had received the word of God** - This is an expression for the Gentiles believing the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Holy Spirit coming upon them and being baptized. (see [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **had received the word of God** - This is an expression for the Gentiles believing the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Holy Spirit coming upon them and being baptized. (see [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **When Peter had come up to Jerusalem** - Jerusalem is located on a hill. * **circumcision group** - These were a group of Jews who taught that all Christ's followers had to be circumcised and follow the law of Moses. -* **criticised him** - "they were taking issue with him." +* **criticised him** - "they were taking issue with him" * **ate with them** - It was against the jewish law for circumcised men to eat with uncircumcised men. diff --git a/act/11/04.md b/act/11/04.md index ea119bc46..c8784939d 100644 --- a/act/11/04.md +++ b/act/11/04.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Peter started to explain** - Peter started to explain-Peter didn't criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly explanatory manner. -* ** four-legged animals of earth** - These animals probably refer to the ones people tame. -* **wild beasts** - These animal probably refer to the animals people do not or can not tame. +* **Peter started to explain** - Peter didn't criticize the Jewish believers but reacted in a friendly explanatory manner. +* **four-legged animals of earth** - legged animals of earth** - These animals probably refer to the ones people tame. +* **wild beasts** - These animals probably refer to the animals people do not or can not tame. * **creeping animals** - these are reptiles. diff --git a/act/11/07.md b/act/11/07.md index 27a5bd2ff..c3afa0c2d 100644 --- a/act/11/07.md +++ b/act/11/07.md @@ -3,14 +3,13 @@ * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:peter]] -* [[en:tw:unclean]] * [[en:tw:unholy]] ## translationNotes * (Peter continues to speak) * **nothing unholy or unclean has ever entered into my mouth ** - Apparently the animals in the sheet were animals which the Jewish law in the Old Testament forbids the Jews to eat. -* **nothing unholy or unclean** - nothing unholy or unclean This is referring to "no unholy or unclean food". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **entered into my mouth** - entered into my mouth This is referring to "I have ate".(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **What God has declared clean do not call unclean ** - This refers to "What animals God has declared clean, do not call them unclean". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **nothing unholy or unclean** - This is referring to "no unholy or unclean food." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **entered into my mouth** - This is referring to "I have ate." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **What God has declared clean do not call unclean ** - This refers to "What animals God has declared clean, do not call them unclean." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **unclean** - In the Old Testament Jewish law, a person became ritually "unclean" in various ways, such as eating certain forbidden animals. diff --git a/act/11/11.md b/act/11/11.md index 568d4228e..ac813359a 100644 --- a/act/11/11.md +++ b/act/11/11.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * (Peter continues to speak.) * **Behold** - "immediately" or "at that exact moment" (UDB). This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. * **that I should make no distinction regarding them** - "that I should not make a distinction regarding them being Gentile or Jewish" -* **they had been sent ** - someone had sent them. (see [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* ** these six brothers** - "these six Jewish believers" -* ** bring back Simon, whose other name is Peter** - "bring back Simon called Peter" -* **you will be saved ** - "God will save you" (see [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **they had been sent ** - someone had sent them. (see [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **these six brothers** - "these six Jewish believers" +* **bring back Simon, whose other name is Peter** - "bring back Simon called Peter" +* **you will be saved ** - "God will save you". (see [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/11/15.md b/act/11/15.md index d715636e3..d097a639a 100644 --- a/act/11/15.md +++ b/act/11/15.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * (Peter continues to speak.) * **the Holy Spirit came on them, just as on us in the beginning** - "the Holy Spirit came on the Gentile believers, just as he came on the Jewish believers at Pentecost" -* **On us in the beginning** - “us” refers to Peter and those Jewish believers who were there in the beginning, but not everyone in the room was there in the beginning. If your language must decide, use the exclusive form. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **in the beginning** - in the beginning Peter is referring to the day of Pentecost. -* **you shall be baptized in the Holy Spirit** - "God will baptize you in the Holy Spirit" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **On us in the beginning** - “us” refers to Peter and those Jewish believers who were there in the beginning, but not everyone in the room was there in the beginning. If your language must decide, use the exclusive form. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **in the beginning** - Peter is referring to the day of Pentecost. +* **you shall be baptized in the Holy Spirit** - "God will baptize you in the Holy Spirit". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/11/17.md b/act/11/17.md index 6489fb6d4..686a256b6 100644 --- a/act/11/17.md +++ b/act/11/17.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * (Peter finishes his speech in v17) * **God gave to them** - "Them" from the context of the story are Cornelius and his Gentile contacts. However, Peter does not call them Gentiles in his account to the Jewish believers at Jerusalem. * **the same gift** - Peter is referring to the gift of the Holy Spirit. -* **who was I, that I could oppose God?** - I could not oppose God (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **when they heard these things ** - when they heard these things - "they", the circumcision group who were criticizing Peter. +* **who was I, that I could oppose God?** - I could not oppose God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **when they heard these things ** - "they", the circumcision group who were criticizing Peter * **given repentance for life ** - "given repentance leading to life" diff --git a/act/11/19.md b/act/11/19.md index 9e8626bae..65343d2f8 100644 --- a/act/11/19.md +++ b/act/11/19.md @@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:phonecia]] -* [[en:tw:preach]] * [[en:tw:stephen]] * [[en:tw:suffer]] * [[en:tw:turn]] @@ -21,4 +20,4 @@ * **Therefore the believers whom the suffering that began with Stephen's death scattered away from Jerusalem** - This is a summary from Acts 8 to introduce a new episode not related to the previous story of Peter. * **the believers whom the suffering that began with Stephen's death scattered away from Jerusalem** - "Many believers began suffering after the Jewish leaders killed Stephen. These believers left Jerusalem and went to other places…" * **only to Jews, to no one else** - They thought that God's message was only for the Jewish people, not the Gentiles (Greeks). -* ** the hand of the Lord** - This is an expression for "God was powerfully enabling". (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the hand of the Lord** - This is an expression for "God was powerfully enabling." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/11/22.md b/act/11/22.md index a4305f7e6..aacc3ac67 100644 --- a/act/11/22.md +++ b/act/11/22.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes * **News about them ** - "them" are the new believers at Antioch. -* **the ears of the church** - This is an expression for "the believers in Jerusalem heard about them". (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the ears of the church** - This is an expression for "the believers in Jerusalem heard about them." (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **they sent** - believers from the church in Jerusalem sent -* ** saw the gift of God** - "saw the grace of God" or "how God acted kindly toward the believers" (UDB) +* **saw the gift of God** - "saw the grace of God" or "how God acted kindly toward the believers" (UDB) * **He encouraged them** - "he kept on encouraging them." * **remain with the Lord** - "to remain faithful to the Lord" * **with all their heart** - "to be devoted to the Lord" or "to trust completely in the Lord" (UDB) * **full of the Holy Spirit ** - The Holy Spirit controlled Barnabas as he obeyed the Holy Spirit. -* **many people were added to the Lord.** - An expression for "many people believed in the Lord". (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **many people were added to the Lord.** - An expression for "many people believed in the Lord". (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/11/25.md b/act/11/25.md index 317706797..b65181e38 100644 --- a/act/11/25.md +++ b/act/11/25.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* ** out to Tarsus** - "out to the city of Tarsus" +* **out to Tarsus** - "out to the city of Tarsus" * **When he found him, he brought him** - "When Barnabas found Saul, Barnabas brought Saul" * **They gathered together with** - "Barnabas and Saul gathered together with" or "Barnabas and Saul met regularly with" -* **The disciples were called Christians ** - The disciples were called Christians - "The Antioch people called the disciples Christians" (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **The disciples were called Christians ** - "The people of Antioch called the disciples Christians." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/11/27.md b/act/11/27.md index 1d22f7ab2..30331dbc7 100644 --- a/act/11/27.md +++ b/act/11/27.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now in these days** - This introduces a new part of the story (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) -* **came down from Jerusalem to Antioch ** - there was an elevation change from Jerusalem to Antioch. There is also an idea of Jerusalem, especially the Temple, being at the height of importance. Regardless of elevation, people always go up to the Jerusalem and up to the Temple, and down when going away. +* **Now in these days** - This introduces a new part of the story. (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) +* **came down from Jerusalem to Antioch ** - There was an elevation change from Jerusalem to Antioch. There is also an idea of Jerusalem, especially the Temple, being at the height of importance. Regardless of elevation, people always go up to Jerusalem and up to the Temple, and down when going away. * **a great famine would occur** - "a great shortage of food would occur" -* **over all the world** - This probably refers to the entire Roman empire. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **over all the world** - This probably refers to the entire Roman empire. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/act/11/29.md b/act/11/29.md index 150488e48..02c5021d1 100644 --- a/act/11/29.md +++ b/act/11/29.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **as each one was able ** - as each one was able - The richer people sent more; the poorer people sent less. -* **They did this; they sent money** - They did this; they sent money "the believers in Antioch donated money and they sent the money..." -* **by the hand of Barnabas and Saul ** - by the hand of Barnabas and Saul - This is an expression for "Barnabas and Saul personally brought the money to the church elders in Jerusalem" (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **disciple** - Anyone who obeys and follows Jesus is a disciple of Jesus. +* **as each one was able** - The richer people sent more; the poorer people sent less. +* **They did this; they sent money** - "the believers in Antioch donated money and they sent the money…" +* **by the hand of Barnabas and Saul ** - This is an expression for "Barnabas and Saul personally brought the money to the church elders in Jerusalem." (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/12/01.md b/act/12/01.md index 0f7211683..90c75c600 100644 --- a/act/12/01.md +++ b/act/12/01.md @@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now ** - Now - this begins a new part of the story -* **about that time** - the time when the disciples in Antioch sent money to help the brothers in Judea. -* **laid hands on** - This is an expression for "sent soldiers to arrest" or "sent soldiers to seize and put in prison". (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **some of those from the assembly** - It is implied from context it was the leaders of the church. It can be translated as "the leaders of the congregation" or "the leaders of the group of believers". (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Now ** - this begins a new part of the story +* **about that time** - the time when the disciples in Antioch sent money to help the brothers in Judea +* **laid hands on** - This is an expression for "sent soldiers to arrest" or "sent soldiers to seize and put in prison." (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **some of those from the assembly** - It is implied from context it was the leaders of the church. It can be translated as "the leaders of the congregation" or "the leaders of the group of believers." (see [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **to mistreat them** - "to cause the believers to suffer" * **He killed** - "Herod the king killed" or "Herod the king gave orders to kill" * **He killed James…with the sword** - This was specifying the manner in which James was killed. diff --git a/act/12/05.md b/act/12/05.md index 2c2c97578..4be42ef2b 100644 --- a/act/12/05.md +++ b/act/12/05.md @@ -1,13 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:church]] +* [[en:tw:church|church, Church]] * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] +* [[en:tw:herodantipas|Herod Antipas]] * [[en:tw:pray]] +* [[en:tw:pray|pray, prayer]] * [[en:tw:prison]] +* [[en:tw:prison|prison, prisoner]] ## translationNotes -* **So Peter was kept in the prison ** - So Peter was kept in the prison - Implying that the soldiers were continually guarding Peter in prison. +* **So Peter was kept in the prison ** - Implying that the soldiers were continually guarding Peter in prison * **earnestly ** - "continuously with dedication" or "with commitment without stopping" * **by the assembly** - The Jerusalem believers were praying or the church in Jerusalem was praying. * **for him** - "for Peter" diff --git a/act/12/07.md b/act/12/07.md index 936817c83..197a8dc93 100644 --- a/act/12/07.md +++ b/act/12/07.md @@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ * **Behold** - The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. * **by him** - "next to Peter" or "beside Peter" -* **in the cell ** - in the cell - "in the prison room" +* **in the cell ** - "in the prison room" * **he struck Peter** - "the angel tapped Peter" or "the angel poked Peter" * **woke him** - "woke Peter" -* **his chains fell off from his hands** - The angel caused the chains to fall from Peter without touching them. can be translated as, "Peter's chains fell off from his hands" or "the chains fell away from Peter's hands". +* **his chains fell off from his hands** - The angel caused the chains to fall from Peter without touching them. can be translated as, "Peter's chains fell off from his hands" or "the chains fell away from Peter's hands." * **said to him** - "said to Peter" * **Peter did so** - "Peter did what the angel told him to do" or "Peter obeyed" * **the angel said to him** - "the angel said to Peter" -* **follow me** - follow me-The action described here means that Peter is to keep his attention focused on the angel as the angel and Peter walk. +* **follow me** - The action described here means that Peter is to keep his attention focused on the angel as the angel and Peter walk. diff --git a/act/12/09.md b/act/12/09.md index a42dc4fd6..ea547889d 100644 --- a/act/12/09.md +++ b/act/12/09.md @@ -5,14 +5,14 @@ ## translationNotes * **He did not know ** - "Peter did not know" or "Peter did not understand" -* **what was done by the angel was real- ** - what was done by the angel was real- "the actions of the angel were real" or "the actions of the angel were truly happening" -* **He thought he was seeing- ** - He thought he was seeing- "Peter thought he was seeing" +* **what was done by the angel was real- ** - **"the actions of the angel were real" or "the actions of the angel were truly happening" +* **He thought he was seeing- ** - **"Peter thought he was seeing" * **After they** - "After the angel and Peter" * **had passed by ** - "had walked by" * **the second ** - "the second guard" * **they came to** - "the angel and Peter arrived at" * **that led into the city** - "that opened to the city" -* **it opened for them by itself ** - it opened for them by itself - "the gate swung open for them" or "the gate opened itself for them" +* **it opened for them by itself ** - "the gate swung open for them" or "the gate opened itself for them" * **They went out** - "The angel and Peter walked through the gate" * **went down a street** - "walked along a street" * **left him right away ** - "left Peter suddenly" or "suddenly disappeared" diff --git a/act/12/11.md b/act/12/11.md index 78e13c2d7..583907432 100644 --- a/act/12/11.md +++ b/act/12/11.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **when Peter came to himself** - "When Peter became fully awake and alert" or "When Peter became aware that what had happened was real" -* **delivered me out of the hand of Herod** - "...the hand of Herod" is an expression for "rescued me from the harm Herod had planned for me". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **delivered me out of the hand of Herod** - "…the hand of Herod" is an expression for "rescued me from the harm Herod had planned for me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the expectation of the people of the Jews** - "what the Jewish leaders thought would happen to me" * **realized this** - "became aware of this truth" * **mother of John whose surname was Mark** - "…who was also called Mark" diff --git a/act/12/13.md b/act/12/13.md index 5b3c650c0..b9eea08e4 100644 --- a/act/12/13.md +++ b/act/12/13.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **you are insane** - The people not only did not believe her, but rebuked her by saying she was crazy. This can be translated as, "you are crazy." * **she insisted that it was so** - "Rhoda insisted that what she said was true" * **They said** - "The people inside the house answered" -* **It is his angel** - "What you have seen is Peter's angel." Some Jews believed in guardian angels and may have thought that Peter's angel had come to them. +* **It is his angel** - "What you have seen is Peter's angel". Some Jews believed in guardian angels and may have thought that Peter's angel had come to them. diff --git a/act/12/16.md b/act/12/16.md index dd237381d..7a5058f47 100644 --- a/act/12/16.md +++ b/act/12/16.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But Peter continued knocking** - But Peter continued knocking-The word here for continued means that Peter kept knocking the entire time those inside were talking. +* **But Peter continued knocking** - The word here for continued means that Peter kept knocking the entire time those inside were talking. * **when they had opened the door, they saw him and were amazed** - "after opening the door, the people inside the house saw Peter and they were amazed" * **motioned to them… and told them** - "motioned to the people inside the house…and told the people" * **report these things** - "tell these things" diff --git a/act/12/18.md b/act/12/18.md index 12f057291..1abfe36f1 100644 --- a/act/12/18.md +++ b/act/12/18.md @@ -8,11 +8,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now when it became day** - "Now" is specifying a break in the story has occurred and it is resuming at a later point in time. It can be translated as "Now when morning came". (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) -* **no small excitement** - This is a type of emphatic expression. It can be translated as "great excitement" or "a lot of excitement". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **no small excitement** - "Excitement" here refers negative not positive excitement such as distress, extreme anxiety, fear or confusion. +* **Now** - This word is used here to mark a break in the main storyline. Here it goes back to telling about Herod. (See: [[:en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) +* **when it became day** - AT: "when morning came" +* **no small excitement** - This is a type of emphatic expression. It can be translated as "great excitement" or "a lot of excitement." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **excitement** - This refers to negative excitement such as distress, extreme anxiety, fear, or confusion. * **regarding** - "concerning" or "about" -* **After Herod had searched for him and could not find him** - It can be stated as "After Herod searched for Peter and could not find Peter." +* **After Herod had searched for him and could not find him** - It can be stated as "After Herod searched for Peter and could not find him." * **After Herod had searched for him** - Possible meanings are 1) "when Herod heard Peter was missing, he went himself to search the prison" or 2) "when Herod heard Peter was missing, he sent other soldiers to search the prison." * **he questioned them and ordered them to be put to death** - "Herod questioned the guards and commanded soldiers to kill the guards" -* **Then he went down** - "Then Herod went down". When traveling from Jerusalem all locations are considered down since Jerusalem was located on a hill. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_deictics]]) +* **Then he went down** - "Then Herod went down". When traveling from Jerusalem all locations are considered down since Jerusalem was located on a hill. diff --git a/act/12/20.md b/act/12/20.md index 488ddd165..299687186 100644 --- a/act/12/20.md +++ b/act/12/20.md @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now** - "Now" marks a change in the story timeline. An alternate translation is "At that time." (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) -* **They went to him together ** - "Men representing the people of Tyre and Sidon went together to talk with Herod." +* **Now** - This word is used here to mark a break in the main storyline. The story goes on to tell about another event in Herd's life. (See: [[:en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) +* **They went to him together ** - "Men representing the people of Tyre and Sidon went together to talk with Herod" * **They persuaded** - "These men persuaded" -* **Blastus** - Blastus was an assistant or chamberlain to King Herod. He is mentioned by name only once, here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Blastus** - Blastus was an assistant or chamberlain to King Herod. He is mentioned by name only once, here. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **they asked for peace** - "these men requested peace" * **On a set day** - "On the day planned" for the meeting -* **he made a speech to them** - "Herod made a speech to the men" or "Herod spoke to the men". -* **sat on a throne** - This was where Herod formally addressed people who came to see him. "Herod sat on his throne." (UDB) +* **he made a speech to them** - "Herod made a speech to the men" or "Herod spoke to the men" +* **sat on a throne** - This was where Herod formally addressed people who came to see him. "Herod sat on his throne" (UDB). diff --git a/act/12/22.md b/act/12/22.md index aeb4e1b5a..25de4ebb4 100644 --- a/act/12/22.md +++ b/act/12/22.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **this is the voice of a god** - "His is the voice of a god" or "This man who is speaking is a god" (UDB) -* **Immediately-** - Immediately- while the people were praising Herod +* **Immediately-** - ** while the people were praising Herod * **struck him** - "afflicted Herod" or "caused Herod to become very ill" -* **he did not give God the glory** - Herod let those people worship him instead of redirecting their worship to God. "Herod did not give God the glory." -* **he was eaten by worms and died** - "worms ate Herod and Herod died." +* **he did not give God the glory** - Herod let those people worship him instead of redirecting their worship to God. "Herod did not give God the glory". +* **he was eaten by worms and died** - "worms ate Herod and Herod died". diff --git a/act/12/24.md b/act/12/24.md index 9289260ff..75cf3f4fd 100644 --- a/act/12/24.md +++ b/act/12/24.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the word of God grew and multiplied ** - this is an expression for "the salvation message of Jesus spread and the number of people who believed this message multiplied". It can also be translated as “the word of God spread and the number of believers multiplied”. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* ** completed their mission to Jerusalem** - Implying "having delivered the money to the church leaders in Jerusalem" (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* ** they returned** - "Barnabas and Saul returned to Antioch" (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **the word of God grew and multiplied ** - this is an expression for "the salvation message of Jesus spread and the number of people who believed this message multiplied." It can also be translated as “the word of God spread and the number of believers multiplied.” (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **completed their mission to Jerusalem** - Implying "having delivered the money to the church leaders in Jerusalem". (see [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **they returned** - "Barnabas and Saul returned to Antioch". (see [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **they took with them John ** - "Barnabas and Saul took John with them" * **whose surname was Mark** - "who was called Mark" diff --git a/act/13/01.md b/act/13/01.md index 3cfad6970..2d0268a35 100644 --- a/act/13/01.md +++ b/act/13/01.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now in the assembly in Antioch ** - "At that time in the church at Antioch" -* **Symeon (called Niger), Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen (the foster-brother of Herod the tetrarch)** - (See: How to translate names) -* **foster-brother of Herod ** - Manaen was probably Herod's playmate or close friend growing up. +* **Symeon (called Niger), Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen (the foster-brother of Herod the tetrarch)** - brother of Herod the tetrarch)** - (See: How to translate names) +* **foster-brother of Herod ** - brother of Herod ** - Manaen was probably Herod's playmate or close friend growing up. * **Set apart for me** - "Appoint to serve me" or "sanctify" -* **Have called them-** - Have called them- The verb here means that God chose them before now to do this work. +* **Have called them-** - ** The verb here means that God chose them before now to do this work. * **assembly** - "congregation" or "group of believers" * **laid their hands on these men** - "laid their hands on those set apart for God's service". There is no evidence of spiritual gifts being imparted through laying on of hands in this instance. But this was elders custom of affirming the Holy Spirit's calling on Barnabas and Saul. * **sent them off** - "sent those men off" or "sent those men off to do the work the Holy Spirit told them to do" diff --git a/act/13/04.md b/act/13/04.md index 582bfe181..6f31511bb 100644 --- a/act/13/04.md +++ b/act/13/04.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **they..they…they** - "Barnabas and Saul" -* **they went down ** - they went down - this was most likely an elevation change. +* **they went down ** - this was most likely an elevation change. * **Seleucia** - Seleucia was a city by the sea. * **city of Salamis** - The city of Salamis was on Cyprus Island. * **synagogues of the Jews** - Possible meanings are 1) "there were multiple Jewish synagogues in the city of Salamis that Barnabas and Saul preached at" or 2) "Barnabas and Saul started at the synagogue at Salamis and continued to preach in all the synagogues they found while they traveled around the Island of Cyprus." diff --git a/act/13/06.md b/act/13/06.md index a9c72f7d1..87c61ee68 100644 --- a/act/13/06.md +++ b/act/13/06.md @@ -10,15 +10,15 @@ ## translationNotes * **they had gone** - "they" refers to Barnabas, Saul, and John Mark -* **the whole island** - The crossed from one side of the island to the other. They may not have visited every single town. But they would have shared the gospel message in each town they visited. +* **the whole island** - They crossed from one side of the island to the other. They may not have visited every single town. But they would have shared the gospel message in each town they visited. * **Paphos** - a major city on Cyprus island where the proconsul lived * **they found** - The word found has the idea of coming across without looking for it, can be translated as "they met" (see UDB) or "they came upon." * **a certain magician** - "a certain person who practices witchcraft" or "a person who practices supernatural magic arts" -* **name was Bar-Jesus** - It means in Greek, "Son of Jesus". However, there is no relation between this man and Jesus Christ. Jesus was considered a common name at that time. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **name was Bar-Jesus** - Jesus** - It means in Greek, "Son of Jesus." However, there is no relation between this man and Jesus Christ. Jesus was considered a common name at that time. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **associated with ** - "was often with" or "was often in the company of" * **proconsul** - The governor in charge of the Roman province. This can be translated as "governor." * **This man ** - "Sergius Paulus" -* **Elymas "the magician"** - This was Bar-Jesus, the Magician. +* **Elymas "the magician"** - This was Bar-Jesus, the Magician. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **(that is how his name is translated)** - "that was what he was called in Greek" * **opposed them; he tried to turn** - "resisted them by trying to turn" or "set himself against them by trying to turn" * **he wanted** - "Sergius Paulus wanted" diff --git a/act/13/09.md b/act/13/09.md index b57ef17c8..7b21de16a 100644 --- a/act/13/09.md +++ b/act/13/09.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Saul, who is called Paul** - "who people called Paul" or "who called himself Paul (UDB)". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Saul, who is called Paul** - "who people called Paul" or "who called himself Paul (UDB)". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he gazed at him** - "Saul looked intently at Elymas the magician" -* **you son of the devil ** - "Son of" is an idiom to be like something. It can be translated as 1) "you child of the devil" or 2) "you are like the devil" or 3) "you act like the devil". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **you are full of all kinds of deceit and wickedness ** - you are full of all kinds of deceit and wickedness - "you are always intent in causing others to believe what is not true using falsehood and always doing what is wrong" +* **you son of the devil ** - "Son of" is an idiom to be like something. It can be translated as 1) "you child of the devil" or 2) "you are like the devil" or 3) "you act like the devil." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **you are full of all kinds of deceit and wickedness ** - "you are always intent in causing others to believe what is not true using falsehood and always doing what is wrong" * **wickedness** - In this context it means to be lazy and not diligent in following God's law. -* **You are an enemy of every kind of righteousness** - -* **You will never stop twisting the straight paths of the Lord, will you?** - Paul is rebuking the magician for following the devil. This can be stated as "You must stop saying that the truth about the Lord God is false". (UDB) (See Rhetorical Question) -* **the straight paths of the Lord** - This is an expression for "what is true about the Lord". Paul was rebuking the magician for calling what was true about the Lord lies. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **You are an enemy of every kind of righteousness** - Paul is grouping Elymas with the devil. Just as the devil is an enemy of God and is against righteousness, so was Elymas against God and his righteousness. +* **You will never stop twisting the straight paths of the Lord, will you?** - Paul is rebuking the magician for following the devil. This can be stated as "You must stop saying that the truth about the Lord God is false" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). +* **the straight paths of the Lord** - This is an expression for "what is true about the Lord." Paul was rebuking the magician for calling what was true about the Lord lies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/act/13/13.md b/act/13/13.md index a033175a2..be18bb756 100644 --- a/act/13/13.md +++ b/act/13/13.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now** - This begins a new part of the story. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]). +* **Now** - This begins a new part of the story. (See: [[:en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]). * **Paul and his friends set sail from Paphos ** - "Paul and those who are with him traveled by boat from Paphos." These friends were Barnabas and John Mark. * **But John left them ** - "But John Mark left Paul and Barnabas" * **came to Perga in Pamphilia ** - "arrived in Perga which is in Pamphilia" -* **After the reading of the law and the prophets** - This is an expression for, "After someone read from the books concerning the law and the books concerning the prophets". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **After the reading of the law and the prophets** - This is an expression for, "After someone read from the books concerning the law and the books concerning the prophets." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **sent them a message** - "told someone to talk to Paul and his companions" * **if you have any message of encouragement** - "if anyone among you has any words of encouragement" * **say it ** - "please speak it" or "please tell it to us" diff --git a/act/13/16.md b/act/13/16.md index 5b86d1655..bb957af6f 100644 --- a/act/13/16.md +++ b/act/13/16.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **motioned with his hands ** - The motion of his hands could refer to moving his hands as a signal that he was ready to speak. This can be translated as "moved his hands to show that he was about to speak." * **you who honor God ** - This refers to Gentiles who converted to believing and worshipping God. This can be translated as "you who are not from Israel but worship God." -* **listen ** - listen to me" or "listen to what I am about to say" +* **listen ** - "listen to me" or "listen to what I am about to say" * **the God of this people Israel** - "The God the people of Israel worship" * **chose our forefathers ** - The pronoun 'our' is exclusive, referring to Paul and his fellow Jews. This can be translated as "chose the Jewish people long ago." * **when they stayed** - "when the Israelites stayed" diff --git a/act/13/19.md b/act/13/19.md index 2c42b2851..c7463bbf5 100644 --- a/act/13/19.md +++ b/act/13/19.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **their land** - "the homeland of the people of Israel" * **took place over four hundred and fifty years ** - "occurred over 450 years" * **God gave them** - "God gave the people of Israel" -* **until Samuel the prophet ** - until Samuel the prophet - "until the time of Samuel the prophet" +* **until Samuel the prophet ** - "until the time of Samuel the prophet" diff --git a/act/13/21.md b/act/13/21.md index dd00f4cd7..a093240f8 100644 --- a/act/13/21.md +++ b/act/13/21.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **their king** - "king of Israel" or "king over the Israelites" * **It was about David that God said** - "God said this about David" * **I have found David the son of Jesse to be** - "I have observed that David, the son of Jesse, is" -* **a man after my heart** - a man after my heart This is an expression for "a man who desires what I desire" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **a man after my heart** - This is an expression for "a man who desires what I desire" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/act/13/26.md b/act/13/26.md index 2cdb6d689..9f0527601 100644 --- a/act/13/26.md +++ b/act/13/26.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **children of the line of Abraham** - "descendants of Abraham" (UDB) * **it is to us** - "us" is inclusive and refers to Paul and his entire audience in the synagogue. * **did not really know him** - "did not really know Jesus" -* **the message about this salvation has been sent** - "God has sent the message about this salvation" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). -* ** the voices of the prophets ** - This is an expression for "the writings or books of the prophets." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the message about this salvation has been sent** - "God has sent the message about this salvation". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). +* **the voices of the prophets ** - This is an expression for "the writings or books of the prophets." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **so they fulfilled the prophets' messages** - "So the leaders in Jerusalem actually did just what the prophets said they would do" -* **which are read** - "which someone reads" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). +* **which are read** - "which someone reads". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). diff --git a/act/13/28.md b/act/13/28.md index 9eb26e609..53eae5761 100644 --- a/act/13/28.md +++ b/act/13/28.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **him** - Multiple "him" refers to Jesus * **they found no good cause for death** - The Jewish leaders just wanted to kill Jesus for no good reason. This can be translated as, "the Jewish leaders found no good reason for Jesus to die." * **they asked Pilate** - The word "asked" here is a strong word meaning to demand, beg or plead for. -* **When they had completed all the things that were written about him** - When they had completed all the things that were written about him "When the Jewish leaders did all the things to Jesus that were written in the books of the prophets including Jesus dying" +* **When they had completed all the things that were written about him** - "When the Jewish leaders did all the things to Jesus that were written in the books of the prophets including Jesus dying" * ** they took him down from the tree** - "Some of the leaders took Jesus down from the cross after Jesus died" diff --git a/act/13/32.md b/act/13/32.md index 22d683334..399e2dce4 100644 --- a/act/13/32.md +++ b/act/13/32.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **to us, their children** - "to us, who are the children of our forefathers," * **in that he raised up Jesus from the dead ** - "by raising Jesus from among the dead" * **This is also what was written ** - "This truth is also written" -* **about the fact that he raised him up from the dead so that his body will not decay, he has spoken like this ** - about the fact that he raised him up from the dead so that his body will not decay, he has spoken like this - God spoke these words about raising Jesus from death so that Jesus' body would not decay" +* **about the fact that he raised him up from the dead so that his body will not decay, he has spoken like this ** - God spoke these words about raising Jesus from death so that Jesus' body would not decay" * **the holy and sure blessings** - "the holy and certain blessings" diff --git a/act/13/35.md b/act/13/35.md index 7c6057bef..aed859eeb 100644 --- a/act/13/35.md +++ b/act/13/35.md @@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul continues to speak.) -* **he also says ** - he also says - "David also says" +* **he also says ** - "David also says" * **You** - David is speaking to God -* **experience decay** - "for his body to rot. +* **experience decay** - "for his body to rot" * **in his own generation** - "during his lifetime" * **served the desires of God** - "served God" or "sought to please God" -* **he fell asleep ** - he fell asleep - "he died" -* **was laid with his fathers - ** - "was buried with his ancestors who had died" +* **he fell asleep ** - "he died" +* **was laid with his fathers - ** - **"was buried with his ancestors who had died" * **but he whom** - "But Jesus whom" * **experienced no decay.** - "his body did not rot" diff --git a/act/13/40.md b/act/13/40.md index 347b82f8d..d3b31cd05 100644 --- a/act/13/40.md +++ b/act/13/40.md @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul continues to speak.) -* **that the thing the prophets spoke about** - "so that what the prophets spoke about." -* ** happen to you** - "You" refers to the synagogue audience. +* **that the thing the prophets spoke about** - "so that what the prophets spoke about" +* **happen to you** - "You" refers to the synagogue audience. * **'Look, you despisers** - "be alert you who feel contempt" or "be alert you who ridicule me" -* **and then perish** - "and then die". +* **and then perish** - "and then die" * **For I am** - "I" refers to God. * **am doing a work** - "am doing something" or "am doing a deed" * **in your days** - "during your lifetime" diff --git a/act/13/44.md b/act/13/44.md index 89a0a9b23..6b5c55d9c 100644 --- a/act/13/44.md +++ b/act/13/44.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **almost the whole city ** - This is metonymy for "almost all of the people in the city." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **almost the whole city** - This is an example of a hyperbole explained. "the whole city" being the hyperbole and "almost" clarifying what was meant by the hyperbole. -* **the Jews** - This is metonymy for "the Jewish leaders." +* **almost the whole city** - This is an example of a hyperbole explained. "the whole city" being the hyperbole and "almost" clarifying what was meant by the hyperbole. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]].) +* **the Jews** - This is metonymy for "the Jewish leaders." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **they were filled with jealousy** - "the Jewish leaders were filled with jealousy" or "the Jewish leaders became very jealous" * **insulted him** - "insulted Paul" diff --git a/act/13/46.md b/act/13/46.md index 076a5e582..cc43fef86 100644 --- a/act/13/46.md +++ b/act/13/46.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **that the word of God should first be spoken to you** - "that we speak the word of God to you first" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **that the word of God should first be spoken to you** - "that we speak the word of God to you first". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **first be spoken to you** - "first be spoken to you Jews" * **Seeing you push it away from yourselves** - "Seeing you Jews reject the word of God" * **consider yourselves unworthy of eternal life** - The Jewish people rejected Paul's message of eternal life through Jesus Christ. -* **we will turn** - we will turn "we" refers to Paul & Barnabas but not the crowd that was present. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **we will turn** - "we" refers to Paul & Barnabas but not the crowd that was present. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **I have placed you as a light** - This quote was taken from the Old Testament where "I" was God and "you" was originally referring to the Messiah Jesus Christ. Paul expressed how this quote also applies to himself and Barnabas in that they are to share the word of God to the Gentiles as well. diff --git a/act/13/50.md b/act/13/50.md index bdbb800dd..34a490aca 100644 --- a/act/13/50.md +++ b/act/13/50.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **urged on** - "persuaded" or "convinced" or a metaphorical language like "stirred up or "fanned the flame so that" * **These stirred up a persecution** - "These important women and men incited persecution" * **threw them out beyond the border of their city** - "removed Paul and Barnabas from their city" or "expelled Paul and Barnabas from their region" -* **shook off the dust from their feet against them** - Symbolic act to indicate to the unbelieving people there that God had rejected them and would punish them. +* **shook off the dust from their feet against them** - Symbolic act to indicate to the unbelieving people there that God had rejected them and would punish them * **they went** - "Paul and Barnabas went" diff --git a/act/14/03.md b/act/14/03.md index 517327c6f..440eb7ebe 100644 --- a/act/14/03.md +++ b/act/14/03.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **So they stayed there ** - Paul & Barnabas stayed at Iconium for the many believers. "So" can be omitted if it adds confusion to the text. +* **So they stayed there** - Paul & Barnabas stayed at Iconium for the many believers. "So" can be omitted if it adds confusion to the text. * **he gave evidence** - "the Lord gave evidence" * **about his grace** - "about the Lord's grace" * **evidence about the message ** - "evidence that the message was true" * **by the hands of Paul and Barnabas** - This is an expression referring to the people Paul and Barnabas. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **granting signs and wonders** - Jesus enabled Paul and Barnabas to perform signs and wonders. can be translated as "enabled them to do many miracles" (UDB). +* **granting signs and wonders** - Jesus enabled Paul and Barnabas to perform signs and wonders. AT: "enabled them to do many miracles" (UDB). * **sided with** - "supported" or "favored" * **with the apostles** - In this instance Luke is referring to Paul and Barnabas as apostles, placing them on the same level as the twelve apostles. diff --git a/act/14/05.md b/act/14/05.md index e16579e83..3f777b349 100644 --- a/act/14/05.md +++ b/act/14/05.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * **persuade their leaders** - "convince the leaders of Iconium" * **they became aware of it** - "Paul and Barnabas became aware of the plan to harm them" -* **Lycaonia** - A district in Asia Minor. -* **Lystra** - A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and north of Derbe. -* **Derbe** - A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and Lystra. +* **Lycaonia** - A district in Asia Minor +* **Lystra** - A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and north of Derbe +* **Derbe** - A city in Asia Minor south of Iconium and Lystra * **and there they were preaching the gospel** - "and there also Paul and Barnabas were preaching the gospel" diff --git a/act/14/08.md b/act/14/08.md index 203ec62d7..95b1a53b5 100644 --- a/act/14/08.md +++ b/act/14/08.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **he said to him** - "Paul said to the crippled man" -* **a cripple from his mother’s womb, who never had walked ** - "who was a cripple from birth, was unable to walk." +* **a cripple from his mother’s womb, who never had walked ** - "who was a cripple from birth, was unable to walk". * **Paul fixed his eyes on him** - "Paul looked straight at him" * **saw that he** - "saw that the crippled man" * **to be made well** - "to be healed" diff --git a/act/14/11.md b/act/14/11.md index e937a701f..12bc979a7 100644 --- a/act/14/11.md +++ b/act/14/11.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **raised their voice** - "shouted excitedly" (UDB) -* **The gods have come down to us ** - A large number of people believed Paul and Barnabas where their Pagan gods who came down from the sky or heaven. This can be translated as "The gods have come down from the sky to us". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* ** in the form of men** - These people believed that the gods may not be fully human in appearance. -* ** because he was** - "because Paul was" +* **The gods have come down to us ** - A large number of people believed Paul and Barnabas were their Pagan gods who came down from the sky or heaven. This can be translated as "The gods have come down from the sky to us." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **in the form of men** - These people believed that the gods may not be fully human in appearance. +* **because he was** - "because Paul was" * **oxen and wreaths** - the animals were to be sacrificed and the wreaths were either to crown Paul and Barnabas or put on the animals for sacrifice. -* ** he and the multitudes** - "the priest and the crowds" (UDB) +* **he and the multitudes** - "the priest and the crowds" (UDB) diff --git a/act/14/14.md b/act/14/14.md index 5cfb8effb..1d89b4e6f 100644 --- a/act/14/14.md +++ b/act/14/14.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * **the apostles** - Luke is calling Paul and Barnabas "apostles" equating them with the original twelve apostles. (See: Verse [[:en:bible:notes:act:14:03]]) * **Men, why are you doing these things?** - Paul and Barnabas are rebuking the people for trying to sacrifice to them. This can be stated as, "Men, you must not do these things!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **with the same feelings as you - ** - This could be translated as "like you in every way." +* **with the same feelings as you - ** - ** This could be translated as "like you in every way." * **turn from these useless things** - "stop worshipping these worthless idols" or "stop worshipping these false gods" * **a living God** - "instead, worship the living God" * **to walk in** - "to live according to" diff --git a/act/14/17.md b/act/14/17.md index 768b320e5..5a4230c0f 100644 --- a/act/14/17.md +++ b/act/14/17.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * (Paul and Barnabas continue their exhortation.) * **he did not leave himself** - "God did not leave himself" * **in that** - This could be translated as "as evidenced by the fact that." -* **gave you...filling your hearts** - Paul is referring to his whole audience in "you". +* **gave you…filling your hearts** - Paul is referring to his whole audience in "you." * **filling your hearts with food and gladness** - "giving you enough to eat and things to be happy about" -* **Paul and Barnabas barely kept the multitudes from sacrificing to them** - The multitudes almost sacrificed bulls to Paul and Barnabas. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Paul and Barnabas barely kept the multitudes from sacrificing to them** - The multitudes almost sacrificed bulls to Paul and Barnabas. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/act/14/23.md b/act/14/23.md index 9b14ffe27..990472ca4 100644 --- a/act/14/23.md +++ b/act/14/23.md @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When they had appointed for them** - "When Paul and Barnabas had appointed leaders for the new groups of believers."​ +* **When they had appointed for them** - "When Paul and Barnabas had appointed leaders for the new groups of believers"​ * **they entrusted them ** - "Paul and Barnabas entrusted the elders they appointed" -* **in whom they had believed** - "in whom the new believers had believed." -* **Then they passed...When they had spoken...they went down...from there they sailed...where they had been...which they had now completed** - "they" refers to Paul and Barnabas +* **in whom they had believed** - "in whom the new believers had believed" +* **Then they passed…When they had spoken…they went down…from there they sailed…where they had been…which they had now completed** - "they" refers to Paul and Barnabas * **where they had been committed to the grace of God** - "Where the people of Antioch prayed that God would care for and protect Paul and Barnabas" diff --git a/act/15/01.md b/act/15/01.md index f9449c0fd..075e216d3 100644 --- a/act/15/01.md +++ b/act/15/01.md @@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **Certain men** - "some men" -* **came down from Judea** - "came down from" is less of a literal expression of elevation (Judea being higher in elevation than Antioch), than that of the Jewish world view. The Jews viewed travel to Jerusalem and the temple, as going “up”, and travel away from Jerusalem and the temple as going “down”. +* **came down from Judea** - "came down from" is less of a literal expression of elevation (Judea being higher in elevation than Antioch), than that of the Jewish world view. The Jews viewed travel to Jerusalem and the temple, as going “up”, and travel away from Jerusalem and the temple as going “down.” * **taught the brothers** - "continued to teach the believers at Antioch" or "were teaching the believers at Antioch" * **after the custom** - "according to the custom" or "following the teaching" * **with them ** - "with the men from Judea" -* **go up to Jerusalem** - (see note above on "came down...") +* **go up to Jerusalem** - (see note above on "came down…") * **this question** - "this issue" diff --git a/act/15/03.md b/act/15/03.md index b565d0b22..44d1be536 100644 --- a/act/15/03.md +++ b/act/15/03.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **They therefore, being sent by the church, passed ** - This is a passive sentence which can be translated as, "Therefore the church send Paul, Barnabas, and some other believers from Antioch to Jerusalem. They passed... ." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **They therefore, being sent by the church, passed ** - This is a passive sentence which can be translated as, "Therefore the church sent Paul, Barnabas, and some other believers from Antioch to Jerusalem. They passed... ." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **passed through…announced** - The words used for "passed through" and "announced" indicate they spent some time in different places sharing in detail what God was doing.​ * **the conversion of the Gentiles** - Many Gentiles changed their belief from the Greek & Roman gods to believing in Jesus. * **they were welcomed by the church and...** - This is a passive construction that can be translated as "The church members welcomed them including..." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/15/05.md b/act/15/05.md index 94a95bc27..5e7b140e8 100644 --- a/act/15/05.md +++ b/act/15/05.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **But** - Luke contrasts those who believe "salvation is only in Jesus" to some men from the Pharisees who believed in Jesus yet believe "circumcision is required for salvation." * **to circumcise them and to command them** - "them" refers to non-Jewish believers who were not previously circumcised. * **to keep the law** - "to obey the law" or "to follow the law" -* **to consider this matter** - "to discuss the difference in beliefs." That is, to debate the different salvation messages between Paul's gospel (salvation in Jesus) and the Pharisee's gospel (salvation in circumcision and law). +* **to consider this matter** - "to discuss the difference in beliefs". That is, to debate the different salvation messages between Paul's gospel (salvation in Jesus) and the Pharisee's gospel (salvation in circumcision and law). diff --git a/act/15/10.md b/act/15/10.md index 3244ee076..0f3572198 100644 --- a/act/15/10.md +++ b/act/15/10.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * (Peter continues to speak.) -* **why do you test God, that you should put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?** - This is a rhetorical question where Peter is saying to the Jewish believers that they should not require the non-Jewish believers to follow the law of Moses and specifically circumcision. This could also be translated as "Do not test God by putting a burden on the non-Jewish believers which we Jews were not able to bear!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). -* **neither our fathers nor we** - Peter is including his audience in the use of "our" and "we". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **But we believe that we shall be saved** - Peter is including his Jewish audience with himself. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **why do you test God, that you should put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?** - This is a rhetorical question where Peter is saying to the Jewish believers that they should not require the non-Jewish believers to follow the law of Moses and specifically circumcision. This could also be translated as "Do not test God by putting a burden on the non-Jewish believers which we Jews were not able to bear!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). +* **neither our fathers nor we** - Peter is including his audience in the use of "our" and "we." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **But we believe that we shall be saved** - Peter is including his Jewish audience with himself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **just as they were** - "just as the non-Jewish believers were" diff --git a/act/15/12.md b/act/15/12.md index 188676521..59818f691 100644 --- a/act/15/12.md +++ b/act/15/12.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **All the multitude** - the apostles, elders, and other unidentified believers present. -* ** God had worked** - "God did" +* **All the multitude** - the apostles, elders, and other unidentified believers present +* **God had worked** - "God did" * **through them** - "them" refers to Paul and Barnabas diff --git a/act/15/13.md b/act/15/13.md index 8adff80e1..aec8dfcdb 100644 --- a/act/15/13.md +++ b/act/15/13.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **after they stopped speaking** - "After Barnabas and Paul finished speaking" -* **a people - ** - "a group of people" +* **a people - ** - **"a group of people" * **take from them** - "choose from among them" * **for his name** - This is an expression for himself. This can be translated as "for himself." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/act/15/19.md b/act/15/19.md index 82e8d3313..d883a6f44 100644 --- a/act/15/19.md +++ b/act/15/19.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes * (James continues to speak.) -* **we should not trouble those of the Gentiles** - "we should not require the gentiles to become circumcised and obey the laws of Moses" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **that we should not trouble** - James is including the apostles, the elders and the circumcised group in "we". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **idols…fornication…strangled…blood** - fornication, strangling animals, and drinking blood were often part of ceremonies to worship idols and false gods. -* **For Moses from generation** - "for Moses" is an expression for referring to the Laws God gave Moses. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **we should not trouble those of the Gentiles** - "we should not require the gentiles to become circumcised and obey the laws of Moses". (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **that we should not trouble** - James is including the apostles, the elders and the circumcised group in "we." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **idols…sexual immorality…strangled…blood** - sexual immorality, strangling animals, and drinking blood were often part of ceremonies to worship idols and false gods. +* **For Moses from generation** - "for Moses" is an expression for referring to the Laws God gave Moses. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **preaching and reading him** - "preaching and reading the laws of Moses" diff --git a/act/15/22.md b/act/15/22.md index 7646e6615..a7f929a6c 100644 --- a/act/15/22.md +++ b/act/15/22.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the whole church** - This is an expression for the church members in Jerusalem were in agreement with the apostles and elders. This can be translated as, "the whole Jerusalem church." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **Judas Barsabbas** - a leader in the Jerusalem church. -* **Silas** - a leader in the Jerusalem church. +* **the whole church** - This is an expression for the church members in Jerusalem were in agreement with the apostles and elders. This can be translated as, "the whole Jerusalem church." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **Judas Barsabbas** - a leader in the Jerusalem church +* **Silas** - a leader in the Jerusalem church * **send them** - "send Judas and Silas" * **They wrote this** - "The apostles, other elders and the believers in Jerusalem wrote these words" -* **Cilicia** - A province on the coast in Asia Minor north of the Island of Cyprus. +* **Cilicia** - A province on the coast in Asia Minor north of the Island of Cyprus diff --git a/act/15/27.md b/act/15/27.md index f8f982f19..64838648d 100644 --- a/act/15/27.md +++ b/act/15/27.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * (The letter from the Jerusalem church to the Gentile believers in Antioch continues.) * **We have sent therefore Judas and Silas** - "Therefore we have sent Judas and Silas" or "Because of this we have sent Judas and Silas" * **who will also tell you the same things** - "who themselves will say in person the same things we wrote about" -* **blood** - Refers to drinking or eating the blood of animals. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **blood** - Refers to drinking or eating the blood of animals. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **things strangled** - The animal was killed but the blood was not drained. -* **Farewell** - a final greeting or leave taking that is used at the end of letters. It can be translated as "Goodbye". +* **Farewell** - a final greeting or leave taking that is used at the end of letters. It can be translated as "Goodbye." diff --git a/act/15/30.md b/act/15/30.md index 6704a3a9a..a30278cbf 100644 --- a/act/15/30.md +++ b/act/15/30.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **so they, when they...after they...they delivered** - "they" refers to Judas, Silas, Paul and Barnabas +* **so they, when they…after they…they delivered** - "they" refers to Judas, Silas, Paul and Barnabas * **were dismissed** - " were given permission to leave" or "were sent away" * **down to Antioch** - an elevation change. Also, away from Jerusalem, regardless of elevation in the final destination, was "down" * **they had read it, they rejoiced ** - "they" refers here to the Gentile believers in Antioch. * **encouraged the brothers** - "encouraged the believers at Antioch" -* **also prophets** - being a prophet carried authority from God in a special way. This may be translated as "because they were prophets" or "being prophets (UDB)" +* **also prophets** - being a prophet carried authority from God in a special way. This may be translated as "because they were prophets" or "being prophets" UDB. diff --git a/act/15/33.md b/act/15/33.md index 12c4250e0..28ae50c7a 100644 --- a/act/15/33.md +++ b/act/15/33.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **After they…they were sent** - "they" refers to Judas and Silas. * **some time** - "for a period of time" or "for several weeks" * **they were sent away in peace from the brothers** - "the believers said farewell as they left" -* **in peace from the brothers** - in peace from the brothers as friends from the Antioch church +* **in peace from the brothers** - as friends from the Antioch church * **to those who had sent them** - "to the Jerusalem Church that sent Judas and Silas" * **But Paul and Barnabas stayed** - "While Paul and Barnabas remained" * **Some ancient authorities** - This has to do with variations in different ancient manuscripts. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) diff --git a/act/15/36.md b/act/15/36.md index 4c6487059..7323b59d8 100644 --- a/act/15/36.md +++ b/act/15/36.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ * **Let us** - "I suggest we" * **visit the brothers** - "visit" means to "care for" or "see how one can help." -* **see how they are** - "learn about the current condition of the brothers and how they are holding on to the truth given to them." +* **see how they are** - "learn about the current condition of the brothers and how they are holding on to the truth given to them" * **take with them John who was called Mark** - "take John, who was also called Mark, along with Paul and himself (Barnabas)" diff --git a/act/15/39.md b/act/15/39.md index a1dce182d..a99b443f2 100644 --- a/act/15/39.md +++ b/act/15/39.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **that they separated ** - "that Barnabas and Paul separated" * **and sailed away** - "and they sailed away" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) * **by the brothers** - "by the believers at Antioch" -* **went through Syria and Cilicia** - went through Syria and Cilicia These are provinces in Asia Minor, north of the island of Cyprus. +* **went through Syria and Cilicia** - These are provinces in Asia Minor, north of the island of Cyprus. * **strengthening the churches** - "making the churches spiritually strong" diff --git a/act/16/01.md b/act/16/01.md index d3fc3aaee..9f0c6df42 100644 --- a/act/16/01.md +++ b/act/16/01.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **behold** - The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses “There was a man who was…” * **the son of a Jewish woman who believed** - "the son of a Jewish woman who believed in Christ" * **He was well spoken of** - "Timothy had a good reputation" or "the believers said good things about him" -* **Paul wanted him to travel with him; so he took him** - "Paul wanted Timothy to travel with him (Paul); so Paul took Timothy." All other third person pronouns (he, him, his) throughout these verses refer to Timothy. +* **Paul wanted him to travel with him; so he took him** - "Paul wanted Timothy to travel with him (Paul); so Paul took Timothy". All other third person pronouns (he, him, his) throughout these verses refer to Timothy. * **his father was a Greek ** - As a Greek, Timothy's father would not have personally circumcised Timothy; so Paul circumcised him. Circumcision was often performed by a Jewish Rabbi, such as Paul. diff --git a/act/16/04.md b/act/16/04.md index 82e9ff0ee..918f43748 100644 --- a/act/16/04.md +++ b/act/16/04.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **they went** - This pronoun refers to Paul, Silas, and Timothy. -* **for them to obey** - "for the church members to obey" or "for the believers to obey." -* **that had been written by the apostles and elders in Jerusalem** - "that the apostles and elders in Jerusalem had written." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the churches were strengthened** - "Paul, Silas, and Timothy strengthened the churches." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **for them to obey** - "for the church members to obey" or "for the believers to obey" +* **that had been written by the apostles and elders in Jerusalem** - "that the apostles and elders in Jerusalem had written". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the churches were strengthened** - "Paul, Silas, and Timothy strengthened the churches". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/16/06.md b/act/16/06.md index da60e0bd1..2c6a4910c 100644 --- a/act/16/06.md +++ b/act/16/06.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Phrygia and Galatia** - These are provinces in Asia. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Mysia... Bithynia** - These are two more provinces in Asia. -* **they had been forbidden by the Holy Spirit** - "the Holy Spirit had forbidden them" or "the Holy Spirit did not permit them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Phrygia and Galatia** - These are provinces in Asia. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Mysia… Bithynia** - These are two more provinces in Asia. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **they had been forbidden by the Holy Spirit** - "the Holy Spirit had forbidden them" or "the Holy Spirit did not permit them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the Spirit of Jesus** - "the Holy Spirit" diff --git a/act/16/09.md b/act/16/09.md index 1f6cc5ff4..6e29f5d7d 100644 --- a/act/16/09.md +++ b/act/16/09.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **A vision appeared to Paul** - Paul had a vision was different than that of a dream. -* **calling him** - "imploring Paul" or "pleading with Paul". -* **help us** - "us" is exclusive. the man was excluding Paul in who needed help. "Help me and the other people of Macedonia."(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **we set out** - The pronoun "we" refers to Paul and his companions. Luke, the author of Acts, was one of Paul's companions at this time. This is an inclusive pronoun because it refers to the writer and to everyone present. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **God had called us** - The pronoun "us" refers to Paul and his companions. Luke, the author of Acts, was one of Paul's companions at this time. This is an inclusive pronoun because the writer was including all his companions. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **calling him** - "begging Paul" or "pleading with Paul" +* **help us** - "us" is exclusive. the man was excluding Paul in who needed help. "Help me and the other people of Macedonia".(See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **we set out** - The pronoun "we" refers to Paul and his companions. Luke, the author of Acts, was one of Paul's companions at this time. This is an inclusive pronoun because it refers to the writer and to everyone present. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **God had called us** - The pronoun "us" refers to Paul and his companions. Luke, the author of Acts, was one of Paul's companions at this time. This is an inclusive pronoun because the writer was including all his companions. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **preach the gospel to them** - "preach the gospel to the people of Macedonia". diff --git a/act/16/11.md b/act/16/11.md index df1c8fd83..fa960cf31 100644 --- a/act/16/11.md +++ b/act/16/11.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we made** - The word "we" throughout these verses refers to Paul and his companions. Luke, the author of Acts, was one of Paul's companions at this time. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* ** Samothrace...Neapolis** - Costal cities near Phillipi. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **a Roman colony** - A place that Rome conquered and occupied at that time, particularly with soldiers. +* **we made** - The word "we" throughout these verses refers to Paul and his companions. Luke, the author of Acts, was one of Paul's companions at this time. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **Samothrace…Neapolis** - Costal cities near Phillipi. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **a Roman colony** - A place that Rome conquered and occupied at that time, particularly with soldiers diff --git a/act/16/14.md b/act/16/14.md index b57791729..1b903c4fd 100644 --- a/act/16/14.md +++ b/act/16/14.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **a seller of purple** - "a merchant who sold purple cloth" * **worshipped God** - A worshipper of God is a Gentile who gives praise to God and follows him, but does not obey all of the Jewish laws. * **listened to us** - "she listened to us" -* **the things which were spoken by Paul** - "the things which Paul spoke" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **When she was baptized, and her household** - "When they baptized Lydia and members of her household" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the things which were spoken by Paul** - "the things which Paul spoke". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **When she was baptized, and her household** - "When they baptized Lydia and members of her household". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/16/19.md b/act/16/19.md index 4b5af8d8c..e471f75c0 100644 --- a/act/16/19.md +++ b/act/16/19.md @@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **her masters** - the owners of the slave girl. -* **the hope of their gain** - refers to the ability the girl had of divination and for people to pay for her prophecies. -* **dragged them** - "dragged Paul and Silas" but not the rest of the team of Luke and Timothy. +* **her masters** - the owners of the slave girl +* **the hope of their gain** - This refers to the ability the girl had of divination and for people to pay for her prophecies. +* **dragged them** - "dragged Paul and Silas" but not the rest of the team of Luke and Timothy * **before the authorities** - "into the presence of the authorities" or "to be judged by the authorities" -* **When they had brought them to the magistrates, they said** - "When the masters had brought Paul and Silas to the magistrates, the masters said". +* **When they had brought them to the magistrates, they said** - "When the masters had brought Paul and Silas to the judges, the masters said" * **they are teaching** - "Paul and Silas are teaching" * **not lawful for us** - The masters were including the authorities in their claim since they were also Romans. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/act/16/22.md b/act/16/22.md index e68791fc1..c0f479ad8 100644 --- a/act/16/22.md +++ b/act/16/22.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **magistrates tore their garments off them** - magistrates tore Paul and Silas' garments off them. -* **commanded them to be beaten with rods** - commanded them to be beaten with rods "Commanded the soldiers to beat Paul and Silas with rods." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **magistrates tore their garments off them** - magistrates tore Paul and Silas' garments off them +* **commanded them to be beaten with rods** - "Commanded the soldiers to beat Paul and Silas with rods". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **they threw them ** - "The magistrates put Paul and Silas" or "the magistrates commanded soldiers to put Paul and Silas". -* **commanded the jailer to keep them securely** - "told the jailer to make sure they did not get out." A jailer is the person responsible for all the people held in the jail or prison. +* **commanded the jailer to keep them securely** - "told the jailer to make sure they did not get out". A jailer is the person responsible for all the people held in the jail or prison. * **fastened** - securely locked in place -* **stocks** - a piece of wood with holes for one's feet to be put in to prevent him/her from moving (See UDB) +* **stocks** - a piece of wood with holes for one's feet to be put in to prevent him/her from moving (See UDB). diff --git a/act/16/25.md b/act/16/25.md index 4ee990038..dcf0ad5a1 100644 --- a/act/16/25.md +++ b/act/16/25.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **listening to them ** - The pronoun "them" refers to Paul and Silas, who were praying and singing hymns to God. * **so that the foundations of the prison were shaken** - “which shook the foundations of the prison" -* **everyone's chains were unfastened** - "everyone's chains came loose.” +* **everyone's chains were unfastened** - "everyone's chains came loose” diff --git a/act/16/27.md b/act/16/27.md index 91d867167..61a91d213 100644 --- a/act/16/27.md +++ b/act/16/27.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **he, himself, he** - These pronouns refer to the jailer throughout these verses. -* **was about to kill himself** - "was ready to kill himself." The jailer preferred to commit suicide rather than suffer the consequences of letting the prisoners escape. -* **we are all here** - The word "we" is inclusive and refers to Paul, Silas and all of the other prisoners. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **was about to kill himself** - "was ready to kill himself". The jailer preferred to commit suicide rather than suffer the consequences of letting the prisoners escape. +* **we are all here** - The word "we" is inclusive and refers to Paul, Silas and all of the other prisoners. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/act/16/29.md b/act/16/29.md index 2dd90f0f1..b7f1c5482 100644 --- a/act/16/29.md +++ b/act/16/29.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **rushed in** - "quickly entered the jail." +* **rushed in** - "quickly entered the jail" * **fell down before Paul and Silas** - The jailer humbled himself by bowing down at the feet of Paul and Silas. -* **brought them out** - led them outside the jail. +* **brought them out** - led them outside the jail diff --git a/act/16/32.md b/act/16/32.md index 981c39037..60b2d672a 100644 --- a/act/16/32.md +++ b/act/16/32.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * Paul and Silas continue their involvement with the Jailer and his household. * **in his house** - "in his home". The Jailer brought Paul and Silas to his home. -* **he and all his household were baptized** - This sentence can be turned from the passive to the active form: "Paul and Silas baptized the jailer and all members of his household." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **he and all his household were baptized** - This sentence can be turned from the passive to the active form: "Paul and Silas baptized the jailer and all members of his household." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he, his** - These pronouns refer to the jailer. -* **because they had all believed** - "because all members of his household had believed." +* **because they had all believed** - "because all members of his household had believed" diff --git a/act/16/35.md b/act/16/35.md index 5427aa2e7..1a6dc5e53 100644 --- a/act/16/35.md +++ b/act/16/35.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now when it was day** - "the next morning" (UDB). This is the start of a new episode. -* **sent word** - "sent a message" or "sent a command." +* **sent word** - "sent a message" or "sent a command" * **Let those men go** - "Release those men" or "Allow those men to leave" * **Come out** - "Come outside of the jail" diff --git a/act/16/37.md b/act/16/37.md index 3c53f1129..60cb543e0 100644 --- a/act/16/37.md +++ b/act/16/37.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ * **said to them** - "said to the guards" * **They have publicly** - "The magistrates have publicly" -* **beaten us, men who** - the word "us" is only included Paul and silas. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **No indeed** - "Definitely not!" Paul is responding here to the magistrates or city leaders, even though he is speaking to the jailor. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Romans** - This refers to people from all over the Empire, who had legal citizenship. Among their rights were freedom from torture and the right to have a trial. The city leaders were afraid of what would happen if the Empire learned the city leaders had mistreated Paul and Silas. -* **Let them come** - "The city rulers should come." -* **The magistrates came and begged them** - The Magistrates came and begged Paul and Silas. -* **when they had brought them** - When the Magistrates had brought Paul and Silas. +* **beaten us, men who** - the word "us" only includes Paul and silas. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **No indeed** - "Definitely not!" Paul is responding here to the magistrates or city leaders, even though he is speaking to the jailor. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Romans** - This refers to people from all over the Empire, who had legal citizenship. Among their rights were freedom from torture and the right to have a trial. The city leaders were afraid of what would happen if the Empire learned the city leaders had mistreated Paul and Silas. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Let them come** - "The city rulers should come" +* **The magistrates came and begged them** - The Magistrates came and begged Paul and Silas +* **when they had brought them** - When the Magistrates had brought Paul and Silas diff --git a/act/16/40.md b/act/16/40.md index 02c63113b..6b0b75d25 100644 --- a/act/16/40.md +++ b/act/16/40.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **the house of Lydia** - "the home of Lydia" -* **they encouraged them** - "Paul and Silas encouraged the brothers" or "Paul and Silas encouraged the believers." +* **they encouraged them** - "Paul and Silas encouraged the brothers" or "Paul and Silas encouraged the believers" diff --git a/act/17/03.md b/act/17/03.md index cdd037327..182271478 100644 --- a/act/17/03.md +++ b/act/17/03.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He was opening the Scriptures** - possible meanings are 1) "Paul was explaining the scriptures clearly so that the people were able to understand what he was teaching" or 2) "Paul was opening the book or scroll of Scriptures" -* **it was necessary** - "it was part of the plan" or "it had to happen that way". +* **He was opening the Scriptures** - Possible meanings are 1) "Paul was explaining the scriptures clearly so that the people were able to understand what he was teaching" or 2) "Paul was opening the book or scroll of Scriptures." +* **it was necessary** - "it was part of the plan" or "it had to happen that way" * **to rise again** - "to come back to life" * **the jews were persuaded** - "the Jews were convinced" or "the Jews were won over" * **and joined Paul** - "and became associated with Paul" -* **the devout Greeks** - those who worship God but have not converted to Judaism through circumcision. +* **the devout Greeks** - those who worship God but have not converted to Judaism through circumcision * **a great crowd** - "a large crowd" diff --git a/act/17/05.md b/act/17/05.md index d5cb1ee14..737b62072 100644 --- a/act/17/05.md +++ b/act/17/05.md @@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ * **being moved with** - "being motivated by" * **certain wicked men** - "some evil men". The word "men" here refers specifically to males. -* **from the marketplace** - This is a public space of business, where buying and selling of goods, cattle, or services take place; "from the public square" (UDB) +* **from the marketplace** - This is a public space of business, where buying and selling of goods, cattle, or services take place; "from the public square" (UDB). * **set the city** - "caused the city to be" -* **Assaulting the house** - "violently confronting the house" +* **Assaulting the house** - "violently attacking the house" * **they wanted to bring** - This pronoun refers to the unbelieving jews and wicked men from the marketplace. -* **out to the people** - "to a governmental or legal group of citizens gathered to make a decision with public impact." +* **out to the people** - "to a governmental or legal group of citizens gathered to make a decision with public impact" * **before the officials** - "in the presence of the officials" -* **These men who have** - The Jewish leaders were speaking and were referring to Paul and Silas by "these men". -* **turned the world upside down** - This is an idiom meaning "to cause trouble" (UDB). The Jewish leader were expressing their jealousy by exaggerating the influence Paul and Silas have with their teaching. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **These men who have** - The Jewish leaders were speaking and were referring to Paul and Silas by "these men." +* **turned the world upside down** - This is an idiom meaning "to cause trouble" (UDB). The Jewish leaders were expressing their jealousy by exaggerating the influence Paul and Silas have with their teaching. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **Jason has welcomed** - This phrase signals that Jason was in agreement with the apostles' troubling message. diff --git a/act/17/08.md b/act/17/08.md index 0403d7584..05c98dfe8 100644 --- a/act/17/08.md +++ b/act/17/08.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **they were troubled** - "worried" or "distressed mentally" -* **had taken financial security** - "bond" or "deposit" or "fine (UDB)". This money was a promise of good behavior, which might be returned if all went well, or used to repair damages brought on by bad behavior. +* **had taken financial security** - "bond" or "deposit" or "fine" (UDB). This money was a promise of good behavior, which might be returned if all went well, or used to repair damages brought on by bad behavior. * **and the rest** - "the believers other than Jason" * **they let them go** - "the officials released Jason and the other believers arrested" diff --git a/act/17/10.md b/act/17/10.md index e514abd1e..104f4a741 100644 --- a/act/17/10.md +++ b/act/17/10.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **of a higher mind** - “more open minded” or “more willing to listen". Being "willing to listen" is characteristic of those born and educated in upper class families where new ideas are less threatening. * **received the word** - "listened to the teaching" -* **with all readiness of mind** - These Bereans were prepared to examine Paul's teaching to the scripture. -* **examining the Scriptures daily** - "carefully reading and evaluating the relevant Scripture passages every day". +* **with all readiness of mind** - These Bereans were prepared to examine Paul's teaching to the scripture. +* **examining the Scriptures daily** - "carefully reading and evaluating the relevant Scripture passages every day" diff --git a/act/17/13.md b/act/17/13.md index 76c879f86..ef4297724 100644 --- a/act/17/13.md +++ b/act/17/13.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When the Jews...learned** - "were told", "were informed" or "heard" (UDB) +* **When the Jews…learned** - "were told", "were informed" or "heard" (UDB) * **went there and stirred up** - "went there and agitated" or "went there and caused doubt" -* ** and troubled the crowds** - "caused dread and fear among the people" +* **and troubled the crowds** - "caused dread and fear among the people" * **who were leading Paul** - "who were accompanying Paul" or "who were going along with Paul" diff --git a/act/17/18.md b/act/17/18.md index 5a83789a4..839487e21 100644 --- a/act/17/18.md +++ b/act/17/18.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Epicurean...philosophers** - People who believed all things were formed by chance. They also believed that the gods were too busy being blessed and happy to be bothered with the governance of the universe. They rejected the resurrection. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Stoic philosophers** - People who believed freedom comes from resigning oneself to fate. They rejected a personal loving God and the resurrection. +* **Stoic philosophers** - People who believed freedom comes from resigning oneself to fate. They rejected a personal loving God and the resurrection. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **encountered him** - "encountered Paul" * **And some said** - "And some of the philosophers said" * **what is this babbler** - "babbler" was used to refer to birds picking up seeds as food. It is a negative term used for gossipers. The philosophers said Paul is someone who has bits of information which were not worth listening to. diff --git a/act/17/26.md b/act/17/26.md index d8259e883..db9e69b7b 100644 --- a/act/17/26.md +++ b/act/17/26.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * Paul continues to speak. * **one man** - Possible meanings are 1) "the one man is referring to Adam whom God created" or 2) "It could include both Adam and Eve whom God created." * **he made every nation** - "God, the creator, made every nation" -* **their...they** - These pronouns refer to every nation of people living on the surface of the earth. +* **their…they** - These pronouns refer to every nation of people living on the surface of the earth. * **seek God** - "Search for God" * **reach out to him ** - "to see a need for him" -* **from any one of us** - Paul includes himself, his audience and every nation in the use of "us". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **from any one of us** - Paul includes himself, his audience and every nation in the use of "us." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/act/17/32.md b/act/17/32.md index 72b06b4a7..31db69f87 100644 --- a/act/17/32.md +++ b/act/17/32.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the men of Athens** - Those people who were present at the Areopagus listening to Paul. +* **the men of Athens** - Those people who were present at the Areopagus listening to Paul * **some mocked Paul** - "some ridiculed Paul" or "some laughed at Paul". These did not believe it was possible for someone to die and then return to life. -* **we will listen** - "we" refers the men of Athens that wanted to listen to Paul. They were talking directly to Paul but not including Paul in their group. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* ** Dionysius the Areopagite, a woman named Damaris,** - Dionysius is a man's name. Areopagite implies that Dionysius was one of the judges at the Areopagus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **we will listen** - "we" refers the men of Athens that wanted to listen to Paul. They were talking directly to Paul but not including Paul in their group. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **Dionysius the Areopagite, a woman named Damaris,** - Dionysius is a man's name. Areopagite implies that Dionysius was one of the judges at the Areopagus. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/act/18/01.md b/act/18/01.md index a5563bfcc..c445ea07c 100644 --- a/act/18/01.md +++ b/act/18/01.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **After these things** - "After these events took place in Athens" * **There he found ** - Possible meanings are 1) "There Paul happened to find by chance" or 2) "There Paul found after seeking with intent." -* **Pontus by race** - A province on the southern coast of the Black Sea. +* **Pontus by race** - A province on the southern coast of the Black Sea * **had recently come** - This is probably sometime in the past year. -* **Claudius had commanded** - The current Roman emperor. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Claudius had commanded** - The current Roman emperor. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **commanded all the Jews** - "ordered" or "instructed" diff --git a/act/18/04.md b/act/18/04.md index 722e523e7..a1aae0029 100644 --- a/act/18/04.md +++ b/act/18/04.md @@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **So Paul reasoned ** - "reason" implys that Paul was having a two way conversation. Alternate translation: "So Paul debated" or "So Paul discussed." +* **So Paul reasoned ** - "reason" implys that Paul was having a two way conversation. Alternate translation: "So Paul debated" or "So Paul discussed". * **He persuaded** - This can also be translated as "He kept trying to persuade." -* **was compelled by the Spirit ** - This phrase can be expressed in the active form. "the spirit compelled him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **was compelled by the Spirit ** - This phrase can be expressed in the active form. "the spirit compelled him". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **shook out his garment** - This is a symbolic action to indicate that Paul is cutting ties with the unbelieving Jews and leaving them to God's judgment. -* **"May your blood be upon your own heads; ** - This is a metaphor. It means that the Jews are solely responsible for the judgment they will face for their stubbornness if they refuse to repent. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **"May your blood be upon your own heads; ** - This is a metaphor. It means that the Jews are solely responsible for the judgment they will face for their stubbornness if they refuse to repent. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/act/18/07.md b/act/18/07.md index ec653b98c..c6d656127 100644 --- a/act/18/07.md +++ b/act/18/07.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Then he left** - "Then Paul left" -* **Titius Justus** - A Jewish believer. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Titius Justus** - A Jewish believer. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **head of the synagogue** - "a layperson who sponsored and administered the synagogue, not necessarily the teacher" -* **Crispus, the head…** - Another Jewish believer.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Crispus, the head…** - Another Jewish believer. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **all of his house** - "the people who lived with him, including his extended family" -* **Many of the Corinthians** - Many of the Corinthians that were not Jews. +* **Many of the Corinthians** - Many of the Corinthians that were not Jews diff --git a/act/18/09.md b/act/18/09.md index 6e504aba3..fad8599b2 100644 --- a/act/18/09.md +++ b/act/18/09.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **do not be silent** - "do not stop speaking about the gospel." +* **do not be silent** - "do not stop speaking about the gospel" * **for I am** - "I" refers to the Lord, who is speaking to Paul. * **with you** - "you" refers to Paul, to whom the Lord is speaking in a vision. -* **I have many people in this city** - "There are many people in this city who have put their faith in Me." +* **I have many people in this city** - "There are many people in this city who have put their faith in Me" diff --git a/act/18/12.md b/act/18/12.md index 54bbff3bd..e1d85ab04 100644 --- a/act/18/12.md +++ b/act/18/12.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Gallio became governor of Achaia** - Achaia was a Roman province which Corinth was part of that is now modern southern Greece. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **brought him before the judgment-seat** - The Jews took Paul by force and brought Paul before the court. Alternate translation: "took him to be judged by the governor" +* **Gallio became governor of Achaia** - Achaia was a Roman province which Corinth was part of that is now modern southern Greece. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **brought him before the judgment-seat** - seat** - The Jews took Paul by force and brought Paul before the court. Alternate translation: "took him to be judged by the governor". * **contrary to the law** - The Jews were purposely making Paul's offenses against Jewish laws and customs sound like crimes against Roman law. diff --git a/act/18/14.md b/act/18/14.md index 9f5debc1f..ce8922eaf 100644 --- a/act/18/14.md +++ b/act/18/14.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **Gallio said** - The Roman governor of the Province. * **your own law ** - These were the Law of Moses and other Jewish customs of Paul's time. -* **I do not wish to be a judge of these matters ** - "I refuse to make a judgment about these matters." +* **I do not wish to be a judge of these matters. ** - "I refuse to make a judgment about these matters." diff --git a/act/18/22.md b/act/18/22.md index 04275ba16..720774027 100644 --- a/act/18/22.md +++ b/act/18/22.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **landed at Caesarea** - "arrived at Caesarea" -* **he went up** - "Paul traveled to the city of Jerusalem." +* **he went up** - "Paul traveled to the city of Jerusalem" * **greeted the Jerusalem church ** - "greeted the members of the church of Jerusalem" * **then went down** - "then went down from Jerusalem". Though Jerusalem was on a hill, the up and down directionals refer to the spiritual significance of Jerusalem rather than physical elevation. * **Pual departed** - "Paul went away" or "Paul left" -* **regions of Galatia and Phrygia** - provinces in Asia that are now modern day Turkey. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **regions of Galatia and Phrygia** - provinces in Asia that are now modern day Turkey. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **encouraged all the disciples** - "strengthened all the disciples" diff --git a/act/18/27.md b/act/18/27.md index e28495ff5..3dd6c5559 100644 --- a/act/18/27.md +++ b/act/18/27.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **When he desired** - "When Apollos desired" -* **pass over into Achaia** - "go to the region of Achaia." Achaia was a Roman Province that was the southern section of modern Greece. +* **pass over into Achaia** - "go to the region of Achaia". Achaia was a Roman Province that was the southern section of modern Greece. * **wrote to the disciples** - "wrote a letter to the Christians in Achaia" * **When he arrived** - "When Apollos arrived" * **Apollos publicly overwhelmed** - Apollos defeated the Jews in front of other people by his arguments. diff --git a/act/19/01.md b/act/19/01.md index 854f09f6b..59fd166cb 100644 --- a/act/19/01.md +++ b/act/19/01.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **It came about** - "it happened" * **passed through** - "traveled through" * **upper country** - This was an area of Asia (modern Turkey) which was to the north of Ephesus and Alexandria Troas and eastward inland. -* **receive the Holy Spirit** - To obtain or get the Holy Spirit. -* **we did not even hear about the Holy Spirit** - "we had not heard about the Holy Spirit." +* **receive the Holy Spirit** - To obtain or get the Holy Spirit +* **we did not even hear about the Holy Spirit** - "we had not heard about the Holy Spirit". diff --git a/act/19/03.md b/act/19/03.md index c081bd2b7..72383186e 100644 --- a/act/19/03.md +++ b/act/19/03.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ * Paul continues his discussion with the new believers in Ephesus. * **Into what then were you baptized? ** - "Whose baptism were you baptized in?" or "Under whose name were you baptized?" * **They said ** - "the disciples said" -* **Into John’s baptism ** - "With the baptism of John." -* **the baptism of repentance** - "the baptism that people requested when they wanted to turn away from their sin". -* **come after him** - "come after John the Baptist in time" and not following after him physically. +* **Into John’s baptism ** - "With the baptism of John" +* **the baptism of repentance** - "the baptism that people requested when they wanted to turn away from their sin" +* **come after him** - "come after John the Baptist in time" and not following after him physically diff --git a/act/19/13.md b/act/19/13.md index 9866dc53b..fd83a1bd8 100644 --- a/act/19/13.md +++ b/act/19/13.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Jewish exorcists** - People who expel evil spirits from people or places. +* **Jewish exorcists** - People who expel evil spirits from people or places * **took the name of Jesus for their own use ** - Even though they did not believe in Jesus, they tried to use his name as one of their magic words. * **those who had evil spirits** - "those who were under the influence of evil spirits" * **spoke it over** - "spoke it to" diff --git a/act/19/15.md b/act/19/15.md index a01bedf48..588f9457c 100644 --- a/act/19/15.md +++ b/act/19/15.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Jesus I know, and Paul I know** - "I know Jesus and Paul;" or "I have heard about Jesus and Paul" -* **who are you ** - This is a rhetorical question to express skepticism regarding the authority they have over evil spirits. This can also be translated as "what authority do you have?" or "you have no authority." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **the exorcists** - Translate "exorcists" the same way in previous verse (Acts [[en:bible:notes:act:19:15]]) -* **they fled...naked** - the exorcists fled with some or all of their clothes ripped off them. +* **who are you ** - This is a rhetorical question to express skepticism regarding the authority they have over evil spirits. This can also be translated as "what authority do you have?" or "you have no authority." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **the exorcists** - Translate "exorcists" the same way in previous verse. (Acts [[:en:bible:notes:act:19:15]]) +* **they fled…naked** - the exorcists fled with some or all of their clothes ripped off them. * **They became very afraid** - "the Jews and Greeks at Ephesus became very afraid" diff --git a/act/19/18.md b/act/19/18.md index 77acd8817..af1f6cc29 100644 --- a/act/19/18.md +++ b/act/19/18.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **brought their books ** - scrolls on which magical incantations and formulas were written. +* **brought their books ** - scrolls on which magical incantations and formulas were written * **in the sight of everyone** - "in front of everyone" * **pieces of silver ** - A piece of silver was worth about a common laboror's daily wages. * **So the word of the Lord spread very widely in powerful ways ** - "The message about the Lord was so effective that it kept spreading and becoming more influential." diff --git a/act/19/23.md b/act/19/23.md index d1331cb50..bec472be0 100644 --- a/act/19/23.md +++ b/act/19/23.md @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **a great disturbance** - a near riot situation. +* **a great disturbance** - a near riot situation * **the Way** - This was a term used to refer to Christianity. -* **A certain silversmith** - A silversmith is a craftsman who works with silver metal to made statues and jewelry. -* ** named Demetrius** - A Silversmith in Ephesus who was against Paul and the local church. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* ** silver statues of Diana** - Ephesus had a large temple dedicated to the goddess Diana. -* **brought in much business** - Sold many silver statues made in the image of Diana. +* **A certain silversmith** - A silversmith is a craftsman who works with silver metal to make statues and jewelry. +* **named Demetrius** - A Silversmith in Ephesus who was against Paul and the local church. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **silver statues of Diana** - Ephesus had a large temple dedicated to the goddess Diana. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **brought in much business** - Sold many silver statues made in the image of Diana diff --git a/act/19/35.md b/act/19/35.md index e931049b0..b2563e021 100644 --- a/act/19/35.md +++ b/act/19/35.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **You men of Ephesus** - (See: [[en:ta:translate:formsofyou]]) -* **what man is there who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is temple-keeper of the great Diana and of the image which fell down from heaven?** - This is a rhetorical question used to calm the crowd. It can also be translated, "every man knows that the city of the Ephesians is temple-keeper of the great Diana and of the image which fell down from heaven." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **temple-keeper** - The Ephesian people maintained and guarded the temple of Artemis. +* **You men of Ephesus** - "you" is referring to all the men present who were from Ephesus. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **what man is there who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is temple-keeper of the great Diana and of the image which fell down from heaven?** - keeper of the great Diana and of the image which fell down from heaven?** - This is a rhetorical question used to calm the crowd. It can also be translated, "every man knows that the city of the Ephesians is temple-keeper of the great Diana and of the image which fell down from heaven." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **temple-keeper** - keeper** - The Ephesian people maintained and guarded the temple of Artemis. * **the image that fell down from heaven?** - Within the temple of Artemis was an image of the goddess that had been fashioned from a meteorite, a rock thought to have come directly from Zeus. diff --git a/act/20/09.md b/act/20/09.md index 1d506bc74..c71d5354a 100644 --- a/act/20/09.md +++ b/act/20/09.md @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **who fell into a deep sleep** - He was not awake any longer but was sleeping strongly. -* **third story** - "two floors above the ground floor/first floor" -* **was picked up dead ** - was picked up dead - When they went down to check his condition, they saw he was dead. -* **embraced him ** - embraced him - "Put his arms around him" (UDB) -* **Then he said ** - Then he said - "Then Paul said" +* **third story** - "two floors above the ground floor" +* **was picked up dead** - When they went down to check his condition, they saw he was dead. +* **embraced him ** - "Put his arms around him" (UDB) +* **Then he said ** - "Then Paul said" * **he is alive** - "Eutychus is alive" diff --git a/act/20/15.md b/act/20/15.md index 96367d76a..225815bd0 100644 --- a/act/20/15.md +++ b/act/20/15.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **we sailed from there** - The word "we" refers to Paul, Luke, and those traveling with them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **the island of Chios** - the island of Chios Chios is an island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the Aegean sea. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **we touched at the island of Samos** - Samos is an island south of Chios in the Aegean sea off the coast of modern day Turkey. Alternate Translation: "we arrived at the island of Samos." -* **the city of Miletus** - Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. -* **For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus** - Paul sailed south past the port city of Ephesus, further south in order to land at Miletus. +* **the island of Chios** - Chios is an island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the Aegean sea. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **we touched at the island of Samos** - Samos is an island south of Chios in the Aegean sea off the coast of modern day Turkey. Alternate Translation: "we arrived at the island of Samos." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **the city of Miletus** - Miletus was a port city in western Asia Minor near the mouth of the Meander River. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus** - Paul sailed south past the port city of Ephesus, further south in order to land at Miletus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/act/20/17.md b/act/20/17.md index a72c6c8cd..30f8931c7 100644 --- a/act/20/17.md +++ b/act/20/17.md @@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **From Miletus** - See how you translated Miletus in Acts [[en:bible:notes:act:20:15]]. -* **set foot in Asia ** - set foot in Asia - "entered this region of Asia" +* **set foot in Asia ** - "entered this region of Asia" * **lowliness of mind** - "humility" or "humbleness" * **with tears** - I sometimes cried as I served the Lord. * **keep back** - "hold back" or "withhold" -* **going from house to house** - going from house to house- That is, he taught people in various private homes. +* **going from house to house** - That is, he taught people in various private homes. * **repentance toward God** - "turn from their sins toward God" diff --git a/act/21/01.md b/act/21/01.md index afd95c114..1e268e6dc 100644 --- a/act/21/01.md +++ b/act/21/01.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **we had parted** - The word "we" refers to Luke, Paul and those traveling with them. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **we took a straight course to the city of Cos** - "we went straight to the city of Cos" or "we went directly to the city of Cos" +* **we took a straight course to the city of Cos** - "we went straight to the city of Cos" or "we went directly to the city of Cos" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **City of Cos** - Cos is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean sea region. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **city of Rhodes** - Rhodes is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean sea region south of Cos and northeast of Crete. -* **city of Patara** - Patara is a city on the south west coast of modern day Turkey south of the Aegean Sea in the Mediterranean sea. +* **city of Rhodes** - Rhodes is a Greek island off the coast of modern day Turkey in the South Aegean sea region south of Cos and northeast of Crete. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **city of Patara** - Patara is a city on the south west coast of modern day Turkey south of the Aegean Sea in the Mediterranean sea. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/act/22/03.md b/act/22/03.md index ac999d124..d2ff0751e 100644 --- a/act/22/03.md +++ b/act/22/03.md @@ -29,4 +29,4 @@ * **to the death** - Paul was willing to kill people who followed the Way. * **bear witness** - "give a witness" or "testify" * **I received letters from them** - "I received letters from the high priests and elders" -* **I was to bring back in bonds** - "They ordered me to bring back in chains" +* **I was to bring back in bonds** - "They ordered me to bring back in chains" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/22/25.md b/act/22/25.md index fc6619cc9..0e43e31b8 100644 --- a/act/22/25.md +++ b/act/22/25.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **the thongs** - These were strips of leather or animal hide. * **"Is it lawful for you to scourge a man who is a Roman and uncondemned?"** - This rhetorical question is used to make the centurion question himself about whipping Paul. Alternate translation: "It is not lawful for you to whip a man who is a Roman and uncondemned!"(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **"What are you about to do?"** - This rhetorical question is used to make the commander think about if he should whip Paul. "You should not do this!" +* **"What are you about to do?"** - This rhetorical question is used to make the commander think about if he should whip Paul. "You should not do this!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/act/23/16.md b/act/23/16.md index d9099af8c..83e6dffbc 100644 --- a/act/23/16.md +++ b/act/23/16.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **they were lying in wait** - they were lying in wait- The men, who made a promise to kill Paul, were ready to ambush him. +* **they were lying in wait** - The men, who made a promise to kill Paul, were ready to ambush him. * **he has something to tell him** - The young man has something to tell the chief captain. * **the fortress** - See how you translated this in verse [[en:bible:notes:act:21:34]]. diff --git a/act/23/22.md b/act/23/22.md index f930c3272..08fca42f6 100644 --- a/act/23/22.md +++ b/act/23/22.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **two of the centurions** - 2 of the centurions (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **seventy horsemen** - 70 horsemen -* **two hundred spearmen** - 200 soldiers that are armed with spears. +* **seventy horsemen** - 70 horsemen (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **two hundred spearmen** - 200 soldiers that are armed with spears. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **third hour of the night** - This was about 9:00 p.m. at night. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) * **Felix the governor** - Felix is the roman governor of the area who resides at Caesarea. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/act/23/34.md b/act/23/34.md index c6c56ae39..8bf9524d9 100644 --- a/act/23/34.md +++ b/act/23/34.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **when he learned that he was from Cilicia** - "when the governor learned that Paul was from Cilicia" -* **commanded him to be kept ** - commanded him to be kept - "commanded soldiers to keep Paul" or "commanded soldiers to restrain Paul" +* **commanded him to be kept ** - "commanded soldiers to keep Paul" or "commanded soldiers to restrain Paul" diff --git a/act/24/01.md b/act/24/01.md index b26cad8bf..3596d868c 100644 --- a/act/24/01.md +++ b/act/24/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **after five days - ** - Five days after the Roman soldiers took Paul to Caesarea. +* **after five days - ** - ** Five days after the Roman soldiers took Paul to Caesarea. * **Ananias the chief priest** - See how you translated Ananias in verse [[en:bible:notes:act:23:01]]. * **went there** - "went to Caesarea where Paul was." * **an orator** - "one who speaks in court." Alternate translation "a lawyer" or one who speaks to accuse another" diff --git a/act/24/04.md b/act/24/04.md index 6bd96554b..c0a278e1b 100644 --- a/act/24/04.md +++ b/act/24/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **we have found this man** - "we observed Paul" or "we discovered that Paul" The word "we" refers to Ananias, certain elders and Tertullus (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **all the Jews throughout the world** - "Many Jews throughout the world" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **tried to desecrate the temple** - "tried to religiously dishonor the temple" -* **verses 6b-8a ** - verses 6b-8a - There is a variant reading in some ancient manuscripts. "[6b] And we wanted to judge him according to our own Law. [7] But the commander Lysias came, and with great violence took him out of our hands. [8b] He then ordered his accusers to come and appear before you." [See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]] +* **verses 6b-8a ** - 8a **- There is a variant reading in some ancient manuscripts. "[6b] And we wanted to judge him according to our own Law. [7] But the commander Lysias came, and with great violence took him out of our hands. [8b] He then ordered his accusers to come and appear before you." [See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]] diff --git a/act/24/24.md b/act/24/24.md index ee6fe1cf3..1177bbb81 100644 --- a/act/24/24.md +++ b/act/24/24.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **After some days** - "after several days" * **Felix returned** - See how Felix was translated in verse [[en:bible:notes:act:23:22]] -* **Druscilla his wife** - Druscilla his wife Drusilla is a woman's name. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Druscilla his wife** - Drusilla is a woman's name. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Felix became fearful** - Felix may have felt conviction of his sins. * **for the present ** - "for the present time" or "until later" diff --git a/act/25/04.md b/act/25/04.md index a567b7bfc..d4a92eb30 100644 --- a/act/25/04.md +++ b/act/25/04.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **that Paul was a prisoner in Caesarea** - that Paul was a prisoner in Caesarea- This is an indirect speech quote. Alternated translation: "Paul is a prisoner in Caesarea, and I myself will soon return there." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) +* **that Paul was a prisoner in Caesarea** - This is an indirect speech quote. Alternated translation: "Paul is a prisoner in Caesarea, and I myself will soon return there." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **if there is something wrong with the man** - "if Paul has done something wrong" * **you should accuse him** - "you shoud bring charges" or "you should accuse him of violating laws" diff --git a/act/27/01.md b/act/27/01.md index d8d4aecb3..465b74c81 100644 --- a/act/27/01.md +++ b/act/27/01.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **when it was decided** - "when the governor decided" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **sail for Italy** - Italy is the name of the province Rome was in. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **we should sail** - The word "we" refers to the author, Luke, and Paul. He accompanied Paul on his journey to Rome. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* ** a centurion named Julius** - a centurion named Julius Julius is a man's name. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* ** a centurion named Julius** - Julius is a man's name. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the Augustan Regiment** - This was the name of the battalion or army name the centurion was from. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **a ship from Andramyttium** - Possible meanings: 1) a ship that had come from Andramyttium or 2) a ship that was registered or licensed in Andramyttium. It was possibly located on the west coast of Modern day Turkey (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **about to sail** - "soon going to sail" or "would depart soon" diff --git a/act/27/14.md b/act/27/14.md index 315fccb23..6a6d73780 100644 --- a/act/27/14.md +++ b/act/27/14.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes * ** tempestuous wind** - "a very strong and dangerous wind" -* **the sheltered side** - the sheltered side-"the side protected from the wind" +* **the sheltered side** - "the side protected from the wind" * **a small island called Cauda** - This island was located on the south coast of Crete. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/act/27/19.md b/act/27/19.md index 4b17225d5..8964c821f 100644 --- a/act/27/19.md +++ b/act/27/19.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **hope that we should be saved was abandoned** - hope that we should be saved was abandoned- “everyone stopped hoping that we would survive” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **hope that we should be saved was abandoned** - “everyone stopped hoping that we would survive” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/act/27/23.md b/act/27/23.md index 4daaf1c68..6457e7077 100644 --- a/act/27/23.md +++ b/act/27/23.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * Paul continues to speak. * **has given to you all those who are sailing with you** - "has decided to allow all those who are sailing with you to live" -* **we must wreck upon some island** - we must wreck upon some island "the ship must be driven ashore on some island" +* **we must wreck upon some island** - "the ship must be driven ashore on some island" diff --git a/act/27/27.md b/act/27/27.md index 4683c983f..99e0c3ffd 100644 --- a/act/27/27.md +++ b/act/27/27.md @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the Adriatic Sea** - the Adriatic Sea- The sea between Italy and Greece. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **the Adriatic Sea** - The sea between Italy and Greece. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **They took soundings** - They measured the depth of the sea water. (UDB) * **found twenty fathoms** - "found 20 fathoms" or "found 40 meters." This is a unit of measurement. (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **found fifteen fathoms** - "found 15 fathoms" or "found 30 meters" +* **found fifteen fathoms** - "found 15 fathoms" or "found 30 meters" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **from the stern** - "from the back of the ship" diff --git a/act/27/36.md b/act/27/36.md index 1266c6dc5..ff743d97f 100644 --- a/act/27/36.md +++ b/act/27/36.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **two hundred seventy-six people** - "276 people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **two hundred seventy-six people** - six people** - "276 people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/act/28/19.md b/act/28/19.md index 19017735d..4cf12d9c1 100644 --- a/act/28/19.md +++ b/act/28/19.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **the Jews spoke** - "The Jews in Jerusalem spoke" * **against their desire** - "against the Roman leaders' desire" * **I was forced to appeal** - "I had no alternative but to appeal" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the confidence of Israel** - That God would send the Messiah to Israel. +* **what Israel is confident about** - That God would send the Messiah to Israel, or that God would raise the dead to life diff --git a/act/28/28.md b/act/28/28.md index efc1777af..7ee3c9091 100644 --- a/act/28/28.md +++ b/act/28/28.md @@ -8,4 +8,3 @@ * Paul continues to speak. * **they will listen** - "some of them will listen" -* **verse 29** - “And when he had said these words, the Jews departed, having much disputing among themselves.” This verse was omitted because some of the older, more reliable, ancient texts did not include the verse. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) diff --git a/amo/01/01.md b/amo/01/01.md index f2281ae04..1c3332822 100644 --- a/amo/01/01.md +++ b/amo/01/01.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the things … that Amos … received in revelation ** - the things … that Amos … received in revelation - Everything that God made Amos understand through what Amos saw or heard. +* **the things … that Amos … received in revelation ** - Everything that God made Amos understand through what Amos saw or heard. * **Yahweh roars** - like 1) a lion or 2) thunder (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/amo/01/05.md b/amo/01/05.md index 724b37df2..7a42eeb59 100644 --- a/amo/01/05.md +++ b/amo/01/05.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Biqat Aven … Beth Eden … Kir** - AT: "Valley of Evil ... House of Pleasure ... Kir." No one knows where these places were. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Biqat Aven … Beth Eden … Kir** - names of cities (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Eden** - different from the Garden of Eden * **the man who holds the scepter** - the king or chief (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/amo/02/07.md b/amo/02/07.md index ff2cf2348..52196fc89 100644 --- a/amo/02/07.md +++ b/amo/02/07.md @@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ * [[en:tw:oppress]] * [[en:tw:pledge]] * [[en:tw:profane]] +* [[en:tw:sex]] * [[en:tw:wine]] ## translationNotes * **trample** - injure by purposely and repeatedly stepping hard on * **they push the oppressed away** - "they refuse to listen when the oppressed say they are being treated unfairly" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **sleep with** - "have sexual relations with" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/amo/03/03.md b/amo/03/03.md index 8a2acff1f..7e980c206 100644 --- a/amo/03/03.md +++ b/amo/03/03.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* God will answer these questions in [[:en:bible:notes:amo:03:07]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* 8]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/amo/03/05.md b/amo/03/05.md index e1cdcf63f..684f28702 100644 --- a/amo/03/05.md +++ b/amo/03/05.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* God will answer these questions in [[:en:bible:notes:amo:03:07]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* 8]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/amo/06/11.md b/amo/06/11.md index 14269bef4..947c69864 100644 --- a/amo/06/11.md +++ b/amo/06/11.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Look** - AT: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” +* **look** - AT: “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” * **the big house will be smashed to pieces, and the little house to bits** - Possible meanings: 1) Yahweh will command others to destroy every house or 2) Yahweh himself will destroy every house himself simply by giving a command. * **big house ... and ... little house** - all houses (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **pieces ... and ... bits** - You can use the same word for both if you need to. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/col/01/01.md b/col/01/01.md index 4de04d1ef..08edc39e1 100644 --- a/col/01/01.md +++ b/col/01/01.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ * (This is a letter from Paul and Timothy to the Colossian believers.) * **an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God ** - "chosen by God to be an apostle of Christ Jesus" * **our brother** - Paul includes his audience in "our". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **set apart for God ** - Means morally blameless or consecrated or holy ones. Can be translated as "saints". +* **set apart for God ** - Means morally blameless or consecrated or holy ones. AT: "saints". * **Grace to you** - To give or wish a blessing upon another. * **Grace to you** - "you" refers to the Colossian saints and faithful brethren. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) -* **we always pray for you ** - This is an expression for "we prayed very often and sincerely for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **we always pray for you ** - AT: "we prayed very often and sincerely for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/col/01/04.md b/col/01/04.md index 57390c214..43019ebc7 100644 --- a/col/01/04.md +++ b/col/01/04.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ * **your faith in Christ Jesus** - "your belief in Christ Jesus" * **your faith…you have…for you** - "you" refers to the Colossian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) * **of the love that you have for all those** - "that you love all those" (UDB) -* **set apart for God ** - This means to be pure or free from sin and useful for God. Can be translated as "saints". +* **set apart for God ** - This means to be pure or free from sin and useful for God. AT: "saints". * **because of the confident expectation reserved in heaven ** - "which is the result of your sure hope of what God has kept in heaven". * **confident expectation** - “hope that you hold firmly” * **bearing fruit and is growing ** - This metaphor compares a tree or plant that produces food and grows to the gospel which changes people and spreads throughout the world as many more people believe it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/col/01/11.md b/col/01/11.md index b34ae7884..72e386d96 100644 --- a/col/01/11.md +++ b/col/01/11.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ * **has qualified us** - Paul is including the colossian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **for a share in the inheritance** - "to receive a part of the inheritance" * **in light** - "in the glory of his presence" -* **for those set apart** - “for those without moral fault” or "selected for special use". Can be translated as “saints”. +* **for those set apart** - “for those without moral fault” or "selected for special use". AT: “saints”. * **for him** - "for the Father" diff --git a/col/01/18.md b/col/01/18.md index c4660365a..1cd9ffff5 100644 --- a/col/01/18.md +++ b/col/01/18.md @@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ * **originating authority** - first chief or founder. Jesus started the Church. * **firstborn out of the dead ones ** - Jesus is the first person to die and come back to life, never to die again. * **This is because it pleased God to decide that all his fullness should live in him ** - "God the Father was pleased to make everything he is to live in Christ" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **through ** - The Greek word for the preposition "through" has the idea of a channel or way, showing that God brings peace and reconciliation to people by the blood of Jesus when he died on the cross. This preposition is used two times in verse 20. +* **through ** - The Greek word for the preposition "through" has the idea of a channel or way, showing that God brings peace and reconciliation to people by the blood of Jesus when he died on the cross. diff --git a/col/01/21.md b/col/01/21.md index 5ae11d229..476c06401 100644 --- a/col/01/21.md +++ b/col/01/21.md @@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And you also** - "And you colossian believers also". -* **were strangers from God** - The Greek word contains an element of choice, so it might be translated "were alienated from God" or "had pushed God away" or "were hostile toward God". +* **And you also** - "And you Colossian believers also". +* **were strangers from God** - The Greek word contains an element of choice. AT: "were alienated from God" or "had pushed God away" or "were hostile toward God". * **were his enemies in your mind and by your evil deeds** - were his enemies because you thought evil thoughts and because you did evil deeds. (UDB) -* **God has reconciled you in the body of Christ's flesh through death** - When God reconciled you to Christ,he did not see christ, but you on the cross such that when christ died, he saw you die. +* **God has reconciled you in the body of Christ's flesh through death** - When God reconciled you to Christ, he did not see Christ, but you on the cross such that when christ died, he saw you die. * **blameless** - "without blame" * **unreproveable** - "without accusation". Cannot be accused of any sin. * **before himself** - "before God himself" diff --git a/col/02/01.md b/col/02/01.md index 086908504..7417e1c87 100644 --- a/col/02/01.md +++ b/col/02/01.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:christ]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:know]] * [[en:tw:love]] * [[en:tw:wise]] @@ -12,10 +13,10 @@ * **those at Laodicea** - This was a city very close to Colossae where there was also a church for which Paul was praying. * **as many as have not seen my face in the flesh​ ** - "many I have never seen personally" or "many I have never met face to face". * **that their hearts** - "that all the believers' hearts who had never seen Paul in person" -* **brought together​ ** - Brought together in a real close relationship. It can also be translated as "knit together" or "brought closely together". +* **brought together​ ** - Brought together in a real close relationship. AT: "knit together" or "brought closely together". * **come from confidently understanding** - Having assurance in knowing these things. * **the mystery of God** - This is knowledge that can only be revealed by God.​ * **that is, Christ** - Jesus Christ is the mystery revealed by God. * **hidden treasures of wisdom and knowledge** - Great riches or wealth of wisdom and knowledge -* **wisdom and knowledge** - Knowledge is knowing facts and information about something, understanding is knowing how to use that information and wisdom is knowing when to use or apply that information. +* **wisdom and knowledge** - These words mean basically the same thing here. Paul uses them together to emphasize that all spiritual understanding comes from Christ. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **are in him** - The word “him” refers to Christ. diff --git a/col/02/06.md b/col/02/06.md index 12359b5ca..c6589f5af 100644 --- a/col/02/06.md +++ b/col/02/06.md @@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ * **Walk in Christ Jesus the Lord** - This is an expression for living in a certain manor or consistent way. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **that you received him** - "that you Colossian believers received Christ" -* **Be firmly planted in him​ ** - This metaphor compares the way a plant needs deep roots to grow well to the way believers need strong faith in order to mature spiritually. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **be built upon him** - This metaphor shows that the Christian life needs to be based on Christ in the same way a building needs to be built on a solid foundation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Be firmly planted in him, be built upon him** - Paul uses two metaphors (the first of a plant with deep roots, the second of a well-constructed building) to describe the way in which believers ought to live and mature spiritually. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **be established in faith ** - live your life based upon your faith in Jesus Christ * **abound with thanksgiving ** - to be very thankful to God. diff --git a/col/02/08.md b/col/02/08.md index e55acd8bf..6064315fa 100644 --- a/col/02/08.md +++ b/col/02/08.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **See that** - be cautious. This could be translated as "Beware" or "Watch out that". +* **See that** - be cautious. AT: "Beware" or "Watch out that". * **captures you** - This metaphor compares the way a person can be physically caught and held by force to how a person can be emotionally and spiritually caught and captured by false teachings. (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **captures you** - "captures you, Colossian believers" * **philosophy** - the religious doctrines and beliefs that are not from God's word but are based on man's thoughts about God and life. diff --git a/col/02/16.md b/col/02/16.md index 01e4eb471..4167810e0 100644 --- a/col/02/16.md +++ b/col/02/16.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **let no one judge you** - Paul was warning the believers against the Jews who wanted to make the Gentiles follow the Law of Moses. -* **in eating or in drinking** - The Law of Moses included what one can eat and drink. This can be translated as, "in what you eat or in what your drink". +* **in eating or in drinking** - The Law of Moses included what one can eat and drink. AT: "in what you eat or in what your drink". * **about a feast day or a new moon, or about Sabbath days** - The Law of Moses specified what days to celebrate, days to worship, and days to offer sacrifice. * **a shadow of the things to come ** - This metaphor compares the way a shadow only gives an vague idea of the shape and nature of an object to the way religious traditions such as the Law of Moses can only partially show the reality of Jesus Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/col/02/18.md b/col/02/18.md index 6c8ada7a5..399e25b56 100644 --- a/col/02/18.md +++ b/col/02/18.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let no one be robbed of a prize​** - "Let no one be cheated out of their prize." This metaphor compares people who teach false humility and worshiping of angels to robbers who steal the Colossians' salvation. This passive phrase could be translated in active form as "Do not let anyone steal someone's reward." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **false humility** - "voluntary humility." Doing things that make you appear to be humble to others. It could be translated "pious self-denial." +* **Let no one be robbed of a prize​** - "Let no one be cheated out of their prize." This metaphor compares people who teach false humility and worshiping of angels to robbers who steal the Colossians' salvation. AT: "Do not let anyone steal someone's reward." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **false humility** - "voluntary humility." Doing things that make you appear to be humble to others. AT: "pious self-denial." * **obsesses about things** - Having thoughts that constantly control the mind or being excessively preoccupied with something. * **fleshly thinking** - Thinking as a natural or sinful person rather than as a spiritual person. * **hold on to** - "firmly grasp" or "cling to" just as a child firmly holds on to his parent. diff --git a/col/02/20.md b/col/02/20.md index 9732527b8..9fa972ba3 100644 --- a/col/02/20.md +++ b/col/02/20.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **If you died together with Christ to the sinful belief systems of the world** - This metaphor shows that just as a person who dies physically no longer needs to obey the physical demands of this world (breath, eat, sleep), a person who dies spiritually with Christ no longer needs to obey the spiritual demands of the world system. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **why do you live in submission to the world's beliefs** - why do you live in submission to the world's beliefs Paul used this question to rebuke the Colossians for following the false beliefs of the world. This could be translated as a statement: "stop submitting yourself to the world's beliefs!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **why do you live in submission to the world's beliefs** - Paul used this question to rebuke the Colossians for following the false beliefs of the world. AT: "stop submitting yourself to the world's beliefs!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **live in submission to** - "submit to" or "give in to" or "obey." * **perish** - "decay" -* **These rules have the "wisdom" of man-made religion and false humility and ascetic treatment of the body** - "These rules seem wise from a human point of view by having the appearance of humility and harsh treatment of the body." +* **These rules have the "wisdom" of man-made religion and false humility and ascetic treatment of the body** - made religion and false humility and ascetic treatment of the body** - "These rules seem wise from a human point of view by having the appearance of humility and harsh treatment of the body." * **ascetic** - "severe" or "harsh" or "grim" * **have no value against the indulgence of the flesh ** - "they do not help you stop following your human desires." diff --git a/col/03/05.md b/col/03/05.md index 07390c48b..1925321da 100644 --- a/col/03/05.md +++ b/col/03/05.md @@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ * **Put to death, therefore, your sinful desires ** - This is a metaphor showing that sinful desires should be completely and finally dealt with just as an evil person is put to death. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **uncleanness ** - "impure behavior" * **passion** - "strong lustful desire" -* **and greed, which is idolatry** - and greed, which is idolatry "and greed, which is the same thing as idolatry" or "And do not be greedy, because that is the same as worshiping idols." (UDB) -* **It is for these things that the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience ** - It is for these things that the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience - "The wrath of God comes upon unbelievers who do these things." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **It is in these things that you also once walked when you lived by them ** - It is in these things that you also once walked when you lived by them - "You once live by these things when you actively took part in them". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). +* **and greed, which is idolatry** - "and greed, which is the same thing as idolatry" or "And do not be greedy, because that is the same as worshiping idols." (UDB) +* **It is for these things that the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience ** - "The wrath of God comes upon unbelievers who do these things." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **It is in these things that you also once walked when you lived by them ** - "You once live by these things when you actively took part in them". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). * **wrath ** - "violence" * **anger ** - "rage" -* **evil intentions ** - "determined to or set on doing evil things". This could also be translated as "wickedness of heart, life and character." +* **evil intentions ** - "determined to or set on doing evil things". AT: "wickedness of heart, life and character." * **insults ** - "blasphemy" or "profanity" or "slander." It is a speech used with the intent of hurting and tearing down others. -* **shameful, obscene speech ** - This could be translated as "filthy speech." +* **shameful, obscene speech ** - AT: "filthy speech." diff --git a/col/03/09.md b/col/03/09.md index 7cd7938e6..2c7177fe5 100644 --- a/col/03/09.md +++ b/col/03/09.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **you have stripped off your old self with its practices, and you have put on your new self ** - This metaphor contrasts the Christian who is to remove ungodly behavior and to begin acting godly to that of the person who removes dirty clothes and puts on new clean clothes. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **his image** - This is a metonym for Jesus Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the knowledge of his image ** - To know and understand Jesus Christ. -* **there is no Greek and Jew, circumcision and uncircumcision, barbarian, Scythian, slave, freeman ** - This is saying that God sees every person alike; not race, religion, nationality or caste (social status). This could be translated "Here race, religion, culture and social status do not matter". -* **Christ is all things and in all things** - Nothing is excluded or left out of the existence of Christ. It can be translated as "Christ is all important." +* **there is no Greek and Jew, circumcision and uncircumcision, barbarian, Scythian, slave, freeman ** - This is saying that God sees every person alike; not race, religion, nationality or caste (social status). AT: "Here race, religion, culture and social status do not matter". +* **Christ is all things and in all things** - Nothing is excluded or left out of the existence of Christ. AT: "Christ is all important." diff --git a/col/03/12.md b/col/03/12.md index 40e12fd3e..f59dd07d9 100644 --- a/col/03/12.md +++ b/col/03/12.md @@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ * **put on…a heart of compassion…** - As a person puts on clothing while getting dressed, believers are to put on compassion, lowliness, etc. in their behavior towards each other. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Put on therefore** - "Therefore" is a discourse marker used to specify an action or behavior change based on the preceding discussion or teaching. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) -* **as God’s chosen ones–holy and beloved** - “as God's holy and dearly loved chosen ones". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **as God’s chosen ones–holy and beloved** - holy and beloved** - “as God's holy and dearly loved chosen ones". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **a heart of compassion, kindness, lowliness, meekness, and patience ** - "an inner being that is compassionate, kind, humble, gentle and patient". * **heart of compassion** - “heart of empathy” or “heart of consideration” * **kindness ** - “goodness” or “gentleness” * **lowliness** - “humbleness of mind” or “lowliness of mind” or “modesty” * **meekness** - “gentleness”. Calmness of the soul toward God rather than outward expression of feelings. * **patience** - "fortitude" or "long-suffering" or "self-restraint" -* **Bear with one another** - To work together in harmony and love. It can be translated as "to put up with or endure each another". +* **Bear with one another** - To work together in harmony and love. AT: "to put up with or endure each another". * **has a complaint against ** - "complains against" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_abstractnouns]]) * **have love ** - “put on love” * **which is the bond of perfection ** - “which binds us perfectly together” or “which binds us together in perfect harmony” diff --git a/col/03/18.md b/col/03/18.md index 4bdfda5e4..237d7a228 100644 --- a/col/03/18.md +++ b/col/03/18.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ * **wives submit to ** - “wives obey”. * **it is appropriate ** - “it is proper” or “it is right”. * **do not be bitter against ** - "do not be harsh with" or "do not be angry towards". -* **for this is well-pleasing in the Lord.** - for this is well-pleasing in the Lord. "for the lord is well-pleased with you when you obey your parents". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **for this is well-pleasing in the Lord.** - pleasing in the Lord.** "for the lord is well-pleased with you when you obey your parents". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) * **provoke your children ** - "aggravate your children" or “stimulate your children to anger” diff --git a/col/03/22.md b/col/03/22.md index 8c4ddeaf8..fdc78a525 100644 --- a/col/03/22.md +++ b/col/03/22.md @@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ * **obey your masters** - The word "your" refers to the Colossian slaves who are believers. * **Whatever you do** - The word "you" refers to slaves, but may include all the colossian Christians. * **obey your masters according to the flesh** - "obey your earthly masters" -* **not with eye-service** - Do not obey only when your master is watching. -* **people-pleasers** - These are people who do something to get the approval of other people rather than the Lord's. (See UDB) +* **not with eye-service** - service** - Do not obey only when your master is watching. +* **people-pleasers** - pleasers** - These are people who do something to get the approval of other people rather than the Lord's. (See UDB) * **from the soul** - “wholeheartedly” (See UDB) -* **as to the Lord ** - as to the Lord - “for the Lord” (See UDB) +* **as to the Lord ** - “for the Lord” (See UDB) * **reward of the inheritance ** - “our share of what the Lord has promised”. (See UDB) -* **who does unrighteousness ** - It refers to anyone who actively does wrong of any kind (moral, social or physical). It can be translated as “who does wrong” or “who does evil”. +* **who does unrighteousness ** - It refers to anyone who actively does wrong of any kind (moral, social or physical). AT: “who does wrong” or “who does evil”. * **receive the penalty** - Will be punished. * **is no partiality ** - “is no favoritism” or “are no favorites” or "are no favorite ones" diff --git a/col/04/02.md b/col/04/02.md index 7d15cbfb5..f5165321c 100644 --- a/col/04/02.md +++ b/col/04/02.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * **Continue steadfastly in prayer​ ** - "Keep praying faithfully" or "Keep praying consistently." * **for us also** - The word "us" refers to Paul and Timothy but not the Colossian believers. -* **God would open a door ** - This is an idiom for "God to provide opportunities." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **God would open a door ** - AT: "God to provide opportunities." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **mystery of Christ** - The message of Jesus Christ that was not understood before Christ came. * **Because of that word, I am bound​ ** - "It is for proclaiming the message of Jesus Christ that I am now in prison" * **pray that I may make it clear and that I may speak as I ought to speak​ ** - "pray that I might be able to speak the message of Jesus Christ clearly as I should speak." diff --git a/col/04/05.md b/col/04/05.md index c61eec6f0..089be50dd 100644 --- a/col/04/05.md +++ b/col/04/05.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **who are outsiders** - "who are not believers". * **use your time wisely** - The word "you" refers to the colossian believers. * **use your time wisely** - "Be wise about what you do" -* **Let your words always be with grace. Season them with salt ** - Let your words always be with grace. Season them with salt - "Let your conversation always be gracious and attractive" +* **Let your words always be with grace. Season them with salt ** - "Let your conversation always be gracious and attractive" * **know how you should answer** - "you should know how to answer questions about Jesus Christ to anyone." diff --git a/col/04/07.md b/col/04/07.md index 7028c6ffc..40950456d 100644 --- a/col/04/07.md +++ b/col/04/07.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **make known to you everything concerning me ** - "tell you everything that has been happening to me" (See: UDB) * **make known to you ** - The "you" refers to the Colossian believers. * **everything concerning me ** - This pronoun is refers to the apostle Paul. -* **fellow-slave ** - Though Paul is a freeman, he sees himself as a servant of Christ and sees Tychicus as a fellow servant. It can be translated as "fellow servant." +* **fellow-slave ** - slave ** - Though Paul is a freeman, he sees himself as a servant of Christ and sees Tychicus as a fellow servant. AT: "fellow servant." * **may know about us** - The word "us" refers to Paul and his co-workers but not the Colossian Believers. * **may encourage your hearts** - "your hearts" is an expression for the person. "may encourage you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **Onesimus ** - Onesimus was a slave of Philemon in Colossae. He stole money from Philemon and ran away to Rome where he became a Christian through the ministry of Paul. Now Tychicus and Onesimus are the ones bringing Paul's letter to Colossae. diff --git a/col/04/10.md b/col/04/10.md index 644970ac4..57614726d 100644 --- a/col/04/10.md +++ b/col/04/10.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **Aristarchus ** - He was in prison with Paul in Ephesus when Paul wrote this letter to the Colossians. * **"If he comes** - "if Mark comes" * **Jesus who is called Justus ** - This is a man who also worked with Paul. -* **These alone of the circumcision are my fellow-workers for the kingdom of God​ ** - "These three men are the only Jewish believers working with me to proclaim God as king through Christ Jesus" (UDB) +* **These alone of the circumcision are my fellow-workers for the kingdom of God​ ** - workers for the kingdom of God​ ** - "These three men are the only Jewish believers working with me to proclaim God as king through Christ Jesus" (UDB) * **These alone of the circumcision** - "These men, Aristarchus, Mark, and Justus, alone of the circumcision" diff --git a/col/04/15.md b/col/04/15.md index 06b27f4d8..82878abb7 100644 --- a/col/04/15.md +++ b/col/04/15.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ * **Greet the brothers ** - "Greet the fellow believers" * **in Laodicea ** - A city very close to Colossae where there was also a church. -* **Nympha, and the church that is in her house ** - A woman named Nympha hosted a house church in Laodicea. This could be translated as "Nympha and the group of believers that meets in her house". (UDB) -* **read among you** - The word "you refers to the colossian believers. +* **Nympha, and the church that is in her house ** - A woman named Nympha hosted a house church in Laodicea. AT: "Nympha and the group of believers that meets in her house". (UDB) +* **read among you** - The word "you" refers to the colossian believers. * **Say to Archippus, "Look to the ministry that you have received in the Lord, that you should fulfill it."​** - Paul was reminding Archippus of his task God had given him and that he, Archippus, is under obligation to the Lord to fulfill it. diff --git a/col/04/18.md b/col/04/18.md index c9cfa2a43..653de5df2 100644 --- a/col/04/18.md +++ b/col/04/18.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This greeting is in my own hand--PAUL** - Paul wanted the Colossian believers to know that this letter was from him. -* **Remember my chains** - This can be translated as "Remember me and pray for me while I am in prison". +* **This greeting is in my own hand--PAUL** - -PAUL** - Paul wanted the Colossian believers to know that this letter was from him. +* **Remember my chains** - AT: "Remember me and pray for me while I am in prison". diff --git a/dan/01/03.md b/dan/01/03.md index 349d71d17..4a8440534 100644 --- a/dan/01/03.md +++ b/dan/01/03.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Ashpenaz** - the chief official (See: [[:en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:other:names]]) +* **Ashpenaz** - the chief official (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **nobility** - highest social class * **without blemish** - "who appeared perfect" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **filled with knowledge and understanding** - who know much and can organize and use that information (See: [[:en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:figures:idiom]]) +* **filled with knowledge and understanding** - who know much and can organize and use that information (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **king's palace** - where the king lives. * **He was to teach them** - Ashpenaz was to teach them * **delicacies** - special, rare, good foods diff --git a/dan/01/06.md b/dan/01/06.md index 1758c622b..7e61cc158 100644 --- a/dan/01/06.md +++ b/dan/01/06.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **The chief official** - This refers to Ashpenaz who was King Nebuchadnezzar's highest official. -* **Beltesharrar ... Shadrach ... Meshach ... Abednego** - (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:other:names]]) +* **Beltesharrar ... Shadrach ... Meshach ... Abednego** - (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/dan/01/08.md b/dan/01/08.md index 897545df5..4bb3ae2e4 100644 --- a/dan/01/08.md +++ b/dan/01/08.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **delicacies** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:01]]. -* **The king might have my head** - AT: "The king might kill me." (See: [[:en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:figures:idiom]]) -* [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:06]]: [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:06?do=diff&rev2[0]=1444074867&rev2[1]=1444228977&difftype=sidebyside]] -* [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:08]]: [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:08?do=diff&rev2[0]=1444163549&rev2[1]=1444176008&difftype=sidebyside]] ]] ]] -* [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:11]]: [[:en:bible:notes:dan:01:11?do=diff&rev2[0]=1444163513&rev2[1]=1444176436&difftype=sidebyside]] ]] +* **The king might have my head** - AT: "The king might kill me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* review]] +* review]] ]] ]] +* review]] ]] diff --git a/dan/01/17.md b/dan/01/17.md index f0d10dfc4..eafbd1d4e 100644 --- a/dan/01/17.md +++ b/dan/01/17.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God gave them knowledge and insight in** - AT: "God gave them the ability to learn and understand clearly" (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:abstract-nouns]]) +* **God gave them knowledge and insight in** - AT: "God gave them the ability to learn and understand clearly" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_abstractnouns]]) diff --git a/dan/02/01.md b/dan/02/01.md index aad757f82..e4b64ceb1 100644 --- a/dan/02/01.md +++ b/dan/02/01.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In the second year** - "In year two" (See: Ordinal Numbers) +* **In the second year** - "In year two" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_ordinal]]) * **he had dreams** - Nebuchadnezzar had dreams. * **Then the king summoned the magicians** - "Then the king called the magicians" * **the dead** - "people who had died" diff --git a/dan/02/03.md b/dan/02/03.md index 70b57597d..96318327d 100644 --- a/dan/02/03.md +++ b/dan/02/03.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **Aramaic ** - This is the language that people in Babylon spoke. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **King, live forever!** - The men probably said this to show the king that they were loyal to him. AT: "King, we hope you will live forever." * **us, your servants** - The men called themselves the king's servants to show him respect. -* **we will reveal** - Here the word "we" refers to the men that the king is speaking to and does not include the king. (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:we-exclusive]]) +* **we will reveal** - Here the word "we" refers to the men that the king is speaking to and does not include the king. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) diff --git a/dan/02/31.md b/dan/02/31.md index 1045200ce..86e5be98c 100644 --- a/dan/02/31.md +++ b/dan/02/31.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * Daniel continues talking to the king. * **was made of fine gold** - "was of fine gold" or "was fine gold" -* **were made partly of iron and partly of clay** - were made partly of iron and partly of clay- "were partly of iron and partly of clay" or "were partly iron and partly clay" +* **were made partly of iron and partly of clay** - "were partly of iron and partly of clay" or "were partly iron and partly clay" diff --git a/dan/02/39.md b/dan/02/39.md index 4c286f741..9484f2561 100644 --- a/dan/02/39.md +++ b/dan/02/39.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * Daniel continues talking to the king. * **another kingdom will arise** - AT: "another kingdom, which is of silver, will arise" or "another kingdom, which is represented by the silver parts of the statue, will arise" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **yet a third kingdom of bronze** - "yet kingdom number three, which is of bronze," or "then still another kingdom, which is represented by the bronze parts of the statue" (See: Ordinal Numbers and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **yet a third kingdom of bronze** - "yet kingdom number three, which is of bronze," or "then still another kingdom, which is represented by the bronze parts of the statue" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_ordinal]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/dan/02/40.md b/dan/02/40.md index 1f7c4ef7a..54ed29a3f 100644 --- a/dan/02/40.md +++ b/dan/02/40.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Daniel continues talking to the king. -* **There will be a fourth kingdom** - "There will be a kingdom number four" (See: Ordinal Numbers) +* **There will be a fourth kingdom** - "There will be a kingdom number four" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_ordinal]]) diff --git a/dan/02/46.md b/dan/02/46.md index 807993d9e..a8677d794 100644 --- a/dan/02/46.md +++ b/dan/02/46.md @@ -13,6 +13,5 @@ * **fell on his face** - AT: "lay down with his face on the ground" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Truly your God** - "It is true that your God" -* **the one who reveals secrets** - the one who reveals secrets -* See how you translated "the one who reveals secrets" in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:02:29]]. +* **the one who reveals secrets** - See how you translated "the one who reveals secrets" in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:02:29]]. * **to reveal this mystery** - "to reveal the mystery of my dream" diff --git a/dan/04/28.md b/dan/04/28.md index b2d999bdf..9d3dfc667 100644 --- a/dan/04/28.md +++ b/dan/04/28.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **twelve months** - twelve months- "12 months" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **twelve months** - "12 months" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/dan/05/29.md b/dan/05/29.md index 30c5daa43..5c593a7fb 100644 --- a/dan/05/29.md +++ b/dan/05/29.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **the third highest ruler** - "ruler 3" -* **when he was about sixty-two years old** - "when he was about 62 years old" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **when he was about sixty-two years old** - two years old** - "when he was about 62 years old" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/dan/06/01.md b/dan/06/01.md index f6c9a8cac..fb8f7b988 100644 --- a/dan/06/01.md +++ b/dan/06/01.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **120 provincial governors** - (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **so that the king should suffer no loss** - "so that nothing should be stolen from the king" or "so that no one would steal anything from the king" * **Over them** - The word "them" refers to the provincial governors. +* **so that the king should suffer no loss** - "so that nothing should be stolen from the king" or "so that no one would steal anything from the king" * **was distinguished above** - "excelled above" or "was more capable than" * **extraordinary** - "impressive" or "excellent" * **to put him over** - "to give him authority over" or "to put him in charge of" diff --git a/dan/06/08.md b/dan/06/08.md index 183740815..b7ff5fb0d 100644 --- a/dan/06/08.md +++ b/dan/06/08.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **as directed by the laws** - "according to the laws" * **cannot be repealed** - "cannot be canceled" -* **making the edict into a law** - "making the order into a law" +* **making the decree into a law** - "making the order into a law" diff --git a/dan/06/15.md b/dan/06/15.md index 0143b580f..6d1fe90b5 100644 --- a/dan/06/15.md +++ b/dan/06/15.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **no edict or statute that the king issues can be changed** - An additional sentence may be added here to aid in understanding. AT: "They must throw Daniel into the pit of lions." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) +* **no decree or statute that the king issues can be changed** - An additional sentence may be added here to aid in understanding. AT: "They must throw Daniel into the pit of lions." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicitinfo]]) diff --git a/dan/07/01.md b/dan/07/01.md index 1c7ae8d6b..638654212 100644 --- a/dan/07/01.md +++ b/dan/07/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ * **Belshazzar** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **a dream and visions** - The words “dream” and “visions” both refer to the same dream that is described in this chapter. AT: “visions while he was dreaming”. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **the four winds of heaven** - "winds from everywhere" or "strong winds from all four directions" (UDB) -* **stirring up** - "whipped up" or "agitated" or "caused high waves" +* **stirring up** - "whipped up" or "agitated" or "caused high waves in" diff --git a/dan/07/04.md b/dan/07/04.md index a09d0fd68..7ad2b9b86 100644 --- a/dan/07/04.md +++ b/dan/07/04.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **it was lifted from the ground and made to stand on two feet, like a man** - AT: "someone made it stand on two feet like a human being" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **The mind of a man was given to it** - AT: "Someone gave it a mind like humans have" -* **ribs - ** - large curved bones that protect the chest of a person or animal +* **ribs - ** - ** large curved bones that protect the chest of a person or animal diff --git a/dan/07/08.md b/dan/07/08.md index 056c4e897..d33614f24 100644 --- a/dan/07/08.md +++ b/dan/07/08.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* Daniel continues to describe his vision of the fourth animal that the saw in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:06]]. * **the horns** - Translators may write a footnote like this: “Horns are a symbol of power and represent powerful leaders.” * **Three of the first horns were wrenched out by the roots** - AT: "The little horn tore out three of the first horns" or "Someone tore out three of the first horns" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **a mouth that boasted about great things** - AT: “the horn had a mouth and spoke boastfully about great things” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/dan/07/09.md b/dan/07/09.md index 661faf163..125f6e4e7 100644 --- a/dan/07/09.md +++ b/dan/07/09.md @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* Daniel continues to describe his vision of the response in heaven to the fourth animal that the saw in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:06]]. * **thrones were set in place** - AT: "someone set thrones in their places" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the Ancient of Days** - This is a title for God that means he is eternal. AT: "the One Who Has Lived Forever" or "the One Who Has Always Lived" * **took his seat ... His clothing ... the hair on his head** - This passage describes God as sitting down, with clothing and hair like a person. This does not mean that God really is like this, but it is how Daniel saw God in a vision. diff --git a/dan/07/10.md b/dan/07/10.md index e174b5515..e19690df1 100644 --- a/dan/07/10.md +++ b/dan/07/10.md @@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes +* Daniel continues to describe his vision of the response in heaven to the fourth animal that the saw in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:06]]. * **A river of fire flowed out before him** - The quick way in which fire came from the presence of God is compared to how water flows in a river. AT: "Fire was rushing out in front of him like a stream" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **before him** - The word "him refers to God, the Ancient of Days from [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:09]]. +* **before him** - The word "him" refers to God, the Ancient of Days from [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:09]]. * **millions** - AT: “thousands of thousands” or “great numbers of people” * **one hundred million** - AT: “tens of thousands times tens of thousands” or “uncountable numbers of people” * **The court was in session** - This means that God, the judge, was ready to investigate the evidence and make his judgment. AT: "The judge was ready to judge" or "The judge was seated" diff --git a/dan/07/13.md b/dan/07/13.md index ebd0cbd6d..b194a608d 100644 --- a/dan/07/13.md +++ b/dan/07/13.md @@ -19,4 +19,5 @@ * **and was presented before him** - AT: "and they presented this son of man before the Ancient of Days" or "and he stood before him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the Ancient of Days** - See how you translated this title in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:09]] * **Authority to rule and glory and royal power were given to him** - AT: "The one who looked like a son of man received authority to rule, glory, and royal power" +* **royal power** - This here refers to "authority." * **that will never be destroyed** - AT: "that no one will ever destroy" diff --git a/dan/07/15.md b/dan/07/15.md index d7762ad66..5adb5728c 100644 --- a/dan/07/15.md +++ b/dan/07/15.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my spirit was grieved ... my mind troubled me** - These two phrases show two different aspects of how Daniel felt. They are next to each other to make both feelings strengthen one another. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **my spirit was grieved ... the visions in my mind troubled me** - These two phrases describe how Daniel was feeling. The second one gives more information about the first one, explaining about his grieved spirit. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **one of them standing there** - This is one of the heavenly beings who were standing before God's throne (UDB). Possible meanings 1) these are angels, spirits who serve God 2) these are people who have died and are now in heaven. * **to show me** - "to tell me" (UDB) or "to explain to me" * **these things** - AT: "the things I had seen" diff --git a/dan/07/25.md b/dan/07/25.md index 4c9838b32..a2c6ec2d4 100644 --- a/dan/07/25.md +++ b/dan/07/25.md @@ -18,4 +18,5 @@ * **one year, two years, and half a year** - This means "three and half years" (UDB). This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. Try to translate it in a way that preserves this way of counting. AT: "One year plus two years plus six months" * **the court will be in session** - This means that the judge will be ready to investigate evidence and make his judgment. AT: “The judge will judge” or “The judge will sit down” * **they will take his royal power away** - AT: "the members of the court will take the royal power away from the newest king" +* **royal power** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:13]]. * **to be consumed and destroyed at the end** - AT: "and consume and destroy it in the end" or "and in the end his royal power will be completely destroyed" diff --git a/dan/08/03.md b/dan/08/03.md index 4ceb0aeba..dd06249eb 100644 --- a/dan/08/03.md +++ b/dan/08/03.md @@ -5,5 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **but the longer ... in length by it** - "but the longer one grew so slowly, that for a time, the shorter one was long than it" +* **but the longer ... in length by it** - AT: “but the longer one grew more slowly than the shorter one, and the shorter one grew to be even longer than it” * **I saw the ram charging** - "I saw the ram rushing" or "I saw the ram running very quickly" +* **to rescue anyone out of his hand** - "to rescue anyone from him" or "to rescue anyone from his power" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/dan/08/22.md b/dan/08/22.md index dfd7f354e..def5c512c 100644 --- a/dan/08/22.md +++ b/dan/08/22.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **As for the horn that was broken ... four others arose** - "Where the large horn was broken off, four others arose" * **but not with his great power** - "but not with the great power that the king represented by the long horn had" * **shall have reached their limit** - "have reached their full" or "have run their course" -* **grim-faced** - This means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey. +* **grim-faced** - faced** - This means someone who looks defiant, or like he will refuse to obey. diff --git a/dan/09/03.md b/dan/09/03.md index e00c483a0..8a56a5b63 100644 --- a/dan/09/03.md +++ b/dan/09/03.md @@ -33,6 +33,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I turned my face to the Lord God** - "I focused my attention on the Lord God" or "I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God" (See: [[:en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:figures:synecdoche]]) +* **I turned my face to the Lord God** - "I focused my attention on the Lord God" or "I directed my thoughts toward the Lord God" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **I made confession of our sins** - "I confessed our sins" * **keeps covenant and faithfulness with those** - "does what he said he would do in his covenant and is faithful to those" diff --git a/dan/09/07.md b/dan/09/07.md index 3cb90eacf..97cd06a89 100644 --- a/dan/09/07.md +++ b/dan/09/07.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Daniel continues praying to the Lord about the people of Israel. -* **To us today** - The word "us" includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:we-exclusive]]) +* **To us today** - The word "us" includes Daniel and the Israelites, but it does not include God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **because of the great treachery that we committed** - AT: "because we greatly betrayed you" or "because we were very unfaithful to you" (UDB) diff --git a/dan/09/15.md b/dan/09/15.md index 6352830c5..852823f2a 100644 --- a/dan/09/15.md +++ b/dan/09/15.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ * **with a mighty hand** - AT: "with great strength" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **still we sinned; we have done wicked things** - The two clauses mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how bad sin is. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **we sinned; we have done wicked things** - Daniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, not God. (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:we-exclusive]]) +* **we sinned; we have done wicked things** - Daniel and Israel sinned and did wicked things, not God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **all your righteousness** - "your great righteousness" * **your anger and your wrath** - The words "anger" and "wrath" mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize how dangerous God can be. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **the mountain of your holiness** - The word "holiness" here may refer to God's holy temple. AT: "the mountain where your holy temple is" or "your holy mountain". diff --git a/dan/09/24.md b/dan/09/24.md index d078d71a4..a3efd8015 100644 --- a/dan/09/24.md +++ b/dan/09/24.md @@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Seventy sevens of years are decreed for your people and your holy city to** - God decreed that he would do the things in this verse for the people and the holy city. -* **Seventy sevens of years ... seven sevens ... and sixty-two sevens** - This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. AT: "Seventy times seven years ... seven times seven years ... and sixty-two times seven years" -* **seven sevens … and sixty-two sevens** - These added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24. +* **Seventy sevens of years ... seven sevens ... and sixty-two sevens** - two sevens** - This is not the normal way the Israelites counted. If possible, try to translate in a way that preserves this use of the number seven. AT: "Seventy times seven years ... seven times seven years ... and sixty-two times seven years" +* **seven sevens … and sixty-two sevens** - two sevens** - These added together are 69 of the 70 sevens spoken of in verse 24. * **your people and your holy city** - The word "your" here refers to Daniel. The people are the Israelites and the holy city is Jerusalem. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **to end the guilt and put an end to sin** - The idea is repeated to emphasize how certain it is that this will happen. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **to carry out the vision** - AT: "to accomplish the vision" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/dan/09/26.md b/dan/09/26.md index 091af82c0..4b060faf6 100644 --- a/dan/09/26.md +++ b/dan/09/26.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **sixty-two sevens** - See how you translated this number in [[en:bible:notes:dan:09:24]]. +* **sixty-two sevens** - two sevens** - See how you translated this number in [[en:bible:notes:dan:09:24]]. * **the anointed one will be destroyed** - AT: "people will destroy the anointed one" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the anointed one** - See how you translated this title in [[en:bible:notes:dan:09:24]]. * **a coming ruler** - This is a foreign ruler, not "the anointed one." AT: "a foreign ruler who will come" or "a powerful ruler who will come" diff --git a/dan/10/01.md b/dan/10/01.md index 1bbdf7968..bb935966b 100644 --- a/dan/10/01.md +++ b/dan/10/01.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the third year of Cyrus king** - "year 3 of the rule of Cyrus the king." (See: Ordinal Numbers) +* **the third year of Cyrus king** - "year 3 of the rule of Cyrus the king." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_ordinal]]) * **a message was revealed to Daniel** - AT: "God revealed a word to Daniel" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **who was also called Belteshazzar** - AT: "whose name was also Belteshazzar" * **when he had insight from a vision** - AT: “when he gained understanding from a vision” diff --git a/dan/10/04.md b/dan/10/04.md index 43b113d4d..6b354d29c 100644 --- a/dan/10/04.md +++ b/dan/10/04.md @@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **on the twenty-fourth day of the first month - ** - AT: "on day 24 of month 1" +* **on the twenty-fourth day of the first month - ** - fourth day of the first month - ** AT: "on day 24 of month 1" * **with a belt around his waist** - AT: "He was wearing a belt" * **a belt around his waist made of pure gold from Uphaz** - "a belt of pure gold from Uphaz" * **Uphaz** - Uphaz is a place. Its location is not known (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **His body was like topaz-** - His body was like topaz- AT: "his body was the color of topaz, shining like a gemstone" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **His body was like topaz-** - ** AT: "his body was the color of topaz, shining like a gemstone" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **topaz** - a gemstone, also known as beryl, peridot, or chrysolite * **his face was like lightning** - AT: "his face shone with light as bright as the flash of lightning" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **his eyes were like flaming torches** - AT: "his eyes looked like they had torches burning bright inside them"(See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/dan/10/18.md b/dan/10/18.md index 7ee6517d7..eb4f3ad4f 100644 --- a/dan/10/18.md +++ b/dan/10/18.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **The one with an appearance like a human being ** - AT: The one who looked like a human" -* **Be strong now; be strong -** - The words "be strong" are repeated for emphasis. +* **Be strong now; be strong -** - ** The words "be strong" are repeated for emphasis. * **I was strengthened** - AT: "I became strong" diff --git a/dan/11/03.md b/dan/11/03.md index 7c6b6c45f..b2de851ec 100644 --- a/dan/11/03.md +++ b/dan/11/03.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * The angel continues speaking to Daniel. -* **A mighty king will rise up** - It can be made clear that this is in Greece. "A mighty king will appear in Greece" or "A mighty king will begin to reign" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **A mighty king will rise up** - "A mighty king will appear" or "A mighty king will begin to reign" * **who will rule a very great kingdom** - Possible meanings are 1) that the size of this kingdom would be very great, or 2) that the king would rule his kingdom with very great power. * **the four winds of heaven** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:dan:07:01]] * **it will not be given to his descendants** - AT: "his descendants will not rule his kingdom" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/dan/11/05.md b/dan/11/05.md index cf1255649..37bb44d22 100644 --- a/dan/11/05.md +++ b/dan/11/05.md @@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * The angel continues speaking to Daniel. -* **The king of the South** - It can be made clear that "the South" refers to Egypt. "The king of Egypt in the south" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **they will make an alliance** - "they will make an alliance with another king" or "they will make an alliance with the king of the North." This alliance would be a formal agreement that both nations are required to follow. AT: "the king of the South and the king of the North will promise to work together." -* **The daughter of the king of the South will come...to confirm the agreement** - The daughter of one king is given in marriage to the other king or his son. The marriage has the force of a contract between the two kings. -* **The king of the North** - It can be made clear that "the North" refers to Syria. "The king of Syria in the north" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **she will be abandoned** - AT: "they will abandon her" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **one of his commanders will become stronger than he and will rule an even greater kingdom** - A commander of the king of the South will become the king of the North. +* **they will make an alliance** - The king of the South will make an alliance with the king of the North. This alliance would be a formal agreement that both nations are required to follow. AT: "the king of the South and the king of the North will promise to work together." +* **The daughter of the king of the South will come...to confirm the agreement** - The king of the South will give his daughter in marriage the king of the North. The marriage will confirm the agreement between the two kings. +* **she will be abandoned** - AT: "they will abandon her." This appears to refer to a plot to kill her and those who made the alliance. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/dan/11/14.md b/dan/11/14.md index 9ae6b5b55..0520a9348 100644 --- a/dan/11/14.md +++ b/dan/11/14.md @@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ * The angel continues speaking to Daniel. * **many will rise against the king** - “many people will rebel against the king” +* **they will stumble and fall** - "they will not be able to resist the king, and they will die"" diff --git a/dan/11/23.md b/dan/11/23.md index 4cbfa65b2..02151825d 100644 --- a/dan/11/23.md +++ b/dan/11/23.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **an alliance is made with him** - AT: "he makes a peace treaty" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **From the time an alliance is made with him** - The word "him" refers to the king of the North. AT: "When he makes a peace treaty" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **spreading among his followers** - "giving to his followers" -* **the booty, the plunder, and the wealth** - This refers to valuable things that an army steals when it conquers a city or village. +* **the booty, the plunder, and the wealth** - This refers to valuable things that an army steals when it conquers a city or village. AT: "the valuable things that he and his army steal from the people they defeat" diff --git a/dan/11/25.md b/dan/11/25.md index 3afb547b8..ccc941e79 100644 --- a/dan/11/25.md +++ b/dan/11/25.md @@ -14,4 +14,7 @@ * **those who eat from the king's table** - This refers to the king's advisors. * **His army will be swept away like a flood** - "His enemy will defeat his army." See how you translated a similar phrase in [[en:bible:notes:dan:11:20]]. * **many of them will be killed** - AT: "the enemy will kill many of his soldiers" or "many of his soldiers will die in the battle" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **will sit at the same table** - They will meet together and try to make an agreement with each other. * **with their hearts set on evil against each other** - This means that they want to harm each other. +* **but for no purpose** - This means that they will not succeed in making an alliance with each other. +* **For the end will come at the time that has been fixed** - This tells why their meetings will not be successful. AT: The end of their fighting will only come at the time that God has fixed. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/dan/11/33.md b/dan/11/33.md index b55bf7ef5..35e915080 100644 --- a/dan/11/33.md +++ b/dan/11/33.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ * **will give understanding to many** - "will help many people understand" * **the will fall by the sword** - The word "sword" here is used to refer to battles. AT: "they will be killed in battle" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **they will be taken as prisoners and robbed of their possessions** - AT: "their enemies will put them in prison and steal their possessions" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **when they stumble ... the wise will stumble** - To "stumble" here means to be struck down by persecution. It does not imply that they sinned. * **that they may be refined, cleansed, and made pure** - AT: "that God may refine them, cleanse them, and make them pure" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **time of the end** - "end of time" or "when time is no more" * **the appointed time is still to come** - AT: "the appointed time will be later" or "it is not yet the appointed" diff --git a/dan/12/05.md b/dan/12/05.md index d9d0bf382..d4e583ead 100644 --- a/dan/12/05.md +++ b/dan/12/05.md @@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the end of these amazing events** - "until after these amazing events happen" -* **the man clothed in linen** - This refers to the man who has been speaking to Daniel, not to one of the men standing beside the river. +* The angel has finished speaking, and Daniel goes on to tell what he saw next in this vision that began in [[en:bible:notes:dan:10:04]]. +* **"How long will it be to the end of these amazing events?"** - AT: "How long will these amazing events happen" or "How long will these amazing events last?" +* **the man clothed in linen** - This refers to the man who has been speaking to Daniel, not to one of the men that were standing beside the river. diff --git a/dan/12/07.md b/dan/12/07.md index 5041a8923..0b4842e28 100644 --- a/dan/12/07.md +++ b/dan/12/07.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the man clothed in linen** - AT: "the man wearing linen clothes" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the one who lives forever** - "God who live forever" +* **the man clothed in linen** - AT: "the man who was wearing linen clothes" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the one who lives forever** - "God, who lives forever" * **When the shattering of the power of the holy people comes to an end** - AT: "When those who break the power of the holy people are finished" * **all these things will be completed** - AT: "all these things will have happened" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/deu/01/03.md b/deu/01/03.md index a98bdd0dc..255a30300 100644 --- a/deu/01/03.md +++ b/deu/01/03.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ * **It happened in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spoke** - "They had lived in the wilderness 40 years, 11 months, and 1 day, when Moses spoke" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **Sihon...Og** - These are names of kings. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Heshbon...Ashtaroth at Edrei** - These are names of cities. +* **Heshbon...Ashtaroth at Edrei** - These are names of cities. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/deu/01/07.md b/deu/01/07.md index 972714bff..5ffe0a932 100644 --- a/deu/01/07.md +++ b/deu/01/07.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues to remind the people of Israel what Yahweh said to them. -* **take your journey** - "set out on a journey" +* **take your journey** - AT: "set out on a journey" * **hill country...Euphrates River** - Yahweh is describing which areas are a part of the land that he has promised to give to the Israelites. * **hill country** - the areas in the hills around the place where the Amorites lived -* **lowland** - an area of low hills between the high hill country and the planes near the coast. +* **lowland** - an area of low hills between the high hill country and the planes near the coast diff --git a/deu/01/09.md b/deu/01/09.md index c0fc47a97..fa728da85 100644 --- a/deu/01/09.md +++ b/deu/01/09.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I spoke to you at that time** - Here "I" refers to Moses. The phrase "at the time" refers to when the Israelites were at Horeb, which is the same as Mount Sinai. AT: "Also, when we were at Horeb, I spoke to you" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **I am not able to carry you myself alone** - "I cannot take care of all of you by myself" +* **I spoke to you at that time** - Here "I" refers to Moses. The phrase "at that time" refers to when the Israelites were at Horeb, which is the same as Mount Sinai. AT: "Also, when we were at Horeb, I spoke to you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **I am not able to carry you myself alone** - AT: "I cannot take care of all of you by myself" * **as the stars of heaven for multitude** - This is an exaggeration to show that God has been faithful to his promise by making it so that there are lots of Israelites. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **thousand** - AT: 1,000 (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **thousand** - "1,000" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/deu/01/12.md b/deu/01/12.md index 545ceba91..2372dc09c 100644 --- a/deu/01/12.md +++ b/deu/01/12.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **But how can I myself alone carry your loads, your burdens, and your disputes?** - Moses uses a question to emphasize that he cannot solve every person's problems by himself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **your loads, your burdens** - This means the people's problems and complaints are like a heavy load that Moses cannot carry alone. He needs others to help him. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **your disputes** - "your arguments" or "your disagreements" -* **and men of good repute, tribe by tribe** - "and men that the people from each of your tribes know and respect" +* **and men of good repute, tribe by tribe** - AT: "and men that the people from each of your tribes know and respect" diff --git a/deu/01/15.md b/deu/01/15.md index 6e7461e02..0fa3126a9 100644 --- a/deu/01/15.md +++ b/deu/01/15.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **and men of good repute** - "and men that the people respect" -* **of thousands...of hundreds...of fifties...of tens** - "of groups of 1,000...of groups of 100...of groups of 50...and groups of 10" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **captain...officers** - These are titles for different positions in Israel's government. The officer had less authority than the captains. -* **tribe by tribe** - "from each of your tribes" -* **judge righteously between a man and his brother** - "make right and fair decisions for each man and his fellow Israelite" +* **and men of good repute** - AT: "and men that the people respect" +* **of thousands...of hundreds...of fifties...of tens** - AT: "of groups of 1,000...of groups of 100...of groups of 50...and groups of 10" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **captains...officers** - These are titles for different positions in Israel's government. The officer had less authority than the captains. +* **tribe by tribe** - AT: "from each of your tribes" +* **judge righteously between a man and his brother** - AT: "make right and fair decisions for each man and his fellow Israelite" diff --git a/deu/01/17.md b/deu/01/17.md index 839834ba0..4e43852c4 100644 --- a/deu/01/17.md +++ b/deu/01/17.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * Moses continues speaking to the judges. * **small and the great alike** - These are the rich and poor, the important and the common people. All are to be treated fairly. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) -* **you must not be afraid of the face of man** - do not be intimidated by anyone. AT: "you must not be afraid of anyone". +* **you must not be afraid of the face of man** - AT: "you must not be afraid of anyone" * **at that time** - AT: "when we were at Horeb" or "when we were at Mount Sinai" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/deu/01/25.md b/deu/01/25.md index dfe2eb089..27cfe0d9f 100644 --- a/deu/01/25.md +++ b/deu/01/25.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. * **They took some** - "The 12 men took some" -* **brought us word** - "gave us an oral report" +* **brought us word** - AT: "gave us an oral report" diff --git a/deu/01/26.md b/deu/01/26.md index 6c187ae7f..7eac49a2b 100644 --- a/deu/01/26.md +++ b/deu/01/26.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. -* **Yet you refused to attack** - Israel was to attack and destroy the Amorites but Israel rebelled and refused to fight them out of fear. +* **Yet you refused to attack** - Israel was to attack and destroy the Amorites, but Israel rebelled and refused to fight them out of fear. * **Where can we go now?** - The people use a question to emphasize their despair. AT: "We have nowhere to go" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **made our hearts to melt** - AT: "made us very afraid" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **and are fortified up to the heavens** - This is an exaggeration that emphasizes how frightened the people were because the cities were so large and strong. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/deu/01/29.md b/deu/01/29.md index 0827206ed..103ac13f9 100644 --- a/deu/01/29.md +++ b/deu/01/29.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. * **before your eyes** - AT: "which you yourselves saw" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Yahweh your God carried you, as a man carries his son** - AT: "Yahweh your God took care of you, like a father takes care of his son" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **until you came to this place** - "until you came to this land that God promised to give you" +* **until you came to this place** - AT: "until you came to this land that God promised to give you" diff --git a/deu/01/32.md b/deu/01/32.md index b91891f5c..8c4839a0f 100644 --- a/deu/01/32.md +++ b/deu/01/32.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues reminding the people of Israel what the previous generation of Israelites did. -* **Yahweh!—who went before you...** - Moses reminds them of all the ways Yahweh had gone ahead of Israel in all their travels and should have continued to trust Him in Battle. +* **Yahweh!—who went before you...** - Moses reminds them of all the ways Yahweh had gone ahead of Israel in all their travels and that they should have continued to trust him in battle. diff --git a/deu/06/01.md b/deu/06/01.md index 8fe5a01b3..d77370e1d 100644 --- a/deu/06/01.md +++ b/deu/06/01.md @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* Moses continues the speech he begin in [[:en:bible:notes:deu:05:01]]. * **commanded me to teach you** - Moses is speaking to the people of Israel. * **going over the Jordan** - "going over the Jordan River" -* **that your days may be prolonged** - to extend or to increase. AT: "That you live long lives." +* **that your days may be prolonged** - AT: "that you live long lives" diff --git a/deu/06/03.md b/deu/06/03.md index 3cbc471a1..80063081d 100644 --- a/deu/06/03.md +++ b/deu/06/03.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel. -* **listen to them** - "listen to Yahweh's commandments, statutes and decrees". To "listen" in this case is to obey. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **a land flowing with milk and honey** - "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow." This means that the land will be rich and productive, so there will be enough food for everyone. AT: "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **listen to them** - To "listen" in this case is to obey. AT: "listen to Yahweh's commandments, statutes, and decrees" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **a land flowing with milk and honey** - This means that the land will be rich and productive, so there will be enough food for everyone. AT: "a land where plenty of milk and honey flow" or "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/deu/06/04.md b/deu/06/04.md index cc6de5246..e8fcf172e 100644 --- a/deu/06/04.md +++ b/deu/06/04.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Yahweh our God is one** - Our God Yahweh is the one and only God. +* **Yahweh our God is one** - AT: "Our God Yahweh is the one and only God" diff --git a/deu/06/06.md b/deu/06/06.md index d39984a72..cd6139c20 100644 --- a/deu/06/06.md +++ b/deu/06/06.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **I am commanding you** - Moses is speaking God's commandments to the people of Israel. * **will be in your heart** - AT: "you must always remember" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **will diligently teach them ** - God's commandments are to be discussed anytime, anywhere. They are not just for the priests and levites to speak. +* **will diligently teach them ** - God's commandments are to be discussed anytime, anywhere. They are not just for the priests and Levites to speak. diff --git a/deu/06/10.md b/deu/06/10.md index b3f57add8..0bd34654f 100644 --- a/deu/06/10.md +++ b/deu/06/10.md @@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* ** large and very good cities that you did not build...** - All these thing will be the spoils of Israel conquering the land. +* ** large and very good cities that you did not build...** - All these things will be the spoils of Israel conquering the land. * **out of the house of bondage** - AT: "out of the place where you were slaves" diff --git a/deu/06/13.md b/deu/06/13.md index f201ee8b6..1c7415953 100644 --- a/deu/06/13.md +++ b/deu/06/13.md @@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **you will swear by his name** - When one makes a promise he would invoke God's name to keep him accountable to that promise. -* **in the midst of you** - "who lives among you" -* **lest the anger of Yahweh your God is kindled against you and he destroy you** - "otherwise Yahweh your God will become very angry and destroy you" +* **in the midst of you** - AT: "who lives among you" +* **lest the anger of Yahweh your God is kindled against you and he destroy you** - AT: "otherwise Yahweh your God will become very angry and destroy you" diff --git a/deu/06/24.md b/deu/06/24.md index eeaa6c5fe..9d99f9aa6 100644 --- a/deu/06/24.md +++ b/deu/06/24.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues telling the people of Israel what they should tell their children about Yahweh's commandments. -* **before Yahweh** - "in the presence of Yahweh" -* **this will be our righteousness** - "he will consider us righteous" +* **before Yahweh** - AT: "in the presence of Yahweh" +* **this will be our righteousness** - AT: "he will consider us righteous" diff --git a/deu/07/04.md b/deu/07/04.md index d5346c59e..7bb54f931 100644 --- a/deu/07/04.md +++ b/deu/07/04.md @@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For they will** - Those people who Israel may let live instead of obeying God by killing everyone. "For the people from the other nations will" -* **So the anger of Yahweh will be kindled against you** - "Then Yahweh will become very angry with you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **For they will** - Those people who Israel may let live instead of obeying God by killing everyone. AT: "For the people from the other nations will" +* **So the anger of Yahweh will be kindled against you** - AT: "Then Yahweh will become very angry with you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/deu/07/06.md b/deu/07/06.md index 3e1a0d72e..f5874705e 100644 --- a/deu/07/06.md +++ b/deu/07/06.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **that are on the face of the earth** - "that live on the earth" +* **that are on the face of the earth** - AT: "that live on the earth" diff --git a/deu/07/07.md b/deu/07/07.md index ff0e8d8e3..6908c96d0 100644 --- a/deu/07/07.md +++ b/deu/07/07.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **did not set his love upon you** - "did not love you" +* **did not set his love upon you** - AT: "did not love you" * **with a mighty hand** - AT: "with his mighty power" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **house of bondage** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:deu:06:10]]. * **hand of Pharaoh** - "control of Pharaoh" diff --git a/deu/07/12.md b/deu/07/12.md index f6cc9159d..d134f93bc 100644 --- a/deu/07/12.md +++ b/deu/07/12.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **and multiply you** - "and increase the number of your people" +* **and multiply you** - AT: "and increase the number of your people" * **the fruit of your body** - AT: "your children" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **the fruit of your ground** - "your crops" -* **the multiplication of your cattle** - "the calves of your cattle" +* **the fruit of your ground** - AT: "your crops" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **the multiplication of your cattle** - AT: "the calves of your cattle" diff --git a/deu/07/14.md b/deu/07/14.md index 0e5bf303f..dbe6c7307 100644 --- a/deu/07/14.md +++ b/deu/07/14.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **there will not be a childless male or barren female among you or among your cattle** - Moses uses a negative statement to emphasize that they all will be able to have offspring. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **there will not be a childless male or barren female among you or among your cattle** - Moses uses a negative statement to emphasize that they all will be able to have children. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/deu/07/17.md b/deu/07/17.md index 85fdcb6f7..54aa98461 100644 --- a/deu/07/17.md +++ b/deu/07/17.md @@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **If you say in your heart** - "If you say to yourself" or "If you say" -* **how can I dispossess them?** - Moses uses a questions to emphasize that the people may feel afraid of the other nations. AT: "I cannot defeat them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **If you say in your heart** - AT: "If you say to yourself" or "If you say" +* **how can I dispossess them?** - Moses uses a question to emphasize that the people may feel afraid of the other nations. AT: "I cannot defeat them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **you will call to mind** - "you must remember" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **that your eyes saw** - AT: "that you saw" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **the mighty hand and the display of power** - AT: "and the mighty power" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **the mighty hand, and the display of power** - AT: "and the mighty power" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/deu/07/20.md b/deu/07/20.md index 69fffecf6..d4b0aa24d 100644 --- a/deu/07/20.md +++ b/deu/07/20.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Moreover** - "And also" -* **send the hornet** - possible meanings are 1) God will send actual flying insects that sting people and cause pain or 2) God will cause a great fear to fall on the people so that they become terrified. -* **a great and fearsome God** - "a great and awesome God" or "a great God who causes the people to fear" +* **send the hornet** - possible meanings are 1) God will send actual flying insects that sting people and cause pain, or 2) God will cause a great fear to fall on the people so that they become terrified. +* **a great and fearsome God** - AT: "a great and awesome God" or "a great God who causes the people to fear" * **little by little** - "slowly" diff --git a/deu/07/23.md b/deu/07/23.md index a57ffc36c..bf3fee78b 100644 --- a/deu/07/23.md +++ b/deu/07/23.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **victory over them** - "victory over the armies from the other nations" * **until they are destroyed** - AT: "until you destroy them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **you will make their name perish from under heaven** - This means the Israelites will completely destroy all the people from those nations and in the future no one will even remember them. +* **you will make their name perish from under heaven** - This means the Israelites will completely destroy all the people from those nations, and in the future no one will remember them. * **stand before you** - "stand against you" diff --git a/deu/07/25.md b/deu/07/25.md index 5943f53a5..77b970fa4 100644 --- a/deu/07/25.md +++ b/deu/07/25.md @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **their god** - "of the gods of the other nations" +* **their god** - AT: "the gods of the other nations" * **and you become trapped by it** - This means taking the idols for the gold or silver could cause the people to start worshiping the idols. This will lead them to ruin like an animal caught in a hunter's trap. AT: "and it becomes a trap to you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **for it is detestable to Yahweh your God** - "for Yahweh your God hates it very much" +* **for it is detestable to Yahweh your God** - AT: "for Yahweh your God hates it very much" * **You will utterly detest and abhor** - The words "detest" and "abhor" mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. AT: "You will absolutely detest" or "You will completely hate" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **for it is set apart for destruction** - AT: "for Yahweh has set it apart so that he may destroy it" diff --git a/deu/18/01.md b/deu/18/01.md index d74a98afb..667601a45 100644 --- a/deu/18/01.md +++ b/deu/18/01.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues telling the people what Yahweh wants them to do. -* **no portion - ** - "no part" or "no share" +* **no portion - ** - **"no part" or "no share" * **Yahweh is their inheritance** - "Yahweh is their possession" diff --git a/deu/18/06.md b/deu/18/06.md index 7bc1da4ff..6d3843309 100644 --- a/deu/18/06.md +++ b/deu/18/06.md @@ -14,6 +14,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **comes from any of your city gates out of all Israel** - "comes from any of your cities in Israel" -* **comes with all the desire of his soul** - AT: "comes with a strong desire within him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **his patrimony** - This is what the priest would inherit from his father. +* **desires with all his soul** - AT: "comes with a strong desire within him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **his family's inheritance** - This is what the priest would inherit from his father. diff --git a/deu/18/09.md b/deu/18/09.md index d2d8baab2..93fa69515 100644 --- a/deu/18/09.md +++ b/deu/18/09.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ * **learn to observe the disgusting things** - The religious activities of the surrounding nations are hated by God. He sees them as awful evil activities. * **There must not be found among you** - AT: "There must not be among you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **makes his son or his daughter to pass through the fire** - AT: "sacrifices his children by fire on an altar" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **augury** - the use of magic to predict the future. +* **augury** - the use of magic to predict the future * ** enchanter, or any sorcerer, any charmer...** - different types or kinds of people practicing magic forbidden by God. diff --git a/ecc/01/07.md b/ecc/01/07.md index 995832737..6cd65566a 100644 --- a/ecc/01/07.md +++ b/ecc/01/07.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Writer continues with natural order observations. -* **Everything becomes wearisome** - Everything becomes wearisome- Since man is unable to explain these things, it becomes futile to try. AT: "everything becomes tiring" +* **Everything becomes wearisome** - Since man is unable to explain these things, it becomes futile to try. AT: "everything becomes tiring" * **The eye is not satisfied by what it sees** - One can not simply deduce to a simple explanation what one sees. AT: "A person is not satisfied by what his eyes see" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **nor is the ear fulfilled by what it hears** - One can not simply deduce to a simple explanation what one hears. AT: "nor is a person content by what his ears hear" diff --git a/ecc/01/12.md b/ecc/01/12.md index a3c86af34..246b7b09a 100644 --- a/ecc/01/12.md +++ b/ecc/01/12.md @@ -18,5 +18,6 @@ * **to study and to search** - These two phrases mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **sons of men** - AT: "human beings" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **all the deeds that are done** - AT: "everything that people do" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **vapor** - "mist" or "breath." It does not last. AT: "temporary" or "worthless." What people do is like vapor because it does not last and is worthless. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **an attempt to shepherd the wind** - The Teacher says that the things that people do are like trying to catch the wind or to keep the wind from blowing. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **The twisted cannot be straightened! The missing cannot be counted!** - AT: "People cannot straighten things that are twisted! They cannot count what is not there!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/ecc/03/01.md b/ecc/03/01.md index 00c153e55..e8ccefddc 100644 --- a/ecc/03/01.md +++ b/ecc/03/01.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * The writer shifts into listing several merisms of life. * **For everything there is an appointed time, and a season for every purpose** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * ** born and...die ... kill and...heal** - These are various aspects of life as described from one extreme to the other. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) -* **a time to pull up plants** - Possible meanings are 1) "a time to harvest" or 2) "a time to weed" or "a time to uproot" +* **a time to pull up plants** - Possible meanings are 1) "a time to harvest" or 2) "a time to weed" or 3) "a time to uproot." diff --git a/ecc/03/21.md b/ecc/03/21.md index b4e3d0604..969d8d1c7 100644 --- a/ecc/03/21.md +++ b/ecc/03/21.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Who knows whether the spirit...into the earth?** - The writer is making a claim that animal do have a spirit. AT: "No one knows whether the spirit...into the earth." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Who knows whether the spirit...into the earth?** - The writer states that man does not know if the spirit of animals end up in a different or same place as the spirit of man does when they die. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **there is nothing better for anyone than to** - See how you translated this phrase in [[en:bible:notes:ecc:03:12]]. * **Who can bring...after him?** - No one has raised any person or animal from the dead. AT: "No one can bring...after him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/eph/01/01.md b/eph/01/01.md index 1665ed9fb..2aefbda55 100644 --- a/eph/01/01.md +++ b/eph/01/01.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This book is a letter from Paul to members of the church at Ephesus. -* **through the will of God ** - “chosen by God” or “by the will of God”. -* **set apart for God ** - “morally blameless” or “consecrated” or “holy ones”. Alternate translation: “saints”. +* **through the will of God ** - AT: “chosen by God” or “by the will of God” +* **set apart for God ** - “morally blameless” or “holy ones.” AT: “saints” * **grace be to you** - The word "you" refers to all the believers at Ephesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **May grace be to you and peace ** - May grace be to you and peace This is a common greeting and blessing Paul often extends in his letters. +* **May grace be to you and peace ** - This is a common greeting and blessing Paul often extends in his letters. diff --git a/eph/01/03.md b/eph/01/03.md index dd6f1e314..e40749d1a 100644 --- a/eph/01/03.md +++ b/eph/01/03.md @@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **May the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ be praised,** - This could be worded in the active form. "Let us praise the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **he who has blessed us** - "for God has blessed us". +* **May the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ be praised** - This could be worded in the active form. AT: "Let us praise the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **he who has blessed us** - AT: "for God has blessed us" * **has blessed us ** - This is an inclusive pronoun referring to Paul and all the believers at Ephesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **every spiritual blessing ** - "every blessing proceeding from the Spirit of God." +* **every spiritual blessing ** - AT: "every blessing proceeding from the Spirit of God" * **so we could be holy and blameless** - Paul states two traits that we can become in God. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/eph/01/05.md b/eph/01/05.md index 4c0767e62..438cd48e2 100644 --- a/eph/01/05.md +++ b/eph/01/05.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God predestined us in advance for adoption ** - “God determined in advance to adopt us” -* **predestined us** - "God planned long ago..." (UDB) -* **predestined us** - Paul was including himself, the Ephesian church and all believers in Christ in his use of "us". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **for adoption** - "adoption" refers to being placed in God’s family. +* **God predestined us in advance for adoption ** - AT: “God determined in advance to adopt us” +* **predestined us** - AT: "God planned long ago..." (UDB) +* **predestined us** - Paul was including himself, the Ephesian church and all believers in Christ in his use of "us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **for adoption** - "Adoption" refers to being placed in God’s family. * **through Jesus Christ** - God brought believers into his family by the work of Jesus Christ. * **he did this…he was pleased…he desired…his glorious grace ** - "he" and "his" refers to God. -* **his beloved one ** - "God's beloved one." This refers to Jesus Christ. +* **his beloved one** - "God's beloved one." This refers to Jesus Christ. diff --git a/eph/01/07.md b/eph/01/07.md index b6930b547..94741d13c 100644 --- a/eph/01/07.md +++ b/eph/01/07.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* ** in his beloved one** - "in God's beloved one, Jesus Christ" -* **we have redemption** - "We refers to all believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **riches of his grace ** - "greatness of God's grace" or "abundance of God's grace" -* **in all wisdom and understanding** - God has given believers great wisdom and understanding. Alternate Translation "much wisdom and understanding." +* ** in his beloved one** - AT: "in God's beloved one, Jesus Christ" +* **we have redemption** - "We" refers to all believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **riches of his grace ** - AT: "greatness of God's grace" or "abundance of God's grace" +* **in all wisdom and understanding** - God has given believers great wisdom and understanding. AT: "much wisdom and understanding" diff --git a/eph/01/09.md b/eph/01/09.md index e4b5604d8..37b9dfbec 100644 --- a/eph/01/09.md +++ b/eph/01/09.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **hidden truth of the plan** - "his hidden plan" -* **according to his desire** - "as he was pleased" (UDB) -* **when the times are fulfilled** - "When everything is comes to pass" -* **for the completion of his plan** - "for his plan to be completed" -* **his plan, he will** - "God's plan, God will" -* **under Christ** - “under Christ’s rule” +* **the hidden truth of the plan** - AT: "his hidden plan" +* **according to his desire** - AT: "as he was pleased" (UDB) +* **when the times are fulfilled** - AT: "When everything is comes to pass" +* **for the completion of his plan** - AT: "for his plan to be completed" +* **his plan, he will** - AT: "God's plan, God will" +* **under Christ** - AT: “under Christ’s rule” diff --git a/eph/01/11.md b/eph/01/11.md index a673b431a..6ce19069f 100644 --- a/eph/01/11.md +++ b/eph/01/11.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we were chosen** - “we were made to be God's inheritance” or “we were chosen to receive God's inheritance” -* **we were chosen...we who were the first** - The word "we" now refers to Paul, his Jewish brothers in christ but not the Gentile (non-Jewish) believers.(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **the plan of the one ** - "The plan of God" -* **intent of his will ** - "intent of God's will" -* **we who were the first ** - Paul continues to exclude the Gentiles (non-Jews) from his use of "we". +* **we were chosen** - AT: “we were made to be God's inheritance” or “we were chosen to receive God's inheritance” +* **we were chosen...we who were the first** - The word "we" now refers to Paul, his Jewish brothers in Christ but not the Gentile (non-Jewish) believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **the plan of the one ** - AT: "The plan of God" +* **intent of his will ** - AT: "intent of God's will" +* **we who were the first ** - Paul continues to exclude the Gentiles (non-Jews) from his use of "we." diff --git a/eph/01/13.md b/eph/01/13.md index 929d80b72..f795319be 100644 --- a/eph/01/13.md +++ b/eph/01/13.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It was by Christ that you also heard the word of truth** - Alternate translation: "it was through believing in Christ that you heard that you were saved by him" -* **the gospel of your salvation by Christ** - "Christ is the gospel of your salvation" -* **in whom you also have believed** - in whom you also have believed "and you also have believed in Christ" -* ** were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit** - were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit As wax was placed on a letter and impressed with a symbol representing who sent the letter, God sealed our salvation with the Holy Spirit signifying his ownership of us. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **the spirit is the guarantee** - "The Holy Spirit is a pledge." God gave us the holy spirit as a promise of his gift of eternal life at the proper time. -* **our redemption of the possession** - God has purchased us to be his own people. Alternate translation: "that is, that God forgives us and accepts us as his own people." +* **It was by Christ that you also heard the word of truth** - AT: "it was through believing in Christ that you heard that you were saved by him" +* **the gospel of your salvation by Christ** - AT: "Christ is the gospel of your salvation" +* **in whom you also have believed** - AT: "and you also have believed in Christ" +* ** were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit** - As wax was placed on a letter and impressed with a symbol representing who sent the letter, God sealed our salvation with the Holy Spirit signifying his ownership of us. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the spirit is the guarantee** - God gave us the Holy Spirit as a promise of his gift of eternal life at the proper time. AT: "the Holy Spirit is a pledge" +* **our redemption of the possession** - God has purchased us to be his own people. AT: "that is, that God forgives us and accepts us as his own people" diff --git a/eph/01/15.md b/eph/01/15.md index 0196d7263..8f5f13192 100644 --- a/eph/01/15.md +++ b/eph/01/15.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Because of this** - “For this reason” -* **your love for all those set apart for him** - Your love for all the believers in Christ. Alternate Translation: "your love for all the saints in Christ" -* **I have not stopped thanking God** - This can be translated as a positive statement as "I continue to thank God". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Because of this** - AT: “For this reason” +* **your love for all those set apart for him** - Your love for all the believers in Christ. AT: "your love for all the saints in Christ" +* **I have not stopped thanking God** - This can be translated as a positive statement. AT: "I continue to thank God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/eph/01/17.md b/eph/01/17.md index 397e0e5ad..805d80e04 100644 --- a/eph/01/17.md +++ b/eph/01/17.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **a spirit of wisdom and revelation of his knowledge** - "spiritual wisdom to understand his revelation" -* **that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened** - "eyes of your heart" expressing one's ability to gain understanding. Alternate translation: "that you may gain understanding and be enlightened" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **the confidence of our calling** - "the hope of our calling" -* **riches of the glory of his inheritance** - "greatness of his glorious inheritance" or "abundance of his glorious inheritance". -* **those who are set apart for him ** - "in the saints". this includes concepts of morally blameless, consecrated and holy. +* **a spirit of wisdom and revelation of his knowledge** - AT: "spiritual wisdom to understand his revelation" +* **that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened** - The phrase "eyes of your heart" expresses one's ability to gain understanding. AT: "that you may gain understanding and be enlightened" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **the confidence of our calling** - AT: "the hope of our calling" +* **riches of the glory of his inheritance** - AT: "greatness of his glorious inheritance" or "abundance of his glorious inheritance" +* **those who are set apart for him ** - This includes concepts of morally blameless, consecrated and holy. AT: "in the saints" diff --git a/eph/01/19.md b/eph/01/19.md index e329da5ad..7e164913a 100644 --- a/eph/01/19.md +++ b/eph/01/19.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **what is the exceeding greatness of his power** - God's Power is far beyond all other power. -* **the working of the strength of his power** - "his great power that is at work for us" -* **seated him at his right hand** - "seated Christ at God's right hand". This is the highest place of honor. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **in this age** - "at this time" -* **in the age to come** - "in the future" -* **far above all rule, authority, power, dominion** - These are different terms for the ranks of supernatural beings, both angelic and demonic. Alternate translation: "far above all types of supernatural beings." +* **what is the exceeding greatness of his power** - God's power is far beyond all other power. +* **the working of the strength of his power** - AT: "his great power that is at work for us" +* **seated him at his right hand** - "seated Christ at God's right hand." This is the highest place of honor. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **in this age** - AT: "at this time" +* **in the age to come** - AT: "in the future" +* **far above all rule, authority, power, dominion** - These are different terms for the ranks of supernatural beings, both angelic and demonic. AT: "far above all types of supernatural beings" diff --git a/eph/01/22.md b/eph/01/22.md index 94bfc0070..c1158a158 100644 --- a/eph/01/22.md +++ b/eph/01/22.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God has subjected ** - “God put” (UDB) or "God placed" -* **all things under Christ's feet ** - This represents Christ's lordship, authority and power. Alternate translation: "all things under Christ’s power." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Given him the head...which is his body** - Given him the head...which is his body Just as with a human body, the head rules all things pertaining to it's body, so is Christ the head of the church body. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **the head over all things in the Church** - "head" implies the leader or the one in charge. Alternate translation "ruler over all things in the Church". -* **which is his body** - the Church is often referred to as the body of christ. -* **the fullness of him who fills all things in all ways.** - Christ fills the whole church with His power and with his life. Alternate translation: "Christ fills the church with his life and power just as he gives and sustains life to all things." +* **God has subjected ** - AT: “God put” (UDB) or "God placed" +* **all things under Christ's feet ** - This represents Christ's lordship, authority and power. AT: "all things under Christ’s power" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Given him the head...which is his body** - Just as with a human body, the head rules all things pertaining to its body, so is Christ the head of the church body. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the head over all things in the Church** - "Head" implies the leader or the one in charge. AT: "ruler over all things in the Church" +* **which is his body** - The Church is often referred to as the body of Christ. +* **the fullness of him who fills all things in all ways** - Christ fills the whole church with His power and with his life. AT: "Christ fills the church with his life and power just as he gives and sustains life to all things" diff --git a/eph/02/01.md b/eph/02/01.md index d07f32d92..b1a4e20f1 100644 --- a/eph/02/01.md +++ b/eph/02/01.md @@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **And you were dead in your trespasses and your sins** - This shows how sinful people are unable to obey God in the same way a dead person is unable to respond physically. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **in your trespasses and your sins** - This phrase is showing how bad the people were in terms of disobeying God's Law on purpose. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* ** you once walked** - "you once lived". This expresses the behavior of how people live. (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **according to the age of this world** - The apostles also used “world” to refer to the selfish behaviors and corrupt values of the people living in this world. Alternate translation: “according to the values of people living in the world” or “following the principles of this present world”. +* **your trespasses and your sins** - The words "trespasses" and "sins" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize the greatness of the people's sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* ** you once walked** - This expresses the behavior of how people live. AT: "you once lived" (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **according to the age of this world** - The apostles also used “world” to refer to the selfish behaviors and corrupt values of the people living in this world. AT: “according to the values of people living in the world” or “following the principles of this present world” * **ruler of the authorities of the air** - This is referring to the devil or Satan. -* **the spirit of him who ** - The phrase "spirit of him" is also referring to the devil or Satan. -* **acted according to the evil desires of our flesh, doing the will of the flesh and of the mind** - The words "flesh" and "mind" are used as metonyms for the entire body (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the spirit of him who** - The phrase "spirit of him" is also referring to the devil or Satan. +* **acted according to the evil desires of our flesh, doing the will of the flesh and of the mind** - The words "flesh" and "mind" are used as metonyms for the entire body. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/eph/02/04.md b/eph/02/04.md index f201e9c89..740d2f129 100644 --- a/eph/02/04.md +++ b/eph/02/04.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God is rich in mercy** - "God is abundant in mercy" or "God acts very kind to us" -* **because of his great love with which he loved us** - "because of his great love for us" or "because he loves us very much" +* **God is rich in mercy** - AT: "God is abundant in mercy" or "God acts very kind to us" +* **because of his great love with which he loved us** - AT: "because of his great love for us" or "because he loves us very much" * **while we were dead in trespasses, he brought us to new life** - This shows how a sinful person is unable to obey God until he is given new spiritual life just like a dead person is unable to respond physically unless he is raised from the dead. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **he brought us to new life together with Christ** - God has given us new life in christ. -* **by grace you have been saved** - "God saved us because of his great kindness toward us." -* **and raised us up together and made us sit together in the heavenly places with Christ Jesus.** - Just as he already raised christ, he will raise us up too and be with Christ in heaven. -* **in the ages to come** - "in the future" +* **he brought us to new life together with Christ** - God has given us new life in Christ. +* **by grace you have been saved** - AT: "God saved us because of his great kindness toward us" +* **and raised us up together and made us sit together in the heavenly places with Christ Jesus** - Just as he already raised Christ, he will raise us up too and be with Christ in heaven. +* **in the ages to come** - AT: "in the future" diff --git a/eph/02/08.md b/eph/02/08.md index c74ee6e5b..843b4a467 100644 --- a/eph/02/08.md +++ b/eph/02/08.md @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **For by grace you have been saved through faith** - God's kindness to us is the reason he made it possible for us to be saved from judgment if we simply trust in Jesus. -* **And this did not** - The word “this” refers back to "by grace you have been saved by faith". +* **And this did not** - The word “this” refers back to "by grace you have been saved by faith." * **come from us** - The pronoun "us" refers to Paul and all the believers at Ephesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **not from works** - "This salvation did not come from our works" -* **we are God's workmanship, created in Christ Jesus** - "God has created us as new people joined to Christ Jesus" we are a result of God’s creation. The pronoun "we" refers to Paul and all the believers at Ephesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **walk in** - “live in” or “follow” +* **not from works** - AT: "This salvation did not come from our works" +* **we are God's workmanship, created in Christ Jesus** - The pronoun "we" refers to Paul and all the believers at Ephesus. AT: "God has created us as new people joined to Christ Jesus" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **walk in** - AT: “live in” or “follow” diff --git a/eph/02/11.md b/eph/02/11.md index d3370a541..645b752b4 100644 --- a/eph/02/11.md +++ b/eph/02/11.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ * **Gentiles in the flesh** - People who were not Jewish by birth. * **uncircumcised pagans** - Non-Jewish people were not circumcised as babies and thus considered people who do not follow God. * **the circumcision** - This was another term for Jewish people because all male infants were circumcised when they were eight days old. -* **separated from Christ** - "unbelievers" -* **alienated from** - “detached from” or “not included in”. -* **the citizenship of Israel** - “the people of Israel” or “the community of Israel”. -* **strangers to the covenants of the promise** - "you did not know the covenant promises of God" +* **separated from Christ** - AT: "unbelievers" +* **alienated from** - AT: “detached from” or “not included in” +* **the citizenship of Israel** - AT: “the people of Israel” or “the community of Israel” +* **strangers to the covenants of the promise** - AT: "you did not know the covenant promises of God" diff --git a/eph/02/13.md b/eph/02/13.md index 9fe99d6c9..c7ded1b3f 100644 --- a/eph/02/13.md +++ b/eph/02/13.md @@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ * **But now in Christ Jesus** - Paul is marking a stark contrast before the Ephesians believed in Christ and after they believed in Christ. * **you who were once far away from God have been brought near to God** - Due to the believers sins, they were separated far from God. However, now Jesus has brought them near to God by his blood. -* **he is our peace** - "Jesus gives us his peace" -* **By his body** - "By his death on the cross" -* **the wall of hostility** - "the wall of hatred" or "ill will" -* ** divided us from each other** - "us"refers to both Paul and the Ephesians, that separated the Jewish believers from the Gentile believers. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **he abolished the law of commandments and regulations** - Jesus's blood satisfied the mosaic Law so that both the Jews and gentiles can live at peace in Him. -* **to reconcile both peoples** - "bring together both the Jews and the Gentiles" +* **he is our peace** - AT: "Jesus gives us his peace" +* **By his body** - AT: "By his death on the cross" +* **the wall of hostility** - AT: "the wall of hatred" or "ill will" +* ** divided us from each other** - "Us" refers to both Paul and the Ephesians, that separated the Jewish believers from the Gentile believers. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **he abolished the law of commandments and regulations** - Jesus's blood satisfied the Law of Moses so that both the Jews and Gentiles can live at peace in Him. +* **to reconcile both peoples** - AT: "bring together both the Jews and the Gentiles" * **putting to death the hostility between them** - Jesus eliminated the reason for Jews and Gentiles to be hostile towards each other. That is they were no longer required to live according to the Mosaic Law. diff --git a/eph/02/17.md b/eph/02/17.md index 6002ce144..4c01b04ee 100644 --- a/eph/02/17.md +++ b/eph/02/17.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **proclaimed the gospel** - "announced the gospel" or "declared the gospel" -* **the gospel and his peace** - "the gospel of peace" +* **proclaimed the gospel** - AT: "announced the gospel" or "declared the gospel" +* **the gospel and his peace** - AT: "the gospel of peace" * **those who were far away** - This refers to the Gentiles or non-Jews. * **those who were near** - This refers to the Jews. -* **For through Jesus we both have access** - "We both" refers to both Paul, the believing Jews and the believing non-Jews. -* **have access in one Spirit** - all believers are given the right to enter into the presence of God the Father by one spirit or authority. +* **For through Jesus we both have access** - "We both" refers to both Paul, the believing Jews and the believing non-Jews. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **have access in one Spirit** - All believers are given the right to enter into the presence of God the Father by one spirit or authority. diff --git a/eph/02/19.md b/eph/02/19.md index 822a399e7..3f11fa2aa 100644 --- a/eph/02/19.md +++ b/eph/02/19.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you Gentiles are no longer strangers or foreigners, but instead you are fellow-citizens with those set apart for God, those who are members of God's family** - This is describing the spiritual condition of Gentiles before and after they became believers in the same way as a non-citizen becomes a citizen of a nation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **no longer strangers** - "no longer outsiders". -* **and foreigners** - "and non-citizens" +* **you Gentiles are no longer strangers or foreigners, but instead you are fellow-citizens with those set apart for God, those who are members of God's family** - citizens with those set apart for God, those who are members of God's family** - This is describing the spiritual condition of Gentiles before and after they became believers in the same way as a non-citizen becomes a citizen of a nation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **no longer strangers** - AT: "no longer outsiders" +* **and foreigners** - AT: "and non-citizens" * **These are built upon the foundation...** - Paul compare God's family to a building. Christ being the cornerstone, the apostles being the foundation, and the believers being the structure. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **the whole building of his family fits together and increases as a temple set apart for the Lord** - Paul continues with the comparison of Christ's family to a building in the way a builder fits stones in the making a building so Christ is fitting us together. * **in whom you also are being built together into a dwelling place for God in the Spirit** - This describes how believers are being put together to become a place where God will permanently dwell in the Spirit just as a house is a dwelling place for people on earth. diff --git a/eph/03/01.md b/eph/03/01.md index 800ab6fd3..7af082d6d 100644 --- a/eph/03/01.md +++ b/eph/03/01.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Because of this** - "Because of God's grace to you" -* **the management of the gift of God that he gave me for you** - "the responsibility God gave me to administer His grace to you" +* **Because of this** - AT: "Because of God's grace to you" +* **the management of the gift of God that he gave me for you** - AT: "the responsibility God gave me to administer His grace to you" diff --git a/eph/03/03.md b/eph/03/03.md index 67e38f345..a25dfffd2 100644 --- a/eph/03/03.md +++ b/eph/03/03.md @@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **according to the revelation made known to me** - "that God a revelation known to me" or "that God reveled to me" -* **the hidden truth about which I wrote a little previously** - "the previously not known truth that I briefly wrote to you about before". -* **When you read about this** - "this" refers to the hidden truths that Paul is making known to the Ephesians. -* **you will be able to understand** - "you will be able to comprehend" or "you will be able to realize". -* **my insight into this hidden truth about Christ** - "my understanding into this previously not known truth" -* **which in other generations was not made known to the human race** - "which was not made known to people in the past" -* **but now which has been revealed** - "but now it has been shown" or “but now it has been made known” +* **according to the revelation made known to me** - AT: "that God a revelation known to me" or "that God revealed to me" +* **the hidden truth about which I wrote a little previously** - AT: "the previously not known truth that I briefly wrote to you about before" +* **When you read about this** - "This" refers to the hidden truths that Paul is making known to the Ephesians. +* **you will be able to understand** - AT: "you will be able to comprehend" or "you will be able to realize" +* **my insight into this hidden truth about Christ** - AT: "my understanding into this previously not known truth" +* **which in other generations was not made known to the human race** - AT: "which was not made known to people in the past" +* **but now which has been revealed** - AT: "but now it has been shown" or “but now it has been made known” diff --git a/eph/03/06.md b/eph/03/06.md index 0dada9583..32819221f 100644 --- a/eph/03/06.md +++ b/eph/03/06.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **the Gentiles are fellow heirs and fellow members of the body and fellow sharers in the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel** - This statement is the hidden truth Paul was stating that was revealed to him and the apostles. * **fellow members of the body** - Paul continues to use the analogy of the physical body in describing the the believers in Christ. -* **For this I became a servant** - "I am now serving God to spread the gospel" (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **For this I became a servant** - AT: "I am now serving God to spread the gospel" (see [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/eph/03/08.md b/eph/03/08.md index f638f3ab3..36e5a08cc 100644 --- a/eph/03/08.md +++ b/eph/03/08.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **To me this gift was given, although I am less than the lowest of those set apart for God** - "Even though I am the least worthy of all God's people, God has given me this gracious gift" -* **and to enlighten everyone about what God's plan is** - "and to make all people aware of God's plan" -* **the hidden truth that was hidden from ages past by God, who created all things** - "something that God has kept hidden from long ago, from the time when he created everything." +* **To me this gift was given, although I am less than the lowest of those set apart for God** - AT: "Even though I am the least worthy of all God's people, God has given me this gracious gift" +* **and to enlighten everyone about what God's plan is** - AT: "and to make all people aware of God's plan" +* **the hidden truth that was hidden from ages past by God, who created all things** - AT: "something that God has kept hidden from long ago, from the time when he created everything" diff --git a/eph/03/10.md b/eph/03/10.md index 3b44482b8..f6a45b913 100644 --- a/eph/03/10.md +++ b/eph/03/10.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **there will be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places through the Church the complex wisdom of God** - "the complex wisdom of God will be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places through the Church" -* **according to the eternal plan** - "in keeping with the eternal plan" or "consistent with the eternal plan" -* **that he intended** - "that he accomplished" or "that he fulfilled completely". +* **there will be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places through the Church the complex wisdom of God** - AT: "God will make his complex wisdom known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places through the Church" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **rulers and authorities** - These words share similar meanings. Paul uses them together to emphasize that every spiritual being will know God's wisdom. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **according to the eternal plan** - AT: "in keeping with the eternal plan" or "consistent with the eternal plan" +* **that he intended** - AT: "that he accomplished" or "that he fulfilled completely" diff --git a/eph/03/12.md b/eph/03/12.md index 9f6cf288a..6802902d4 100644 --- a/eph/03/12.md +++ b/eph/03/12.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **access with confidence** - "access into God's presence with confidence" or "freedom to enter into God's presence with confidence" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **because of our faith in him** - "because of our faith in Christ" -* **Therefore I ask you not to be discouraged at** - “Therefore I ask you not to lose courage because of” +* **access with confidence** - AT: "access into God's presence with confidence" or "freedom to enter into God's presence with confidence" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **because of our faith in him** - AT: "because of our faith in Christ" +* **Therefore I ask you not to be discouraged at** - AT: “Therefore I ask you not to lose courage because of” diff --git a/eph/03/14.md b/eph/03/14.md index b4dc47ee0..55c65d7a5 100644 --- a/eph/03/14.md +++ b/eph/03/14.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For this cause** - "Because God has done all this for you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **I bow my knees to the Father** - "I bow my knees in prayer to the Father" or "I humbly pray to the Father" -* **that he would grant you** - "that he would give you". +* **For this cause** - AT: "Because God has done all this for you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **I bow my knees to the Father** - AT: "I bow my knees in prayer to the Father" or "I humbly pray to the Father" +* **that he would grant you** - AT: "that he would give you" diff --git a/eph/03/17.md b/eph/03/17.md index ee847b13d..f6e0e1caf 100644 --- a/eph/03/17.md +++ b/eph/03/17.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **hearts through faith** - "through" the idea of a channel or way, showing that Christ lives in the hearts of believers by means of God's gift of faith given to them. -* **that you be rooted and grounded in his love** - Paul compares they faith like a tree that has deep roots or a house build on a solid foundation. Alternate Translation: "that you will be like a firmly rooted tree and a building founded upon stone". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **all those set apart for God** - It means all believers. It can be translated as "saints". -* **that you may know the surpassing greatness of Christ's love** - "that you may know Christ's love that is far above anything we can know by experience". +* **hearts through faith** - "Through" the idea of a channel or way, showing that Christ lives in the hearts of believers by means of God's gift of faith given to them. +* **that you be rooted and grounded in his love** - Paul compares their faith like a tree that has deep roots or a house build on a solid foundation. AT: "that you will be like a firmly rooted tree and a building founded upon stone" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **all those set apart for God** - It means all believers. AT: "saints" +* **that you may know the surpassing greatness of Christ's love** - AT: "that you may know Christ's love that is far above anything we can know by experience" diff --git a/eph/03/20.md b/eph/03/20.md index ce6f305d3..237a04f70 100644 --- a/eph/03/20.md +++ b/eph/03/20.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now to him** - "Now to God" +* **Now to him** - AT: "Now to God" * **everything far, far above** - God can do far more than we could ever ask or imagine. -* **that we ask or think** - "we" includes Paul and his audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]} +* **that we ask or think** - "We" includes Paul and his audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/eph/04/01.md b/eph/04/01.md index 9e9db3aae..9671f2b49 100644 --- a/eph/04/01.md +++ b/eph/04/01.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **as the prisoner for the Lord** - "as someone who is in prison because of his choice to serve the Lord" -* **I urge you to live worthily of the calling** - "I encourage with you to conduct yourself in a manner proper of the calling" In all these verses the word "you" refers to all the believers at Ephesus. See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **with great humility and gentleness and patience, accepting each other in love** - "You must learn to be humble, gentle, patient and to accept each other in love" -* **keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace** - “seek to live together in peace to maintain the unity of the Spirit” +* **as the prisoner for the Lord** - AT: "as someone who is in prison because of his choice to serve the Lord" +* **I urge you to live worthily of the calling** - In all these verses the word "you" refers to all the believers at Ephesus. AT: "I encourage with you to conduct yourself in a manner proper of the calling" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **with great humility and gentleness and patience, accepting each other in love** - AT: "You must learn to be humble, gentle, patient and to accept each other in love" +* **keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace** - AT: “seek to live together in peace to maintain the unity of the Spirit” diff --git a/eph/04/04.md b/eph/04/04.md index ad56a5780..fe2233ebe 100644 --- a/eph/04/04.md +++ b/eph/04/04.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * **one body** - All believers in the family of God are like the various members of a human body. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **one Spirit** - There is one Holy Spirit. -* **called in one** - "specially chosen in one" or "appointed in one" -* **in one confident expectation** - "in one sure hope". -* **Father of all...and in all** - "Father of everything...over everything...through everything...in everything" +* **called in one** - AT: "specially chosen in one" or "appointed in one" +* **in one confident expectation** - AT: "in one sure hope" +* **Father of all...and in all** - AT: "Father of everything...over everything...through everything...in everything" diff --git a/eph/04/07.md b/eph/04/07.md index 1bebc10f2..89a3cec8c 100644 --- a/eph/04/07.md +++ b/eph/04/07.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **To each one of us** - The word "us" includes Paul and all the believers at Ephesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **To each one of us has been given a gift** - "A gift has been given to each believer" or "God gave a gift to each one of us" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **To each one of us has been given a gift** - AT: "A gift has been given to each believer" or "God gave a gift to each one of us" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **When he ascended the heights** - "When Christ went up into heaven" - The word "he" refers to Christ through verse 11. diff --git a/eph/04/09.md b/eph/04/09.md index e648a77b8..c7be83fbd 100644 --- a/eph/04/09.md +++ b/eph/04/09.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He ascended** - "He went up". -* **he also descended** - "he also went down" or "he also came down" -* **into the depths of the earth** - "into the lower regions, the earth" or "into the lower parts, the earth" -* **he might fill all things** - "he might completely fill everything" or "all might be filled with him". +* **He ascended** - AT: "He went up" +* **he also descended** - AT: "he also went down" or "he also came down" +* **into the depths of the earth** - Possible meanings include 1) "into the lower regions, the earth" or 2) "into the lower parts, the earth" +* **he might fill all things** - AT: "he might completely fill everything" or "all might be filled with him" diff --git a/eph/04/11.md b/eph/04/11.md index c0a2f803d..38d5ed938 100644 --- a/eph/04/11.md +++ b/eph/04/11.md @@ -8,15 +8,14 @@ * [[en:tw:pastor]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:setapart]] -* [[en:tw:sex]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] ## translationNotes -* **Christ gave gifts like these** - "Christ gave gifts to the Church like these" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **those set apart for God** - This is referring to all believers. -* **the work of service** - "serving others" +* **Christ gave gifts like these** - AT: "Christ gave gifts to the Church like these" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **those set apart for God** - This refers to all believers. +* **the work of service** - AT: "serving others" * **for the building up of the body of Christ** - This metaphor compares growing spiritually to doing exercises to increase the strength of the human body. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **reach the unity of faith** - "become equally strong in faith" -* **reach complete adulthood** - "become mature believers" +* **reach the unity of faith** - AT: "become equally strong in faith" +* **reach complete adulthood** - AT: "become mature believers" diff --git a/eph/04/14.md b/eph/04/14.md index df17250b5..29cb5fcc5 100644 --- a/eph/04/14.md +++ b/eph/04/14.md @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This is so that we should** - "Then we will" +* **This is so that we should** - AT: "Then we will" * **be like children** - This is comparing a believer who has not grown spiritually to a child who has had very little experience in life. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **tossed around and carried away by every wind of teaching** - This metaphor compares a believer who has not become mature and hears wrong teaching to a boat that is being blown by the wind in random directions on the water. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **by the trickery of people in the cleverness of erring deceit** - "by crafty people who trick believers with clever lies" -* **Rather we will speak** - "Instead we will speak" +* **by the trickery of people in the cleverness of erring deceit** - AT: "by crafty people who trick believers with clever lies" +* **Rather we will speak** - AT: "Instead we will speak" * **into him who is the head...in the body's growth** - This is a metaphor using the human body to describe how Christ causes believers to work together in harmony like the head of a body causes the body parts to work together to grow healthy. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **for the building up of each one in love** - "so believers can help each other grow in love" +* **for the building up of each one in love** - AT: "so believers can help each other grow in love" diff --git a/eph/04/17.md b/eph/04/17.md index e16a48dfa..88b484599 100644 --- a/eph/04/17.md +++ b/eph/04/17.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This I say therefore, and I exhort you in the Lord,** - "Therefore I strongly encourage you in the Lord" -* **no longer walk as the Gentiles walk in the futility of their minds** - "stop living like the Gentiles with their worthless thoughts" -* **being darkened in thought, alienated from the life of God by the ignorance that is in them and by the stubbornness of their heart** - "They cannot experience the life of God because their minds have been blinded and their hearts are hard" -* **being darkened in thought** - they no longer think or reason clearly. -* **alienated from the life of God** - "separated from godly living" -* **by the ignorance that is in them** - "because they have no knowledge of God" +* **This I say therefore, and I exhort you in the Lord** - AT: "Therefore I strongly encourage you in the Lord" +* **no longer walk as the Gentiles walk in the futility of their minds** - AT: "stop living like the Gentiles with their worthless thoughts" +* **being darkened in thought, alienated from the life of God by the ignorance that is in them and by the stubbornness of their heart** - AT: "They cannot experience the life of God because their minds have been blinded and they are stubborn" +* **being darkened in thought** - They no longer think or reason clearly. +* **alienated from the life of God** - AT: "separated from godly living" +* **by the ignorance that is in them** - AT: "because they have no knowledge of God" * **by the stubbornness of their heart** - They refuse to listen to God and follow His teachings. -* **They have handed themselves over to debauchery in impure actions, in every kind of greediness** - "They have given their lives to an excessive desire for pleasure by their filthy behavior and greed for everything they desire" +* **They have handed themselves over to debauchery in impure actions, in every kind of greediness** - AT: "They have given their lives to an excessive desire for pleasure by their evil behavior and greed for everything they desire" diff --git a/eph/04/20.md b/eph/04/20.md index 3105a6eb5..da72257cc 100644 --- a/eph/04/20.md +++ b/eph/04/20.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But this is not how you learned about Christ** - "But you did not learn to follow Christ in this way" -* **If you have heard about him and have been taught about him, that this is the truth about Jesus** - "Since you have heard about Jesus and have been taught the truth by him" -* **you must put off the old man—that which accords with your old conduct, which is being corrupted according to deceitful desires** - "you must discard behavior that was normal to your old way of living, which got worse as your evil desires deceived you" -* **you must put off the old man** - You must rid yourself of all sinful behavior just like taking off clothes and throwing them away. AT: "you must change your behavior." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **that which accords with your old conduct** - "behavior that agrees with your old nature" or "behavior that agrees with your old self" -* **which is being corrupted according to deceitful desires** - "which continues to grow worse because of lying desires of the flesh" +* **But this is not how you learned about Christ** - AT: "But you did not learn to follow Christ in this way" +* **If you have heard about him and have been taught about him, that this is the truth about Jesus** - AT: "Since you have heard about Jesus and have been taught the truth by him" +* **you must put off the old man—that which accords with your old conduct, which is being corrupted according to deceitful desires** - AT: "you must discard behavior that was normal to your old way of living, which got worse as your evil desires deceived you" +* **you must put off the old man** - You must rid yourself of all sinful behavior just like taking off clothes and throwing them away. AT: "you must change your behavior" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **that which accords with your old conduct** - AT: "behavior that agrees with your old nature" or "behavior that agrees with your old self" +* **which is being corrupted according to deceitful desires** - AT: "which continues to grow worse because of lying desires of the flesh" diff --git a/eph/04/23.md b/eph/04/23.md index a38b44bf1..3da955ee2 100644 --- a/eph/04/23.md +++ b/eph/04/23.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you may be renewed** - "you may be changed" or "you may be transformed" +* **you may be renewed** - AT: "you may be changed" or "you may be transformed" * **so that you may put on the new man** - This shows how an unbeliever becomes a new person when he becomes a believer by the power of God, just as a person puts on new clothing and looks totally different. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/eph/04/25.md b/eph/04/25.md index f2c12f931..3dd3dddc8 100644 --- a/eph/04/25.md +++ b/eph/04/25.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **put away falsehood** - "you must stop telling lies" -* **Speak truth, each one with his neighbor** - "believers must speak the truth to their neighbors" -* **we are members of each other** - "we are all members of God's family" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **Be angry, but do not sin** - "You may get angry, but do not sin" -* **Do not let the sun go down upon your anger** - "You must get over your anger before night comes" +* **put away falsehood** - AT: "you must stop telling lies" +* **Speak truth, each one with his neighbor** - AT: "believers must speak the truth to their neighbors" +* **we are members of each other** - AT: "we are all members of God's family" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **Be angry, but do not sin** - AT: "You may get angry, but do not sin" +* **Do not let the sun go down upon your anger** - AT: "You must get over your anger before night comes" diff --git a/eph/04/28.md b/eph/04/28.md index d2736ea01..8474cd359 100644 --- a/eph/04/28.md +++ b/eph/04/28.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **No corrupt speech must come out of your mouth,** - "Let no foul language come out of your mouth" or "Let no filthy talk come out of your mouth" -* **instead words that are useful for building up others** - "instead speak words that are useful for building up, or giving strength to other believers" -* **to give grace to them who are listening** - "In this way you will give grace to those who are listening". -* **do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God** - "do not cause the Holy Spirit of God to become sad by your bad speech" -* **by whom you have been sealed** - "for he has sealed you". +* **No corrupt speech must come out of your mouth** - AT: "Let no bad language come out of your mouth" or "Let no evil talk come out of your mouth" +* **instead words that are useful for building up others** - AT: "instead speak words that are useful for building up, or giving strength to other believers" +* **to give grace to them who are listening** - AT: "In this way you will give grace to those who are listening" +* **do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God** - AT: "do not cause the Holy Spirit of God to become sad by your bad speech" +* **by whom you have been sealed** - AT: "for he has sealed you" diff --git a/eph/04/31.md b/eph/04/31.md index 0d8538806..56d66f799 100644 --- a/eph/04/31.md +++ b/eph/04/31.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let all bitterness** - "Let God take away all feelings of hostility" or "Let God take away all feelings of hatred" -* **rage and anger** - "rage and anger"combined expresses the great intensity of anger. AT: "uncontrolled anger" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **shouting and insults** - "shouting" combined with "insults" intensifies the harshness of insults. AT: "and harsh verbal abuse" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **and be kind to each other, tenderhearted** - "Instead you must be kind to each other, gentle" or "Instead you must be kind to each other, full of compassion" +* **Let all bitterness...be taken away from you** - AT: "Let God take away all feelings of hostility" or "Let God take away all feelings of hatred" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **rage and anger** - The words "rage" and "anger" express the great intensity of anger. AT: "uncontrolled anger" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **shouting and insults** - The word "shouting" intensifies the harshness of "insults." AT: "harsh verbal abuse" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **and be kind to each other, tenderhearted** - AT: "Instead you must be kind to each other, gentle" or "Instead you must be kind to each other, full of compassion" diff --git a/eph/05/01.md b/eph/05/01.md index 59ebb07a0..21f65ee03 100644 --- a/eph/05/01.md +++ b/eph/05/01.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore become imitators of God** - "Therefore you should become imitators of God" +* **Therefore become imitators of God** - AT: "Therefore you should do things which God does" * **as his beloved children** - God desires us to imitate him since we are his children. -* **live in love** - "live a life of love" -* **an offering and sacrifice, a pleasing aroma, to God** - "a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God" or "a sweet-smelling offering and sacrifice to God" +* **live in love** - AT: "live a life of love" +* **an offering and sacrifice, a pleasing aroma, to God** - AT: "a sweet-smelling offering and sacrifice to God" diff --git a/eph/05/03.md b/eph/05/03.md index 0d5bae879..63134a516 100644 --- a/eph/05/03.md +++ b/eph/05/03.md @@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Sexual immorality or any impurity or sensual greed must not be suggested among you, as is proper for those set apart for God** - "Do not allow even the thought of sexual immorality or any impurity or greed to be found among God's people" -* **Sexual immorality** - "sexual sin" or "immoral sexual acts" -* **any impurity** - "any moral uncleanness" -* **sensual greed** - "desires for what others have" -* **must not be suggested among you** - "must not be mentioned among you" or "must not be discovered among you" -* **as is proper for those set apart for God** - "Your behavior should always be appropriate as God's holy people" -* **nor obscenity, foolish talk, or degrading jokes, which are improper, but rather thankfulness** - "Let your speech be filled with thanksgiving, not filthy and foolish talk or unclean jokes" +* **Sexual immorality or any impurity or sensual greed must not be suggested among you, as is proper for those set apart for God** - AT: "Do not allow even the thought of sexual immorality or any impurity or greed to be found among God's people" +* **any impurity** - AT: "any moral uncleanness" +* **sensual greed** - AT: "desires for what others have" +* **must not be suggested among you** - AT: "must not be mentioned among you" or "must not be discovered among you" +* **as is proper for those set apart for God** - AT: "Your behavior should always be appropriate as God's holy people" +* **nor obscenity, foolish talk, or degrading jokes, which are improper, but rather thankfulness** - AT: "Let your speech be filled with thanksgiving, not filthy and foolish talk or unclean jokes" diff --git a/eph/05/05.md b/eph/05/05.md index 668a6337c..b78c6dfbc 100644 --- a/eph/05/05.md +++ b/eph/05/05.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let no one deceive you with empty words** - "Do not let anyone trick you with false arguments" or "Do not let anyone mislead you with meaningless words" -* **Because of these things the anger of God is coming upon the children of disobedience** - "The anger of God is coming upon the people who disobey him when they do these things" -* **So do not be participants with them** - "Be sure you do not participate with them in evil behavior" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]} +* **Let no one deceive you with empty words** - AT: "Do not let anyone trick you with false arguments" or "Do not let anyone mislead you with meaningless words" +* **Because of these things the anger of God is coming upon the children of disobedience** - AT: "The anger of God is coming upon the people who disobey him when they do these things" +* **So do not be participants with them** - AT: "Be sure you do not participate with them in evil behavior" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]} diff --git a/eph/05/08.md b/eph/05/08.md index 0e617e61a..2985efe2f 100644 --- a/eph/05/08.md +++ b/eph/05/08.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * **For you were once darkness** - Just as one can not see in the dark, so people who live in sin lack spiritual understanding. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **but now you are light in the Lord** - Just as one can see in the light, so people who live in righteousness have spiritual understanding. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **because the fruit of the light is all goodness, righteousness, and truth** - The works coming from the life of a believer (goodness, righteousness, and truth) are like the good fruit produced by a healthy tree. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Have no participation with the unfruitful works of the darkness** - "Do not be involved with the unfruitful works of sin or unbelievers" +* **Have no participation with the unfruitful works of the darkness** - AT: "Do not be involved with the unfruitful works of sin or unbelievers" * **the unfruitful works of the darkness** - The works of someone living in spiritual darkness are like the evil actions of people who do evil works hidden by the darkness at night. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **but rather expose them** - "but rather show them to be wrong" +* **but rather expose them** - AT: "but rather show them to be wrong" diff --git a/eph/05/15.md b/eph/05/15.md index b6871eff7..db1529fca 100644 --- a/eph/05/15.md +++ b/eph/05/15.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore be careful how you live, not as unwise people but as wise** - "Therefore you must be careful to live like a wise person rather than an unwise person". Unwise people do not guard themselves against sin. However wise people can identify sin and flee from it. -* **Redeem the time** - "Use your time wisely." We have a choice to live in sin which is the same as using our time unwisely. Or we can live doing what the Lord wants us to do and use our time wisely. +* **Therefore be careful how you live, not as unwise people but as wise** - Unwise people do not guard themselves against sin. However wise people can identify sin and flee from it. AT: "Therefore you must be careful to live like a wise person rather than an unwise person" +* **Redeem the time** - We have a choice to live in sin which is the same as using our time unwisely. Or we can live doing what the Lord wants us to do and use our time wisely. AT: "Use your time wisely" * **because the days are evil** - The word "days" means the times you are living in. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/eph/05/18.md b/eph/05/18.md index fa46135d7..3e9434502 100644 --- a/eph/05/18.md +++ b/eph/05/18.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And do not get drunk with wine** - "And you should not get drunk from drinking wine" -* **instead be filled with the Holy Spirit** - "instead you should be filled with the Holy Spirit" -* **in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs** - "with all sorts of songs to praise God" -* **always giving thanks** - "Always give thanks" -* **subjecting yourselves** - "Humbly submit yourselves" +* **And do not get drunk with wine** - AT: "And you should not get drunk from drinking wine" +* **instead be filled with the Holy Spirit** - AT: "instead you should be filled with the Holy Spirit" +* **in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs** - AT: "with all sorts of songs to praise God" +* **always giving thanks** - AT: "Always give thanks" +* **subjecting yourselves** - AT: "Humbly submit yourselves" diff --git a/eph/05/22.md b/eph/05/22.md index cf240c5e6..1443f70a5 100644 --- a/eph/05/22.md +++ b/eph/05/22.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **he is the Savior of the body** - "Christ is the Savior of the body of believers" or "Christ is the Savior of all believers"(See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **so also must wives be to their husbands in everything** - "so wives must also be subject to their husbands in everything" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **he is the Savior of the body** - AT: "Christ is the Savior of the body of believers" or "Christ is the Savior of all believers" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **so also must wives be to their husbands in everything** - AT: "so wives must also be subject to their husbands in everything" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/eph/05/25.md b/eph/05/25.md index 0bcce87a5..878721c0e 100644 --- a/eph/05/25.md +++ b/eph/05/25.md @@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **love your wives** - "love" is referring to unselfish, serving or giving love. -* **gave himself up for her, that he might make her holy because he cleansed us** - The words “himself” and “he” refer to Christ while the words “her” and "us" refer to the Church (or all the believers in the Church) -* **gave himself up for her** - "Christ sacrificed everything for her" +* **love your wives** - "Love" is referring to unselfish, serving or giving love. +* **gave himself up for her, that he might make her holy because he cleansed us** - The words “himself” and “he” refer to Christ while the words “her” and "us" refer to the Church (or all the believers in the Church). +* **gave himself up for her** - AT: "Christ sacrificed everything for her" * **he cleansed us by the washing of water by the word** - Possible meanings are 1) Paul is referring to having been made clean by God's word and through water baptism in Christ or 2) Paul is saying God made us spiritually clean from our sins by the word of God like we make our bodies clean by washing with water. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **that he might present to himself the Church** - "that Christ might present to himself the Church" -* **without stain or wrinkle** - The same idea is used in two ways to emphasize that Christ will make the Church perfect. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **without stain or wrinkle** - Paul speaks of the Church as a garment that is clean and in good condition. He uses the same idea in two ways to emphasize the Church's purity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **holy and without fault** - The phrase "without fault" means basically the same thing as "holy." Paul uses the two together to emphasize the Church's purity. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/eph/05/28.md b/eph/05/28.md index a99d1dfbd..fd5275c2d 100644 --- a/eph/05/28.md +++ b/eph/05/28.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **as their own bodies** - "as they love their own bodies" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **instead he nourishes** - "instead he nurtures" or "instead he cares for" +* **as their own bodies** - AT: "as they love their own bodies" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **instead he nourishes** - AT: "instead he nurtures" or "instead he cares for" * **we are members of his body** - The word "we" refers to Paul and all the believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **we are members of his body** - Possible meanings are 1) "we are members of his body of believers" (non-metaphorical sense) or 2) Believers fit together to form the body of Christ just as the parts of the human body fit together to form a person. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/eph/05/31.md b/eph/05/31.md index 2afcb16d4..428db4ea3 100644 --- a/eph/05/31.md +++ b/eph/05/31.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For this cause** - "For this reason" +* **For this cause** - AT: "For this reason" * **must love his own wife as himself** - The words "his" and "himself" refer to a male believer who is married. -* **the wife must respect her husband** - "the wife must honor her husband" or "the wife must reverence her husband" +* **the wife must respect her husband** - AT: "the wife must honor her husband" or "the wife must reverence her husband" diff --git a/eph/06/01.md b/eph/06/01.md index 6d6d996ee..688175b2c 100644 --- a/eph/06/01.md +++ b/eph/06/01.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Children, obey your parents in the Lord** - Paul is referring to children obeying their physical parents. -* **that it may be well with you, and you may live long on the earth** - The pronoun "you" refers to the children of Israel to whom Moses was speaking. AT: "so that you may prosper and live a long life on the earth". +* **that it may be well with you, and you may live long on the earth** - The pronoun "you" refers to the children of Israel to whom Moses was speaking. AT: "so that you may prosper and live a long life on the earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) diff --git a/eph/06/04.md b/eph/06/04.md index 04c048e89..12be09092 100644 --- a/eph/06/04.md +++ b/eph/06/04.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And, you fathers, do not provoke your children to anger** - "You fathers must not do things that will make your children angry" or "You fathers must not cause your children to be angry" -* **raise them in the discipline and instruction of the Lord** - "bring them up in the training and teaching of the Lord" +* **And, you fathers, do not provoke your children to anger** - AT: "You fathers must not do things that will make your children angry" or "You fathers must not cause your children to be angry" +* **raise them in the discipline and instruction of the Lord** - AT: "bring them up in the training and teaching of the Lord" diff --git a/eph/06/05.md b/eph/06/05.md index cafe3e707..725bb0169 100644 --- a/eph/06/05.md +++ b/eph/06/05.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Slaves, be obedient to** - "You slaves should obey" -* **and trembling, in the honesty of your heart, as to Christ** - "and humble fear, just as you obey Christ" -* **with deep respect and trembling** - These are two similar ways to show honor towards one's master. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **not only to please them when they are watching you** - "Always work as if you were working for Christ himself, even when your masters are not watching you" +* **Slaves, be obedient to** - AT: "You slaves should obey" +* **and trembling, in the honesty of your heart, as to Christ** - AT: "and humble fear, just as you obey Christ" +* **deep respect and trembling** - These are two similar ways to show honor towards one's master. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **not only to please them when they are watching you** - AT: "Always work as if you were working for Christ himself, even when your masters are not watching you" * **as slaves of Christ himself** - Serve your earthly master as if your earthly master was Christ himself. -* **serving cheerfully as for the Lord and not just for people** - "Work joyfully since you are working for the Lord and not just for people" -* **remembering that whatever good deed each person does, he will receive a reward from the Lord** - "Remember that every good deed a person does will be rewarded by the Lord" +* **serving cheerfully as for the Lord and not just for people** - AT: "Work joyfully since you are working for the Lord and not just for people" +* **remembering that whatever good deed each person does, he will receive a reward from the Lord** - AT: "Remember that every good deed a person does will be rewarded by the Lord" diff --git a/eph/06/09.md b/eph/06/09.md index 2471296be..603dbdc25 100644 --- a/eph/06/09.md +++ b/eph/06/09.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **do the same things for your slaves, without threatening them** - "treat your slaves without threats as Christ would treat them" -* **knowing that he who is both their Master and yours is in heaven** - "because you know that Christ is the Master of both slaves and their masters" -* **and that there is no favoritism with him** - "and he has no favorites" +* **do the same things for your slaves, without threatening them** - AT: "treat your slaves without threats, as Christ would treat them" +* **knowing that he who is both their Master and yours is in heaven** - AT: "because you know that Christ is the Master of both slaves and their masters" +* **and that there is no favoritism with him** - AT: "and he has no favorites" diff --git a/eph/06/10.md b/eph/06/10.md index 73ecde502..664dbd4e5 100644 --- a/eph/06/10.md +++ b/eph/06/10.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **be strong in the Lord and in the strength of his might** - AT: "depend completely on the Lord to give you spiritual strength." (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **be strong in the Lord and in the strength of his might** - AT: "depend completely on the Lord to give you spiritual strength" (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **Put on the whole armor of God, that you may be able to stand against the scheming plans of the devil** - Christians should use all the resources God gives to stand firm against the devil just as a soldier puts on armor to protect himself from enemy attacks. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/eph/06/12.md b/eph/06/12.md index b2b48c1c8..df9851d55 100644 --- a/eph/06/12.md +++ b/eph/06/12.md @@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes +* **flesh and blood** - This expression refers to people, in contrast to spirits who do not have human bodies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Therefore put on the whole armor of God** - Christians should use the protective resources God gives them in fighting the devil in the same way a soldier puts on armor to protect himself against his enemies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/eph/06/17.md b/eph/06/17.md index 2e6a682d7..b2ac1aba1 100644 --- a/eph/06/17.md +++ b/eph/06/17.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **And take the helmet of salvation** - Salvation given by God protects the believer's mind just as a helmet protects the head of a soldier. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God** - The word of God, inspired by the Holy Spirit, is to be used to fight against and defend the believer from the devil just as a soldier uses his sword to fight and defend against enemy attacks. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **through every prayer and request praying at all times in the Spirit** - "Pray at all times in the Spirit as you pray and make specific requests" -* **with all perseverance and prayer for all those set apart for God** - "with constant alertness and prayer for all the believers" +* **through every prayer and request praying at all times in the Spirit** - AT: "Pray at all times in the Spirit as you pray and make specific requests" +* **with all perseverance and prayer for all those set apart for God** - AT: "with constant alertness and prayer for all the believers" diff --git a/eph/06/19.md b/eph/06/19.md index dcd8767e6..d84caf3a9 100644 --- a/eph/06/19.md +++ b/eph/06/19.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **that the word might be given to me** - "that God might give me the word" or "God might give me the message" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **when I open my mouth to make known with boldness** - "when I speak to boldly make known" -* **for which I am an ambassador in chains** - "I am now in prison because I am a representative of the gospel" -* **that in my imprisonment I may speak boldly as I ought to speak** - "that I may speak God's message as boldly as I should here in prison" +* **that the word might be given to me** - AT: "that God might give me the word" or "God might give me the message" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **when I open my mouth to make known with boldness** - AT: "when I speak to boldly make known" +* **for which I am an ambassador in chains** - AT: "I am now in prison because I am a representative of the gospel" +* **that in my imprisonment I may speak boldly as I ought to speak** - AT: "that I may speak God's message as boldly as I should here in prison" diff --git a/eph/06/21.md b/eph/06/21.md index 62e43d3c9..7b0c5b62e 100644 --- a/eph/06/21.md +++ b/eph/06/21.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my affairs** - “my situation” or “my circumstances” +* **my affairs** - AT: “my situation” or “my circumstances” * **Tychicus** - Tychicus was one of several men who served with Paul. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **will make known to you everything** - "will tell you everything" (UDB) +* **will make known to you everything** - AT: "will tell you everything" (See UDB) diff --git a/est/01/19.md b/est/01/19.md index a9910715d..63cc3ed09 100644 --- a/est/01/19.md +++ b/est/01/19.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **edict** - "decree" or "command" * **vast** - "big" or "huge" diff --git a/est/02/17.md b/est/02/17.md index 7bb1d1019..68e009c9b 100644 --- a/est/02/17.md +++ b/est/02/17.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The king loved** - This is the romantic or sexual use of the word "love". +* **The king loved** - This is the romantic use of the word "love". * **taxation** - "the collection of taxes" * **provinces** - Use the same word or phrase used in [[en:bible:notes:est:01:01]] diff --git a/est/03/08.md b/est/03/08.md index a054e61fb..00621c2f1 100644 --- a/est/03/08.md +++ b/est/03/08.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:ahasuerus]] -* [[en:tw:biblicalmoney]] * [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:king]] * [[en:tw:law]] diff --git a/est/07/08.md b/est/07/08.md index 8156d4825..0532c09ae 100644 --- a/est/07/08.md +++ b/est/07/08.md @@ -5,5 +5,6 @@ * **the wine had been served** - "Servants had served the wine" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **couch** - a long piece of furniture where a person can sit or lie down. -* **"Will he assault the queen in my presence in my own house?"** - "You are trying to rape the queen while she is here with me in my own palace!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **the servant's covered Haman’s face.** - some officials covered Haman's head, as they did to people who were about to be hanged. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **assault the queen** - This phrase is a polite way of asking if he will seize and sleep with her. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **"Will he assault the queen in my presence in my own house?"** - AT: "You are trying to assault the queen while she is here with me in my own palace!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **the servants covered Haman’s face.** - some officials covered Haman's head, as they did to people who were about to be hanged. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/est/08/09.md b/est/08/09.md index be67aef63..b5afb5ca0 100644 --- a/est/08/09.md +++ b/est/08/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **called** - "summoned" * **third month** - "month number 3" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **Sivan** - (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **twenty-third day** - "day number 23" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **twenty-third day** - third day** - "day number 23" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **provinces** - Translate as in [[en:bible:notes:est:01:01]]. * **127** - (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/est/09/23.md b/est/09/23.md index cf1859d91..d806c7827 100644 --- a/est/09/23.md +++ b/est/09/23.md @@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes +* This passage summarizes much of the story of Esther in order to explain the reason for the festival of Purim. * **Haman** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Hammedatha** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Agagite** - This is the people group of Haman. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Pur** - "Purim" or "lots" -* **and he threw Pur (that is, he threw lots), to crush and destroy them.** - "and he threw Pur (that is, had cast lots to find out what would be the most lucky day in the year for him to do it on," (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **and he threw Pur (that is, he threw lots), to crush and destroy them** - "and he threw Pur (that is, he cast lots to find out what would be the most lucky day in the year for him to do it on" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/exo/01/01.md b/exo/01/01.md index 2428a29ca..de46a7ddf 100644 --- a/exo/01/01.md +++ b/exo/01/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ * **household** - all the people who live in a house together, usually a large family with servants. * **seventy** - 70 -* **Joseph was in Egypt already** - AT: "Joseph was already living in Egypt" or "Joseph lived in Egypt before his brothers" +* **Joseph was already in Egypt** - AT: "Joseph lived in Egypt before his brothers" diff --git a/exo/01/11.md b/exo/01/11.md index 5069a7388..281d87634 100644 --- a/exo/01/11.md +++ b/exo/01/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **taskmasters** - “slave drivers” or “masters.” These were Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. * **to oppress them with hard labor** - "to force the Israelites to do hard work for the Egyptians." -* **storage cities** - places where the leaders put food and other important things to keep them safe +* **store cities** - places where the leaders put food and other important things to keep them safe diff --git a/exo/01/15.md b/exo/01/15.md index 0beb36a72..ea63ac1b4 100644 --- a/exo/01/15.md +++ b/exo/01/15.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **King of Egypt** - the King of Egypt is called Pharaoh. +* **king of Egypt** - the king of Egypt is called Pharaoh. * **midwives** - women who help a woman give birth to a baby. * **Shiphrah and ... Puah** - These are Hebrew women names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/exo/01/18.md b/exo/01/18.md index f9528e8a9..dc2206c65 100644 --- a/exo/01/18.md +++ b/exo/01/18.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **midwives** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:exo:01:15]]. -* **"Why have you let the male babies live?"** - "Why have you let the male babies live?" Pharaoh was actually rebuking the midwives for allowing the male children live. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). +* **"Why have you let the male babies live?"** - Pharaoh was actually rebuking the midwives for allowing the male children live. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). * **"The Hebrew women are not like the Egyptian women…"** - The midwives answered wisely to appease Pharaoh's anger. diff --git a/exo/03/09.md b/exo/03/09.md index 2ad69433e..9ace25d44 100644 --- a/exo/03/09.md +++ b/exo/03/09.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the cries of the people of Israel have come to me** - AT: "I have heard the cries of the people of Israel." +* **the shouts of the people of Israel have come to me** - AT: "I have heard the cries of the people of Israel." diff --git a/exo/03/19.md b/exo/03/19.md index 22421a50c..30657f87e 100644 --- a/exo/03/19.md +++ b/exo/03/19.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * God continues speaking to Moses. * **his hand is forced** - AT: "he is forced" or "his will to resist is broken" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **will not go empty-handed** - AT: "will go with their hands full of good things" or "will go with many valuable things" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **will not go empty-handed** - handed** - AT: "will go with their hands full of good things" or "will go with many valuable things" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/exo/04/01.md b/exo/04/01.md index a02d0f2a0..22a46a344 100644 --- a/exo/04/01.md +++ b/exo/04/01.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* There are no notes for these verses. +* ** if they do not believe** - "if the Israelites do not believe" diff --git a/exo/04/10.md b/exo/04/10.md index 2e140fe08..15883d409 100644 --- a/exo/04/10.md +++ b/exo/04/10.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **eloquent** - "an excellent speaker" -* **I am slow of speech and slow of tongue** - These two phrases mean about the same thing. Moses is saying that he cannot speak well or possibly clearly. He might be comparing his ability to the great speakers he had heard in the Egyptian court. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **"Who has made man’s mouth? Who makes a man mute or deaf or seeing or blind? Is it not I, Yahweh?** - By these questions Yahweh presses his point that he is the Creator, and he is the one who makes a person able to do something or not able to do something. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **I am slow of speech and slow of tongue** - The phrases "slow of speech" and "slow of tongue" mean basically the same thing. Moses uses them to emphasize that that he is not a good speaker. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Who is it who made man’s mouth? Who makes a man mute or deaf or seeing or blind? Is it not I, Yahweh?** - By these questions Yahweh presses his point that he is the Creator, and he is the one who makes a person able to do something or not able to do something. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **and I will be with your mouth** - This means that God will give Moses the right words to speak at the right time. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/exo/04/14.md b/exo/04/14.md index cc8778d49..8c5207123 100644 --- a/exo/04/14.md +++ b/exo/04/14.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **and I will be with your mouth** - This means God will give Moses the right words to speak. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **I will be with your mouth** - This means God will give Moses the right words to speak. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **He will be your mouth** - "He will say what you tell him to say" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **you will be to him like me, God** - Just as God told Moses what to say, Moses would tell Aaron what to say. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/exo/04/18.md b/exo/04/18.md index 71f34d47a..a1e1e457e 100644 --- a/exo/04/18.md +++ b/exo/04/18.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **father-in-law** - This refers to the father of Moses' wife. +* **father-in-law** - in-law** - This refers to the father of Moses' wife. diff --git a/exo/04/24.md b/exo/04/24.md index 796a7388b..18d68dadd 100644 --- a/exo/04/24.md +++ b/exo/04/24.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **Zipporah** - This is the name of Moses's wife. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **flint knife** - a knife with a sharpened stone blade * **Moses' feet** - This may be a milder or more polite way to refer to the private parts of Moses's body . (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **You are a bridegroom to me by blood** - AT: "You are related to me by this blood" or "You are my husband because of blood." +* **You are a bridegroom of blood** - AT: "You are related to me by this blood" or "You are my husband because of blood." diff --git a/exo/05/06.md b/exo/05/06.md index 7a525da4d..140f2c67b 100644 --- a/exo/05/06.md +++ b/exo/05/06.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **taskmasters** - “slave drivers” or “masters.” These were Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. -* **You must no longer give** - The word "you" in these verses is plural and refers to the taskmasters and foremen. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **you must no longer give** - The word "you" in these verses is plural and refers to the taskmasters and foremen. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/exo/05/10.md b/exo/05/10.md index 022017767..1920b070f 100644 --- a/exo/05/10.md +++ b/exo/05/10.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **taskmasters** - “slave drivers” or “masters.” These were Egyptians whose job was to force the Israelites to do hard work. -* **I will no longer give you straw … get straw wherever you can find it** - The word "you" in these verses is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **I will no longer give you any straw … get straw wherever you can find it** - The word "you" in these verses is plural and refers to the Israelite people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **your workload will not be reduced** - AT: "you must continue to make the same number of bricks as before" diff --git a/exo/07/03.md b/exo/07/03.md index 632bc3bf0..8620f96a4 100644 --- a/exo/07/03.md +++ b/exo/07/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **put my hand on … reach out with my hand** - The words "my hand" represent God's great power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **many signs...many wonders** - The words "signs" and "wonders" mean basically the same thing. God uses them to emphasize the greatness of what he will do in Egypt. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **put my hand on...reach out with my hand** - The words "my hand" represent God's great power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/exo/07/06.md b/exo/07/06.md index 44ad72581..8a5461bfa 100644 --- a/exo/07/06.md +++ b/exo/07/06.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **and Aaron eighty-three years old** - "and Aaron was eighty-three years old"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **and Aaron eighty-three years old** - three years old** - "and Aaron was eighty-three years old"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) diff --git a/exo/08/01.md b/exo/08/01.md index 981e72436..f8bfe2ce2 100644 --- a/exo/08/01.md +++ b/exo/08/01.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the river** - This refers to the Nile River. (UDB) +* **The river** - This refers to the Nile River. (UDB) * ** kneading bowls ** - These are bowls in which bread is made, kneaded. (UDB) diff --git a/exo/08/08.md b/exo/08/08.md index 2198bbcb0..39b234613 100644 --- a/exo/08/08.md +++ b/exo/08/08.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron** - or "Then Pharaoh sent for Moses and Aaron" -* **You may have the privilege of telling me when I should pray for you** - AT: "you can choose when I will pray for you" or "you can choose the time I should pray for you" +* **You can have the privilege of telling me when I should pray for you** - AT: "you can choose when I will pray for you" or "you can choose the time I should pray for you" diff --git a/exo/08/18.md b/exo/08/18.md index 58869d31e..b58db6483 100644 --- a/exo/08/18.md +++ b/exo/08/18.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This is the finger of God** - The words "finger of God" represent the almighty power of God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **This is the finger of God** - The words "finger of God" represent the smallest example of God's workmanship. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Pharaoh’s heart was hardened** - This means Pharaoh broke his promise and became stubborn again. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/exo/08/28.md b/exo/08/28.md index e2cd59bea..5dc1e9b59 100644 --- a/exo/08/28.md +++ b/exo/08/28.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But you must not deal deceitfully** - AT: "But you must not deceive us" or "But you must not go back on your promise" +* **But you must not deal deceitfully** - AT: "But you must not deceive us" or "But you must not lie to us" diff --git a/exo/09/01.md b/exo/09/01.md index f79220520..83f379e61 100644 --- a/exo/09/01.md +++ b/exo/09/01.md @@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues talking with Moses about dealing with Pharaoh and bringing the Hebrew people out of Egypt. -* **if you refuse to let them go, if you still keep them back** - AT: "If you still refuse to let them go" (UDB); (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **if you refuse to let them go, if you still keep them back** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize what will happen if Pharaoh does this. AT: "If you still refuse to let them go" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **then Yahweh's hand will be on your cattle** - Yahweh will show his power by sending a terrible disease upon the Egyptians' livestock. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/exo/09/11.md b/exo/09/11.md index 45a09ca42..d05856a99 100644 --- a/exo/09/11.md +++ b/exo/09/11.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **hardened the heart of Pharaoh** - Yahweh caused Pharaoh to remain stubborn and resist the message he sent through Moses. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **hardened Pharaoh's heart** - Yahweh caused Pharaoh to remain stubborn and resist the message he sent through Moses. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/exo/11/01.md b/exo/11/01.md index a27819e35..e6c95b112 100644 --- a/exo/11/01.md +++ b/exo/11/01.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* * **neighbor** - This is a person who lives near you. diff --git a/exo/11/06.md b/exo/11/06.md index 6a6937b17..41036a23b 100644 --- a/exo/11/06.md +++ b/exo/11/06.md @@ -6,4 +6,3 @@ ## translationNotes -* **cry** - "wail" or "call for help" diff --git a/exo/12/05.md b/exo/12/05.md index 97bfe91a4..bc9759f2a 100644 --- a/exo/12/05.md +++ b/exo/12/05.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **shall be without blemish** - AT: "must be perfect, having no marks or scars" -* **doorposts and on the top of the door frame** - AT: "all around the door" or "on the sides and top of the way into the house" +* **must be without blemish** - AT: "must be perfect, having no marks or scars" +* **on the two doorposts and on top of the door frame** - AT: "all around the door" or "on the sides and top of the way into the house" * **roasting** - This means to cook over an open fire. * **bitter herbs** - These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste. diff --git a/exo/12/12.md b/exo/12/12.md index bd1e3b171..46561be87 100644 --- a/exo/12/12.md +++ b/exo/12/12.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **for my coming to you** - This implies that Yahweh will see the blood which indicates an Israelite home. AT: "that I will see when I come to you"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **pass over** - AT: "go by" +* **pass over** - AT: "will not enter your house" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/exo/12/17.md b/exo/12/17.md index f8333754a..d33bf04f9 100644 --- a/exo/12/17.md +++ b/exo/12/17.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **the fourteenth day** - AT: "day 14 of the moon cycle" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **twilight** - AT: "early in the evening" See how you translated this in verse 6 of [[:en:bible:notes:exo:12:05]]. -* **the twenty-first day of the month** - AT: "day 21 of the moon cycle" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **the twenty-first day of the month** - first day of the month** - AT: "day 21 of the moon cycle" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/exo/12/21.md b/exo/12/21.md index ab382597e..08cd2c13f 100644 --- a/exo/12/21.md +++ b/exo/12/21.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **summoned** - "officially called " * **select** - "choose" or "pick" -* **kids ** - kids - "young goats" +* **kids ** - "young goats" * **bunch** - " big handful" or "cluster" * **hyssop** - This is a plant in the mint family, which is woody and used for thin twigs. -* **doorframe** - This refers to the supporting sides and top around a door. +* **door frame** - This refers to the supporting sides and top around a door. diff --git a/exo/12/29.md b/exo/12/29.md index f272c7f63..3e6c9c400 100644 --- a/exo/12/29.md +++ b/exo/12/29.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **at midnight** - AT: "in the middle of the night" * **cattle** - Besides cattle, this can also mean sheep, goats, horses, and/or donkeys. (See: [[:en:obe:other:livestock]]) -* **There was a great cry in Egypt** - "All the Egyptians cried loudly" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **There was loud lamenting in Egypt** - "All the Egyptians cried loudly" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **for there was not a house where there was not someone dead** - AT: "because in every house someone's child had died." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/exo/12/37.md b/exo/12/37.md index c038729be..c68f7a3ed 100644 --- a/exo/12/37.md +++ b/exo/12/37.md @@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ * [[en:tw:israel|Israel, Israelites, nation of Israel]] * [[en:tw:life]] * [[en:tw:life|life, live, living, alive]] +* [[en:tw:succoth]] * [[en:tw:yeast]] * [[en:tw:yeast|yeast, leaven]] ## translationNotes -* **Rameses** - See how you translated this in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:47:11]]. -* **Succoth** - See how you translated this in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:33:15]]. -* **They numbered about 600,000 men** - AT: The men numbered about 600,000 (See: [[ en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **Rameses** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:01:11]]. +* **Succoth** - This is a place name. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **They numbered about 600,000 men** - They counted about 600,000 men. (See: [[ en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/exo/12/43.md b/exo/12/43.md index db10a7949..680ec80b4 100644 --- a/exo/12/43.md +++ b/exo/12/43.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Here is the rule ** - "These are the regulations" -* **No foreigner may share in eating it** - The pronoun "it" refers to the Passover meal. +* **no foreigner may share in eating it** - The pronoun "it" refers to the Passover meal. * **every Israelites' slave** - "every Israelites' male slave" diff --git a/exo/12/49.md b/exo/12/49.md index 366fc6a40..c0edd4cfc 100644 --- a/exo/12/49.md +++ b/exo/12/49.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This same law will apply to both the native-born and to the foreigner ** - This same law will apply to both the native-born and to the foreigner - AT: "This same law will be for, and must be obeyed by, the native-born and the foreigner" +* **This same law will apply to both the native-born and to the foreigner ** - born and to the foreigner **- AT: "This same law will be for, and must be obeyed by, the native-born and the foreigner" * *** by their armed groups** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:12:41]]. diff --git a/exo/13/08.md b/exo/13/08.md index de88d4b2a..35a6e0747 100644 --- a/exo/13/08.md +++ b/exo/13/08.md @@ -8,9 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This rescue** - This refers to when the Lord led Israel out of Egypt. -* **reminders for you on your hands, and reminders on your forehead.** - These are two different types of physical reminders so people will not forget something important. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **reminders for you on your hands** - Just as binding an object to your hand will remind you of something, this festival will be a reminder for you. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **reminders on your forehead** - Just as binding an object to your head will remind you of something, this festival will be a reminder for you. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **This is so that Yahweh's Law may be in your speech** - They are to remember this event and speak of it often. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **reminder for you on your hand, and a reminder on your forehead.** - These are two different types of physical reminders so people will not forget something important. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **reminder for you on your hand** - Just as binding an object to your hand will remind you of something, this festival will be a reminder for you. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **reminder on your forehead** - Just as binding an object to your head will remind you of something, this festival will be a reminder for you. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **This is so that Yahweh's law may be in your mouth** - They are to remember this event and speak of it often. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **strong hand** - This refers to God's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/exo/13/11.md b/exo/13/11.md index aea38cb3a..a82fafcb9 100644 --- a/exo/13/11.md +++ b/exo/13/11.md @@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ * **and when he gives the land to you** - AT: "and when he gives the land of the Canaanites to you" * **Every firstborn of a donkey...** - Israel is given a choice to kill the firstborn donkey or buy it back with a lamb. +* **each of your firstborn males among all your sons ...** - Every one in Israel who had a firstborn son, must buy him back. diff --git a/exo/13/14.md b/exo/13/14.md index e935b6ac1..b10825d5b 100644 --- a/exo/13/14.md +++ b/exo/13/14.md @@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **strong hand** - Refer to Translation Note on 13:9 +* **strong hand** - This refers to God's power. (See:[[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **house of slavery** - Just as a house of slaves contains slaves, so was Egypt housing Israel in slavery. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **firstborn of people** - AT: "firstborn sons" -* **ULB Verse 16** - Refer to Translation Note on 13:9. +* **become reminders on your hands** - Just as one would wear an object on their hand to remind them of something, the firstborn sacrifice is to remind Israel of God slaying the firstborn of the Egyptians and Israel being set free. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **become reminders on your hands, and reminders on your forehead** - This expresses two ways to remember the importance of the passover event. (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **and reminders on your forehead** - Just as one would wear an object on their forehead to remind them of something, the firstborn sacrifice is to remind Israel of God slaying the firstborn of the Egyptians and Israel being set free. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/exo/13/17.md b/exo/13/17.md index b4cd30138..c66ab34a1 100644 --- a/exo/13/17.md +++ b/exo/13/17.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:desert]] +* [[en:tw:desert|wilderness]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:mind]] * [[en:tw:peoplegroup]] +* [[en:tw:peoplegroup|people]] * [[en:tw:philistines]] * [[en:tw:redsea]] ## translationNotes * **nearby** - AT: "closer to where they were located" -* **the people will change their minds ... and ... return to Egypt** - Since Israel lived in slavery all their lives, they were not prepared physically or emotionally for war. +* **the people will change their minds ... and ... return to Egypt** - Since Israel lived in slavery all their lives, they were not prepared physically or emotionally for war. They would choose to go back to slavery than fight. diff --git a/exo/14/10.md b/exo/14/10.md index 3dc271977..43374f2d6 100644 --- a/exo/14/10.md +++ b/exo/14/10.md @@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ * **Pharaoh came close** - The word Pharaoh here is used to refer to the entire Egyptian army. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **and they were terrified** - AT: "and they were very afraid" -* **Verses 11-12** - The Israelites used these rhetorical questions to express to Moses their frustration and fear of dying. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **"Is it because there were no graves in Egypt, that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness?** - AT: "There are plenty of graveyards in Egypt for us to be buried in. You did not have to take us into the wilderness to die!" -* **Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt?** - AT: "You have led us out of Egypt to be killed." -* **We said to you, 'Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians'?** - AT: "We told you to leave us alone so we can continue to be slaves of the Egyptians." +* **"Is it because there were no graves in Egypt, that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness?** - The Israelites express their frustration and fear of dying. AT: "There are plenty of graveyards in Egypt for us to be buried in. You did not have to take us into the wilderness to die!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Why have you treated us like this, bringing us out of Egypt?** - The Israelites express their frustration and fear of dying. AT: "You have led us out of Egypt to be killed." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **We said to you, 'Leave us alone, so we can work for the Egyptians'** - The Israelites express their frustration and fear of dying. AT: "We told you to leave us alone so we can continue to be slaves of the Egyptians." diff --git a/exo/14/15.md b/exo/14/15.md index f3abcf519..36f667984 100644 --- a/exo/14/15.md +++ b/exo/14/15.md @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Why are you crying out to me?** - God is rebuking Israel for complaining. AT: Stop complaining!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Why are you, Moses, continuing to call out to me?** - Moses apparently had been praying to God for help, but God told him that it was now time to act. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **divide it in two** - AT: "cut the sea into two pieces" * **Be aware** - AT: "Know" -* **I will harden the Egyptians' hearts** - The egyptians prefer to believe the lie that they are stronger than Yahweh. -* **...so they will go after them.** - God will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that the Egyptians will follow the Israelites into the sea. -* **horsemen** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:14:06]]. +* **I will harden the Egyptians' hearts** - Yahweh will cause the Egyptians to continue to believe the lie that they are stronger than Yahweh. +* **…so they will go after them** - God will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that the Egyptians will follow the Israelites into the sea. +* **horsemen** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:exo:14:06]]. diff --git a/exo/15/01.md b/exo/15/01.md index ae867afbc..5133a4a55 100644 --- a/exo/15/01.md +++ b/exo/15/01.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* This is a song about the events that happened in [[:en:bible:notes:exo:14:26]]. +* 28]]. * **rider** - This is a person seated upon a horse or traveling in a chariot. diff --git a/exo/15/02.md b/exo/15/02.md index 4e2b2d74b..8c0784a9a 100644 --- a/exo/15/02.md +++ b/exo/15/02.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Yahweh is my strength and song ** - Yahweh is my strength and song - This means that God is powerful and worthy of praise. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Yahweh is my strength and song ** - This means that God is powerful and worthy of praise. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **warrior** - God powerfully fights our enemies and is victorious. diff --git a/exo/15/24.md b/exo/15/24.md index 40d279f12..8f65533b4 100644 --- a/exo/15/24.md +++ b/exo/15/24.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **complain** - This means that to tell others that you are unhappy about something or do not like it. +* **complained to Moses** - AT: "were unhappy and told Moses" or "angrily told Moses" * **do what is right in my eyes** - This means to do the things that are right according to God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/exo/16/01.md b/exo/16/01.md index 06bc2331f..64315196b 100644 --- a/exo/16/01.md +++ b/exo/16/01.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **on the fifteenth day of the second month** - on the fifteenth day of the second month AT: "on day 15 of the second month"; See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]] +* **on the fifteenth day of the second month** - AT: "on day 15 of the second month"; See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]] * **The whole community of Israelites complained** - AT: "Almost all of the Israelite people complained" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **complained** - This means to say that you are unhappy about something or do not like it. -* **If only we had died by Yahweh's hand"** - AT: "If only Yahweh had killed us"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **If only we had died by Yahweh's hand"** - AT: "If only Yahweh had killed us" diff --git a/exo/17/04.md b/exo/17/04.md index c947e785a..2034a4c40 100644 --- a/exo/17/04.md +++ b/exo/17/04.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **What should I do with these people?** - AT: "I do not know how to deal with these people!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **What should I do with this people?** - AT: "I do not know how to deal with these people!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Massah** - A place in the desert whose name means testing. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Meribah** - A place in the desert whose name means complaining. diff --git a/exo/18/01.md b/exo/18/01.md index 9d4351feb..1f02ffcb9 100644 --- a/exo/18/01.md +++ b/exo/18/01.md @@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Moses' father-in-law** - This refers to the father of Moses' wife. +* **Moses' father-in-law** - in-law** - This refers to the father of Moses' wife. * **Gershom** - This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means "foreigner." * **Eliezer** - This is a son of Moses and Zipporah, whose name means "God is the one who helps me." diff --git a/exo/19/01.md b/exo/19/01.md index d02a20bf1..6dae4e4f6 100644 --- a/exo/19/01.md +++ b/exo/19/01.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **had gone out** - had gone out from - AT: had left -* **Rephidim ** - Rephidim - This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **had gone out** - AT: had left +* **Rephidim ** - This is an area on the edge of the wilderness of Sinai where the people of Israel had been camping. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/exo/19/07.md b/exo/19/07.md index 073a69b8a..cb06415a3 100644 --- a/exo/19/07.md +++ b/exo/19/07.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **set before them all these words** - set before them all these words- AT: "told them all these words." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]].) +* **set before them all these words** - AT: "told them all these words." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Moses came to report** - AT: "Moses went back to report" diff --git a/exo/19/12.md b/exo/19/12.md index 9c1cf908d..5f6884416 100644 --- a/exo/19/12.md +++ b/exo/19/12.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. * **set bounds** - "build a barrier" or "put up a fence" or "mark a border" * **Whoever touches the mountain will surely be put to death** - AT: "You must surely kill any person who touches the mountain." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Whoever touches ** - Whoever touches - "Any person who touches" or "Anyone who touches" +* **Whoever touches ** - "Any person who touches" or "Anyone who touches" * **such a person** - "a person who does that" or "a person who touches the mountain" * **he must certainly be stoned or shot** - AT: "You must certainly stone or shoot him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **shot** - This refers to killing someone by shooting arrows from a bow or stones from a slingshot. diff --git a/exo/19/14.md b/exo/19/14.md index 3441e2ccb..9f799841e 100644 --- a/exo/19/14.md +++ b/exo/19/14.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **do not go near your wives** - AT: "do not have sexual relations with your wives" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **do not go near your wives** - AT: "do not sleep with your wives" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/exo/20/07.md b/exo/20/07.md index 7cb74ea15..42f3da5ec 100644 --- a/exo/20/07.md +++ b/exo/20/07.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **take the name of me** - "use my name" -* **in vain** - in vain- "carelessly" or "without proper respect" or "for wrong purposes" +* **in vain** - "carelessly" or "without proper respect" or "for wrong purposes" * **I will not hold guiltless** - "I will certainly consider guilty" or "I will certainly punish" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/exo/20/08.md b/exo/20/08.md index 010f98e62..0aa1288b5 100644 --- a/exo/20/08.md +++ b/exo/20/08.md @@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ * **do all your work** - "do all your usual duties" * **within your gates** - "within your community" or "inside your city." Cities often had walls around them to keep out enemies, and gates for people to go in and out. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **blessed the Sabbath day** - Possible meanings are that 1) God caused the Sabbath day to produce good results, or 2) God said that the Sabbath day was good. -* **consecrated it** - consecrated it- "set it apart for a special purpose" +* **consecrated it** - "set it apart for a special purpose" diff --git a/exo/20/12.md b/exo/20/12.md index e799cbc6f..6080fbf83 100644 --- a/exo/20/12.md +++ b/exo/20/12.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **You must not commit adultery with anyone** - "You must not have sex with anyone who is not your spouse" +* There are no translation notes for these verses. diff --git a/exo/20/18.md b/exo/20/18.md index f3d724298..fcf3fa303 100644 --- a/exo/20/18.md +++ b/exo/20/18.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ * **voice** - "sound" * **the mountain smoking** - AT: "smoke coming from the mountain" -* **they trembled ** - they trembled - "they shook with fear" +* **they trembled ** - "they shook with fear" * **stood far off** - "stood far away" or "stood at a distance" (ULB) -* **so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin ** - so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin - AT: "so that you will honor him and not sin." +* **so that the honor of him may be in you, and so that you do not sin ** - AT: "so that you will honor him and not sin." * **approached** - "went closer to" diff --git a/exo/21/01.md b/exo/21/01.md index 76c2c0883..642141555 100644 --- a/exo/21/01.md +++ b/exo/21/01.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. -* **you must set before them** - you must set before them- "you must give them" or "you must tell them" +* **you must set before them** - "you must give them" or "you must tell them" diff --git a/exo/21/09.md b/exo/21/09.md index e2a7f68fd..43575b8f9 100644 --- a/exo/21/09.md +++ b/exo/21/09.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ * **designates** - "chooses" * **diminish** - "take away" or "reduce" or "lessen" or "deprive her of" * **diminish her food** - The word "her" refers to the first wife. -* **marital rights** - This refers to the things the husband must do for the wife, including having sexual relations with her. +* **marital rights** - This refers to the things the husband must do for the wife, including sleeping with her. diff --git a/exo/21/28.md b/exo/21/28.md index 33106ae46..4aa5c03b9 100644 --- a/exo/21/28.md +++ b/exo/21/28.md @@ -15,5 +15,4 @@ * **the ox must surely be stoned** - AT: "you must stone the ox to death" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **its flesh must not be eaten** - AT: "you must not eat its flesh" * **the ox's owner must be acquitted** - AT: "you must acquit the ox's owner" -* **its owner also must be put to death** - "its owner also must be killed" or "its owner also must die" or "you must also kill its owner" (UDB) -* **If a payment is required** - "If you require a payment" +* **its owner also must be put to death** - "its owner also must be killed" or "its owner also must die" diff --git a/exo/22/16.md b/exo/22/16.md index d7ba69f98..3e73a072a 100644 --- a/exo/22/16.md +++ b/exo/22/16.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **seduces** - "persuades" -* **if he sleeps with her** - AT: "if he has sex with her"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **not engaged** - "not promised to be married" * **bride wealth** - "dowry" or "bride price" -* **him, he** - him, he- These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin. +* **him, he** - These pronouns refer back to the man who seduced the virgin. diff --git a/exo/22/18.md b/exo/22/18.md index 209e33345..a8e32a25e 100644 --- a/exo/22/18.md +++ b/exo/22/18.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:sex]] * [[en:tw:sorcery]] ## translationNotes -* -* **Whoever has sexual relations with a beast must surely be put to death** - AT: "You must certainly kill anyone who has sexual relations with an animal" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Whoever sleeps with a beast must surely be put to death** - AT: "You must certainly kill anyone who sleeps with an animal" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/exo/23/01.md b/exo/23/01.md index a47b7c714..8191a4c72 100644 --- a/exo/23/01.md +++ b/exo/23/01.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ * Yahweh continues telling Moses his laws for the people of Israel. * **dishonest witness** - This is the same as a lying or false witness. * **nor may you** - "and you must also not" -* **bear witness ** - bear witness - "tell a story” or “speak a report” +* **bear witness ** - "tell a story” or “speak a report” * **siding with the crowd** - AT: "doing what the crowd wants" or "agreeing with the majority" * **pervert justice** - This refers to illegal or immoral actions that result in a unjust ruling. diff --git a/exo/23/06.md b/exo/23/06.md index 96dbdb7fe..85ecc5d0e 100644 --- a/exo/23/06.md +++ b/exo/23/06.md @@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ * This refers to actions that produce an improper legal result. It can result in either freedom for a guilty person or punishment of the innocent. * **it should go** - In this phrase, "it" refers to proper justice, a correct decision. * **lawsuit** - "dispute" -* **acquit the wicked ** - acquit the wicked - "find the wicked not guilty" +* **acquit the wicked ** - "find the wicked not guilty" * **bribe blinds ... perverts** - "discredits" or "undermines"; (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **the mind of a foreigner** - "how foreigners often feel" (UDB); (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the life of a foreigner** - "the kind of life a stranger lives in a foreign land (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/exo/23/20.md b/exo/23/20.md index e2a12607b..9346ec40c 100644 --- a/exo/23/20.md +++ b/exo/23/20.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **Do not provoke him, for he will not pardon** - AT: "If you provoke him, he will not pardon" * **My name is on him** - Here "name" refers to God's authority (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **If you indeed obey his voice** - AT: "If you carefully obey what he says" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries** - These two phrases mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/exo/24/05.md b/exo/24/05.md index a644cd1a2..5074137af 100644 --- a/exo/24/05.md +++ b/exo/24/05.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Moses took half of the blood and put it into basins** - Moses collected half of the blood in basins in order to splash it on the people in [[:en:bible:notes:exo:24:07]]. This would confirm the people's participation in the covenant between the people of Israel and God. -* **he sprinkled the other half onto the altar** - Here the altar represents God. This would confirm God's participation in the covenant between God and the people of Israel. +* **he splashed the other half onto the altar** - Here the altar represents God. This would confirm God's participation in the covenant between God and the people of Israel. diff --git a/exo/25/01.md b/exo/25/01.md index 0403a31f4..8a56192d4 100644 --- a/exo/25/01.md +++ b/exo/25/01.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **who is motivated by a willing heart** - AT: "who wants to give an offering" -* **You must receive** - The word "you" refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:formsofyou]]) +* **You must receive** - The word "you" refers to Moses and the leaders. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/exo/25/15.md b/exo/25/15.md index 3eb3af181..6cc7e1d2b 100644 --- a/exo/25/15.md +++ b/exo/25/15.md @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:arkofthecovenant]] * [[en:tw:arkofthecovenant|ark]] -* [[en:tw:atonement]] +* [[en:tw:atonementlid]] * [[en:tw:biblicaldistance]] * [[en:tw:biblicaldistance|cubit]] * [[en:tw:cherubim]] diff --git a/exo/25/33.md b/exo/25/33.md index 12f7c1d7a..8a4aef023 100644 --- a/exo/25/33.md +++ b/exo/25/33.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand. (See: [[en:bible:notes:exo:25:31]]) +* 32]]) * **almond blossoms** - white or pink flowers that have five petals diff --git a/exo/25/35.md b/exo/25/35.md index 0dfc094fe..3f0416604 100644 --- a/exo/25/35.md +++ b/exo/25/35.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. Yahweh is describing the lampstand. (See: [[en:bible:notes:exo:25:31]]) +* 32]]) * **made as one piece with it** - AT: "you must make them as one piece with the lampstand" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/exo/26/10.md b/exo/26/10.md index f525ea8e0..931de1026 100644 --- a/exo/26/10.md +++ b/exo/26/10.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ * Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. * **fifty loops...first set...second set...clasp** - See how you translated similar words in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:04]]. -* **tent-like covering** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:10]]. +* **tent-like covering** - like covering** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:10]]. diff --git a/exo/26/31.md b/exo/26/31.md index 216973d9f..c161c463b 100644 --- a/exo/26/31.md +++ b/exo/26/31.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. -* **You must make...skillful workman** - You must make...skillful workman- See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:01]]. +* **You must make...skillful workman** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:01]]. * **clasps** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:04]]. diff --git a/exo/26/34.md b/exo/26/34.md index e81ab3d08..f7f22b115 100644 --- a/exo/26/34.md +++ b/exo/26/34.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. -* **atonement lid** - atonement lid- See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:25:15]]. +* **atonement lid** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:25:15]]. diff --git a/exo/27/09.md b/exo/27/09.md index 32a5890ed..d420e6c2c 100644 --- a/exo/27/09.md +++ b/exo/27/09.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **hangings ... fine twined lined** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:36]] +* **hangings ... fine twined linen** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:36]] * **one hundred cubits** - forty-four meters (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) * **posts** - a strong piece of wood set upright and used as a support diff --git a/exo/28/27.md b/exo/28/27.md index aef78f2d5..4b939d328 100644 --- a/exo/28/27.md +++ b/exo/28/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do. * **finely woven waistband** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:28:06]]. * **so that it might be attached** - AT: "so that they may attach it" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the breastplate might not become unattached from the ephod- ** - the breastplate might not become unattached from the ephod- AT: "the breastplate would stay attached to the ephod" +* **the breastplate might not become unattached from the ephod- ** - ** AT: "the breastplate would stay attached to the ephod" diff --git a/exo/28/42.md b/exo/28/42.md index 0bd200315..237e57f8f 100644 --- a/exo/28/42.md +++ b/exo/28/42.md @@ -13,5 +13,4 @@ * God continues to tell Moses what the people must do. * **undergarments** - "underwear." These are clothing worn under the outer clothes, next to the skin. -* **private parts** - AT: "genitals" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **tent of meeting** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:27:20]]. diff --git a/exo/30/05.md b/exo/30/05.md index c6518482c..beb61132b 100644 --- a/exo/30/05.md +++ b/exo/30/05.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:acacia]] * [[en:tw:altarofincense]] * [[en:tw:arkofthecovenant]] -* [[en:tw:atonement]] +* [[en:tw:atonementlid]] * [[en:tw:gold]] * [[en:tw:testimony]] diff --git a/exo/31/10.md b/exo/31/10.md index 3fdb60942..cb48be4c1 100644 --- a/exo/31/10.md +++ b/exo/31/10.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to Moses. * **finely woven** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:28:06]]. -* **these craftsmen** - "these skilled workmen" +* **These craftsmen** - "These skilled workmen" diff --git a/exo/32/01.md b/exo/32/01.md index 5ced5f9d8..0d3052f22 100644 --- a/exo/32/01.md +++ b/exo/32/01.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **the people saw** - This expression means that the people realized. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Come, make us...** - the word "come" here refers to a very strong request or demand. -* **go before us** - go before us- AT: "lead us" or "be our leader" +* **go before us** - AT: "lead us" or "be our leader" * **bring them to me** - "them" refers to the golden rings. diff --git a/exo/32/05.md b/exo/32/05.md index 82dd59224..599aef8a0 100644 --- a/exo/32/05.md +++ b/exo/32/05.md @@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **When Aaron saw this** - "This" refers to the reaction of the people. (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* ** carouse in wild celebration** - to give oneself wholly in unrestrained eating, drinking and sexual behavior. +* ** carouse in wild celebration** - to give oneself wholly in unrestrained eating, drinking and willingness to sleep with people. diff --git a/exo/32/09.md b/exo/32/09.md index 0759d8014..74638e310 100644 --- a/exo/32/09.md +++ b/exo/32/09.md @@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ * **Now then** - "Now" is used here to mark a break in the main storyline. Here God explains why He will take action. * **burn hot** - "be very angry" -* **from you** - from you- "you" refers to Moses. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **great power...mighty hand** - great power...mighty hand- These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **mighty hand** - "hand" refers to Yahweh (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche -* ]]) +* **from you** - "you" refers to Moses. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **great power...mighty hand** - These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **mighty hand** - Here the word "hand" refers to Yahweh's power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/exo/32/15.md b/exo/32/15.md index bb11282b5..694f79dc3 100644 --- a/exo/32/15.md +++ b/exo/32/15.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God's own work... the writing was God's own writing** - These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis.(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **The tablets were God's own work, and the writing was God's own writing** - These two phrases share similar meanings. The second explains how the tablets were "God's own work."(See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/exo/32/19.md b/exo/32/19.md index 910c0710b..f3e074457 100644 --- a/exo/32/19.md +++ b/exo/32/19.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **tablets** - tablets- the ten commandments +* **tablets** - the ten commandments diff --git a/exo/34/05.md b/exo/34/05.md index e50e70ada..3cd7d86b9 100644 --- a/exo/34/05.md +++ b/exo/34/05.md @@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ * **and abounding in** - "and always shows" or "and is full of" * **covenant faithfulness** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:20:04]] * **But he will** - Yahweh is speaking about himself. -* **I will by no means clear the guilty** - This means that God will surely punish those who are guilty. AT: “I will punish those who are guilty.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **he will by no means clear the guilty** - This means that God will surely punish those who are guilty. AT: “he will punish those who are guilty.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/exo/34/08.md b/exo/34/08.md index 3dbc3e812..d5aa6c05d 100644 --- a/exo/34/08.md +++ b/exo/34/08.md @@ -17,3 +17,4 @@ * **found favor in your sight** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:33:12]]. * **my Lord** - The Hebrew here actually is “my Lord,” and not “Yahweh.” * **please go among us** - Here "us" refers to Moses and the people of Israel. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **our iniquity and our sin** - The words "iniquity" and "sin" mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/exo/34/19.md b/exo/34/19.md index d2777cd89..7b661de5b 100644 --- a/exo/34/19.md +++ b/exo/34/19.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do. * **buy back** - Firstborn sons and firstborn donkeys belonged to Yahweh, but Yahweh did not want them sacrificed to Him. Instead, the Israelites were to sacrifice a lamb in their place. This allowed the Israelites to “buy” the donkeys and sons from Yahweh. -* **no one may appear before me empty-handed** - "no one may come to me without an offering." AT: "Every person who comes to me must bring an offering" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **no one may appear before me empty-handed** - handed** - "no one may come to me without an offering." AT: "Every person who comes to me must bring an offering" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/exo/34/32.md b/exo/34/32.md index 28ecf5e15..52f58d94f 100644 --- a/exo/34/32.md +++ b/exo/34/32.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **he put a veil over his face** - he put a veil over his face- AT: "He put a veil over his face because it was still shining." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **he put a veil over his face** - AT: "He put a veil over his face because it was still shining." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/exo/35/10.md b/exo/35/10.md index 62f76feaa..7545ef717 100644 --- a/exo/35/10.md +++ b/exo/35/10.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Moses continues telling the people what God commanded them to do. -* **Every skilled man** - Every skilled man- "Every man with a skill" +* **Every skilled man** - "Every man with a skill" * **clasp** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:26:04]]. * **bases** - These are heavy objects that rest on the ground and keep the object attached to them from moving. See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:25:31]]. * **atonement lid** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:25:15]]. diff --git a/exo/35/34.md b/exo/35/34.md index 3e71b95ee..2ecb79c08 100644 --- a/exo/35/34.md +++ b/exo/35/34.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **Oholiab, son of Ahisamach, from the tribe of Dan** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:exo:31:06]]. * **engravers** - a person who cuts designs into a hard material such as wood or stone * **embroiderer** - a person who sews designs into cloth -* **craftsman** - craftsman- a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand +* **craftsman** - a person who is skilled in making beautiful objects by hand * **weavers** - a person who creates cloth using thread * **artistic designers** - a person who creates beauty with materials diff --git a/exo/38/24.md b/exo/38/24.md index 7ec36842c..90b311a99 100644 --- a/exo/38/24.md +++ b/exo/38/24.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **All the gold that was used for the project** - AT: "All the gold that the people used for the project" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **twenty-nine...one hundred...twenty** - "29...100...20" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **twenty-nine...one hundred...twenty** - nine...one hundred...twenty** - "29...100...20" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **measured by the standard of the sanctuary shekel** - See how you translated a similar phrase in [[en:bible:notes:exo:30:11]]. * **The silver given by the community** - AT: "The silver which the community gave" * **This figure was reached on the basis of every person who was counted in the census** - Every man that was 20 years old or older were included in the census and where required to give half a shekel. diff --git a/exo/39/10.md b/exo/39/10.md index c9c5a055e..4aac98d42 100644 --- a/exo/39/10.md +++ b/exo/39/10.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. -* **They set...in gold settings** - For 39:10-13 see how you translated many of these words in [[en:bible:notes:exo:28:17]]. * **They set in it** - "The workers set in the breastpiece" +* **precious stones** - Twelve very rare and expensive stones are listed. The are almost the same stone that are listed in [[:en:bible:notes:exo:28:17]]. Some languages may not have words of each of these stones. The important fact is that they were valuable, and different from one another. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **The stones were mounted in gold settings** - "They mounted the stones in gold settings" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/exo/39/21.md b/exo/39/21.md index a564894ef..057ace195 100644 --- a/exo/39/21.md +++ b/exo/39/21.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * Bezalel's work crew continues to make the priestly garments. * **They tied...had commanded Moses** - For 39:21 see how you translated many of these words in [[en:bible:notes:exo:28:27]]. * **so that it might be attached** - AT: "so they could attach it" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod- ** - the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod- AT: "the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **the breastpiece might not become unattached from the ephod- ** - ** AT: "the breastpiece would stay attached to the ephod" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/ezk/01/01.md b/ezk/01/01.md index 3ce211eb0..435d4639d 100644 --- a/ezk/01/01.md +++ b/ezk/01/01.md @@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the fourth month, and the fifth day of the month** - "the fifth day of the fourth month." This was probably the fourth month of a calendar that people used then. (See: Talink: Biblical Times) +* **the fourth month, and the fifth day of the month** - "the fifth day of the fourth month." This was probably the fourth month of a calendar that people used then. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimemonth]]) * **it came about that** - This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **I was living among the captives** - The word "I" refers to Ezekiel. This can be translated as "I was one of the captives." * **I saw visions of God** - Alternate translations: "I saw visions from God" or "God showed me visions." * **The word of Yahweh came with power to Ezekiel the priest** - Alternate translations: "Yahweh's message came powerfully to Ezekiel the priest" or "Yahweh spoke this message powerfully to Ezekiel the priest" * **the son of Buzi** - The word "Buzi" is the name of a man. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the Chebar canal** - This is a river that people in Chaldea had dug to give water to their gardens. Alternate translation: "the Chebar River." -* **hand of Yahweh** - The term "hand" is often used to refer to God's power and action. Alternate translation: "the power of God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], Anthropomorphism) -* **Yahweh** - This is the name of God that He revealed to His people in the Old Testament. See the note on the Important Term page concerning how to translate this. +* **the hand of Yahweh** - The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate translation: "the power of Yahweh" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Yahweh** - This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the note on the Important Term page concerning how to translate this. diff --git a/ezk/01/17.md b/ezk/01/17.md index 37914bdbb..7efeb07be 100644 --- a/ezk/01/17.md +++ b/ezk/01/17.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **they went in any direction** - they went in any direction- "the wheels were able to go in any of the four directions that they where pointed in" +* **they went in any direction** - "the wheels were able to go in any of the four directions that they where pointed in" * **As for their rims** - "This is what the rims of the wheels looked like" * **they were high and fearsome** - "the rims were very tall and awe-inspiring" or "the rims where tall and frightening" * **for the rims were full of eyes round about** - "because the rims had very many eyes around all four of the wheels" diff --git a/ezk/01/19.md b/ezk/01/19.md index 173972ae1..0ee62a7b0 100644 --- a/ezk/01/19.md +++ b/ezk/01/19.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **When the living creatures rose up from the earth** - It was implied that the creatures were flying in the air after they left the ground. Alternate translation: "So when the creatures left the ground and went up into the air." (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the wheels also rose up** - "the wheels also left the ground and went into the air" * **Wherever the Spirit moved, they moved** - The word "they" refers to the creatures. -* ** the wheels rose up beside them** - "the wheels went up into the air with the living creatures" +* **the wheels rose up beside them** - "the wheels went up into the air with the living creatures" * **the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels** - "the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels too" diff --git a/ezk/01/22.md b/ezk/01/22.md index 2326667e9..a52a66947 100644 --- a/ezk/01/22.md +++ b/ezk/01/22.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **an expansive dome** - A dome looks like a hollow ball that is cut in half. "Expansive" means very large. Alternate translation: "a huge bowl" -* **awe-inspiring crystal** - "awe-inspiring ice" or "crystal that makes people marvel when they look at it" +* **awe-inspiring crystal** - inspiring crystal** - "awe-inspiring ice" or "crystal that makes people marvel when they look at it" * **stretched out over their heads above** - "and the expansive dome was spread out above the heads of the creatures" or "and the expansive dome took up a lot of space over the heads of the creatures" * **Beneath the dome** - "under the dome" * **Each of the living creatures also had a pair to cover themselves—each had a pair to cover his own body** - "Each of the living creatures also had two other wings, which they used to cover their bodies" diff --git a/ezk/01/27.md b/ezk/01/27.md index 01313748c..9e82aff83 100644 --- a/ezk/01/27.md +++ b/ezk/01/27.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ * Ezekiel continues to tell about the vision. * **from his hips up** - The person's body above the hips looked like glowing metal that had fire in it. -* **all around** - all around- "all around the person sitting on the throne" +* **all around** - "all around the person sitting on the throne" * **from his hips downward it looked like fire and brightness all around** - "All around him below the hips, I saw what looked like fire and a bright light." * **It looked like a rainbow that appears in the clouds on a rainy day—and like bright light surrounding it.** - This can be translated as "The brightness that was all around him looked like a rainbow that appears in the clouds on a day when it rains." * **rainbow** - A rainbow is a colorful strip of light that appears in the sky when it rains. * **This appeared as the likeness of the glory of Yahweh** - This can be translated as: "The bright light looked like something that was similar to the glory of Yahweh." * **I fell on my face** - "I bowed down to the ground" or "I lay on the ground." Ezekiel did not fall by accident. He went down to the ground to show that he respected and feared Yahweh. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **I heard a voice speaking** - Alternate translation: "I heard someone speaking" or "I heard the voice of someone speaking (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **I heard a voice speaking** - AT: "I heard someone speaking" or "I heard the voice of someone speaking (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/ezk/02/09.md b/ezk/02/09.md index cc9210377..7f78f1b9e 100644 --- a/ezk/02/09.md +++ b/ezk/02/09.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **a written scroll** - a written scroll "a scroll that had writing on it" +* **a written scroll** - "a scroll that had writing on it" * **He spread it out** - The word "He" refers to the Spirit, who opens the scroll. * **words were written on both sides of the scroll** - "writing was on the front and back of the scroll" * **mourning** - great sorrow and sadness such as what people feel when someone dies diff --git a/ezk/03/04.md b/ezk/03/04.md index d52b9a834..4e8e86033 100644 --- a/ezk/03/04.md +++ b/ezk/03/04.md @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ * **of a strange speech or a difficult language** - "who speak a strange or difficult language." * **not to a mighty nation of strange speech** - "I am not sending you to a mighty nation whose people speak a strange language" * **If I sent you to them** - The word "them" refers to a mighty nation other than Israel. -* **stubborn-browed and hard-hearted** - "stubborn and rebellious" or "stubborn and unrepentant." Together they mean "very stubborn." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **stubborn-browed and hard-hearted** - browed and hard-hearted** - "stubborn and rebellious" or "stubborn and unrepentant." Together they mean "very stubborn." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/ezk/03/14.md b/ezk/03/14.md index 2c44c23f9..3907d8e28 100644 --- a/ezk/03/14.md +++ b/ezk/03/14.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **with bitterness in my spirit's rage** - The words "bitterness" and "rage" are types of anger. Alternate translations: I was indignant and my spirit was full of anger" or "I was very indignant and angry." -* **hand of Yahweh** - The term "hand" is often used to refer to God's power and action. Alternate translation: "the power of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], Anthropomorphism) +* **the hand of Yahweh** - The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate translation: "the power of Yahweh." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **for the hand of Yahweh was powerfully pressing on me** - "I felt Yahweh pushing me very powerfully" (UDB). -* **Tel-abib** - A town in Babylon, about 80 kilometers southeast of the main city which was also called Babylon. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Tel-abib** - abib** - A town in Babylon, about 80 kilometers southeast of the main city which was also called Babylon. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the Chebar canal** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:01:01]]. * **overwhelmed in amazement** - The word "overwhelmed" refers to having a powerful emotion that often comes by surprise and takes all of a person's focus. diff --git a/ezk/03/16.md b/ezk/03/16.md index 465ab24a4..0a1db0176 100644 --- a/ezk/03/16.md +++ b/ezk/03/16.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Ezekiel tells about his experience at Tel-Abib. +* Abib. * **The word of Yahweh came to me and said** - Alternate translations: "Yahweh's message came to me" or "Yahweh gave me this message" or "Yahweh spoke this message to me." * **Son of man** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:02:01]]. * **house of Israel** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:03:01]]. diff --git a/ezk/03/22.md b/ezk/03/22.md index 8211f3019..206eaa1c5 100644 --- a/ezk/03/22.md +++ b/ezk/03/22.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **hand of Yahweh** - The term "hand" is often used to refer to God's power and action. Alternate translation: "the power of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], Anthropomorphism) +* **the hand of Yahweh** - The word "hand" is often used to refer to someone's power or action. Alternate translation: "the power of Yahweh." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **I fell on my face** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:01:27]]. diff --git a/ezk/05/11.md b/ezk/05/11.md index 841c15629..1a3e34e39 100644 --- a/ezk/05/11.md +++ b/ezk/05/11.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues to speak to the people of Israel and Judah. -* **Therefore, as I live"--this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration** - This can be reordered: "This is the Lord Yahweh's declaration. 'Therefore, as I live.'" +* **Therefore, as I live"--this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration** - -this is the Lord Yahweh's declaration** - This can be reordered: "This is the Lord Yahweh's declaration. 'Therefore, as I live.'" * **as I live** - "as surely as I live." God said this to show that what he was about to say was true. This can be translated as “as true as it is that I am alive, it is true that” * **with all your hateful things** - "with all of those things of yours that I hate." It can be made explicit that this refers to idols: "with all your idols, which I hate" or "with all your disgusting idols." (See: UDB and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **and with all your disgusting deeds** - "and with all the disgusting things that you do" diff --git a/ezk/06/08.md b/ezk/06/08.md index 301bda06b..43ce457e3 100644 --- a/ezk/06/08.md +++ b/ezk/06/08.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **when you are scattered throughout the countries** - "when you go live in different countries" * **I was grieved** - "I was saddened" * **by their promiscuous heart that turned away from me** - A promiscuous person is not faithful to the one they married but has many sexual partners. Alternate translations: "by their unfaithful heart that turned away from me" or "because they were like a promiscuous wife and left me" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **and by their eyes that whored after their idols** - A person who whores is one who gives sexual favors to other people. The people of Israel were like a prostitute because they were worshiping idols rather than God. Alternate translations: "and by their eyes that looked to idols and worshiped them" or "because they were like a prostitute and worship their idols" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **and by their eyes that prostituted after their idols** - The people of Israel were like a prostitute because they were worshiping idols rather than God. Alternate translations: "and by their eyes that looked to idols and worshiped them" or "because they were like a prostitute and worship their idols" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **they will show loathing on their face for the wickedness which they have committed** - Possible meanings are 1) "they will hate themselves because of the wicked things they did" or 2) "they will hate the wicked things that they did." Alternate translation "Their faces will show their hatred for the wickedness that they did." diff --git a/ezk/08/01.md b/ezk/08/01.md index d8e6a1c86..ff4b5c705 100644 --- a/ezk/08/01.md +++ b/ezk/08/01.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * Ezekiel tells about another vision he saw. * **So it came about** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -* **the hand of the Lord Yahweh again fell on me** - The word "hand" is often used to refer to power and actions. AT: "the power of Yahweh began to control me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], Anthropomorphism) +* **the hand of the Lord Yahweh again fell on me** - The word "hand" is often used to refer to power or actions. AT: "the power of Yahweh began to control me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **glowing metal** - When metal is very hot, it glows with a yellow or orange light. diff --git a/ezk/08/17.md b/ezk/08/17.md index 740ce24b1..4a0fc22aa 100644 --- a/ezk/08/17.md +++ b/ezk/08/17.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **to provoke me to anger** - "to make me angry" * **holding up branches to their noses** - This may mean "holding up branches to their nose in false worship." * **I will not spare them** - "I will still punish them." -* **Though they cry in my ears with a loud voice** - Alternate translation: "Though they yell their prayers to me with a loud voice" (See: Anthropomorphism) -* **I will not hear them** - I will not listen to them. +* **Though they cry in my ears with a loud voice** - Alternate translation: "Though they yell their prayers to me with a loud voice" +* **I will not hear them** - I will not listen to them diff --git a/ezk/09/09.md b/ezk/09/09.md index 8bbde7456..fb1872bac 100644 --- a/ezk/09/09.md +++ b/ezk/09/09.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **exceedingly great** - "very great" * **The land is full of blood** - "the land is full of violence" or "All over the land people are killing people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the city full of perversions** - Possible meanings are 1) "the city is full of people who pervert justice" or 2) "the city is full of people who do perverse things." Alternate translations: "the city is full of people who act unjustly" (UDB) or "the city has many people who do wicked things" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **my eye will not look with compassion** - "I will not look on them with compassion" or "I will not be compassionate to them." Though God is spirit and does not have physical eyes, he speaks of his eye to talk about how he regards people. (See: Anthropomorphism,[[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **my eye will not look with compassion** - "I will not look on them with compassion" or "I will not be compassionate to them." The eye here refers to how he regards people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **bring it all on their heads** - "bring the effects of what they have done on their heads." It means "I will repay them for what they have done" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **behold** - The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. It can also be translated as “Indeed.” * **linen** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:09:01]]. diff --git a/ezk/12/03.md b/ezk/12/03.md index 9019b92af..546aa5723 100644 --- a/ezk/12/03.md +++ b/ezk/12/03.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Ezekiel is performing another of the acted-out parables. +* out parables. * **Therefore as for you** - "So this is for you" * **Perhaps they will begin to see, though they are a rebellious house** - AT: "Maybe they will begin to understand what you are describing" The word "see" is used to refer to the Jewish people's ability to understand. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/ezk/12/26.md b/ezk/12/26.md index fcd7ae122..80699e1ef 100644 --- a/ezk/12/26.md +++ b/ezk/12/26.md @@ -14,12 +14,9 @@ * **came to me... vision that he...and he prophesies** - The words "me" and "he" refer to Ezekiel. * **say to them** - The word "them" refers to the people of Israel. -* **The Word of Yahweh came to me and said ** - The Word of Yahweh came to me and said - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:03:16]]. +* **The Word of Yahweh came to me and said ** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:03:16]]. * **Behold** - The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. * **The vision that he sees is for many days from now, and he prophesies of far off times** - These phrases are both ways the people of Israel are saying Ezekiel's warnings will not happen in their lifetime but will happen far in the future. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **Thus says the Lord Yahweh** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. * **My words will not be delayed any longer, but the word that I have spoken will be done** - These phrases are both ways God is telling the people of Israel that the things he has warned about, will happen soon. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **This is the Lord Yahweh's declaration** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:11]]. -* ~~DISCUSSION~~ -* {{tag>publish}} -* ~~NOCACHE~~ diff --git a/ezk/13/01.md b/ezk/13/01.md index 0b7186566..b97c5f390 100644 --- a/ezk/13/01.md +++ b/ezk/13/01.md @@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ * **Son of man** - Ezekiel (me) * **prophesying out of their own minds** - prophesying from their own thoughts * **follow their own spirit** - This phrase is used to refer to the prophets doing what they want. The word "spirit" refers to their thoughts and the word "follow" refers to what they do. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Thus says the Lord Yahweh ** - Thus says the Lord Yahweh - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. -* **jackals** - jackals- wild animals like dogs or a small wolves. +* **Thus says the Lord Yahweh ** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. +* **jackals** - wild animals like dogs or a small wolves. * **like jackals in the wastelands** - Like jackals that steal food from other animals in the desert, the prophets steal from the people of Israel when they lie about having messages from God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/ezk/13/08.md b/ezk/13/08.md index e7e073533..cafccc98d 100644 --- a/ezk/13/08.md +++ b/ezk/13/08.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh speaks to the people of Israel and repeats phrases in different ways to express how true they are. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **thus says the Lord Yahweh ** - thus says the Lord Yahweh - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. +* **thus says the Lord Yahweh ** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. * **had false visions and have told lies** - AT: "have lied about having messages from God" * **Lord Yahweh's declaration** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:11]]. * **My hand will be against the prophets** - The term “hand” is often used in reference to Yahweh's power. diff --git a/ezk/13/20.md b/ezk/13/20.md index 56de35563..1bb429586 100644 --- a/ezk/13/20.md +++ b/ezk/13/20.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **thus says the Lord Yahweh ** - thus says the Lord Yahweh - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. +* **thus says the Lord Yahweh ** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. * **charms** - objects that are believed to have magic powers -* **ensnare ** - ensnare - "to trap." A snare is a small looped rope that catches something by the foot. +* **ensnare ** - "to trap." A snare is a small looped rope that catches something by the foot. * **ensnare the people's lives as if they were birds...people whom you have trapped like birds** - Yahweh is comparing the prophetesses' decorations to traps for a bird. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **tear them from your arms** - The word "arms" refers to the control by the prophetesses. The lies they use to control the people of Israel are like arms that hold them back from escaping. AT: "take them away from your control" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **they will no longer be trapped in your hands ** - To say they will not be trapped is the same as saying they will be free. The phrase "trapped in your hand" refers to the people of Israel being in the control of the false prophetesses. AT: "they will be free from you control" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]], [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/ezk/14/09.md b/ezk/14/09.md index 095d2cd71..787e96585 100644 --- a/ezk/14/09.md +++ b/ezk/14/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I will stretch out my hand against him** - I will stretch out my hand against him- God's hand refers to what he does. AT: "I will work against him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **I will stretch out my hand against him** - God's hand refers to what he does. AT: "I will work against him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **they will carry their own iniquity** - AT: they will be responsible for what they have done wrong" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **will no longer wander away from following me** - The phrase "wander away from following me" compares not doing what God wants to walking away from him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/ezk/14/21.md b/ezk/14/21.md index 94716b3d8..e1b211bb9 100644 --- a/ezk/14/21.md +++ b/ezk/14/21.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **from her - ** - The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. +* **from her - ** - ** The word "her" refers to Jerusalem. diff --git a/ezk/16/15.md b/ezk/16/15.md index 14f103cbe..3496ec24e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/15.md +++ b/ezk/16/15.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ * Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem and the people of Israel as his wife. * **But you trusted in your own beauty** - "thought your own beauty could provide for your needs" -* **acted like a whore** - Compares the people of Israel worshiping idols with a woman who is paid to have sex with strangers. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **acted like a prostitute** - This compares the people of Israel worshiping idols with a woman who is paid to sleep with strangers. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **poured out** - Something given quickly in a large amount is like pouring water out of a bowl. AT: "freely gave away" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **This should not have come about! It should not have been** - Yahweh is speaking with emotion. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/ezk/16/25.md b/ezk/16/25.md index 59b124da5..6972a75be 100644 --- a/ezk/16/25.md +++ b/ezk/16/25.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem and the people of Israel as his unfaithful wife. * **head of every road ** - The beginning of the road is referred to as its head. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **you opened up your legs** - you opened up your legs- describes a woman's willingness to have sex. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **you opened up your legs** - describes a woman's willingness to have sex. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/ezk/16/27.md b/ezk/16/27.md index 3c5a66cef..cf569900e 100644 --- a/ezk/16/27.md +++ b/ezk/16/27.md @@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ * Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem and the people of Israel as his unfaithful wife. * **I will strike you with my hand** - AT: "I will act against you with my power" -* **cut off your food** - cut off your food refers to stopping the supply of food. +* **cut off your food** - refers to stopping the supply of food. * **I will hand your life over** - "I will give your life over" * **the daughters of the Philistines** - Since Jerusalem has been referred to as a young woman, her enemy the Philistines are also referred to as young women. diff --git a/ezk/16/35.md b/ezk/16/35.md index f4f25d68d..03ace1080 100644 --- a/ezk/16/35.md +++ b/ezk/16/35.md @@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ * Yahweh continues to speak about Jerusalem and the people of Israel as his unfaithful wife. * **poured your lust out** - The phrase "poured out" refers to giving of something without holding back and compares the woman freely acting on her lustful desires to water being poured out. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **exposed your genitals** - AT: "allowed other to see you completely naked" * **the blood of your children that you gave to your idols** - This refers to killing children as a sacrifice to idols. * **behold** - alerts us to pay attention to what follows. * **nakedness** - The word "nakedness" refers to a person being without clothing but also refers to seeing all of a person's faults. (See:[[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/ezk/16/49.md b/ezk/16/49.md index 68322c6b2..1a247ccb0 100644 --- a/ezk/16/49.md +++ b/ezk/16/49.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues to refer to other nations as relatives of Jerusalem. -* **leisure, carelessness and unconcerned about anything** - leisure, carelessness and unconcerned about anything- All three of these phrases refer to how the people of Sodom were rich and did not have to work for food. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **leisure, carelessness and unconcerned about anything** - All three of these phrases refer to how the people of Sodom were rich and did not have to work for food. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **The hands of the poor and needy reached out to her and her daughters** - AT: "The poor asked her and her daughters for help" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) AT: "the poor who are in need" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/ezk/16/53.md b/ezk/16/53.md index e0f11f22e..909e61007 100644 --- a/ezk/16/53.md +++ b/ezk/16/53.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * Yahweh continues to refer to other nations as relatives of Jerusalem. * **fortunes** - "wealth" -* **you will show your shame; you will be humiliated** - you will show your shame; you will be humiliated- Both of these phrases refer to Yahweh punishing Jerusalem in public. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **you will show your shame; you will be humiliated** - Both of these phrases refer to Yahweh punishing Jerusalem in public. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/ezk/17/01.md b/ezk/17/01.md index 8d9e820ce..2a1d67a0e 100644 --- a/ezk/17/01.md +++ b/ezk/17/01.md @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ * **Thus says the Lord Yahweh** - "This is what the Lord Yahweh says." The phrase is the beginning of the words Yahweh wants Ezekiel to say to the people of Israel. See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. * **A great eagle** - "a very big eagle" * **long pinions, full of feathers** - The word "pinion" means the outer end of the wings. Alternate translation: "the ends of its wings were long and full of feathers." -* **that was multi-colored** - This refers to the eagle. +* **that was multi-colored** - colored** - This refers to the eagle. * **It broke off the tips of the branches** - "It broke off the highest part of the tree" * **brought them** - "brought the top of the tree" or "brought the branches" * **he planted it in a city of merchants** - A merchant is a person who sells things. "He put it in a city that had many merchants" or "The eagle planted the top of the tree in a city that was known for its markets." diff --git a/ezk/17/15.md b/ezk/17/15.md index e43b9931a..5735b8a62 100644 --- a/ezk/17/15.md +++ b/ezk/17/15.md @@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh speaks about the king of Jerusalem rebelling against the king of Babylon. -* **Will he succeed? - ** - - AT: "He will certainly not succeed" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Will he succeed? - ** - ** - AT: "He will certainly not succeed" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Will the one doing these things escape?** - AT: "The one doing these things will not escape!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **If he violates the covenant, will he escape?** - AT: "If he violates the covenant, he will certainly not escape!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) "Violate" means to do what was agreed on. diff --git a/ezk/18/12.md b/ezk/18/12.md index 59618891f..b121b8c62 100644 --- a/ezk/18/12.md +++ b/ezk/18/12.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * Yahweh continues to speak about the violent son. * **the poor and needy** - Both of these are people who are poor. Needy people are those who need help to survive. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **charging interest** - The word 'interest' refers to money added to a debt. -* **should he live? ** - should he live? - "He should not live!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **should he live? ** - "He should not live!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **his blood is upon him** - This phrase means he is responsible for his own death. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/ezk/18/18.md b/ezk/18/18.md index 837167c3b..eed9a7862 100644 --- a/ezk/18/18.md +++ b/ezk/18/18.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh speaks about the son's father who has not obeyed God's law. -* **extortion** - extortion- to take something from someone else by using threats or force. -* **Behold ** - Behold - The world "behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. +* **extortion** - to take something from someone else by using threats or force. +* **Behold ** - The world "behold" here adds emphasis to what follows. diff --git a/ezk/18/25.md b/ezk/18/25.md index 3f124cf70..68b58f40e 100644 --- a/ezk/18/25.md +++ b/ezk/18/25.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **dies because of them...dies in the iniquity that he has done** - dies because of them...dies in the iniquity that he has done- These phrases repeat the thought of a man dying because of his sin to express that it was his fault and the fault of no one else. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **dies because of them...dies in the iniquity that he has done** - These phrases repeat the thought of a man dying because of his sin to express that it was his fault and the fault of no one else. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/ezk/18/29.md b/ezk/18/29.md index d3e0614e9..20e95d2b4 100644 --- a/ezk/18/29.md +++ b/ezk/18/29.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues to teach the people of Israel why his way is fair. -* **How is my way not fair, house of Israel? ** - How is my way not fair, house of Israel? - AT: "My way is certainly fair, people of Israel." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). -* **How is your way not fair? - ** - AT: "It is your ways that are not fair" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Each man among you according to his own way ** - Each man among you according to his own way - AT: "the actions of each man." +* **How is my way not fair, house of Israel? ** - AT: "My way is certainly fair, people of Israel." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). +* **How is your way not fair? - ** - ** AT: "It is your ways that are not fair" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Each man among you according to his own way ** - AT: "the actions of each man." * **so that they will not** - "they" refers to all the transgressions of the people of Israel. diff --git a/ezk/19/05.md b/ezk/19/05.md index 6c2ab3eb0..bd674e53c 100644 --- a/ezk/19/05.md +++ b/ezk/19/05.md @@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ * [[en:tw:hope]] * [[en:tw:lion]] * [[en:tw:ruin]] +* [[en:tw:seize]] +* [[en:tw:sex]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/ezk/21/28.md b/ezk/21/28.md index b25d4d6be..c0d8aeb87 100644 --- a/ezk/21/28.md +++ b/ezk/21/28.md @@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ * **Son of man** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:02:01]]. * **is drawn** - "is out of its sheath" +* **While prophets see empty visions for you** - The word "you" refers to the nation of Ammon. In the original language, it is feminine singular, because nations were often thought of as a woman. This continues through verse 32. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]). * **empty visions** - "visions that are not true" diff --git a/ezk/21/32.md b/ezk/21/32.md index da582367d..f3d5d5d06 100644 --- a/ezk/21/32.md +++ b/ezk/21/32.md @@ -7,4 +7,3 @@ * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the people of Ammon. * **You will become fuel for the fire** - "The fire will burn you up" -* **You** - The word "your" is feminine singular and refers to the nation of Ammon. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_yousingular]]) diff --git a/ezk/22/01.md b/ezk/22/01.md index 7348b25f1..d9319dfae 100644 --- a/ezk/22/01.md +++ b/ezk/22/01.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **Son of man, will you judge? Will you judge the city of blood?** - AT: "Son of man, go and judge. Go and judge the city of blood." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **city of blood** - Yahweh refers to Jerusalem as the city of blood. This refers to the murders and violence that happen in Jerusalem. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **her...herself** - Jerusalem is referred to as a woman. +* **her...herself** - The word “her” refers to Jerusalem. Cities were often thought of as a woman. This continues through verse 32. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]). diff --git a/ezk/22/10.md b/ezk/22/10.md index 11e2fb0f9..caa59ab53 100644 --- a/ezk/22/10.md +++ b/ezk/22/10.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * God continues to speak through Ezekiel about the terrible things that the people of Jerusalem have done. * **you/they** - These pronouns refer to Jerusalem (the people of Jerusalem). * **The nakedness of a father is revealed** - This is the father's wife. It is the nakedness that is only meant for him to see. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **abused...commit abominations with...make their own daughters-in-law shamefully unclean** - These are all ways to express that the men have had sexual relations with women they should not have and how sinful their actions are. +* **abused...commit abominations with...make their own daughters-in-law shamefully unclean** - in-law shamefully unclean** - These are all ways to express that the men have had sexual relations with women they should not have and how sinful their actions are. * **interest** - additional money charged in order to borrow money. * **excessive** - more than is needed * **you have forgotten me** - refusing to obey Yahweh is like forgetting that he exists. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/01.md b/ezk/23/01.md index 24057f2a9..6326e62ae 100644 --- a/ezk/23/01.md +++ b/ezk/23/01.md @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh tells Ezekiel a story about two young women in Egypt to express how he views the behavior of the people of Israel. -* * **They acted as prostitutes in Egypt...They acted as prostitutes there. Their breasts were squeezed and their virgin nipples were fondled there** - All three of these phrases are saying the same thing in a slightly different way. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **Their virgin breasts were squeezed and fondled there** - AT: "There men squeezed and fondled their virgin breasts" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **fondled** - to be touched lovingly or softly * **Oholah** - This is a female name that means "her tent." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Oholibah** - This is a female name that means "my tent is in her." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/08.md b/ezk/23/08.md index b7ae37179..6d3954885 100644 --- a/ezk/23/08.md +++ b/ezk/23/08.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues telling his story to Ezekiel about his unfaithful wife Oholah. -* **slept with her...fondle her virgin nipples...pour out their promiscuous behavior** - All of these phrases are different ways to refer to her behavior as a prostitute in Egypt. It is repeated in different ways to express how shockingly sinful her behavior was. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **slept with her...fondle her virgin breasts...pour out their promiscuous behavior** - All of these phrases are different ways to refer to her behavior as a prostitute in Egypt. It is repeated in different ways to express how shockingly sinful her behavior was. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **had slept with her** - This is a mild way to say they had sexual relations with her. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **to pour out their promiscuous behavior** - The phrase "pour out" uses the thought of water pouring out to express something happening in a great amount. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians** - The word "hand" refers to what someone has control over. This phrase is repeated to emphasize that the Assyrians were her lovers. AT: "I gave her over to her lovers, I allowed the Assyrians to take control over her" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]], [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/14.md b/ezk/23/14.md index 3b3f52af4..eef2a81cc 100644 --- a/ezk/23/14.md +++ b/ezk/23/14.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues telling the story about his unfaithful wife Oholibah to Ezekiel. -* **Turban ** - Turban - a hat made out of long cloth and wrapped around the top of a man's head. +* **Turban ** - a hat made out of long cloth and wrapped around the top of a man's head. diff --git a/ezk/23/16.md b/ezk/23/16.md index 4ca98bae7..24a71a379 100644 --- a/ezk/23/16.md +++ b/ezk/23/16.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * Yahweh continues telling the story about his unfaithful wife Oholibah to Ezekiel. * * -* **her soul turned away from them** - her soul turned away from them- The word "soul" refers to thoughts and emotions. Changing from wanting something to hating it is described as turning away from it. AT: "her emotions regarding them changed from desire to disgust" +* **her soul turned away from them** - The word "soul" refers to thoughts and emotions. Changing from wanting something to hating it is described as turning away from it. AT: "her emotions regarding them changed from desire to disgust" diff --git a/ezk/23/20.md b/ezk/23/20.md index 1e1cd940a..f01f9b32c 100644 --- a/ezk/23/20.md +++ b/ezk/23/20.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh finishes speaking about Oholibah and the Assyrians and starts speaking to Oholibah. -* **whose genitals were those of donkeys, and whose phallus acted like the phallus of horses** - impossibly large to show that Oholibah's desire for them was based on how she felt they were more impressive than any other human male could be. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **whose private parts were like those of donkeys, and whose reproductive emissions were like those of horses** - Impossibly large, in order to show how wicked was Oholibah's desire. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/22.md b/ezk/23/22.md index 30ee0d3d3..7d6cd9f69 100644 --- a/ezk/23/22.md +++ b/ezk/23/22.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Behold ** - Behold - This can be translated as “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” -* **Pekod, Shoa, and Koa** - Pekod, Shoa, and Koa- These are people groups who lived in Babylonia. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Behold ** - This can be translated as “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” +* **Pekod, Shoa, and Koa** - These are people groups who lived in Babylonia. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/28.md b/ezk/23/28.md index fcbfd12d7..6e3fd9e02 100644 --- a/ezk/23/28.md +++ b/ezk/23/28.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Behold ** - Behold - The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. AT: “Indeed” +* **Behold ** - The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. AT: “Indeed” * **naked and bare** - Both of these words have the same meaning. Both are used to emphasize that she will have nothing. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **prostitution...shameful behavior...promiscuousness** - These all describe the same actions in different ways. This is done to emphasize what Oholibah did was wrong. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/32.md b/ezk/23/32.md index b60f2b757..43056c216 100644 --- a/ezk/23/32.md +++ b/ezk/23/32.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **You will drink your sister's cup** - Drinking the from the same cup is another way to say they will experience the same thing. AT: "You will experience the same punishment as your sister" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **which is deep and large** - which is deep and large- This refers to the amount of punishment received. AT: "which is severe" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **which is deep and large** - This refers to the amount of punishment received. AT: "which is severe" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **a laughingstock...a subject for derision** - Both of these phrases refer to a person who is laughed at and criticized because of their foolish behavior. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **this cup contains a great amount** - This sentence doesn't say what is in the cup because it is understood by reading [[en:bible:notes:ezk:23:30]]. AT: "this cup contains a great amount of punishment" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) diff --git a/ezk/23/40.md b/ezk/23/40.md index 826daf399..431712a9e 100644 --- a/ezk/23/40.md +++ b/ezk/23/40.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Ezekiel speaks to Oholah and Oholibah. -* **behold ** - behold - This can be translated as "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you." +* **behold ** - This can be translated as "Look" or "Listen" or "Pay attention to what I am about to tell you." * **you bathed, painted your eyes, and adorned yourself with jewelry** - These are things done by a woman to make her appear more beautiful to a man. * **my incense and my oil** - items used in worship to Yahweh. diff --git a/ezk/24/11.md b/ezk/24/11.md index 6a26eaa77..9c2ef1f45 100644 --- a/ezk/24/11.md +++ b/ezk/24/11.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **scorch** - to burn the surface of something. * **corrosion** - when something causes metal to break apart and rust. * **consumed** - "burnt away" -* **She has become weary** - She has become weary AT: "Jerusalem has become tired" +* **She has become weary** - AT: "Jerusalem has become tired" * **toil** - difficult labor. diff --git a/ezk/25/08.md b/ezk/25/08.md index 723c9ceb2..f442c5af2 100644 --- a/ezk/25/08.md +++ b/ezk/25/08.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **Thus says the Lord Yahweh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:05:05]]. * **Behold!** - AT: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” * **I will open the slopes of Moab starting at his cities on the borders** - AT: "I will open the path to Moab by destroying the cities on its borders" -* **the splendor of Beth Jeshimoth, Baal-Meon, and Kiraiathaim** - AT: "I will start at the great cities of Beth Jeshimoth, Baal-Meon, and Kiraiathaim." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **the splendor of Beth Jeshimoth, Baal-Meon, and Kiraiathaim** - Meon, and Kiraiathaim** - AT: "I will start at the great cities of Beth Jeshimoth, Baal-Meon, and Kiraiathaim." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **to the children of the east who were against the sons of Ammon** - AT: "I will send the same army from the nations in the east who attacked Ammon." * **And I will give them up as a possession so the sons of Ammon will not be remembered among the nations.** - AT: "I will cause the armies to conquer Ammon so no one will even remember them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **they will know that I am Yahweh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:06:06]]. diff --git a/ezk/26/19.md b/ezk/26/19.md index 86685396a..401917737 100644 --- a/ezk/26/19.md +++ b/ezk/26/19.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. -* **make you** - The word "you" is feminine singular and refers to the city of Tyre. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) +* **make you** - The word “you” refers to the city of Tyre. In the original language it is feminine singular, because nations were often thought of as a woman. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/ezk/27/24.md b/ezk/27/24.md index 5b7075f56..3f8f3cd82 100644 --- a/ezk/27/24.md +++ b/ezk/27/24.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Tyre. * **ornate robes of violet cloths with woven colors** - "purple robes with many different colors" -* **blankets of multicolored, embroidered, and well-woven cloth** - "blankets with many colors that had designs and were of high quality" +* **blankets of multicolored, embroidered, and well-woven cloth** - woven cloth** - "blankets with many colors that had designs and were of high quality" * **in the heart of the seas** - "in the middle of all the trading routes for sea-trade." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/ezk/29/08.md b/ezk/29/08.md index 6bc1f09fa..51594f068 100644 --- a/ezk/29/08.md +++ b/ezk/29/08.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh. * **Behold** - AT: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you” -* **a sword against you** - The word "you" is feminine singular and refers to the nation of Egypt. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_yousingular]]) +* **a sword against you** - The word "you" is feminine singular and refers to the nation of Egypt. Nations were often thought as if they were individual women. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_gendernotations]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_yousingular]]) * **against you** - The word "you" is masculine singular and refers Pharaoh. * **From the Migdol to Syene** - AT: "In all of Egypt" or "From the northern border of Egypt to the southern border of Egypt." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) diff --git a/ezk/29/11.md b/ezk/29/11.md index e0d8c2136..5c0e77f8e 100644 --- a/ezk/29/11.md +++ b/ezk/29/11.md @@ -9,5 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh. -* * -* **No beast’s foot will pass through it** - "No animal will walk through it."(See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:figures:synecdoche]]) +* **No beast’s foot will pass through it** - "No animal will walk through it." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/ezk/29/15.md b/ezk/29/15.md index 47b6f3a28..788ec2b73 100644 --- a/ezk/29/15.md +++ b/ezk/29/15.md @@ -8,6 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to Pharaoh. -* **They will no longer be an object of confidence for the house of Israel** - "The house of Israel will no longer trust in Egypt" -* **bringing remembrance of iniquity** - "and Egypt will no longer be a reminder of the sin that the house of Israel committed" -* **when their faces turn after Egypt** - "whenever they went to Egypt for help" +* **The Egyptians will no longer be a reason for confidence for the house of Israel** - "The nation of Israel will no longer trust in the Egyptians" +* **when they turned to Egypt for help** - "whenever they went to Egypt for help" diff --git a/ezk/30/15.md b/ezk/30/15.md index 0016e15fb..637c12813 100644 --- a/ezk/30/15.md +++ b/ezk/30/15.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * These are Yahweh's words about Egypt. * **For I will pour out my fury on Pelusium** - "For I will act in anger against Pelusium" or "Because I am so angry, I will punish Pelusium severely" * **Pelusium** - This was an important city in northern Egypt. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **cut off the multitude of Thebes** - cut off the multitude of Thebes- "kill the very large number of people in Thebes" +* **cut off the multitude of Thebes** - "kill the very large number of people in Thebes" * **Thebes** - See how you translated the name of this city in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:30:13]]. * **Then I will set fire in Egypt** - "I will burn Egypt with fire" * **will be in severe agony** - "will be in great pain" or "will feel great pain" diff --git a/ezk/32/05.md b/ezk/32/05.md index 14eea8f92..721107fd2 100644 --- a/ezk/32/05.md +++ b/ezk/32/05.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues to speak to Pharaoh and to compare him to a monster that lives in the water. -* **your worm-filled corpse** - "your rotting body" +* **your worm-filled corpse** - filled corpse** - "your rotting body" * **Then I will pour your blood over the mountains** - AT: "I will flood the the land with your blood all the way to the mountains." * **And the stream beds will be filled with you blood** - AT: "and I will fill the streams with your blood" or "and they will fill the streams with your blood" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/ezk/33/01.md b/ezk/33/01.md index cfb7caf61..ae0230175 100644 --- a/ezk/33/01.md +++ b/ezk/33/01.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **Son of man** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:02:01]]. * **a sword against any land** - The word "sword" refers to an enemy army that attacks. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **make him a watchman** - "appoint him as a guard" or "make him guard" -* **do not pay attention** - do not pay attention- "ignore the warning" +* **do not pay attention** - "ignore the warning" * **each one's blood will be on his own head** - This phrase describes how God will hold them responsible for their own death. AT: "it is their own fault if they die." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/ezk/33/32.md b/ezk/33/32.md index 4575357c4..14b511714 100644 --- a/ezk/33/32.md +++ b/ezk/33/32.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to Ezekiel about the people of Israel. * **You are like a lovely song to them** - AT: "They think that you are like a lovely song" or "They think that your words are like a lovely song" * **a lovely song** - Possible meanings are 1) "a beautiful song" or 2) "a love song" or "a song about love." -* **that is well-played on a stringed instrument** - AT: "that someone plays very well on a stringed instrument." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **that is well-played on a stringed instrument** - played on a stringed instrument** - AT: "that someone plays very well on a stringed instrument." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **stringed instrument** - something that has strings and people use to make music * **when all of this happens** - The word "this" refers to all of the things that had God said would happen and that Ezekiel told the people about. * **behold! it will happen** - The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. AT: “indeed, it will happen” diff --git a/ezk/35/07.md b/ezk/35/07.md index 66d158340..8179afd01 100644 --- a/ezk/35/07.md +++ b/ezk/35/07.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues Yahweh's message to the people of Mount Seir. -* **a desolation–a desolation** - AT: "absolutely desolate" or "completely desolate" +* **a desolation–a desolation** - a desolation** - AT: "absolutely desolate" or "completely desolate" * **when I cut off from it anyone who passes through and returns again** - Possible meanings are 1) I will destroy anyone who enters it or leaves it" (UDB) or 2) "I will make it so that people do not travel back and forth through it." * **killed by the sword** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:31:17]]. * **a perpetual desolation** - "desolate forever" diff --git a/ezk/36/04.md b/ezk/36/04.md index 3be70ea94..ba83bf73e 100644 --- a/ezk/36/04.md +++ b/ezk/36/04.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ * **the forsaken cities** - AT: "the cities that people have left behind." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **that have become plunder** - AT: "that enemies have stolen from" * **a subject of mocking for the other nations that surround them** - AT: "that the other nations mock" -* **in the fire of my fury** - in the fire of my fury- AT: "because of my intense jealousy" or "because of my very strong anger." Yahweh loves Israel very much, so he becomes jealous and angry when other nations mock her. (See: [[en:obe:kt:jealous]]) +* **in the fire of my fury** - AT: "because of my intense jealousy" or "because of my very strong anger." Yahweh loves Israel very much, so he becomes jealous and angry when other nations mock her. (See: [[en:obe:kt:jealous]]) * **against Edom and all** - AT: "and against all of Edom" * **against all those who had joy in their heart** - AT: "with joy in their heart" or "with joy" or "while being very happy" * **disdain in their spirit** - AT "disdain in their spirit for Israel" or "while despising Israel." It is implied that their disdain is for Israel. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]] diff --git a/ezk/40/11.md b/ezk/40/11.md index b4c28aacd..a097ac66b 100644 --- a/ezk/40/11.md +++ b/ezk/40/11.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **the niches** - "the alcoves" or "the rooms" * **six cubits** - about 3.2 meters * **one cubit** - "54 centimeters" or "about one-half meter" (UDB) -* **twenty-five cubits** - about 13.5 meters +* **twenty-five cubits** - five cubits** - about 13.5 meters * **that of the second** - "the entrance of the second niche" diff --git a/ezk/40/20.md b/ezk/40/20.md index 3311cd48c..bca494adf 100644 --- a/ezk/40/20.md +++ b/ezk/40/20.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **measured the same** - "had the same measurement" * **cubits** - See how you translated these "long" cubits in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:40:05]]. * **fifty cubits** - about twenty-seven meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) -* **twenty-five cubits** - about 13.5 meters +* **twenty-five cubits** - five cubits** - about 13.5 meters * **the main gate** - the gate that was on the eastern side of the temple diff --git a/ezk/40/24.md b/ezk/40/24.md index ff7d8fc1a..c5fab8728 100644 --- a/ezk/40/24.md +++ b/ezk/40/24.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * **as the other outer gate** - AT: "as those of the northern and eastern gates" * **cubits** - See how you translated these "long" cubits in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:40:05]]. * **fifty cubits** - About twenty-seven meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) -* **twenty-five cubits** - About 13.5 meters. +* **twenty-five cubits** - five cubits** - About 13.5 meters. diff --git a/ezk/40/28.md b/ezk/40/28.md index 5105fe212..3a1d675f3 100644 --- a/ezk/40/28.md +++ b/ezk/40/28.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **porticos** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:08:16]]. * **cubits** - See how you translated these "long" cubits in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:40:05]]. * **fifty cubits** - about 27 meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) -* **twenty-five cubits** - about 13.5 meters +* **twenty-five cubits** - five cubits** - about 13.5 meters * **five cubits** - about 2.7 meters * **This portico faced the outer courtyard** - "the portico was toward the outer courtyard." People could go in and out of it from the courtyard. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **with carved palm trees** - "and it had carvings of palm trees" diff --git a/ezk/40/32.md b/ezk/40/32.md index 1dbdb830f..62807c41d 100644 --- a/ezk/40/32.md +++ b/ezk/40/32.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ * **cubits** - See how you translated these "long" cubits in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:40:05]]. * **fifty cubits** - about twenty-seven meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) -* **twenty-five cubits** - about 13.5 meters +* **twenty-five cubits** - five cubits** - about 13.5 meters diff --git a/ezk/40/35.md b/ezk/40/35.md index 1dbdb830f..62807c41d 100644 --- a/ezk/40/35.md +++ b/ezk/40/35.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ * **cubits** - See how you translated these "long" cubits in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:40:05]]. * **fifty cubits** - about twenty-seven meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) -* **twenty-five cubits** - about 13.5 meters +* **twenty-five cubits** - five cubits** - about 13.5 meters diff --git a/ezk/40/42.md b/ezk/40/42.md index 4cff2439e..95a2864d2 100644 --- a/ezk/40/42.md +++ b/ezk/40/42.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **cubits** - See how you translated these "long" cubits in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:40:05]]. * **one and a half cubits** - About 0.8 meter. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) * **one cubit** - about one-half meter -* **Two-pronged hooks a span long were fastened in the portico all around** - AT: "All around the portico, people had attached hooks that were a span long and had two prongs each" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **two-pronged hooks** - something that has two long curved points, which people can hang things on +* **Two-pronged hooks a span long were fastened in the portico all around** - pronged hooks a span long were fastened in the portico all around** - AT: "All around the portico, people had attached hooks that were a span long and had two prongs each" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **two-pronged hooks** - pronged hooks** - something that has two long curved points, which people can hang things on * **a span long** - about eight centimeters. (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]). * **the flesh of the offerings would be put on the tables** - AT: "they would put the flesh of the offerings on the tables" diff --git a/ezk/41/18.md b/ezk/41/18.md index 6dd855cd7..808e19f51 100644 --- a/ezk/41/18.md +++ b/ezk/41/18.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **decorated** - decorated- to make something beautiful usually by putting something on it +* **decorated** - to make something beautiful usually by putting something on it * **the house** - "the sanctuary" diff --git a/ezk/42/04.md b/ezk/42/04.md index 51e827f89..cda0973c5 100644 --- a/ezk/42/04.md +++ b/ezk/42/04.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **reduced in size compared to ** - reduced in size compared to - "smaller than" +* **reduced in size compared to ** - "smaller than" diff --git a/ezk/43/18.md b/ezk/43/18.md index 8b5e0bbcc..7c1650057 100644 --- a/ezk/43/18.md +++ b/ezk/43/18.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **he said** - "Yahweh said" * **Son of man** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:ezk:02:01]]. * **regulations** - "rules" or "instructions" -* **You will** - The word "you" is singular. When giving commands and instructions, Yahweh often uses the second person. Yahweh does not specifically say who he is talking about when he says "you." (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:first-second-third-person]] and [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:grammar:formsofyou]]) +* **You will** - The word "you" is singular. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/ezk/43/25.md b/ezk/43/25.md index e011560ec..6ee2c7636 100644 --- a/ezk/43/25.md +++ b/ezk/43/25.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **You** - See how you translated "You" in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:43:18]]. * **it will come about that** - This phrase is used here to mark an important part of the instructions. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -* **your burnt offerings...your peace offerings...accept you** - The words "yours" and "you" are second person plural and refer to the people of Israel in general. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **your burnt offerings...your peace offerings...accept you** - The words "yours" and "you" refer to the people of Israel in general. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **will accept you** - "will receive you with favor" or "will be pleased with you" diff --git a/ezk/46/01.md b/ezk/46/01.md index cb7cfa394..e9d646746 100644 --- a/ezk/46/01.md +++ b/ezk/46/01.md @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ * Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel. * **inner courtyard** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:08:16]]. * **facing east** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:11:01]]. -* **inner gate** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:40:17|40:19] +* **inner gate** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:ezk:40:17]]. diff --git a/gal/01/01.md b/gal/01/01.md index d2731f167..c884cb358 100644 --- a/gal/01/01.md +++ b/gal/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **who raised him** - "who raised Jesus Christ" -* **Paul, an apostle** - This can be translated as “From Paul, an apostle” or “This letter is from Paul, an apostle.” +* **Paul, an apostle** - AT: “From Paul, an apostle” or “This letter is from Paul, an apostle.” diff --git a/gal/01/03.md b/gal/01/03.md index 83e6e1950..6b4289270 100644 --- a/gal/01/03.md +++ b/gal/01/03.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **for our sins** - "to take the punishment we deserved because of our sins" -* **that he might deliver us from this present evil age ** - that he might deliver us from this present evil age - "that he might set us free from the evil powers at work in the world today" +* **that he might deliver us from this present evil age ** - "that he might set us free from the evil powers at work in the world today" * **our God and Father** - This refers to “God our Father.” He is our God and our Father. diff --git a/gal/01/06.md b/gal/01/06.md index c96637b02..b841a98e6 100644 --- a/gal/01/06.md +++ b/gal/01/06.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **I am amazed that you are turning so quickly** - Another possible meaning is "I am amazed at how quickly you are changing" * **amazed that** - "amazed to see that" -* **you are turning ** - you are turning - Possible meanings are 1) "you are changing your mind" or 2) "you are changing your loyalty." +* **you are turning ** - Possible meanings are 1) "you are changing your mind" or 2) "you are changing your loyalty." * **him who called you** - "God who called you" -* **by the grace of Christ ** - by the grace of Christ - This could be translated as "because of Christ's grace" or "because of Christ's gracious sacrifice." +* **by the grace of Christ ** - AT: "because of Christ's grace" or "because of Christ's gracious sacrifice." * **men** - "people" diff --git a/gal/01/08.md b/gal/01/08.md index 49115c75c..f2d2be3c3 100644 --- a/gal/01/08.md +++ b/gal/01/08.md @@ -1,18 +1,26 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:angel]] +* [[en:tw:angel|angel, archangel]] * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:christ|Christ, Messiah]] * [[en:tw:curse]] +* [[en:tw:curse|curse, cursed]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:god|God]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] +* [[en:tw:goodnews|good news, gospel]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] +* [[en:tw:heaven|heaven, sky, heavens, heavenly]] * [[en:tw:proclaim]] +* [[en:tw:proclaim|proclaim, proclamation]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:servant|servant, slave, slavery]] ## translationNotes -* **should proclaim** - "would proclaim" or "were to proclaim." This is describing something that has not happened and should not happen. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) +* **should proclaim** - "would proclaim" or "were to proclaim." This is describing something that has not happened and should not happen. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) * **other than the one** - "different from the gospel" or "different from the message" * **he should be cursed** - "God should punish that person who preached a false gospel forever" (see UDB). If your language has a common way of calling a curse down on someone, you should use that. -* **For do I now want the approval of men or God? Or am I seeking to please men?** - These rhetorical questions expect the answer "No." This could be translated as "I do not seek the approval of men but instead I seek the approval of God. I am not seeking to please men." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **If I am still trying to please men, I am not a servant of Christ** - Both the "if" phrase and the "then" phrase are contrary to fact. This could be translated as "I am not still trying to please men; I am a servant of Christ" or "If I were still trying to please men, then I would not be a servant of Christ." +* **For do I now want the approval of men or God? Or am I seeking to please men?** - These rhetorical questions expect the answer "No." AT: "I do not seek the approval of men but instead I seek the approval of God. I am not seeking to please men." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **If I am still trying to please men, I am not a servant of Christ** - Both the "if" phrase and the "then" phrase are contrary to fact. AT: "I am not still trying to please men; I am a servant of Christ" or "If I were still trying to please men, then I would not be a servant of Christ." diff --git a/gal/01/21.md b/gal/01/21.md index 0082fd0b0..ad3f080d1 100644 --- a/gal/01/21.md +++ b/gal/01/21.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **regions of** - "part of the world called" * **still** - "at that time" -* **but they were only hearing** - This could be translated as "but they only knew what they heard others saying about me." +* **but they were only hearing** - AT: "but they only knew what they heard others saying about me." * **I was still not known by sight** - "none of the people in these churches had ever seen me" diff --git a/gal/02/03.md b/gal/02/03.md index 8ce35a1fe..18f47ced9 100644 --- a/gal/02/03.md +++ b/gal/02/03.md @@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ * **false brothers sent in secretly** - "people who pretended to be Christians who came to cause harm without anyone knowing about it" * **spy** - secretly look at people to see what they are doing in order to harm them * **liberty** - freedom (see UDB) +* **They desired** - "These spies desired" or "These false brothers desired" * **to make us slaves to the law** - "to force us to obey the law." "The law" here refers following Jewish rituals, most importantly circumcision. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **yield in submission** - "submit" or "listen" * **might remain unchanged for you** - "will continue in you" or "will remain unchanged for you" or "will stay unchanged for you" * **you** - plural -* **They desired** - "These spies desired" or "These false brothers desired" diff --git a/gal/02/06.md b/gal/02/06.md index 76aa39761..3d252f9c6 100644 --- a/gal/02/06.md +++ b/gal/02/06.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Instead, they** - "instead, the leaders" -* ***I had been entrusted** - This can be stated with active verbs: "God trusted me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* ***I had been entrusted** - AT: "God trusted me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **to proclaim** - "to preach" diff --git a/gal/02/09.md b/gal/02/09.md index f85e7a55e..fe8757749 100644 --- a/gal/02/09.md +++ b/gal/02/09.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **gave ... the right hand of fellowship** - "welcomed ... as fellow workers" or "welcomed ... with honor" -* **the right hand** - This may need to be translated in plural and indicating who owns the hands: "their right hands." +* **the right hand** - AT: "their right hands." * **remember the poor** - "take care of the needs of the poor" diff --git a/gal/03/01.md b/gal/03/01.md index 958ee3969..942577bee 100644 --- a/gal/03/01.md +++ b/gal/03/01.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * **whose evil eye has harmed you?** - Paul is using irony and a rhetorical question to say that the Galatians are acting as though someone has put a spell on them. He does not really believe that someone has put a spell on them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **evil eye** - This term is related to witchcraft and the casting of spells. It is used in a figurative sense here. If your language has a different way to express the placing of a spell on someone, you may want to use it here. * **Was not Jesus Christ depicted as crucified before your eyes?** - This is another rhetorical question: "I told you exactly how they had crucified Jesus Christ" (UDB). -* **I only want to learn this from you** - This continues the irony from verse 1. Paul knows the answers to the rhetorical questions he is about to ask. As you translate, emphasize this and only, as these are the most important words in the sentence. +* **I only want to learn this from you** - This continues the irony from verse 1. Paul knows the answers to the rhetorical questions he is about to ask. As you translate, emphasize this and only, as these are the most important words in the sentence. * **this** - refers to the three questions that follow * **Did you receive the Spirit by the works of the law or by believing in what you heard** - "You received the Spirit, not by doing what the law says, but by believing what you heard." Translate this rhetorical question as a question if you can, because the reader will be expecting a question here. Also, be sure that the reader knows that the answer to the question is "by believing what you heard," not "by doing what the law says." * **Are you so foolish?** - This rhetorical question not only says "You(plural) are very foolish!" (UDB), it also shows that Paul is surprised and even angry that the Galatians are foolish. diff --git a/gal/03/04.md b/gal/03/04.md index c967a7c1b..62cfba78c 100644 --- a/gal/03/04.md +++ b/gal/03/04.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Did you suffer … for nothing?** - Paul asks a rhetorical question to remind the Galatians of the hardships they had suffered. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) -* **suffer so many things** - This can be translated as 1) "experience so many good and bad things" (see UDB) or 2) "suffer so much" persecution because of their original commitment to Christ or 3) "work so hard" to keep the law -* **if indeed they were for nothing** - This can be translated as 1) "they would have been of no value at all if you had not been trusting in him" (UDB) or 2) assuming the Galatians were working hard to keep the law, "if the work you did were only for nothing," meaning that they were depending on works, not on Christ, and God would not count them as believers. -* **does he … do it by the works of the law or by the hearing with faith?** - Paul asks another rhetorical question to remind the Galatians how people receive the Spirit. This can be translated as "he … does not do it by the works of the law; he does it by the hearing with faith." +* **suffer so many things** - AT: 1) "experience so many good and bad things" (see UDB) or 2) "suffer so much" persecution because of their original commitment to Christ or 3) "work so hard" to keep the law +* **if indeed they were for nothing** - AT: 1) "they would have been of no value at all if you had not been trusting in him" (UDB) or 2) assuming the Galatians were working hard to keep the law, "if the work you did were only for nothing," meaning that they were depending on works, not on Christ, and God would not count them as believers. +* **does he … do it by the works of the law or by the hearing with faith?** - Paul asks another rhetorical question to remind the Galatians how people receive the Spirit. AT: "he … does not do it by the works of the law; he does it by the hearing with faith." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) * **by the works of the law** - "when we do what the law tells us to do" * **by the hearing with faith** - "when we listen to the message and put our trust in Jesus" diff --git a/gal/03/27.md b/gal/03/27.md index 62bdf9bcd..b3504455b 100644 --- a/gal/03/27.md +++ b/gal/03/27.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you** - In this passage, you is always plural. +* In this passage, the word 'you' is always plural. * **you … have clothed yourselves in Christ** - This can mean 1) "you … have become the same sort of person as Christ is" (UDB) or 2) "you … have the same relationship to God as Christ." * **There is neither** - "There is no distinction between" or "God sees no difference between" * **If you are Christ's then are you** - "If you are Christ's, then you are" diff --git a/gal/04/08.md b/gal/04/08.md index 3dcb3b5bc..9825f34ca 100644 --- a/gal/04/08.md +++ b/gal/04/08.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you** - All instances of you here are plural. +* All instances of the word 'you' here are plural. * **the ones** - "those things" or "those spirits" * **you are known by God** - "God knows you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **why are you returning again…? ** - This is the first of two rhetorical questions. It can be translated "you should not return again…." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **why are you returning again…? ** - This is the first of two rhetorical questions. AT: "you should not return again…." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) * **elemental principles** - Translate this phrase the same way you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:gal:04:03]]. -* **Do you want to be slaves…?** - This second rhetorical question can be translated "You should not want to be slaves…" or "It seems that you do want to be slaves…." +* **Do you want to be slaves…?** - AT: "You should not want to be slaves…" or "It seems that you do want to be slaves…." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) diff --git a/gal/04/12.md b/gal/04/12.md index d3f445545..f57d3651e 100644 --- a/gal/04/12.md +++ b/gal/04/12.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **beg** - to ask or urge strongly (see UDB). This is not the word used to ask for money or food or physical objects. -* **You did me no wrong** - This can also be translated "You treated me very well" or "You treated me as you should have." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **What was a trial to you in my flesh** - This can also be translated "What was difficult for you to see in my flesh" +* **You did me no wrong** - AT: "You treated me very well" or "You treated me as you should have." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **What was a trial to you in my flesh** - AT: "What was difficult for you to see in my flesh" * **you** - plural * **despise** - "hate very much" diff --git a/gal/04/15.md b/gal/04/15.md index 8434e2618..44d9a7daa 100644 --- a/gal/04/15.md +++ b/gal/04/15.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Where, therefore, is now your happiness? ... have I become your enemy...?** - These rhetorical questions can be translated "But now you are no longer happy! ... You seem to think that I have become your enemy" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Where, therefore, is now your happiness? ... have I become your enemy...?** - AT: "But now you are no longer happy! ... You seem to think that I have become your enemy" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/gal/04/17.md b/gal/04/17.md index c69490446..eb5cedb16 100644 --- a/gal/04/17.md +++ b/gal/04/17.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **passionately seek you...follow them...be passionate for good reasons** - This could be translated "follow after you...follow after them...follow after good things" to capture Paul's use of the same word in all three cases. +* **passionately seek you...follow them...be passionate for good reasons** - AT: "follow after you...follow after them...follow after good things" to capture Paul's use of the same word in all three cases. * **separate** - in loyalty, not physical distance * **follow them** - "do what they tell you to do" * **It is good to want** - "It is good that they want" diff --git a/gal/04/21.md b/gal/04/21.md index bf19cd5be..695e93baf 100644 --- a/gal/04/21.md +++ b/gal/04/21.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Tell me** - "I want to ask a question." The question he will ask is rhetorical. If you have to translate the rhetorical questions as statements, you can translate this "I want to tell you something." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Tell me** - "I want to ask a question." AT: "I want to tell you something." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **do you not listen to what the law says?** - "have you not heard what the law says?" or "you need to learn what the law really says" or "let me tell you what the law says." Paul is introducing what he will be saying in verses 22-23. diff --git a/gal/04/24.md b/gal/04/24.md index 09fd3fde8..7c7c42583 100644 --- a/gal/04/24.md +++ b/gal/04/24.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **Mount Sinai** - "Mount Sinai, where Moses gave the law to Israel" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **who gives birth to bondage** - "the people under this covenant are like slaves who have to obey the law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **symbolizes** - "is a picture of" -* **she is in bondage with her children** - Hagar is a slave and her children are slaves with her. This can be translated as "Jerusalem, like Hagar, is a slave, and her children are slaves with her" (see UDB). +* **she is in bondage with her children** - Hagar is a slave and her children are slaves with her. AT: "Jerusalem, like Hagar, is a slave, and her children are slaves with her" (see UDB). diff --git a/gal/05/01.md b/gal/05/01.md index 3a1926ee0..3c0e3fd6a 100644 --- a/gal/05/01.md +++ b/gal/05/01.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **It is for freedom** - The translation needs to emphasize "freedom" in contrast with the slavery talked about in the previous verses. -* **for ** - for - "to provide us with" -* **stand firm ** - stand firm - "stay where you are," even though people are trying to force you to move +* **for ** - "to provide us with" +* **stand firm ** - "stay where you are," even though people are trying to force you to move * **if you become circumcised** - "if you return to the Jewish religion." Paul is using circumcision as metonymy for Judaism. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/gal/05/09.md b/gal/05/09.md index bc0d35fe2..43aab7465 100644 --- a/gal/05/09.md +++ b/gal/05/09.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **I have confidence in you in the Lord** - "I have confidence in you because God will help you" -* **you will not think in any other way** - Others translate this "you will not think anything other than what I am telling you." +* **you will not think in any other way** - AT: "you will not think anything other than what I am telling you." * **think** - "believe" * **he who confuses you will bear his own judgment, whoever he is** - "I do not know who is confusing you, but God will punish that person" * **confuses you** - "causes you to be uncertain about what is truth" (see UDB) or "stirs up trouble among you" diff --git a/gal/05/13.md b/gal/05/13.md index f12efd27a..1dcd2fa20 100644 --- a/gal/05/13.md +++ b/gal/05/13.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **For** - Paul is giving the reason for his words in [[:en:bible:notes:gal:05:11]]. * **God called you … to freedom** - This can mean 1) "God chose you to be his people so that you(plural) can be free" or 2) "God commanded you to be free" -* **brothers ** - brothers - "brothers and sisters" +* **brothers ** - "brothers and sisters" * **Only** - or "But." Paul is saying that freedom does not include "an opportunity for the flesh." * **an opportunity for the flesh** - "a chance to do what pleases your(plural) sinful natures," specifically things that harm one's self or neighbors * **the whole law stands fulfilled in one commandment, in this** - This can mean 1) "you can put the whole law into just one commandment, which is this" or 2) "by obeying one commandment, you obey all the commandments, and that one commandment is this." diff --git a/gal/05/16.md b/gal/05/16.md index a11a1c5c0..29c6b0ea4 100644 --- a/gal/05/16.md +++ b/gal/05/16.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **you** - plural -* **walk by the Spirit ** - walk by the Spirit - Walking is a metaphor for living. This can be translated "conduct your life in the power of the Holy Spirit" or "live your life in dependence on the Spirit." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **you will not fulfill the lust of the flesh ** - you will not fulfill the lust of the flesh - "you will not fulfill the desire of your human nature to commit sin" +* **walk by the Spirit ** - Walking is a metaphor for living. This can be translated "conduct your life in the power of the Holy Spirit" or "live your life in dependence on the Spirit." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **you will not fulfill the lust of the flesh ** - "you will not fulfill the desire of your human nature to commit sin" * **not under the law** - "not obligated to obey the law of Moses" diff --git a/gal/05/22.md b/gal/05/22.md index f7bfba700..61b4fb12b 100644 --- a/gal/05/22.md +++ b/gal/05/22.md @@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **fruit of the Spirit ** - fruit of the Spirit - "what the Spirit produces" +* **fruit of the Spirit ** - "what the Spirit produces" * **The law is not against such things** - This can mean 1) "the Law of Moses does not forbid things like this" or 2) "there is no law against thinking and acting like this" (see UDB). * **have crucified the flesh with its passions and evil desires** - "have killed our earthly nature with its lusts and evil desires as if we nailed it to a cross" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/gal/05/25.md b/gal/05/25.md index b519ceac8..30d8cac61 100644 --- a/gal/05/25.md +++ b/gal/05/25.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **If we live by the Spirit** - "If we are alive by the Spirit" or "Since God's Spirit caused us to be alive" * **walk** - This word refers to an army marching side by side and is a metaphor for practicing in community what Jesus taught (UDB; see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). -* **let us ** - let us - "we should" +* **let us ** - "we should" diff --git a/gal/06/01.md b/gal/06/01.md index 38c9940d3..980ee57e7 100644 --- a/gal/06/01.md +++ b/gal/06/01.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **if a man ** - if a man - "if someone" or "if anyone among you(plural)" -* **is caught in some transgression ** - is caught in some transgression - This can mean that 1) someone found that person in the act, "is discovered in an act of sin," or 2) that person committed the sin without intending to do evil, "gave in and sinned." -* **you who are spiritual ** - you who are spiritual - "those of you(plural) who are guided by the Spirit" or "you(plural) who are living in the guidance of the Spirit" +* **if a man ** - "if someone" or "if anyone among you(plural)" +* **is caught in some transgression ** - This can mean that 1) someone found that person in the act, "is discovered in an act of sin," or 2) that person committed the sin without intending to do evil, "gave in and sinned." +* **you who are spiritual ** - "those of you(plural) who are guided by the Spirit" or "you(plural) who are living in the guidance of the Spirit" * **restore that person** - "correct the person who sinned" or "exhort the person who sinned to return to the correct path" or to a correct relationship with God * **in a spirit of gentleness** - This can mean that the Spirit is directing the one offering correction (see UDB) or 2) "with an attitude of gentleness" or "in a kind way." -* **Look out for yourself … you may not be tempted** - These words treat the Galatians as though they are all one person to emphasize that he is talking to each of them. You can translate this as "yourselves … you(plural)" (see UDB) or "I say to each one of you, 'Look out for yourself ….'" -* **so you may not be tempted ** - so you may not be tempted - "for fear that you should be tempted to sin too" or "in order that you should not be tempted to sin." If you need to use active voice, it would be best not to mention "Satan" or "the devil," since they are not mentioned anywhere in this letter. This could be translated "so that the tempter does not tempt you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Look out for yourself … you may not be tempted** - These words treat the Galatians as though they are all one person to emphasize that he is talking to each of them. AT: "yourselves … you(plural)" (see UDB) or "I say to each one of you, 'Look out for yourself ….'" +* **so you may not be tempted ** - "for fear that you should be tempted to sin too" or "in order that you should not be tempted to sin." If you need to use active voice, it would be best not to mention "Satan" or "the devil," since they are not mentioned anywhere in this letter. AT: "so that the tempter does not tempt you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/gal/06/09.md b/gal/06/09.md index d0f584193..5c3fb27e8 100644 --- a/gal/06/09.md +++ b/gal/06/09.md @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **We should not become weary of ** - We should not become weary of - This can be translated "We should continue" -* **doing good ** - doing good - doing good to others for their well being -* **for at the right time ** - for at the right time - "for in due time" or "because, at the time God has chosen" -* **So then ** - So then - "As a result of this" or "Because of this"​ -* **as we have opportunity ** - as we have opportunity - This can mean 1) every time there is an opportunity (see UDB) or 2) "at every opportunity." -* **especially to those ** - especially to those - "most of all to those" or "in particular to those" +* **We should not become weary of ** - AT: "We should continue" +* **doing good ** - doing good to others for their well being +* **for at the right time ** - "for in due time" or "because, at the time God has chosen" +* **So then ** - "As a result of this" or "Because of this"​ +* **as we have opportunity ** - This can mean 1) every time there is an opportunity (see UDB) or 2) "at every opportunity." +* **especially to those ** - "most of all to those" or "in particular to those" * **of the household of faith** - "who are members of God's family through faith in Christ" diff --git a/gal/06/14.md b/gal/06/14.md index c465e4e74..9369b3733 100644 --- a/gal/06/14.md +++ b/gal/06/14.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ * **May it never be that I be proud except of the cross** - "May I only ever be proud of the cross" * **May it never be** - "I would never want that to happen!" or "May God help me not to do that!" This expression shows Paul's extremely strong desire that this not take place. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. -* **through whom ** - through whom - This can refer to 1) Christ or 2) the cross, "through which." +* **through whom ** - This can refer to 1) Christ or 2) the cross, "through which." * **the world has been crucified to me** - "I think of the world as already dead" or "I treat the world like a criminal God has killed on a cross" * **I to the world** - "the world thinks of me as already dead" or "the world treats me like a criminal God has killed on the cross" * **the world** - This can mean 1) the people of the world, those who care nothing for God or 2) the things those who care nothing for God think are important. diff --git a/gal/06/17.md b/gal/06/17.md index a191b37ca..19ea1288a 100644 --- a/gal/06/17.md +++ b/gal/06/17.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **From now on ** - From now on - This can also mean "Lastly" or "As I end this letter." +* **From now on ** - This can also mean "Lastly" or "As I end this letter." * **let no one trouble me** - This can mean 1) Paul is commanding the Galatians not to trouble him, "I am commanding you this: do not trouble me," or 2) Paul is telling the Galatians that he is commanding all people not to trouble him, "I am commanding everyone this: do not trouble me," or 3) Paul is expressing a desire, "I do not want anyone to trouble me." * **trouble me** - This can mean 1) "speak of these matters to me" (UDB) or 2) "cause me hardship" or "give me hard work." -* **for I carry the marks of Jesus on my body ** - for I carry the marks of Jesus on my body - "I have the healed wounds in my body because of my service to Jesus" or "I still have the mark of the healed wound in my body because I belong to Jesus" +* **for I carry the marks of Jesus on my body ** - "I have the healed wounds in my body because of my service to Jesus" or "I still have the mark of the healed wound in my body because I belong to Jesus" * **marks** - These could be 1) scars from wounds suffered by a soldier in battle or by a servant in dangerous work or 2) brands that mark a slave. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit ** - May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit - "I pray this that the Lord Jesus will be kind to your spirit" +* **May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit ** - "I pray this that the Lord Jesus will be kind to your spirit" * **brothers** - "brothers and sisters" or "fellow members of God's family" diff --git a/gen/01/11.md b/gen/01/11.md index c261ef5c9..c9a8ce02b 100644 --- a/gen/01/11.md +++ b/gen/01/11.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ * **Let the earth sprout vegetation** - This can be translated as "Let vegetation sprout up on the earth" or "Let vegetation grow on the earth." * **vegetation, plants yielding seed and fruit trees bearing fruit** - "vegetation" is used here as a general term that includes all plants and trees. This can be translated as "vegetation, each plant that bears seed and each tree that bears fruit" or "vegetation. Let them be plants that produce seeds and fruit trees that produce fruit." * **plants** - These are kinds of vegetation that have soft stems, rather than woody stems. -* **fruit trees bearing fruit whose seed is in them** - This can also be translated as "trees that bear fruit with seeds in them." -* **after their kind** - The seeds would produce plants and trees that would be like the ones they came from. In this way, the plants and trees would "reproduce themselves" (UDB). +* **fruit trees bearing fruit whose seed is in the fruit** - This can also be translated as "trees that bear fruit with seeds in them." +* **each according to its own kind** - The seeds would produce plants and trees that would be like the ones they came from. In this way, the plants and trees would "reproduce themselves" (UDB). * **It was so** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:06]]. * **God saw that it was good** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:09]]. * **This was evening and morning** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:03]]. diff --git a/gen/01/16.md b/gen/01/16.md index 8b2dfb915..3bfe17465 100644 --- a/gen/01/16.md +++ b/gen/01/16.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **in the sky** - This could be translated as "in the heavens" or "in the open space of the sky." * **to divide the light from the darkness** - "to separate the light from the darkness" or "to make it light at one time and dark at another." See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:03]]. * **God saw that it was good** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:09]]. -* **Then there was evening and there was morning** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:03]]. -* **a fourth day** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:06]]. +* **This was evening and morning** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:03]]. +* **the fourth day** - See how you translated "the ... day" in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:06]]. diff --git a/gen/01/22.md b/gen/01/22.md index 35d591a5e..b843cae34 100644 --- a/gen/01/22.md +++ b/gen/01/22.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **them** - The animals that God made in verses [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:20]]. -* **be fruitful, and multiply, fill…** - This is God's blessing. He told the sea animals to produce more sea animals like themselves, so that there would be many of them in the seas. +* **be fruitful and multiply** - This is God's blessing. He told the sea animals to produce more sea animals like themselves, so that there would be many of them in the seas. The word "multiply" explains how they are to be "fruitful." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **multiply** - "increase greatly in number" or "become many" * **birds** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:20]]. * **This was evening and morning** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:03]]. diff --git a/gen/01/24.md b/gen/01/24.md index 8e7c90d29..700e24df5 100644 --- a/gen/01/24.md +++ b/gen/01/24.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Let the earth produce living creatures** - "Let the earth produce living things" or "Let many living animals live on the earth." See if you can translate "bring forth" here as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:11]]. -* **after their kind** - Possible meanings are 1) There would be many different kinds of animals, or 2) the animals would produce young animals like themselves. The UDB translates this with the first meaning in verse 24 (“various kinds of creatures”). It translates it with the second meaning in verse 24 (“They could all produce more animals of their same kind.”) +* **each according to its own kind** - AT: “so that each kind of animal will produce more of its own kind.” * **livestock, creeping things, and beasts of the earth** - This shows that God created all kinds of animals. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. * **livestock** - This can be translated as "animals that people look after." * **creeping things** - This can be translated as "small animals." diff --git a/gen/01/26.md b/gen/01/26.md index 99fed2604..4af15b2ec 100644 --- a/gen/01/26.md +++ b/gen/01/26.md @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let us make** - The word "us" here refers to God. God was saying what he intended to do. The pronoun "us" is plural. Possible reasons are: 1) this matches the plural form of the word for God or 2) the plural shows the majesty of God or 3) the plural emphasizes that God is discussing something with himself. Some translate it as "Let me make" or "I will make." If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the word is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) +* **Let us make** - The word "us" here refers to God. God was saying what he intended to do. The pronoun "us" is plural. Possible reasons for this plural pronoun are: 1) the plural form suggests that God is discussing something with the angels that make up his heavenly court; 2) the plural form foreshadows the later New Testament implications that God exists in the form of the Holy Trinity. Some translate it as "Let me make" or "I will make." If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the word is plural. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) * **man** - "human beings" or "people." This word does not mean males only. -* **in our image, after our likeness** - These two phrases mean the same thing. They are used together in order to emphasize what they say. This can also be translated as "to truly be like us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. +* **in our image, after our likeness** - These two phrases mean the same thing and emphasize that God made mankind to be like him. This verse does not tell in what ways God made people to be like himself. God does not have a body, so it does not mean that people would look like God. AT: "to truly be like us" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **have dominion over** - "rule over" or "have authority over" -* **God created man … he created man** - These two sentences are a doublet used to emphasize that God created people in his own image. +* **God created man...he created him** - These two sentences mean the same thing and emphasize that God created people in his own image. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **God created man** - The way that God created man was different than the rest of creation. This will be described in the next chapter. Do not specify that he created man by simply speaking as in the preceding verses. diff --git a/gen/01/28.md b/gen/01/28.md index 6c91b2962..64d6a620e 100644 --- a/gen/01/28.md +++ b/gen/01/28.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **God blessed them** - The word "them" refers to the man and woman God had created. -* **Be fruitful, and multiply** - This is God's blessing. He told them to produce more people like themselves so that there would be many of them. See how you translated "Be fruitful and multiply" in [[en:bible:notes:gen:01:22]]. These two phrases, "Be fruitful" and "multiply," say basically the same thing for emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Be fruitful, and multiply** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:01:22]]. God told the man and the woman to produce more people like themselves so that there would be many of them. The word "multiply" explains how they are to be "fruitful." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **Fill the earth** - Fill the earth with people. diff --git a/gen/01/30.md b/gen/01/30.md index 67f8d673a..80014346f 100644 --- a/gen/01/30.md +++ b/gen/01/30.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * (God continues speaking.) * **every bird of the heavens** - "all the birds that fly in the sky" -* **in which there is life** - This can be translated as "in which there is the breath of life" or "that breathes" (UDB). This phrase emphasizes that these animals had a different kind of life than the plants. Plants do not breathe, and were to be used as food for the animals. +* **in which there is the breath of life** - This can be translated as "that breathes" (UDB). This phrase emphasizes that these animals had a different kind of life than the plants. Plants do not breathe, and were to be used as food for the animals. * **It was so** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:06]] * **Behold** - The word "behold" here adds emphasis to follows. It can also be translated as "Indeed." * **it was very good** - See how you translated "it was good" in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:09]]. Now when God looked at everything he had made, it was “very good.” diff --git a/gen/03/01.md b/gen/03/01.md index 84173238f..b1d6b1072 100644 --- a/gen/03/01.md +++ b/gen/03/01.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **Has God really said** - "Is it true that God said." The serpent was pretending to ask a real question. Translate this as a question. * **You must not eat** - The serpent was speaking to the man and the woman (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]). * **We may eat** - "We are allowed to eat" or "We have permission to eat" -* **We may eat…God said "You must not eat** - Eve told the serpent what God had permitted them to do and what God had told them not to do. Some languages would say what they were told not to do, and then say what they were allowed to do, as in the UDB. -* **you may not eat it** - This could be translated as "you must not eat it" or "do not eat it." +* **We may eat ... God said, 'You may not eat** - Eve told the serpent what God had permitted them to do and what God had told them not to do. Some languages would say what they were told not to do, and then say what they were allowed to do, as in the UDB. +* **You may not eat it** - This could be translated as "You must not eat it" or "Do not eat it." * **nor may you touch it** - This can be translated as "and you must not touch it" or "and do not touch it." * **or you will die** - The word "or" introduces what will happen if they eat the fruit of that tree. This could be translated "If you do, you will die." diff --git a/gen/03/14.md b/gen/03/14.md index 7db21ddf3..824e0f275 100644 --- a/gen/03/14.md +++ b/gen/03/14.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **cursed are you alone** - "you alone are cursed." The word "curse" is first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between God's blessing on the animals and this curse on the serpent. This is a "curse formula," or the way that curses were expressed. By saying this curse, God made it happen. -* **all the livestock and all the beasts of the field ** - all the livestock and all the beasts of the field - This could be translated as "all domestic animals and all wild animals." -* **Upon your belly you will go** - "You will move along the ground on your belly." The phrase "upon your belly" comes first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between the way other animals would move along using their legs with the way the serpent would slither along on its belly. This is also part of the curse formula. -* **dust you will eat** - "you will eat dust" - The word "dust" comes first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between the plants above the ground that other animals would eat and the dirty food on the ground that the serpent would eat. This is part of the curse formula. +* **all the livestock and all the beasts of the field ** - This could be translated as "all domestic animals and all wild animals." +* **It is on your belly that you will go** - "You will move along the ground on your belly." The phrase "upon your belly" comes first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between the way other animals would move along using their legs with the way the serpent would slither along on its belly. This is also part of the curse formula. +* **it is dust that you will eat** - "you will eat dust" - The word "dust" comes first in Hebrew in order to emphasize the contrast between the plants above the ground that other animals would eat and the dirty food on the ground that the serpent would eat. This is part of the curse formula. * **hostility between you and the woman** - This means that the serpent and the woman would become enemies. * **seed** - "offspring." Possible meanings are 1) "descendant" or 2) descendants." This is because the word "seed" can refer to either a particular seed or to a group of seeds. * **He will bruise…you will bruise his heel** - The words "he" and "his" refer to the woman's descendent. If "seed" was translated as plural, this can be translated as "They will bruise…you will bruise their heel." In this case, consider inserting footnotes to say that the "He" and "his" are singular. diff --git a/gen/03/17.md b/gen/03/17.md index f4dfa8d75..9577399d7 100644 --- a/gen/03/17.md +++ b/gen/03/17.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **have eaten from the tree** - "have eaten the fruit of the tree" or "have eaten some of the fruit of the tree" * **You may not eat from it** - This could be translated as "You must not eat from it" or "Do not eat its fruit." * **Cursed is the ground** - "The ground is cursed" or "I am cursing the ground." This is a curse formula in Hebrew, with the word "curse" coming first in the sentence. If possible, translate it in a way that emphasizes the curse. -* **In painful toil** - This could be translated as "By doing hard work." +* **in painful toil** - This could be translated as "By doing hard work." * **you will eat from it** - The word "it" refers to the ground. People would eat parts of the plants. The plants grow on the ground. * **the plants of the field** - Possible meanings are 1) "the plants that you take care of in your fields" or 2) "the wild plants that grow in the open fields." * **by the sweat of your face** - This can be translated as "by doing hard work that makes your face sweat." diff --git a/gen/04/01.md b/gen/04/01.md index b978ec4be..248fa3bd9 100644 --- a/gen/04/01.md +++ b/gen/04/01.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **The man** - This can also be translated here as "the human being" or "Adam" (UDB). -* **had marital relations** - "had sex with." Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some languages say "knew" or "slept with." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). +* **slept with** - "had sex with." Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some older versions say "knew." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). * **I have produced a man** - The word for "man" typically describes an adult male, rather than a baby or child. If that would cause confusion, it could be translated as "manchild" or "boy" or "baby boy" or "son." -* **Cain** - Translators may want to include a footnote that says "The name Cain sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'produce.' Eve named him Cain because she produced him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Cain** - Translators may want to include a footnote that says "The name Cain sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'produce.' Eve named him Cain because she produced him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **Then she gave birth** - We do not know how much time passed between the births of Cain and Abel. They may have been twins, or Abel may have been born after Eve became pregnant again. If possible, use an expression that does not tell how much time passed. diff --git a/gen/04/10.md b/gen/04/10.md index 74a9f52a4..60859660d 100644 --- a/gen/04/10.md +++ b/gen/04/10.md @@ -5,10 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God said** - The text does not say "God," but "God" was added to clarify who is speaking. -* **What have you done?** - God used this rhetorical question to rebuke Cain. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **The voice of your brother's blood cries to me** - This personification can be translated as a simile. The implicit information is what the voice was calling out for. "Your brother's blood is like a person who is calling out to me to punish the person who killed him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **What have you done?** - God used this rhetorical question to rebuke Cain. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Your brother's blood is calling out to me** - This personification can be translated as a simile. The implicit information is what the voice was calling out for. "Your brother's blood is like a person who is calling out to me to punish the person who killed him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **which has opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood** - This is figurative language that says that the blood soaked into the ground. It can be translated as "which is soaked with your brother's blood." -* **from your hand** - This can also be translated as "that spilled when you killed him." Cain did not literally pour blood from his hand into the earth. +* **from your hand** - This can also be translated as "that spilled when you killed him." Cain caused his brother's blood to flow onto the ground. * **it will not yield to you its strength** - This is a figure of speech that means "the ground will not produce much food for you." -* **a fugitive and a wanderer** - These words could be joined together and translated as "a homeless wanderer," which means "a person who roams around because he does not have a home." +* **A fugitive and a wanderer** - These words could be joined together and translated as "a homeless wanderer," which means "a person who roams around because he does not have a home." diff --git a/gen/04/13.md b/gen/04/13.md index 42fcc58a3..c6d8d15ce 100644 --- a/gen/04/13.md +++ b/gen/04/13.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **I will be hidden from your face** - "I will not be able to come before your face" or "I will not be able to go to you." Cain thought that if he moved to a different place, he would not be able to worship God. It does not mean that God would not be able to see Cain. * **a fugitive and a wanderer** - These words could be joined together and translated as “a homeless wanderer,” which means "a person who roams because he does not have a home." * **vengeance will be taken on him sevenfold** - This can be translated with an active verb. "I will take vengeance on him seven times" or "I will punish that person seven times as severely as I am punishing you." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **would not strike him** - "would not kill Cain" +* **would not attack him** - "would not kill Cain" diff --git a/gen/04/16.md b/gen/04/16.md index bf847c14b..22af594f6 100644 --- a/gen/04/16.md +++ b/gen/04/16.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Nod** - Translators may add a footnote saying "The word Nod means 'wandering.'" -* **had marital relations** - “had sex with.” Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some languages say “knew” or “slept with.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:04:01]]. +* **slept with** - “had sex with.” Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some versions say “knew.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:04:01]]. * **He built a city** - "Cain built a city" diff --git a/gen/04/20.md b/gen/04/20.md index 6cfc8d70e..47d8e547b 100644 --- a/gen/04/20.md +++ b/gen/04/20.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **He was the father of those who play the harp and pipe** - Possible meanings are 1) "He was the first person to play the harp and pipe" or 2) "He and his descendants played the harp and pipe." * **harp** - a musical instrument that has strings. People pluck or strum the strings to make music. * **pipe** - a musical instrument that is shaped like a tube. People blow air through the tube or over a hole in the tube to make music. -* **Tubal-cain, the forger of tools of bronze and iron** - "Tubal-cain. He made bronze and iron tools." +* **Tubal-cain, the forger of tools of bronze and iron** - cain, the forger of tools of bronze and iron** - "Tubal-cain. He made bronze and iron tools." * **bronze** - a yellowish-brown metal * **iron** - a very strong grey metal diff --git a/gen/04/23.md b/gen/04/23.md index a8dabe922..9ae151ebd 100644 --- a/gen/04/23.md +++ b/gen/04/23.md @@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **listen to my voice…listen to what I say** - This is a doublet. Lamech said basically the same thing twice to show how important it was that they listen to what he was about to say. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Adah and Zillah, listen to my voice; you wives of Lamech, listen to what I say** - Lamech said basically the same thing twice to show how important it was that his wives listen to what he was about to say. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **Adah and Zillah** - These are the names of women. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **what I say** - This could be translated "my word" or "my speaking." * **a man for wounding me, a young man for bruising me** - This is a doublet. It refers to only one person. * **for wounding me** - "because he wounded me" or "because he hurt me" -* **If Cain will be avenged sevenfold** - This can be translated with an active verb. "If God will avenge Cain sevenfold" or "If anyone who kills Cain will be punished seven times as much as Cain was punished." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold** - "truly I will be avenged seventy-seven times as much" or "truly whoever kills me will be punished seventy-seven times as much." +* **If Cain is avenged seven times as much** - This can be translated with an active verb. "If God avenges Cain seven times as much as he punished him" or "Anyone who kills Cain will be punished seven times as much as Cain was punished." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **truly Lamech will be avenged seventy-seven times as much** - seven times as much** - "truly I will be avenged seventy-seven times as much" or "truly whoever kills me will be punished seventy-seven times as much." diff --git a/gen/04/25.md b/gen/04/25.md index 2cbf4eba4..94237a050 100644 --- a/gen/04/25.md +++ b/gen/04/25.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **had marital relations** - “had sex with.” Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some languages say “knew” or “slept with.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:04:01]]. -* **and said, "God has given me another son** - This is the reason that she named Seth. This implicit information could be made explicit: "and explained, 'God has given me another child.'" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). +* **slept with** - “had sex with.” Your language may have a way of saying this politely. Some languages say “knew.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:04:01]]. +* **and said, "God has given me another son"** - This is the reason that she named Seth. This implicit information could be made explicit: "and explained, 'God has given me another child.'" (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). * **Seth** - Translators may add a footnote that says "This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'has given'." * **A son was born to Seth** - This can be translated as "Seth had a son." * **to call on the name of Yahweh** - “to pray in the name of Yahweh” or “to trust in the name of Yahweh” or “to worship Yahweh." This is the first time in Genesis that people addressed God by the name Yahweh. This could also be translated as "to worship God by using the name Yahweh." diff --git a/gen/05/03.md b/gen/05/03.md index d13f30f5e..347e6447b 100644 --- a/gen/05/03.md +++ b/gen/05/03.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **130…eight hundred** - Translators may write the numerals "130" and "800" or the words "one hundred thirty" and "eight hundred". (The ULB and the UDB have numerals if the number has three or more words; they have words if a number has only one or two words.) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **130 … eight hundred** - Translators may write the numerals "130" and "800" or the words "one hundred thirty" and "eight hundred". (The ULB and the UDB have numerals if the number has three or more words; they have words if a number has only one or two words.) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **he became the father of a son** - "he had a son" * **in his own likeness, after his image** - These two phrases mean the same thing. They are used as a reminder that God made man in his own image. See how you translated similar phrases in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:26]]. * **Seth** - Translate this name as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:04:25]]. diff --git a/gen/05/09.md b/gen/05/09.md index ba350a6b2..1fadf5580 100644 --- a/gen/05/09.md +++ b/gen/05/09.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/05/12.md b/gen/05/12.md index ba350a6b2..1fadf5580 100644 --- a/gen/05/12.md +++ b/gen/05/12.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/05/15.md b/gen/05/15.md index ba350a6b2..1fadf5580 100644 --- a/gen/05/15.md +++ b/gen/05/15.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/05/18.md b/gen/05/18.md index 1e9366e60..cd9baa211 100644 --- a/gen/05/18.md +++ b/gen/05/18.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/05/25.md b/gen/05/25.md index bd53fbfc6..83caf3e39 100644 --- a/gen/05/25.md +++ b/gen/05/25.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 5:6-27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 27 have the same format. Translate them according to the notes for verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:05:06]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/05/28.md b/gen/05/28.md index 5a6719a2f..dd32b62f7 100644 --- a/gen/05/28.md +++ b/gen/05/28.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **became the father of a son** - "had a son" * **Noah** - Translators may want to add a footnote that says "This name sounds like the Hebrew word that means 'rest.'" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]). -* **from our work and from the toil of our hands** - This is a doublet. It says the same thing twice to emphasize how hard the work was. This could also be translated as "from working so hard with our hands." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]].) +* **from our work and from the toil of our hands** - Lamech says the same thing twice to emphasize how hard the work was. AT: "from working so hard with our hands" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/gen/06/04.md b/gen/06/04.md index b8b041458..370a23da9 100644 --- a/gen/06/04.md +++ b/gen/06/04.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **giants** - very large people +* **Giants** - very large people * **This happened when** - This refers to the presence of the giants. It can be translated as "This happened because." * **sons of God** - Translate this as you did in [[en:bible:notes:gen:06:01]]. * **These were the mighty men of old** - "These giants were the mighty men who lived long ago" or "These children were the powerful fighters who lived long ago." diff --git a/gen/06/20.md b/gen/06/20.md index 96f18f94f..c95711eeb 100644 --- a/gen/06/20.md +++ b/gen/06/20.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **two of every sort** - This refers to two of every kind of bird and animal. * **you** - The word "you" here is singular and refers to Noah. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **food that is eaten** - This can be translated as "food that people and animals eat." -* **So Noah did this. According to all that God commanded him, so he did.** - The same thing is said twice in order to emphasize that Noah obeyed God. It can be translated as "So Noah did everything that God commanded him to do." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **So Noah did this. According to all that God commanded him, so he did.** - These two sentences mean the same thing. The second sentence explains the first and emphasizes that Noah obeyed God. AT: "So Noah did everything that God commanded him to do." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/gen/07/01.md b/gen/07/01.md index 309a06f37..598d5cc8e 100644 --- a/gen/07/01.md +++ b/gen/07/01.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ * The events in this chapter take place after Noah built the ark, gathered the food, and put it in the ark. * **Come…into the ark** - This could be translated as "Go…into the ark" or "Enter the ship." -* **you ** - you - The word "you" is singular. It refers to Noah (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **you ** - The word "you" is singular. It refers to Noah (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **your household** - "your family" * **righteous before me** - This means that God saw Noah as righteous. * **in this generation** - This refers to all the people who were living at that time. It can be translated as "among all the people who are now living." -* **clean animals** - These were animals that God allowed people to give him as sacrifices. +* **clean animal** - This was an animal that God allowed people to give him as a sacrifice. * **animals that are not clean** - These were animals that God did not allow people to offer as sacrifices. * **to preserve their offspring** - "so that they will have offspring that will live" or "so that, after the flood, animals will continue to live." diff --git a/gen/07/06.md b/gen/07/06.md index 6271915b5..76d9a61e2 100644 --- a/gen/07/06.md +++ b/gen/07/06.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. +* 12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. * **came upon the earth** - This can be translated as "happened" or "came on the earth." * **because of the waters of the flood** - This can be translated as "because of the flood that would come" or "to escape the flood water." diff --git a/gen/07/08.md b/gen/07/08.md index 4c0b977ff..bd5923c34 100644 --- a/gen/07/08.md +++ b/gen/07/08.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. +* 12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. * **clean animals** - These were animals that God allowed people to give to him as sacrifices. * **unclean animals** - These were animals that God did not allow people to give to him as sacrifices. * **two by two** - The animals entered the boat in pairs of one male and one female. diff --git a/gen/07/11.md b/gen/07/11.md index e00a73640..33946e003 100644 --- a/gen/07/11.md +++ b/gen/07/11.md @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 6-12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[:en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. +* 12 repeat for a second time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[:en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. * **second month** - This refers to the second month of the year and not the second month from Noah's birthday. * **on the same day** - This refers to the specific day when the rain began. This phrase emphasizes how all of these major events happened quickly when the time arrived. -* **the fountains of the great deep burst open** - the fountains of the great deep burst open ​- "water from underground rushed up to the surface" +* **the fountains of the great deep burst open** - "water from underground rushed up to the surface" * **the great deep** - This refers to underground water sources. * **the windows of heaven were opened** - This can be translated as "the sky opened" or "the doors in the sky opened." It is figurative language that means that the rain in the sky poured down. It describes the sky as a ceiling that keeps the ocean above it from falling down to the earth. When the windows, or doors, in the sky were opened, the water came down through them. * **rain** - If your language has a word for a great amount of rain, it would be appropriate here. diff --git a/gen/07/13.md b/gen/07/13.md index dfbd338af..5b989c788 100644 --- a/gen/07/13.md +++ b/gen/07/13.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. +* 18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. * **On that very same day** - "On that exact day." This refers to the day that the rain started [[:en:bible:notes:gen:07:11]]. Verses 13-16 tell what Noah did immediately before the rain began. -* **wild animal… livestock… creeping thing… bird** - wild animal… livestock… creeping thing… bird- These four groups are listed to show that every kind of animal was included. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. See how you translated these terms in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:24]]. +* **wild animal… livestock… creeping thing… bird** - These four groups are listed to show that every kind of animal was included. If your language has another way of grouping all the animals, you can use that, or you can use these groups. See how you translated these terms in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:24]]. * **creeping thing** - This refers to animals that crawl on the ground, like rodents, lizards, and snakes. * **its kind** - "its type" or "its species" or "its variety" diff --git a/gen/07/15.md b/gen/07/15.md index 7e26b193c..25bef189c 100644 --- a/gen/07/15.md +++ b/gen/07/15.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. +* 18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. * **two of all flesh in which was the breath of life** - This refers to the animals that were listed in verse 14. * **in which was the breath of life** - The phrase “in which was the breath of life” is a figurative way of saying “that lived.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **male and female of all flesh** - This could be translated as "male and female of every kind of animal." diff --git a/gen/07/17.md b/gen/07/17.md index 7dc6045e3..82f4a601a 100644 --- a/gen/07/17.md +++ b/gen/07/17.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 13-18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. +* 18 repeat for a third time and give more detail about how Noah went into the ark with his family and the animals in Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:07:01]]. This is not a new event. * **and the water increased** - This happened during the forty days while the water kept coming. This can also be translated as "and the water got very deep." * **and lifted up the ark** - This can also be translated as "and it caused the ark to float on it." * **It rose up from upon the earth** - This could be translated as "the ark rose up high over the ground" or "the ark floated on top of the deep water." diff --git a/gen/07/23.md b/gen/07/23.md index e6b970c1b..7f10434b7 100644 --- a/gen/07/23.md +++ b/gen/07/23.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Every living thing…was wiped out** - This sentence tells about what happened to the living things. If necessary, it can be translated with an active clause: "Every living thing…perished" or "The flood wiped out every living thing" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]].) +* **Every living thing…was wiped out** - This sentence tells about what happened to the living things. If necessary, it can be translated with an active clause: "Every living thing…perished" or "The flood completely destroyed every living thing" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]].) * **They were all destroyed** - This means the same thing as the first sentence. * **from the earth** - "so that they were not on the earth." * **and those with him** - "and the people and animals that were with him" diff --git a/gen/08/01.md b/gen/08/01.md index f7b74823e..e6e3d3f86 100644 --- a/gen/08/01.md +++ b/gen/08/01.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **considered** - This could be translated as "remembered" or "thought about." -* **the fountains of the deep** - This refers to underground sources of water. +* **The fountains of the deep** - This refers to underground sources of water. * **the windows of heaven were closed** - This can be translated as “the sky closed” or "the doors in the sky closed." It is figurative language that means that the rain stopped coming down. See how you translated "the windows of heaven opened" in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:07:11]]. -* **the fountains… and the windows…were closed** - This can be translated either as "the fountains…and the windows of heaven closed up" or "Yahweh closed the fountains…and the windows…" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **The fountains ... and the windows ... were closed** - This can be translated either as "The fountains … and the windows ... closed up" or "Yahweh closed the fountains … and the windows …" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/gen/08/06.md b/gen/08/06.md index edfade59a..6d2960c0c 100644 --- a/gen/08/06.md +++ b/gen/08/06.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **It came about** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. This can also be translated as "It happened that." -* **the window of the boat which he had made** - The phrase "which he had made" tells about the "window." Some languages may need to make this relative clause a separate sentence: "Noah had made a window in the boat. It came about after forty days that he opened the window." (See the section on clauses in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) +* **the window of the ark which he had made** - The phrase "which he had made" tells about the "window." Some languages may need to make this relative clause a separate sentence: "Noah had made a window in the boat. It came about after forty days that he opened the window." (See the section on clauses in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) * **raven** - a bird with black feathers that mainly eats the flesh of dead animals that it finds * **it flew back and forth** - This means that the raven kept leaving the boat and returning. * **until the water was dried up** - This could be translated as an active clause: "until the wind dried up the water" or "until the water dried up." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/gen/08/10.md b/gen/08/10.md index 123f3ed79..8e3d40380 100644 --- a/gen/08/10.md +++ b/gen/08/10.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **Behold** - The word "behold" here tells us to pay attention to the important information that comes next. * **freshly plucked** - "freshly picked" or "newly picked" * **He waited another seven days** - "He waited a second seven days" -* **she did not return again to him** - If people would not understand, you could make state the reason explicitly: "She did not return again to him because she found a place to land." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **She did not return again to him** - If people would not understand, you could state the reason explicitly: "She did not return again to him because she found a place to land." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/gen/08/13.md b/gen/08/13.md index 8b13647ad..0204ce10b 100644 --- a/gen/08/13.md +++ b/gen/08/13.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **the waters were dried up from off the earth** - You could make this active by translating it "the waters covering the earth dried up" or "the wind dried up the waters covering the earth." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). * **the covering of the ark** - This refers to a cover that kept the rain water out of the are. * **behold** - The word "behold" tells us to pay attention to the important information that comes next. -* **In the second month on the twenty-seventh day of the month** - "on the twenty seventh day of the second month" +* **In the second month on the twenty-seventh day of the month** - seventh day of the month** - "on the twenty seventh day of the second month" * **the earth was dry** - This can be translated as "the ground was completely dry." (UDB) diff --git a/gen/09/01.md b/gen/09/01.md index 7e1bde20a..b04b48e4d 100644 --- a/gen/09/01.md +++ b/gen/09/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth** - See how you translated these commands in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:28]]. -* **the fear of you and the dread of you** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing, and one can be used to describe the other. It can also be translated as "a dreadful fear of you" or "a terrible fear of you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) +* **The fear of you and the dread of you** - The words "fear" and "dread" mean basically the same thing and emphasize how afraid the animals will be of mankind. AT: "A dreadful fear of you" or "A terrible fear of you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **dread** - terror that comes from the threat of an enemy * **every living animal** - This is the first of the four groups that includes large animals, birds, creatures that are low to the ground, and fish. It is not a summary group that includes the other three kinds of living things. * **bird** - This is a general term for things that fly. See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:20]]. diff --git a/gen/09/03.md b/gen/09/03.md index 2c882bb14..21df68be3 100644 --- a/gen/09/03.md +++ b/gen/09/03.md @@ -7,5 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. -* **you and your** - The words "you" and "your" here are plural and refer to Noah and his sons. -* **life…blood** - Translators may add a footnote such as this: "The blood is a symbol for life." They may also add a foot note saying something like this: "God commanded people not to eat meat while the blood was still in it. They had to drain out the blood first." +* **life … blood** - Translators may add a footnote such as this: "The blood is a symbol for life." They may also add a foot note saying something like this: "God commanded people not to eat meat while the blood was still in it. They had to drain out the blood first." diff --git a/gen/09/05.md b/gen/09/05.md index 3e5ff98db..f97d31e07 100644 --- a/gen/09/05.md +++ b/gen/09/05.md @@ -1,21 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:blood]] +* [[en:tw:bloodshed]] * [[en:tw:brother]] * [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:imageofgod]] * [[en:tw:life]] +* [[en:tw:multiply]] ## translationNotes * God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. * **But for your blood** - This contrasts man's blood with the blood of animals in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:09:01]]. -* **for your blood** - It is implied that the blood is shed, or poured out, or spilled out. This could be made explicit as "if anyone causes your blood to pour out" or "if anyone spills your blood." This is also a metaphor for killing someone. It is possible to translate it as "if anyone kills you," but it would be good to leave "blood" in the text. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **the blood that is your life** - The blood represents life. This could also be translated as "the blood that represents your life" or “the blood that gives you life.” +* **your blood, the life that is in your blood,** - It is implied that the blood is shed, or poured out, or spilled out. This could be made explicit as "if anyone causes your blood to pour out" or "if anyone spills your blood." This is also a metaphor for killing someone. It is possible to translate it as "if anyone kills you," but it would be good to leave "blood" in the text. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]], [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **I will require payment** - “I will require anyone who kills you to pay.” This payment does not refer to money, but to the death of the murderer. -* **from the hand of every animal, I will require it** - “I will require any animal that takes your life to pay” -* **from the hand of any man… I will require payment for the life of that man** - This can be translated as "I will require anyone who takes a fellow person's life to pay." -* **From the hand of** - This phrase refers to the person in a very personal way. This could be translated as "from that very man." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **From the hand of every animal, I will require it** - “I will require any animal that takes your life to pay” +* **From the hand of any man, that is, from the hand of one who has murdered his brother, I will require an accounting for the life of that man** - This can be translated as "I will require anyone who takes the life of another person to pay" +* **From the hand of** - This phrase refers to the person in a very personal way. This could be translated as "from that very man." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **whoever sheds man's blood, by man will his blood be shed** - The shedding of blood is a metaphor for killing someone. This means that if a person murders someone, someone else must kill the murderer. However, "blood" is very significant in this passage and should be used in the translation if possible. Translate "sheds blood" with words that indicate a major loss of blood that causes death. -* **for God made man in his own image** - "because God made people to be like him." Since God was speaking, this can also be translated as "because I made people in my own image." +* **for it was in the image of God that he made man ** - "because God made people to be like him." Since God was speaking, this can also be translated as "because I made people in my own image." * **be fruitful and multiply** - See how you translated these commands in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:28]]. diff --git a/gen/09/14.md b/gen/09/14.md index 360785be2..c52b3b973 100644 --- a/gen/09/14.md +++ b/gen/09/14.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ * God continues speaking to Noah and his sons. * **It will come about when** - This can be translated as "Whenever." It is something that would happen many times. -* **I will remember my covenant** - This does not mean that God would first forget. It can also be translated as "I will think about my covenant." +* **I will call to mind my covenant** - This does not mean that God would first forget. It can also be translated as "I will think about my covenant." * **me and you** - The word "you" is plural. God was speaking to Noah and Noah's sons. -* **every living being of all flesh** - This can be translated as "every kind of living being." +* **every living creature of all flesh** - This can be translated as "every kind of living being." diff --git a/gen/09/18.md b/gen/09/18.md index ebc4a23b5..14f964229 100644 --- a/gen/09/18.md +++ b/gen/09/18.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 18-19 introduce the three sons of Noah, who will be an important part of the next story. +* 19 introduce the three sons of Noah, who will be an important part of the next story. diff --git a/gen/09/24.md b/gen/09/24.md index 302527857..42079a406 100644 --- a/gen/09/24.md +++ b/gen/09/24.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* In verses 25-27 Noah pronounced a curse on Ham's son and blessings on Ham's brothers. What Noah said about them also applied to their descendants, as shown in the UDB. +* 27 Noah pronounced a curse on Ham's son and blessings on Ham's brothers. What Noah said about them also applied to their descendants, as shown in the UDB. * Alternate phrases in these verses are indented to show that this is poetry. If you can, format these verses as they are formatted here to show your readers that this is poetry. * **awoke from his drunkeness** - "became sober" * **his youngest son** - This refers to Ham. It can also be translated as "his youngest son, Ham." -* **servant of servants** - "the lowest servant" or "the least important servant" +* **a servant to his brothers' servants** - "the lowest servant of his brothers" or "the least important servant of his brothers" * **cursed be Canaan** - This can also be translated as "I curse Canaan" or "May bad things happen to Canaan." * **Canaan** - This was one of Ham's sons. It can also be translated as "Ham's son Canaan." * **his brothers** - This could refer either to Canaan's brothers or to his relatives in general. Verses [[:en:bible:notes:gen:09:26]] refer to Canaan's relationship to his uncles, Shem and Japheth. diff --git a/gen/09/26.md b/gen/09/26.md index 440accebb..a0a6c6f49 100644 --- a/gen/09/26.md +++ b/gen/09/26.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes * If you can, format these verses as they are formatted here to show your readers that this is poetry. -* **Blessed be Yahweh** - This can also be translated as "Praised be Yahweh" or "Yahweh is worthy of praise" or "I praise Yahweh" (UDB). -* **And let Canaan be his servant** - "And let Canaan be Shem's servant." This includes Canaan's and Shem's descendants. +* **May Yahweh...be blessed** - This can also be translated as "Praised be Yahweh" or "Yahweh is worthy of praise" or "I praise Yahweh" (UDB). +* **May Canaan be his servant** - "And let Canaan be Shem's servant." This includes Canaan's and Shem's descendants. * **May God enlarge Japheth** - Possible meanings are 1) "May God make Japheth's territory larger" (UDB) or 2) "May God cause Japheth to have many descendants." * **And let him dwell in the tents of Shem** - This can be translated as "And let him leave peacefully with Shem." This includes Japheth's and Shem's descendants. -* **Let Canaan be his servant** - "Let Canaan be Japheth's servant." This includes Canaan's and Japheth's descendants. +* **May Canaan be his servant** - "Let Canaan be Japheth's servant." This includes Canaan's and Japheth's descendants. diff --git a/gen/10/08.md b/gen/10/08.md index 82abac414..566ee4c3a 100644 --- a/gen/10/08.md +++ b/gen/10/08.md @@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He began to be** - This Hebrew phrase means "He was the first to be." It can be translated here as "Nimrod was the first to be" or "Nimrod was the first." -* **a mighty man** - "a mighty warrior." It can be translated as "powerful soldier" or "powerful conqueror." * **before Yahweh** - This can be translated as "in Yahweh's sight." * **The first centers** - Possible meanings are 1) the first centers he developed or 2) the important cities. * **That is why it is said** - This can be translated as "This is the reason people say." It introduces a proverb. Your language may introduce proverbs and sayings in a different way. diff --git a/gen/10/11.md b/gen/10/11.md index 309032067..76c54c528 100644 --- a/gen/10/11.md +++ b/gen/10/11.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **he went forth into Assyria** - "Nimrod went into Assyria" +* **he went to Assyria** - "Nimrod went into Assyria" * **Mizraim became** - The list of Noah's descendants continues. * **Mizraim** - Mizraim was one of Ham's sons. His descendants became the people of Egypt. Mizraim is the Hebrew name for “Egypt.” diff --git a/gen/10/15.md b/gen/10/15.md index 0d441711f..a23d4128b 100644 --- a/gen/10/15.md +++ b/gen/10/15.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites…** - These names refer to larger groups of people that descended from Canaan. +* **Jebusites ... Amorites ... Girgashites…** - These names refer to larger groups of people that descended from Canaan. diff --git a/gen/11/01.md b/gen/11/01.md index d8e400cb1..f2abc406a 100644 --- a/gen/11/01.md +++ b/gen/11/01.md @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ * **Now** - This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. * **the whole earth** - This refers all the people on the earth. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **used one language and had the same words** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that all people spoke the same language. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **journeyed** - This could be translated as "migrated" or "moved around." -* **settled** - This means that they stopped moving from one place to another and began to live at one location. * **in the east** - Possible meanings are 1) "in the east" or 2) "from the east" or 3) "to the east." The preferred choice is "in the east" because Shinar is to the east of where scholars believe the ark came to rest. +* **settled** - This means that they stopped moving from one place to another and began to live at one location. diff --git a/gen/11/05.md b/gen/11/05.md index cdcc97946..59c790e87 100644 --- a/gen/11/05.md +++ b/gen/11/05.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **came down** - The information about where he came down from can be made explicit: "came down from heaven." This does not tell how he came down. Use a general word meaning "came down." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **to see** - "to observe" or "to look more closely" * **one people with the same language** - All the people were one big group and they all spoke the same language. -* **nothing that they intend to do will be impossible for them** - This double negative can also be translated as: "anything they intend to do will be possible for them." It can also be translated as "they will be able to do anything they want to do." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) -* **let us go down** - The word “us” is plural even though it refers to God. Some translate it as "let me go down" or “I will go down.” If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the word is plural. (See the note on "Let us make" in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:26]].) ([[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) +* **nothing that they intend to do will be impossible for them** - This double negative can also be translated as: "anything they intend to do will be possible for them." It can also be translated as "they will be able to do anything they want to do." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) +* **let us go down** - The word “us” is plural even though it refers to God. Some translate it as "let me go down" or “I will go down.” If you do this, consider adding a footnote to say that the word is plural. (See the note on "Let us make" in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:26]].) ([[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) * **confuse their language** - This could also be translated "mix up their language." This means that Yahweh would cause the people all over the earth to stop speaking the same language. -* **so that the may not understand each other** - This was the purpose of confusing their language. It can also be translated as "so that they will not understand what each other is saying." (UDB) +* **so that they may not understand each other** - This was the purpose of confusing their language. It can also be translated as "so that they will not understand what each other is saying." (UDB) diff --git a/gen/11/14.md b/gen/11/14.md index cecf85a33..9036bc5e0 100644 --- a/gen/11/14.md +++ b/gen/11/14.md @@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/11/16.md b/gen/11/16.md index cecf85a33..9036bc5e0 100644 --- a/gen/11/16.md +++ b/gen/11/16.md @@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/11/18.md b/gen/11/18.md index cecf85a33..9036bc5e0 100644 --- a/gen/11/18.md +++ b/gen/11/18.md @@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/11/20.md b/gen/11/20.md index cecf85a33..9036bc5e0 100644 --- a/gen/11/20.md +++ b/gen/11/20.md @@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/11/22.md b/gen/11/22.md index cecf85a33..9036bc5e0 100644 --- a/gen/11/22.md +++ b/gen/11/22.md @@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/11/24.md b/gen/11/24.md index 72a3c48f0..c03c557bd 100644 --- a/gen/11/24.md +++ b/gen/11/24.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* The records in Genesis 11:12-25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* 25 have the same format. Translate these the same way as you translated [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:12]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Abram, Nahor, and Haran** - We do not know what order his sons were were born in. diff --git a/gen/11/31.md b/gen/11/31.md index 4c81df17a..b2e5641b5 100644 --- a/gen/11/31.md +++ b/gen/11/31.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **his** - In verses 31 and 32, the word "his" refers to Terah. -* **Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram's wife** - This can also be translated as "his daughter-in-law Sarai, who was the wife of his son Abram." +* **Sarai his daughter-in-law, his son Abram's wife** - in-law, his son Abram's wife** - This can also be translated as "his daughter-in-law Sarai, who was the wife of his son Abram." * **Haran…Haran** - These are two different names and they are spelled differently in Hebrew. One refers to a person and the other refers to a city. You might choose to spell them differently in your language to show this. diff --git a/gen/12/01.md b/gen/12/01.md index 310f46be2..b0df1009a 100644 --- a/gen/12/01.md +++ b/gen/12/01.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **I will make of you a great nation** - "I will start a great nation through you" or "I will make your descendants become a great nation" * **and make your name great** - "and make you famous" * **whoever dishonors you I will curse** - "I will curse whoever treats you in a shameful way" or "if anyone treats you as worthless, I will curse him" -* **Through you all the families of the earth will be blessed** - This can be translated with an active clause: "I will bless all the families of the earth through you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Through you will all the families of the earth be blessed** - This can be translated with an active clause: "I will bless all the families of the earth through you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Through you** - This can be translated as "Because of you" or "Because I have blessed you." diff --git a/gen/12/04.md b/gen/12/04.md index 805046a26..8e36136e8 100644 --- a/gen/12/04.md +++ b/gen/12/04.md @@ -9,4 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the people that they had acquired** - the people that they had acquired- "the people that they had bought" or "the people that they had gathered to be with them." This would include servants and slaves. +* **the people that they had acquired** - "the people that they had bought" or "the people that they had gathered to be with them." This would include servants and slaves. +* **all their possessions** - the Hebrew, "Nephesh," for "possessions" may be referring to the living animals they had in their flocks. It may also be taken as a reference to human beings. diff --git a/gen/12/06.md b/gen/12/06.md index 160001866..1e28c783f 100644 --- a/gen/12/06.md +++ b/gen/12/06.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Abraham passed through the land** - This can also be translated as "So Abraham and his family went through the land." Only Abraham's name is mentioned because he was the head of the family. God had given him the command to take his family and go there. +* **Abram passed through the land** - This can also be translated as "So Abraham and his family went through the land." Only Abraham's name is mentioned because he was the head of the family. God had given him the command to take his family and go there. * **the land** - This can be translated as "the land of Canaan." * **the oak of Moreh** - Moreh was probably the name of a place. * **Yahweh, who had appeared to him** - This can be translated as "Yahweh, because he had appeared to him." diff --git a/gen/12/08.md b/gen/12/08.md index 152cfe852..5b0330aa1 100644 --- a/gen/12/08.md +++ b/gen/12/08.md @@ -6,10 +6,11 @@ * [[en:tw:bethel]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:negev]] +* [[en:tw:tent]] ## translationNotes -* **and pitched his tent** - Since Abraham had many people with him, this could also be translated as “and they set up their tents” or “and they set up camp.” People who moved from place to place lived in tents. +* **he pitched his tent** - Since Abraham had many people with him, this could also be translated as “and they set up their tents." People who moved from place to place lived in tents. * **called on the name of Yahweh** - "prayed in the name of Yahweh” or “worshiped Yahweh." * **Then Abram continued journeying** - This could also be translated as "Then Abram took his tent and continued journeying." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **toward the Negev** - "toward the Negev region" or "toward the south" or "south to the Negev desert" (UDB) diff --git a/gen/12/10.md b/gen/12/10.md index aa0d225c7..29fc2b637 100644 --- a/gen/12/10.md +++ b/gen/12/10.md @@ -11,5 +11,4 @@ * **in the land** - "in the area" or “in the land where Abram was living" * **went down into** - This can also be translated as "went south into" * **they will kill me** - The reason they would kill Abram can be made explicit: "they will kill me so that they can marry you" or "they will kill me in order to marry you." (See -* **so that it may be well with me because of you** - "so that, because of you, I will be safe" * **so that my life may be spared because of you** - “so that, because of you, they will not kill me” diff --git a/gen/12/17.md b/gen/12/17.md index d65303918..88c0ff7ec 100644 --- a/gen/12/17.md +++ b/gen/12/17.md @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ * **because of Sarai, Abram's wife** - This can be translated as "because Pharaoh took Sarai, Abram's wife, to his own wife." * **Pharaoh summoned Abram** - This can be translated as "Pharaoh called Abram" or "Pharaoh ordered Abraham to come to him." -* **What is this that you have done to me?** - What is this that you have done to me? Pharaoh used this rhetorical question to show how angry he was about what Abram had done to him. It can also be stated as an exclamation. "You have done a terrible thing to me!" (ULB) (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and the section on Sentence Types in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) +* **What is this that you have done to me?** - Pharaoh used this rhetorical question to show how angry he was about what Abram had done to him. It can also be stated as an exclamation. "You have done a terrible thing to me!" (ULB) (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and the section on Sentence Types in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) * **Then Pharaoh gave orders to his men concerning him** - "Then Pharaoh directed his officials concerning Abram" * **and they sent him away, along with his wife and all that he had** - "and the officials sent Abram away from Pharoah, with his wife and all his possessions" +* diff --git a/gen/14/01.md b/gen/14/01.md index 1dd24ae14..f484269d2 100644 --- a/gen/14/01.md +++ b/gen/14/01.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* The places in 14:1-2 are all independent cities. +* 2 are all independent cities. * See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]. * **It came about** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **in the days of** - "in the time of" diff --git a/gen/14/03.md b/gen/14/03.md index 68015cfed..1e25bc063 100644 --- a/gen/14/03.md +++ b/gen/14/03.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * **Twelve years they had served** - The events in verses 4-7 happened before verse 3. Your language may have a way of showing this. * **they had served Chedorlaomer** - This could be translated as "they had been under the control of Chedorlaomer." They probably had to pay him taxes and serve in his army. * **they rebelled** - This can also be translated as "they refused to serve him" or "they stopped serving him." -* **came and struck** - "came and attacked." They did this because the other kings rebelled. -* **Rephaim…, Zuzim…, Emim…, Horites** - These are the names of people groups. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Ashteroth-karnaim, …Ham, …Shaveh-kiriathaim, …Seir, …El-paran** - These are the names of places. -* **as far as El-paran, which is near the desert** - The phrase "which is near the desert" tells us something more about El-paran. You can translate this relative clause with two sentences if necessary: "as far as El-paran. El-paran is near the desert." (See the section on clauses in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) +* **came and attacked** - "came and attacked." They did this because the other kings rebelled. +* **Rephaim ... Zuzim ... Emim ... Horites** - These are the names of people groups. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Ashteroth-karnaim ... Ham ... Shaveh-kiriathaim ... Seir ... El Paran** - karnaim ... Ham ... Shaveh-kiriathaim ... Seir ... El Paran** - These are the names of places. +* **as far as El Paran, which is near the desert** - The phrase "which is near the desert" tells us something more about El Paran. You can translate this relative clause with two sentences if necessary: "as far as El-paran. El-paran is near the desert." (See the section on clauses in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) diff --git a/gen/14/07.md b/gen/14/07.md index 69aa7b4b7..0b931c33a 100644 --- a/gen/14/07.md +++ b/gen/14/07.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * Verses 8 and 9 repeat what was said in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:14:03]] and continues to tell what happened when the kings came together to fight. * **they turned and came** - The word "they" refers to the four foreign kings who were attacking the region of Canaan. Their names were Amraphel, Arioch, Chedorlaomer, and Tidal. -* **the Amorites that lived in Hazazaon-Tamar** - This phrase tells which Amorite people were defeated. There were other Amorite people who lived in other places. +* **the Amorites that lived in Hazazaon Tamar** - This phrase tells which Amorite people were defeated. There were other Amorite people who lived in other places. * **prepared for battle** - "joined battle" or "drew up battle lines." Some translators may need to also say that the armies fought, as the UDB does in verse 9. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the king of Bela (also called Zoar)** - The city of Bela was also called Zoar. This information could also be put at the end of the the sentence: "and the king of Bela went out and prepared for battle. Bela is also called Zoar." * **four kings against the five** - Since the five kings were listed first, some languages might prefer to translate this as "five kings against four." diff --git a/gen/14/10.md b/gen/14/10.md index 70df6539e..11f9424a4 100644 --- a/gen/14/10.md +++ b/gen/14/10.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **was full of tar pits** - "had many tar pits." These were holes in the ground that had tar in them. See how you translated "tar" in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:11:03]]. * **the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah** - This is a figure of speech that refers to the kings and their armies. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **they fell in there** - Possible meanings are 1) some of their soldiers fell in the tar pits (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) or 2) the kings themselves fell in the tarpits. Since [[:en:bible:notes:gen:14:17]] says that the king of Sodom went to meet Abram, the first meaning is more likely correct. -* **those who were left** - "those who did not die in battle and did not fall in the pits" +* **Those who were left** - "those who did not die in battle and did not fall in the pits" * **the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah** - "the wealth of Sodom and Gomorrah" or "the property of Sodom and Gomorrah" * **the enemy** - This refers to King Chedorlaomer and the other kings and their armies with him who were attacking Sodom and Gomorrah. * **their provisions** - "their food and drink" diff --git a/gen/14/13.md b/gen/14/13.md index 109a5d399..2a834ff29 100644 --- a/gen/14/13.md +++ b/gen/14/13.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **one who had escaped came** - This can be translated as "A man escaped from the battle and came." +* **One who had escaped came** - This can be translated as "A man escaped from the battle and came." * **He was living** - "Abram was living." This introduces background information. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) * **oaks** - See how you translated "oak" in [[en:bible:notes:gen:12:06]]. * **were all allies of Abram** - "were treaty-partners with Abram" or "had a peace agreement with Abram." diff --git a/gen/14/21.md b/gen/14/21.md index 60b727427..ec1ba73c0 100644 --- a/gen/14/21.md +++ b/gen/14/21.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Give me the people** - The phrase "the people" refers to the people of Sodom that the enemies had captured. Abram rescued them when he rescued Lot. +* **Give me the people** - The phrase "the people" may refer to the people of Sodom that the enemies had captured. Abram rescued them when he rescued Lot * **I have lifted up my hand** - This means "I have taken an oath" or "I have made a promise." * **I will take nothing except what the young men have eaten** - This can be translated as "I take from you only what my young men have already eaten." Abram was refusing to accept anything for himself, but acknowledged that the soldiers had eaten some of the supplies during the journey back to Sodom after the battle. * **the share of the men that went with me** - This can be made more explicit: "the share of the recovered property that belongs to the men who helped me get it back." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/gen/15/01.md b/gen/15/01.md index 5608e9ebc..104e10b9e 100644 --- a/gen/15/01.md +++ b/gen/15/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * **After these things** - These things refers to when the kings fought and Abram rescued Lot. * **the word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision** - "Yahweh spoke to Abram in a vision." The phrase "the word of the Yahweh came" is often used in the Bible to introduce an account in which God gives a message to a prophet. -* **shield and reward** - God used these two metaphors to tell Abram about his character and his relationship to Abram. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **shield ... reward** - God used these two metaphors to tell Abram about his character and his relationship to Abram. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **I am your shield** - Soldiers use a shield to protect themselves from their enemies. This can also be translated as a simile: "I will protect you like shield" or "I am your shield to protect you." * **reward** - This can be translated as "payment." It refers to the payment a person deserves. "I am the treasure that you will receive." Abram had not accepted the reward that the king of Sodom had offered him. God was saying that he would give Abram everything he needed. Two possible interpretations are 1) "I am all that you need" or 2) "I will give you all you need." * **Abram said, "Since you have given me** - Since Abram had already been speaking, "Abram said" can be translated as "Abram continued speaking and said" or it can be deleted. diff --git a/gen/15/04.md b/gen/15/04.md index e80332638..d8ce418b9 100644 --- a/gen/15/04.md +++ b/gen/15/04.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **Then, behold, the word of Yahweh came to him** - The word "behold" emphasizes the fact that the word of Yahweh came to Abraham again, as in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:15:01]]. This could be translated as "Then, the word of Yahweh came to him again." * **This man will not be your heir** - The phrase "This man" refers to Eliezer of Damascus. It can also be translated as "Your servant will not be your heir." -* **the one that will come from your own body** - This can be translated as "the one that you will father" or "your very own son." Abram's own son would become his heir. +* **the one who will come from your own body** - This can be translated as "the one that you will father" or "your very own son." Abram's own son would become his heir. * **number the stars** - "count the stars" * **So will your descendants be** - Just as Abram would not be able to count all the stars, he would not be able to count all his descendants because there would be so many. diff --git a/gen/15/12.md b/gen/15/12.md index 06c381419..0066ab616 100644 --- a/gen/15/12.md +++ b/gen/15/12.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Abram fell sound asleep ** - Abram fell sound asleep - "A deep sleep fell on Abram." +* **Abram fell sound asleep ** - "A deep sleep fell on Abram." * **fell sound asleep** - "fell into a very deep sleep" or "slept deeply." It means that he was very much asleep. * **deep and terrifying darkness** - "extreme darkness that that terrified him" * **overwhelmed him** - "surrounded him" diff --git a/gen/16/05.md b/gen/16/05.md index 35e9eb5c2..4a35d58e3 100644 --- a/gen/16/05.md +++ b/gen/16/05.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ * **This wrong on me** - "This injustice against me" * **is because of you** - "is your responsibility" or "is your fault." This whole sentence can be translated as "It is because of you that I have been treated wrong" or "It is your fault that Hagar is doing wrong to me." * **I gave my servant woman into your embrace** - This can be translated as "I gave you my servant so that you would embrace her." Sarai used the word "embrace" here to refer to having sexual relations. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]). -* **I was despised in her eyes** - This can be translated actively: "she despised me" or "she began to despise me" or "she thought she was better than me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). -* **Let Yahweh judge between you and me** - "Let Yahweh say whether this is your fault or my fault" or “Let Yahweh decide which one of us is right” +* **I was despised in her eyes** - AT: "she hated me" or "she began to hate me" or "she thought she was better than me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). +* **Let Yahweh judge between me and you** - "Let Yahweh say whether this is my fault or your fault" or “Let Yahweh decide which one of us is right” * **See here** - "Listen to me" or "Pay attention" * **in your power** - "under your authority" * **Sarai dealt harshly with her** - "Sarai treated Hagar very badly" -* **And she fled from her** - "And Hagar fled from Sarai" +* **and she fled from her** - "and Hagar fled from Sarai" diff --git a/gen/16/07.md b/gen/16/07.md index 934ea4515..119fdf892 100644 --- a/gen/16/07.md +++ b/gen/16/07.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the angel of Yahweh** - Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel, or 2) this was one of Yahweh's angels, or 3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as "the angel of Yahweh" using the normal word that you use for "angel." +* **The angel of Yahweh** - Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh made himself look like an angel, or 2) this was one of Yahweh's angels, or 3) this was a special messenger from God (some scholars think it was Jesus). Since the phrase is not well understood, it is best to simply translate it as "the angel of Yahweh" using the normal word that you use for "angel." * **Shur** - This was the name of a place south of Canaan and east of Egypt. * **wilderness** - This can be translated here as "desert." The wilderness area she went to was a desert. * **my mistress** - This was a title for Sarah that showed her authority over her servant, Hagar. This can also be translated as "my owner." diff --git a/gen/16/09.md b/gen/16/09.md index 56887c644..fbcb1405f 100644 --- a/gen/16/09.md +++ b/gen/16/09.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **The angel of Yahweh said to her** - "The angel of Yahweh said to Hagar" * **The angel of Yahweh** - See the note about this phrase in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:16:07]]. * **your mistress** - This refers to Sarai. Sarai had authority over her servant, Hagar. "Your mistress" can also be translated as "your owner" or "Sarai." -* **The angel of Yahweh said to her "I** - When he said "I," he was referring to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the word "I" when referring to Yahweh. +* **the angel of Yahweh said to her "I** - When he said "I," he was referring to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the word "I" when referring to Yahweh. * **I will greatly multiply your descendants** - "I will give you very many descendants" -* **too numerous to count** - too numerous to count- "so many that no one will be able to count them." +* **too numerous to count** - "so many that no one will be able to count them." diff --git a/gen/17/01.md b/gen/17/01.md index 20fee365d..63c09d500 100644 --- a/gen/17/01.md +++ b/gen/17/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When Abram was ninety-nine years old** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* **When Abram was ninety-nine years old** - nine years old** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **God Almighty** - "the all-powerful God" or "the God who has all power" * **Walk before me** - Walking is a metaphor for living. This can be translated as "Live before me" or "Live in my sight." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Then I will confirm** - "If you do this, then I will confirm" diff --git a/gen/17/09.md b/gen/17/09.md index 9d40b19dd..b380d412d 100644 --- a/gen/17/09.md +++ b/gen/17/09.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **keep my covenant** - "observe my covenant" or "honor my covenant" or "obey my covenant" * **This is my covenant** - "This is a requirement of my covenant" or "This is part of my covenant." This sentence introduces the part of the covenant that Abram must do. * **Every male among you must be circumcised** - If needed, this can be translated as "You must circumcise every male among you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **every male** - This refers to human males. -* **you must be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin** - Some communities may prefer a less descriptive expression such as "you must be circumcised." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **Every male** - This refers to human males. +* **You must be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin** - Some communities may prefer a less descriptive expression such as "you must be circumcised." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **the sign of the covenant** - "the sign marking the covenant" or "the sign that shows the covenant exists" * **the sign** - Possible meanings are 1) “the sign” or 2) “a sign.” The first means that there was one sign, and the second means that there may have been more than one sign. diff --git a/gen/17/12.md b/gen/17/12.md index 6366a33ca..95f5cb20e 100644 --- a/gen/17/12.md +++ b/gen/17/12.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ * God continues speaking to Abraham. * **Every male** - "Every human male" -* **throughout your generations** - "in every generation" +* **throughout your people's generations** - "in every generation" * **him who is bought with money** - "any male that you buy." This refers to slaves. * **my covenant will be in your flesh** - "my covenant will be marked in your flesh" * **for an everlasting covenant** - "as an permanent covenant." Because it was marked in flesh, it could not easily be erased. * **uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin** - The word "uncircumcised" and the phrase following "male" mean the same thing. Hebrew often says the same thing twice. Translators will have to decide whether they can do that in their language. * **will be cut off from his people** - This means either "will be separated from his people" or "will be destroyed from among his people." -* **He has broken my covenant** - "He has violated my covenant" or "He has not obeyed the rules of my covenant." This is the reason that he would be cut off from his people. +* **He has broken my covenant** - "He has not obeyed the rules of my covenant." This is the reason that he would be cut off from his people. diff --git a/gen/18/03.md b/gen/18/03.md index 1b68b66b1..24075fff6 100644 --- a/gen/18/03.md +++ b/gen/18/03.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **O Lord** - This is a title of respect. Possible meanings are 1) Abraham knew that one of these men was God, or 2) Abraham knew that these men came on behalf of God. +* **Lord** - This is a title of respect. Possible meanings are 1) Abraham knew that one of these men was God, or 2) Abraham knew that these men came on behalf of God. * **if I have found favor in your sight** - Abraham was speaking to one of the men. The word "your" in verse 3 is singular. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **do not pass by** - "please do not keep on going" * **your servant** - Abraham referred to himself this way in order to show respect to his guest. It could also be translated here as "me." diff --git a/gen/18/11.md b/gen/18/11.md index 420d622d8..8086eebef 100644 --- a/gen/18/11.md +++ b/gen/18/11.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **will I have this pleasure** - You may want to add "of having a baby" (UDB). Sarah used this rhetorical question because she did not believe that she could have a child. This means "I cannot believe that I will experience the joy of having a child." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **my lord being old also** - This means "since my husband is also old." -* **my lord** - This is a title of respect that Sarah gave to her husband Abraham. +* **my master being old also** - This means "since my husband is also old." +* **my master** - This is a title of respect that Sarah gave to her husband Abraham. diff --git a/gen/18/13.md b/gen/18/13.md index e17314072..c31a38101 100644 --- a/gen/18/13.md +++ b/gen/18/13.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * **Why did Sarah laugh and say** - God used this rhetorical question to show that he knew what Sarah was thinking and that he was not pleased with it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Is anything too hard for Yahweh?** - "Is there anything too difficult for Yahweh to do?" or "Is there anything that Yahweh cannot do?" God used this rhetorical question to remind Abraham that God can do anything. -* **at the appointed time by me, in the spring** - "at the time I appointed." The phrase "in the spring" clarifies what time it was that God appointed. +* **At the time appointed by me, in the spring** - "at the time I appointed." The phrase "in the spring" clarifies what time it was that God appointed. * **Then Sarah denied it and said** - "The Sarah denied it by saying" * **He replied** - "Yahweh replied" * **No, you did laugh** - This means "No, that is not true; you did in fact laugh." In some languages, it would be better to translate this as "Yes, you did laugh." diff --git a/gen/18/16.md b/gen/18/16.md index edfeefdfd..588f428f4 100644 --- a/gen/18/16.md +++ b/gen/18/16.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **to see them on their way** - "to send them on their way" or "to say 'Farewell' to them" (UDB). -* **Shall I hide from Abraham what I am about to do** - God used this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important. "I will not hide from Abraham what I am about to do" or "I will tell Abraham what I am about to do." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Should I hide from Abraham what I am about to do** - God used this rhetorical question to say that he was going to talk to Abraham about something very important. "I will not hide from Abraham what I am about to do" or "I will tell Abraham what I am about to do." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **since Abraham will indeed become** - This tells why God planned to tell Abraham what he was going to do. It can be translated as a separate sentence after the rhetorical question. * **all the nations of the earth will be blessed in him** - This can be translated with an active clause: "I will bless all the nations of the earth through Abraham." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **will be blessed in him** - This can be translated as "will be blessed because of Abraham" or "will be blessed because I have blessed Abraham." For translating "in him" see how you translated "through you" in [[en:bible:notes:gen:12:01]]. diff --git a/gen/18/20.md b/gen/18/20.md index ac7b85597..85e6b8f26 100644 --- a/gen/18/20.md +++ b/gen/18/20.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the cries about Sodom and Gomorrah** - This could be translated as "the outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah." People were crying out because the people of Sodom and Gomorrha were so wicked. They may have been crying out to God to punish them. +* **the accusations against Sodom and Gomorrah** - This could be translated as "the outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah." People were strongly condemning the people of Sodom and Gomorrha for their wickedness. They may have been calling on God to punish them. * **their sin is so very grave** - "their sin is so serious" or "they have sinned so much" * **I will now go down there** - "I will now go down to Sodom and Gomorrah" * **go down there and see** - "go down there to find out" or "go down there to decide" -* **as wicked as the outcry which has come to me suggests** - This can also be translated as "as wicked as I have heard they are." +* **as wicked as the accusations that have come to me indicate ** - This can also be translated as "as wicked as I have heard they are." * **If not** - "If they are not as wicked as the outcry suggests" diff --git a/gen/18/24.md b/gen/18/24.md index 8ad2011b1..c3058d250 100644 --- a/gen/18/24.md +++ b/gen/18/24.md @@ -5,13 +5,14 @@ * [[en:tw:judgeposition]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:sodom]] +* [[en:tw:sweep]] ## translationNotes * Abraham continues talking to Yahweh. * **Perhaps there are** - "Suppose there are" -* **sweep it away** - "destroy it" * **Will you sweep it away** - Abraham was hoping that God would say "I will not sweep it away." +* **sweep it away** - "destroy it" * **and not spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous that are there?** - Abraham was hoping that God would say "I will spare the place for the sake of the fifty righteous people there." * **spare the place** - This can be translated as "put up with" or "refrain from killing" or "let the people live." * **for the sake of** - "because of" diff --git a/gen/19/01.md b/gen/19/01.md index 999b01a90..d2175c6fb 100644 --- a/gen/19/01.md +++ b/gen/19/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * **The two angels** - Genesis 18 said that two men went to Sodom. Here we learn that they are really angels. (See: [[en:bible:notes:gen:18:22]]) * **the gate of Sodom** - "the entrance of the city Sodom." The city had a wall around it, and people had to go through a gate to get into it. This was a very important place in a city. Important people often spent time there. -* **I urge you to turn aside into your servants house** - This can be translated as "Please come and stay in your servant's house." +* **I urge you to turn aside into your servant's house** - This can be translated as "Please come and stay in your servant's house." * **your servant's house** - Lot referred to himself as their servant in order to show them respect. * **wash your feet** - People liked to wash their feet after traveling. * **rise up early** - "wake up early" diff --git a/gen/19/04.md b/gen/19/04.md index ff86d7b63..02c61fa14 100644 --- a/gen/19/04.md +++ b/gen/19/04.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Before they lay down** - The word "they" refers to the peole in Lot's house. +* **before they lay down** - The word "they" refers to the people in Lot's house. * **the men of the city, the men of Sodom** - "the men of the city, that is, the men of Sodom" or just "the men of the city of Sodom" * **the house** - "Lot's house" * **both young and old** - This means "men of all ages" and refers to the men of Sodom who were surrounding Lot's house. It could be translated "from the youngest to the oldest." diff --git a/gen/19/09.md b/gen/19/09.md index fce08684e..e38ce637a 100644 --- a/gen/19/09.md +++ b/gen/19/09.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **This one came here to live as a foreigner** - "This one came here as an outsider" or "This foreigner came to live here" * **This one** - "This one" refers to Lot. * **and now he has become our judge** - "and now he is judging us" -* **and they pressed hard against the man, against Lot** - This can be translated as "and they pushed Lot forcefully" +* **They pressed hard against the man, against Lot** - This can be translated as "and they pushed Lot forcefully" * **against the man, against Lot** - This is two ways of referring to Lot. * **and came near to break down the door** - "and moved close to the door in order to break it down" diff --git a/gen/19/10.md b/gen/19/10.md index 5a54d78e0..a6aecd6cd 100644 --- a/gen/19/10.md +++ b/gen/19/10.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **But the men** - "But Lot's two guests" or "But the two angels" -* **Lot's visitors struck them with blindness** - "Lot's visitors blinded them" or "they took away their sight." The phrase "struck them" is a [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] that does not involve physical hitting. +* **Lot's visitors attacked them with blindness** - "Lot's visitors blinded them" or "they took away their sight." The phrase "attacked them" is a [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] that does not involve physical hitting. * **both young and old** - "men of all ages." This could also be translated as "both small and great" and indicate social standing rather than age. * **so that they wore themselves out trying to find the door** - "so that they got tired of trying to find the door" diff --git a/gen/19/12.md b/gen/19/12.md index 79534eeb6..f1d6d4932 100644 --- a/gen/19/12.md +++ b/gen/19/12.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **Then the men said** - "Then the two men said" or "Then the angels said" * **Do you have anyone else here?** - "Are there any other members of your family in the city?" or Do you have any other family members in this place? * **whoever you have in the city** - "any other members of your family living in this city" -* **we are about to destroy** - The word "we" here is exclusive. Only the two angels would destroy the city; Lot would not destroy it. If your language has an exclusive form of "we," use it here. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **the outcry against its people has become so loud before Yahweh** - This could also be translated as "people have cried out to Yahweh so loudly against the people of this city." +* **we are about to destroy** - The word "we" here is exclusive. Only the two angels would destroy the city; Lot would not destroy it. If your language has an exclusive form of "we," use it here. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **the accusations against it before Yahweh have become so loud ** - This could also be translated as "people have made so many accusations against the people of this city to Yahweh...." diff --git a/gen/19/14.md b/gen/19/14.md index 2fc996fa5..09e1a3170 100644 --- a/gen/19/14.md +++ b/gen/19/14.md @@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:lot]] +* [[en:tw:punish]] +* [[en:tw:sweep]] * [[en:tw:yahweh]] ## translationNotes * **Lot went out** - This could be translated "So Lot left the house." -* **his sons-in-law, the men who had promised to marry his daughters** - The phrase "the men who had promised to marry his daughters" explains what "sons-in-law" means here. It could also be translated as "the men who were going to marry his daughters" or "his daughters' fiancés" +* **his sons-in-law, the men who had promised to marry his daughters** - in-law, the men who had promised to marry his daughters** - The phrase "the men who had promised to marry his daughters" explains what "sons-in-law" means here. It could also be translated as "the men who were going to marry his daughters" or "his daughters' fiancés" * **Get going** - "Go now" -* **so you are not swept away** - "or else you will be swept away." -* **swept away** - "destroyed" or "wiped out" -* **in the punishment of the city** - This can also be translated as "when the city is punished" or "when we destroy the city" (ULB). +* **you are not swept away in the punishment of the city** - "so Yahweh does not also destroy you when he punishes the the people of this city" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/gen/19/16.md b/gen/19/16.md index 9ba71d77f..8e4528062 100644 --- a/gen/19/16.md +++ b/gen/19/16.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:mercy]] +* [[en:tw:sweep]] * [[en:tw:yahweh]] ## translationNotes @@ -9,5 +10,5 @@ * **So the men grabbed** - "So the two men grabbed" or "So the angels grabbed" * **was merciful to him** - "had compassion on Lot" * **When they had brought them out** - "When the two men had brought Lot's family out" -* **Flee for your lives!** - "Run to save your lives!" or "Flee for your life!" -* **so you are not swept away** - "or else you will be swept away" +* **Run for your lives!** - "Run away and save your lives!" +* **so you are not swept away** - AT: "or else God will destroy you along with the people of the city" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/gen/19/23.md b/gen/19/23.md index 27677a652..b6d9e9926 100644 --- a/gen/19/23.md +++ b/gen/19/23.md @@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ * **The sun had risen upon the earth** - "The sun had risen over the earth." The phrase "upon the earth" can be left implicit as it is in the UDB where it is not translated. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **reached Zoar** - "arrived at Zoar" or "entered Zoar" -* **Yahweh rained down upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky** - “Yahweh caused sulfur and fire from Yahweh to rain down from the sky on Sodom and Gomorrah” -* **sulfur and fire from Yahweh** - The phrase "from Yahweh" means that the sulfur and fire came from God's power. Some versions leave out "from Yahweh" since "Yahweh rained down" also shows that they came from his power. +* **Yahweh rained down upon Sodom and Gomorrah sulfur and fire from Yahweh out of the sky** - The phrase "from Yahweh" means that the sulfur and fire came from God's power. AT: “Yahweh caused sulfur and fire to fall from the sky onto Sodom and Gomorrah” * **sulfur and fire** - This can be translated as "burning sulfur" or "burning stones and fire" or "fiery rain." * **inhabitants of those cities** - "people who lived in those cities" * **those cities** - This refers primarily to Sodom and Gomorrah, but also to three other towns. diff --git a/gen/19/36.md b/gen/19/36.md index d54971f58..1fccfa7e1 100644 --- a/gen/19/36.md +++ b/gen/19/36.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **were pregnant by their father** - "got pregnant from their father" or "became pregnant by their father" or "conceived children with their father" * **He became** - "He is" * **the Moabites of today** - "the Moab people who are now living." -* **of today** - The word "today" refers to when the author of Genesis was living. The author was born and wrote this many years after Lot's family lived and died. +* **of today** - The word "today" refers to the time when the author of Genesis was living. The author was born and wrote this many years after Lot's family lived and died. * **the children of Ammon** - "the descendants of Ammon" or "the Ammon people" diff --git a/gen/20/04.md b/gen/20/04.md index 19fdc4e43..b51673ce5 100644 --- a/gen/20/04.md +++ b/gen/20/04.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **Now** - This word is used here to mark a change from the story to information about Abimelech. * **Abimelech had not come near her** - "Abimelech had not had sex with Sarah" or "Abimelech had not touched Sarah" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **Did he not himelf say to me, 'She is my sister?'** - Abimelech used this rhetorical question to remind God of something God would have already known. It can also be translated but "But Abraham himself told me 'She is my sister'." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Did he not himself say to me, 'She is my sister?'** - Abimelech used this rhetorical question to remind God of something God would have already known. It can also be translated but "But Abraham himself told me 'She is my sister'." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Did he not himself say** - The words “he himself” are used for emphasis to bring attention to Abraham. It can also be translated as "Did not Abraham himself say." Abimelech was showing that it was Abraham's fault that Abimelech took Sarah. * **Even she herself said, 'He is my brother.'** - The words “she herself” are used for emphasis to bring attention to Sarah." * **I have done this in the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands** - This means "I have done this with good intentions and actions" or "I have done this with no evil thoughts or actions." Heart and hands are a figure of speech for thoughts and actions. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/gen/21/01.md b/gen/21/01.md index 3cce2eb45..e07a5ef6d 100644 --- a/gen/21/01.md +++ b/gen/21/01.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ * **at the set time of which God had spoken to him** - "at the exact time that God had told him it would happen" * **Abraham named his son, the one who had been born to him, whom Sarah bore to him, Isaac.** - “Abraham named his newborn son, the one Sarah gave birth to, Isaac” or "Abraham named their newborn son Isaac." * **Abraham circumcised his son Isaac when he was eight days old** - "When his son Isaac was eight days old, Abraham circumcised him" -* **Eight days** - "8 days" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **eight days** - "8 days" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **had commanded him** - "had commanded Abraham to do" diff --git a/gen/21/12.md b/gen/21/12.md index e28c77174..8a5b3df55 100644 --- a/gen/21/12.md +++ b/gen/21/12.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Do not be grieved because of the lad and because of your handmaid** - "Do not be upset about the boy and your handmaid." +* **Do not be grieved because of the lad, and because of your servant woman** - "Do not be upset about the boy and your handmaid." * **Listen to her words in all she says to you about this matter** - Since listening implies doing, it can also be translated as "Do everything that Sarah says to you about them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **that your descendants will be named** - This can be translated with an active clause: "that people will name your descendants" or "that people will list your descendants." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **it is through Isaac that your descendants will be named** - This can be translated as "Isaac is the one from whom all of your descendants will come" or "Isaac is the one who will be the forefather of the descendants I promised to give you" (UDB). diff --git a/gen/21/14.md b/gen/21/14.md index 0071d821e..75f50a795 100644 --- a/gen/21/14.md +++ b/gen/21/14.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * **bread** - This may have referred to food in general (as in the UDB) or specifically to bread. * **a skin of water** - "a bag of water." The water container was made out of animal skin. -* **when the water in the waterskin was gone** - This can be translated as "when the water bag was empty" +* **When the water in the waterskin was gone** - This can be translated as "when the water bag was empty" * **about the distance of a bowshot away** - This refers to the distance that a person could shoot an arrow with a bow. This is about 100 meters. * **Let me not look upon the death of the child** - "I do not want to watch the boy die" * **she lifted up her voice and wept** - "she cried out loudly and wept" or "she wept loudly" diff --git a/gen/21/22.md b/gen/21/22.md index 5f5c0b370..411573a63 100644 --- a/gen/21/22.md +++ b/gen/21/22.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **It came about at that time** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **Phicol** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **captain** - "commander" (UDB) -* **his army ** - his army - The word "his" refers to Abimelech. +* **his army ** - The word "his" refers to Abimelech. * **God is with you in all that you do** - "God blesses everything you do" * **Now therefore** - "Therefore" * **swear to me here by God** - "promise me in the name of God" or "promise me with God as your witness" diff --git a/gen/21/28.md b/gen/21/28.md index 9c674ea1b..a5cc8e7d6 100644 --- a/gen/21/28.md +++ b/gen/21/28.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * **seven** - "7" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **the flock** - This refers to the group of Abraham's sheep. * **What is the meaning of these seven female lambs that you have set by themselves?** - "Why have you separated these seven lambs from the flock?" -* **you will receive ** - you will receive - "you will take" +* **you will receive ** - "you will take" * **from my hand** - "from me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **so that it may be a witness for me** - This can be translated as "to prove to everyone." diff --git a/gen/22/09.md b/gen/22/09.md index 5daf4fd20..4720d3d2c 100644 --- a/gen/22/09.md +++ b/gen/22/09.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **When they came to the place** - "When Abraham and Isaac arrived at the place" * **bound** - "tied up" * **on the altar, on top of the wood** - This can also be translated as "on top of the wood that was on the altar." -* **stretched out his hand and took up the knife** - "picked up the knife" +* **reached out with his hand and took up the knife** - "picked up the knife" diff --git a/gen/22/11.md b/gen/22/11.md index f4d38e2c0..371edf9f3 100644 --- a/gen/22/11.md +++ b/gen/22/11.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **the angel of Yahweh** - See the note about this phrase in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:16:07]]. * **Here I am** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:22:01]]. -* **Do not lay your hand upon the lad, nor do anything to harm him** - Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing: "Do not hurt the boy in any way." God made sure that Abraham would hear and understand him. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Do not lay your hand upon the lad, nor do anything to harm him** - God said basically the same thing twice to emphasize that Abraham should not hurt Isaac. AT: “Do not hurt the boy in any way.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **now I know … from me** - The words "I" and "me" refer to Yahweh. When translating what is in the quote, do it as the angel of Yahweh did and use the words “I” and "me" when referring to Yahweh. * **seeing that** - "because I see that" * **have not withheld your son…from me** - "have not held back your son…from me" or "have not refused to give your son…to me" diff --git a/gen/22/15.md b/gen/22/15.md index 162ea8ff1..0a13cccf5 100644 --- a/gen/22/15.md +++ b/gen/22/15.md @@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ * **The angel of Yahweh** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:22:11]]. * **and said—this is an oracle of Yahweh** - This is a formal way of saying that the words that follow come directly from Yahweh. It can also be translated as "and said—these are the words of Yahweh" or "and declared these words of Yahweh." -* **By myself I have sworn** - This can also be translated as "I have sworn and I am my witness." Yahweh said "by myself" to assure Abraham that he would do what he swore to do. -* **you have done this thing** - This can be translated as "you obeyed me" +* **By myself I have sworn** - AT: "I have promised and I am my witness." Yahweh said "by myself" to assure Abraham that he would do what he swore to do. +* **you have done this thing** - "you obeyed me" * **have not withheld** - "have not kept back" * **your son, your only son** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:22:01]]. * **surely bless** - "certainly bless" * **I will greatly multiply your descendants** - "I will cause your descendants to increase again and again" or "I will cause your descendants to be very many" -* **as the stars of heaven, and as the sand which is upon the seashore** - God compared Abraham's descendants to the stars and the sand. Just as people cannot count the huge number of stars or the grains of sand, so there would be so many of Abraham's descendants that people would not be able to count them. Alternate translation: "beyond what you can count." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **as the stars of heaven, and as the sand which is upon the seashore** - God compared Abraham's descendants to the stars and the sand. Just as people cannot count the huge number of stars or the grains of sand, so there would be so many of Abraham's descendants that people would not be able to count them. AT: "beyond what you can count." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **will possess the gate of their enemies** - This means "will triumph over their enemies." Armies would break through the gate of their enemies' cities and conquer them. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/gen/22/20.md b/gen/22/20.md index ae8fa210d..388b8b71a 100644 --- a/gen/22/20.md +++ b/gen/22/20.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **Abraham was told** - "it was told to Abraham" or "someone told Abraham" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Milcah has borne children, as well** - "Milcah has also borne children" * **Milcah** - This is the name of a woman. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **They were Uz his first-born, Buz his brother** - This can be translated as "The name of his first born was Uz, and the names of the rest of his children were Buz his brother," +* **They were Uz his first-born, Buz his brother** - born, Buz his brother** - This can be translated as "The name of his first born was Uz, and the names of the rest of his children were Buz his brother," * **Uz…Buz…Kemuel…Aram…Chesed, Hazo, Pildash, Jidlaph, and Bethuel** - These are all names of men. Translate this so that it is clear that all of these except Aram are the sons of Nahor and Milcah. diff --git a/gen/23/01.md b/gen/23/01.md index f95fbc852..2927e0d6a 100644 --- a/gen/23/01.md +++ b/gen/23/01.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Sarah lived a hundred and twenty-seven years.** - "Sarah lived 127 years." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **Sarah lived a hundred and twenty-seven years.** - seven years.** - "Sarah lived 127 years." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **These were the years of the life of Sarah.** - Some translations do not include this sentence. -* **Kiriatharba** - This is the name of a city. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Kiriath Arba** - This is the name of a city. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Abraham mourned and wept for Sarah** - This can be translated as "Abraham was very sad and cried because Sarah died." diff --git a/gen/24/01.md b/gen/24/01.md index 2b20abf68..000e8b236 100644 --- a/gen/24/01.md +++ b/gen/24/01.md @@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **old, well advanced in years** - The phrases "old" and "well advanced in years" mean the same thing. The two of them together emphasize that Abraham was "very old." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **old, well advanced in years** - The words "old" and "well advanced in years" mean the same thing. The two of them together emphasize that Abraham was "very old." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **Put your hand under my thigh** - Abraham was about to ask the servant to swear to do something. Putting his hand under Abraham's thigh would show that he would certainly do what he would swear to do. * **and I will make you swear** - This can be expressed as a command: "and swear." * **swear by Yahweh** - This can be translated as "promise me in the name of Yahweh" or "promise me with God as your witness." * **the God of heaven and the God of the earth** - "the God of heaven and earth" or "the God of everything in heaven and earth" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]] ) -* **from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell** - "from these Canaanites that we live among" -* **but you will go** - This can be translated as a command: "Swear that you will go" or "But go." +* **from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I make my home** - "from these Canaanites that we live among" +* **But you will go** - This can be translated as a command: "Swear that you will go" or "But go." * **my relatives** - "my family" diff --git a/gen/24/12.md b/gen/24/12.md index 6cd4b1270..ffb85802d 100644 --- a/gen/24/12.md +++ b/gen/24/12.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * **grant me success today and show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham** - This can also be translated as "Show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham by granting me success today." * **grant me success** - "give me success" or "make me able to do what I have come here to do." The servant wanted to find a good wife for Abraham's son. * **show covenant faithfulness to my master Abraham** - This is faithfulness because of the covenant that God made with Abraham. It can be translated as "be faithful to my master Abraham because of your covenant.” -* **look** - Here the word "look" adds emphasis to what follows. +* **Look** - Here the word "look" adds emphasis to what follows. * **the spring of water** - This refers to the well in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:24:12]]. It could be translated as "the spring" or "the well." * **the daughters of the men of the city** - "the young women of the city" * **Let it happen like this** - "Let it happen this way" or "Make this happen" diff --git a/gen/24/17.md b/gen/24/17.md index c4d13db9d..092f4e11b 100644 --- a/gen/24/17.md +++ b/gen/24/17.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **to meet her** - "to meet the young woman" * **a little drink of water** - "a little water" * **pitcher** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:24:12]]. -* **my lord** - "sir" (UDB) +* **my master** - "sir" (UDB) * **she quickly let down her pitcher on her hand** - "she quickly lowered her pitcher" diff --git a/gen/24/28.md b/gen/24/28.md index 119e08a54..49fc4fa60 100644 --- a/gen/24/28.md +++ b/gen/24/28.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **all these things** - "everything that had just happened" +* **all of these things** - "everything that had just happened" * **Now** - This word is used here to mark a new part of the story. We learn that Rebekah had a brother, and the story now tells about what he did. * **spring** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:24:12]]. -* **When he had seen the nose ring…and heard the words of Rebekah his sister** - This tells why Laban ran out to the man. +* **When he had seen the nose ring ... and when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister** - This tells why Laban ran out to the man. * **when he had heard the words of Rebekah his sister, "This is what the man said to me"** - What Laban heard can be translated as an indirect quote: "when he had heard his sister Rebekah tell what the man had said to her." * **behold** - The word “behold” here adds emphasis to what follows. You could translate this as "indeed." diff --git a/gen/24/31.md b/gen/24/31.md index 590361853..3ddcf2758 100644 --- a/gen/24/31.md +++ b/gen/24/31.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * **Come** - "Come in" or "Enter" * **you blessed of Yahweh** - "you whom Yahweh has blessed" * **you** - Here the word "you" refers to Abraham's servant. -* **What are you standing outside?** - Laban used this question to invite Abraham's servant into his house. You could translate it as "You do not need to stay outside." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Why are you standing outside?** - Laban used this question to invite Abraham's servant into his house. You could translate it as "You do not need to stay outside." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **he unloaded the camels** - It is not clear who did this work. Probably Laban told his servants to do it. It can also be translated with as "Laban's servants unloaded the camels" (UDB) or with a passive clause that does not tell who did the work: "the camels were unloaded." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **The camels were given straw and feed, and water was provided** - This does not say who did the work. Probably Laban's servants did these things. * **to wash his feet and the feet of the men who were with him** - This can be translated as "for Abraham's servant and the men who were with him to wash their feet." diff --git a/gen/24/54.md b/gen/24/54.md index fc55255b6..5ed050ae5 100644 --- a/gen/24/54.md +++ b/gen/24/54.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **arose in the morning** - "got up the next morning" * **a few more days, at least ten** - "at least ten more days" * **ten** - "10" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **After that** - After that- "Then" +* **After that** - "Then" diff --git a/gen/25/07.md b/gen/25/07.md index 87e813746..086e091b2 100644 --- a/gen/25/07.md +++ b/gen/25/07.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **These are the days of the years of Abraham’s life which he lived, one hundred seventy-five years** - "Abraham lived 175 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **These are the days of the years of Abraham’s life which he lived, 175 years** - "Abraham lived 175 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **Abraham breathed his last and died** - "Abraham took his last breath and died." Alternate translation: "Abraham died" -* **at a good old age, an old man with a full life** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abraham lived a very long time. Alternate translation "when he had lived a very long time and was very old" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **at a good old age, an old man with a full life** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abraham lived a very long time. AT: "when he had lived a very long time and was very old" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **he was gathered to his people** - This means that after Abraham died, his soul went to the same place as his relatives who died before him. Alternate translation: "he joined his family members who had already died." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/gen/25/13.md b/gen/25/13.md index a30c20d93..f8b927fa3 100644 --- a/gen/25/13.md +++ b/gen/25/13.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]. -* **These were the sons of Ishmael, and these were their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their tribes** - Alternate translation: "These were the names of Ishmael's twelve sons. They led tribes that were named after them, and they each had their own villages and campsites." +* **These were Ishmael's sons, and these were their names, by their villages, and by their encampments; twelve princes according to their tribes** - AT: "These were the names of Ishmael's twelve sons. They led tribes that were named after them, and they each had their own villages and campsites." * **twelve** - "12" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/gen/25/19.md b/gen/25/19.md index 67cbc46f2..a4334ce74 100644 --- a/gen/25/19.md +++ b/gen/25/19.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * **forty** - "40" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **when he took as his wife Rebekah** - "when he married Rebekah" * **Bethuel** - See how you translated this man's name in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:22:20]]. -* **Paddan-aram** - This is the name of a land. +* **Paddan-aram** - aram** - This is the name of a land. * **Laban** - See how you translated this man's name in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:24:28]]. diff --git a/gen/25/23.md b/gen/25/23.md index f7bf2613f..2fc52e016 100644 --- a/gen/25/23.md +++ b/gen/25/23.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **said to her** - "said to Rebekah" * **Two nations are in your womb** - This is poetic language that means the two children will start two separate nations. Alternate translations: "Two nations will come from the twins within you" or "The two babies in your womb will each become the ancestor of a nation." * **And two peoples will be separated from within you** - This can be translated with an active verb: "And those two groups of people will separate from each other even when you give birth to them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the older will serve the younger** - Possible meanings are 1) "the older son will serve the younger son" or 2) "the descendants of the older son will serve the descendants of the younger son." If possible, translate it so that people could understand either meaning. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **the older will serve the younger** - Possible meanings are 1) "the older son will serve the younger son" or 2) "the descendants of the older son will serve the descendants of the younger son." If possible, translate it so that people could understand either meaning. diff --git a/gen/26/09.md b/gen/26/09.md index 4778d9546..4540ddf8e 100644 --- a/gen/26/09.md +++ b/gen/26/09.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Abimilech called Isaac to him** - "Abimilech sent for Isaac." Abimelech probably sent someone to tell Isaac to go to him. +* **Abimelech called Isaac to him** - "Abimilech sent for Isaac." Abimelech probably sent someone to tell Isaac to go to him. * **to get her** - "so he could take her" * **"What is this you have done to us?** - Abimelech used this question to scold Isaac. Alternate translation: "You should not have done this to us!" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Whoever touches this man** - Here "touches" means to touch in a harmful way. Alternate translation: "Whoever harms this man." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/gen/27/13.md b/gen/27/13.md index c6d8247a9..38ffc0bd7 100644 --- a/gen/27/13.md +++ b/gen/27/13.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **My son, let any curse fall upon me** - "Let your curse be on me, my son" +* **My son, let any curse fall on me** - "Let your curse be on me, my son" * **obey my voice** - Rebekah said "my voice" to refer to what she was saying. This could be translated as "obey what I tell you" or "obey me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **bring them to me** - "bring me the young goats" * **made delicious food, just like his father loved** - See how a similar sentence was translated in [[en:bible:notes:gen:27:03]]. diff --git a/gen/27/15.md b/gen/27/15.md index 423886550..01e69d165 100644 --- a/gen/27/15.md +++ b/gen/27/15.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **she put the skins of the young goats on his hands** - The goat skins still had the hair on them. +* **She put the skins of the young goats on his hands** - The goat skins still had the hair on them. * **She put the delicious food and the bread that she had prepared into the hand of her son Jacob** - "She gave to her son Jacob the delicious food and bread which she had prepared" diff --git a/gen/27/20.md b/gen/27/20.md index 255b8679f..6b3369597 100644 --- a/gen/27/20.md +++ b/gen/27/20.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **He said** - "Jacob replied" * **How is it that you have found it so quickly** - "How did you find it so quickly" -* **brought it to me** - brought it to me- "caused it to happen in front of me" or "granted me success" -* **you are my very son Esau** - "you are really my son Esau" +* **brought it to me** - "caused it to happen in front of me" or "granted me success" +* **you are my true son Esau** - "you are really my son Esau" diff --git a/gen/28/01.md b/gen/28/01.md index 2dbb814cf..a38008db3 100644 --- a/gen/28/01.md +++ b/gen/28/01.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **You will not take** - "Do not take" -* **a wife from the Canaanite women ** - a wife from the Canaanite women - "from the daughters of Canaan" -* **Arise, go ** - Arise, go - "Go right away" +* **You must not take** - "Do not take" +* **a wife from the Canaanite women ** - "from the daughters of Canaan" +* **Arise, go ** - "Go right away" * **Paddan Aram** - See how this was translated in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:25:19]]. * **Bethuel** - See how you translated this man's name in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:22:20]]. * **your mother’s father** - "your grandfather" diff --git a/gen/28/03.md b/gen/28/03.md index e83922961..3f6d40e36 100644 --- a/gen/28/03.md +++ b/gen/28/03.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Isaac continues speaking to Jacob -* **make you fruitful and multiply you** - These two phrases say basically the same thing for emphasis. Alternate translation: "give you many children and descendents. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **make you fruitful and multiply you** - The word “multiply” explains how God would make Jacob “fruitful.” AT: "give you many children and descendants" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **May he give you the blessing of Abraham** - "May Yahweh give you the blessing he gave to Abraham" * **your descendants after you** - “your offspring with you” * **the land where you have been living** - "the land where you have been staying" diff --git a/gen/28/05.md b/gen/28/05.md index b9d0e97f2..b388d863a 100644 --- a/gen/28/05.md +++ b/gen/28/05.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Paddan-aram** - See how this was translated in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:25:19]]. +* **Paddan Aram** - See how this was translated in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:25:19]]. * **Bethuel** - See how you translated this man's name in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:22:20]]. diff --git a/gen/28/06.md b/gen/28/06.md index 29141c561..5c0513b22 100644 --- a/gen/28/06.md +++ b/gen/28/06.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * **Now** - This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Esau. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) * **Paddan Aram** - See how this was translated in [[en:bible:notes:gen:25:19]]. * **to take a wife** - "to take a wife for himself" -* **he also saw that Isaac had blessed him** - "Esau also saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob" -* **You must not take ** - You must not take - "Do not take" +* **He also saw that Isaac had blessed him** - "Esau also saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob" +* **You must not take ** - "Do not take" * **women of Canaan** - "daughters of Canaan" or "Canaanite women" diff --git a/gen/28/08.md b/gen/28/08.md index 4e1d733c2..4abc6ae99 100644 --- a/gen/28/08.md +++ b/gen/28/08.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * **the women of Canaan did not please Isaac his father** - "his father Isaac did not approve of the women of Canaan" * **women of Canaan** - "daughters of Canaan" or "the Canaanite women" * **So** - "Because of that" -* **besides the wives that he had ** - besides the wives that he had - "in addition to the wives that he already had" +* **besides the wives that he had ** - "in addition to the wives that he already had" * **Mahalath** - This is the name of one of Ishmael's daughters. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Nebaioth** - This is the name of one of Ishmael's sons. diff --git a/gen/28/16.md b/gen/28/16.md index 67194dc1a..b6105c9dd 100644 --- a/gen/28/16.md +++ b/gen/28/16.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **awoke out of his sleep** - "woke up from his sleep" -* **the house of God. This is the gate of heaven** - Jacob was expressing why he considered the place to be very holy. (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **the house of God...the gate of heaven** - The phrase "the gate of heaven" explains that this place is the entrance to "the house of God." AT: "the entrance to where God lives" (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/gen/29/01.md b/gen/29/01.md index 6ca2cbab1..ea13ac11d 100644 --- a/gen/29/01.md +++ b/gen/29/01.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **and, behold, three flocks of sheep were lying there by it** - The word “behold” This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. -* **for out of that well** - This phrase marks a change from the story to background information about how the shepherds watered the flocks. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) +* **For out of that well** - This phrase marks a change from the story to background information about how the shepherds watered the flocks. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) * **they would water** - "the shepherds would water" or "those taking care of the sheep would water" * **the well's mouth** - "the opening of the well" diff --git a/gen/29/21.md b/gen/29/21.md index 1e7992c15..7386644fb 100644 --- a/gen/29/21.md +++ b/gen/29/21.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Give me my wife, for my days have been completed–so that I may marry her** - Alternate translation: "Give me Rachel so that I may marry her, for I have worked seven years for you." +* **Give me my wife, for my days have been completed–so that I may marry her** - so that I may marry her** - Alternate translation: "Give me Rachel so that I may marry her, for I have worked seven years for you." * **made a feast** - "prepared a wedding feast" diff --git a/gen/30/03.md b/gen/30/03.md index ac6bbf44d..89c20718e 100644 --- a/gen/30/03.md +++ b/gen/30/03.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Then she said,** - "Then Rachel said," +* **She said,** - "Then Rachel said," * **See** - This can be translated as “Look” (UDB) or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” * **Bilhah** - This is the name of Rachel's female servant. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **on my knees** - This expression means that Bilhah's children will belong to Rachel. It could be translated as "for me." diff --git a/gen/30/05.md b/gen/30/05.md index d981b6ec5..5c1918738 100644 --- a/gen/30/05.md +++ b/gen/30/05.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **Bilhah conceived** - This is the name of Rachel's female servant. See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:30:03]]. * **bore Jacob a son ** - "gave birth to a son for Jacob" * **God has listened to me** - This can be translated as "God has judged me" -* **heard my voice ** - heard my voice - Here "my voice" is a synecdoche and can be translated as "heard me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **heard my voice ** - Here "my voice" is a synecdoche and can be translated as "heard me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **she called his name** - "Rachel called his name" * ** called his name Dan** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Dan means 'he judged.'" diff --git a/gen/30/07.md b/gen/30/07.md index 7dd9ebeca..0858604c6 100644 --- a/gen/30/07.md +++ b/gen/30/07.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **Bilhah...conceived again** - "Bilhah...became pregnant again" * **and bore Jacob a second son** - "and gave birth to a second son for Jacob" * **With mighty wrestlings have I wrestled with my sister** - The phrase "wrestlings have I wrestled" is an idiom used for emphasis. It is also a metaphor that compares a physical fight with Rachel's attempts to have a child like her sister has. It could be translated as "I have had a great struggle to have children like my older sister, Leah." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **and prevailed** - "and I have won" or "I have succeeded" -* ** called his name Naphtal** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Naphtali means 'my struggle.'" +* **and have prevailed** - "and I have won" or "I have succeeded" +* ** called his name Naphtali** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Naphtali means 'my struggle.'" diff --git a/gen/30/09.md b/gen/30/09.md index 11ce8018c..64bf34103 100644 --- a/gen/30/09.md +++ b/gen/30/09.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **When Leah saw that** - "When Leah became aware that" -* **she took Zilpah her servant and gave her to Jacob as a wife.** - "she gave Zilpah, her servant, to Jacob as a wife." +* **she took Zilpah, her servant, and gave her to Jacob as a wife** - "she gave Zilpah, her servant, to Jacob as a wife." * **Zilpah** - This is the name of Leah's female servant. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **bore Jacob a son.** - "gave birth to a son for Jacob" * **This is fortunate!** - "How fortunate!" or "What good luck!" diff --git a/gen/30/12.md b/gen/30/12.md index e62122b97..f3cef63b2 100644 --- a/gen/30/12.md +++ b/gen/30/12.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **bore Jacob a second son** - "gave birth to a second son for Jacob" * **I am happy!** - "How blessed I am!" or "How happy I am!" * **the daughters** - "the women" or "the young women" -* **called his name Ashwer** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Asher means 'happy.'" +* **called his name Asher** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Asher means 'happy.'" diff --git a/gen/30/16.md b/gen/30/16.md index cb9d90bdc..f07d8b401 100644 --- a/gen/30/16.md +++ b/gen/30/16.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **with my son's mandrakes** - "for the price of my son's mandrakes." See how "mandrake" was translated in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:30:14]]. -* **She conceived** - "She became pregnant" +* **she conceived** - "She became pregnant" * **and bore Jacob a fifth son** - "and gave birth to a fifth son for Jacob" * **my wages** - Leah believed that God was rewarding her for giving her servant to Jacob. Alternate translation: "my due" or "my reward" * **She called his name Issachar.** - Translators may also add a footnote that says: "The name Issachar means 'there is a reward.'" diff --git a/gen/30/22.md b/gen/30/22.md index e8944f3f5..82c439d72 100644 --- a/gen/30/22.md +++ b/gen/30/22.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God remembered Rachel** - God cared for Rachel and chose to enable her to become pregnant. +* **God called Rachel to mind** - God cared for Rachel and chose to enable her to become pregnant. * **She called his name Joseph** - Translators may also add a footnote that says: "The name Joseph means 'may he add.'" * **Yahweh has added to me another son** - Rachel's first sons were through her female servant Bilhah. diff --git a/gen/30/37.md b/gen/30/37.md index 616933ae8..0a7282f04 100644 --- a/gen/30/37.md +++ b/gen/30/37.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **fresh poplar...almond...plane tree** - These are all trees with white wood. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) +* **fresh poplar ... almond ... plane tree** - These are all trees with white wood. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **and peeled white streaks in them, and made the white inner wood appear that was in the sticks** - "and peeled off pieces of bark so that the white wood underneath would show" -* **the watering-trough** - a long open container for holding water for animals to drink +* **the watering-trough** - trough** - a long open container for holding water for animals to drink * **conceived** - "mated" or "bred" diff --git a/gen/30/39.md b/gen/30/39.md index 19ec454fd..d3da000d6 100644 --- a/gen/30/39.md +++ b/gen/30/39.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **conceived ** - conceived - "bred" or "mated" (UDB) +* **conceived ** - "bred" or "mated" (UDB) * **produced striped, speckled, and spotted young** - "gave birth to babies with stripes and spots" * **and set the face of the flock toward** - "and he turned them to look at" * **he separated his flocks** - "he set his flocks apart" diff --git a/gen/31/01.md b/gen/31/01.md index 81d308f47..f65792183 100644 --- a/gen/31/01.md +++ b/gen/31/01.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Jacob heard the words of Laban’s sons, that they said** - "Jacob heard that Laban's sons were saying," -* **has taken all that was our father’s** - Laban's sons were exaggerating because they were angry. This could be translated as "has taken so much that belonged to our father." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **Jacob saw the look on Laban's face. He saw that his attitude toward him had changed** - This is two different ways of saying the same thing. It is used for emphasis. "Jacob noticed that Laban was no longer pleased with him." (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **has taken away all that was our father’s** - Laban's sons were exaggerating because they were angry. This could be translated as "has taken so much that belonged to our father." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **Jacob saw the look on Laban's face. He saw that his attitude toward him had changed** - These two sentences mean basically the same thing. The second explains the look that Jacob saw on Laban's face. AT: "Jacob noticed that Laban was no longer pleased with him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **your fathers** - "your father Isaac and your grandfather Abraham" diff --git a/gen/31/07.md b/gen/31/07.md index 4a33df7a7..2dbab74f4 100644 --- a/gen/31/07.md +++ b/gen/31/07.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **to hurt me** - Possible meanings are 1) to cause Jacob to suffer in any way or 2) physical harm, as in the UDB. * **the flock bore** - "the flock gave birth to" * **The speckled animals** - "the animals with spots" -* **the striped** - "the animals with stripes" -* **In this way God has taken away the cattle of your father and given them to me** - "This is how God gave your father's cattle to me." +* **The striped** - "the animals with stripes" +* **In this way God has taken away the livestock of your father and given them to me** - "This is how God gave your father's cattle to me." diff --git a/gen/31/14.md b/gen/31/14.md index 07a2a3919..9abc7dbc1 100644 --- a/gen/31/14.md +++ b/gen/31/14.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **Rachel and Leah answered and said to him** - This does not mean they talked at the same time. It emphasizes they agreed with each other. * **Is there any portion or inheritance for us in our father’s house?** - Rachel and Leah use a question to emphasize that there is nothing left for their father to give. Alternate translation: "There is absolutely nothing left for us to inherit from our father." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Are we not treated by him as foreigners?** - They use a question to show their anger about how their father treats them. This can be translated with an active verb: "Our father treats us like a foreign women instead of daughters." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **for he has sold us** - This can be made more explicit: "he has sold us for his own gain." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **For he has sold us** - This can be made more explicit: "he has sold us for his own gain." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **completely devoured** - "completely used up" * **are now ours and our children's** - "belongs to us and to our children" * ** whatever God has said to you, do it** - "do all that God has told you" diff --git a/gen/31/17.md b/gen/31/17.md index c5aba648c..7c029a125 100644 --- a/gen/31/17.md +++ b/gen/31/17.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **his sons** - Jacob took all of his children. It only mentions the sons because they are important as his heirs. Alternate translation: "his children." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **He began to drive all his cattle** - "cattle" is referring to all his domesticate animals. Alternate translation: "He drove all his cattle." -* **the cattle of his possesion, which he had gained in Paddan-aram** - "the cattle which he gained in Paddan-aram" +* **He began to drive all his livestock** - "Livestock" is referring to all his domesticate animals. Alternate translation: "He drove all his cattle." +* **the livestock in his possession, which he had gained in Paddan Aram** - "the cattle which he gained in Paddan Aram" * **He began to go to Isaac his father, to the land of Canaan** - "He went to the land of Canaan, to his Father Isaac" diff --git a/gen/31/41.md b/gen/31/41.md index 796dde7d7..d6fb86f6a 100644 --- a/gen/31/41.md +++ b/gen/31/41.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ * **fourteen years** - "14 years" * **changed my wages ten times** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:31:07]]. * **and the one Isaac fears** - "and the same God my father Isaac fears" -* **sent me away empty-handed** - Alternate translation: "with absolutely nothing" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **sent me away empty-handed** - handed** - Alternate translation: "with absolutely nothing" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/gen/31/45.md b/gen/31/45.md index a47e9f491..01a74dd9a 100644 --- a/gen/31/45.md +++ b/gen/31/45.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **made a pile** - "stacked them on top of each other" -* **Jegar-saha-dutha** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Jegar-saha-dutha means 'heap of witness' in Laban's language." +* **Jegar-saha-dutha** - saha-dutha** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Jegar-saha-dutha means 'heap of witness' in Laban's language." * **Galeed** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Galeed means 'heap of witness' in Jacob's language. diff --git a/gen/32/01.md b/gen/32/01.md index 059a61126..a6bb9a651 100644 --- a/gen/32/01.md +++ b/gen/32/01.md @@ -6,5 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Verse 1** - Verse [[:en:bible:notes:gen:31:54]] is the first verse of this chapter in the original Hebrew text. This affects the numbering of all the verses in this chapter in Hebrew. However, most modern Bibles do not use the Hebrew pattern. We suggest that you follow the numbering of Bibles in your national language. * **Mahanaim** - Translators may also add a footnote that says “The name Mahanaim means 'two camps.'” diff --git a/gen/32/03.md b/gen/32/03.md index 7f8190f0a..20ee3165b 100644 --- a/gen/32/03.md +++ b/gen/32/03.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my lord Esau** - Jacob is using polite language and refers to his brother as "my lord." +* **my master Esau** - Jacob is using polite language and refers to his brother as "my master." * **your servant Jacob** - Jacob is using polite language and refers to himself as "your servant." * **donkey** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:12:14]]. * **sent to tell this** - The phrase "my messengers" is understood. Alternate translation: "sent my messengers to tell this." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) diff --git a/gen/32/09.md b/gen/32/09.md index 8bedb1e78..0c422b13c 100644 --- a/gen/32/09.md +++ b/gen/32/09.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **O God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, Yahweh** - This does not refer to different gods, but to the one God they all worship. Alternate translation: "O Yahweh, who is God of my father Abraham and my father Isaac." +* **God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, Yahweh** - This does not refer to different gods, but to the one God they all worship. Alternate translation: "O Yahweh, who is God of my father Abraham and my father Isaac." * **and to your kindred** - "and to your family" * **I will prosper you** - “I will do good for you” or “I will treat you well.” * **I am not worthy of all your acts of covenant faithfulness and of all the trustworthiness that you have done for your servant** - "I do not deserve for you to remain faithful to your covenant or for you to show loyalty to your servant." diff --git a/gen/32/11.md b/gen/32/11.md index 39816b58c..d2cecb466 100644 --- a/gen/32/11.md +++ b/gen/32/11.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **deliver me** - "rescue me" or "save me" -* **from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau** - These are two ways of saying the same thing. Also, the word "hand" refers to Esau's power. Alternate translation: "from the power of my brother, Esau" or "from my brother, Esau." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] or [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **rescue me** - "save me" +* **from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau** - Here the word "hand" refers to power. The two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second clarifies that the brother whom Jacob intended was Esau. AT: "from the power of my brother, Esau" or "from my brother, Esau" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] or [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **I am afraid of him, that he will** - "I am afraid that he will" -* **make you prosper ** - make you prosper - "do good to you" or "treat you well." +* **make you prosper ** - "do good to you" or "treat you well." * **I will make your descendants like the sand of the sea** - God compared Jacob's descendants to the grains of sand around the sea. This emphasizes the large number of descendants that God will give Jacob. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **which cannot be numbered for their number** - "which you cannot count because of their number" diff --git a/gen/32/17.md b/gen/32/17.md index e04ced76a..0ae9db5e7 100644 --- a/gen/32/17.md +++ b/gen/32/17.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **He instructed** - "He commanded" * **To whom do you belong?** - "Who is your master?" -* **whose are these animals before you?** - "who owns these animals in front of you?" +* **whose are these animals in front of you?** - "who owns these animals in front of you?" * **They are your servant Jacob's** - "They belong to your servant Jacob" diff --git a/gen/32/29.md b/gen/32/29.md index b731c6287..67587b15e 100644 --- a/gen/32/29.md +++ b/gen/32/29.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * **He said, "Why is it that you ask my name?"** - "He said, 'Why would you ask about my name?'" This rhetorical question was meant to shock, rebuke and cause Jacob to ponder over what just happened between him and the other man he just wrestled with. Alternate Translation: "Do not ask me for my name." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Peniel** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Peniel means 'the face of God.'" -* **and my life is preserved** - "yet he spared my life" +* **and my life is delivered** - "yet he spared my life" diff --git a/gen/33/04.md b/gen/33/04.md index 8019079a2..fc2c05b45 100644 --- a/gen/33/04.md +++ b/gen/33/04.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **meet him** - "meet Jacob" * **embraced him, hugged his neck, and kissed him** - This could be translated as a new sentence. "Esau put his arms around Jacob, hugged him, and kissed him." * **they wept** - This can be translated more explicitly as "Then Esau and Jacob cried because they were happy to see each other again." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). -* **he saw the women and children** - "he saw women and children that were with Jacob" +* **he saw the women and the children** - "he saw women and children that were with Jacob" * **The children whom God has graciously given your servant** - The phrase "your servant" is a polite way for Jacob to refer to himself. Alternate translation: "these are the children God has kindly given me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]). diff --git a/gen/33/06.md b/gen/33/06.md index cbd034d97..5737e530b 100644 --- a/gen/33/06.md +++ b/gen/33/06.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **female servants ** - female servants - "servant wives." This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. +* **female servants ** - "servant wives." This refers to Bilhah and Zilpah. * **What do you mean by all these groups that I met?** - The phrase "all these groups" refers to the groups of servants that Jacob sent to give gifts to Esau. "Why did you send all of those different groups to meet me?" -* **To find favor in the sight of my lord** - The phrase "my lord" is a polite way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: "So that you would be pleased with me." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **To find favor in the sight of my master** - The phrase "my master" is a polite way of referring to Esau. Alternate translation: "So that you would be pleased with me." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) diff --git a/gen/33/09.md b/gen/33/09.md index 40f940e6e..bdc1a70bd 100644 --- a/gen/33/09.md +++ b/gen/33/09.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **I have enough** - This can be made more explicit: "I have enough property." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). * **if I have found favor in your sight** - "if you are pleased with me." Alternate translation: "since you are pleased with me." * **my gift from my hand** - "this gift that I am giving to you" -* **for, indeed** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "For, certainly" +* **for indeed** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "For certainly" * **I have seen your face, and it is like seeing the face of God** - Jacob compares Esau's face to God's face. The meaning of this is unclear. Possible meanings are 1) Jacob is happy that Esau has forgiven him like God has forgiven him or 2) Jacob is amazed to see his brothers again like he was amazed to see God or 3) Jacob is humbled to be in Esau's presence like he was humbled to be in God's presence. * **God has dealt graciously with me** - "God has treated me very well" or "God has blessed me very much" * **Thus Jacob urged him, and Esau accepted it** - It was customary to refuse a gift first, but then to accept the gift before the giver was offended. diff --git a/gen/33/18.md b/gen/33/18.md index 0c380519f..1032dc698 100644 --- a/gen/33/18.md +++ b/gen/33/18.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When Jacob came from Paddan-aram** - "When" starts a new story line (episode) with Jacob after he rested in Succoth. +* **When Jacob came from Paddan-aram** - aram** - "When" starts a new story line (episode) with Jacob after he rested in Succoth. * **he camped near** - "he set up his camp near" * **piece of ground** - "piece of land" * **Hamor** - This is the name of a man. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Shechem’s father** - Shechem is the name of a city and the name of a man. * **a hundred** - "100" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **El-Elohe-Israel** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El-Elohe-Israel means 'God, the God of Israel.'" +* **El-Elohe-Israel** - Elohe-Israel** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El-Elohe-Israel means 'God, the God of Israel.'" diff --git a/gen/34/04.md b/gen/34/04.md index c958ded77..0ee3b6a56 100644 --- a/gen/34/04.md +++ b/gen/34/04.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now Jacob ** - Background Information]]) +* **Now Jacob ** - "Now" is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jacob.(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) * **Jacob heard that he** - The word "he" refers to Shechem. -* **he had defiled ** - he had defiled - Jacob heard that Shechem raped Dinah. "Defiled" can be translated as "dishonored" or "disgraced." (UDB) +* **he had defiled ** - AT: "he had seized and slept with" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **held his peace** - "kept silent" diff --git a/gen/34/08.md b/gen/34/08.md index 5f76b999e..5b52e7148 100644 --- a/gen/34/08.md +++ b/gen/34/08.md @@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Hamor spoke with them** - "Hamor spoke with Jacob and his sons." -* **is in love with** - Alternate translation: "loves her and wants to marry her" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **loves your daughter** - Alternate translation: "loves her and wants to marry her" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **give her to him as a wife** - In some cultures, the parents decide whom their children will marry. -* **Intermarry with us** - "Allow marriages among your people and ours" -* **intermarry** - to marry a member of a different racial, social, religious, or tribal group +* **Intermarry with us** - "Allow marriages among your people and ours"; "to intermarry is to marry a member of a different racial, social, religious, or tribal group" diff --git a/gen/34/14.md b/gen/34/14.md index a4ff4b418..7536d19b9 100644 --- a/gen/34/14.md +++ b/gen/34/14.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **They said to them** - "Jacob's sons said to Shechem and Hamor" -* **we cannot do this thing, to give our sister** - "We cannot agree to give Dinah in marriage" +* **We cannot do this thing, to give our sister** - "We cannot agree to give Dinah in marriage" * **for that would be a disgrace to us** - "for that would cause us shame" diff --git a/gen/34/20.md b/gen/34/20.md index 48cee1520..b7a6d1535 100644 --- a/gen/34/20.md +++ b/gen/34/20.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **These men** - "Jacob, his sons, and the people of Israel" -* **peace with us** - peace with us "us" includes Hamor, his son and all the people they spoke with at the city gate. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **peace with us** - "us" includes Hamor, his son and all the people they spoke with at the city gate. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **let them live in the land and trade in it** - "let them live and trade in the land" * **for, really, the land is large enough for them** - Shechem uses the word "really" to add emphasis to his statement. Alternate translation: "because, certainly, the land is large enough" or "because, indeed, there is plenty of land for them to live here" * **take their daughters...give them our daughters** - See how you translated similar phrases in [[en:bible:notes:gen:34:08]]. diff --git a/gen/34/22.md b/gen/34/22.md index c8231a981..2a447ed03 100644 --- a/gen/34/22.md +++ b/gen/34/22.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * Hamor and Shechem his son continue to talk to the city elders. * **Only on this condition...as they are circumcised** - "Only if every man among us is circumcised, as the men of Israel are circumcised, will they agree to live among us and unite with us as one people" -* **Will not their livestock and their property - all their animals be ours?** - all their animals be ours? - Shechem uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "All of their animals and property will be ours!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Will not their livestock and their property - all their animals be ours?** - all their animals be ours?** - Shechem uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "All of their animals and property will be ours!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/gen/35/04.md b/gen/35/04.md index b928db9c0..92a845c4e 100644 --- a/gen/35/04.md +++ b/gen/35/04.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * **So they gave** - "So everyone in Jacob's household" or "So all of his family and servants gave" * **that were in their hand** - "that were in their possession" or "that they had" * **the rings that were in their ears** - "their earrings." (UDB) Possible meanings are 1) the gold in the earrings could have been used to make more idols or 2) they took these earrings from the city of Shechem after they attacked it and killed all the people. The earrings would have reminded them of their sin. -* **God made panic fall on the cities** - The people were afraid of Jacob, but God was the one who caused the people to fear Jacob. -* **the sons of Jacob** - It is implied that no one attacked anyone in Jacob's family. But two of the sons, Simeon and Levi had attacked the Canaanites relatives of Shechem after he raped Jacob's daughter. Jacob was afraid they would seek revenge in [[en:bible:notes:gen:34:30]]. Alternate translation: "Jacob's family" or "Jacob's household." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **God made panic to fall on the cities** - The people were afraid of Jacob, but God was the one who caused the people to fear Jacob. +* **the sons of Jacob** - It is implied that no one attacked anyone in Jacob's family. But two of the sons, Simeon and Levi had attacked the Canaanites relatives of Shechem after he seized and slept with Jacob's daughter. Jacob was afraid they would seek revenge in [[en:bible:notes:gen:34:30]]. Alternate translation: "Jacob's family" or "Jacob's household." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/gen/35/06.md b/gen/35/06.md index a4a1424e9..277953089 100644 --- a/gen/35/06.md +++ b/gen/35/06.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Elbethel** - "El Bethel." Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El Bethel means 'God of Bethel.'" +* **El Bethel** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name El Bethel means 'God of Bethel.'" * **Deborah** - This is the name of a woman. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Rebekah’s nurse** - A "nurse" is a guardian and takes care of the needs of another woman's child. The nurse was highly honored and important to the family. -* **Allonbacuth (Oak of weeping)** - "Allonbacuth which means 'Oak of weeping'" +* **Rebekah’s nurse** - A nurse is a woman who takes care of another woman's child. The nurse was highly honored and important to the family. +* **Allonbacuth** - Translators may add a footnote that says:"The name Allonbacuth means 'Oak tree where there is weeping.'" diff --git a/gen/35/09.md b/gen/35/09.md index ea1b622d2..7a70ad1d0 100644 --- a/gen/35/09.md +++ b/gen/35/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **came from Paddanaram** - See Genesis [[en:bible:notes:gen:25:19]] for how you translated "paddanaram". -* **but your name shall no longer be called Jacob** - "but your name shall no longer be Jacob" +* **but your name will no longer be called Jacob** - "but your name shall no longer be Jacob" diff --git a/gen/35/11.md b/gen/35/11.md index 08dff1a03..0a00fb1c4 100644 --- a/gen/35/11.md +++ b/gen/35/11.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **God said to him** - "God said to Jacob" -* **be fruitful and multiply** - See how you translated these commands in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:28]]. +* **Be fruitful and multiply** - See how you translated these commands in [[:en:bible:notes:gen:01:28]]. * **A nation and a company of nations** - "Many nations" diff --git a/gen/35/21.md b/gen/35/21.md index 7b7d7e286..21312ef4a 100644 --- a/gen/35/21.md +++ b/gen/35/21.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Migdal-Eder** - This refers to a tower or a tall building that shepherds would build to watch over their flocks. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Migdal-Eder** - Eder** - This refers to a tower or a tall building that shepherds would build to watch over their flocks. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Bilhah** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:29:28]]. diff --git a/gen/36/01.md b/gen/36/01.md index fff405999..0e2ad4412 100644 --- a/gen/36/01.md +++ b/gen/36/01.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **These are the descendants of Esau (also called Edom)** - "These are the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom." This sentence introduces the account of Esau's descendants in Genesis 36:1-8. Alternate translation: "This is an account of the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom." +* **These were the descendants of Esau (also called Edom)** - "These are the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom." This sentence introduces the account of Esau's descendants in Genesis 36:1-8. Alternate translation: "This is an account of the descendants of Esau, who is also called Edom." * **Adah...Oholibamah** - These are names of Esau's wives. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Elon the Hittite** - See how you translate this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:26:34]]. -* **Anah, Zibeon, and Nebaioth** - These are names of men. +* **Anah ... Zibeon ... Nebaioth** - These are names of men. * **Hivite** - This refers to a larger group of people. See how you translated it in [[en:bible:notes:gen:10:15]]. * **Basemath** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:26:34]]. * **Nebaioth** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:28:08]]. diff --git a/gen/36/04.md b/gen/36/04.md index 2600a81a9..bf02e911e 100644 --- a/gen/36/04.md +++ b/gen/36/04.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Adah, Basemath, and Oholibamah** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:01]]. -* **Eliphaz, Reuel, Jeush, Jalam, and Korah** - These are names of Esau's sons. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Adah ... Basemath ... Oholibamah** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:01]]. +* **Eliphaz ... Reuel ... Jeush ... Jalam ...Korah** - These are names of Esau's sons. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/36/09.md b/gen/36/09.md index 5f7eb7082..2f470ba1e 100644 --- a/gen/36/09.md +++ b/gen/36/09.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **These are the descendants of Esau** - This sentence introduces the account of Esau's descendants in Genesis 36:9-43. Alternate translation: "This is an account of the descendants of Esau." +* **Following were the descendants of Esau** - This sentence introduces the account of Esau's descendants in Genesis 36:9-43. Alternate translation: "This is an account of the descendants of Esau." * **Eliphaz...Reuel** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:04]]. * **Adah...Basemath** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:01]]. * **Teman, Omar, Zepho, Gatam, and Kenaz...Amalek** - These are names of the sons of Eliphaz. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/36/13.md b/gen/36/13.md index f86e3563a..cbb8f4aa2 100644 --- a/gen/36/13.md +++ b/gen/36/13.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Reuel...Jeush, Jalam, and Korah** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:04]]. -* **Nahath, Zerah, Shammah, Mizzah...Zibeon** - These are names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Basemath...Oholibamah...Anah** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:01]]. +* **Reuel ... Jeush, Jalam, and Korah** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:04]]. +* **Nahath ... Zerah ... Shammah ... Mizzah ... Zibeon** - These are names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Basemath ... Oholibamah ... Anah** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:01]]. diff --git a/gen/36/37.md b/gen/36/37.md index c0019b9b5..30fae7686 100644 --- a/gen/36/37.md +++ b/gen/36/37.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Samlah** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:36:34]]. -* **Shaul...Baal-Hanan...Achbor...Hadar...Matred...Me-Zahab** - These are names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Shaul...Baal-Hanan...Achbor...Hadar...Matred...Me-Zahab** - Hanan...Achbor...Hadar...Matred...Me-Zahab** - These are names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Rehoboth...Pau** - These are names of places. * **by the River** - This refers to the Euphrates river. * **Mehetabel** - This is the name of a woman. diff --git a/gen/37/12.md b/gen/37/12.md index 08d593105..d9e12d853 100644 --- a/gen/37/12.md +++ b/gen/37/12.md @@ -1,14 +1,20 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:flock]] +* [[en:tw:flock|flock, herd]] * [[en:tw:hebron]] +* [[en:tw:hebron|Hebron]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] +* [[en:tw:jacob|Jacob, Israel]] * [[en:tw:josephot]] +* [[en:tw:josephot|Joseph (OT)]] * [[en:tw:shechem]] +* [[en:tw:shechem|Shechem]] * [[en:tw:word]] +* [[en:tw:word|word]] ## translationNotes -* **Are not your brothers tending the flock in Shechem?** - Jacob uses a question to introduce a new topic. Alternate translation: "You brothers are tending the flock in Shechem." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Are not your brothers tending the flock in Shechem?** - Jacob uses a question to introduce a new topic. Alternate translation: "You brothers are tending the flock in Shechem." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **I am ready** - "I am ready to go" * **bring me word** - "come tell me what you find out" or "bring me a report" diff --git a/gen/37/15.md b/gen/37/15.md index fd251975c..4e9180129 100644 --- a/gen/37/15.md +++ b/gen/37/15.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. Your language may have a way of doing this. * **What do you seek?** - "What are you looking for?" * **Tell me, please, where** - "Please tell me where" -* **tending the flock ** - tending the flock - "shepherding the flock" +* **tending the flock ** - "shepherding the flock" * **Dothan** - This is the name of a place that is about 22 kilometers from Shechem. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/37/18.md b/gen/37/18.md index 1e594d815..44ecd0823 100644 --- a/gen/37/18.md +++ b/gen/37/18.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ * **They saw him from a distance** - "Joseph's brothers saw him while he was far away" * **they plotted against him to kill him** - "they made a plan to kill him" * **this dreamer is approaching** - "here comes the one who has the dreams" -* **Come now, therefore, ** - Come now, therefore, - "So now" +* **Come now, therefore, ** - "So now" * **wild animal** - "dangerous animal" or "ferocious animal" * **has devoured him** - "has eaten him" * **We will see what will become of his dreams** - Alternate translation: "That way we will make sure his dreams do not come true." diff --git a/gen/37/27.md b/gen/37/27.md index 615bdd5b4..9666e039f 100644 --- a/gen/37/27.md +++ b/gen/37/27.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **lay our hands on him** - "hurt him" -* **he is our brother, our flesh** - Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Judah emphasizes the family relationship between Joseph and the other brothers. Alternate translation: "he is our blood relative" or "he is our very own brother" (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]). +* **he is our brother, our flesh** - These phrases mean basically the same thing. Judah emphasizes the family relationship between Joseph and the other brothers. AT: "he is our blood relative" or "he is our very own brother" (see: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]). * **His brothers listened to him** - "Judah's brothers listened to him" or "Judah's brothers agreed with him" * **Midianite...Ishmaelites** - Both names refer to the same group of traders that Joseph's brothers meet. * **for twenty pieces of silver** - "for the price of twenty pieces of silver" -* **carried Joseph into ** - carried Joseph into - "brought Joseph to" +* **carried Joseph into ** - "brought Joseph to" diff --git a/gen/37/31.md b/gen/37/31.md index be3c805c2..6a184535b 100644 --- a/gen/37/31.md +++ b/gen/37/31.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Joseph’s garment** - See how you translated the similar phrase in [[en:bible:notes:gen:37:03]]. -* **has devoured him ** - has devoured him - "has eaten him" +* **has devoured him ** - "has eaten him" * **Joseph has certainly been torn to pieces** - Alternate translation: "A wild animal has certainly torn Joseph to pieces." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/gen/38/08.md b/gen/38/08.md index 14c83a499..8afa7befc 100644 --- a/gen/38/08.md +++ b/gen/38/08.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Onan** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:38:03]]. -* **Do the duty of a brother-in-law to her** - This refers to a custom that when the oldest brother dies before he and his wife have a son, the next oldest brother would marry and have sex with the widow. When the widow gave birth to the first son, that son was considered the son of the oldest brother and he would receive the oldest brother's inheritance. +* **Do the duty of a brother-in-law to her** - in-law to her** - This refers to a custom that when the oldest brother dies before he and his wife have a son, the next oldest brother would marry and have sex with the widow. When the widow gave birth to the first son, that son was considered the son of the oldest brother and he would receive the oldest brother's inheritance. * **Yahweh killed him also** - "So Yahweh killed him also" diff --git a/gen/38/11.md b/gen/38/11.md index 970f28df3..2e5c0eac4 100644 --- a/gen/38/11.md +++ b/gen/38/11.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **his daughter-in-law** - "his oldest son's wife" +* **his daughter-in-law** - in-law** - "his oldest son's wife" * **Shelah** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:38:03]]. * **Lest he also die like his brothers** - "Or else he may die like his brother" diff --git a/gen/38/12.md b/gen/38/12.md index 47b255cc0..662aa3fd5 100644 --- a/gen/38/12.md +++ b/gen/38/12.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * **Timnah...Enaim** - These are names of a places. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Hirah the Adullamite** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:38:01]]. * **Tamar was told** - Alternate translation: "Someone told Tamar" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **your father-in-law** - "your husband's father" +* **your father-in-law** - in-law** - "your husband's father" * **of her widowhood** - "that widows wear" * **veil** - a very thin material used to cover a woman's head and face * **she had not been given to him as a wife** - Alternate translation: "Judah had not given her to Shelah as a wife" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/gen/38/15.md b/gen/38/15.md index 87a6803ba..fddb1930e 100644 --- a/gen/38/15.md +++ b/gen/38/15.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **When Judah saw her** - "When Judah saw Tamar" -* **his daughter-in-law** - "his son's wife" +* **his daughter-in-law** - in-law** - "his son's wife" * **let me make love to you** - The English translation states this more politely. Direct Translation: “let me come in to you.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **so you can make love to me** - The English version states this more politely. Direct Translation: “so you can come into me.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/gen/38/24.md b/gen/38/24.md index 18310e8ba..5190ba4d3 100644 --- a/gen/38/24.md +++ b/gen/38/24.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes * **It came about** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. -* **Tamar your daughter-in-law** - "Tamar, your oldest son's wife" +* **Tamar your daughter-in-law** - in-law** - "Tamar, your oldest son's wife" * **she is pregnant by sexual immorality** - "She is pregnant because of her sexual immorality" * **Bring her here** - "Bring her out" * **let her be burned** - Alternate translation: "we will burn her to death." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **When she was brought out** - Alternate translation: "When they brought her out" -* **her father-in-law** - "her husband's father" +* **her father-in-law** - in-law** - "her husband's father" * **seal and cords and staff** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:38:17]]. * **Shelah** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:38:03]]. diff --git a/gen/39/03.md b/gen/39/03.md index 85be9cb80..612ef7e22 100644 --- a/gen/39/03.md +++ b/gen/39/03.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **His master saw that that Yahweh was with him and that Yahweh prospered everything that he did.** - "His master realized that God was with Joseph because Yahweh prospered everything that Joseph did." -* **in his sight** - in his sight Possible meanings are 1) "Joseph found favor in Potiphar's sight" or 2) "Joseph found favor in Yahweh's sight." +* **in his sight** - Possible meanings are 1) "Joseph found favor in Potiphar's sight" or 2) "Joseph found favor in Yahweh's sight." * **Potiphar made Joseph manager over his house, and everything that he possessed, he put under his care.** - "Potiphar put Joseph in charge of his household and everything that belonged to Potiphar." +* diff --git a/gen/39/05.md b/gen/39/05.md index ce32fb774..831bfdd49 100644 --- a/gen/39/05.md +++ b/gen/39/05.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ * **It came about from the time that...that Yahweh blessed** - "And when...Yahweh blessed" * **he made him manager over his house and over everything he possessed** - "Potiphar put Joseph in charge of his household and everything that belonged to him" * **The blessing of Yahweh was on everything that Potiphar had in the house and in the field** - "Yahweh blessed Potiphar's household and his crops and livestock" -* **Potiphar put everything that he had under Joseph's care ** - Potiphar put everything that he had under Joseph's care - "So Potiphar put Joseph in charge of everything that he had." +* **Potiphar put everything that he had under Joseph's care ** - "So Potiphar put Joseph in charge of everything that he had." * **He did not have to think about anything except the food that he ate** - Alternate translation: "All Potiphar had to think about was what he wanted to eat." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **Now Joseph was handsome and attractive** - The word "now" marks a new part of the story and gives background information about Joseph. Alternate translation: "Joseph was handsome and strong" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) diff --git a/gen/39/07.md b/gen/39/07.md index 6b8132c0a..d4765cd3a 100644 --- a/gen/39/07.md +++ b/gen/39/07.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **It came about after this that** - "And so" * **Make love to me** - This meant she wanted to have sex with him. Some languages use less direct phrases such as "Lie down with me" or "Sleep with me."(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **my master does not pay attention to what I do in the house ** - my master does not pay attention to what I do in the house - "my master has no concern about his household with me in charge." Alternate translation: "my master trusts me with his household." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **my master does not pay attention to what I do in the house ** - "my master has no concern about his household with me in charge." Alternate translation: "my master trusts me with his household." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **he has put everything that he owns under my care** - "he has put me in charge of everything that belongs to him" * **No one is not greater in this house than me. He has not kept back anything from me but you** - Alternate translation: "I have more authority than anyone in this house. He has given me everything except you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **How then can I do this great wickedness and sin against God?** - Joseph uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I certainly cannot do such a wicked thing and sin against God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/gen/39/13.md b/gen/39/13.md index d2dcb5728..da3b23db8 100644 --- a/gen/39/13.md +++ b/gen/39/13.md @@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ * [[en:tw:hebrew]] * [[en:tw:mock]] * [[en:tw:potiphar]] +* [[en:tw:sex]] ## translationNotes * **It came about...that she called** - "Then...she called" * **and had fled outside** - "and had quickly ran out of the house" -* **He came in to me to make love to me** - This means to have sex with her. Some languages use less direct phrases such as "He came here to lie with me" or "He came here to sleep with me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **He came in to me to sleep with me** - Here Potiphar's wife is accusing Joseph of trying to seize her and sleep with her. * **It came about when he heard me scream, that he** - "When he heard me scream, he" diff --git a/gen/39/16.md b/gen/39/16.md index a897f24af..7940b70bf 100644 --- a/gen/39/16.md +++ b/gen/39/16.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **She told him this explanation** - "She explained it like this" * **brought to us** - The word "us" refers to Potiphar's wife and inclueds the rest of the household. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **came in to mock me** - Here, the word "mock" means to have sex with or to rape. Some languages use less direct phrases such as "came here to lie with me" or "came here to sleep with me. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **came in to mock me** - Here, the word "mock" means "to seize and to sleep with". Some languages use less direct phrases such as "came here to lie with me". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **It came about that** - "Then" * **fled outside** - "ran quickly out of the house" diff --git a/gen/39/19.md b/gen/39/19.md index afba23a1b..102f09803 100644 --- a/gen/39/19.md +++ b/gen/39/19.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **It came about that, when his master heard the explanation his wife told him** - "Then, when his master heard his wife explain to him" * **he became very angry** - "Potiphar became very angry" * **in the place where all the king's prisoners were put** - This can be translated with a active verb: "the place where the king put his prisoners." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **He was there ** - He was there "Joseph was there" +* **He was there** - "Joseph was there" diff --git a/gen/39/21.md b/gen/39/21.md index a9b28caea..6b6c3f0a9 100644 --- a/gen/39/21.md +++ b/gen/39/21.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **and showed covenant faithfulness to him** - "and was faithful to him because of the solemn promise he made to Joseph's ancestors." * **He gave him favor ** - "Yahweh gave Joseph favor" * **the prison warden** - "the prison manager" or "the man in charge of the prison" -* **Whatever they did there, Joseph was in charge of it ** - Whatever they did there, Joseph was in charge of it - "Joseph was in charge of everything they did there." +* **Whatever they did there, Joseph was in charge of it ** - "Joseph was in charge of everything they did there." * **anything that was under his care** - "anything that Joseph was in charge of" * **Whatever he did, Yahweh prospered** - "Yahweh prospered everything Joseph did." diff --git a/gen/40/16.md b/gen/40/16.md index cb7368405..e76ab058c 100644 --- a/gen/40/16.md +++ b/gen/40/16.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **the chief baker** - See how this was translated in [[en:bible:notes:gen:40:01]]. -* **that the interpretation was favorable ** - that the interpretation was favorable - "that the meaning of the dream was good" +* **that the interpretation was favorable ** - "that the meaning of the dream was good" * **I also had a dream, and** - “Also in my dream,” * **behold, three baskets of bread were on my head** - The word “behold” here shows that the baker was surprised by what he saw. Alternate translation: "there were three baskets of bread on my head!" * **baked goods for Pharaoh** - "food baked for Pharaoh" diff --git a/gen/40/20.md b/gen/40/20.md index 546bb6bd5..234c29bea 100644 --- a/gen/40/20.md +++ b/gen/40/20.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ * **the chief cupbearer and the chief baker** - See how this was translated in [[en:bible:notes:gen:40:01]]. * **It came about on the third day that** - “Afterward, on the third day,” * **He made a feast** - "He had a feast" -* **He paid special attention to the chief cupbearer and the chief baker, more than to all his other servants. ** - He paid special attention to the chief cupbearer and the chief baker, more than to all his other servants. - "He lifted up the head of the chief cupbearer and the head of the chief baker in the midst of his servants." +* **He paid special attention to the chief cupbearer and the chief baker, more than to all his other servants. ** - "He lifted up the head of the chief cupbearer and the head of the chief baker in the midst of his servants." * **He restored the chief cupbearer to his responsibility** - "He allowed the chief cupbearer to serve him again" -* **and he put the cup into Pharaoh’s hand again ** - and he put the cup into Pharaoh’s hand again - "so that he put the cup into Pharaoh's hand" +* **and he put the cup into Pharaoh’s hand again ** - "so that he put the cup into Pharaoh's hand" diff --git a/gen/41/44.md b/gen/41/44.md index 074d29efd..9ea5da1c1 100644 --- a/gen/41/44.md +++ b/gen/41/44.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Zaphenath-Paneah** - Translators may add the following footnote: The name Zaphenath-Paneah means "a revealer of secrets." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Zaphenath-Paneah** - Paneah** - Translators may add the following footnote: The name Zaphenath-Paneah means "a revealer of secrets." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **He gave him Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, as a wife** - Priests in Egypt were the highest and most privileged caste. This marriage signifies Joseph's place of honor and privilege. * **gave him Asenath** - "Asenath" is the name of the woman whom Pharaoh gave to Joseph as his wife. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **daughter of Potiphera** - "Potiphera" is the father of Asenath. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/gen/42/05.md b/gen/42/05.md index 48e995745..c18fe95e7 100644 --- a/gen/42/05.md +++ b/gen/42/05.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The sons of Israel came** - The sons of Israel came There are two possible meanings 1) "The narrative breaks at v5 and is told from the perspective of being in Egypt" (ULB) or 2) "The narrative breaks after v5 and is told from the perspective of being in Canaan" (UDB). +* **The sons of Israel came** - There are two possible meanings 1) "The narrative breaks at v5 and is told from the perspective of being in Egypt" (ULB) or 2) "The narrative breaks after v5 and is told from the perspective of being in Canaan" (UDB). * **The sons of Israel came to buy among those who came** - “The sons of Israel were among many others who came to buy grain in Egypt” * **Now Joseph...** - "Now" marks a change from the story to background information about Joseph. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) * ** over the land** - "over the land of Egypt" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **all the people of the land** - all the people of the land "all the people of all the nations that came to buy grain" +* **all the people of the land** - "all the people of all the nations that came to buy grain" diff --git a/gen/42/07.md b/gen/42/07.md index f8749e41c..23cf46f52 100644 --- a/gen/42/07.md +++ b/gen/42/07.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * **Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them** - "When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them" * **he disguised himself to them** - "he acted like he was not their brother" or "he did not let them know that he was their brother" -* **"Where have you come from?" ** - "Where have you come from?" This was not a rhetorical question even though Joseph knew the answer. It was part of his choice to keep his identity from his brothers. +* **"Where have you come from?"** - This was not a rhetorical question even though Joseph knew the answer. It was part of his choice to keep his identity from his brothers. diff --git a/gen/43/08.md b/gen/43/08.md index 83b5b9b1f..d2fc41bc8 100644 --- a/gen/43/08.md +++ b/gen/43/08.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **I will be a guarantee for him** - "I will promise to bring him back" * **You will hold me responsible** - "You will make me answer to you about what happens to Benjamin" * **let me bear the blame** - "you may blame me" -* **we would have come back here a second time ** - we would have come back here a second time - "we would have returned twice" +* **we would have come back here a second time ** - "we would have returned twice" * **For if we had not delayed** - Judah is describing something that could have happened in the past but did not. Judah is scolding his father for waiting so long to send his sons to Egypt to get more food. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) diff --git a/gen/44/01.md b/gen/44/01.md index e0ec4b2b4..7724dbca4 100644 --- a/gen/44/01.md +++ b/gen/44/01.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **every man’s money** - every man’s money These were silver coins most likely in a small sack. +* **every man’s money** - These were silver coins most likely in a small sack. * **in his sack’s opening** - "in his sack" * **Put my cup, the silver cup** - "Put my silver cup" * **in the sack’s opening of the youngest** - "in the youngest brother's sack" diff --git a/gen/44/27.md b/gen/44/27.md index d28fa3310..dfdc955b1 100644 --- a/gen/44/27.md +++ b/gen/44/27.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **said to us** - "us" does not include Joseph. (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **you know** - "you"refers to Judah. * **And if you take this one also from me ** - "you" refers to Judah, "this one" refers to Benjamin, and "me" refers to Jacob. -* **you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:42:37]]. +* **you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to sheol** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:gen:42:37]]. diff --git a/gen/44/30.md b/gen/44/30.md index f843d712b..5d9e21244 100644 --- a/gen/44/30.md +++ b/gen/44/30.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now, therefore, when I come** - Now, therefore, when I come Judah is describing to Joseph a realistic but hypothetical case of what he will expect will happen to Jacob when he returns without Benjamin. +* **Now, therefore, when I come** - Judah is describing to Joseph a realistic but hypothetical case of what he will expect will happen to Jacob when he returns without Benjamin. * **the lad is not with us** - "the boy is not with us" * **since his life is bound up in the boy’s life** - "since he said he would die if the boy did not come back" * **it will come about** - Judah is speaking about a hypothecial case in the future as if it would certainly happen. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) diff --git a/gen/45/01.md b/gen/45/01.md index 40c331f16..8450be26f 100644 --- a/gen/45/01.md +++ b/gen/45/01.md @@ -9,6 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **by him** - "near him" -* **He cried** - "He cried out loudly" or "So he shouted" * **house of Pharaoh** - "household of Pharaoh" or "everyone in Pharaoh's palace" * **shocked in his presence** - "terrified of him" diff --git a/gen/45/16.md b/gen/45/16.md index 5071ae580..950abb174 100644 --- a/gen/45/16.md +++ b/gen/45/16.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **The news of the matter was told in Pharaoh’s house: "Joseph’s brothers have come."** - Alternate translation: "Everyone in Pharaoh's palace heard that Joseph's brothers had come." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **I will give you the good of the land of Egypt** - "I will give you the best land in Egypt" -* **and you will eat the fat of the land** - and you will eat the fat of the land- "and you will eat the best food in the land" +* **and you will eat the fat of the land** - "and you will eat the best food in the land" diff --git a/gen/46/12.md b/gen/46/12.md index 01da6f239..987780ec9 100644 --- a/gen/46/12.md +++ b/gen/46/12.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **Perez, Zerah** - See how you translated these names in [[en:bible:notes:gen:38:29]]. * **Hezron...Hamul, Tola, Puvah, Lob...Shimron...Sered, Elon...Jahleel** - These are all names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Dinah** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:gen:30:19]]. -* **All the souls of his sons and his daughters were thirty-three in number** - The word "soul" refers to the person. Here "sons" and "daughters" refer to his sons, daughters, and grandchildren. Alternate translation: "Altogether he had 33 sons and daughters." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **All the souls of his sons and his daughters were thirty-three in number** - three in number** - The word "soul" refers to the person. Here "sons" and "daughters" refer to his sons, daughters, and grandchildren. Alternate translation: "Altogether he had 33 sons and daughters." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/gen/46/26.md b/gen/46/26.md index cf794b733..448796c9c 100644 --- a/gen/46/26.md +++ b/gen/46/26.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **sixty-six** - "66" +* **sixty-six** - six** - "66" * **besides** - "which excludes" or "not counting" * **house of Jacob** - "Jacob's family" or "Jacob's household" * **seventy** - "70" diff --git a/gen/47/27.md b/gen/47/27.md index fe5a36e7c..448ecba49 100644 --- a/gen/47/27.md +++ b/gen/47/27.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **They were fruitful and multiplied greatly** - The words "fruitful" and "multiplied" say basically the same thing for emphasis. Alternate translation: "They gave birth to very many children there" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **They were fruitful and multiplied greatly** - The word "multiplied" explains how they were "fruitful." AT: "They had very many children" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **seventeen years** - "17 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/gen/48/03.md b/gen/48/03.md index 4f0352ec8..1c40964dc 100644 --- a/gen/48/03.md +++ b/gen/48/03.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * **Luz** - See how you translated the name of this city in [[en:bible:notes:gen:28:18]]. * **in the land of Canaan. He blessed me and said to me** - This can be translated with the new sentence starting in a different place: "in the land of Canaan, and he blessed me. And he said to me" * **Behold** - “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” -* **make you fruitful, and multiply you** - The words "fruitful" and "multiply" say the same thing for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I will give you very many descendants." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **I will make you fruitful, and multiply you** - The phrase "multiply you" explains how God would make Jacob "fruitful." AT: "I will give you very many descendants." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **multiply you. I will make of you an assembly** - "multiply you, and I will make many nations come from you" * **an everlasting possession ** - "a permanent possession" diff --git a/gen/49/03.md b/gen/49/03.md index 4c89d7440..a81ab8371 100644 --- a/gen/49/03.md +++ b/gen/49/03.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **the beginning of my strength** - Hebrew parents would dedicate their first child to God. The words "beginning" and "first-fruit" means that Reuben belonged to God in a special way. Alternate translation: "the first-fruit of my manhood." * **outstanding in dignity, and outstanding in power** - "You are first in honor and power." * **Uncontrollable as rushing water** - Jacob compares Reuben to water in a strong current to emphasize that he cannot control his anger and he is not stable. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **you shall not have the pre-eminence** - "you shall not be first among your brothers" +* **you shall not have the pre-eminence** - eminence** - "you shall not be first among your brothers" * **because you went up to your father’s bed. Then you defiled it; you went up to my couch.** - This refers to when Reuben slept with Bilhah in [[en:bible:notes:gen:35:21]]. This can be made explicit: "because you went to my bed and had sex with Bilhah my concubine. You brought shame on me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/gen/49/05.md b/gen/49/05.md index 26b825728..9d5aa4d00 100644 --- a/gen/49/05.md +++ b/gen/49/05.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Weapons of violence are their swords** - "They use their swords to hurt and to kill people" -* **do not come into their council; do not join in their meetings** - Both of these phrases say the same thing for emphasis. Jacob uses the words "soul" and "heart" to refer to himself. AT: "I certainly will not join with them to make any plans" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **My self...my heart** - Jacob uses the words "self" and "heart" to refer to the most noble parts of himself. -* **they hamstrung oxen** - Jacob compares the men of Shechem to oxen. This emphasizes the strength of the men and that Simenon and Levi killed them as if the men were just animals. AT: "they slaughtered men like they slaughter oxen" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **O my soul...my heart** - Jacob uses the words "soul" and "heart" to refer to himself and is saying that other people—and perhaps God also—honor him so much that he does not wish to join with those who make plans to do evil. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **do not come into their council; do not join in their meetings** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Jacob combines them to emphasize that he does not want to participate in their wicked plans. AT: "I certainly will not join with them to make any plans" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **they hamstrung oxen** - Jacob compares the men of Shechem to oxen. This emphasizes the strength of the men and that Simenon and Levi killed them as if the men were just animals. AT: "they slaughtered men like they slaughter oxen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/gen/49/13.md b/gen/49/13.md index 379fef3e7..edf99a47f 100644 --- a/gen/49/13.md +++ b/gen/49/13.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Zebulun will live** - This refers to the descendants of Zebulun. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **He will be a harbor** - He will be a harbor The sea towns that Zebulun will inhabit or build will provide shelter for ships. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **He will be a harbor** - The sea towns that Zebulun will inhabit or build will provide shelter for ships. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **harbor** - A part of the sea that is next to land and is a safe place for ships. diff --git a/gen/49/25.md b/gen/49/25.md index 7ef3f05b6..d76689fa0 100644 --- a/gen/49/25.md +++ b/gen/49/25.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants. (See: [[en:bible:notes:gen:49:22]]) +* 23]]) diff --git a/gen/49/26.md b/gen/49/26.md index 7df1bced9..dfe36d463 100644 --- a/gen/49/26.md +++ b/gen/49/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * Jacob continues to bless Joseph and his descendants. * **They will be on the head of Joseph, blessings that crown the head of him** - "They" refers to the blessings of his father. Jacob compares the blessing he gives Joseph to a crown that a prince wears. This emphasizes that these blessings are a sign of Joseph's honor and that he has authority over his brothers. Alternate translation: "These blessings will be like a crown on Joseph's head." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **prince over his brothers ** - prince over his brothers - "set apart from his brothers" +* **prince over his brothers ** - "set apart from his brothers" diff --git a/gen/50/10.md b/gen/50/10.md index 92e9cad90..4565784e0 100644 --- a/gen/50/10.md +++ b/gen/50/10.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **a seven day** - "a 7 day" * **in the floor of Atad** - "in the threshing floor of Atad" * **This is a very sad occasion for the Egyptians** - "The mourning of the Egyptians is very great" -* **Abel-Mizraim** - The translator can a add a footnote that says: "The name Abel-Mizraim means "the mourning of Egypt.'" +* **Abel-Mizraim** - Mizraim** - The translator can a add a footnote that says: "The name Abel-Mizraim means "the mourning of Egypt.'" diff --git a/gen/50/18.md b/gen/50/18.md index a82f09fa3..a94fde018 100644 --- a/gen/50/18.md +++ b/gen/50/18.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **fell down before him** - This is a sign of humility and respect for Joseph. +* **lay facedown before him** - They lay down with their faces toward the ground. This is a sign of humility and respect for Joseph. * **Am I in the place of God?** - Joseph uses a question to comfort his brothers. Alternate translation: "I am not in the place of God" or "I am not God" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **you meant to harm me** - "you intended to do evil against me" * **God meant it for good** - "God intended it for good" diff --git a/hab/01/03.md b/hab/01/03.md index dcf789458..51ad38cc3 100644 --- a/hab/01/03.md +++ b/hab/01/03.md @@ -13,3 +13,4 @@ * Habakkuk continues his prayer to God. * **contention rises up** - "fighting among the people is becoming more common" * **the wicked surround the righteous** - This can mean that righteous people suffer injustice because 1) "wicked people have more power than righteous people" (see UDB) or 2) "there are more wicked people than righteous people." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **false justice goes out** - AT: "evil happens instead of justice" or "injustice increases" diff --git a/hab/01/08.md b/hab/01/08.md index ebd6f2deb..3111535ef 100644 --- a/hab/01/08.md +++ b/hab/01/08.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Their horses...their horses** - the horses of the Chaldean soldiers +* **quicker than the evening wolves** - The horses of the Chaldeans are compared to fierce wolves that run after their prey in the evening when they are very hungry because they have not eaten all day. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **their horsemen** - The Chaldeans' soldiers riding the horses. * **leopards** - large, swift cats (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **they fly like an eagle** - "the horsemen ride as quickly as eagles fly" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/hab/01/10.md b/hab/01/10.md index 5761e38f3..87e5c0382 100644 --- a/hab/01/10.md +++ b/hab/01/10.md @@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues describing the Chaldean soldiers. +* **the wind will rush on** - The invading Chaldean army is compared to the wind which rushes through one area and quickly continues on to the next place. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/hab/01/12.md b/hab/01/12.md index 8d4cbb23d..7f149737f 100644 --- a/hab/01/12.md +++ b/hab/01/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,5 @@ * **Are you not from ancient times, Yahweh my God, my Holy One?** - Alternate translation: "You are eternal, Yahweh my God, my Holy One." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **them...them** - the Chaldeans * **Rock** - the protector of Israel (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **established them for correction** - AT: "established them for the purpose of correcting Israel" * [[:en:bible:notes:hab:01:10]] ]] diff --git a/hab/01/13.md b/hab/01/13.md index b208715da..fe594cf56 100644 --- a/hab/01/13.md +++ b/hab/01/13.md @@ -12,3 +12,5 @@ * Habakkuk continues speaking to Yahweh about the Chaldeans. * **"those who betray"** - "the Chaldeans, whom no one can trust" +* **swallow up** - "destroy" (UDB) +* **like fish in the sea ... like creeping things** - These two phrases express the same idea that God has allowed the Chaldeans to treat the Israelites as if they were creatures with very little value, and not like people should be treated. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/hab/01/15.md b/hab/01/15.md index 52bf5269b..ffce3696d 100644 --- a/hab/01/15.md +++ b/hab/01/15.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Habakkuk continues speaking to Yahweh about the Chaldeans. -* **fishhooks...fish-nets** - tools used to catch fish +* **fishhooks...fish-nets** - nets** - tools used to catch fish * **net** - a tool used to catch "creeping things" ([[:en:bible:notes:hab:01:13]]) -* **fattened beasts are their portion, and the fatty meat is their food** - Alternate translation: "fatty meat is their share of the food" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **fattened beasts are their portion, and the fatty meat is their food** - Alternate translation: "the best animals and the finest meat is their share of the food" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **portion** - a small part of something bigger that is shared between many people * **empty their net** - A fisherman will empty his net in order to throw it again and catch more fish. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/hab/02/01.md b/hab/02/01.md index dddad60e7..0f66e2137 100644 --- a/hab/02/01.md +++ b/hab/02/01.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ * **I...my...me** - Habakkuk * **he** - Yahweh -* **I will stand at my guard-post and station myself on the watchtower** - These phrases say the same thing in two different ways. "I will stand at my post on the watchtower" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) Habakkuk uses these phrases to compare himself waiting to hear from God to a soldier standing guard on a watchtower. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **I will stand at my guard-post and station myself on the watchtower** - post and station myself on the watchtower** - These phrases say the same thing in two different ways. "I will stand at my post on the watchtower" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) Habakkuk uses these phrases to compare himself waiting to hear from God to a soldier standing guard on a watchtower. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **I should turn from my complaint** - The word "turn" compares someone changing their mind to turning from one thing to another. "I should stop complaining and agree with God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/hab/02/17.md b/hab/02/17.md index 8abd4b768..2c3a7211a 100644 --- a/hab/02/17.md +++ b/hab/02/17.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ * God continues to speak of how he will punish the Chaldeans * **cover** - overwhelm -* **destruction of beasts will terrify you** - destruction of beasts will terrify you "the deaths of animals will make you afraid" +* **destruction of beasts will terrify you** - "the deaths of animals will make you afraid" diff --git a/hab/03/18.md b/hab/03/18.md index ad401b34d..4a719163a 100644 --- a/hab/03/18.md +++ b/hab/03/18.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Habakkuk praises Yahweh. -* **exult...rejoice** - Both words mean "rejoice" or "be joyful" (see UDB), but if your language has a special word for rejoicing after winning a battle, use that for "exult" here. -* **makes my feet like hinds’ feet and leads me upon my high places** - Feet like a hind, or a deer, would give Habakkuk the ability to climb steep rocky cliffs. The words "high places" refer to places out of the reach of danger. He is saying God is giving him the ability to find a place of safety. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) +* **rejoice…be happy ** - Both words mean "be joyful" (see UDB), but if your language has a special word for rejoicing after winning a battle, use that for "exult" here. +* **makes my feet like hinds’ feet and leads me upon my high places** - Feet like a hind, or a deer, would give Habakkuk the ability to climb steep rocky cliffs. The words "high places" refer to places out of the reach of danger. He is saying God is giving him the ability to find a place of safety. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) diff --git a/hag/01/10.md b/hag/01/10.md index 80d08bc4c..f4f5fadf5 100644 --- a/hag/01/10.md +++ b/hag/01/10.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **withhold the dew** - AT: "withhold the rains" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]). * **drought** - Dryness that will hinder or prevent the growth of plants and dry up all the water that is needed for animals or people in that area. * **upon the new wine, upon the oil** - Wine refers to grapes and oil refers to olives. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). -* **labor of your hands!'" ** - labor of your hands!'" - "all the hard work you have done!" and UDB (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). +* **labor of your hands!'" ** - "all the hard work you have done!" and UDB (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). diff --git a/hag/01/12.md b/hag/01/12.md index 88dad797f..a9d442e2f 100644 --- a/hag/01/12.md +++ b/hag/01/12.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **and the words of Haggai the prophet** - "when they heard the words that Haggai the prophet spoke" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). -* **the face of Yahweh** - the face of Yahweh- AT: "Yahweh" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). +* **the face of Yahweh** - AT: "Yahweh" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). * **Yahweh's declaration** - “what Yahweh has declared” or “what Yahweh has solemnly said” diff --git a/hag/01/14.md b/hag/01/14.md index fdb44c482..e6448b992 100644 --- a/hag/01/14.md +++ b/hag/01/14.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **stirred up the spirit** - means to motivate or influence. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]). * **remnant** - The word "remnant" refers to the people that were still alive after they arrived from their captivity in Babylon and started to rebuild Jerusalem. -* **in the twenty-fourth day of the sixth month, in the second year of Darius the king.** - This is just 23 days after he received the vision. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). +* **in the twenty-fourth day of the sixth month, in the second year of Darius the king.** - fourth day of the sixth month, in the second year of Darius the king.** - This is just 23 days after he received the vision. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). * **second year of Darius the king,** - "second year of the reign of Darius the king," or UDB. diff --git a/hag/02/01.md b/hag/02/01.md index f4bd686f6..acf4e133f 100644 --- a/hag/02/01.md +++ b/hag/02/01.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In the seventh month on the twenty-first day of the month,** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). +* **In the seventh month on the twenty-first day of the month,** - first day of the month,** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). * **came by the hand of Haggai** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). * **Haggai, Zerubbabel, Shealtiel, and Jehozakak** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]). diff --git a/hag/02/10.md b/hag/02/10.md index 8cbf28c54..5020f4574 100644 --- a/hag/02/10.md +++ b/hag/02/10.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). +* **In the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month** - fourth day of the ninth month** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). * **in the second year of Darius** - "in the second year of the reign of Darius" (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). * **Darius** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]). diff --git a/hag/02/18.md b/hag/02/18.md index 1ede8cd8d..a99f899b3 100644 --- a/hag/02/18.md +++ b/hag/02/18.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). +* **the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month** - fourth day of the ninth month** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). * **Is there still seed in the storehouse?** - The expected answer is 'no'. This question is used to highlight what the readers already knew. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). * **the fig tree, the pomegranate, and the olive tree** - These are fruits grown in the land. diff --git a/hag/02/20.md b/hag/02/20.md index 269ed1aa7..0c7e61558 100644 --- a/hag/02/20.md +++ b/hag/02/20.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **Haggai** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **on the twenty-fourth day of the month** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). +* **on the twenty-fourth day of the month** - fourth day of the month** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]). * **I will shake the heavens and the earth** - Yahweh will cause disruption in their world. * **the heavens and the earth** - This phrase is a figure of speech. AT: "the whole universe". -* **for I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms** - for I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms- Governments will fall apart in the chaos. +* **for I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms** - Governments will fall apart in the chaos. * **the throne of kingdoms** - AT: "government ruled by kings". * **the chariots and their riders** - "Chariots" were horse-drawn carts used in battle. * **brother's sword** - AT: "the sword on a fellow soldier". diff --git a/heb/03/05.md b/heb/03/05.md index 1e6690ae8..9ccd7e782 100644 --- a/heb/03/05.md +++ b/heb/03/05.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **God's house** - the people in God's family +* **God's house** - the people in God's family (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **pride of confidence** - "what we can boast that we have hope in" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) diff --git a/heb/03/14.md b/heb/03/14.md index 5295b61cb..a33af170a 100644 --- a/heb/03/14.md +++ b/heb/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **confidence** - complete trust * **to the end** - death (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **his voice** - “God” or “what God is saying” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **harden** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:heb:03:12]]. +* **harden your hearts** - AT: "choose not to believe" or "resist" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/heb/04/12.md b/heb/04/12.md index 1881b80ad..1f42707be 100644 --- a/heb/04/12.md +++ b/heb/04/12.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **word of God** - God's written or spoken message * **living and active** - God's word is as if it were alive; it is also powerful. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **sharper than any two-edged sword** - God's word penetrates to our innermost being. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **sharper than any two-edged sword** - edged sword** - God's word penetrates to our innermost being. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **discern the heart's thoughts and intentions** - The word of God exposes even our secret thoughts. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) and (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **everything is bare and open to the eyes of the one to whom we must give account** - "God, who will judge how we have lived, can see everything" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/heb/04/14.md b/heb/04/14.md index 70f83d38e..b1dac143a 100644 --- a/heb/04/14.md +++ b/heb/04/14.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we do not have a high priest who cannot feel sympahty** - "we have a high priest who can feel sympathy" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) +* **we do not have a high priest who cannot feel sympathy** - "we have a high priest who can feel sympathy" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) * ** he is without sin** - AT: "he did not sin" * **the throne of grace** - AT: "God's throne, where there is grace" or "where God, who is gracious, is sitting on his throne" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/heb/05/09.md b/heb/05/09.md index 6d8e07a08..26821d0f7 100644 --- a/heb/05/09.md +++ b/heb/05/09.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you are dull of hearing ** - you are dull of hearing - "you are slow to understand" (see UDB) or "you do not want to listen" +* **you are dull of hearing ** - "you are slow to understand" (see UDB) or "you do not want to listen" diff --git a/heb/06/04.md b/heb/06/04.md index 7041f764d..f129c64d4 100644 --- a/heb/06/04.md +++ b/heb/06/04.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **who tasted the heavenly gift ** - who tasted the heavenly gift - This refers to believers whom God has saved. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **who tasted the heavenly gift ** - This refers to believers whom God has saved. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **who tasted God's good word** - This refers to believers who have experienced God's Word for themselves. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **they have crucified for themselves the very Son of God again** - When people turn away from God, it is like they are crucifying Jesus again. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **fell away** - AT: "turned away from God" diff --git a/heb/07/07.md b/heb/07/07.md index 14be0c76e..c35b1b23d 100644 --- a/heb/07/07.md +++ b/heb/07/07.md @@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ * [[en:tw:Abraham]] * [[en:tw:Levite]] +* [[en:tw:loins]] * [[en:tw:tenth]] ## translationNotes -* **genitals** - Use either a polite term for the male body parts or a general term for the whole body (see UDB). +* **was in the loins of his ancestor Abraham** - AT: "had not yet been born" diff --git a/heb/10/01.md b/heb/10/01.md index 5ed6c59e2..995b9d2e9 100644 --- a/heb/10/01.md +++ b/heb/10/01.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ * **draw near** - "come to worship" (UDB) or "come close" * **would not those sacrifices have ceased to be offered?** - "they would have ceased offering those sacrifices." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **ceased** - "stopped" -* **case** - case "situation" +* **case** - "situation" * **having been once cleansed** - "whom God had cleansed" * **awareness** - "knowledge of the existence" * **there is a reminder of sins committed** - "God reminds the people of the sins they have done" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/heb/11/05.md b/heb/11/05.md index 429f47455..8fb1bcbb7 100644 --- a/heb/11/05.md +++ b/heb/11/05.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **by faith Enoch was taken up and did not see death** - AT: "by faith Enoch did not die because God took him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **see death** - "die" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **it was said of him that he had pleased God** - it was said of him that he had pleased God- Possible meanings: 1) "God said that Enoch had pleased him" (see UDB) or 2) "people said that Enoch pleased God." +* **it was said of him that he had pleased God** - Possible meanings: 1) "God said that Enoch had pleased him" (see UDB) or 2) "people said that Enoch pleased God." * **before he was taken up** - "before God took him up" diff --git a/heb/11/17.md b/heb/11/17.md index f8c2f36e1..304497094 100644 --- a/heb/11/17.md +++ b/heb/11/17.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **offered up...offering up** - as a gift or sacrifice to God -* **From Isaac will your descendants be called** - From Isaac will your descendants be called "It is the the descendants of Isaac whom God will consider your descendants" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **From Isaac will your descendants be called** - "It is the the descendants of Isaac whom God will consider your descendants" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he did receive him back** - "Abraham did receive Isaac back" diff --git a/heb/13/15.md b/heb/13/15.md index 996936d4f..fef4738ee 100644 --- a/heb/13/15.md +++ b/heb/13/15.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes +* **praise that is the fruit of our lips** - This expression means that praise if a valuable product that is produced by our lips, just as fruit is a valuable product is produced by plants. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **that acknowledge his name** - AT: "which openly declare we trust in Jesus" diff --git a/hos/01/01.md b/hos/01/01.md index 412575eeb..0407769b7 100644 --- a/hos/01/01.md +++ b/hos/01/01.md @@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Beeri** - See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] -* **Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, Jeroboam** - Naming these kings of Judah allow the reader to know the years that this book covers. +* **Beeri** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, Jeroboam** - Naming these kings of Judah allows the reader to know the years that this book covers. diff --git a/hos/01/03.md b/hos/01/03.md index eaf9601d2..d247adce9 100644 --- a/hos/01/03.md +++ b/hos/01/03.md @@ -27,5 +27,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Gomer** - See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] -* **the bow of Israel** - Here "bow" refers to a symbol of power, the strength of the army. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Gomer** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **the bow of Israel** - Here "bow" refers to the power of the army. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/hos/01/06.md b/hos/01/06.md index bd064e7ef..bea14c3d8 100644 --- a/hos/01/06.md +++ b/hos/01/06.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Lo Ruhamah** - The name means "Unloved" or "Unpitied" or as in the UDB "No Mercy." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Lo Ruhamah** - This name means "Unloved," "Unpitied," or "No Mercy" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/hos/01/08.md b/hos/01/08.md index e9c6de5f3..1abc07c15 100644 --- a/hos/01/08.md +++ b/hos/01/08.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Lo Ruhamah** - translate as in [[:en:bible:notes:hos:01:06]] -* **Lo Ammi** - The name means "Not My People." +* **Lo Ruhamah** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:hos:01:06]]. +* **Lo Ammi** - This name means "Not My People." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/hos/01/10.md b/hos/01/10.md index ef301f8b8..8c1ed72b2 100644 --- a/hos/01/10.md +++ b/hos/01/10.md @@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ * God is speaking to Hosea. * **like the sand of the seashore** - This emphasizes the great number of Israelites. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **which cannot be measured or counted** - AT: "which no one can measure or count" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **It will be that where it was said to them, ** - AT: "Where God said to them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **It will be that where it was said to them** - AT: "Where God said to them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **it will be said to them** - AT: "God will say to them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **will be gathered together** - AT: "God will gather them together" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **go up from the land** - This refers to the land where the people of Israel were in captivity. -* **Jezreel** - "The day of Jezreel" refers to the time when God will put his people back in the land of Israel. +* **the day of Jezreel** - This refers to the time when God will put his people back in the land of Israel. diff --git a/hos/06/01.md b/hos/06/01.md index 84a16f840..f2b472ca8 100644 --- a/hos/06/01.md +++ b/hos/06/01.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * The people of Israel confess their need to repent. * **For he has torn us to pieces ** - God has disciplined the people of Israel for their disobedience and idolatry. This is a parallelism to emphasize God's judgment, (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **but he will heal us ** - but he will heal us and he will bandage our wounds - Israel believes that God will be merciful to them when they repent, and he will deliver them out of their troubles. (See:[[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **After two days he will revive us; he will raise us up on the third day ** - After two days he will revive us; he will raise us up on the third day - This represents a short period of time. Israel believed God would quickly come to their aid and deliver them from their enemies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Let us know Yahweh ** - Let us know Yahweh - This is an encouragement to be enthusiatic about knowing Yahweh. Knowing him will help the Israelites avoid sin and punishment for it. +* **but he will heal us ** - Israel believes that God will be merciful to them when they repent, and he will deliver them out of their troubles. (See:[[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **After two days he will revive us; he will raise us up on the third day ** - This represents a short period of time. Israel believed God would quickly come to their aid and deliver them from their enemies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Let us know Yahweh ** - This is an encouragement to be enthusiatic about knowing Yahweh. Knowing him will help the Israelites avoid sin and punishment for it. * **His going out is as sure as the dawn** - Yahweh will come to the help of his people just as surely as the sun rises each morning. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/hos/07/03.md b/hos/07/03.md index 753e435ec..9eee74a64 100644 --- a/hos/07/03.md +++ b/hos/07/03.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * Yahweh is speaking. * **They are all adulterers,** - "adulterers" refers to people who are unfaithful to Yahweh and who worship idols (which included acts of sexual immorality). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **like an oven heated by the baker ** - like an oven heated by the baker - This refers to the evil desires burning within the unfaithful people of Yahweh. (see: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **like an oven heated by the baker ** - This refers to the evil desires burning within the unfaithful people of Yahweh. (see: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **kneading of the dough** - This is a part of the process to prepare bread. * **He reaches out with his hand to those who mock.** - This means that the king also participates along with the people in the drunken festivities. diff --git a/hos/07/06.md b/hos/07/06.md index 433982de8..03853c8c5 100644 --- a/hos/07/06.md +++ b/hos/07/06.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ * Yahweh is speaking. * **For with hearts like an oven** - Both hearts and ovens store things. AT: "Just as people store up thoughts and judgments" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **smolders ** - smolders - Much like a fire our thoughts show signs of continuing anger or hate +* **smolders ** - Much like a fire our thoughts show signs of continuing anger or hate * **it burns high like a flaming fire** - It gets very intense. (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **They all are hot as an oven** - When an oven burns for long it gets hot. (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/hos/07/14.md b/hos/07/14.md index 3998eb059..285deaa7f 100644 --- a/hos/07/14.md +++ b/hos/07/14.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh is speaking. -* **They cut themselves to obtain grain and new wine ** - They cut themselves to obtain grain and new wine - This refers to idol worship. (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **They cut themselves to obtain grain and new wine ** - This refers to idol worship. (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **and they turn away from me** - AT:"They no longer worship me". diff --git a/hos/08/01.md b/hos/08/01.md index b6d695d93..03c6a73d5 100644 --- a/hos/08/01.md +++ b/hos/08/01.md @@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ * Yahweh is speaking. * **Place a trumpet at your lips** - (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **An eagle is coming over the house of me, Yahweh.** - AT: "In the same way that an eagle fly over and captures its prey, your enemies will capture you." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **An eagle is coming over the house of me, Yahweh.** - AT: "In the same way that an eagle flies over and captures its prey, your enemies will capture you." (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/hos/08/04.md b/hos/08/04.md index 40b9d939f..ef00c04a9 100644 --- a/hos/08/04.md +++ b/hos/08/04.md @@ -1,11 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:cow]] -* [[en:tw:cow|cow, calf, bull]] * [[en:tw:cutoff]] * [[en:tw:cutoff|cut off]] -* [[en:tw:gold]] -* [[en:tw:gold|gold]] * [[en:tw:idol]] * [[en:tw:idol|idol, idolatrous]] * [[en:tw:king]] @@ -18,12 +14,13 @@ * [[en:tw:reject|reject, push away]] * [[en:tw:samaria]] * [[en:tw:samaria|Samaria, Samaritan]] -* [[en:tw:silver]] -* [[en:tw:silver|silver]] ## translationNotes * Yahweh is speaking. -* **but it was only so they might be cut off** - As a result of making idols, God was banishing them. (UDB) -* **He has rejected your calf, Samaria. My anger burns against them.** - "God has rejected your idol and is angry at them about it." -* **For how long will they stay impure?** - Yahweh asks this question to express his concern for his people. He wonders how long it will take Israel to turn away from their idolatry. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **but it was only so they might be cut off** - This was the result, not the purpose. AT: "but as a result of making idols, the people will be cut off" +* **they might be cut off** - Possible meanings are 1) "they will perish" or 2) "they will be sent away." This can be expressed with an active verb: I will cut them off" or "I will send them away" +* **He has rejected your calf** - It appears that the Hosea is saying this. This can be made clear as it is in the UDB. Or it can be translated as if God is still speaking. AT: "I have rejected your calf" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **your calf** - It can be made clear that this was an idol. AT "your idol that you made to look like a calf" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **My anger burns against them** - AT: "I am very angry with them" +* **For how long will they stay impure?** - Yahweh uses this question to express his anger about his people being impure. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/isa/01/04.md b/isa/01/04.md index a4c13ca5a..67358e23d 100644 --- a/isa/01/04.md +++ b/isa/01/04.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* The words in 1:4-10 were probably spoken by Isaiah. -* **Ah** - This word shows the sadness that God and Isaiah felt for the people. +* 10 were probably spoken by Isaiah. +* **woe** - Isaiah is expressing deep concern about Israel's rebellion. * **a people weighed down with iniquity** - This compares their many sins to something very heavy that a person might carry. Alternate translation: "their sin is like a heavy bag on their shoulders that makes it hard for them to walk." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **They have abandoned Yahweh** - "They have turned away from Yahweh" * **they have despised the Holy One of Israel** - "they have rejected the Holy One of Israel" or "they have been disrespectful to the Holy One of Israel" diff --git a/isa/01/05.md b/isa/01/05.md index 0de922373..2ac90f8fa 100644 --- a/isa/01/05.md +++ b/isa/01/05.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Why are you still being struck? Why do you rebel more and more?** - Isaiah uses these questions to scold the people of Judah. These could be translated as statements with active verbs: "You keep doing things that Yahweh has to punish you for. You continue to rebel against him" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:translate:active]]) -* **you** - Here the word "you" refers to the people who live in Judah. (See: [[en:ta:translate:formsofyou]]) +* **Why are you still being struck? Why do you rebel more and more?** - Isaiah uses these questions to scold the people of Judah. These could be translated as statements with active verbs: "You keep doing things that Yahweh has to punish you for. You continue to rebel against him" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]]) +* **you** - Here the word "you" refers to the people who live in Judah. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **The whole head is sick, the whole heart is weak** - This compares the nation of Israel to a person who has been beaten. Alternate translations: "You are like someone whose head is wounded and whose heart is weak" or "You are like someone whose whole mind and heart are sick." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **they have not been closed, cleansed, bandaged, nor treated with oil** - This can be translated with an active verb: "no one has closed, cleansed, bandaged, or treated them with oil." diff --git a/isa/01/07.md b/isa/01/07.md index 58e991fe0..9ff2b8e7c 100644 --- a/isa/01/07.md +++ b/isa/01/07.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **your fields–in your presence, strangers are destroying them** - "People who are not from your own country steal the crops in your fields while you watch" +* **your fields–in your presence, strangers are destroying them** - in your presence, strangers are destroying them** - "People who are not from your own country steal the crops in your fields while you watch" * **abandoned devastation** - "empty and devastated." This could be translated as "the land is destroyed and no one lives there." * **overthrown by strangers** - This can be translated with an active verb: "strangers have overthrown your country" or "a foreign army has completely conquered it." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the daughter of Zion** - The ”daughter” of a city means the people of the city. Alternate translations: "the people of Zion” or ”the people who live in Zion." diff --git a/isa/01/09.md b/isa/01/09.md index db7dbd0b1..ec409655d 100644 --- a/isa/01/09.md +++ b/isa/01/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **a small remnant** - This can be translated as "a few survivors." * **If Yahweh** - Verse 9 describes something that could have happened in the past but did not. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) -* **Yahweh of Hosts ** - Yahweh of Hosts - "Yahweh, the Leader of the angel armies," +* **Yahweh of Hosts ** - "Yahweh, the Leader of the angel armies," * **us…we** - Here these words refer to Isaiah and includes all the people of Judah and Jerusalem. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **we would have been like Sodom, we would have been like Gomorrah** - How Judah would have been like Sodom and Gomorrah can be made explicit: "we would have all been destroyed, like the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed." (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/isa/01/21.md b/isa/01/21.md index c3b2706ee..4e3e4e3d1 100644 --- a/isa/01/21.md +++ b/isa/01/21.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah quoted God in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:10]]. Isaiah is the speaker in 1:21-23. +* 20]]. Isaiah is the speaker in 1:21-23. * **How the faithful city has become a prostitute** - This exclamation shows Isaiah's anger and sadness about the people of Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "See how the people of Jerusalem who had been loyal to God have become a prostitute." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **has become a prostitute** - Isaiah compared the people to a woman who is not loyal to her husband but who sleeps with other men for money. The people were no longer loyal to God but were worshiping false gods. Alternate translation: "acted like a prostitute." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **she who was full of justice** - The word "she" refers to Jerusalem and its people. In the Bible, cities are often referred to as women. Alternate translation: "the people of Jerusalem were fair and did what was right." diff --git a/isa/01/27.md b/isa/01/27.md index 2c1f491bb..8096298e8 100644 --- a/isa/01/27.md +++ b/isa/01/27.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah quoted God in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:27]]. Isaiah 1:27-28 is probably Isaiah writing to the people of Judah. +* 26]]. Isaiah 1:27-28 is probably Isaiah writing to the people of Judah. * **Zion will be redeemed by justice, and her repentant ones by righteousness** - This can be translated with active verbs. There are two possible meanings: 1) "God will redeem Zion because they do what is just, and he will redeem those who repent because they do what is right before him" or 2) God will redeem Zion because he is just, and he will redeem those who repent because he is righteous." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Zion** - This refers to the people who live in Jerusalem. It can be translated as “those living in Zion.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Rebels and sinners will be crushed together** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will destroy those who rebel and sin against him." diff --git a/isa/01/29.md b/isa/01/29.md index 45827c8b5..9a5b1fd4b 100644 --- a/isa/01/29.md +++ b/isa/01/29.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah 1:29-31 is spoken to the people of Judah and Jerusalem. It is probably God speaking. +* 31 is spoken to the people of Judah and Jerusalem. It is probably God speaking. * **the sacred oak trees...gardens** - These phrases refer to places where the people of Judah worshiped idols. * **embarrassed by** - "disgraced because of" * **For you will be like an oak whose leaf fades, and like a garden that has no water** - The people who were worshiping false gods were being compared to a tree or garden that is dying because it is cut off from what gives it life. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/isa/02/04.md b/isa/02/04.md index bec8b5ad0..b6579e28e 100644 --- a/isa/02/04.md +++ b/isa/02/04.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **He will judge** - "Yahweh will judge" * **will render decisions** - "will solve disputes" -* **they will hammer their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning-hooks** - The people of the nations will turn their weapons of war into tools for farming. +* **they will hammer their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning-hooks** - hooks** - The people of the nations will turn their weapons of war into tools for farming. * **they will hammer their swords into plowshares** - A plowshare is a blade that people use to dig into soil so they can plant seeds there. Alternate translation: “they will make their swords into plow blades" -* **and their spears into pruning-hooks** - "they will hammer their spears into pruning hooks." A pruning-hook is a knife that people use to cut off branches from a plant. Alternate translation: “they will make their spears into pruning knives." +* **and their spears into pruning-hooks** - hooks** - "they will hammer their spears into pruning hooks." A pruning-hook is a knife that people use to cut off branches from a plant. Alternate translation: “they will make their spears into pruning knives." * **lift up sword** - Alternate translation: "fight." diff --git a/isa/02/09.md b/isa/02/09.md index e50d4baee..de1e7f5ff 100644 --- a/isa/02/09.md +++ b/isa/02/09.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* In 2:9 Isaiah was speaking to God. In 2:10-11 Isaiah was speaking to the people. +* 11 Isaiah was speaking to the people. * **The people will be bowed down, and individuals will fall down** - The phrases "the people" and "individuals" used together means "all people." Alternate translation: "Every person will be made to bow down and be humbled." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **therefore do not forgive them** - Here Isaiah is talking to Yahweh. * **Go into the rocky places** - Here Isaiah is again talking to the people of Judah. diff --git a/isa/02/20.md b/isa/02/20.md index 01303111e..6fff61e99 100644 --- a/isa/02/20.md +++ b/isa/02/20.md @@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ * **to the moles and bats** - Moles are small animals that dig and live underground. Bats are small flying animals that sometimes live in caves. Alternate translation: "to the animals." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **from the terror of Yahweh and from the glory of his majesty** - See how this was translated in [[en:bible:notes:isa:02:09]]. * **when he rises to terrify the earth** - See how this was translated in [[en:bible:notes:isa:02:17]]. -* **whose life-breath is in his nostrils** - This means that humans are weak. We rely on breathing, and if we do not breathe, we will die. Alternate translation: "who are mortal and will die." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **whose life-breath is in his nostrils** - breath is in his nostrils** - This means that humans are weak. We rely on breathing, and if we do not breathe, we will die. Alternate translation: "who are mortal and will die." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **for what does he amount to** - Isaiah uses a question to remind the people of something they should already know. Alternate translation: "Man amounts to nothing!" or "Man is not worth anything" or "How can people help you?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/isa/03/24.md b/isa/03/24.md index f4a5be2fa..62fbd6bb7 100644 --- a/isa/03/24.md +++ b/isa/03/24.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * This continues to describe how Yahweh will judge the women of Judah. * **perfume…sash** - See how these were translated in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:03:18]] * **a rope** - This may refer to enemies capturing the people of Judah. -* **well-coiffed hair, baldness** - "pretty hair, their heads will be bald" +* **well-coiffed hair, baldness** - coiffed hair, baldness** - "pretty hair, their heads will be bald" * **Your men will fall by the sword, and your strong men in war** - "Enemies will kill your husbands and soldiers in battle." * **Jerusalem's gates will lament and mourn** - Alternate translation: "The people of Jerusalem will sit at the city gates and cry and mourn." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **she will be alone and sit upon the ground** - Possible meanings are 1) "The city will be like a woman who sits on the ground because all her friends have deserted her" (See: UDB and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) or 2) "the people of Jerusalem will sit on the ground with no one to help them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/05/13.md b/isa/05/13.md index a3a1594d9..ab4759b47 100644 --- a/isa/05/13.md +++ b/isa/05/13.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **my people have gone into captivity** - In prophecy things that will happen in the future are described as something in the past. This emphasizes that the prophecy will certainly come true. Alternate translation: "enemies from other countries will take my people, Israel, as slaves." * **for lack of understanding** - What they do not understand can be made explicit: "because they do not understand Yahweh or his law" * **their masses** - "their common people" -* **death has made its appetite greater and has opened its mouth very wide** - This phrase compares death to an animal that is ready to eat other animals. It emphasizes that many, many people will die. Alternate translation: "Death is like a hungry animal that has opened its mouth wide to eat up many people." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **their elite, the people, their leaders, and the revelers and jubilant among them, descend into Sheol.** - "Many people of Israel, their important people and common people, their leaders and those who enjoy wild parties, will go into Sheol." +* **death has made its appetite greater and has opened its mouth very wide** - This phrase compares death to an animal that is ready to eat other animals. It emphasizes that many, many people will die. Alternate translation: "Death is like a hungry animal that has opened its mouth wide to eat up many people." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **their elite, the people, their leaders, and the revelers and those who are happy among them, descend into Sheol.** - "Many people of Israel, their important people and common people, their leaders and those who enjoy wild parties, will go into Sheol." diff --git a/isa/07/03.md b/isa/07/03.md index 828ffeb16..50cd15f05 100644 --- a/isa/07/03.md +++ b/isa/07/03.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Shear-Jashub** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Shear-Jashub means 'a remnant will return.'" The meaning may have given hope to Ahaz. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Shear-Jashub** - Jashub** - Translators may also add a footnote that says "The name Shear-Jashub means 'a remnant will return.'" The meaning may have given hope to Ahaz. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **at the end of the conduit of the upper pool** - AT: "where the water enters the upper pool." * **on the road to the Launderer's field** - AT: "near the place where the women wash and dry clothes." * **Tell him** - "Tell Ahaz" diff --git a/isa/07/07.md b/isa/07/07.md index 6426e0c63..5b24782ed 100644 --- a/isa/07/07.md +++ b/isa/07/07.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * Yahweh continues to tell Isaiah what he should tell Ahaz. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:07:03]]) * **and the head of Damascus is Rezin** - AT: "and the king of Damascus is only Rezin." * **Ephraim will be shattered and will no longer be a people** - Here "Ephraim" refers to all of the northern kingdom of Israell. This can be translated with an active verb: "an army will destroy Ephraim, and there will no longer be a people of Israel" -* **sixty-five years** - "65 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **sixty-five years** - five years** - "65 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **the head of Samaria is Remaliah’s son** - This means Pekah is the king of Samaria and all of Israel. AT: "the king of Samaria is only Pekah. * **If you do not remain firm in faith, surely you will not remain secure** - AT: "If you continue to believe in me, you will certainly remain safe." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/isa/07/13.md b/isa/07/13.md index 85f326c52..d35f6f9cc 100644 --- a/isa/07/13.md +++ b/isa/07/13.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **house of David** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:07:01]]. -* **Is it not enough for you to test the patience of people? Must you also test the patience of my God?** - Is it not enough for you to test the patience of people? Must you also test the patience of my God? AT: "You test the patience of of people. Now you even test the patience of my God!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Is it not enough for you to test the patience of people? Must you also test the patience of my God?** - AT: "You test the patience of of people. Now you even test the patience of my God!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **young woman will conceive** - Possible meanings are 1) a young woman old enough to marry will become pregnant the natural way or 2) a virgin will become pregnant through a miracle or 3) Isaiah is referring to both options. Sometimes a prophecy is fulfilled once in a certain way then fulfilled again later in another way. * **his name Immanuel** - Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Immanuel means 'God with us.'" * **He will eat curds and honey when he knows to refuse the evil and choose the good.** - Possible meanings are 1) "By the time that child is old enough to eat curds and honey, he will be able to reject what is evil and choose what is good." This emphasizes that the child will be very young when he knows to choose what is right instead of wrong. 2) "By the time the child is old enough to reject what is evil and choose what is good, he will be eating curds and honey." The people of Judah considered a child to be responsible for doing what is right when he was 12 years old. This emphasizes that within twelve years there will be an abundance of curds and honey to eat because the most of the people of Israel will be killed or taken as captives. diff --git a/isa/07/20.md b/isa/07/20.md index 4df5b95fa..7fe3d09f8 100644 --- a/isa/07/20.md +++ b/isa/07/20.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Isaiah continues to describe the time when the army of Assyria will attack Israel. -* the Lord will shave with a razor that was hired beyond the Euphrates River— +* **the Lord will shave with a razor that was hired beyond the Euphrates River— * AT: "the Lord will use the king of Assyria from beyond the Euphrates River like a razor to shave you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **he will shave** - "Yahweh will shave" diff --git a/isa/08/14.md b/isa/08/14.md index 038869f8a..8db53a74b 100644 --- a/isa/08/14.md +++ b/isa/08/14.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to give an indirect quote of Yahweh. It can be translated as a direct quote and with Yahweh speaking in the first person. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:08:11]]) +* 13]]) * **He will** - AT: "I will" (UDB) * **be a sanctuary** - AT: "I will be like a sanctuary and I will protect you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **but he will be a stone that makes one trip and a rock that makes one stumble** - AT: "but for those who do not consider me holy I will be like a stone that they will trip over." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/08/16.md b/isa/08/16.md index c9f2a6d26..cc9d09745 100644 --- a/isa/08/16.md +++ b/isa/08/16.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Bind up my testimony, seal the the official record** - AT: "Close up tightly the scroll with this message written on it." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **my testimony...my disciples** - It is unclear to whom the word "my" refers. It could be Isaiah or Yahweh. It is best to leave the pronouns ambiguous if your language will allow it. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **my testimony...my disciples** - It is unclear to whom the word "my" refers. It could be Isaiah or Yahweh. It is best to leave the pronouns ambiguous if your language will allow it. * **I will wait for Yahweh** - Here "I" refers to Isaiah. * **who hides his face from the house of Jacob** - AT: "who has taken away his blessing from the people of Israel." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **I and the sons whom Yahweh has given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel** - "I and the sons Yahweh has given me are like signs to warn the people of Israel." The sons are Shear-Jashub and Maher-shalal-hash-baz whose names are a message to the people of Israel. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:07:03]] and [[en:bible:notes:isa:08:01]]) diff --git a/isa/09/03.md b/isa/09/03.md index b67196fa6..016023d4e 100644 --- a/isa/09/03.md +++ b/isa/09/03.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to describe the time when God will save the people of Israel. Although these events would happen in the future, Isaiah describes them as if they already happened. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:09:01]]) +* 2]]) * **You have multiplied the nation, you have increased their joy** - The word "you" refers to Yahweh. The word "their" refers to the people of Israel, but Isaiah includes himself as part of Israel. AT: "Lord, you will greatly increase our people and our joy." * **they rejoice before you like the joy at harvest time, as men rejoice when they divide the plunder** - AT: "We will rejoice before you like when people gather their crops or like when a battle is over and soldiers divide what they took." diff --git a/isa/09/04.md b/isa/09/04.md index 29e140014..42783198e 100644 --- a/isa/09/04.md +++ b/isa/09/04.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to describe the time when God will save the people of Israel. Although these events would happen in the future, Isaiah describes them as if they already happened. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:09:01]]) +* 2]]) * **For the yoke of his burden, the beam across his shoulder, the rod of his oppressor, you have shattered** - The word "his" refers to the people of Israel. Isaiah includes himself as a part of Israel. Isaiah compares the slaves from Israel to oxen wearing yokes. AT: "You will free the slaves from Israel like a person removing a yoke from an oxen, and you will shatter the rod of the one who oppresses us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **as on the day of Midian** - AT: "as when you defeated the Midianites." * **every boot treading in the tumult and the garments rolled in blood will be burned** - AT: "You will burn the boots of the soldiers and their clothes which are covered with blood." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/09/06.md b/isa/09/06.md index 08531e341..580118736 100644 --- a/isa/09/06.md +++ b/isa/09/06.md @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to describe the time when God will save the people of Israel. Although these events would happen in the future, Isaiah describes them as if they already happened. This emphasizes that they certainly will happen. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:09:01]]) +* 2]]) * **For to us a child has been born, to us a son has been given** - AT: "For the Lord will give to us a child." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:bible:team-info:training:topics:grammar:inclusive]] and [[en:bible:team-info:training:topics:grammar:active]]). * **the rule will be on his shoulder** - "The son will rule the people" * **to establish it and sustain it with justice and with righteousness** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "He will establish and protect his kingdom and he will do what is fair and just" diff --git a/isa/10/26.md b/isa/10/26.md index 41c5435a1..6921df3f1 100644 --- a/isa/10/26.md +++ b/isa/10/26.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * **Yahweh of Hosts** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:09]]. * **will wield a whip against them** - "will beat the Assyrians with a whip." God will not really use a whip. This refers to God's power to punish the Assyrians severely. Alternate translation: "will punish the Assyrians severely as if with a whip" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **like when he struck down Midian at the rock of Oreb** - This refers to when God helped a man named Gideon defeat the army of Midian. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **He will raise his rod over the sea and lift it up as he did in Egypt** - This refers to when God caused the water of the Red Sea to split so the people of Israel could escape from the Egyptian army and so that the Egyptian army would drown in it. Alternate translation: "He will help you escape from the army of Assyria as he helped your ancestors escape the army of Egypt." +* **He will raise his rod over the sea and lift it up as he did in Egypt** - This refers to when God caused the water of the Red Sea to split so the people of Israel could escape from the Egyptian army and so that the Egyptian army would drown in it. Alternate translation: "He will help you escape from the army of Assyria as he helped your ancestors escape the army of Egypt." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **his burden is lifted from your shoulder and his yoke from off your neck** - "Yahweh will lift the burden that Assyria has put on your shoulder, and he will remove the yoke that they have put on your neck." These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The words "burden" and "yoke" refer to slavery. Alternate translation: "Yahweh will remove the Assyrians who oppress you and will stop them from making you their slaves." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the yoke will be destroyed because your neck will be too fat for it** - "you will not longer be enslaved and life will be good for you." diff --git a/isa/12/01.md b/isa/12/01.md index 534c18099..6218eeede 100644 --- a/isa/12/01.md +++ b/isa/12/01.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Here Isaiah continues to describe what it will be like when the Branch of Jesse comes. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:11:01]]) +* 2]]) * **On that day** - "On the day when God saves his people and brings them home" -* **you will say** - The word "you" refers to the people of Israel, but Isaiah includes himself as part of Israel. AT: "we will say" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **you will say** - The word "you" refers to the people of Israel, but Isaiah includes himself as part of Israel. AT: "we will say." * **I will give thanks to you, Yahweh. For though you were angry with me, your wrath has turned away, and you have comforted me** - AT: "We praise and thank you, Yahweh. Now your anger is gone and you comfort us." diff --git a/isa/12/03.md b/isa/12/03.md index 9fb40dff6..3c008e741 100644 --- a/isa/12/03.md +++ b/isa/12/03.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Here Isaiah continues to describe what it will be like when the Branch of Jesse comes. (See: [[:en:bible:notes:isa:11:01]]) +* 2]]) * **With joy you will draw water from the wells of salvation** - The word "you" refers to the people of Israel, but Isaiah includes himself as part of Israel. AT: "We will be refreshed as with water because God has rescued us.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **call upon his name** - Here "name" refers to Yahweh. AT: "speak loudly to Yahweh and praise him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **declare his deeds among the peoples, proclaim that his name is exalted** - "tell everyone in the world what Yahweh has done and that he is great" diff --git a/isa/13/01.md b/isa/13/01.md index f88c9e531..e93d59d66 100644 --- a/isa/13/01.md +++ b/isa/13/01.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ * [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:consecrate]] * [[en:tw:declare]] -* [[en:tw:exalt]] +* [[en:tw:exult]] * [[en:tw:gate]] * [[en:tw:isaiah]] * [[en:tw:mighty]] diff --git a/isa/13/15.md b/isa/13/15.md index 783e9ab9a..432b13775 100644 --- a/isa/13/15.md +++ b/isa/13/15.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:seize]] +* [[en:tw:sex]] * [[en:tw:sword]] ## translationNotes @@ -7,4 +9,4 @@ * This may be Yahweh or Isaiah speaking. * **Every one who is found will be killed, and every one who is captured will die by the sword** - AT: "The enemy will kill everyone they find" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Their infants also will be dashed in pieces before their eyes** - AT: "The enemy will throw babies to the ground and kill them while their parents helplessly watch." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Their houses will be plundered and their wives raped** - AT: "The enemy will rob the people's houses and violently force the women to have sex with them" +* **Their houses will be plundered** - AT: "The enemy will rob the people's houses" diff --git a/isa/14/12.md b/isa/14/12.md index de77aa667..304615262 100644 --- a/isa/14/12.md +++ b/isa/14/12.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **How you are fallen from heaven, O day-star, son of the morning** - refers to the star that rises and indicates morning is coming soon. Isaiah compares the king of Babylon to this star, emphasizing that the king once was great but God has destroyed him. AT: "You were like the morning star, but you have fallen from the sky." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **How you are fallen from heaven, O day-star, son of the morning** - star, son of the morning** - refers to the star that rises and indicates morning is coming soon. Isaiah compares the king of Babylon to this star, emphasizing that the king once was great but God has destroyed him. AT: "You were like the morning star, but you have fallen from the sky." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/14/18.md b/isa/14/18.md index c4339266f..8590ddbff 100644 --- a/isa/14/18.md +++ b/isa/14/18.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **all of them, sleep in glory** - Here "sleep" refers to death. Alternate translation: "all the kings who have died are buried in a honorable way." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **You...are the son of evil-doers** - AT: "You...are evil" +* **You...are the son of evil-doers** - doers** - AT: "You...are evil" * **will never be mentioned again** - AT: "no one will ever mention you again" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/14/24.md b/isa/14/24.md index 856f764c2..48a854a95 100644 --- a/isa/14/24.md +++ b/isa/14/24.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Yahweh of Hosts** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:09]]. -* **as I have intended, so it will come to pass; and as I have purposed, so it will be** - AT: "the things that I have planned will surely happen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **Yahweh of Hosts** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:01:09]]. +* **as I have intended, so it will come about; and as I have purposed, so it will be** - AT: "the things that I have planned will surely happen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **the Assyrian** - AT: "the king of Assyria and his army" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Then his yoke will be lifted from off them and his burden from off their shoulder** - AT: "Then I will free the people of Israel from the king of Assyria like taking the yoke off of an ox." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Then his yoke will be lifted from off them and his burden from off their shoulder** - AT: "Then I will free the people of Israel from the king of Assyria like taking the yoke off of an ox." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/15/03.md b/isa/15/03.md index ec1af60d2..eb2d44388 100644 --- a/isa/15/03.md +++ b/isa/15/03.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **Heshbon and Elealea** - This refers to "The people of Heshbon and Elealea." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Heshbon, Elealeh, Jahaz** - These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **their souls tremble in them** - AT: “they will be completely filled with fear.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Heshbon, Elealeh, Jahaz** - These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **their hearts tremble in them** - AT: “they will be completely filled with fear.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/isa/15/05.md b/isa/15/05.md index 769c19324..199bb9914 100644 --- a/isa/15/05.md +++ b/isa/15/05.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **her fugitives flee** - "the fugitives from Moab will flee". A fugitive is a person who runs away so that his enemy will not capture him. * **Zoar...Eglath Shelishiyah...Luhith...Horonaim...Nimrim** - These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **over their destruction** - "because their city is destroyed" diff --git a/isa/15/08.md b/isa/15/08.md index dfd520411..5fbac003a 100644 --- a/isa/15/08.md +++ b/isa/15/08.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **Eglaim...Beer Elim...Dimon** - These are names of cities and towns. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **but I will bring even more upon Dimon** - Here "I" refers to Yahweh. Also, "upon Dimon" refers to the people. AT: "I will cause even more trouble on the people of Dimon." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/16/01.md b/isa/16/01.md index 8f0c47f2e..32b052d0e 100644 --- a/isa/16/01.md +++ b/isa/16/01.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **Send rams to the ruler of the land** - The Moabites will send rams to the king of Judah so that he might protect them from the enemy army. * **Selah** - This is the name of a city. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the daughter of Zion** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:07]]. diff --git a/isa/16/03.md b/isa/16/03.md index 40d9e21f9..da907a09a 100644 --- a/isa/16/03.md +++ b/isa/16/03.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **provide some shade like night in the middle of the day** - AT: "provide a place to rest like if night came during the hottest part of the day." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **Let them live among you, the refugees from Moab** - "Allow the refugees from Moab to live with you." Here "you" refers to the people of Judah. See how you translated "refugee" in [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:05]]. -* **be a hiding-place for them from the destroyer** - "give them a place to hide from those who are trying to destroy them" +* **be a hiding-place for them from the destroyer** - place for them from the destroyer** - "give them a place to hide from those who are trying to destroy them" diff --git a/isa/16/06.md b/isa/16/06.md index 0e4947237..ed9a71372 100644 --- a/isa/16/06.md +++ b/isa/16/06.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **We have heard of Moab's pride, his arrogance, his boasting, and his anger** - "We" refers to Isaiah and includes the people of Judah. And the words "Moab's" and "his" refer to the people of Moab. AT: "We have heard that the people of Moab are proud and arrogant, and they boast and are full of rage." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **his boastings are empty words** - "but what they say about themselves means nothing" * **So Moab wails for Moab, everyone wails** - "So all the people of Moab will cry out loud over what has happened to their cities." -* **You mourn for the raisin-cakes of Kir Hareseth that was completely devastated** - "You will mourn because Kir Hareseth is ruined and you can no longer go there to buy cakes made from raisins." Here "you" refers to the people of Moab. And, "Kir Hareseth" is the name of a city. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **You mourn for the raisin-cakes of Kir Hareseth that was completely devastated** - cakes of Kir Hareseth that was completely devastated** - "You will mourn because Kir Hareseth is ruined and you can no longer go there to buy cakes made from raisins." Here "you" refers to the people of Moab. And, "Kir Hareseth" is the name of a city. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/isa/16/08.md b/isa/16/08.md index bb6ffa8f2..31749ae26 100644 --- a/isa/16/08.md +++ b/isa/16/08.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it happened in the past. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **Heshbon** - See how you translated the name of this city in [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:03]]. * **Sibmah…Jazer** - These are names of cities. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **The rulers of the nations have trampled the choice vines** - The land of Moab was known for its vineyards. Here God describes the land of Moab as one large vineyard. This emphasizes that the rulers, which refers to the armies, completely destroyed everything in Moab. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/16/09.md b/isa/16/09.md index fea03f0ba..ddf76cf87 100644 --- a/isa/16/09.md +++ b/isa/16/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues to describe the land of Moab as one large vineyard (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:16:08]]). God describes events that will happen in the future as if they are happening in the present. -* **Indeed I will weep ** - Indeed I will weep - In 16:9-10 the word "I" refers to Yahweh. +* **Indeed I will weep ** - In 16:9-10 the word "I" refers to Yahweh. * **Jazer…Sibmah** - See how you translated the names of these cities in [[en:bible:notes:isa:16:08]]. * **Heshbon…Elealeh** - See how you translated the names of these cities in [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:03]]. diff --git a/isa/16/11.md b/isa/16/11.md index d92324e36..672dca078 100644 --- a/isa/16/11.md +++ b/isa/16/11.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the prophecy about the people of Moab. God describes events that will happen in the future as if it is happening in the present. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:15:01]]) +* 2]]) * **So my heart sighs like a harp for Moab** - The phrase "my heart" refers to Yahweh. He compares the sadness he feels to the sound of a sad song played on a harp. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **Moab...himself...his** - All of these words refer to the people of Moab. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **and my inward being for Kir-hereseth** - "and I am sad for the people of Kir-hereseth." See how you translated Kir-hereseth in [[en:bible:notes:isa:16:06]]. +* **and my inward being for Kir-hereseth** - hereseth** - "and I am sad for the people of Kir-hereseth." See how you translated Kir-hereseth in [[en:bible:notes:isa:16:06]]. diff --git a/isa/17/06.md b/isa/17/06.md index 2913e95e8..8e7849c5b 100644 --- a/isa/17/06.md +++ b/isa/17/06.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues to compare the people of Israel with a field after it is harvested. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:17:04]]) +* 5]]) * **Gleanings will be left, however, as when the olive tree is shaken** - "But, there will be a few people left in Israel, like the few olives left behind after the harvest" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **two or three...four or five** - "2 or 3...4 or 5" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **declaration of Yahweh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:14:21]]. diff --git a/isa/18/06.md b/isa/18/06.md index 5e5020090..5f908a0b7 100644 --- a/isa/18/06.md +++ b/isa/18/06.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Yahweh of Hosts** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:09]]. -* people tall and smooth, from a people feared far and near, a nation mighty and conquering +* **people tall and smooth, from a people feared far and near, a nation mighty and conquering * See how you translated similar phrases in [[en:bible:notes:isa:18:01]]. * **to the place of the name of Yahweh of Hosts, to Mount Zion** - The word "name" refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: "to Mount Zion where Yahweh of Hosts dwells." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/20/03.md b/isa/20/03.md index 2dd320076..2370aa368 100644 --- a/isa/20/03.md +++ b/isa/20/03.md @@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ * **and an omen** - AT: "and a warning" * **concerning Egypt and concerning Ethiopia** - AT: "concerning the people of Egypt and concerning the people of Ethiopia." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **in this way the king of Assyria will lead away the captives of Egypt** - in this way the king of Assyria will lead away the captives of Egypt- AT: "this is how the armies of the king of Assyria will invade, capture and take prisoners from these countries" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **in this way the king of Assyria will lead away the captives of Egypt** - AT: "this is how the armies of the king of Assyria will invade, capture and take prisoners from these countries" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the king of Assyria will lead** - AT: "the king of Assyria and his army will lead" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **to the shame of Egypt ** - to the shame of Egypt - AT: "which will bring shame on the people of Egypt" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **to the shame of Egypt ** - AT: "which will bring shame on the people of Egypt" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/22/25.md b/isa/22/25.md index 7a4adc284..98ec61650 100644 --- a/isa/22/25.md +++ b/isa/22/25.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the imagery from the previous verses. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:22:23]]) +* 24]]) * **declaration of Yahweh of hosts** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:14:21]]. * **the peg driven in a firm place...will be cut off** - This compares Shebna to a peg. This emphasizes that Shebna thought his authority was secure but God will remove him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/23/01.md b/isa/23/01.md index e892245f4..f61f72ed4 100644 --- a/isa/23/01.md +++ b/isa/23/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to tell what God has judged against the nations in 13:1-23:18. +* 23:18. * **Howl, you ships of Tarshish** - See how you translated "ships of Tarshish" in [[en:bible:notes:isa:02:14]]. Isaiah speaks to the men on the ships of Tarshish as if they could hear him. AT: "Cry out in despair you men on the ships of Tarshish." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) * **from the land of Kittim it has been revealed to them** - Kittum is another name for Cyprus. It is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. AT: "The men heard about Tyre when they were in the land of Kittim" or "The men heard about Tyre when they were in Cyprus." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Be astounded, you inhabitants of the coast, you merchants of Sidon** - “Be shocked you people of the coast, you sellers from Sidon.” The "coast" is the land near or around the sea or ocean. diff --git a/isa/26/16.md b/isa/26/16.md index 89f99582e..f50307a9b 100644 --- a/isa/26/16.md +++ b/isa/26/16.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **so we** - This refers to Isaiah and includes the people of Judah. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **Like when a pregnant woman** - Like when a pregnant woman (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **Like when a pregnant woman** - (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/isa/26/18.md b/isa/26/18.md index 93e156f59..f85515f11 100644 --- a/isa/26/18.md +++ b/isa/26/18.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to compare the suffering of the people of Judah to a woman giving birth. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:26:16]]) +* 17]]) * **but it is as if we have brought forth only wind** - AT: "but it is as if we gave birth to nothing" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **We have not brought salvation to the earth** - AT: "We have not saved the earth" * **and the inhabitants of the world do not fall** - AT: "nor have we caused the world to fall" diff --git a/isa/28/03.md b/isa/28/03.md index c64061b69..ad691bcb2 100644 --- a/isa/28/03.md +++ b/isa/28/03.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues to compare the people of Ephraim and Samaria to a dying flower. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:28:01]]) +* 2]]) * **The proud garland of the drunkards of Ephraim will be trodden underfoot** - AT: "Like stepping on a flower the enemy army will crush the proud drunkards of Ephraim" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **The fading flower of his glorious beauty, that is on the head of the rich valley** - This refers to the city of Samaria. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **will be as the first ripe fig...gulps it down** - This emphasizes that when the enemies of Israel see all the beauty of Samaria they will quickly plunder it and take away all its good things. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/isa/29/03.md b/isa/29/03.md index b58f67369..1a56ee2eb 100644 --- a/isa/29/03.md +++ b/isa/29/03.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **I will encamp against you** - The word "I" refers to Yahweh. AT: "I will command the army of your enemies to surround you." * **palisade...siege works** - A "palisade" is a tower armies would build to attack cities with high walls. Also, "siege works" refers to other various weapons armies would build to attack cities. * **You will be brought down** - AT: "Your enemy will bring you down" or "Your enemy will humble you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **and will speak from the ground; your speech will be low from the dust. Your voice will be like a ghost out of the ground, and your speech will be very weak from the dust.** - This emphasizes that the people who once spoke with proud words will be weak and grieving after the enemy defeats them. AT: "and you will only be able to speak with weak whispers like a spirit speaking from where dead people dwell." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **and will speak from the ground; your speech will be low from the dust. Your voice will be like a ghost out of the ground, and your speech will be very weak from the dust** - This emphasizes that the people who once spoke with proud words will be weak and grieving after the enemy defeats them. AT: "and you will only be able to speak with weak whispers like a spirit speaking from where dead people dwell." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/isa/29/13.md b/isa/29/13.md index 73719e521..af8fb0070 100644 --- a/isa/29/13.md +++ b/isa/29/13.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **Their honoring me is a commandment taught by men** - AT: “They honor me only because that is what men tell them to do” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Therefore, see, I will proceed to do a marvelous thing among this people, wonder after wonder** - AT: "Therefore, look and see! I am going to do something among you that you cannot explain" * **The wisdom of their wise men will perish** - AT: “What the wise men say will no longer be wise” -* **the understanding of their prudent men will disappear.** - AT: "the intelligence of the smart men no one will understand." +* **the understanding of their prudent men will disappear** - AT: "the intelligence of the smart men no one will understand." diff --git a/isa/29/15.md b/isa/29/15.md index 37e7c398e..09e60fb10 100644 --- a/isa/29/15.md +++ b/isa/29/15.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This may be Isaiah speaking or it may continue Yahweh's speech in 29:13-14. +* 14. * **who deeply hide their plans** - AT: “who completely hide their plans” * **deeds are in darkness** - AT: “acts are done in secret” * **Who sees us, and who knows us?** - AT: "No one, not even Yahweh, sees us or knows what we are doing." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/isa/30/14.md b/isa/30/14.md index 39eb1fcb6..564281ca1 100644 --- a/isa/30/14.md +++ b/isa/30/14.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah describes how Yahweh will destroy the people of Judah. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:30:12]]) +* 13]]) * **He will break it** - "Yahweh will break you" * **potter** - a person who makes pots and jars out of clay * **there will not be found** - AT: "no one will be able to find" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/30/22.md b/isa/30/22.md index 23348bc54..ea34b0dd9 100644 --- a/isa/30/22.md +++ b/isa/30/22.md @@ -7,4 +7,3 @@ ## translationNotes * Isaiah continues speaking to the people of Judah. -* There are no translation notes for these verses. diff --git a/isa/30/29.md b/isa/30/29.md index e0fab2d67..6243e56ef 100644 --- a/isa/30/29.md +++ b/isa/30/29.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **when a holy feast is observed** - AT: "when you observe a holy feast" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **and gladness of heart** - "and you will be glad" * **flute** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:05:11]]. -* **to the Rock of Israel** - The refers to Yahweh and compares him to a rock because he protects his people. AT: "Israel's protective rock" or "who is like a protective rock for Israel." +* **to the Rock of Israel** - This refers to Yahweh and compares him to a rock because he protects his people. AT: "Israel's protective rock" or "who is like a protective rock for Israel." diff --git a/isa/32/04.md b/isa/32/04.md index b35109a48..2534bda42 100644 --- a/isa/32/04.md +++ b/isa/32/04.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues describing the people after God restores righteous rulers in Judah. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:32:01]]) +* 3]]) * **the fool will no longer be called honorable** - AT: "No one will give honor to the fool" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **nor the deceiver called principled** - AT: "nor will anyone show respect to the person who deceives" diff --git a/isa/35/03.md b/isa/35/03.md index 9a76ad164..26c4f2012 100644 --- a/isa/35/03.md +++ b/isa/35/03.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Isaiah is speaking to the people of Judah. -* **Strengthen the weak hands, and steady the knees that shake.** - This represents a person who is fearful and despondent. (See: Metonymy) +* **Strengthen the weak hands, and steady the knees that shake.** - This represents a person who is fearful and despondent. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **your God will come with vengeance, with the recompense of God** - The words "vengeance" and "recompense" mean the same thing are are used together for emphasis. AT: “your God he will punish your enemies for what they did" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/isa/36/04.md b/isa/36/04.md index 77b8590ec..fb0275ab3 100644 --- a/isa/36/04.md +++ b/isa/36/04.md @@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The Rabshakeh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. * **said to them** - "said to Eliakim, Shebna, and Joah" * **What is the source of your confidence?** - The king of Assyria uses this question to challenge Hezekiah that he does not have a good source for confidence. AT: "You have no reliable source for your confidence." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Now in whom are you trusting? Who has give you courage to rebel against me?** - The king of Assyria uses questions to ridicule Hezekiah for believing he has the strength to rebel. AT: "No matter in whom you trust, you will not have the courage to rebel against me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/isa/36/06.md b/isa/36/06.md index aa253cf05..4f9ff5aa2 100644 --- a/isa/36/06.md +++ b/isa/36/06.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah. The Rabshakeh is speaking the message to Hezekiah's men. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:04]]) +* 5]]) * **you trust in the walking stick of this bruised reed of Egypt, but if a man leans it will stick into his hand and pierce it** - The bruised reed of Egypt refers to Pharaoh and the armies of Egypt. The Rabshakeh warns Hezekiah that Egypt will not be able to help and will cause Judah harm. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **bruised reed** - A reed is the long, thin stem of a plant like tall grass. If it is bruised (damaged) it cannot carry any weight. * **is not he the one whose shrines and altars Hezekiah has taken away, …?** - The king of Assyria uses this question to ridicule the people and to imply that Yahweh was angry about what Hezekiah did and would not protect them. AT: “He is the one whose shrines and altars Hezekiah has taken away …“ or “He is the one whom Hezekiah insulted by tearing down his shrines and altars” (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/isa/36/08.md b/isa/36/08.md index 42671c248..df69cb6e6 100644 --- a/isa/36/08.md +++ b/isa/36/08.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah by speaking the message to Hezekiah's men. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:04]]) +* 5]]) * **two thousand horses** - "2,000 horses" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **if you are able to find riders for them** - Rabshakeh continues to ridicule Hezekiah and his army by implying that he did not have many soldiers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) diff --git a/isa/36/09.md b/isa/36/09.md index adf9974c2..59c727563 100644 --- a/isa/36/09.md +++ b/isa/36/09.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the king of Assyria's message to Hezekiah by speaking the message to Hezekiah's men. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:04]]) +* 5]]) * **How could you resist even one captain** - The Rabshakeh continues to ridicule Hezekiah and his army. AT: "You could not even defeat one captain" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Now then, have I traveled up here without Yahweh to fight against this land and destroy it?** - The Rabshakeh uses another question to ridicule Hezekiah and the people of Judah. AT: "I came here with Yahweh's command to destroy Jerusalem." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/isa/36/11.md b/isa/36/11.md index 3faf69698..0a6612f77 100644 --- a/isa/36/11.md +++ b/isa/36/11.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Eliaim...Hilkiah...Shebnah** - See how you translated these names of men in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:22:20]] and [[:en:bible:notes:isa:22:15]]. -* **Joah...Rabshakeh** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. -* **Please speak to your servants** - Eliakim, Shebnah, and Joah refer to themselves as Rabshakeh's servants. This is a polite way to speak to someone who has greater authority. -* **Has my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these words?** - Rabshakeh uses a question to emphasize that his message is for all the people of Judah. AT: "Certainly, my master has sent me to speak this message to you and to all who can hear." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Has he not sent me to the men who sit on the wall, who will have to ...?** - Rabshakeh continues using a question for emphasis. AT: "My master has sent me to everyone who hears this, who will have to ...." +* **Joah...chief commander** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. +* **Please speak to your servants** - Eliakim, Shebnah, and Joah refer to themselves as the chief commander's servants. This is a polite way to speak to someone who has greater authority. +* **Has my master sent me to your master and to you to speak these words?** - the chief commander uses a question to emphasize that his message is for all the people of Judah. AT: "Certainly, my master has sent me to speak this message to you and to all who can hear." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Has he not sent me to the men who sit on the wall, who will have to ...?** - the chief commander continues using a question for emphasis. AT: "My master has sent me to everyone who hears this, who will have to ...." diff --git a/isa/36/13.md b/isa/36/13.md index 7dd2c6a22..f574add8c 100644 --- a/isa/36/13.md +++ b/isa/36/13.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Rabshakeh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. +* **the chief commander** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. * **this city will not be handed over to the king of Assyria** - AT: "Yahweh will not give Jerusalem over to the king of Assyria" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/37/03.md b/isa/37/03.md index 91f23533a..59b2300c3 100644 --- a/isa/37/03.md +++ b/isa/37/03.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ * **They said to him** - "The men sent by Hezekiah said to Isaiah" * **like when a child is ready to be born, but the mother has no strength to give birth to her child** - This emphasizes that they are in a time of extreme difficulty. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **It may be Yahweh your God will hear the words** - AT: "Maybe if you pray to Yahweh your God he will hear the message" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Rabshakeh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. +* **the chief commander** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. * **and will rebuke the words which Yahweh your God has heard** - “and Yahweh your God will rebuke him” diff --git a/isa/37/08.md b/isa/37/08.md index f70240ad8..32c3f797d 100644 --- a/isa/37/08.md +++ b/isa/37/08.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Rabshakeh...Lachish...Sennacherib** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. +* **the chief commander...Lachish...Sennacherib** - See how you translated these in [[en:bible:notes:isa:36:01]]. * **Libnah** - A city in southern Judah. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Tirhakah** - This is the name of a man. * **Jerusalem will not be given over into the hand of the king of Assyria** - AT: "The king of Assyria and his army will not conquer you in Jerusalem" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/41/01.md b/isa/41/01.md index 69f7d72fc..215a8164a 100644 --- a/isa/41/01.md +++ b/isa/41/01.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ * **let them come near and speak; let us come near together to argue a dispute** - “then let them come near so they may speak and reason with me” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **Who stirred up this one from the east? Who calls him in good order to his service?** - Yahweh uses questions to emphasize he is in control of all nations. AT: “I am the one who called this powerful ruler from the east and put him in my good service” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **He hands nations over to him** - "I give the nations over to the one from the east" -* **he makes them as the dust with his sword, as wind-blown stubble with his bow** - This means the man from the east will easily destroy the people and kings of the nations. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **he makes them as the dust with his sword, as wind-blown stubble with his bow** - blown stubble with his bow** - This means the man from the east will easily destroy the people and kings of the nations. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/isa/41/03.md b/isa/41/03.md index 024e6118b..237a30b67 100644 --- a/isa/41/03.md +++ b/isa/41/03.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to the coastlands and the nations. * **He pursues them and passes by safely** - "The powerful ruler from the east and his army pursue the nations, and the nations do not harm him" * **by a swift path that his feet scarcely touch** - "and he and his army will even move quickly over paths they have never traveled before" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* Who has performed and accomplished these deeds? Who has called forth the generations from the beginning? +* **Who has performed and accomplished these deeds? Who has called forth the generations from the beginning? * Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that he is the one in control of all people and nations. AT: "I, Yahweh, the first, and with the last ones, I am he who performed and accomplished these deeds. I called forth the generations from the beginning." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **the first, and with the last ones** - This means God has no beginning or ending. He is eternal. diff --git a/isa/41/14.md b/isa/41/14.md index 8eb3d57a5..15e1264a5 100644 --- a/isa/41/14.md +++ b/isa/41/14.md @@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ * **Jacob you worm, and you men of Israel** - Here "Jacob" and "men of Israel" mean the same thing. AT: “you descendants of Jacob who are small and weak” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **declaration of Yahweh** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:14:21]]. * **Holy One of Israel** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:04]]. -* **Look, I am making you like a sharp threshing sledge, new and two-edged you will thresh the mountains and crush them; you will make the hills like chaff** - A threshing sledge was a board with sharp spikes that someone would drag over the wheat to separate the grain from the chaff. This means God will make the people strong enough to defeat their enemies. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **Look, I am making you like a sharp threshing sledge, new and two-edged you will thresh the mountains and crush them; you will make the hills like chaff** - edged you will thresh the mountains and crush them; you will make the hills like chaff** - A threshing sledge was a board with sharp spikes that someone would drag over the wheat to separate the grain from the chaff. This means God will make the people strong enough to defeat their enemies. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **you will thresh the mountains and crush them** - Yahweh compares the power he will give Israel to a sledge that will tear down mountains. AT: "you will be so strong you will defeat powerful nations." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **the mountains** - Yahweh compares the powerful nations to mountains. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/41/23.md b/isa/41/23.md index ad6b5d0fc..e0290c62a 100644 --- a/isa/41/23.md +++ b/isa/41/23.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Yahweh continues mocking the idols and the people who worship them. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:41:21]]) +* 22]]) * **Do something good or evil** - AT: "Do anything at all" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **he who chooses you** - Here "you" is plural and refers to the idols. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/isa/41/27.md b/isa/41/27.md index 6dac5c4b9..353e95eeb 100644 --- a/isa/41/27.md +++ b/isa/41/27.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking. * **not one among them** - "not one idol" -* **their cast-poured figures are wind and emptiness** - This means the idols that the people have made are worthless. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **their cast-poured figures are wind and emptiness** - poured figures are wind and emptiness** - This means the idols that the people have made are worthless. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/42/20.md b/isa/42/20.md index cbfe00afa..963f14113 100644 --- a/isa/42/20.md +++ b/isa/42/20.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. * **You see many things, but do not comprehend** - "Although you see many things, you do not know understand what they mean" -* **It pleased Yahweh to praise his justice and make glorious the Law** - "Yahweh was pleased to honor his justice and his law" +* **It pleased Yahweh to praise his justice and to make his law glorious** - "Yahweh was pleased to honor his justice and his law" diff --git a/isa/42/23.md b/isa/42/23.md index 10fad40b4..d99c718f5 100644 --- a/isa/42/23.md +++ b/isa/42/23.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **Who among you** - Here "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **Who gave Jacob over to the robber, and Israel to the looters?** - Isaiah uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh was the one that allowed the enemy to conquer the people of Israel. AT: "It was Yahweh who gave the people of Israel over to robbers and looters." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Was it not Yahweh, against whom we have sinned, in whose ways they refused to walk, and whose Law they refused to obey** - Isaiah uses another question for the same reason. Here "we" refers to Isaiah and the people of Israel. The word "they" also refers to the people of Israel, but Isaiah still included himself as part of the people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **Was it not Yahweh, against whom we have sinned, in whose ways they refused to walk, and whose law they refused to obey** - Isaiah uses another question for the same reason. Here "we" refers to Isaiah and the people of Israel. The word "they" also refers to the people of Israel, but Isaiah still included himself as part of the people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/isa/43/06.md b/isa/43/06.md index 06290b8d0..ec2358576 100644 --- a/isa/43/06.md +++ b/isa/43/06.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. -* **say to the north...to the south** - say to the north...to the south Yahweh speaks to these directions as if commanding the nations in those locations. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **say to the north...to the south** - Yahweh speaks to these directions as if commanding the nations in those locations. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **my sons...my daughters** - This means all of God's people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **everyone who is called by my name** - This means everyone who belongs to God and worships him. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) AT: "Everyone whom Yahweh calls by his name and creates for his glory" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **whom I have formed, yes, whom I have made** - Both of these mean the same thing and emphasize that it is God who made the people of Israel. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/isa/43/24.md b/isa/43/24.md index c90c65945..ec17c35c5 100644 --- a/isa/43/24.md +++ b/isa/43/24.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. -* **sweet-smelling cane** - This is a plant with a pleasant smell used to make anointing oil. It did not grow in the land of Israel so the people had to buy it from other nations. +* **sweet-smelling cane** - smelling cane** - This is a plant with a pleasant smell used to make anointing oil. It did not grow in the land of Israel so the people had to buy it from other nations. * **burdened me with your sins, you have wearied me with your evil deeds** - These both mean the same thing and emphasize the complaint Yahweh has with his people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **burdened me with your sins** - "troubled me with your sins" diff --git a/isa/49/19.md b/isa/49/19.md index 092380728..d5b10e756 100644 --- a/isa/49/19.md +++ b/isa/49/19.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to Zion as if it were a person, a widow. * **Though you were a waste and desolate** - "Though the enemy left you destroyed and empty" -* **bereavement - ** - This refers to the time when the Israelites were in exile in Babylon. +* **bereavement - ** - ** This refers to the time when the Israelites were in exile in Babylon. * **The children born during the time of your bereavement** - AT: "The children born during the exile" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/49/24.md b/isa/49/24.md index 16b63ce1c..03a8a9065 100644 --- a/isa/49/24.md +++ b/isa/49/24.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **spoils - valuable items taken from the losers in a battle** - valuable items taken from the losers in a battle +* **spoils - valuable items taken from the losers in a battle** - valuable items taken from the losers in a battle** * **Can the spoils be taken from the warrior, or captives be rescued from a tyrant?** - Isaiah uses questions to emphasize that a person cannot take anything from a mighty soldier or king. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the captives will be taken away from the warrior, and spoils will be rescued** - AT: "I will take the captives from the warrior, and I will get back the spoils" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **your adversary … your children** - Here "your" refers to the city of Zion as if it were a person who has enemies and the people who live in Zion are her children. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/isa/50/11.md b/isa/50/11.md index 320413e04..8285e7763 100644 --- a/isa/50/11.md +++ b/isa/50/11.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **all you who light a fire … flames that you have ignited** - Isaiah continues to speak here for God. This refers to the people in darkness who try to save themselves by their own light or their own wisdom and do what they want to do instead of obeying God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **all you who light fires … flames that you have ignited** - Isaiah continues to speak here for God. This refers to the people in darkness who try to live according to their own "light," that is, by their own wisdom, instead of obeying God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **From my hand** - This refers to Yahweh. AT: "From me" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **you will lie down in a place of pain** - Here to "lie down" refers to dying. AT: "You will die with great suffering" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/isa/51/04.md b/isa/51/04.md index 7968fb2f8..ca01c9d5f 100644 --- a/isa/51/04.md +++ b/isa/51/04.md @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. * **Be attentive to me, my people; and listen to me, my people** - These mean the same thing and are combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **and I will make my justice to be a light for the nations** - This means the people of the nations will understand and obey God's law. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **I will make my justice to be a light for the nations** - This means the people of the nations will understand and obey God's law. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **My righteousness is near** - This means God will soon fulfill his promises to the people of Israel. -* **my arm** - Here "arm" refers Yahweh's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the coastlands** - This refers to the most distant lands. AT: "the lands across the sea." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **my arm** - Here "arm" refers to Yahweh's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/51/17.md b/isa/51/17.md index 8d70d03f7..b4e924c0f 100644 --- a/isa/51/17.md +++ b/isa/51/17.md @@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Awake, awake, stand up, Jerusalem** - The word "awake" is repeated for emphasisand shows urgency, to arouse the people of Israel, not to //literally// wake them from sleep. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) -* **you who drank from the hand of Yahweh the cup of his anger … you drained it** - This compares a person who drinks all the wine out of a cup and so cannot walk steadily to the people of Israel who fully experienced God's anger and punishment. This emphasizes how completely God punished the people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Awake, awake, stand up, Jerusalem** - The word "awake" is repeated for emphasis and shows urgency, to arouse the people of Israel, not to //literally// wake them from sleep. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) +* **you drank the bowl of Yahweh's anger from his hand** - This compares the people of Israel who fully experienced God's anger and punishment to a person who drinks all the wine in a bowl. +* **the bowl of staggering** - This compares the people of Israel, who experienced Yahweh's punishment to the full, to a wine drinker who stumbles and falls down. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **There is no one among all the sons … to take her by the hand** - These two clauses mean the same thing. Yahweh is describing the city of Jerusalem as if it were a mother and the people were her children. Here there are no children left to help their mother. This emphasizes how helpless the people were after God punished them. diff --git a/isa/52/15.md b/isa/52/15.md index b4356837d..fcb80029a 100644 --- a/isa/52/15.md +++ b/isa/52/15.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking about his servant. -* **startle ** - startle - to surprise suddenly, possibly from fear, making someone move without thinking about it +* **startle ** - to surprise suddenly, possibly from fear, making someone move without thinking about it * **That which they had not been told** - AT: "That which no one had told them" or "Something no one had told them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/53/03.md b/isa/53/03.md index 70adc559f..369c4f2e6 100644 --- a/isa/53/03.md +++ b/isa/53/03.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues speaking to the people in exile in Babylonia. He is describing Yahweh's servant. (See: [[:en:bible:notes:isa:53:01]]) +* 2]]) * **He was despised and rejected by people** - AT: "People considered him as nothing and rejected him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **a man of sorrows** - "a man knowing all kinds of sadness" * **from whom men hide their faces** - "from whom people turn away" diff --git a/isa/53/07.md b/isa/53/07.md index dcfa882ec..079f16534 100644 --- a/isa/53/07.md +++ b/isa/53/07.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues speaking to the people in exile in Babylonia, describing Yahweh's servant. (See: [[:en:bible:notes:isa:53:01]]) +* 2]]) * **He was oppressed** - AT: "They treated him harshly" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he did not open his mouth** - AT: "he did not protest" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **as a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and as a sheep that before its shearers is silent** - Isaiah compares the servant to a lamb and a sheep to emphasize that he will remain silent as people harm and humiliate him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/isa/53/08.md b/isa/53/08.md index c817a8488..eb19d7d4b 100644 --- a/isa/53/08.md +++ b/isa/53/08.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* Isaiah continues speaking to the people in exile in Babylonia, describing Yahweh's servant. (See: [[:en:bible:notes:isa:53:01]]) +* 2]]) * **By coercion and judgment he was condemned** - AT: "They treated him harshly, judged him, and condemned him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **who from that generation thought anymore about him?** - AT: "no one from his generation cared what happened to him" Or "no one among his contempories cared what happened to him " (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **But he was cut off out of the land of the living** - "But he died" Or "But he was taken away" +* **But he was cut off from the land of the living** - "But he died" Or "But he was taken away" * **of my people** - "of the people of Israel" * **nor had there been any deceit in his mouth** - AT: "nor did he deceive anyone when he spoke" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/54/05.md b/isa/54/05.md index 2dfa1dbb6..c4e79f43c 100644 --- a/isa/54/05.md +++ b/isa/54/05.md @@ -31,5 +31,5 @@ * **Yahweh of hosts** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:01:24]]. * **the Holy One of Israel** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:05:15]]. * **Redeemer** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:41:14]]. -* **the God of the whole earth he is called** - AT: "he is the God of the whole earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **he is called ** - AT: "he is the God of the whole earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **and grieved in spirit** - This means she is emotionally hurt or heartbroken. diff --git a/isa/54/07.md b/isa/54/07.md index 5011989fe..09c69fa08 100644 --- a/isa/54/07.md +++ b/isa/54/07.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. -* **I hid my face from you ** - I hid my face from you - God abandoned his people and let them suffer. +* **I hid my face from you ** - God abandoned his people and let them suffer. * **covenant faithfulness** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:16:05]]. diff --git a/isa/54/09.md b/isa/54/09.md index 508f2e1c7..16f877500 100644 --- a/isa/54/09.md +++ b/isa/54/09.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **and the hills be shaken** - AT: "and the hills may shake" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **my covenant faithfulness will not turn away from you ** - my covenant faithfulness will not turn away from you Here, "covenant" refers to the promise made to Noah. AT: “I will not stop being faithful to you as I promised in my covenant” or ”I will always be faithful to you because of my covenant” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **my covenant faithfulness will not turn away from you** - Here, "covenant" refers to the promise made to Noah. AT: “I will not stop being faithful to you as I promised in my covenant” or ”I will always be faithful to you because of my covenant” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * ** nor will my covenant of peace be shaken ** - AT: “and I will not cancel my covenant of peace” or “and I will surely give you peace as I promised in my covenant” diff --git a/isa/54/11.md b/isa/54/11.md index fe3627da0..07ccb995e 100644 --- a/isa/54/11.md +++ b/isa/54/11.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Jerusalem. -* **storm-driven** - Yahweh compares the people to something that the storm and wind blows around. This means the people are hurt and without stability. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **storm-driven** - driven** - Yahweh compares the people to something that the storm and wind blows around. This means the people are hurt and without stability. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **uncomforted one** - "without comfort" * **turquoise…sapphires…rubies** - These are precious gemstones. Turquoise is light blue-to-green, sapphires are //typically// dark blue, and rubies are red-to-pink. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) diff --git a/isa/55/01.md b/isa/55/01.md index cbc373478..f64eaefff 100644 --- a/isa/55/01.md +++ b/isa/55/01.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel in exile through Isaiah. * **Ho** - This word is used to get their attention. You may have a similar word in your language. AT: "Listen to me." Or it can be omitted. -* **all who thirst ** - all who thirst -This metaphor points to the spiritual thirst of the people for Yahweh. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **come ** - come - There is an urgency shown through three uses of "come." +* **all who thirst ** - This metaphor points to the spiritual thirst of the people for Yahweh. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **come ** - There is an urgency shown through three uses of "come." * **wine and milk** - The land of Judah produced wine and milk. These are symbols of God's mercy. diff --git a/isa/55/06.md b/isa/55/06.md index 43d8c5be1..17dd48ae7 100644 --- a/isa/55/06.md +++ b/isa/55/06.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Seek Yahweh while he may be found; call upon him while he is nearby** - These clauses mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. It means the people need to repent and start obeying God while he is willing to forgive them and bless them. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Seek Yahweh while he may be found; call on him while he is nearby** - These clauses mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. It means the people need to repent and start obeying God while he is willing to forgive them and bless them. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Seek Yahweh while he may be found** - AT: "Seek Yahweh while you may still find him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Let the wicked leave his path** - Here "path" refers to a person's behavior. * **and he will pity him** - "and Yahweh will pity him" diff --git a/isa/55/12.md b/isa/55/12.md index 544da3a4d..8711ab073 100644 --- a/isa/55/12.md +++ b/isa/55/12.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to the people of Israel. * **the mountains and the hills will break out in joyful shouts before you, and all the trees of the fields will clap their hands** - Yahweh describes the mountains, hills, and trees as people celebrating. This emphasizes what a happy occasion it will be. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **thornbushes … brier ** - thornbushes … brier - These are essentially weeds. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) +* **thornbushes … brier ** - These are essentially weeds. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **evergreens** - Here, this refers to tall trees (in contrast to the low-growing weeds) with leaves or needles that stay green all year long. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **myrtle tree** - a tree with green leaves and white flowers (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **for his name** - AT: "for his honor" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/isa/61/01.md b/isa/61/01.md index bc6453636..91c1d3ce4 100644 --- a/isa/61/01.md +++ b/isa/61/01.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **is upon me** - Here "me" refers to Isaiah the prophet. +* **is on me** - Here "me" refers to Isaiah the prophet. diff --git a/isa/62/11.md b/isa/62/11.md index 5e4068bab..78439460a 100644 --- a/isa/62/11.md +++ b/isa/62/11.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the daughter of Zion** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:isa:01:07]]. -* **See, his reward is with him, and his reward goes before him** - See how you translated a similar phrase in [[en:bible:notes:isa:40:09]]. +* **the daughter of Zion** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:01:07]]. +* **See, his reward is with him, and his recompense is going before him** - See how you translated a similar phrase in [[:en:bible:notes:isa:40:09]]. diff --git a/isa/65/08.md b/isa/65/08.md index 0ffb6dd1c..ecf602875 100644 --- a/isa/65/08.md +++ b/isa/65/08.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:grape]] +* [[en:tw:grape|grape]] * [[en:tw:ruin]] +* [[en:tw:ruin|ruin, ruins]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:servant|servant, slave, slavery]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/isa/66/07.md b/isa/66/07.md index 47ec2ecc4..6cd6165a3 100644 --- a/isa/66/07.md +++ b/isa/66/07.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking. * **Before she goes into labor, she gives birth; before pain is upon her, she gave birth to a son** - Yahweh speaks about Zion as if it were a woman who is about to give birth. Although Zion was destroyed and the people no longer lived there, Yahweh promises that without delay and with little effort an entire nation will come from her. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Who has heard of such a thing? Who has seen such things? Will a land be born in one day? Can a nation be established in one moment?** - Yahweh uses questions to emphasize how unique this event will be. The series of questions build tension until Zion is finally mentioned. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* See 49:17-21 and [[:en:bible:notes:isa:54:01]]. +* 21 and [[:en:bible:notes:isa:54:01]]. diff --git a/isa/66/09.md b/isa/66/09.md index f50d1ca79..dfe4da542 100644 --- a/isa/66/09.md +++ b/isa/66/09.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* Yahweh continues speaking about Zion as if it were a mother. (See: [[en:bible:notes:isa:66:07]]) +* 8]]) * ** Do I bring a mother to the time of birth and not cause her child to be born...Do I beget and then hold back?** - Yahweh uses questions to emphasize that he will not fail to fulfill his promises to the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/isa/66/10.md b/isa/66/10.md index 9c73ea1f8..6763f0afe 100644 --- a/isa/66/10.md +++ b/isa/66/10.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother and the inhabitants of Jerusalem as newly born children. (See: [[:en:bible:notes:isa:66:07]]) +* 8]]) * **For you will nurse and be satisfied; with her breasts you will be comforted** - This means Jerusalem will be a place of safety and comfort for God's people. AT: "For she will satisfy you with her milk; she will comfort you with her breasts." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/66/12.md b/isa/66/12.md index bb6b142be..406241503 100644 --- a/isa/66/12.md +++ b/isa/66/12.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Yahweh continues speaking about Jerusalem as if it were a mother. (See: [[:en:bible:notes:isa:66:07]]) +* 8]]) * **like a river…like an overflowing stream** - This means God will cause the people of the nations to bring a very large amount of riches, which will be permanent like a river and abundant. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **You will nurse at her side, be carried in her arms, and be dandled on her knees** - This means Jerusalem will be a place of safety and comfort for God's people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **be carried in her arms, and be dandled on her knees** - AT: "she will carry you in her arms and bounce you on her knees with delight" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/isa/66/15.md b/isa/66/15.md index de71e4c62..746ca28ee 100644 --- a/isa/66/15.md +++ b/isa/66/15.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **coming with fire** - God's appearances in the Old Testament are often accompanied by fire. * **like the windstorm** - Clouds are often called the chariots of God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **with his sword** - This refers to God's power to judge and to kill his enemies. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Those slain by Yahweh will be many** - AT: "Yahweh will kill many people" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Those killed by Yahweh will be many** - AT: "Yahweh will kill many people" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/jas/01/01.md b/jas/01/01.md index 58245d5d6..0f2c1d8b2 100644 --- a/jas/01/01.md +++ b/jas/01/01.md @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **James, …** - James is the half-brother of Jesus. This could be translated as “I, James,…”. -* **a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ** - The phrase “I am” is implied. It can be translated as “I am a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **James, …** - James is the half-brother of Jesus. AT: “I, James,…”. +* **a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ** - The phrase “I am” is implied. AT: “I am a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **to the twelve tribes of the Dispersion** - James was writing to all the Jewish believers who fled to Roman cities outside of Judea, away from the persecution that arose after the stoning of Stephen. * **the twelve tribes** - Seek to be consistent in writing numbers. It can be displayed as "the 12 tribes" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **greetings** - A basic greeting such as "Hello" or "Good Day". diff --git a/jas/01/04.md b/jas/01/04.md index 2f017a8b3..7f2ebd2b4 100644 --- a/jas/01/04.md +++ b/jas/01/04.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let endurance complete its work ** - To continue to stand firm under difficult circumstances. It can be translated as "stay strong during your troubles." +* **Let endurance complete its work ** - To continue to stand firm under difficult circumstances. AT: "stay strong during your troubles." * **that you may be** - "so that God may make your faith" * **that you ** - The word "you" refers to the Jewish Believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **completely mature** - "completely perfect" * **lacking in nothing** - This is a negative phrase that can be stated in the positive as, "Having much" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **ask for it from the One who gives it, God ** - ask for it from the One who gives it, God - "ask God for it. He is the one who gives wisdom." +* **ask for it from the One who gives it, God ** - "ask God for it. He is the one who gives wisdom." * **generously and without rebuke** - "without rebuke" is a negative phrase that can be stated in the positive as, "generously and happily." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **God will grant it** - "God will do it" or "God will answer your prayer" diff --git a/jas/01/06.md b/jas/01/06.md index 2a3a6c5d4..f7de0092a 100644 --- a/jas/01/06.md +++ b/jas/01/06.md @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **in faith, without doubting** - "without doubting" is a negative phrase that can be stated in the positive as "with complete certainty that God will answer." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **for the one who doubts is like a wave in the sea, driven by the wind and tossed around** - This compares a person who doubts with the way water moves and keeps changing direction. Alternate translation: “is always moving back and forth between belief and unbelief” or “is always changing what he believes.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **for the one who doubts is like a wave in the sea, driven by the wind and tossed around** - This compares a person who doubts with the way water moves and keeps changing direction. AT: “is always moving back and forth between belief and unbelief” or “is always changing what he believes.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **his request** - "what he asked" * **of the Lord** - "from the Lord" -* **is a doubleminded person** - The word "doubleminded" refers to a person's thoughts when he is unable to make a decision. This can be translated as "cannot decide if he will follow Jesus or not follow Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **is a doubleminded person** - The word "doubleminded" refers to a person's thoughts when he is unable to make a decision. AT: "cannot decide if he will follow Jesus or not follow Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **unstable in all his ways** - "He is not certain about anything." diff --git a/jas/01/09.md b/jas/01/09.md index 2904fd671..9690ed322 100644 --- a/jas/01/09.md +++ b/jas/01/09.md @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The poor brother ** - The poor brother - "The believer who does not have much money" +* **The poor brother ** - "The believer who does not have much money" * **should glory in his high standing** - "should be happy that God has given him honor." * **while the rich brother** - "And, the brother who has a lot of money" -* **in his humility** - The ellipsis phrase "should glory" is left out. It can be translated as "should be happy that God has taught him humility." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **in his humility** - The ellipsis phrase "should glory" is left out. AT: "should be happy that God has taught him humility." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) * **he will pass away like a wild flower in the field passes** - This simile shows that even rich people will die, just like every living thing dies. It emphasizes why a rich person should be humble. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **with scorching heat** - "and its heat" or "the scorching hot wind" (UDB) * **the rich people will fade away in the middle of their activities** - "the rich person will die while he is working hard to gain more money" diff --git a/jas/01/12.md b/jas/01/12.md index 3b1da0610..31dbb7b6b 100644 --- a/jas/01/12.md +++ b/jas/01/12.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * **endures testing** - "stays strong when troubles come" * **passed the test** - "remains strong through those troubles" * **he will receive** - "God will give him" -* **receive the crown of life** - "crown of life" is a figurative expression for God giving the person eternal life as his reward. It can be translated as "receive his reward of eternal live". +* **receive the crown of life** - "crown of life" is a figurative expression for God giving the person eternal life as his reward. AT: "receive his reward of eternal live". * **has been promised to those who love God** - "God has promised the crown of life to those who love him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **when he is tempted** - "when he has the desire to do something evil" * **This temptation is from God** - "God is trying to make me do something evil" diff --git a/jas/01/17.md b/jas/01/17.md index cdc7939b1..f20689948 100644 --- a/jas/01/17.md +++ b/jas/01/17.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **Every good gift and every perfect gift** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. James uses them to emphasize that anything good that a person has comes from God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **from above ** - "from heaven" * **the Father of lights** - God is the creator of all the lights in the sky (sun, moon, and stars). * **He does not change like shifting shadows** - This is a simile that compares the unchanging God being a constant light to the changing and moving lights in the sky (sun, moon, and stars). AT: "God does not change like shadows that appear and disappear." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/jas/01/19.md b/jas/01/19.md index b4d4e82c1..c9cac2189 100644 --- a/jas/01/19.md +++ b/jas/01/19.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ * **Every man must be swift to hear, slow to speak** - People should first listen intently, and then consider carefully what they say. * **slow to anger ** - "do not get angry easily" * **the anger of man does not work the righteousness of God** - When a person gets angry he does not behave the way God desires. -* **put away all sinful filth and the evil that is everywhere** - This doublet is used to emphasize evil. AT: "stop doing every kind of evil thing." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **put away all sinful filth and the evil** - Here the words "sinful filth" and "evil" share similar meanings. James uses them to emphasize how bad sin is. AT: "stop doing every kind of sinful behavior" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **in humility** - "without pride" or "without arrogance" * **receive the implanted word** - The word "implant" means to place one thing inside of another. This is a metaphor describing God's word as something planted inside of a person. AT: "obey the message God has spoken to you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **save your souls** - Here, the word "souls" is a synecdoche and refers to the entire person. Also, what a person is saved from can be made explicit. AT: "save you from God's judgment." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/jas/01/22.md b/jas/01/22.md index 54c00ba4f..bf39e8ae8 100644 --- a/jas/01/22.md +++ b/jas/01/22.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * **examining his natural face...and soon forgets** - the man looking at his face and soon forgetting what he saw is the like the man who hears the Word of God and forgets what he heard. * **the perfect law, the law of liberty** - "the perfect law that gives freedom" * **not just being a hearer who forgets** - "not just listening and then forgetting it" -* **this man will be blessed as he does it** - This can be translated with an active clause "God will bless this man as he obeys the law." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **this man will be blessed as he does it** - AT: "God will bless this man as he obeys the law." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/jas/01/26.md b/jas/01/26.md index c2992a3f8..2776c8204 100644 --- a/jas/01/26.md +++ b/jas/01/26.md @@ -10,11 +10,12 @@ ## translationNotes * **thinks himself to be religious ** - "thinks he worships God correctly" -* **control his tongue** - "tongue" is a metonym that could be translated as "what he says." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **control his tongue** - "tongue" is a metonym. AT: "what he says." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **he deceives** - "fools" or "tricks" or "misleads" -* **his heart** - Here "heart" is a synecdoche meaning the whole person. This could be translated as "himself." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **his heart** - Here "heart" is a synecdoche meaning the whole person. AT: "himself." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **his religion is vain** - "his worship is worthless" -* **Pure and undefiled religion before our God and Father is this** - "Pure and undefiled" is a doublet that emphasizes what is acceptable to God. This could be translated as "This is the worship that God will accept." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **the fatherless ** - the fatherless - "those who do not have a father" or "the orphans" -* **widows in their affliction ** - widows in their affliction - the women who are suffering because their husbands have died -* **to protect oneself the world's corruption ** - to not allow the evil in the world to cause you to sin. +* **Pure and undefiled religion before our God and Father is this** - AT: "This is the kind of religion that God will accept" +* **Pure and undefiled** - James expresses the same idea both positively and negatively to emphasize what true religion is like. AT: "Completely pure." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **the fatherless ** - "those who do not have a father" or "the orphans" +* **widows in their affliction ** - the women who are suffering because their husbands have died +* **to protect oneself the world's corruption ** - To not allow the evil in the world to cause you to sin. diff --git a/jas/02/01.md b/jas/02/01.md index 4bf88366a..0c578faa5 100644 --- a/jas/02/01.md +++ b/jas/02/01.md @@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my brothers ** - my brothers - James considers his audience to be jewish believers. It can be translated as "my fellow believers" or "my brothers and sisters in Christ". +* **my brothers ** - James considers his audience to be jewish believers. AT: "my fellow believers" or "my brothers and sisters in Christ". * **you trust our Lord** - the word "our" includes James and his fellow believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **by favoring certain people ** - "giving special treatment" or "being nicer to" or "giving more honor to" * **If someone…** - James starts a hypothetical situation that continues to the end of verse 4. He describes a situation where the believers might give more honor to a rich person than a poor person. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) -* **wearing gold rings and fine clothes ** - wearing gold rings and fine clothes - "dressed like a wealthy person" +* **wearing gold rings and fine clothes ** - "dressed like a wealthy person" * **sit here in a nice place ** - "sit in this place of honor" * **stand over there or sit at my feet** - "move to a dishonored place" -* **are you not making judgments among yourselves, and becoming judges with evil thoughts ** - are you not making judgments among yourselves, and becoming judges with evil thoughts - James is using a rhetorical question to teach and possibly scold his readers. It may be translated as "You are making judgments among yourselves and becoming judges with evil thoughts." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **are you not making judgments among yourselves, and becoming judges with evil thoughts ** - James is using a rhetorical question to teach and possibly scold his readers. AT: "You are making judgments among yourselves and becoming judges with evil thoughts." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/jas/02/05.md b/jas/02/05.md index 6bfd37879..9d26db4df 100644 --- a/jas/02/05.md +++ b/jas/02/05.md @@ -13,15 +13,15 @@ ## translationNotes * **Listen my beloved brothers ** - James was exhorting his readers as family. "Pay attention, my dear fellow believers" -* **did not God choose…** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. You may translate it as "God has chosen…" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **be rich in faith ** - "have much faith." "rich" implies one has a lot of faith. The object of faith may have to be specified. It can be translated as "have strong faith in Christ." +* **did not God choose…** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. AT: "God has chosen…" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **be rich in faith ** - "have much faith." "rich" implies one has a lot of faith. The object of faith may have to be specified. AT: "have strong faith in Christ." * **inherit the kingdom ** - "to enter the kingdom of Heaven which" * **But you have** - James is speaking to his whole audience. ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **have dishonored the poor ** - "do not value the poor" or "have treated the poor badly" -* **Is it not the rich** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. You may translate it as "It is the rich." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Is it not the rich** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. AT: "It is the rich." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the rich** - "the rich people" (UDB) * **who oppress you ** - "who dominate you" or "who treat you badly" -* **are they not the ones ** - are they not the ones - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. You may translate it as "They are the ones." +* **are they not the ones ** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. AT: "They are the ones." * **drag you into court ** - "forcibly take you to court to accuse you in front of judges"(UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Do not the rich** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. You may translate it as "the rich" or "the rich people." +* **Do not the rich** - Here James uses a a rhetorical question to scold his readers. AT: "the rich" or "the rich people." * **the good name ** - "Christ's name" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/jas/02/08.md b/jas/02/08.md index 0840bf01a..c155b48b2 100644 --- a/jas/02/08.md +++ b/jas/02/08.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **if you fulfill** - The word “you” refers to the Jewish Believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **fulfill the royal law ** - God originally gave laws to Moses, recorded in the books of the Old Testament. It can be translated as "obey God's law" or "obey the law of our great king." +* **fulfill the royal law ** - God originally gave laws to Moses, recorded in the books of the Old Testament. AT: "obey God's law" or "obey the law of our great king." * **You shall love your neighbor as yourself** - (See: Leviticus [[en:bible:notes:lev:19:17]]) -* **your neighbor ** - your neighbor - "all people" or "everyone" +* **your neighbor ** - "all people" or "everyone" * **you do well** - "you are doing well" or "you are doing what is right" * **if you favor** - "give special treatment to" or "give honor to" -* **committing sin** - That is, breaking the Law. It can be translated as "sinning." -* **convicted by the law as lawbreakers** - Here the law has the attributes of a human judge. It can be translated as "and guilty of breaking God's law". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **committing sin** - That is, breaking the Law. AT: "sinning." +* **convicted by the law as lawbreakers** - Here the law has the attributes of a human judge. AT: "and guilty of breaking God's law". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/jas/02/10.md b/jas/02/10.md index b5fa72b64..e180a38a0 100644 --- a/jas/02/10.md +++ b/jas/02/10.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **for whoever obeys ** - for whoever obeys - "for anyone who obeys" -* **yet stumbles in … he has become** - yet stumbles in … he has become- As stumbling is falling down while one is trying to walk, so is disobeying one point of the law is being guilty of breaking the whole law. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **for whoever obeys ** - "for anyone who obeys" +* **yet stumbles in … he has become** - As stumbling is falling down while one is trying to walk, so is disobeying one point of the law is being guilty of breaking the whole law. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Do not commit…** - to "commit" is to do the action. -* **…If you…But you…you have…** - Though James was writing to many Jewish believers, in this case he wrote as if he was writing to each person individually. This can be translated as "each one of you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **…If you…But you…you have…** - Though James was writing to many Jewish believers, in this case he wrote as if he was writing to each person individually. AT: "each one of you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/jas/02/12.md b/jas/02/12.md index 08ebdad06..bd3d43a91 100644 --- a/jas/02/12.md +++ b/jas/02/12.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **So speak and obey...** - James commanded the people to do this. "So you must speak and obey...". * **who are about to be judged by the law of liberty** - "who know that the law of liberty will soon judge them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **by the law** - Here, the law is given the attributes of a human judge. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **the law of liberty ** - the law of liberty - "the law that gives true freedom" -* **mercy triumphs over ** - mercy triumphs over - "mercy is better than" or "mercy defeats" +* **the law of liberty ** - "the law that gives true freedom" +* **mercy triumphs over ** - "mercy is better than" or "mercy defeats" diff --git a/jas/02/14.md b/jas/02/14.md index 83196ce9c..597d44972 100644 --- a/jas/02/14.md +++ b/jas/02/14.md @@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **What good is it, my brothers, if someone say he has faith, but he has no works?** - James is using a rhetorical question to teach his audience. You could translate it as "It is no good at all, fellow believers, if someone says he has faith, but he has no works." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **What good is it, my brothers, if someone say he has faith, but he has no works?** - James is using a rhetorical question to teach his audience. AT: "It is no good at all, fellow believers, if someone says he has faith, but he has no works." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **someone says he** - James is indirectly quoting someone who is speaking. "He" refers to the someone who is speaking. ([[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) -* **Can that faith save him?** - This is a rhetorical question used to teach James' audience. It can be translated as "That kind of faith will not save him." -* **save him ** - save him - "spare him from God's judgment" -* **If a brother...what good is that?** - Verses 15-16 are a rhetorical question used to teach James' audience. You could translate as "It is not good at all if a brother..." +* **Can that faith save him?** - This is a rhetorical question used to teach James' audience. AT: "That kind of faith will not save him." +* **save him ** - "spare him from God's judgment" +* **If a brother...what good is that?** - Verses 15-16 are a rhetorical question used to teach James' audience. AT: "It is not good at all if a brother..." * **brother or sister** - "brother or sister in Christ" -* **one of you says ** - one of you says - "you say" -* **is dead ** - is dead - "is worthless." +* **one of you says ** - "you say" +* **is dead ** - "is worthless." diff --git a/jas/02/18.md b/jas/02/18.md index a6f8587ab..93513646a 100644 --- a/jas/02/18.md +++ b/jas/02/18.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Yet someone will say** - James describes a hypothetical situation where someone objects to his teaching in 2:14-17. James names this person "foolish man" in verse 20. The purpose of this hypothetical discussion is to correct his audience's understanding of faith and works. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) -* **"You have faith, and I have works.** - James is describing a likely objection someone may have to his teaching. It can be translated as "it is acceptable if one person has faith and another person does good deeds." +* **"You have faith, and I have works.** - James is describing a likely objection someone may have to his teaching. AT: "it is acceptable if one person has faith and another person does good deeds." * **Show me your faith** - the word "me" refers to James -* **the demons also...tremble ** - the demons also...tremble - "shake with fear" -* **Do you even want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is useless?** - Do you even want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is useless? This is a rhetorical question used to scold the person who will not listen to James. You could translate it as "You fool! You do not even want to listen to me prove that faith without works is useless." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **the demons also...tremble ** - "shake with fear" +* **Do you even want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is useless?** - This is a rhetorical question used to scold the person who will not listen to James. AT: "You fool! You do not even want to listen to me prove that faith without works is useless." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/jas/02/21.md b/jas/02/21.md index eff2f97c0..98b3572b6 100644 --- a/jas/02/21.md +++ b/jas/02/21.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **Was not Abraham our patriarch justified** - This rhetorical question is used to rebut the foolish man's arguments from James [[:en:bible:notes:jas:02:18]] who refuses to believe that faith and works go together. You could translate it as "Abraham our patriarch was certainly justified."(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **You see that faith** - the word "you" is singular referring to the hypothetical man. Yet James is addressing his whole audience through this one person. +* **You see that faith** - The word "you" is singular referring to the hypothetical man. Yet James is addressing his whole audience through this one person. * **you see that faith** - The word "see" is a metonym. It can be translated as "understand." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]). * **by works his faith achieved its purpose** - "his actions made his faith complete" * **The scripture was fulfilled** - This is a passive which can be translated as "This fulfilled the scripture." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **it was credited to him as righteousness ** - it was credited to him as righteousness - "God regarded his faith as righteousness." -* **You see that by works** - You see that by works James is back to addressing his audience directly by using the plural form of "you". +* **it was credited to him as righteousness ** - "God regarded his faith as righteousness." +* **You see that by works** - James again addresses his audience directly by using the plural form of "you". * **by works a man is justified** - "actions and faith justify a person" diff --git a/jas/03/01.md b/jas/03/01.md index aefac2058..e91627d24 100644 --- a/jas/03/01.md +++ b/jas/03/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **many of you** - The word "you" refers to James' audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]). -* **my brothers ** - my brothers - "my fellow believers" +* **my brothers ** - "my fellow believers" * **knowing that** - "because" * **we will receive greater judgment** - The reason God will judge teachers can be translated with additional explicit information as "God will judge us more severely because we have no excuses when we sin since we know and understand his word better than other people." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **we will receive** - James is grouping those who teach the scriptures with him. Though some of the believers who would receive this letter would be teachers of the scripture, most would not. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) diff --git a/jas/03/03.md b/jas/03/03.md index 3c891c10b..9081509e2 100644 --- a/jas/03/03.md +++ b/jas/03/03.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ * **Now if we put the horses' bits** - James compares a person's tongue to a bit. A bit is a small piece of metal that is placed in a horse's mouth to control where it goes. This describes how small things can have power over something bigger. James is showing that what people say affects their lives and the lives of everyone they know. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Now if** - "if" or "when" * **if we put the horses' bits into their mouths** - A "horse" is a large animal used to carry things. This could be translated as "if we put bits into horses' mouths." -* **Notice also that ships…are steered by a very small rudder** - Notice also that ships…are steered by a very small rudder- Next, James compares a person's tongue with a rudder on a ship. A "ship" is like a truck that floats on water. A "rudder" is a small piece of wood or metal at the back of the ship used to control where it goes. The word "rudder" could also be translated as "tool." James is making the same point as he was with the horse's bit. A small thing can have power over something much bigger. +* **Notice also that ships…are steered by a very small rudder** - Next, James compares a person's tongue with a rudder on a ship. A "ship" is like a truck that floats on water. A "rudder" is a small piece of wood or metal at the back of the ship used to control where it goes. The word "rudder" could also be translated as "tool." James is making the same point as he was with the horse's bit. A small thing can have power over something much bigger. * **they are so large** - The word "they" refers to the ships. * **are driven by strong winds** - This can be translated with an active verb: "strong winds push them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **are steered by a very small rudder wherever the pilot desires to turn** - This can be translated with an active verb: "have a small tool that a person can use to control where the ship goes" diff --git a/jas/03/05.md b/jas/03/05.md index ced4b9300..f72576a6e 100644 --- a/jas/03/05.md +++ b/jas/03/05.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * **Likewise** - "In the same way." This compares the tongue to the horses' bits and the ships' rudders in the previous verses. * **boasts great things** - "a person can use it to speak very evil things" -* **Notice how great** - Notice how great- "Think about how great" +* **Notice how great** - "Think about how great" * **how great a forest is kindled by a spark!** - This can be translated as an active clause: "a small flame can start a fire that burns many trees!" (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **tongue is also a fire** - Just as a fire consumes and destroys all it burns, the tongue, referring to what a person says (metonymy) can deeply hurt people (metaphor). Alternate translation: "the tongue is like a fire." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **a world of sinfulness set among our body parts** - Alternate translation: "It is a small part of our body but it is capable of sinning in all kinds of ways." diff --git a/jas/03/07.md b/jas/03/07.md index 9dda11351..125184ec5 100644 --- a/jas/03/07.md +++ b/jas/03/07.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Every kind of wild animal, bird, reptile, and sea creature is being tamed and has been tamed by mankind** - The phrase "every kind" is a hyperbole that means "many kinds." This can be translated as an active clause: "People have learned to control many kinds of wild animals, birds, reptiles, and sea creatures." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **reptile ** - reptile - This is an animal that crawls on the ground. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) +* **reptile ** - This is an animal that crawls on the ground. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **sea creature** - This is an animal that lives in water. * **no one among man is able to tame the tongue** - Here, the word "tongue" is a metonym that refers to what a person says. The full meaning can be stated explicitly: "no person without God's help can control the tongue." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **restless evil, full of deadly poison** - This is a metaphor which describes how a person can use their spoken words to hurt someone. It can be translated as "like an evil creature that never sleeps and it is ready to attack." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jas/03/13.md b/jas/03/13.md index e1f6399a4..f23a9fba2 100644 --- a/jas/03/13.md +++ b/jas/03/13.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Who among you is wise and understanding? Let that person** - James uses this rhetorical question to teach his audience about proper behavior. Also, "wise and understanding" is a doublet. This could be translated as "The person who thinks he is wise should." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Who among you is wise and understanding? Let that person** - James uses this question to teach his audience about proper behavior. The words "wise" and "understanding" mean basically the same thing. AT: "The person who thinks he is wise should" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **demonstrate a good life** - "show good behavior" or "show it" * **by his works in the humility that comes from wisdom** - "with his good deeds and humility that comes from having true wisdom" * **have bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your heart** - "heart" refers to emotions or thoughts. Alternative translation: "will not share with others and you always put yourself first." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/jas/03/15.md b/jas/03/15.md index 3fe05b001..836f83aa4 100644 --- a/jas/03/15.md +++ b/jas/03/15.md @@ -11,17 +11,17 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This is not** - This is not- This refers to the unwise envy and selfish ambition described in the previous verses. +* **This is not** - This refers to the unwise envy and selfish ambition described in the previous verses. * **comes down from above** - "comes down from God" or "comes down from Heaven" -* **is earthly ** - is earthly - The word "earthly" refers to the values and behaviors of the people who do not honor God. Alternate translation: "not honoring to God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **unspiritual ** - unspiritual - "not from the Holy Spirit" or "not spiritual" +* **is earthly ** - The word "earthly" refers to the values and behaviors of the people who do not honor God. Alternate translation: "not honoring to God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **unspiritual ** - "not from the Holy Spirit" or "not spiritual" * **demonic** - "but is from demons" * **For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist** - "For wherever there are people who only care about themselves and not others" * **there is confusion** - "There is disorder" or "there is chaos" * **every vile practice** - "every kind of sinful behavior" or "every kind of wicked deed" * **is first pure** - "is first holy" -* **then peace-loving** - "then peaceful" -* **warm-hearted** - "kind" or "thoughtful" +* **then peace-loving** - loving** - "then peaceful" +* **warm-hearted** - hearted** - "kind" or "thoughtful" * **and good fruit** - This is a comparison of good fruit is liken to one who does good works. Alternated translation: "good works." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **sincere** - "honest" or "truthful" * **And the fruit of righteousness is planted in peace for those who make peace.** - This metaphor compares peace and righteousness in our lives to planting and harvesting crops. Alternate Translation: "Those who live in peace are doing what God says is right." diff --git a/jas/04/01.md b/jas/04/01.md index 1421e71b8..32c6f7cfe 100644 --- a/jas/04/01.md +++ b/jas/04/01.md @@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Where does the quarreling and disputing among yourselves come from?** - This is a rhetorical question that James uses to teach and rebuke his audience. Also, "quarreling and disputing" is a doublet. They say the same thing different ways for emphasis. This can be translated as: "I know why you are constantly arguing with each other." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Where does the quarreling and disputing among yourselves come from?** - This is a rhetorical question that James uses to teach and rebuke his audience. AT: "I know why you are constantly arguing with each other." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **quarreling and disputing** - The words "quarreling" and "disputing" mean basically the same thing. James uses them to emphasize that he is speaking of any kind of conflict between people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **yourselves…your…you** - In 4:1-3 these pronouns are plural and refers to James' audience. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Does it not arise out of your evil desires** - Does it not arise out of your evil desires This is a rhetorical question which James uses to rebuke his audience. It can be translated as a statement: "It arises out of your evil desires" or "It is because of your evil desires." +* **Does it not arise out of your evil desires** - This is a rhetorical question which James uses to rebuke his audience. It can be translated as a statement: "It arises out of your evil desires" or "It is because of your evil desires." * **evil desires that war** - Here James personifies "evil desires" as a soldier that fights against the believers. It can be translated as "the things you want are evil and you do not care about the needs of other believers." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **among your fellow believers?** - "in your members." Possible meanings are 1) There is fighting among the local believers or 2) The fighting is internal, between your desire to do evil and good. * **You desire what you do not have** - "You always want what you do not have." * **You kill and you chase** - "You kill" is a hyperbole to emphasize how badly they behave in order to get what they want. It can be translated as "You do all kinds of evil things to get what you cannot have." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **You fight and quarrel** - This is a doublet that says the same thing in different ways for emphasis. It could be translated as "You constantly fight." -* **you ask for bad things** - "you asked badly (wrongly)." Possible meanings are 1) "you ask with wrong motives, you attitudes are bad" or 2) " you are asking for wrong or bad things." +* **You fight and quarrel** - The word "fight" and "quarrel" mean basically the same thing. James uses them to emphasize how much the people argue among themselves. AT: "You constantly fight." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **you ask for bad things** - "you asked badly (wrongly)." Possible meanings are 1) "you ask with wrong motives, your attitudes are bad" or 2) "you are asking for wrong or bad things." * **spend them** - "waste them" diff --git a/jas/04/04.md b/jas/04/04.md index 08ca63504..af162c099 100644 --- a/jas/04/04.md +++ b/jas/04/04.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **You adulteresses!** - This is a metaphor that compares believers who do not obey God with a wife who has sex with a man that is not her husband. This could be translated as "You are not being loyal to God!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Don't you know** - This is a rhetorical question that James uses to teach his audience. Alternate translation: "You know." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **friendship with the world** - "friendship with the world" refers to identify with or participate in the world's value system and behavior. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]). -* **is hostility against God** - is hostility against God To be part of the world's value system is to be against God. Alternated translation: "to act like those who dishonor God is to be someone who opposes God." +* **is hostility against God** - To be part of the world's value system is to be against God. Alternated translation: "to act like those who dishonor God is to be someone who opposes God." * **to be a friend of the world** - "to act like those who dishonor God" * **Or do you think the scripture is useless** - This is a rhetorical question James uses to exhort his audience. It can be translated as a statement: "Scripture is true." * **the spirit God placed in us is now filled with deep longing** - There are several issues that are not clear in this verse. Is "spirit" the Holy Spirit or a human spirit? Does God or the spirit have the "deep longing"? Is the "deep longing" good or evil? Does the rhetorical question expect a "yes" or "no" answer? This uncertainty results in at least five possible meanings: 1) "yes, God deeply longs for the human spirit he put in us" or 2) "yes, God deeply longs for the Holy Spirit he place in us" or 3) "yes, the human spirit that God placed in us has evil desires" or 4) "yes, the Holy Spirit that God placed in us deeply longs for us" or 5) "no, the Holy Spirit that God placed in us is not jealous." We suggest that you use the meaning that is presented in other translations used by your readers. diff --git a/jas/04/08.md b/jas/04/08.md index 0d1e0e5cb..85652943e 100644 --- a/jas/04/08.md +++ b/jas/04/08.md @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ * **Cleanse your hands** - Possible meanings are 1) for a person clean up their behavior or actions or 2) for a person to repent and confess their sinful behavior or actions. It could be translated as "behave in a way that honors God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **purify your hearts** - Here, "hearts" is a metonym that refers to a person's thoughts and emotions. This could be translated as "let your thoughts honor God." * **doubleminded** - The word "doubleminded" is a metonym that refers to a person's thoughts when he is unable to make a decision. Here it can be also translated as "doubleminded people" or "people who cannot decide if you want to obey God or not." -* **Grieve and mourn** - This is saying the same thing in different ways for emphasis. It could be translated as "Grieve deeply." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Grieve and mourn and cry** - The words "Grieve" and "mourn" mean basically the same thing. James uses them together to emphasize that the people should grieve deeply. The word "cry" shows that the people are grieving. AT: "Grieve deeply and cry" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **Turn your laughter into sorrow and your joy to gloom** - This is saying the same thing in different ways for emphasis. This could be translated as "Immediately, stop all your laughing and start telling God you are sorry." -* **Humble yourselves before the Lord -** - "Be humble toward God" +* **Humble yourselves before the Lord -** - ** "Be humble toward God" * **he will lift you up** - This is an idiom that can be translated as "he will give you honor." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/jas/04/13.md b/jas/04/13.md index 8a4d3f87c..dd8a29874 100644 --- a/jas/04/13.md +++ b/jas/04/13.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **spend a year** - This is an idiom that can be translated as "stay there for a year." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Listen, you who say -** - "Someone might say" -* ** Who knows what will happen tomorrow** - Who knows what will happen tomorrow This is a rhetorical question that James uses to scold his audience. It can be translated as a statement: "No one knows what will happen tomorrow." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Listen, you who say -** - ** "Someone might say" +* ** Who knows what will happen tomorrow** - This is a rhetorical question that James uses to scold his audience. It can be translated as a statement: "No one knows what will happen tomorrow." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **and what is your life anyway** - This is a rhetorical question that James uses to teach his audience about physical life. It can be translated as a statement and as a new sentence: "Think about your physical lives." * **For you are like a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.** - This is a simile that compares how quickly physical lives are quickly end to a mist that appears then quickly goes away. This could be translated as "You live for only a short amount of time, and you do not know when you will die." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/jas/05/01.md b/jas/05/01.md index c07d87892..24e597cc9 100644 --- a/jas/05/01.md +++ b/jas/05/01.md @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you who are rich -** - This is not the rich group of believers as in 1:10. Here, James is talking to rich people who do not honor God. This can be made explicit: "you who are rich and do not honor God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **you who are rich -** - ** This is not the rich group of believers as in 1:10. Here, James is talking to rich people who do not honor God. This can be made explicit: "you who are rich and do not honor God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the miseries coming upon you** - When this is coming upon the rich people can be made explict: "the terrible things coming to you when God judges everyone." -* **Your riches have rotted and your clothes are moth-eaten. Your gold and your silver have become worthless** - James does not mean these riches and clothes are already ruined physically. He is showing they have no spiritual value in the present and they will certainly only last for a little while. This could be translated as "all the things you thought were valuable and made you important are worthless and will only last for a little while." +* **Your riches have rotted and your clothes are moth-eaten. Your gold and your silver have become worthless** - eaten. Your gold and your silver have become worthless** - James does not mean these riches and clothes are already ruined physically. He is showing they have no spiritual value in the present and they will certainly only last for a little while. This could be translated as "all the things you thought were valuable and made you important are worthless and will only last for a little while." * **and their corrosion will testify against you** - Here, "will testify against your" describes these ruined treasures as a person who goes before a judge and accuses a person of breaking the law. This could be translated as "and when God judges you all of your ruined treasures will be like a person accusing you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **and consume your flesh like fire** - Here, the ruined treasures are compared to a fire that destroys everything. Also, "fire" is a metaphor that refers to God's punishment. This could be translated as "and they will be the reason God punishes you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **hoarded your treasure** - "you have kept all these treasures to yourself and would not share with others" diff --git a/jas/05/12.md b/jas/05/12.md index 533231760..77100a6da 100644 --- a/jas/05/12.md +++ b/jas/05/12.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **Above all** - This is an idiom that can be translated as "This is important" or "Especially" * **my brothers** - "my fellow believers" * ** do not swear** - to "swear" is to say that you will do it and to be held accountable by a higher authority. alternate translation: "do not make an oath" or "do not make a vow." -* **either by heaven nor by the earth -** - The words "heaven" and "earth" are metonyms that refers to the powers that are in heaven and earth. See UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **either by heaven nor by the earth -** - ** The words "heaven" and "earth" are metonyms that refers to the powers that are in heaven and earth. See UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **your "Yes" mean "Yes" and your "No" mean "No"** - This could be translated as "do what you say you will do without making an oath." * **so you will not fall under judgment** - "so God will not punish you" diff --git a/jdg/01/01.md b/jdg/01/01.md index 927573267..b440e6e1f 100644 --- a/jdg/01/01.md +++ b/jdg/01/01.md @@ -1,13 +1,23 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:brother]] +* [[en:tw:brother|brother]] * [[en:tw:canaan]] +* [[en:tw:canaan|Canaan, Canaanite]] +* [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:israel]] +* [[en:tw:israel|Israel, Israelites, nation of Israel]] * [[en:tw:joshua]] +* [[en:tw:joshua|Joshua]] * [[en:tw:judah]] +* [[en:tw:judah|Judah]] +* [[en:tw:peoplegroup]] * [[en:tw:simeon]] +* [[en:tw:simeon|Simeon]] * [[en:tw:tribe]] +* [[en:tw:tribe|tribe]] * [[en:tw:yahweh]] +* [[en:tw:yahweh|Yahweh]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/jdg/01/08.md b/jdg/01/08.md index 77f3dd678..851ebe263 100644 --- a/jdg/01/08.md +++ b/jdg/01/08.md @@ -1,11 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:canaan]] +* [[en:tw:canaan|Canaan, Canaanite]] +* [[en:tw:fire]] * [[en:tw:hebron]] +* [[en:tw:hebron|Hebron]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:jerusalem|Jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:judah]] +* [[en:tw:judah|Judah]] * [[en:tw:negev]] +* [[en:tw:negev|Negev]] * [[en:tw:sword]] +* [[en:tw:sword|sword]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/jdg/03/04.md b/jdg/03/04.md index ea3c0d922..c845a900d 100644 --- a/jdg/03/04.md +++ b/jdg/03/04.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **These nations were left** - AT: "These nations were not destroyed" or "Yahweh let these nations continue living there" -* **as a means** - AT: "as a way" +* **These nations were left** - "These nations were not destroyed" +* **as a means** - "as a way" * **whether they would...gave their ancestors** - The words "they" and "their" refer to the people of Israel. * **the commands he gave** - The word "he" refers to Yahweh. AT: "the commands Yahweh gave" diff --git a/jhn/01/04.md b/jhn/01/04.md index 884f2163c..5a8739ef5 100644 --- a/jhn/01/04.md +++ b/jhn/01/04.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **In him was life** - "This one who is called the Word - he is the one who caused everything to live." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **that life was the light of all mankind** - "he revealed to us the truth about God as a light reveals what is in the darkness." +* **that life was the light of all mankind** - AT: "he revealed to us the truth about God as a light reveals what is in the darkness" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **The light shines in the darkness and the darkness did not extinguish it** - "People do not want him to reveal that what they do is evil, just like darkness is evil, but just like darkness cannot put out light, evil people have never prevented the one who is like a light from revealing God's truth." diff --git a/jhn/01/09.md b/jhn/01/09.md index 9720c75d9..45fa03e8c 100644 --- a/jhn/01/09.md +++ b/jhn/01/09.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **illumines ** - illumines - "gives light to" +* **illumines ** - "gives light to" diff --git a/jhn/01/14.md b/jhn/01/14.md index 5c08eb695..3a26c9ae7 100644 --- a/jhn/01/14.md +++ b/jhn/01/14.md @@ -4,10 +4,14 @@ * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:grace]] -* [[en:tw:johntheapostle]] +* [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:testimony]] * [[en:tw:true]] * [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes * **full of grace** - "always acts kindly toward us in ways we do not deserve" +* **The one who comes after me** - John is speaking about Jesus. The phrase "comes after me" means that John's ministry has already started and Jesus' will start after him. +* **ranks before me** - "is greater than I am" or "is more important than I am" +* **for he was before me** - Be careful not to translate this in a way that suggests Jesus is more important just because he is older than John. Jesus is greater and more important than John because he is God the son who has always been alive and rules over everything along with God the Father. diff --git a/jhn/01/16.md b/jhn/01/16.md index 652362b1e..491343842 100644 --- a/jhn/01/16.md +++ b/jhn/01/16.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **fullness** - This word refers to God's grace that has no end. * **free gift after free gift** - "blessing after blessing" -* **The one and only person, himself God ** - The one and only person, himself God - This can mean 1) "the one and only God" or 2) "the one and only Son." +* **The one and only person, himself God ** - This can mean 1) "the one and only God" or 2) "the one and only Son." * **who is in the bosom of the Father** - "who is constantly with the Father," implying a close relationship (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jhn/01/19.md b/jhn/01/19.md index 8c87faf35..333b3527d 100644 --- a/jhn/01/19.md +++ b/jhn/01/19.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **and did not deny ** - and did not deny - "He told them the truth and clearly stated" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **He freely stated, and did not deny** - The second phrase says in negative terms the same thing that the first phrase says in positive terms. This emphasizes that John was telling the truth. AT: "He told them the truth freely" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **What are you then?** - "What then is the case, if you are not the Messiah?" or "What then is going on?" or "What then are you doing?" diff --git a/jhn/01/26.md b/jhn/01/26.md index 5d66c60b7..1e2a9d38f 100644 --- a/jhn/01/26.md +++ b/jhn/01/26.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **This is the one who is coming after me.** - "He will preach to you after I am gone." -* **I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandal ** - I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandal - John is saying that he does not deserve to do the most unpleasant work of a servant. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandal ** - John is saying that he does not deserve to do the most unpleasant work of a servant. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jhn/01/37.md b/jhn/01/37.md index 34e2bfefc..ef14fcd06 100644 --- a/jhn/01/37.md +++ b/jhn/01/37.md @@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **tenth hour ** - tenth hour - This phrase indicates a time in the afternoon, before dark, that would be too late for them to travel to another town. +* **tenth hour ** - This phrase indicates a time in the afternoon, before dark, that would be too late for them to travel to another town. diff --git a/jhn/02/17.md b/jhn/02/17.md index 225921da2..6085a4f4b 100644 --- a/jhn/02/17.md +++ b/jhn/02/17.md @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:authority]] +* [[en:tw:houseofgod]] +* [[en:tw:jewishleaders]] +* [[en:tw:raise]] * [[en:tw:sign]] * [[en:tw:written]] * [[en:tw:zealous]] @@ -9,4 +12,6 @@ * **your house** - This term refers to the temple, God's house. * **consume** - This means "completely take over." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **these things** - refers to Jesus spoiling the business of the temple. +* **these things** - This refers to Jesus's actions against the money changers in the temple. +* **Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up** - Jesus is referring to his own body as the temple that will die and come back to life three days later. But, it is important to translate this with words normally used to describe tearing down and rebuilding a building. +* **Destroy this temple, and in three days...** - Jesus is not commanding the people to go and tear down the temple. If this is confusing in your language you could translate it as "If you destroy this temple, in three days...." diff --git a/jhn/03/29.md b/jhn/03/29.md index 86ac4d844..e6b4e8684 100644 --- a/jhn/03/29.md +++ b/jhn/03/29.md @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* John the Baptist continues speaking. * **He who has the bride is the bridegroom** - "The bridegroom marries the bride." or "The groom has the bride." * **This, then, is my joy made complete** - "So then I rejoice greatly" or "So I rejoice much." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **my joy** - The word "my" refers to John the Baptist, the one who is speaking. diff --git a/jhn/03/31.md b/jhn/03/31.md index 03adf88bc..08be8b29f 100644 --- a/jhn/03/31.md +++ b/jhn/03/31.md @@ -3,13 +3,17 @@ * [[en:tw:earth]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] +* [[en:tw:receive]] * [[en:tw:testimony]] * [[en:tw:true]] ## translationNotes -* **He who is of the earth is** - AT: "A person on earth is" or "Someone on earth is" -* **He who comes from heaven** - "He" refers to Jesus -* **No man accepts his testimony** - "Very few people accept his testimony" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **He who has received his testimony** - "He" refers to a person. "A person who listens to Jesus" +* John the Baptist continues speaking. +* **He who comes from above is above all** - John is speaking about Jesus. AT: "He who comes from heaven rules over everything" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **He who is of the earth is from the earth and speaks of earthly things** - John is contrasting himself with Jesus. John does not mean that since he is born on the earth that he is evil. He means that Jesus is greater than he is since Jesus is from heaven and John was born on the earth. AT: "He who is born in this world is like everyone else who lives in the world and he speaks about what happens in this world" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **He who comes from heaven is above all** - This means the same thing as the first sentence. John repeats this for emphasis. +* **He testifies to what he has seen and heard** - John is speaking about Jesus. AT: "The one from heaven tells about what he has seen and heard in heaven" +* **no man accepts his testimony** - AT: "very few people believe him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **He who has received his testimony** - "He" refers to any person. "A person who believes what Jesus" * **has confirmed** - "proves" or "agrees" diff --git a/jhn/03/34.md b/jhn/03/34.md index bd1391daa..46cbe479a 100644 --- a/jhn/03/34.md +++ b/jhn/03/34.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* John the Baptist continues speaking. * **For the one whom God has sent** - "This Jesus, whom God has sent to represent him" * **For he does not give the Spirit by measure.** - "Because he is the one to whom God gave all the power of his Spirit." * **He that believes** - "A person who believes" or "Anyone who believes" diff --git a/jhn/04/21.md b/jhn/04/21.md index 57d49018f..8f6674c0d 100644 --- a/jhn/04/21.md +++ b/jhn/04/21.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **We worship that which we know, for salvation is from the Jews** - "We-excl know him, because the one who will save people from God's punishment - he was born a Jew." +* **You people worship what you do not know. We worship that which we know** - Jesus means that God revealed himself and his commands to the Jewish people, not to the Samaritans. Through the scriptures the Jewish people know who God is better than the Samaritans. +* **for salvation is from the Jews** - This does not mean the Jewish people will save others from their sins. It means God has chosen the Jews as his special people that will tell all other people about his salvation. AT: "for all people will know about God's salvation because of the Jews" diff --git a/jhn/04/23.md b/jhn/04/23.md index 5ce44dcd7..4cdd43d3e 100644 --- a/jhn/04/23.md +++ b/jhn/04/23.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **However, the hour is coming, and now is here, when** - Alternate translation - "But the time has already arrived when" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **However, the hour is coming, and now is here, when** - AT: "But the time has already arrived when" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **worship in spirit** - "worship as his Spirit directs" diff --git a/jhn/04/43.md b/jhn/04/43.md index 343f050f6..817bc8ed3 100644 --- a/jhn/04/43.md +++ b/jhn/04/43.md @@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **For Jesus himself declared** - The word "himself" is added for additional emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_rpronouns]]) +* ** a prophet has no honor in his own country** - “people do not show respect or honor to a prophet of their own country” or “a prophet is not respected by the people in his community” diff --git a/jhn/05/05.md b/jhn/05/05.md index f1f0e3c5b..01744de2f 100644 --- a/jhn/05/05.md +++ b/jhn/05/05.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **was there** - "was at Bethesda pool" ([[:en:bible:notes:jhn:05:01]]) -* **thirty-eight years** - "38 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **thirty-eight years** - eight years** - "38 years" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **he realized** - "he understood" diff --git a/jhn/06/19.md b/jhn/06/19.md index f086dae60..672f33c5c 100644 --- a/jhn/06/19.md +++ b/jhn/06/19.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **the disciples had rowed** - Boats usually had two, four or six people rowing with rowers on each side working together. Your culture may have different ways of making a boat go across a large body of water. -* **about twenty-five or thirty stadia** - "about five or six kilometers." A "stadium" is 185 meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) +* **about twenty-five or thirty stadia** - five or thirty stadia** - "about five or six kilometers." A "stadium" is 185 meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) diff --git a/jhn/06/46.md b/jhn/06/46.md index 609bed80b..65e34e663 100644 --- a/jhn/06/46.md +++ b/jhn/06/46.md @@ -7,5 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus now continues speaking to all those listening to him ([[:en:bible:notes:jhn:06:32]]). -* **Not that any man has seen the Father,...he has seen the Father** - Possible meanings: 1) John is adding his own words. You can use words that show that this is an important part of the story here. (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:discourse:background]]) or 2) Jesus is correcting possible misunderstandings of [[:en:bible:notes:jhn:06:43]]. * **Truly, truly** - Translate this as you did in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:01:49]]. diff --git a/jhn/07/30.md b/jhn/07/30.md index 0f36a5e4d..c6fc9cd2c 100644 --- a/jhn/07/30.md +++ b/jhn/07/30.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **When the Christ comes, will he do more signs than what this man has done ** - When the Christ comes, will he do more signs than what this man has done - "When the Christ comes, he will not be able to do more signs than this man has done." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **When the Christ comes, will he do more signs than what this man has done ** - "When the Christ comes, he will not be able to do more signs than this man has done." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/jhn/07/45.md b/jhn/07/45.md index 9592feb1a..41c18b743 100644 --- a/jhn/07/45.md +++ b/jhn/07/45.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **officers** - refers to Temple guards -* **Why did you not bring him?** - Why did you not bring him? "You" here refers to the Temple guards. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) +* **Why did you not bring him** - "You" here refers to the Temple guards. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) diff --git a/jhn/07/47.md b/jhn/07/47.md index 839aae80e..2427505cc 100644 --- a/jhn/07/47.md +++ b/jhn/07/47.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **"The Pharisees therefore answered them"** - "them" references the temple officers * **"Have you also been led astray?"** - "you have been led astray too." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **"led astray"** - "led astray"- deceived +* **"led astray"** - deceived * **"Have any of the rulers believed in him, or any of the Pharisees?** - "None of the rulers or Pharisees have believed in him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/jhn/07/53.md b/jhn/07/53.md index 15f2637b5..d774a31a6 100644 --- a/jhn/07/53.md +++ b/jhn/07/53.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11 - Some early texts have these verses but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) -* **every man** - every man- This refers to all the men mentioned in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:07:45]]. +* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11** - Some early texts do not have these verses. The ULB has set them apart in square brackets ([ ]) to show that John probably did not write them. Translators are encouraged to translate them, to set them apart with square brackets, and to include a footnote at the end like the one written on [[en:bible:notes:jhn:08:09]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_textvariants]]) +* **every man** - This refers to all the men mentioned in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:07:45]]. diff --git a/jhn/08/01.md b/jhn/08/01.md index 7c7c30aa5..da65aa83b 100644 --- a/jhn/08/01.md +++ b/jhn/08/01.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11 - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) +* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11** - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) * **all the people** - "many people" * **a woman caught in the act of adultery** - "a woman that they had found committing adultery" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/jhn/08/04.md b/jhn/08/04.md index 604ac9e2d..9676d9493 100644 --- a/jhn/08/04.md +++ b/jhn/08/04.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11 - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) +* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11** - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) * **such persons** - "people like that" or "people who do that" * **Now in the law** - "Now" introduces background information that Jesus and the Jewish authorities understood. * **what do you say about her?** - This can also be translated as a command. "So you tell us. What should we do about her?" diff --git a/jhn/08/07.md b/jhn/08/07.md index 6785ea246..41ea7ced0 100644 --- a/jhn/08/07.md +++ b/jhn/08/07.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11 - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) +* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11** - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) * **When they continued** - The word "they" refers to the scribes and Pharisees. (See [[en:bible:notes:jhn:08:01]]) * **He who is without sin among you** - "If any of you is without sin" or "If any one of you has never sinned" * **among you** - Jesus was speaking to the scribes and Pharisees, and probably the crowd of people too. diff --git a/jhn/08/09.md b/jhn/08/09.md index aad244694..af1a71649 100644 --- a/jhn/08/09.md +++ b/jhn/08/09.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11 - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) +* **7:53 - 8:11** - 8:11** - Some early texts have these verses, but others do not. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) * **one by one** - "one after another" * **Woman, where are your accusers** - When Jesus called her "woman," he was not putting her down or making her feel small. If people would think that he was doing that, this could be translated without the word "Woman." diff --git a/jhn/08/12.md b/jhn/08/12.md index 8c3e0c0d1..12b217d5a 100644 --- a/jhn/08/12.md +++ b/jhn/08/12.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I am the light of the world** - See how you translated "light" in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:01:04]]. Alternate translation "I am the one who gives light to the world." -* **the world** - "the people of the world" +* **I am the light of the world** - "I am the one who gives light to the world." This means Jesus brings God's true message to the world and rescues people from the darkness of their sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the world** - AT: "the people of the world" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **he who follows me** - "Everyone who follows me." This is a figurative way of saying "Everyone who does what I teach" or "Everyone who obeys me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **will not walk in the darkness** - "Walking in darkness" is a figurative way of talking about living sinfully. Alternate translation "will not live as if he was in darkness." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **will not walk in the darkness** - "Walking in darkness" is a figurative way of talking about living sinfully. AT: "will not live as if he were in darkness" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **you bear witness about yourself** - "You are just saying these things about yourself" * **your witness is not true** - "your witness is not valid." "You cannot be your own witness" or "What you say about yourself may not be true." diff --git a/jhn/08/31.md b/jhn/08/31.md index ac04e34a8..8baf93202 100644 --- a/jhn/08/31.md +++ b/jhn/08/31.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **remain in my word** - "obey what I have said." (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:topics:figures:idiom]]) -* **the truth will set you free ** - the truth will set you free - "If you obey the truth, God will set you free." +* **the truth will set you free ** - "If you obey the truth, God will set you free." diff --git a/jhn/09/03.md b/jhn/09/03.md index d1e8eef5a..8e1ad3d68 100644 --- a/jhn/09/03.md +++ b/jhn/09/03.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **We** - This "we" includes both Jesus and the disciples he is talking to. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **day … Night ** - day … Night - Jesus is comparing the time when people can do God's work to daytime when people work. Jesus is comparing the time when we cannot do God's work to night time. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **day … Night ** - Jesus is comparing the time when people can do God's work to daytime when people work. Jesus is comparing the time when we cannot do God's work to night time. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **light of the world** - "the one who shows what is true just as light shows what is real". (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jhn/09/26.md b/jhn/09/26.md index 1a34c4051..be49f65dd 100644 --- a/jhn/09/26.md +++ b/jhn/09/26.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:disciple]] -* [[en:tw:moses]] +* [[en:tw:disciple|disciple]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/jhn/09/28.md b/jhn/09/28.md index 6bf44c4ed..5eebcac5e 100644 --- a/jhn/09/28.md +++ b/jhn/09/28.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:moses]] +* [[en:tw:moses|Moses]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/jhn/10/01.md b/jhn/10/01.md index 581d36c9d..c4e3118c3 100644 --- a/jhn/10/01.md +++ b/jhn/10/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * Jesus continues to speak to the Pharisees. * **Truly, truly** - Translate this as you did in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:01:49]]. * **sheepfold** - This is a fenced area where a shepherd keeps his sheep. -* **thief and a robber ** - thief and a robber - This is the use of two words with similar meanings to add emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) +* **thief and a robber ** - This is the use of two words with similar meanings to add emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) diff --git a/jhn/10/07.md b/jhn/10/07.md index ba3e231c1..f7c3a802b 100644 --- a/jhn/10/07.md +++ b/jhn/10/07.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * Jesus continues to talk to the crowd. * **Truly, truly** - Translate this as you did in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:01:49]]. * **I am the door of the sheep** - "I am the way the sheep enter into the sheepfold" Jesus is saying he is the one who allows entry. The word "sheep" is used to refer to God's people.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **All who came before me are thieves and robbers** - All who came before me are thieves and robbers- The phrase "All who came before me" refers to the other teachers who had taught before Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) Jesus calls them "thieves and robbers" because their teachings were false and they were trying to lead God's people while not understanding the truth. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **All who came before me are thieves and robbers** - The phrase "All who came before me" refers to the other teachers who had taught before Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) Jesus calls them "thieves and robbers" because their teachings were false and they were trying to lead God's people while not understanding the truth. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jhn/10/11.md b/jhn/10/11.md index f57c5dd51..a26d6b02d 100644 --- a/jhn/10/11.md +++ b/jhn/10/11.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * Jesus continues his parable about the good shepherd. * **I am the good shepherd** - "I am like a good shepherd." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **lays down his life ** - lays down his life //-// To lay something down is a way of giving up control of it. It is a mild way to refer to dying. Alternate translation: "die" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **lays down his life ** - // To lay something down is a way of giving up control of it. It is a mild way to refer to dying. Alternate translation: "die" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/jhn/10/22.md b/jhn/10/22.md index f7b21ba38..124602430 100644 --- a/jhn/10/22.md +++ b/jhn/10/22.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Festival of the Dedication** - This is an eight day winter holiday Jews use to remember a miracle where God made a small amount of oil remain lit in a lampstand until they got more oil eight days later. The lampstand was lit to dedicate the Jewish temple to God. To dedicate something is to promise to use it for a certain purpose. -* **porch ** - porch - a structure attached to the entrance of a building that has a roof and that may or may not have walls +* **porch ** - a structure attached to the entrance of a building that has a roof and that may or may not have walls diff --git a/jhn/10/34.md b/jhn/10/34.md index a2d7b1c68..bcaab966a 100644 --- a/jhn/10/34.md +++ b/jhn/10/34.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **You are gods** - Usually the word "god" would be considered a false god unless it had the large "G" in God that refers to the one true God. Here, Jesus quotes a scripture where God calls his followers gods because he has chosen them to represent Him on earth. * **Is it not written** - Jesus asks this question in order to point out information the Jewish religious leaders should already know. "It is written." (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **scripture cannot be broken ** - scripture cannot be broken - This phrase gives the picture of Scripture being something that controls us and that control cannot be broken or made loose so that we could escape from what it says is true. Alternate translation: "nothing that is in Scripture can be shown to be false"(UDB) or "Scripture is the truth" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **scripture cannot be broken ** - This phrase gives the picture of Scripture being something that controls us and that control cannot be broken or made loose so that we could escape from what it says is true. Alternate translation: "nothing that is in Scripture can be shown to be false"(UDB) or "Scripture is the truth" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/jhn/11/56.md b/jhn/11/56.md index 4476c5e3d..d45089e77 100644 --- a/jhn/11/56.md +++ b/jhn/11/56.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * If the fact that verse 57 happens before verse 56 might confuse your readers, you could combine these verses and put the text of verse 57 before the contents of verse 56. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_events]]) * **They were looking for Jesus** - The word "they" refers to the Jewish people who had traveled to Jerusalem. * **Now the chief priests** - This is background information that explains why the Jewish worshipers were wondering if Jesus would come to the festival or not. If your language has a way to mark background information, use it here. (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) -* **What do you think? That he will not come to the festival?** - What do you think? That he will not come to the festival?- The speaker here was wondering if Jesus would come to the festival even with the danger of being arrested. He asked others around them for their opinion. AT: "Do you think Jesus will be too afraid to come to the festival?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **What do you think? That he will not come to the festival?** - The speaker here was wondering if Jesus would come to the festival even with the danger of being arrested. He asked others around them for their opinion. AT: "Do you think Jesus will be too afraid to come to the festival?" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/jhn/12/04.md b/jhn/12/04.md index c3df2a6af..6a30dbe47 100644 --- a/jhn/12/04.md +++ b/jhn/12/04.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus was at dinner in Bethany when Mary put perfume on his feet. -* **the one who would betray Jesus - ** - AT: "the one who later enabled Jesus' enemies to seize him" +* **the one who would betray Jesus - ** - ** AT: "the one who later enabled Jesus' enemies to seize him" * **Now he said this…take some of what was in it for himself** - John gives an explanation as to why Judas asked the question about the poor. Translate with your form for background information if one exists. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) diff --git a/jhn/12/14.md b/jhn/12/14.md index 206d297c3..cb5b10233 100644 --- a/jhn/12/14.md +++ b/jhn/12/14.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:daughterofzion]] * [[en:tw:donkey]] * [[en:tw:written]] -* [[en:tw:zion]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/jhn/12/23.md b/jhn/12/23.md index 848f4c850..721403cf8 100644 --- a/jhn/12/23.md +++ b/jhn/12/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Truly, truly** - Truly, truly I say to you,, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it will remain by itself alone; but if it dies, it will bear much fruit. - AT: "Pay close attention to this parable that I tell to you. My life is like a seed that is planted in the earth and dies. Unless it is planted, it remains as only one seed. But when it is planted, it changes and grows to produce a harvest of many seeds." +* **Truly, truly** - AT: "Pay close attention to this parable that I tell to you. My life is like a seed that is planted in the earth and dies. Unless it is planted, it remains as only one seed. But when it is planted, it changes and grows to produce a harvest of many seeds." diff --git a/jhn/12/25.md b/jhn/12/25.md index 8dc38c024..ccb4091b3 100644 --- a/jhn/12/25.md +++ b/jhn/12/25.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He who loves his life will lose it; but he who hates his life in this world will keep it for everlasting life. ** - He who loves his life will lose it; but he who hates his life in this world will keep it for everlasting life. - AT: "In a similar way, whoever loves his own will, he destroys his life. But whoever ignores his own will, because of his submission to me, he will live with God forever." +* **He who loves his life will lose it; but he who hates his life in this world will keep it for everlasting life. ** - AT: "In a similar way, whoever loves his own will, he destroys his life. But whoever ignores his own will, because of his submission to me, he will live with God forever." diff --git a/jhn/12/34.md b/jhn/12/34.md index 7448345cb..2d0899f62 100644 --- a/jhn/12/34.md +++ b/jhn/12/34.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* ** Jesus then said to them, "Yet a little while longer is the light among you. Walk while you have the light, so that darkness does not overtake you. He who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going." - ** - AT: "Jesus then spoke to them this parable: 'My words are like a light to you, to help you understand how to live as God wants you to. I will not be with you much longer. You need to follow my instructions while I am still with you. If you reject my words, it will be as if darkness suddenly falls on you and you can't see where you are going.'" +* ** Jesus then said to them, "Yet a little while longer is the light among you. Walk while you have the light, so that darkness does not overtake you. He who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going." - ** - ** AT: "Jesus then spoke to them this parable: 'My words are like a light to you, to help you understand how to live as God wants you to. I will not be with you much longer. You need to follow my instructions while I am still with you. If you reject my words, it will be as if darkness suddenly falls on you and you can't see where you are going.'" diff --git a/jhn/12/37.md b/jhn/12/37.md index ea91647b1..cbf22024a 100644 --- a/jhn/12/37.md +++ b/jhn/12/37.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **"Lord, who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?" ** - "Lord, who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?" - AT: "Lord, no one has believed our report, even though they have seen that you are powerfully able to save them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **"Lord, who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?" ** - AT: "Lord, no one has believed our report, even though they have seen that you are powerfully able to save them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the arm of the Lord** - This refers to the Lord's ability to rescue with power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/jhn/12/48.md b/jhn/12/48.md index 5e6c23022..2b2ea77f0 100644 --- a/jhn/12/48.md +++ b/jhn/12/48.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **last day ** - last day - "time when God judges peoples' sins" +* **last day ** - "time when God judges peoples' sins" * **I know that his command is life everlasting** - "I know that the words that he commanded me to say, they are the words that give life forever. diff --git a/jhn/15/01.md b/jhn/15/01.md index 02b95cc1f..078d0eadd 100644 --- a/jhn/15/01.md +++ b/jhn/15/01.md @@ -7,4 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes +* Jesus continues speaking to the disciples. +* **I am the true vine** - Jesus compares himself to a vine or a vine stem. He means that he is the source of life that causes people to live in a way that pleases God. AT: "I am like a trustworthy vine that will produce good fruit" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **and my Father is the vine grower** - A "vine grower" is a person who takes care of the vine to ensure it is as fruitful as possible. God the Father takes care of Jesus and makes sure those who follow him live in a pleasing manner. AT: "my Father is like a gardener" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **He takes away every branch in me that bears no fruit, and he cleans every branch that bears fruit so that it may bear more fruit.** - People are like the branches connected to the vine. God cares for them so that those who belong to Jesus will be able to live in a way that is pleasing to him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **takes away** - Most version understand this to mean "cut off and take away" (UDB). There is also a minority view that it means to lift of the branches from the ground so they will begin to produce fruit. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jhn/17/03.md b/jhn/17/03.md index 313db64ff..d235eedc5 100644 --- a/jhn/17/03.md +++ b/jhn/17/03.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * Jesus continues to pray * **that they should know you** - "know" God by experience, rather than just "knowing" things about God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **the work that you have given me to do - ** - "The work" refers to Jesus' entire earthly gospel ministry. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the work that you have given me to do - ** - **"The work" refers to Jesus' entire earthly gospel ministry. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/jhn/17/25.md b/jhn/17/25.md index d2a0f2389..4ef6a671f 100644 --- a/jhn/17/25.md +++ b/jhn/17/25.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the world did not know you, but I know you; and these know that you sent me** - the world did not know you, but I know you; and these know that you sent me- "The world does not have the experience of knowing you as I know you; and these know that you have sent me" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **the world did not know you, but I know you; and these know that you sent me** - "The world does not have the experience of knowing you as I know you; and these know that you have sent me" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/jhn/19/38.md b/jhn/19/38.md index 7fdd0ea00..96e24d733 100644 --- a/jhn/19/38.md +++ b/jhn/19/38.md @@ -3,8 +3,14 @@ * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:jew]] +* [[en:tw:myrrh]] +* [[en:tw:pilate]] ## translationNotes +* **Joseph of Arimathea** - "Joseph from the town of Arimathea" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **for fear of the Jews** - "for fear of the Jewish leaders" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **litras** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:jhn:12:01]]. +* **Nicodemus** - See how you translated this name in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:03:01]]. +* **myrrh and aloes** - These are spices used to prepare a body for burial. +* **one hundred** - "100" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **litras** - A "litra" is a measurement of weight equal to 31 grams. See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:jhn:12:01]]. diff --git a/jhn/20/24.md b/jhn/20/24.md index 8b902976e..3b0cceca7 100644 --- a/jhn/20/24.md +++ b/jhn/20/24.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Didymus ** - Didymus - See how this name is translated in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:11:15]]. -* **disciples later said to him - ** - The word "him" refers to Thomas. +* **Didymus ** - See how this name is translated in [[en:bible:notes:jhn:11:15]]. +* **disciples later said to him - ** - ** The word "him" refers to Thomas. * **in his hands** - The word "his" refers to Jesus. diff --git a/job/01/01.md b/job/01/01.md index 0f5fd54a8..882016a7d 100644 --- a/job/01/01.md +++ b/job/01/01.md @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **land of Uz** - Possible locations are 1) a place in Edom east of the Jordan river somewhere in modern western Jordan or 2) a place east of the Euphrates River in modern Iran. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **he was blameless and upright** - The words "blameless" and "upright" are similar and are used together for emphasis. AT: "He did what was right before God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]])(see Important Terms: right righteousness, and good goodness, pay particular attention to goodness in the Important Term "good goodness" page +* **he was blameless and upright** - The words "blameless" and "upright" are similar and are used together for emphasis. AT: "He did what was right before God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **one who honored God and turned from evil** - AT: "He honored God and did not do what was evil." * **seven sons and three daughters** - "7 sons and 3 daughters" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **He possessed seven thousand sheep** - "He had 7000 sheep" diff --git a/job/04/04.md b/job/04/04.md index a5a2333fa..3cb065d23 100644 --- a/job/04/04.md +++ b/job/04/04.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* The writer uses parallelism in each of these verses make one idea using two different statements to emphasize 1) the support that Job has given others in the past, 2) the effect on him of his present troubles, and 3) his piety before God. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* The writer uses parallelism in each of these verses make one idea using two different statements to emphasize 1) the support that Job has given others in the past, 2) the effect on him of his present troubles, and 3) his piety before God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **supported** - "held up" like catching someone from falling to the ground when they stumble on a rock * **falling** - "stumbling" * **you have made feeble knees firm** - "you encouraged others when they were in extreme sorrow." * **But now trouble has come to you** - "But now you suffer from disasters" * **you faint** - "you are emotionally weak" * **your fear of God** - "your piety" -* **Is not your fear of God your confidence; is not the integrity of your ways your hope?** - Eliphaz asks these questions to make Job consider that the cause of his suffering is sin in his life despite his piety and integrity. AT: "Your piety is your confidence. The integrity of your ways is your hope." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Should not your fear of God give you confidence? Should not the integrity of your ways give you hope?** - Eliphaz asks these questions to make Job consider that the cause of his suffering is sin in his life despite his supposed piety and integrity. AT: "Everyone thinks that you honor God; everyone thinks that you are an honest man. But these things must not be true, because you have no more trust in God." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/job/06/10.md b/job/06/10.md index da75c7066..98316b353 100644 --- a/job/06/10.md +++ b/job/06/10.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:exult]] * [[en:tw:holyone]] * [[en:tw:holyone|Holy One]] * [[en:tw:patient]] @@ -14,4 +15,5 @@ * **exult** - "rejoice" * **does not lessen** - "does not diminish" * **that I have not denied the words of the Holy One** - "that I have not disowned God" -* **What is my strength that I should try to wait? What is my end, that I should try to be patient?** - Job poses these questions to emphasize that it is pointless for him to go on living. AT: "Besides, what else is there for me to live for and look forward to?" or "I have no strength to go on living; I have no reason to be patient" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **What is my strength, that I should try to wait? +* Job poses these questions to emphasize that it is pointless for him to go on living. AT: "Besides, what else is there for me to live for and look forward to?" or "I have no strength to go on living; I have no reason to be patient" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/job/07/01.md b/job/07/01.md index c30a4f7d9..e6985e4b1 100644 --- a/job/07/01.md +++ b/job/07/01.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **Like a slave ... like a hired man** - Job compares himself (verse 3) to those who work hard have no relief (verse 2). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **the shadows of the evening** - "shade" * **a hired man** - This is a man who worked jobs one day at a time and was paid at the end of every day. "a day laborer" -* **so I have been made to endure months of misery; God has assigned me months of trouble-filled nights** - "so I endure months of misery and trouble-filled nights" +* **so I have been made to endure months of misery; God has assigned me months of trouble-filled nights** - filled nights** - "so I endure months of misery and trouble-filled nights" * **months of misery** - "disastrous months" or "months of emptiness" diff --git a/job/07/13.md b/job/07/13.md index 4fb63f34c..527a456b1 100644 --- a/job/07/13.md +++ b/job/07/13.md @@ -11,6 +11,5 @@ * The writer continues to use parallelism in the first two verses, conveying a single idea using two different statements to emphasize Job's intense suffering. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **My bed will comfort me and my couch will ease my complaint** - Here "bed" and "couch" are metonyms for "sleep." In lying down to sleep, Job would hope to be comforted. The metonyms also have human attributes; they have the ability to comfort and ease a person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **You scare me** - "You" refers to God to whom Job is making his complaint. -* **my soul would choose strangling** - "I would choose strangling" * **strangling** - killing a person by squeezing his throat and stopping his breathing * **these bones of mine** - Here Job uses the word "bones" to refer to his body. AT: "This body of mine" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). diff --git a/job/08/13.md b/job/08/13.md index 5a7060f77..ff0b09f8c 100644 --- a/job/08/13.md +++ b/job/08/13.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* These verses continue Bildad's speech. In verses 14-15, the writer uses parallelism, conveying a single idea with two different statements to emphasize the destruction of those who do not build their lives on the teachings of their ancestors. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* 15, the writer uses parallelism, conveying a single idea with two different statements to emphasize the destruction of those who do not build their lives on the teachings of their ancestors. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **So also are the paths of all who forget God** - "Walking a path" is a common idiom that refers to a person's life and its direction. It often refers to whether people are following God's way or their own. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **those whose trust is as fragile as a spider's web** - Here Bildad compares the lives of the godless to a spider's web; the slightest force will break both. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **he will hold on to it** - "he will try to keep it together" or "he will try to support it" diff --git a/job/08/16.md b/job/08/16.md index 297e9014e..3eb5e192e 100644 --- a/job/08/16.md +++ b/job/08/16.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* In verses 16-17, the writer continues to use parallelism, conveying a single idea using two different statements to picture the stony, temporary foundation of the godless. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* 17, the writer continues to use parallelism, conveying a single idea using two different statements to picture the stony, temporary foundation of the godless. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **Under the sun he is green, and his shoots go out over his entire garden** - Here Bildad compares the godless to plants that flourish in the daytime; both initially look alive, fresh, and healthy. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **His roots are wrapped about the heaps of stone** - The godless person's roots cling not to fertile soil but to rocks. Rocky ground cannot help plants grow. This person's roots will soon die. "His roots cling to rocky ground." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **they look for good places among the rocks** - The word "they" refers to the godless person's roots. "they look for fertile ground among the rocks" or "they look for rich soil among the rocks" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/job/09/19.md b/job/09/19.md index 236f61472..276062457 100644 --- a/job/09/19.md +++ b/job/09/19.md @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ * **And if we speak of justice** - "and if we speak of acting fairly" * **‘Who,’ he says, ‘will question me?’** - Job uses this question to emphasize that he has nobody to stand up for him against God. AT: "Nobody will stand up for me." (See: Rhetorical Question) * **‘Who,’ he says, ‘will question me?’** - "Who shall call an assembly for me?" or "Who will appoint a time for me?" -* **Even if I were righteous** - "Even if I was good" -* **my own mouth would condemn me** - This phrase describes the mouth as having the ability like a person to accuse Job of acting wrongly before God. AT: "my own words would accuse me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Even if I were righteous** - "Even if I was innocent" +* **my own mouth would condemn me** - Job says that his own efforts to prove his innocence would be acting wrongly before God. AT: "my own words would accuse me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **even if I were perfect** - "even if I was faultless" * **it would still prove me guilty** - Possible meanings are 1) Job's mouth will declare that Job is wrong or 2) God will declare that Job is wrong AT: "my mouth will say that I am wrong" or "God will say that I am wrong" * **guilty** - "dishonest" or "crooked" diff --git a/job/10/01.md b/job/10/01.md index 620091328..0c299b420 100644 --- a/job/10/01.md +++ b/job/10/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **My soul is weary of life** - AT: "I am tired of living;" or "I hate my life;" +* **I am weary of my life** - AT: "I am tired of living;" or "I hate my life;" * **I will give free expression of my complaint** - AT: "I will not hold back my complaint any longer;" or "I will tell God exactly how I feel he has wronged me;" * **I will speak in the bitterness of my soul** - AT: "I will speak out of the agony that I feel," or "I will speak because of the pain I have felt." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Is it good to you that you should oppress me, to despise the work of your hands** - This question expects a "no" answer and can be changed into a statement. AT: "It is not good that you should oppress me, that you should reject the work of your hands!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/job/10/04.md b/job/10/04.md index fd27ef246..d6f04fab0 100644 --- a/job/10/04.md +++ b/job/10/04.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Do you have eyes of flesh? Do you see like a man sees?** - Do you have eyes of flesh? Do you see like a man sees?- Job says the same thing twice for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **Do you have eyes of flesh? Do you see like a man sees?** - Job says the same thing twice for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **Do you have eyes of flesh?** - AT: "You do not have eyes like a man." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Do you see like a man sees?** - AT: "Your understanding is greater than our own." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Are your days like the days of mankind ... your years like the years of people** - Both of these lines have the same meaning. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/job/11/01.md b/job/11/01.md index ee4c6ea18..66b182880 100644 --- a/job/11/01.md +++ b/job/11/01.md @@ -10,6 +10,5 @@ * **Zophar … Naamathite** - AT:"Zophar from the region of Naamah" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Should not a multitude of words be answered** - Zophar is asking a question in the negative to emphasize that Job's words must be challenged. AT "We must answer these words!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **Should this man, so full of talk, be believed?** - AT "Your many words alone do not mean you are innocent." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Should your boasting make others remain silent?** - Should your boasting make others remain silent? -* AT "Just because you have spoken many words, this does not mean that others must keep silent." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Should your boasting make others remain silent?** - AT "Just because you have spoken many words, this does not mean that others must keep silent." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **When you mock our teaching, will no one make you feel ashamed?** - AT "You have mocked our teaching. Now we will make you feel ashamed!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/jol/01/18.md b/jol/01/18.md index 86a85c31a..419a94bb8 100644 --- a/jol/01/18.md +++ b/jol/01/18.md @@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ * God continues to tell the priests how they should pray for Israel. * **groan** - make a deep sound because of pain +* **fire has devoured ... flames have burned ...** - These two similar phrases work together to show that all the land, whether cultivated or not, was destroyed. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **brooks** - small streams diff --git a/jol/02/06.md b/jol/02/06.md index 2d0785294..c9a4acdea 100644 --- a/jol/02/06.md +++ b/jol/02/06.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Joel continues to describe the locust army of Yahweh. -* **They run like mighty warriors…climb the walls like soldier** - The army of locusts are described as acting like real soldiers would. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[:en:ta:vol0:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **They run like mighty warriors…climb the walls like soldier** - The army of locusts are described as acting like real soldiers would. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **walls** - walls around the cities diff --git a/jol/02/12.md b/jol/02/12.md index e8946500f..4a8227fe8 100644 --- a/jol/02/12.md +++ b/jol/02/12.md @@ -13,4 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **Return to me with all your heart** - AT: "Turn away from your sins and be totally devoted to me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]). +* **Tear your heart and not only your garments** - Tearing one's clothes is an outward act of shame or repentance. "Tear you heart" refers to having an inward attitude of repentance as well. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **turn from** - stop diff --git a/jon/01/08.md b/jon/01/08.md index 54b1af6e2..5cc1420dd 100644 --- a/jon/01/08.md +++ b/jon/01/08.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **Please tell us who is the cause of this evil that is happening to us.** - "Who caused this bad thing that is happening to us?" * **What is this that you have done?** - The men on the ship used this rhetorical question to show how upset they were with Jonah. This could also be translated as "Why have you done this?" or "You have done a terrible thing." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **he was running away from the presence of Yahweh** - "Jonah was running away from Yahweh" -* **because he had told them** - What Jonah said can be made explicit: "because he had told them 'I am trying to get away from Yahweh.'" In the UDB, "I am trying to get away from Yahweh" appears with the rest of the things Jonah said to them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **because he had told them** - AT: "because he had told them 'I am trying to get away from Yahweh.'" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/jon/02/03.md b/jon/02/03.md index e8604196a..abddbe228 100644 --- a/jon/02/03.md +++ b/jon/02/03.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes * This is a continuation of Jonah's prayer that started in [[:en:bible:notes:jon:02:01]]. In verse 4 Jonah spoke of something he had prayed before this prayer. -* **into the heart of the seas** - into the heart of the seas- "to the bottom of the sea" -* **the currents surrounded me** - the currents surrounded me- "the sea water closed in around me" +* **into the heart of the seas** - "to the bottom of the sea" +* **the currents surrounded me** - "the sea water closed in around me" * **I am driven out** - This can be translated with an active clause: "You have driven me away" or "You have sent me away." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **from before your eyes** - "from you." When Jonah said "your eyes" he was speaking about all of Yahweh. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **How can I ever again gaze at your holy temple?"** - How can I ever again gaze at your holy temple?" Jonah used this rhetorical question to show how sad he was that he would never see Yahweh's temple again. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **How can I ever again gaze at your holy temple?"** - Jonah used this rhetorical question to show how sad he was that he would never see Yahweh's temple again. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/jon/03/01.md b/jon/03/01.md index 49dff7ebe..398c9fe95 100644 --- a/jon/03/01.md +++ b/jon/03/01.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **proclaim to it the message that I command you to give** - "tell the people what I tell you to tell them" * **So Jonah got up and went to Nineveh in obedience to the word of Yahweh** - "This time Jonah obeyed Yahweh and went to Nineveh" * **Now** - This word is used here to mark a change from the story to information about Nineveh. -* **one of three days’ journey** - "a city of three days' journey". This phrase can be translated as a separate sentence: "A person had to walk for three days to completely go through it." (UDB) +* **one of three days’ journey** - "a city of three days' journey". AT: "A person had to walk for three days to completely go through it." (UDB) diff --git a/jon/04/01.md b/jon/04/01.md index d80940079..8707dc5d6 100644 --- a/jon/04/01.md +++ b/jon/04/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * **Ah, Yahweh** - The word "Ah" expresses Jonah's feeling of frustration. Your language may have a different way of expressing this. * **is this not just what I said when I was back in my own country?** - Jonah used this rhetorical question to show God how angry he was. In some languages translating this as a statement would sound more natural. Also what Jonah had said when he was back in his own country can be stated explicitly: "When I was still in my own country I knew that if I warned the people of Nineveh they would repent and you would not destroy them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **I acted first and tried to flee to Tarshish** - Possible meanings are 1) "I tried to prevent this by fleeing to Tarshish" or 2) "I acted quickly and tried to flee to Tarshish" or "I did all I could to flee to Tarshish" -* **abundant in faithfulness** - abundant in faithfulness "very faithful" or "You love people very much" (UDB) +* **abundant in faithfulness** - "very faithful" or "You love people very much" (UDB) * **you relent from sending disaster** - "you decide not to destroy people." This means "you say that you will send disaster on sinners, but then you decide not to." This can also be translated as "you decide not to punish people who sin" . * **take my life from me** - Jonah's reason for wanting to die can be stated explicitly as it is in the UDB: "since you will not destroy Nineveh as you said you would, please allow me to die." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **for it is better for me to die than to live** - This can be translated as “I would prefer to die than live” or “because I want to die. I do not want to live.” diff --git a/jon/04/08.md b/jon/04/08.md index 30ce034b4..6ea405447 100644 --- a/jon/04/08.md +++ b/jon/04/08.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **God prepared a hot east wind** - This can be translated as “God caused a hot wind from the east to blow on Jonah.” If your word for wind can only mean a cool or cold wind, then it might work to translate it like this: “God sent a very hot warmth from the east to Jonah.” -* **the sun beat down - "** - "the sun was very hot" +* **the sun beat down - "** - "**the sun was very hot" * **on Jonah's head** - Jonah may have felt the heat most on his head. It can also be translated as "on Jonah" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **he became faint** - This could be translated as “he became very weak” or “he lost his strength.” * **It is better for me to die than to live.** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:jon:04:01]]. * **Is it good that you are so angry about the plant?** - God used a rhetorical question to scold Jonah for being angry that the plant died but wanting God to kill the people of Nineveh.. In some languages it is more natural to use a statement. "Your anger about the plant dying is not good." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) You should be more concerned about the people in Nineveh dying than about the plant dying. (See; [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **even to death- ** - even to death- "Now I am angry enough to die!" (UDB) +* **even to death- ** - ** "Now I am angry enough to die!" (UDB) diff --git a/jos/01/04.md b/jos/01/04.md index f06ce56bd..c8573b585 100644 --- a/jos/01/04.md +++ b/jos/01/04.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua. * **your land** - The word "your" refers to the tribes of Israel, and not Joshua only. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **to stand before you** - In verse 5 the words "you" and "your" refer to Joshua. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **I will not abandon you or leave you** - AT: "I will certainly stay with you always." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) The words "abandon" and "leave" mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that God will not do those things. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **I will not abandon you or leave you** - The words "abandon" and "leave" mean basically the same thing. Yahweh combines them to emphasize that he will not do these things. AT: "I will certainly stay with you always" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/jos/01/08.md b/jos/01/08.md index 645b5b64c..e8d27fe21 100644 --- a/jos/01/08.md +++ b/jos/01/08.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking to Joshua. -* **You will always speak** - This means that Joshua should speak of the book of the Law often. The word "always" adds emphasis or intensity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **be successful** - AT: "achieve your goal" or "reach your goal" +* **You will always speak** - This means that Joshua should speak of the book of the law often. The word "always" adds emphasis or intensity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **prosperous and successful** - These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize great prosperity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/jos/01/16.md b/jos/01/16.md index 5099803f5..663d13f79 100644 --- a/jos/01/16.md +++ b/jos/01/16.md @@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * The Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh reply to Joshua. -* **will be put to death** - "will be killed." AT: "we will kill him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **rebels against your commands and disobeys your words** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that any form of disobedience will be punished. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **will be put to death** - AT: "we will put to death" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/jos/02/01.md b/jos/02/01.md index c357d341c..2e6c76e17 100644 --- a/jos/02/01.md +++ b/jos/02/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ * [[en:tw:joshua|Joshua]] * [[en:tw:king]] * [[en:tw:prostitute]] -* [[en:tw:prostitute|prostitute, harlot, whore]] * [[en:tw:rahab]] * [[en:tw:rahab|Rahab]] diff --git a/jos/02/10.md b/jos/02/10.md index 6121ffcea..04a8d39b2 100644 --- a/jos/02/10.md +++ b/jos/02/10.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Rahab continues to talk to the Israelite spies. * **Sihon … Og** - These are the names of the Amorite kings. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **our hearts melted and there was no courage left in anyone** - These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) The phrase "our hearts melted" compares the hearts of the fearful people of Jericho to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **our hearts melted and there was no courage left in anyone** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of their fear. AT: "we were terrified" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/jos/02/23.md b/jos/02/23.md index 932e66918..f6380d83c 100644 --- a/jos/02/23.md +++ b/jos/02/23.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Nun** - Nun- This is a male name; the father of Joshua. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **everything that had happened to them** - everything that had happened to them- "all that the men had experienced and seen." -* **us** - us- This word, "us," refers to Israel. +* **Nun** - This is a male name; the father of Joshua. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **everything that had happened to them** - "all that the men had experienced and seen." +* **us** - This word, "us," refers to Israel. * **cross over** - "cross over" means to go to the opposite bank of the river. AT: "travel from this side to the opposite side of the Jordan." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/jos/05/01.md b/jos/05/01.md index bbef3b556..5de34c399 100644 --- a/jos/05/01.md +++ b/jos/05/01.md @@ -7,5 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* * -* **their hearts melted, and there was no longer any spirit in them** - These two phrases share similar meanings, combined for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) The phrase “their hearts melted” compares the hearts of the fearful kings of the Amorites and Canaanites to ice melting and flowing away. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **their hearts melted, and there was no longer any spirit in them** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the intensity of their fear. AT: “they were terrified” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/jos/05/13.md b/jos/05/13.md index 5789b5bfa..fd602c64e 100644 --- a/jos/05/13.md +++ b/jos/05/13.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Behold** - The word “behold” alerts us to pay special attention to new information. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses “There was a man who was…” -* **he had drawn his sword and it was in his hand** - These two phrases share similar meanings and are combined for emphasis.(See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **he had drawn his sword and it was in his hand** - Here the words "he" and "his" refer to the man who was standing in front of Joshua. diff --git a/jos/13/01.md b/jos/13/01.md index 94a2e18fd..0ad40604f 100644 --- a/jos/13/01.md +++ b/jos/13/01.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **old and well along in years** - This is a figure of speech expressing the same thought in two different ways. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **old and advanced in years** - These two phrases are saying essentially the same thing for emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **old and well along in years** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Joshua's old age. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **old and advanced in years** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Joshua's old age. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/jud/01/07.md b/jud/01/07.md index 94f387d5b..ee5bfe87b 100644 --- a/jud/01/07.md +++ b/jud/01/07.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ * **It is just like** - This is comparing how the angels abandoned their assigned work to people in Sodom and Gomorrah. * **and the cities around them** - "and the other cities near them" -* **in a similar way gave themselves over** - Sodom and Gomorrah gave themselves over to sexual immorality the same way as the angels gave themselves over to following evil. -* **over to fornication and pursued unnatural desires** - People were having sex outside of marriage. Also men were having sex with men and women were having sex with women. +* **in a similar way gave themselves over** - Sodom and Gomorrah lived in sexual sins the same way as the angels followed evil ways. +* **over to sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desires** - People were having sex outside of marriage. Also men were having sex with men, and women were having sex with women. * **They were given** - "The people of Sodom and Gomorrah were given" * **as examples of those who suffer the punishment of eternal fire** - The destruction of the people of Sodom and Gomorrah became an example for the fate of all who reject God. * **these also pollute ** - "These" refers to people who reject God who pollute their bodies with sexual immorality the same way throwing garbage into a stream can cause the water to be bad to drink. diff --git a/jud/01/09.md b/jud/01/09.md index 4e259dc65..b95bd000d 100644 --- a/jud/01/09.md +++ b/jud/01/09.md @@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **argued about the body** - they were arguing over who will take possession of the body. Alternate Translation: "argued about who would take possession of the body." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **(Michael) did not dare to bring against him** - Michael reframed from rebuking the devil. Alternate translation: "he kept from" +* **(Michael) did not dare to bring against him** - AT: "Michael kept himself from rebuking the devil" * **condemnation or insulting words** - "strong criticism or disrespectful words" * **But these people** - "these people" are the ungodly people mentioned earlier. * **insult all the things that they do not understand** - "speak disrespectfully against anything that they do not know the meaning of" * ** the way of Cain** - Cain murdered his brother Able. -* **error of Balaam for wages** - Balaam sought to prophesize for money. +* **error of Balaam for wages** - Balaam tried to curse Israel for money. * **Korah's rebellion** - Korah rebelled against Moses' leadership and Aaron's priesthood. diff --git a/jud/01/12.md b/jud/01/12.md index 24daf6e0e..f00ae5965 100644 --- a/jud/01/12.md +++ b/jud/01/12.md @@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ * Jude continues with a series of metaphors * **These are the ones** - "These" refers to the ungodly men. * **who are hidden reefs** - Like under water rocks that can sink ships, these people are a danger to the believers. Alternate Translation: "who are like dangerous rocks hidden under the water." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **in your love-feasts, when they feast with you** - "in your fellowship meals, when they eat with you". +* **in your love-feasts, when they feast with you** - feasts, when they feast with you** - "in your fellowship meals, when they eat with you". * **clouds without water** - Like clouds that do not provide water to the gardens, these people do not care for the believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **autumn trees without fruit** - As some trees do not produce fruit at the end of summer, so these ungodly people do not have faith and works of righteousness. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **without fruit, twice dead** - Like trees that have been killed twice such as by frost would not give fruit, so the ungodly men have no values and contain no life within them.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **torn up by the roots** - Like trees that have been completely pulled out of the ground by their roots, the ungodly people have been separated from God who is the source of life. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **wild waves of the sea** - As the sea's waves are blown by a strong wind, so the ungodly people had no foundation of faith and were easily moved in many directions.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **foaming out of their own shame** - As wind causes wild waves to stir up dirty foam, so these men through their false teaching and actions shame themselves. Alternate translation: "just like waves bring up foam and dirt, these men pollute others with their shame." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **wandering stars for whom the blackness of darkness has been reserved forever** - Just like some stars that move unpredictably making them unreliable for navigation, so you should not follow these people. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **wandering stars for whom the blackness of darkness has been reserved forever** - Just like stars that move move across the sky making it difficult to follow them, so you should not follow these people. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/jud/01/14.md b/jud/01/14.md index d91c1aada..fb65b6009 100644 --- a/jud/01/14.md +++ b/jud/01/14.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Jude continues to speak out against the ungodly people -* **these people...their works...they have** - these people...their works...they have- These refer to the ungodly people. +* **these people...their works...they have** - These refer to the ungodly people. * **The seventh in line from Adam** - Seventh generation from Adam. Some translations may say sixth in line depending if Adam is counted as a generation. * **Look, the Lord...** - "notice, the Lord", or "behold, the Lord" * **all the hard things** - "all the harsh words" -* **grumblers, complainers** - People who have a disobedient heart, and strain against doing the right thing always. Grumblers tend to do this quietly, complainers do this more openly. +* **grumblers, complainers** - People who have a disobedient heart. Grumblers tend to do this quietly, complainers do this more openly. * **loud boasters** - People who praise themselves so that others can hear. diff --git a/lam/02/01.md b/lam/02/01.md index 59360c0aa..179a797cc 100644 --- a/lam/02/01.md +++ b/lam/02/01.md @@ -1,45 +1,30 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:angry]] -* [[en:tw:angry]] -* [[en:tw:angry|anger, angry]] -* [[en:tw:angry|angry, anger]] * [[en:tw:compassion]] -* [[en:tw:compassion|compassion, compassionate]] +* [[en:tw:disgrace]] * [[en:tw:dishonor]] -* [[en:tw:dishonor|dishonor]] * [[en:tw:earth]] -* [[en:tw:earth|earth]] * [[en:tw:footstool]] -* [[en:tw:footstool|footstool]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] -* [[en:tw:heaven|heaven, sky, heavens, heavenly]] * [[en:tw:israel]] -* [[en:tw:israel|Israel, Israelites, nation of Israel]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] -* [[en:tw:jacob|Jacob, Israel]] * [[en:tw:judah]] -* [[en:tw:judah|Judah]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] -* [[en:tw:kingdom|kingdom]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:lord|lord, master, sir]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:prince]] -* [[en:tw:prince|prince]] -* [[en:tw:shame]] -* [[en:tw:shame|disgrace, shame]] * [[en:tw:stronghold]] -* [[en:tw:stronghold|fortified, stronghold]] +* [[en:tw:stronghold|stronghold, fortress, fortified city]] * [[en:tw:wrath]] -* [[en:tw:wrath|wrath]] * [[en:tw:zion]] -* [[en:tw:zion|Zion, Mount Zion]] ## translationNotes -* The writer of Lamentations uses many different ways to express the people of Israel losing his favor. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **How the Lord has covered the Daughter of Zion with a dark cloud** - This cloud is the warning of a destructive storm that is about to happen. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]). -* **Daughter of Zion…the beauty of Israel…Daughter of Judah** - The city of Jerusalem is referred to in different ways in this passage. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **cast down the beauty of Israel from heaven to the earth** - This refers to Jerusalem losing favor with God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]). -* **day of his anger** - Here the word "day" refers to a general period of time and not to one 24-hour day. AT: "at the time when he displayed his anger" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **swallowed up** - This phrase refers to Israel being completely destroyed like food is completely gone when it is swallowed. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* A new poem begins. The writer of Lamentations uses many different ways to express that the people of Israel have lost God's favor. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:translate:poetry]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] ​and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **dark cloud** - Possible meanings are 1) God is threatening to harm the people of Jerusalem or 2) God has already harmed the people (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). +* **daughter of Zion...daughter of Judah** - These are poetic names for Jerusalem, which is spoken of here as if it were a woman. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **He has cast down the beauty of Israel from heaven to the earth** - "Jerusalem has lost all favor with the Lord" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). +* **ignored his footstool** - Possible meanings are 1) "not considered his covenant" or 2) "has removed his presence." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **day of his anger** - a general period of time, not one 24-hour day AT: "at the time when he displayed his anger" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **swallowed up** - "completely destroyed" like an animal leaves nothing when he swallows food (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the fortified cities of the daughter of Judah** - Possible meanings are 1) the fortified cities throughout Judah, or 2) the fortified walls of Jerusalem. diff --git a/lev/04/08.md b/lev/04/08.md index dc84c41f0..0b039850b 100644 --- a/lev/04/08.md +++ b/lev/04/08.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He will cut away** - He will cut away- "The priest will cut away" +* **He will cut away** - "The priest will cut away" * **the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, which is by the loins, and the lobe of the liver, with the kidneys—he will cut away all this** - See how you translated many of these words in [[en:bible:notes:lev:03:03]]. diff --git a/lev/04/22.md b/lev/04/22.md index 31783af8b..869ef3d85 100644 --- a/lev/04/22.md +++ b/lev/04/22.md @@ -20,4 +20,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **God has commanded not to be done** - AT: "God has commanded the people not to do" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **then if his sin which he has committed is made known to him ** - then if his sin which he has committed is made known to him - AT: "then if he realizes that he has sinned" +* **then if his sin which he has committed is made known to him ** - AT: "then if he realizes that he has sinned" diff --git a/lev/05/14.md b/lev/05/14.md index 875a65608..918f6756b 100644 --- a/lev/05/14.md +++ b/lev/05/14.md @@ -1,16 +1,23 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:atonement]] +* [[en:tw:atonement|atonement, atone]] * [[en:tw:blemish]] +* [[en:tw:blemish|blemish]] * [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:command|command, to command, commandment]] * [[en:tw:flock]] +* [[en:tw:flock|flock, herd]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] +* [[en:tw:forgive|forgive, forgiveness]] * [[en:tw:guiltoffering]] +* [[en:tw:guiltoffering|guilt offering]] * [[en:tw:holy]] +* [[en:tw:holy|holy, holiness]] * [[en:tw:moses]] * [[en:tw:moses|Moses]] * [[en:tw:priest]] +* [[en:tw:priest|priest, priesthood]] * [[en:tw:sheep]] * [[en:tw:sheep|sheep, ram, ewe]] * [[en:tw:sin]] @@ -18,6 +25,7 @@ * [[en:tw:tabernacle]] * [[en:tw:tabernacle|tabernacle]] * [[en:tw:wrong]] +* [[en:tw:wrong|wrong, mistreat, hurt]] * [[en:tw:yahweh]] * [[en:tw:yahweh|Yahweh]] diff --git a/lev/06/12.md b/lev/06/12.md index 1f6cdcf0c..e98834718 100644 --- a/lev/06/12.md +++ b/lev/06/12.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **The fire on the altar will be kept burning** - AT: "The priest will keep the fire on the altar burning" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **as required ** - as required - AT: "as God demands" +* **as required ** - AT: "as God demands" diff --git a/lev/07/33.md b/lev/07/33.md index f696cd377..2246bd5d0 100644 --- a/lev/07/33.md +++ b/lev/07/33.md @@ -1,14 +1,21 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:Aaron]] +* [[en:tw:aaron]] +* [[en:tw:aaron|Aaron]] * [[en:tw:blood]] +* [[en:tw:blood|blood]] * [[en:tw:descendant]] +* [[en:tw:descendant|descendant]] * [[en:tw:fellowshipoffering]] +* [[en:tw:fellowshipoffering|fellowship offering, peace offering]] * [[en:tw:highpriest]] +* [[en:tw:highpriest|high priest]] * [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:israel|Israel, Israelites, nation of Israel]] * [[en:tw:priest]] +* [[en:tw:priest|priest, priesthood]] * [[en:tw:raise]] +* [[en:tw:raise|raise, rise, risen, arise, arose]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/01/01.md b/luk/01/01.md index 5841793e7..afaba0722 100644 --- a/luk/01/01.md +++ b/luk/01/01.md @@ -2,15 +2,16 @@ * [[en:tw:fulfill]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:witness]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes -* **accounts** - "reports" or "narratives" or "true stories" -* **us ** - us - The word "us" in this section may exclude Theophilus, but the text does not specifically say that. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **eyewitnesses from the beginning** - This could be translated as "saw these things from the time they first happened." -* **had become servants of the word** - Other possible meanings are "served God by telling people his message" or "taught people the good news about Jesus." +* **accounts** - "reports" or "true stories" +* **us** - The word "us" in this section may or may not exclude Theophilus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **eyewitnesses** - "observers" or "watchers" +* **had become servants of the word** - AT: "had served God by telling people his message" or "had taught people the good news about Jesus" * **reported them to us** - The "us" in this phrase is exclusive. It does not include Theophilus. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) -* **investigated everything accurately** - This means he was careful to find out exactly what happened. He probably talked to the different people who saw what happened to make sure that what he wrote down about these events was correct. Another way to translate this would be "carefully researched everything that happened." -* **most excellent** - Luke said this to show honor and respect for Theophilus. This manner of address may also mean that Theophilus was an important government official. Other ways to translate this would be "honorable" or "noble." Some people may prefer to also put this greeting at the beginning and say "To…..Theophilus" or "Dear… Theophilus." +* **investigated everything accurately** - This means he was careful to find out exactly what happened. He probably talked to the different people who saw what happened to make sure that what he wrote down about these events was correct. Another way to translate this would be "carefully researched everything that happened" +* **most excellent** - Luke said this to show honor and respect for Theophilus. This manner of address may also mean that Theophilus was an important government official. Other ways to translate this would be "honorable" or "noble" Some people may prefer to also put this greeting at the beginning and say "To…..Theophilus" or "Dear… Theophilus" * **Theophilus** - This name means "friend of God." It may describe this man's character or it may have been his actual name. Most translations have it as a name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/luk/01/05.md b/luk/01/05.md index 7789750e7..aec5e1a15 100644 --- a/luk/01/05.md +++ b/luk/01/05.md @@ -1,29 +1,31 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:Jew]] * [[en:tw:aaron]] +* [[en:tw:abijah]] +* [[en:tw:barren]] +* [[en:tw:blameless]] * [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:elizabeth]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:herodthegreat]] * [[en:tw:judea]] * [[en:tw:king]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:obey]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:priest]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] +* [[en:tw:walk]] * [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes -* **In the days of Herod, king of Judea** - "During the time that King Herod was ruling over Judea" -* **Judea** - This could be translated as "the region of Judea" or "Judea Region." Some languages may prefer to say "the people who lived in Judea." -* **there was a certain** - "there was a particular" or "there was a." This is a way of introducing an important character in a story. Consider how your language does this. -* **division** - This could be translated as "division of priests" or "group of priests." -* **of Abijah** - "who descended from Abijah." Abijah was an ancestor of this group of priests and all of them were descended from Aaron, who was the first Israelite priest. -* **His wife** - This could be translated as "Zechariah's wife." -* **was from the daughters of** - "was also one of the descendants of" or "was also descended from Aaron." This could also be translated as "Zechariah and his wife Elizabeth were both descended from Aaron." +* **In the days of Herod, king of Judea** - "During the time that King Herod ruled over Judea" +* **Judea** - AT: "the region of Judea" or "the people who lived in Judea" +* **there was a certain** - This is a way of introducing an important character in a story. Consider how your language does this. "there was a particular" or "there was a" +* **division** - AT: "division of priests" or "group of priests" +* **of Abijah** - Abijah was an ancestor of this group of priests and all of them were descended from Aaron, who was the first Israelite priest. "who descended from Abijah" +* **His wife** - "Zechariah's wife" +* **was also from the daughters of** - "was also descended from Aaron" or AT: "Zechariah and his wife Elizabeth were both descended from Aaron" * **before God** - "in God's sight" or "in God's opinion" -* **walking ** - "obeying" -* **all the Lord's commandments and requirements** - This could be translated as "all that the Lord had commanded and required." +* **walking ** - "obeying" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **all the Lord's commandments and requirements** - AT: "all that the Lord had commanded and required" * **But** - This contrast word shows that what follows here is the opposite of what is expected. People expected that if they did what was right, God would allow them to have children. Although this couple did what was right, they did not have any children. diff --git a/luk/01/08.md b/luk/01/08.md index a970220f1..93e3b3fcd 100644 --- a/luk/01/08.md +++ b/luk/01/08.md @@ -1,19 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:assembly]] * [[en:tw:incense]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:lots]] +* [[en:tw:peoplegroup]] * [[en:tw:pray]] -* [[en:tw:priest]] * [[en:tw:temple]] -* [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes -* **before God** - "in God's presence." For clarity, some translators might want to add the implied information "in the temple at Jerusalem." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **before God** - "in God's presence" For clarity, some translators might want to add the implied information "in the temple at Jerusalem" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **their custom** - "their tradition" or "their usual way of making important decisions" * **chose him by lot** - A lot was a marked stone that was thrown or rolled on the ground in order to help them decide something. The priests believed that God guided the lot to show them which priest he wanted them to choose. (See: [[:en:ta:customs:religious:bylot]]) * **the whole assembly of the people** - "a large number of people" or "many people" -* **outside** - This could be translated as “outside the temple building" or "in the courtyard outside the temple." The courtyard was the enclosed area surrounding the temple. +* **outside** - AT: “outside the temple building" or "in the courtyard outside the temple" The courtyard was the enclosed area surrounding the temple. diff --git a/luk/01/11.md b/luk/01/11.md index 5bbae6625..6cb0a2ee3 100644 --- a/luk/01/11.md +++ b/luk/01/11.md @@ -2,15 +2,13 @@ * [[en:tw:altarofincense]] * [[en:tw:angel]] -* [[en:tw:elizabeth]] +* [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:pray]] -* [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] +* [[en:tw:trouble]] ## translationNotes -* **of the Lord ** - "from the Lord" or "who serves the Lord" or "who was sent by the Lord" +* **of the Lord ** - "from the Lord" or "who was sent by the Lord" * **appeared to him** - "suddenly came to him" or "was suddenly there with Zechariah" -* **Your prayer has been heard ** - Your prayer has been heard - "God has heard what you asked him for." The following is implied and could be added: "and will grant it." God did not just hear what Zechariah prayed for; he was also going to do it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Your prayer has been heard ** - "God has heard what you asked" The following is implied and could be added: "and will grant it." God did not just hear what Zechariah prayed for; he was also going to do it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **will call his name John** - “will give him the name John” or “will name him John” diff --git a/luk/01/14.md b/luk/01/14.md index 40bf396b8..2f132c5a8 100644 --- a/luk/01/14.md +++ b/luk/01/14.md @@ -1,17 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:filled]] -* [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:joy]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:rejoice]] +* [[en:tw:strongdrink]] * [[en:tw:wine]] +* [[en:tw:womb]] ## translationNotes -* (The angel continues speaking to Zechariah:) -* **For** - "Because" or "In addition to this." Some translations may not have this word. -* **he will be great in the sight of the Lord** - This could be translated as "he will do very important things for the Lord." -* **strong drink** - “fermented drinks” or “intoxicating drinks.” This refers to alcoholic beverages that can cause people to become drunk. -* **He will be filled with the Holy Spirit** - “The Holy Spirit will empower him” or “The Holy Spirit will guide him.” If you translate it as "The Holy Spirit will control Him" make sure it does not sound like what an evil spirit might do to a person. -* **even while in his mother's womb** - The word “even” indicates that this is especially surprising news. People had been filled with the Holy Spirit before, but no one had heard of an unborn baby being filled with the Holy Spirit. +* The angel continues speaking to Zechariah +* **For** - "Because" or "In addition to this" +* **he will be great in the sight of the Lord** - AT: "he will do very important things for the Lord" +* **He will be filled with the Holy Spirit** - “The Holy Spirit will empower him” or “The Holy Spirit will guide him” Make sure it does not sound similar to what an evil spirit might do to a person. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **even while in his mother's womb** - The word “even” here indicates that this is especially surprising news. People had been filled with the Holy Spirit before, but no one had heard of an unborn baby's being filled with the Holy Spirit. diff --git a/luk/01/16.md b/luk/01/16.md index 320eade97..dd12b452e 100644 --- a/luk/01/16.md +++ b/luk/01/16.md @@ -3,20 +3,21 @@ * [[en:tw:Jacob]] * [[en:tw:disobey]] * [[en:tw:elijah]] -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:heart]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:power]] -* [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] +* [[en:tw:son]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] +* [[en:tw:turn]] * [[en:tw:wise]] ## translationNotes -* (The angel continues speaking to Zechariah.) -* **many of the sons of Israel** - If it sounds like Zechariah is not included, this phrase could be translated as "many of you descendants of Israel" or "many of you who are God's people, Israel." If this change is made, make sure that "their God" is also changed to "your (plural) God." -* **in advance of him** - He would go and announce to the people that the Lord would come to them. -* **in the spirit and power of Elijah** - "with the same spirit and power that Elijah had." The word "spirit" either refers to God's Holy Spirit or to Elijah's attitude or way of thinking. Make sure that the word "spirit" does not mean "ghost" or "evil spirit". -* **turn the hearts of the fathers to their children** - This could be translated as "persuade fathers to care about their children again" or "cause fathers to restore their relationships with their children." This would also apply to mothers, but only father's are named. +* This concludes the angel's speech to Zechariah. +* **many of the sons of Israel** - If it sounds as though Zechariah is not included, this phrase could be translated as "many of you descendants of Israel" or "many of you who are God's people, Israel." If this change is made, make sure that "their God" is also changed to "your (plural) God." +* **in advance of him** - He would go to announce to the people that the Lord would come to them. +* **in the spirit and power of Elijah** - "with the same spirit and power that Elijah had" The word "spirit" either refers to God's Holy Spirit or to Elijah's attitude or way of thinking. Make sure that the word "spirit" does not mean ghost or evil spirit. +* **turn the hearts of the fathers to their children** - AT: "persuade fathers to care about their children again" or "cause fathers to restore their relationships with their children" This would also apply to mothers, but only father's are named. +* **the disobedient to walk** - "the disobedient to act" or "the disobedient to live" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **prepared for the Lord** - This could be translated as "ready to believe the Lord's message" or "ready to obey the Lord." -* (This is the end of the angel's speech.) diff --git a/luk/01/18.md b/luk/01/18.md index 45ec3b35e..a08a3559b 100644 --- a/luk/01/18.md +++ b/luk/01/18.md @@ -5,11 +5,13 @@ * [[en:tw:fulfill]] * [[en:tw:gabriel]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:goodnews]] +* [[en:tw:send]] * [[en:tw:word]] * [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes -* **How will I know this will happen** - This could be translated as "How can I know for sure that what you said will happen?" +* **How will I know this will happen** - AT: "How can I know for sure that what you said will happen?" * **believe my words** - "believe what I said" -* **at the proper time** - “at the right time.” This could be translated as “at the appointed time.” +* **at the proper time** - “at the right time” or “at the appointed time” diff --git a/luk/01/21.md b/luk/01/21.md index b4f6a25fe..9f72505ce 100644 --- a/luk/01/21.md +++ b/luk/01/21.md @@ -1,17 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:Jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:angel]] -* [[en:tw:courtyard]] * [[en:tw:fulfill]] -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:priest]] +* [[en:tw:serve]] * [[en:tw:temple]] * [[en:tw:vision]] -* [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes -* **Meanwhile** - This could be translated as "And" or "While the angel and Zechariah were talking." -* **wondering why he stayed so long in the temple** - This could also be translated with a direct quote: "They wondered, 'Why is he staying so long in the temple?'" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) -* **came out** - This could be translated as "came out of the temple building." +* **Meanwhile** - AT: "And" or AT: "While the angel and Zechariah were talking" +* **the people were waiting for Zechariah and wondering why he stayed so long in the temple** - This could also be translated with a direct quote: "the people were waiting for Zechariah, and they wondered, 'Why is he staying so long in the temple?'" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) +* **came out** - AT: "came out of the temple building." diff --git a/luk/01/24.md b/luk/01/24.md index bd3d17370..c4f22e74a 100644 --- a/luk/01/24.md +++ b/luk/01/24.md @@ -1,11 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:conceive]] +* [[en:tw:disgrace]] * [[en:tw:elizabeth]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] +* [[en:tw:peoplegroup]] ## translationNotes * **his wife** - "Zechariah's wife" -* **conceived** - "became pregnant" (UDB). Use an expression that is acceptable and will not embarrass people. +* **five months** - See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimemonth]]. * **This is what the Lord has done for me** - This phrase refers to the fact that the Lord allowed her to become pregnant. -* **watched over me** - This is an idiom that means "regarded me kindly" or "had pity on me" or "was compassionate toward me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **watched over me** - "regarded me kindly" or "had pity on me" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/luk/01/26.md b/luk/01/26.md index 915ff63a8..d0c5a0616 100644 --- a/luk/01/26.md +++ b/luk/01/26.md @@ -2,24 +2,24 @@ * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:david]] -* [[en:tw:elizabeth]] +* [[en:tw:descendant]] +* [[en:tw:favor]] * [[en:tw:gabriel]] * [[en:tw:galilee]] * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:grace]] * [[en:tw:josephnt]] -* [[en:tw:king]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:mary]] * [[en:tw:nazareth]] +* [[en:tw:trouble]] * [[en:tw:virgin]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* **the angel Gabriel was sent by God** - This could be translated as active voice "God told the angel Gabriel to go." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **engaged** - "pledged" or "promised to be married." This meant that Mary's parents had made a commitment for her to marry Joseph. +* **the angel Gabriel was sent by God** - AT: "God told the angel Gabriel to go." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **engaged** - "pledged" or "promised to be married" Mary's parents had made a commitment for her to marry Joseph. * **came to her** - "came to where Mary was" or "went to where Mary was" -* **Greetings** - “Rejoice” or "Be glad." This was a common greeting. -* **highly favored one** - This could also be translated as “you who are highly favored" or "you who have received grace" or "you who have received kindness.” +* **Greetings** - AT: “Rejoice” or AT: "Be glad" This was a common greeting. +* **highly favored one** - “you who are highly favored" or "you who have received grace" or "you who have received kindness” * **was very troubled** - "was disturbed" or "was afraid and confused" * **what kind of greeting this might be** - Mary understood the meaning of the individual words, but she did not understand why the angel said them to her. diff --git a/luk/01/30.md b/luk/01/30.md index 647963e36..e6f979356 100644 --- a/luk/01/30.md +++ b/luk/01/30.md @@ -1,22 +1,19 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:david]] -* [[en:tw:descendant]] -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:grace]] +* [[en:tw:father]] +* [[en:tw:forever]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:king]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] -* [[en:tw:lordgod]] -* [[en:tw:mary]] * [[en:tw:mosthigh]] +* [[en:tw:reign]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] +* [[en:tw:throne]] ## translationNotes -* **found favor with God** - This could be translated as "God has decided to give you his grace” or “God is being gracious to you" or “God is showing you his kindness.” -* **will be called the Son of the Most High** - This could be translated as "people will call him the Son of the Most High One" or "people will acknowledge that he is the Son of God Most High." -* **give him the throne of his father, David** - give him the throne of his father, David- This could be translated as "give him authority to rule as king like his ancestor David did." The throne represents the king's authority to rule. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **found favor with God** - AT:"God has decided to give you his grace” or “God is being gracious to you" or “God is showing you his kindness” +* **will be called the Son of the Most High** - AT: "people will call him the Son of the Most High One" or "people will acknowledge that he is the Son of God Most High" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **give him the throne of his father, David** - AT: "give him authority to rule as king like his ancestor David did" The throne represents the king's authority to rule. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **his father** - The Bible often uses the word "fathers" to refer to ancestors and uses the word "sons" to refer to descendants. The word "his" refers to Mary's son. diff --git a/luk/01/34.md b/luk/01/34.md index 67d9ee506..4363111fb 100644 --- a/luk/01/34.md +++ b/luk/01/34.md @@ -1,20 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:angel]] -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:holy]] +* [[en:tw:holyone]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] -* [[en:tw:mary]] -* [[en:tw:mosthigh]] * [[en:tw:power]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] * [[en:tw:virgin]] ## translationNotes -* **How will this happen** - This could be translated as "How is this possible?" Though Mary did not understand how it could happen, she did not doubt that it would happen. +* **How will this happen** - AT: "How is this possible" Though Mary did not understand how it could happen, she did not doubt that it would happen. * **will come over you** - This phrase and the next one are ways of saying that the Holy Spirit would supernaturally cause Mary to become pregnant even while she still remained a virgin. Make sure it is clear that there was no physical union involved; this was a miracle. -* **The power of** - This could be translated as "By his power." -* **will overshadow you** - This could be translated as "will cover you like a shadow" or "will be with you" or, "will cause this to happen." Again, make sure this does not imply any physical union. -* **the holy one** - "the holy child" or "the holy baby" -* **will be called** - This could be translated as "people will call him" or "people will acknowledge that he is." +* **The power of** - AT: "By his power" +* **will overshadow you** - "will cover you like a shadow" or AT: "will be with you" or AT: "will cause this to happen" Again, make sure this does not imply any physical union. +* **the holy one** - AT: "the holy child" or "the holy baby" +* **will be called** - AT: "people will call him" or "people will acknowledge that he is" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/01/36.md b/luk/01/36.md index 644637f60..06eb62fc0 100644 --- a/luk/01/36.md +++ b/luk/01/36.md @@ -1,18 +1,20 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:angel]] +* [[en:tw:barren]] +* [[en:tw:conceive]] * [[en:tw:elizabeth]] * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:mary]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* (The angel continues to speak to Mary:) +* This concludes the angel's speech to Mary. * **your relative** - If you need to state a specific relationship, Elizabeth was probably Mary's aunt or great-aunt. -* **also has conceived a son in her old age** - "has also become pregnant with a son, even though she is already very old" or "even though she is old, has also become pregnant and will bear a son." Make sure it doesn't sound like both Mary and Elizabeth were old when they conceived. -* **nothing is impossible for God!** - This could be translated as "because God can do anything." What God had done for Elizabeth was proof that God was able to do anything, and that he could even enable Mary to become pregnant without her having sexual relations. -* **I am the Lord's servant** - "I am a servant of the Lord." Choose an expression that shows her humility and obedience to the Lord. She was not boasting about being the Lord's servant. -* **Let this happen to me** - "Let these things happen to me." Mary was expressing her willingness for the things the angel had told her about to happen. +* **also has conceived a son in her old age** - "has also become pregnant with a son, even though she is already very old" or "even though she is old, has also become pregnant and will bear a son" Make sure it doesn't sound as though both Mary and Elizabeth were old when they conceived. +* **nothing is impossible for God!** - "because God can do anything" What God had done for Elizabeth was proof that God was able to do anything, and that he could even enable Mary to become pregnant without her having sexual relations. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **I am the Lord's servant** - "I am a servant of the Lord" Choose an expression that shows her humility and obedience to the Lord. She was not boasting about being the Lord's servant. +* **Let this happen to me** - Mary was expressing her willingness for the things to happen the angel had told her were about to happen. diff --git a/luk/01/39.md b/luk/01/39.md index 1287c93bb..9b1e61b3f 100644 --- a/luk/01/39.md +++ b/luk/01/39.md @@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ * [[en:tw:elizabeth]] * [[en:tw:filled]] -* [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:judea]] * [[en:tw:mary]] +* [[en:tw:womb]] * [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes * **Now** - This word introduces a new part of the story. Consider how your language does this. Some translations might not use an introductory word here. -* **got up** - This could be translated as "started out" or "got ready." -* **the hill country** - "the hilly area" or "the highlands" or "the mountainous part of Israel" -* **where she went** - This could be translated as "and she went" or "When she arrived, she went." +* **got up** - AT: "started out" or AT: "got ready" +* **the hill country** - "the hilly area" or "the mountainous part of Israel" +* **where she went** - "and she went" or AT: "when she arrived, she went" * **leaped** - "moved suddenly" diff --git a/luk/01/42.md b/luk/01/42.md index a3c65c10a..cf95ad240 100644 --- a/luk/01/42.md +++ b/luk/01/42.md @@ -1,17 +1,24 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:believe]] +* [[en:tw:believe|believe, believe in, belief]] * [[en:tw:bless]] +* [[en:tw:bless|bless, blessed, blessing]] +* [[en:tw:fruit]] +* [[en:tw:fruit|fruit, fruitful]] * [[en:tw:fulfill]] +* [[en:tw:fulfill|fulfill]] * [[en:tw:joy]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:joy|joy, joyful]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] +* [[en:tw:voice|voice]] ## translationNotes * **She** - It may be more clear or more natural to say "Elizabeth" here, depending on how you translated the previous verse. -* **the fruit of your womb** - This could be translated as "the baby in your womb" or "the baby you will bear" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **How is it that the mother of my Lord should come to me?** - This could be translated as "How wonderful it is that the mother of my Lord has come to me!" Elizabeth was not asking for information. Rather she was showing how surprised and happy she was that the mother of the Lord had come to her. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **the mother of my Lord** - This could be translated as "you, the mother of my Lord" since this refers to Mary. +* **the fruit of your womb** - AT: "the baby in your womb" or "the baby you will bear" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **How is it that the mother of my Lord should come to me?** - AT: "How wonderful it is that the mother of my Lord has come to me!" Elizabeth was not asking for information--rather, she was showing how surprised and happy she was that the mother of the Lord had come to her. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **the mother of my Lord** - AT: "you, the mother of my Lord" This refers to Mary. * **leaped** - "moved suddenly" or "turned forcefully" -* **She who has believed is blessed** - This could be translated as "You who have believed are blessed" or "Because you believed you will be glad." -* **the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord** - This could be translated as "the message from the Lord that was given to her" or "the things that the Lord told you." +* **She who has believed is blessed** - AT: "You who have believed are blessed" or AT: "Because you believed, you will be glad" +* **the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord** - AT: "the message that the Lord gave to her" or AT:"the things that the Lord told you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/01/46.md b/luk/01/46.md index f115e31bf..bc0656dac 100644 --- a/luk/01/46.md +++ b/luk/01/46.md @@ -1,10 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:exalt]] * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:joy]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:mary]] -* [[en:tw:praise]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] * [[en:tw:savior]] * [[en:tw:soul]] @@ -13,6 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **My soul…my spirit** - These could be translated as "Oh how I" or "how I" which express deep emotion. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) Mary is using a form of poetry where she states the same thing in two slightly different ways. Both "soul" and "spirit" refer to the spiritual part of a person. She is saying that her worship comes from deep inside her. If possible, translate these with two slightly different words or phrases that have that similar meaning. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **exalts** - "highly honors" or "greatly praises" * **rejoices in** - “feels very joyful about” or “is very happy about” * **God my Savior** - “God, the One who saves me” or “God who saves me” diff --git a/luk/01/48.md b/luk/01/48.md index fc6f420bd..8ddaf4e70 100644 --- a/luk/01/48.md +++ b/luk/01/48.md @@ -1,15 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bless]] -* [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:generation]] * [[en:tw:holy]] +* [[en:tw:lowly]] +* [[en:tw:mighty]] +* [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Mary continues to praise God:) -* **lowly** - "unimportant" or "ordinary" or "simple" or "poor." Mary did not have high social standing. -* **paid attention** - "thought about" or "remembered." It could be translated as "did not forget." This is not an issue of God's ability to remember, but his choosing to remember. +* Mary continues to praise God. +* **lowly** - "humble" or "poor" Mary did not have high social standing. +* **paid attention** - "thought about" or "remembered" or AT: "did not forget" This is not an issue of God's ability to remember, but his choosing to remember. * **from now on** - “now and in the future” -* **the Mighty One** - This refers to God. It could be translated as "God, the Powerful One." -* **his name** - "he" +* **the Mighty One** - AT: "God, the Powerful One" +* **his name** - Here "name" refers to the entire person of God. AT: "he" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/01/50.md b/luk/01/50.md index f2d9a2da1..a35e64866 100644 --- a/luk/01/50.md +++ b/luk/01/50.md @@ -1,17 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:fear]] -* [[en:tw:generation]] * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] * [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:proud]] ## translationNotes -* (Mary continues to praise God:) -* **And** - Some languages might not use a connecting word here, depending on how the previous verse was translated. -* **his mercy is for** - This could be translated as "God's mercy is for" or "he shows mercy to" or "he is merciful to." -* **generation after generation of people** - This could be translated as "every generation of people" or "people in all generations" or "people in every time period." +* Mary continues to praise God. +* **His mercy is for** - "he shows mercy to" or "he is merciful to" or AT: "God's mercy is for" +* **generation after generation of people** - AT: "every generation of people" or AT: "people in every time period" * **fear him** - This has a wider meaning than just being afraid. It also means to respect, honor, and obey God. -* **with his arm** - "by means of his arm." This is a figure of speech that refers to God's strength. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **scattered** - This could be translated as "caused [them] to run away in different directions" or "chased away." +* **with his arm** - "by means of his arm" This is a picture of God's strength. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **scattered** - "chased away" or AT: "caused them to run away in different directions" diff --git a/luk/01/52.md b/luk/01/52.md index 6fcb11579..bff601610 100644 --- a/luk/01/52.md +++ b/luk/01/52.md @@ -1,10 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:king]] +* [[en:tw:lowly]] +* [[en:tw:raise]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] +* [[en:tw:throne]] ## translationNotes -* (Mary continues to praise God:) -* **He has pulled down rulers from their thrones** - This could be translated as "He has taken away the authority of kings" or "He has made rulers stop ruling". A throne is a chair that a king sits on, and it is a symbol of his authority. If a king is brought down from his throne, it means he no longer has the authority to reign as king. -* **has raised up lowly people** - In this metaphor, people who are important are higher than people who are less important. If your language does not have this kind of metaphor, you could translate this as "has made humble people important" or "has given honor to people whom others have not honored." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **plenty of good things** - This could be translated here as "plenty of good food." +* Mary continues to praise God. +* **He has pulled down rulers from their thrones** - AT: "He has taken away the authority of kings" or AT: "He has made rulers stop ruling" A throne is a chair that a king sits on, and it is a symbol of his authority. If a king is brought down from his throne, it means he no longer has the authority to reign as king. +* **has raised up lowly people** - In this word picture, people who are important are higher than people who are less important. If your language does not have this kind of metaphor, you could translate this as AT: "has made humble people important" or AT: "has given honor to people whom others have not honored" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **given good things** - AT: "given good food" diff --git a/luk/01/54.md b/luk/01/54.md index 25d032f97..5b907b6cb 100644 --- a/luk/01/54.md +++ b/luk/01/54.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:abraham]] * [[en:tw:descendant]] +* [[en:tw:forever]] * [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] * [[en:tw:promise]] @@ -9,9 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Mary continues to praise God:) -* **He has helped** - "The Lord has helped" -* **his servant Israel** - "Israel" here refers to the nation, or people, of Israel. If readers confuse this with the the man named Israel, it could be translated as "his servant, the nation of Israel" or "Israel, his servants." -* **just as he promised** - "because he promised" +* This concludes Mary's praise to God. +* **He has helped** - AT: "The Lord has helped" +* **his servant Israel** - If readers confuse this with the the man named Israel, it could be translated as AT: "his servant, the nation of Israel" or AT: "Israel, his servants" * **his descendants** - "Abraham's descendants" -* (This is the end of Mary's speech.) +* **just as he promised to our ancestors he would do** - AT: "because he promised our ancestors he would be merciful" diff --git a/luk/01/56.md b/luk/01/56.md index 65e8a1a92..e0320aa8e 100644 --- a/luk/01/56.md +++ b/luk/01/56.md @@ -3,10 +3,12 @@ * [[en:tw:elizabeth]] * [[en:tw:mary]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] +* [[en:tw:neighbor]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] ## translationNotes +* **three months** - (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimemonth]].) * **returned to her house** - "Mary returned to her (Mary's) house" -* **deliver her baby** - "give birth (to her baby)" or "bear her child" -* **Her neighbors and her relatives** - "Elizabeth's neighbors and relatives" +* **deliver her baby** - "give birth to her baby" or "bear her child" +* **Her neighbors and her relatives** - AT: "Elizabeth's neighbors and relatives" diff --git a/luk/01/59.md b/luk/01/59.md index 5af0c4a49..24b3f3363 100644 --- a/luk/01/59.md +++ b/luk/01/59.md @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:circumcise]] +* [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes -* **On the eighth day** - This could be translated as "On the eighth day after the baby was born" or "When the baby was eight days old." -* **they** - This could be translated as "Zechariah's and Elizabeth's friends and relatives" or simply as "people." -* **to circumcise the baby** - This could be translated as "for the baby to be circumcised" or "for the baby's circumcision ceremony." One person circumcised the baby, and the others were there to celebrate with the family. +* **Then, on the eighth day** - "When the baby was eight days old" or AT: "Then, on the eighth day after the baby was born" (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeday]]) +* **they** - AT: "Zechariah and Elizabeth's friends and relatives" or AT: "people." +* **to circumcise the baby** - "for the baby to be circumcised" or AT: "for the baby's circumcision ceremony" One person circumcised the baby, and the others were there to celebrate with the family. * **they would have called him** - "they were going to name him" or "they wanted to give him the name" -* **after the name of his father** - This could also be translated as "like his father" or "his father's name." -* **by this name** - Since Elizabeth had said the name and they were talking to her, this could be translated as "by that name." +* **after the name of his father** - "his father's name" or AT: "like his father" +* **by this name** - "by that name" diff --git a/luk/01/62.md b/luk/01/62.md index a9ecea108..04e892389 100644 --- a/luk/01/62.md +++ b/luk/01/62.md @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **They made signs** - "They" refers to the people who were there for the circumcision ceremony. +* **They gestured** - "They" refers to the people who were there for the circumcision ceremony. * **to his father** - "to the baby's father" -* **what name he wanted him to be called** - This could be translated as "what name Zechariah wanted the baby to have" or "what he wanted his son to be named." -* **He asked** - "Zechariah asked." He must have used gestures in order to ask for the writing tablet. -* **writing tablet** - This could be translated as "something to write on." Some translators may want to add "and when they gave him one." +* **what name he wanted him to be called** - "what he wanted his son to be named" AT: "what name Zechariah wanted the baby to have" +* **He asked** - AT: "Zechariah asked" He must have used gestures in order to ask for the writing tablet. +* **writing tablet** - "something on which to write" * **very surprised** - "amazed" diff --git a/luk/01/64.md b/luk/01/64.md index 1de88992b..30cb1e5f4 100644 --- a/luk/01/64.md +++ b/luk/01/64.md @@ -2,18 +2,19 @@ * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:judea]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:praise]] -* [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] ## translationNotes -* **his mouth was opened...his tongue was freed** - These are idioms meaning that now he was able to speak. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Fear came on everyone who lived around them** - This could be translated as "All who lived around Zechariah and Elizabeth were afraid" or "All who lived around them were in awe of God" because they saw that God is powerful. "All who lived around them" does not refer only to their immediate neighbors, but to all who lived in that area. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **everything that happened was being talked about** - This could be translated as "people were talking about all these things that had happened." -* **who heard about them** - who heard about them- The word "them" refers to the things that had happened. +* **his mouth was opened...his tongue was freed** - These are word pictures meaning that now he was able to speak. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Fear came on everyone who lived around them** - "All who lived around Zechariah and Elizabeth were afraid" or AT: "All who lived around them were in awe of God" They saw that God is powerful. +* **everyone** - "Everyone" does not refer only to their immediate neighbors but to all who lived in that area. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **everything that happened was being talked about** - AT: "people were talking about all these things that had happened" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **who heard about this** - The word "this" here refers to the things that had happened. * **thinking** - "wondering" -* **and said** - This could be translated as "wondering" or "asking". -* **What will this child become?** - This could be translated as "What kind of great person will this baby grow up to be?" or "What a great man this child will be!" This is a rhetorical question that shows the people's surprise. Because of what they had heard about the baby, they realized that he would grow up to be an important man. -* **the hand of the Lord was with him** - "The Lord's power was with him" or "The Lord was working in him powerfully." This is an example of metonymy in which the phrase "the hand of the Lord" refers to the Lord's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **and said** - "and asked" +* **What will this child become?** - AT: "What kind of great person will this baby grow up to be?" or AT: "What a great man this child will be!" This question shows the people's surprise. Because of what they had heard about the baby, they realized that he would grow up to be an important man. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **the hand of the Lord was with him** - "The Lord's power was with him" or "The Lord was working in him powerfully" The phrase "the hand of the Lord" refers to the Lord's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/01/67.md b/luk/01/67.md index a1abb948c..a5d74ab6f 100644 --- a/luk/01/67.md +++ b/luk/01/67.md @@ -1,17 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:filled]] -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:holyspirit]] +* [[en:tw:filled|filled with the Spirit]] * [[en:tw:israel]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:praise]] +* [[en:tw:israel|Israel, Israelites, nation of Israel]] +* [[en:tw:peopleofgod]] +* [[en:tw:peopleofgod|people of God, my people]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] -* [[en:tw:zechariahnt]] +* [[en:tw:prophet|prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess]] ## translationNotes -* **spoke this prophesy** - This could be translated as "and prophesied, and this is what he said." Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotes in your language. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) -* **the God of Israel** - "the God who reigns over Israel" or "the God whom Israel worships." Israel here refers to the nation of Israel. Zechariah and the people he was talking to all belonged to the nation of Israel. -* **has come to us** - This is an idiom that means "has come to help us." -* ** his people** - "God's people" +* **spoke this prophesy** - AT: "prophesied and said" or AT: "and prophesied, and this is what he said" Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotes in your language. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) +* **the God of Israel** - AT: "the God who reigns over Israel" or AT: "the God whom Israel worships" Israel here refers to the nation of Israel. Zechariah, as well as the people to whom he was talking, all belonged to the nation of Israel. +* **has come to us** - AT: "has come to help us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **his people** - "God's people" diff --git a/luk/01/69.md b/luk/01/69.md index 543127816..18d426d12 100644 --- a/luk/01/69.md +++ b/luk/01/69.md @@ -1,19 +1,23 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:Savior]] +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:david]] * [[en:tw:descendant]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:holy]] * [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:promise]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:salvation]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Zechariah continues to prophesy.) -* **his servant David ** - his servant David - "King David, who served him" -* **just as God spoke** - Here, this could be translated as "That is what God promised he would do when he." -* **spoke through his holy prophets** - This could be translated as "caused his holy prophets to say" (UDB). When God spoke through the prophets, they used their own voices, but God enabled them to speak the words he wanted them to. -* **our enemies…everyone who hates us** - These two phrases both refer to those who are against God's people. This could be translated as "people who fight against us and want to harm us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **hand** - "power" or "control." The word "hand" is associated with the power or control that is being used to harm God's people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* Zechariah continues to prophesy. +* **his servant David** - AT: "King David, who served him" +* **just as God** - AT: "That is what God promised he would do when he" +* **spoke through his holy prophets** - AT: "caused his holy prophets to say" (UDB) When God spoke through the prophets, they used their own voices, but God enabled them to speak the words he wanted them to speak. +* **salvation from our enemies, and from the hand of everyone who hates us** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **and from the hand** - AT: "and salvation from the hand" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **hand** - "power" or "control" The word "hand" is associated with the power or control that is being used to harm God's people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/01/72.md b/luk/01/72.md index 089ce7f70..086f2e7b3 100644 --- a/luk/01/72.md +++ b/luk/01/72.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:abraham]] * [[en:tw:covenant]] * [[en:tw:fear]] +* [[en:tw:free]] * [[en:tw:holy]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] -* [[en:tw:promise]] +* [[en:tw:oath]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:serve]] ## translationNotes -* (Zechariah continues to prophesy.) +* Zechariah continues to prophesy. * **to show mercy** - "to be merciful to" or "to act according to his mercy" -* **remember** - In this context "remember" does not mean to not forget. It means to keep a commitment or fulfill something. -* **from the hand of our enemies** - "from the control of our enemies" or "from being harmed and enslaved by our enemies." "Hand" refers to the harmful control or power a person has over another person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **without fear** - This could be translated as "without being afraid of our enemies." -* **in holiness and righteousness** - "in holy and righteous ways" (UDB) or "while we live in a holy and righteous way" or "while we live holy lives and do what is right" +* **remember** - Here the word "remember" means to keep a commitment or fulfill something. +* **from the hand of our enemies** - "Hand" refers to the harmful control or power a person has over another person. AT: "from the control of our enemies" or "from being harmed and enslaved by our enemies." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **without fear** - AT: "without being afraid of our enemies" +* **in holiness and righteousness** - AT: "while we live in a holy and righteous way" or "to live holy lives and do what is right" * **before him** - "in his presence" or "according to his will" * **all our days** - "our entire life" diff --git a/luk/01/76.md b/luk/01/76.md index c5a587ce1..aeaa0b49c 100644 --- a/luk/01/76.md +++ b/luk/01/76.md @@ -1,7 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:forgive]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:know]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:mosthigh]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:save]] @@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Zechariah continues to prophecy, but now he speaks directly to his newborn son:) -* **will be called the prophet** - This means he actually will be the prophet and people will know him as such. To make that clear, this could be translated as "will be the prophet." -* **of the Most High** - This could be translated as "who serves the Most High" or "who speaks for God Most High." -* **how they can be saved through the forgiveness of their sins** - This can be translated as "how God will save them by forgiving their sins." +* Zechariah continues to prophesy, but now he speaks directly to his newborn son. +* **will be called the prophet** - At: "will be the prophet" This means he actually will be the prophet, not just called a prophet, and people will know him as such. +* **of the Most High** - AT: "who serves the Most High" or AT: "who speaks for God Most High" +* **how they can be saved through the forgiveness of their sins** - AT: "how God will save them by forgiving their sins" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/01/78.md b/luk/01/78.md index 18ab2cd29..0a38968c0 100644 --- a/luk/01/78.md +++ b/luk/01/78.md @@ -1,22 +1,31 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:darkness]] +* [[en:tw:darkness|darkness]] * [[en:tw:death]] +* [[en:tw:death|death, die, dead]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] +* [[en:tw:forgive|forgive, forgiveness]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:god|God]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] +* [[en:tw:heaven|heaven, sky, heavens, heavenly]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] +* [[en:tw:mercy|mercy, merciful]] * [[en:tw:peace]] +* [[en:tw:peace|peace, peaceful]] * [[en:tw:savior]] +* [[en:tw:savior|Savior]] ## translationNotes -* (Zechariah continues prophesying to his newborn son.) -* **because of his tender mercy** - This could be translated as "because he is compassionate and merciful to us." -* **of our God** - Note that throughout these verses "our" and "us" are inclusive. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **like the rising sun** - "like the sunrise" or "like the dawn." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **He will shine upon** - This is a metaphor that means "He will give knowledge to." This could be translated as "He will give spiritual light to." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **people who sit in darkness** - This is a metaphor that means "people who do not know the truth". -* **and (who sit in) the shadow of death** - This is a metaphor that means "who are about to die" or "and who are afraid that they will soon die." -* **guide** - This is a metaphor for "teach." -* **our feet** - This is a synecdoche and refers to the whole person, not just the feet. It could be translated as "us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **into the path of peace** - This is a metaphor that means "into a peaceful life" or "into a life at peace with God." It could be translated as "to walk along a path that leads to peace" or "to live in a way that brings peace with God." Make sure your translation of this fits with how you translate "our feet." +* Zechariah continues prophesying to his newborn son. +* **because of his tender mercy** - AT: "because he is compassionate and merciful to us" +* **of our God** - Note that throughout these verses "us" and "our" are inclusive. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **like the rising sun** - "like the sunrise" or "like the dawn" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **He will shine upon** - AT: "He will give knowledge to" or AT: "He will give spiritual light to" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **people who sit in darkness** - AT: "people who do not know the truth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **and the shadow of death** - AT: "who are about to die" or "and who are afraid that they will soon die." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **guide** - "direct" or AT: "teach" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **our feet** - AT: "us" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **into the path of peace** - AT: "into a peaceful life" or AT: "into a life at peace with God" or AT: "to walk along a path that leads to peace" or "to live in a way that brings peace with God" Make sure your translation of this fits with how you translate "our feet." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/01/80.md b/luk/01/80.md index 9240151f9..6f0ea1e31 100644 --- a/luk/01/80.md +++ b/luk/01/80.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **kept growing** - "grew up (and became a man)." The translation of this should make it clear that he was no longer a child when he lived out in the deserted regions. -* **became strong in spirit** - "became spiritually mature" or "developed a strong moral character" or "grew stronger in his relationship with God" -* **until** - This does not necessarily mark a stopping point. John continued to live out in the desert even after he started preaching publicly. So it may be more clear to say "even up to the time when." -* **appear publicly** - This could be translated as "go before" or "preach in public." +* **became strong in spirit** - AT: "became spiritually mature" or AT: "grew strong in his relationship with God" or AT: "developed a strong moral character" +* **until** - “even when” This does not necessarily mark a stopping point. John continued to live out in the desert even after he started preaching publicly. +* **appear publicly to** - "go before" or AT: "preach in public" diff --git a/luk/02/01.md b/luk/02/01.md index 587e49966..7fe9e30b7 100644 --- a/luk/02/01.md +++ b/luk/02/01.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:caesar]] +* [[en:tw:census]] +* [[en:tw:decree]] * [[en:tw:governor]] * [[en:tw:rome]] * [[en:tw:syria]] @@ -11,10 +13,9 @@ * **it came about that** - This phrase is used to show that this is the beginning of an account. If your language has a way of showing the start of an account, you may use that. Some versions do not include this phrase. * **Caesar Augustus** - "King Augustus" or "Emperor Augustus." Augustus was the first emperor of the Roman Empire. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **sent out a decree ordering** - A decree is an order or command. This could be translated as "decreed" or "ordered" or "gave the command." -* **census** - A census is an official counting and recording of all the people in an area or country. It was used to collect taxes. -* **that a census be taken of all the people living in the Roman world ** - that a census be taken of all the people living in the Roman world - This could be translated as "that they register all the people living in the Roman world" or "that they count all the people in the Roman world and write down their names." +* **that a census be taken of all the people living in the Roman world ** - This could be translated as "that they register all the people living in the Roman world" or "that they count all the people in the Roman world and write down their names." * **the Roman world** - This could be translated as "the part of the world controlled by the Roman government" or "the countries ruled by the Roman emperor" or "the Roman empire." * **Quirinius** - Quirinius was appointed to be the governor of Syria. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **everyone went -** - This could be translated as "everyone started off" or "everyone was going." +* **everyone went -** - ** This could be translated as "everyone started off" or "everyone was going." * **his own town** - "the town his ancestors lived in" * **to be registered for the census** - "to have their name written in the register" or "to be included in the official count" diff --git a/luk/02/04.md b/luk/02/04.md index 0e1e7568b..bcf336501 100644 --- a/luk/02/04.md +++ b/luk/02/04.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ * [[en:tw:cityofdavid]] * [[en:tw:david]] * [[en:tw:descendant]] +* [[en:tw:family]] * [[en:tw:galilee]] * [[en:tw:josephnt]] * [[en:tw:judea]] @@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **traveled to the Judean town of Bethlehem** - This could be translated as "went up to the town of Bethlehem in Judea." Bethlehem was higher in elevation than Nazareth. -* **city of David ** - city of David - Bethlehem was called a city because of its importance, not its size. King David was born there and there was a prophecy that the Messiah would be born there. "City of David" could be translated as "city of King David." +* **city of David ** - Bethlehem was called a city because of its importance, not its size. King David was born there and there was a prophecy that the Messiah would be born there. "City of David" could be translated as "city of King David." * **to register** - This could be translated as "to have his name written in the register" or "to be included in the count." * **along with Mary** - Mary traveled with Joseph from Nazareth. It is likely that women were also taxed, so Mary would have needed to travel and be registered as well. * **who was engaged to him** - This could be translated as "his fiancée" or "who was promised to him." An engaged couple was considered legally married, but there would not have been physical intimacy between them. diff --git a/luk/02/06.md b/luk/02/06.md index 7f7db481d..f2439e010 100644 --- a/luk/02/06.md +++ b/luk/02/06.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ * **while they were there** - "while Mary and Joseph were in Bethlehem" * **the time came** - "it was time" * **to deliver her baby** - "to give birth to her baby." Use a common expression that will not embarrass people. -* **wrapped him snuggly in strips of cloth** - This could be translated as "wrapped him comfortably in a blanket" or "wrapped a blanket firmly around him." This act was an expression of love and concern for the newborn baby. +* **wrapped him snugly in strips of cloth** - This could be translated as "wrapped him comfortably in a blanket" or "wrapped a blanket firmly around him." This act was an expression of love and concern for the newborn baby. * **an animal feeding trough** - This was some kind of box or frame that people put hay or other food in for animals to eat. It was most likely clean and may have had something soft and dry like hay in it as a cushion for the baby. Animals were often kept near the home to keep them secure and to feed them easily. Apparently Mary and Joseph stayed in a room that was used for animals. * **guest room** - This is a separate area for guests or travelers. * **there was no room for them in a guest room** - "there was no space in the guest room for them to stay." This was probably because so many people went to Bethlehem to register. -* **because there was no room** - If it is not clear why Mary put her son in a feeding trough, you could explicitly state the implied information about them staying in a room for animals, and you could change the order of the information in verse 7. "There was no room for them in a guest room, so they stayed in a room for animals. When she gave birth to a son, her firstborn child, she wrapped him snugly in strips of cloth. Then she put him in an animal feeding trough." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **because there was no room** - If it is not clear why Mary put her son in a feeding trough, you could explicitly state the implied information that they had to stay in a place for animals, and you could change the order of the information in verse 7. "There was no room for them in a guest room, so they stayed in a place for animals. When she gave birth to a son, her firstborn child, she wrapped him snugly in strips of cloth. Then she put him in an animal feeding trough." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/02/08.md b/luk/02/08.md index 5fa482bfe..2cb90e369 100644 --- a/luk/02/08.md +++ b/luk/02/08.md @@ -1,7 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:angel]] +* [[en:tw:fear]] +* [[en:tw:flock]] * [[en:tw:glory]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:sheep]] * [[en:tw:shepherd]] @@ -12,4 +15,5 @@ * **flocks of sheep** - "groups of sheep." * **at night** - This could be translated as "after the sun had set and it was dark." * **an angel of the Lord** - This could be translated as "an angel from the Lord" or "an angel who serves the Lord" or "an angel who was sent by the Lord." +* **the glory of the Lord** - This means the bright light that is all around the Lord was also around the angel. * **appeared to them** - "came to them." diff --git a/luk/02/10.md b/luk/02/10.md index 1a534eb3c..2a3beee6c 100644 --- a/luk/02/10.md +++ b/luk/02/10.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:christ]] * [[en:tw:cityofdavid]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:goodnews]] +* [[en:tw:joy]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:savior]] * [[en:tw:sign]] diff --git a/luk/02/13.md b/luk/02/13.md index 450b6b887..35ee8022a 100644 --- a/luk/02/13.md +++ b/luk/02/13.md @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] @@ -11,5 +10,5 @@ * **a large number of the heavenly army** - The word "army" here could refer to a literal army, or it could be a metaphor for an organized group. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **praising God** - This could be translated as "They were praising God." -* **Glory to God in the highest** - Possible meanings are 1) "Give glory to God in the highest place" or 2) "Give the highest glory to God." It could be translated as "speak of God's glory in the highest place" or "Give God the highest praise." +* **Glory to God in the highest** - Possible meanings are 1) "Give honor to God in the highest place" or 2) "Give the highest honor to God." * **may there be peace on earth among people with whom he is pleased** - "may those people on earth with whom God is pleased have peace" diff --git a/luk/02/15.md b/luk/02/15.md index 668408535..ea0b420c4 100644 --- a/luk/02/15.md +++ b/luk/02/15.md @@ -1,12 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:bethlehem]] -* [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:josephnt]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:know]] * [[en:tw:mary]] -* [[en:tw:shepherd]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/02/17.md b/luk/02/17.md index 45f724d35..e8b76feff 100644 --- a/luk/02/17.md +++ b/luk/02/17.md @@ -1,10 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:glorify]] * [[en:tw:heart]] -* [[en:tw:mary]] * [[en:tw:praise]] -* [[en:tw:shepherd]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/02/21.md b/luk/02/21.md index 416e01745..bbb9bca05 100644 --- a/luk/02/21.md +++ b/luk/02/21.md @@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:circumcise]] +* [[en:tw:conceive]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:womb]] ## translationNotes -* **his name was called Jesus** - "they named him Jesus" or "they gave him the name Jesus" -* **which he had been called by the angel** - This could be translated as "the name the angel had called him" or "That was the name he had been called by the angel." +* **the name he had been given by the angel** - This could be translated as "the name the angel had called him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/02/22.md b/luk/02/22.md index c37d6cc85..45d933bca 100644 --- a/luk/02/22.md +++ b/luk/02/22.md @@ -1,12 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:dove]] * [[en:tw:holy]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:josephnt]] * [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] -* [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:mary]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:purify]] * [[en:tw:sacrifice]] * [[en:tw:temple]] @@ -17,7 +15,5 @@ * **the required number of days** - This could be translated as "the number of days that God required." * **for their purification** - "for them to become ceremonially clean" or "for God to consider them to be clean again" * **to present him to the Lord** - "to bring him to the Lord" or "to bring him into the Lord's presence." This was a ceremony acknowledging God's claim on the firstborn children who were male. -* **As it is written** - This could be translated as "They did this because it is written." +* **As it is written** - This could be translated as "They did this because Moses wrote" (See:[[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **male that opens the womb** - This is an idiom for "firstborn offspring that is a male." The law was about the firstborn offspring of both people and domestic animals, but in this context it could be translated as "firstborn son." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **turtledoves** - These are common birds that eat seeds and often live in open areas. They are small enough to be held in two hands, and people would eat them. -* **young pigeons** - These are birds that eat seeds and often live in hilly or mountain areas. They are small enough to be held in two hands, and people would eat them. diff --git a/luk/02/25.md b/luk/02/25.md index 1ddef3fac..a58411f8e 100644 --- a/luk/02/25.md +++ b/luk/02/25.md @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:comfort]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:reveal]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] +* [[en:tw:simeon]] ## translationNotes * **devout** - "devoted to God" or "faithful to God" * **Comforter of Israel** - This could be translated as "the one who would comfort Israel." It is another name for the "Messiah" or "Christ." * **the Holy Spirit was upon him** - "the Holy Spirit was with him." God was with him in a special way, and gave him wisdom and direction in his life. -* **it had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit** - This could be translated as "The Holy Spirit had shown him" or "The Holy Spirit had told him." +* **it had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit** - This could be translated as "The Holy Spirit had shown him" or "The Holy Spirit had told him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he would not die before he had seen the Lord's Christ** - This could be translated as "he would see the Lord's Christ before dying" or "he would see the Lord's Christ and die only after that." The word "Lord" here refers to God. diff --git a/luk/02/27.md b/luk/02/27.md index 49450cbb1..977d39131 100644 --- a/luk/02/27.md +++ b/luk/02/27.md @@ -1,9 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:peace]] * [[en:tw:praise]] * [[en:tw:servant]] @@ -13,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **came** - This could be translated as "went." -* **led by the Holy Spirit** - This could be translated as "directed by God" or "the Holy Spirit directed him." +* **led by the Holy Spirit** - "directed by God." AT: "the Holy Spirit directed him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the parents** - "Jesus' parents" * **the custom of the law required** - "the law of God required" * **received him** - "took him" diff --git a/luk/02/30.md b/luk/02/30.md index 6d60416e0..458454524 100644 --- a/luk/02/30.md +++ b/luk/02/30.md @@ -3,11 +3,14 @@ * [[en:tw:gentile]] * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:israel]] +* [[en:tw:light]] +* [[en:tw:peoplegroup]] * [[en:tw:salvation]] * [[en:tw:true]] ## translationNotes +* Simeon continues speaking. * **your salvation** - This refers to Jesus, the one through whom God would save people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **have prepared** - "have planned" or "caused to happen" * **in the sight of all peoples** - "for all people groups to see" diff --git a/luk/02/33.md b/luk/02/33.md index cfdac908e..ada281c73 100644 --- a/luk/02/33.md +++ b/luk/02/33.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:heart]] -* [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:sign]] * [[en:tw:soul]] +* [[en:tw:sword]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/02/36.md b/luk/02/36.md index 99b38a964..f27ea0b0a 100644 --- a/luk/02/36.md +++ b/luk/02/36.md @@ -8,12 +8,16 @@ * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:redeem]] * [[en:tw:temple]] +* [[en:tw:tribe]] * [[en:tw:worship]] ## translationNotes +* **Anna** - This is the name of a woman. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Phanuel** - This is the name of a man. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **years** - See [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeyear]]. * **after her marriage** - "after she married him" -* **a widow for eighty-four years** - Possible meanings are 1) she had been a widow for eighty-four years or 2) she was a widow and was now eighty-four years old. +* **a widow for eighty-four years** - four years** - Possible meanings are 1) she had been a widow for 84 years or 2) she was a widow and was now 84 years old. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **never left the temple** - This is probably an exaggeration meaning that she spent so much time in the temple that it seemed as though she never left it. It could be translated as "was always at the temple" or it could state the meaning without the hyperbole: "was often at the temple." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **with fastings and prayers** - "by abstaining from food and by praying" * **came up to them** - "approached them" or "went to Mary and Joseph" diff --git a/luk/02/41.md b/luk/02/41.md index ef676432f..8cf103e32 100644 --- a/luk/02/41.md +++ b/luk/02/41.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:feast]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:passover]] ## translationNotes @@ -10,4 +11,4 @@ * **they went up** - Jerusalem was on a hill, so people had to go up to it. * **after they had stayed the full number of days for the feast** - "when all the days of celebrating the feast were over" or "after celebrating the feast for the required number of days" * **they assumed** - "they thought" -* **the traveled a day's journey** - "they travelled one day" or "they went as far as people walk in one day" +* **the traveled a day's journey** - "they traveled one day" or "they went as far as people walk in one day" diff --git a/luk/02/45.md b/luk/02/45.md index 66567b33b..1a916c851 100644 --- a/luk/02/45.md +++ b/luk/02/45.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] * [[en:tw:temple]] +* [[en:tw:understand]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/02/48.md b/luk/02/48.md index fafd6e155..2d16e59ce 100644 --- a/luk/02/48.md +++ b/luk/02/48.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:godthefather]] +* [[en:tw:houseofgod]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/02/51.md b/luk/02/51.md index d0d09b5f8..41e9e6cee 100644 --- a/luk/02/51.md +++ b/luk/02/51.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:favor]] * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:grace]] * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:nazareth]] * [[en:tw:obey]] @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * **he went back home with them** - "Jesus went back home with Mary and Joseph" * **was obedient to them** - "obeyed them" or "was always obeying them" -* **treasured** - "carefully remembered" or "joyfully thought about." A treasure is something that is very valuable or precious. Mary considered the things her son did and said to be very precious. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **grow in wisdom and stature** - "become more wise and strong" +* **treasured all these things in her heart** - "carefully remembered all these things" or "joyfully thought about all these things." A treasure is something that is very valuable or precious. Mary considered the things her son did and said to be very precious. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **grow in wisdom and stature** - "become more wise and strong" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **increased in favor with God and people** - This could be translated as "people liked him more and more, and God blessed him more and more." diff --git a/luk/03/01.md b/luk/03/01.md index 3df536410..cff2ba981 100644 --- a/luk/03/01.md +++ b/luk/03/01.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:annas]] * [[en:tw:caesar]] * [[en:tw:caiaphas]] * [[en:tw:desert]] @@ -8,6 +9,7 @@ * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] * [[en:tw:highpriest]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:judea]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] * [[en:tw:tetrarch]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] @@ -15,4 +17,8 @@ ## translationNotes +* **Now** - This marks a new section of the story. +* **fifteenth year** - See [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeyear]]. +* **Philip...Lysanias** - These are the names of men. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Ituraea and Trachonitis...Abilene** - These are names of territories. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas** - They were serving together as high priests. diff --git a/luk/03/03.md b/luk/03/03.md index e6695db92..3d8cee161 100644 --- a/luk/03/03.md +++ b/luk/03/03.md @@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ * [[en:tw:baptize]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] * [[en:tw:jordanriver]] +* [[en:tw:preach]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:sin]] ## translationNotes -* **He traveled ** - He traveled - "John traveled" +* **He traveled ** - "John traveled" * **preaching a baptism of repentance** - This could be translated as "preached that people should be baptized to show that they were repenting of their sins." * **for the forgiveness of sins** - "so that their sins would be forgiven" or "so that God would forgive their sins." The repentance was for the forgiveness of sins. diff --git a/luk/03/04.md b/luk/03/04.md index f5b0c2c5d..6ce82bd2a 100644 --- a/luk/03/04.md +++ b/luk/03/04.md @@ -1,13 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:isaiah]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] +* [[en:tw:word]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes * **As it is written … prophet** - This could be translated as "This happened as Isaiah the prophet had written in his book" or "John fulfilled the words that the prophet Isaiah had written in his book." Verses 4-6 are a quotation from Isaiah [[:en:bible:notes:isa:40:03]]. -* **the way** - "the path" or "the road" * **Make ready….make his paths straight** - This section is in the style of Hebrew poetry, which often repeats important phrases in similar words. "Make ready the way of the Lord" is therefore another way to say "Make his paths straight." The main difference is the first indicates it happens once, while the second should continue to be done. * **Make ready the way of the Lord** - This metaphor of a road means "Repent and be ready for when the Lord comes." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Make his paths straight** - This image of a path is also a metaphor that means "Be continually ready for the Lord to come." +* **the way** - "the path" or "the road" +* **Make his paths straight** - This image of a path is also a metaphor that means "Be continually ready for the Lord to come." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/03/05.md b/luk/03/05.md index a52a19ee5..ee91e45cf 100644 --- a/luk/03/05.md +++ b/luk/03/05.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (The quote from Isaiah's prophecy continues.) +* The quote from Isaiah's prophecy continues. * **Every valley will be filled** - This could also be translated as "They will fill in every low place in the road." When people prepare the road for an important person who is coming, they fill in the low places with dirt so that the road will be level. This is part of the metaphor started in the previous verse. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Every mountain and hill will be made level** - This could also be translated as "They will level every mountain and hill" or "They will remove every high place in the the road." +* **Every mountain and hill will be made level** - This could also be translated as "They will level every mountain and hill" or "They will remove every high place in the the road." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **see the salvation of God** - This could be translated as "learn about how God saves people from sin." diff --git a/luk/03/07.md b/luk/03/07.md index d59a1bc0c..d969fc7f5 100644 --- a/luk/03/07.md +++ b/luk/03/07.md @@ -2,11 +2,13 @@ * [[en:tw:baptize]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:offspring]] +* [[en:tw:serpent]] * [[en:tw:wrath]] ## translationNotes * **to be baptized by him** - "for John to baptize them" * **You offspring of poisonous snakes** - This is a metaphor. Poisonous snakes are dangerous and represent evil. This could be translated as "You evil poisonous snakes!" or "You are evil like poisonous snakes." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **who warned you** - This starts off a rhetorical question. John was rebuking the people because they were asking him to baptize them so that God would not punish them, but they did not want to stop sinning. The whole rhetorical question could be translated as "You can't flee from God's wrath like this" or "Do you think that you can flee from God's wrath just by being baptized?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **who warned you** - This phrase begins a rhetorical question. John was rebuking the people because they were asking him to baptize them so that God would not punish them, but they did not want to stop sinning. The whole rhetorical question could be translated as "You can't flee from God's wrath like this" or "Do you think that you can flee from God's wrath just by being baptized?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **from the wrath that is coming** - This could be translated as "from the punishment that is coming" or "from God's wrath that he is about to act on" or "because God is about to punish you." The word "wrath" is being used to refer to God's punishment because his wrath precedes it. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/03/08.md b/luk/03/08.md index 7540de6c9..f33b3dc94 100644 --- a/luk/03/08.md +++ b/luk/03/08.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abraham]] +* [[en:tw:children]] +* [[en:tw:father]] * [[en:tw:fruit]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:repent]] ## translationNotes -* (John continues speaking to the crowds.) +* John continues speaking to the crowds. * **produce fruits that come from repentance** - This could also be translated as "Produce the kind of fruit that shows that you have repented" or "Do the good things that show that you have turned away from your sin." In this metaphor a person's behavior is compared to fruit. Just as a plant is expected to produce fruit that is appropriate for that kind of plant, a person who says that he has repented from his sin is expected to live righteously. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **saying within yourselves** - "saying to yourselves" or "saying in your heart" or "thinking" * **We have Abraham for our father** - "Abraham is our ancestor" or "We are Abraham's descendants." If it is unclear why they would say this, you may also add the implied information "So God won't punish us." diff --git a/luk/03/09.md b/luk/03/09.md index 8414afbce..bfe62eb2e 100644 --- a/luk/03/09.md +++ b/luk/03/09.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (John continues speaking to the crowd.) -* **the ax has been placed against the root of the trees ** - the ax has been placed against the root of the trees - This metaphor means that the punishment is about to start. This could be translated as "It is as if the ax has already been placed against the root of the trees" or "God is like a man who has placed his ax against the root of the trees." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down ** - This is a passive clause. It can be translated with an active clause "He chops down every tree that does not produce good fruit." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **thrown into the fire ** - thrown into the fire - This can be translated with an active clause "throws it into the fire." +* John continues speaking to the crowd. +* **the ax has been placed against the root of the trees ** - This metaphor means that the punishment is about to start. This could be translated as "It is as if the ax has already been placed against the root of the trees" or "God is like a man who has placed his ax against the root of the trees." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down ** - This is a passive clause. It can be translated with an active clause "He chops down every tree that does not produce good fruit." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **thrown into the fire ** - This can be translated with an active clause "throws it into the fire." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/03/12.md b/luk/03/12.md index c188d9bb6..4816d4303 100644 --- a/luk/03/12.md +++ b/luk/03/12.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:baptize]] -* [[en:tw:rome]] * [[en:tw:taxcollector]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] diff --git a/luk/03/14.md b/luk/03/14.md index b3879be26..093eeb079 100644 --- a/luk/03/14.md +++ b/luk/03/14.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:accuse]] +* [[en:tw:warrior]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/03/15.md b/luk/03/15.md index 9404d62b4..eb8b1c0c3 100644 --- a/luk/03/15.md +++ b/luk/03/15.md @@ -2,14 +2,19 @@ * [[en:tw:baptize]] * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:fire]] * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:sandal]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes * **as the people** - This refers to the same people who came to John. This could be translated as "because the people." * **I baptize you with water** - "I baptize using water" or "I baptize by means of water" * **not worthy even to untie the strap of his sandals** - This could be translated as "not important enough even to loosen the straps of his sandals." Untying the straps of sandals was a duty of a slave. John was saying that the one who would come is so great that John was not even worthy enough to be his slave. -* **sandals** - Sandals are shoes with straps that hold the bottom of the shoe to the foot. It could be translated as "shoes" or "flip-flops" or "thongs." +* **sandals** - "shoes" or "flip-flops" or "thongs" * **He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire** - This metaphor compares literal baptism that brings a person into contact with water to a spiritual baptism that brings them into contact with the Holy Spirit and with fire. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **fire** - Here this refers to God's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/03/17.md b/luk/03/17.md index fc93c4a62..88e9e4c9e 100644 --- a/luk/03/17.md +++ b/luk/03/17.md @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:chaff]] +* [[en:tw:storehouse]] +* [[en:tw:thresh]] * [[en:tw:thresh]] * [[en:tw:wheat]] +* [[en:tw:winnow]] ## translationNotes -* (John continues teaching about the Christ.) +* John continues teaching about the Christ. * **His winnowing fork...** - This metaphor compares how the Christ will separate the righteous people from the unrighteous people to how a man separates wheat grain from chaff. It can be translated as a simile to make the connection more clear: "The Christ is like a man whose winnowing fork is in his hand."(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **His winnowing fork is in his hand** - This can be translated as "He is holding a winnowing fork because he is ready." -* **winnowing fork** - This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar to a pitchfork. -* **his threshing floor** - This is a place where people separate the grain from the chaff. This can be translated as "his ground" or "the ground where he separates the grain from the chaff." -* **to gather the wheat** - This could also be translated as "Then he will gather the wheat." -* **storehouse** - "barn" or "granary." This is where the grain is kept safe in order to be used later. -* **burn up the chaff** - The chaff is not useful for anything, so people burn it up. +* **His winnowing fork is in his hand** - This can be translated as "He is holding a winnowing fork because he is ready." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **winnowing fork** - This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar to a pitchfork. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **his threshing floor** - AT: "his ground" or "the ground where he separates the grain from the chaff" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **to gather the wheat** - This could also be translated as "Then he will gather the wheat." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **burn up the chaff** - The chaff is not useful for anything, so people burn it up. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/03/18.md b/luk/03/18.md index c7eb04a9a..4a4c736cf 100644 --- a/luk/03/18.md +++ b/luk/03/18.md @@ -1,8 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:evil]] * [[en:tw:exhort]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] +* [[en:tw:herodias]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:preach]] * [[en:tw:prison]] diff --git a/luk/03/21.md b/luk/03/21.md index ef324bb10..caebd12ef 100644 --- a/luk/03/21.md +++ b/luk/03/21.md @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:baptize]] +* [[en:tw:beloved]] +* [[en:tw:dove]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:pray]] -* [[en:tw:son]] +* [[en:tw:sonofgod]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes @@ -15,5 +17,4 @@ * **Jesus also was baptized by John** - This could be translated as "John baptized Jesus, too." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the heavens opened up** - "the sky opened" or "the sky became open." This is more than a simple clearing of clouds, but it's not clear what it means. It possibly means that a hole appeared in the sky. * **the Holy Spirit came down on him** - "the Holy Spirit came down onto Jesus" -* **dove** - A dove is a small, gentle bird that people often used in the temple sacrifices and for food. It is similar to a pigeon. * **in bodily form like a dove** - "in physical form looking like a dove" diff --git a/luk/03/23.md b/luk/03/23.md index c3e37eaf5..1c9f6c98d 100644 --- a/luk/03/23.md +++ b/luk/03/23.md @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:josephnt]] ## translationNotes * **Now** - This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about about Jesus’ age and ancestors. It ends after Luke 3:37. If your language has a way of showing that what follows is background information, you should use it here. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_background]]) * **Jesus himself** - "this Jesus" or "this person Jesus." +* **thirty years of age** - AT: "30 years old" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]], [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeyear]]) * **He was the son (as was supposed) of Joseph** - "He was known as the son of Joseph" or "It was thought that he was the son of Joseph" or "People assumed that he was the son of Joseph" -* **the son of Heli** - Some translators may want to start a new sentence with "Joseph was the son of Heli" or "Joseph's father was Heli." +* **the son of Heli** - Some translators may want to start a new sentence with "Joseph was the son of Heli" or "Joseph's father was Heli." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the son of Heli, the son of Matthat, the son of Levi…** - The phrase "the son" is implied information. The text simply says "of Heli, of Matthat, of Levi…" This list could be translated as "who was the son of Heli, who was the son of Matthat, who was the son of Levi…" or "Joseph was the son of Heli, Heli was the son of Matthat, Matthat was the son of Levi" or "Heli's father was Matthat, Matthat's father was Levi…" Consider how people normally list ancestors in your language. You can use the same wording throughout the whole list. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/luk/03/25.md b/luk/03/25.md index 4e5526326..4b53ed4ee 100644 --- a/luk/03/25.md +++ b/luk/03/25.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* (This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors.) +* This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the son of Matthathias, the son of Amos...** - This could be translated as “who was the son of Matthathias, who was the son of Amos...” or “Joseph was the son of Matthathias, Matthathias was the son of Amos...” or “Joseph's father was Mattathias, Matthathias's father was Amos....” Use the same wording as you used in the previous verses. diff --git a/luk/03/27.md b/luk/03/27.md index ede8fd3ed..625847b64 100644 --- a/luk/03/27.md +++ b/luk/03/27.md @@ -1,7 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:zerubbabel]] ## translationNotes -* (This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors.) +* This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa...** - This could be translated as “who was the son of Joanan, who was the son of Rhesa...” or “Joda was the son of Joanan, Joanan was the son of Rhesa...” or “Joda's father was Joanan, Joanan's father was Rhesa....” Use the same wording as you used in the previous verses. diff --git a/luk/03/30.md b/luk/03/30.md index 3562b8f57..66e633a98 100644 --- a/luk/03/30.md +++ b/luk/03/30.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* (This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors.) +* This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the son of Simeon, the son of Judah…** - This could be translated as “who was the son of Simeon, who was the son of Judah…” or “Levi was the son of Simeon, Simeon was the son of Judah…” or “Levi's father was Simeon, Simeon's father was Judah….” Use the same wording as you used in the previous verses. diff --git a/luk/03/33.md b/luk/03/33.md index 4f293c1ab..16e8f4431 100644 --- a/luk/03/33.md +++ b/luk/03/33.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:Nahor]] +* [[en:tw:Terah]] * [[en:tw:abraham]] * [[en:tw:isaac]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] @@ -7,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* (This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors.) +* This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the son of Amminadab, the son of Admin...** - This could be translated as “who was the son of Amminadab, who was the son of Admin...” or “Levi was the son of Amminadab, Simeon was the son of Admin...” or “Nashon's father was Amminadab, Amminadab's father was Admin....” Use the same wording as you used in the previous verses. diff --git a/luk/03/36.md b/luk/03/36.md index d675ad203..612dc534e 100644 --- a/luk/03/36.md +++ b/luk/03/36.md @@ -1,12 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:adam]] +* [[en:tw:enoch]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:lamech]] * [[en:tw:noah]] +* [[en:tw:seth]] * [[en:tw:shem]] ## translationNotes -* (This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors.) +* This is a continuation of the list of Jesus' ancestors. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad...** - This could be translated as “who was the son of Cainan, who was the son of Arphaxad...” or “Levi was the son of Cainan, Cainan was the son of Arphaxad...” or “Shelah's father was Cainan, Cainan's father was Arphaxad....” Use the same wording as you used in the previous verses. * **Adam, the son of God** - This could be translated as "Adam, created by God" or "Adam, who was from God" or "Adam, the son, we could say, of God." diff --git a/luk/04/01.md b/luk/04/01.md index 1a02591d2..bbb595934 100644 --- a/luk/04/01.md +++ b/luk/04/01.md @@ -12,5 +12,6 @@ * **Then** - This refers to after John baptized Jesus. It could be translated as "Then after Jesus was baptized." * **was led by the Spirit** - This could be translated in active voice as "the Spirit led him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **was tempted there by the devil** - This could be translated as "was tempted by the devil to disobey God." It is not clear if he was tempted throughout the time, or at the end of the time. This can also be translated in active voice as "the devil tempted him there." +* **forty days** - AT: "40 days" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]], [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeday]]) +* **was tempted there by the devil** - This could be translated as "was tempted by the devil to disobey God." It is not clear if he was tempted throughout the time, or at the end of the time. This can also be translated in active voice as "the devil tempted him there." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he did not eat** - "He" refers to Jesus. diff --git a/luk/04/03.md b/luk/04/03.md index 715cb9969..1b444b235 100644 --- a/luk/04/03.md +++ b/luk/04/03.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bread]] +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:satan]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] -* [[en:tw:wordofgod]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes * **If you are the Son of God** - The devil was probably challenging Jesus to prove that he was the Son of God. * **this stone** - The devil was either holding a stone in his hand or pointing to a nearby stone. -* **It is written** - "it is written in the scriptures" or "the scriptures say" or "in the scriptures God said." The quotation is from Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:08:03]]. +* **It is written** - AT: "Moses has written in the scriptures." The quotation is from Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:08:03]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Man will not live on bread alone** - This could be translated as "People cannot live on just bread" or "It is not just food that makes a person live." The word "bread" is used to refer to food in general. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) The point is that food is not enough to sustain a person. People need to obey God. Jesus was quoting the scripture to say why he would not turn the stone into bread. diff --git a/luk/04/05.md b/luk/04/05.md index 3c5ffa401..4e6e436eb 100644 --- a/luk/04/05.md +++ b/luk/04/05.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:authority]] -* [[en:tw:glory]] +* [[en:tw:bow]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] -* [[en:tw:satan]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] +* [[en:tw:splendor]] * [[en:tw:worship]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/04/08.md b/luk/04/08.md index 3dbd6011f..07e646ce6 100644 --- a/luk/04/08.md +++ b/luk/04/08.md @@ -1,15 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:serve]] * [[en:tw:worship]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes * **answered and said to him** - "responded to him" or "replied to him" -* **It is written** - This could be translated as “it is written in the scriptures” or “the scriptures say” or “in the scriptures God said.” Jesus was quoting Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:06:13]]. +* **It is written** - AT: "Moses has written in the scriptures." Jesus was quoting Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:06:13]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **You must worship the Lord your God** - Jesus was quoting a law from the scriptures to say why he would not worship the devil. * **you** - This refers to the people in the Old Testament who received God's Law. You could use the singular form of 'you' because each person was to obey it, or you could use the plural form of 'you' because all of the people were to obey it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **him** - This refers to the Lord God. diff --git a/luk/04/09.md b/luk/04/09.md index 1f866830b..320112f08 100644 --- a/luk/04/09.md +++ b/luk/04/09.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:angel]] +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:satan]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] * [[en:tw:temple]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes * **the very highest point** - This was the corner of the temple roof. If someone slipped or jumped from there, they would be seriously injured or die. * **If you are the Son of God** - The devil was probably challenging Jesus to prove that he was the Son of God. -* **throw yourself down** - throw yourself down- "jump down to the ground" -* **It is written** - This could be translated as “it is written in the scriptures” or “the scriptures say” or “in the scriptures God said.” The devil partially quoted Psalm [[:en:bible:notes:psa:091:010]] in an effort to persuade Jesus to jump off the building. +* **throw yourself down** - "jump down to the ground" +* **It is written** - AT: "The Psalmist has written.” The devil partially quoted Psalm [[:en:bible:notes:psa:091:010]] in an effort to persuade Jesus to jump off the building. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **He will command** - "He" refers to God. diff --git a/luk/04/12.md b/luk/04/12.md index aef373384..e68206c30 100644 --- a/luk/04/12.md +++ b/luk/04/12.md @@ -1,12 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lordgod]] -* [[en:tw:satan]] +* [[en:tw:tempt]] * [[en:tw:test]] ## translationNotes -* **it is said** - This could be translated as "The scriptures say" or "It is written." Jesus quotes Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:06:16]] +* **it is said** - AT: "Moses has said" or "Moses has said in the scriptures." Jesus quotes Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:06:16]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **You must not test the Lord your God** - This can be translated as "Do not test the Lord your God." Jesus quoted this Scripture to say why he would not put God to the test by jumping down from the temple. This command is for God's people. * **until another time** - "until another occasion" diff --git a/luk/04/14.md b/luk/04/14.md index 61af28cc3..489662ca3 100644 --- a/luk/04/14.md +++ b/luk/04/14.md @@ -1,14 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:galilee]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:power]] -* [[en:tw:spirit]] +* [[en:tw:praise]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] ## translationNotes -* **with the power of the Spirit ** - with the power of the Spirit - This could be translated as "and the Spirit was giving him power." God was with Jesus in a special way, enabling him to do things that humans usually couldn't. +* **with the power of the Spirit ** - This could be translated as "and the Spirit was giving him power." God was with Jesus in a special way, enabling him to do things that humans usually couldn't. * **news about him spread** - This could be translated as "people spread the news about Jesus" or "people told other people about Jesus" or "knowledge about him was passed on from person to person." Those who heard Jesus told other people about him, and then those other people told even more people about him. * **throughout the entire surrounding region** - This refers to the areas or places around Galilee. * **everyone praised him** - "everyone said great things about him" or "all the people spoke about him in a good way" diff --git a/luk/04/16.md b/luk/04/16.md index 43ba73e85..5f159c132 100644 --- a/luk/04/16.md +++ b/luk/04/16.md @@ -5,13 +5,12 @@ * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:sabbath]] * [[en:tw:scroll]] -* [[en:tw:synagogue]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes -* **where he had been brought up** - This could be translated as "where his parents had raised him" or "where he grew up" or "where he lived when he was as a child." -* **As was his custom** - "As he normally did." It was his usual practice to go to the synagogue on the Sabbath day. +* **where he had been brought up** - This could be translated as "where his parents had raised him" or "where he grew up" or "where he lived when he was as a child". +* **As was his custom** - "As he normally did". It was his usual practice to go to the synagogue on the Sabbath day. * **The scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him** - This can also be translated with an active clause, as in "Someone gave him the scroll of the prophet Isaiah." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **scroll of the prophet Isaiah** - This refers to the book of Isaiah written on a scroll. Isaiah had written the words many years before, and someone else had copied them onto a scroll. * **the place where it was written** - "the place in the scroll where it said" or "the place in the scroll with these words" diff --git a/luk/04/18.md b/luk/04/18.md index 1b0c0a79c..90acba88a 100644 --- a/luk/04/18.md +++ b/luk/04/18.md @@ -1,13 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:anoint]] +* [[en:tw:captive]] +* [[en:tw:favor]] +* [[en:tw:free]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] +* [[en:tw:oppress]] * [[en:tw:preach]] +* [[en:tw:proclaim]] ## translationNotes -* (This is what Jesus read on the scroll from Isaiah [[:en:bible:notes:isa:61:01]].) +* 2]]) * **The Spirit of the Lord is upon me** - "God is with me in a special way." Someone saying this is claiming to speak the words of God. * **to proclaim freedom to the captives** - This could be translated as "to tell people who are being held captive that they can go free" or "to set free the prisoners of war." * **recovery of sight to the blind** - "to proclaim that the blind shall see" or "to give sight to the blind" or "to make the blind be able to see again" diff --git a/luk/04/20.md b/luk/04/20.md index 54e354895..6455a448d 100644 --- a/luk/04/20.md +++ b/luk/04/20.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:Josephnt]] +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:fulfill]] -* [[en:tw:scroll]] -* [[en:tw:son]] -* [[en:tw:synagogue]] +* [[en:tw:grace]] +* [[en:tw:witness]] +* [[en:tw:word]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes @@ -13,5 +14,5 @@ * **synagogue attendant** - This refers to a synagogue worker who made sure that the scrolls containing the scriptures were brought out and put away with proper care and reverence. * **were fixed on him** - "were focused on him" or "were looking at him" * **this scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing** - This could be translated as "What this scripture said would happen has happened now while you listened to it." Jesus was saying that he was fulfilling that prophecy by his actions and speech at that very time. -* **amazed at the gracious words coming out of his mouth** - "surprised about the gracious things he was saying" +* **amazed at the gracious words coming out of his mouth** - "surprised about the gracious things he was saying." Here "gracious" may refer to how well or eloquent Jesus spoke. Or, it may mean that Jesus spoke words about God's grace. * **Isn't this Joseph's son?** - This could be translated as "Isn't this just Joseph's son?" or "This is just Joseph's son!" or "His father is only Joseph!" People thought that Joseph was Jesus' father. Joseph was not a religious leader, so they were surprised that his son would preach what he did. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). diff --git a/luk/04/23.md b/luk/04/23.md index 8e85db4f0..0a453b1ad 100644 --- a/luk/04/23.md +++ b/luk/04/23.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:capernaum]] +* [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:proverb]] diff --git a/luk/04/25.md b/luk/04/25.md index e76bef1ea..cae1f98d2 100644 --- a/luk/04/25.md +++ b/luk/04/25.md @@ -2,17 +2,23 @@ * [[en:tw:elijah]] * [[en:tw:elisha]] +* [[en:tw:famine]] +* [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:israel]] * [[en:tw:leprosy]] +* [[en:tw:naaman]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:sidon]] +* [[en:tw:syria]] +* [[en:tw:true]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the people in the synagogue.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the people in the synagogue. * **I say to you in truth** - "I tell you truthfully." This phrase was used to emphasize the importance, truth, and accuracy of the statement that follows. * **widows** - A widow is a woman whose husband has died. * **during Elijah's time** - This could also be translated as "when Elijah was prophesying in Israel." The people Jesus was speaking to would have known that Elijah was one of God's prophets. If your readers would not know that, you can make this implicit information explicit as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **when the sky was shut up with no rain** - This can be translated as "when no rain came down from the sky" or "when there was no rain at all." This is a metaphor. The sky is pictured as a ceiling that was closed up to keep the water above it from coming down as rain. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **when there was a great famine** - "when there was a serious lack of food" or "when the people did not have enough food." A famine is a long period of time when the crops do not produce enough food for the people. -* **a widow living in Zarephath** - The people living in the town of Zarephath were Gentiles, not Jews. This could be translated as "a Gentile widow living in Zarephath." The people listening to Jesus would have understood that the people of Zarephath were Gentiles. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Naaman the Syrian** - A Syrian is a person from the country of Syria. The people of Syria were Gentiles, not Jews. This could be translated as "the Gentile Naaman from Syria." +* **a widow living in Zarephath** - The people living in the town of Zarephath were Gentiles, not Jews. This could be translated as "a Gentile widow living in Zarephath." The people listening to Jesus would have understood that the people of Zarephath were Gentiles. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]], [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Naaman the Syrian** - A Syrian is a person from the country of Syria. The people of Syria were Gentiles, not Jews. This could be translated as "the Gentile Naaman from Syria." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/luk/04/28.md b/luk/04/28.md index fa8e8715c..a94882e99 100644 --- a/luk/04/28.md +++ b/luk/04/28.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:rage]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/04/31.md b/luk/04/31.md index 888dad0fa..ff17d9a16 100644 --- a/luk/04/31.md +++ b/luk/04/31.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:capernaum]] * [[en:tw:galilee]] * [[en:tw:sabbath]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] +* [[en:tw:teach]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/04/33.md b/luk/04/33.md index 928725c8f..092715e76 100644 --- a/luk/04/33.md +++ b/luk/04/33.md @@ -6,11 +6,10 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:nazareth]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] -* [[en:tw:synagogue]] -* [[en:tw:unclean]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes -* **who had the spirit of an unclean demon** - "who was possessed by an unclean demon." (See: [[en:obe:kt:demonpossessed]]) +* **who had the spirit of an unclean demon** - "who was possessed by an unclean demon" * **he cried out with a loud voice** - "he shouted loudly." Some languages have an idiom for this like the English idiom "he shouted at the top of his lungs." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **What do we have to do with you?** - This could be translated as "What do we have in common?" or "We have nothing to do with you!" It is a belligerent response that means "You have no right to bother us!" +* **What do we have to do with you?** - This could be translated as "What do we have in common?" or "We have nothing to do with you!" It is a belligerent response that means "You have no right to bother us!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/luk/04/35.md b/luk/04/35.md index 47aa02a37..a8d3ab25f 100644 --- a/luk/04/35.md +++ b/luk/04/35.md @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:demon]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:spirit]] -* [[en:tw:unclean]] +* [[en:tw:command]] +* [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/04/38.md b/luk/04/38.md index 6737ba6e1..bfc46b371 100644 --- a/luk/04/38.md +++ b/luk/04/38.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:peter]] -* [[en:tw:synagogue]] +* [[en:tw:plead]] +* [[en:tw:serve]] ## translationNotes * **she was suffering with a high fever** - In some languages people would say "she was sick and her skin was very hot." -* **Simon's mother-in-law** - "the mother of Simon's wife" +* **Simon's mother-in-law** - in-law** - "the mother of Simon's wife" * **rebuked the fever** - "spoke sternly to the fever" or "commanded the fever to leave her" (UDB). This could be translated as "commanded that her skin should become cool" or "commanded the sickness to leave her." diff --git a/luk/04/40.md b/luk/04/40.md index a1ed7f7bc..adddaea41 100644 --- a/luk/04/40.md +++ b/luk/04/40.md @@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ * [[en:tw:christ]] * [[en:tw:demon]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/04/42.md b/luk/04/42.md index 5a831f8ac..fedafa881 100644 --- a/luk/04/42.md +++ b/luk/04/42.md @@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:judea]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] -* [[en:tw:pray]] * [[en:tw:preach]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] diff --git a/luk/05/01.md b/luk/05/01.md index 2bdd7826f..5eb194880 100644 --- a/luk/05/01.md +++ b/luk/05/01.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:fisherman]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:peter]] * [[en:tw:seaofgalilee]] diff --git a/luk/05/04.md b/luk/05/04.md index 402a40a40..b2cbee51d 100644 --- a/luk/05/04.md +++ b/luk/05/04.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/05/08.md b/luk/05/08.md index ac1853bc9..e41514dc0 100644 --- a/luk/05/08.md +++ b/luk/05/08.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] +* [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:jamessonofZebedee]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:johntheapostle]] * [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:peter]] * [[en:tw:sin]] * [[en:tw:zebedee]] diff --git a/luk/05/12.md b/luk/05/12.md index bfdb95093..8c8d75519 100644 --- a/luk/05/12.md +++ b/luk/05/12.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:clean]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:leprosy]] * [[en:tw:lord]] diff --git a/luk/05/14.md b/luk/05/14.md index 1ec37658e..6fb8364ba 100644 --- a/luk/05/14.md +++ b/luk/05/14.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:clean]] +* [[en:tw:command]] +* [[en:tw:instruct]] * [[en:tw:moses]] * [[en:tw:priest]] * [[en:tw:sacrifice]] diff --git a/luk/05/15.md b/luk/05/15.md index 5eaedf78b..a4aac266b 100644 --- a/luk/05/15.md +++ b/luk/05/15.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:pray]] * [[en:tw:report]] +* [[en:tw:teach]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/05/17.md b/luk/05/17.md index 892ccaa90..a8ba40760 100644 --- a/luk/05/17.md +++ b/luk/05/17.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:judea]] +* [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:power]] diff --git a/luk/05/20.md b/luk/05/20.md index 2ddc71467..7b131f258 100644 --- a/luk/05/20.md +++ b/luk/05/20.md @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:sin]] ## translationNotes @@ -13,4 +14,4 @@ * **your sins are forgiven you** - "you are forgiven" or "I forgive your sins" (UDB) * **question this** - "discuss this" or "reason about this." This could also be translated as "discuss whether or not Jesus had authority to forgive sins." * **Who is this who speaks blasphemies?** - This rhetorical question shows how shocked and angry they were at what Jesus said. It could also be translated as "This man is blaspheming God" or "He blasphemes God by saying that" or "Who does he think he is to blaspheme God like that?" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Who can forgive sins, but God alone?** - This rhetorical question can also be translated as "No one can forgive sins but God alone" or "God is the only one who can forgive sins." The implied information is that if a person claims to forgive sins he is pretending to be God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]].) +* **Who can forgive sins, but God alone?** - This rhetorical question can also be translated as "No one can forgive sins but God alone" or "God is the only one who can forgive sins." The implied information is that if a person claims to forgive sins he is pretending to be God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/05/22.md b/luk/05/22.md index 04b6a077c..e0ad3fada 100644 --- a/luk/05/22.md +++ b/luk/05/22.md @@ -1,16 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:authority]] -* [[en:tw:forgive]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:sin]] +* [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] ## translationNotes * **Why are you questioning this in your hearts** - This could also be translated as "You should not argue about this in your hearts" or "You should not doubt that I have the authority to forgive sins." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **in your hearts** - This is an idiom referring to the part of a person that thinks or believes. Some languages will find it more natural not to include this phrase. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Which is easier to say** - Jesus uses this rhetorical question to prepare them to connect his power to forgive with the miracle of healing that he is going to do. The whole question could be translated as "It is easy to say 'Your sins are forgiven,' but only God can cause this lame man to 'Get up and walk.'" +* **Which is easier to say** - Jesus uses this rhetorical question to prepare them to connect his power to forgive with the miracle of healing that he is going to do. The whole question could be translated as "It is easy to say 'Your sins are forgiven,' but only God can cause this lame man to 'Get up and walk.'" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **you may know** - Jesus was speaking to the scribes and Pharisees. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **the Son of Man** - Jesus was referring to himself. * **I say to you** - Jesus was saying this to the paralyzed man. The word "you" is singular. diff --git a/luk/05/25.md b/luk/05/25.md index 9cbf69ca1..a1b21e09a 100644 --- a/luk/05/25.md +++ b/luk/05/25.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:glorify]] * [[en:tw:god]] ## translationNotes -* **immediately** - "at once" or "right away" +* **Immediately** - "At once" or "Right away" * **amazement took hold of everyone** - "everyone who saw it was very surprised" * **filled with fear** - "very afraid" or "filled with awe" * **extraordinary things** - "amazing things" or "strange things" diff --git a/luk/05/29.md b/luk/05/29.md index f7fe1ed2f..1d3ac646a 100644 --- a/luk/05/29.md +++ b/luk/05/29.md @@ -1,22 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:banquet]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:matthew]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] * [[en:tw:sin]] -* [[en:tw:sin]] -* [[en:tw:taxcollector]] ## translationNotes -* **big banquet** - This is a feast or celebration like a party with a lot of food, drinks and guests. * **in his house** - "in Levi's house" * **reclining at the table** - This could be translated as "at the table" or "sitting at the table." The Greek style of eating at a feast was to lie on a couch and prop oneself up with the left arm on some pillows. -* **were murmuring** - "were complaining" or "were expressing discontent" * **to his disciples** - "to Jesus' disciples" * **Why do you eat** - The Pharisees and scribes used this rhetorical question to express their disapproval that Jesus' disciples were eating with sinners. The word "you" is plural. This could be translated as "You should not eat with sinners!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **physician** - "medical doctor" or "doctor" diff --git a/luk/05/33.md b/luk/05/33.md index 669cff5d1..2b04c4bee 100644 --- a/luk/05/33.md +++ b/luk/05/33.md @@ -1,10 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bridegroom]] -* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:fast]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] -* [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:pray]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/05/37.md b/luk/05/37.md index e81a16d97..c6d36438c 100644 --- a/luk/05/37.md +++ b/luk/05/37.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus tells the religious leaders another parable.) +* Jesus tells the religious leaders another parable. * **no man puts** - "no one puts" (UDB) or "people never put" * **new wine** - "grape juice." This refers to wine that has not fermented yet. * **wineskins** - These were bags made out of animal skins. They could also be called "wine bags" or "skin bags" (UDB). diff --git a/luk/06/01.md b/luk/06/01.md index 3759bc992..f4ac7dcbf 100644 --- a/luk/06/01.md +++ b/luk/06/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It happened** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* **Now it happened** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **grain fields** - In this case, these are large sections of land where wheat seed had been scattered to grow more wheat. * **heads of grain** - This is the topmost part of the wheat plant, which is a kind of large grass. It holds the mature grain or seeds of the plant. -* **Why are you doing something that is not lawful to do on the Sabbath** - This could be translated as, "Why are you picking grain on the Sabbath?" It is a rhetorical question that means "Picking grain on the Sabbath is against God's law!" The word "you" is plural, and refers to the disciples. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **Why are you doing something that is not lawful to do on the Sabbath day?** - This could be translated as, "Why are you picking grain on the Sabbath?" It is a rhetorical question that means "Picking grain on the Sabbath is against God's law!" The word "you" is plural, and refers to the disciples. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/luk/06/03.md b/luk/06/03.md index 956173a3f..b105a72aa 100644 --- a/luk/06/03.md +++ b/luk/06/03.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ * [[en:tw:lawful]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:priest]] -* [[en:tw:sabbath]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/06/06.md b/luk/06/06.md index 57cbff8b2..1331a2ab1 100644 --- a/luk/06/06.md +++ b/luk/06/06.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:accuse]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:sabbath]] diff --git a/luk/06/09.md b/luk/06/09.md index 4c40ad01a..e7f32c34a 100644 --- a/luk/06/09.md +++ b/luk/06/09.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:filled]] +* [[en:tw:good]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lawful]] * [[en:tw:life]] -* [[en:tw:sabbath]] +* [[en:tw:restore]] ## translationNotes * **to them** - "to the Pharisees" * **Is it lawful** - This is the beginning of a rhetorical question. Jesus wanted the Pharisees to think about it and acknowledge that it is lawful to heal on the Sabbath. This could be translated as "Which is lawful? To do good" or "Which does the law of Moses permit us to do?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **to do good or to do harm** - "to help someone or to harm someone" * **stretch out your hand** - "hold out your hand" or "extend your hand" * **restored** - "healed" diff --git a/luk/06/14.md b/luk/06/14.md index 736f30e4e..a3fe32e88 100644 --- a/luk/06/14.md +++ b/luk/06/14.md @@ -1,16 +1,20 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:Thomas]] +* [[en:tw:andrew]] +* [[en:tw:bartholomew]] * [[en:tw:jamessonofalphaeus]] * [[en:tw:jamessonofzebedee]] * [[en:tw:johntheapostle]] * [[en:tw:judasiscariot]] * [[en:tw:matthew]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:philiptheapostle]] ## translationNotes -* (This is a list of the twelve men Jesus chose to be his apostles.) +* This is a list of the twelve men Jesus chose to be his apostles. * **These were their names** - This phrase introducing the names was added to the ULB to clarify what the list is. Some translators may prefer not to write it. * **his brother Andrew** - "Simon's brother Andrew" -* **Zealot** - Possible meanings are 1) the Zealot or 2) "the zealous one. The first meaning indicates he was part of the group of people who wanted to free the Jewish people from Roman rule. This could be translated as "patriot" or "nationalist." The second meaning indicates that he was zealous for God to be honored. It could be translated as "passionate." +* **Zealot** - Possible meanings are 1) "the Zealot" or 2) "the zealous one." The first meaning indicates he was part of the group of people who wanted to free the Jewish people from Roman rule. This could be translated as "patriot" or "nationalist." The second meaning indicates that he was zealous for God to be honored. It could be translated as "passionate." * **became a traitor** - This could be translated as "betrayed his friend" or "turned his friend over to enemies" or "exposed a friend to danger by telling enemies about him." diff --git a/luk/06/17.md b/luk/06/17.md index 5436c30cb..7f6317aae 100644 --- a/luk/06/17.md +++ b/luk/06/17.md @@ -1,10 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:demon]] -* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:judea]] * [[en:tw:power]] * [[en:tw:sidon]] @@ -15,5 +13,5 @@ * **with them** - "with the twelve he had chosen" or "with his twelve apostles" * **and to be healed** - This could be translated with the active voice as "and for Jesus to heal them." If it is not clear to your readers that Jesus actually healed them, you could make it explicit by saying "and Jesus healed them." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **troubled with unclean spirits** - "bothered by unclean spirits." This could also be translated as "controlled by unclean spirits" or "held captive by unclean spirits." See the UDB for a translation using the active voice. -* **were also healed** - This could be translated with the active voice as "Jesus also healed." If it is not natural to talk about people being healed from unclean spirits, this could be translated as "Jesus set them free" or "Jesus made the evil spirits leave them." -* **power to heal was coming out from him** - This could be translated as "he had power to heal people." Jesus did not lose any power when power went out from him. +* **were also healed** - This could be translated with the active voice as "Jesus also healed." If it is not natural to talk about people being healed from unclean spirits, this could be translated as "Jesus set them free" or "Jesus made the evil spirits leave them." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **power to heal was coming out from him** - This could be translated as "he had power to heal people." diff --git a/luk/06/20.md b/luk/06/20.md index 84763aafa..22ad084c4 100644 --- a/luk/06/20.md +++ b/luk/06/20.md @@ -1,8 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bless]] -* [[en:tw:disciple]] -* [[en:tw:filled]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/06/22.md b/luk/06/22.md index 6136ea160..93285c5d4 100644 --- a/luk/06/22.md +++ b/luk/06/22.md @@ -1,20 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:evil]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:joy]] * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:reject]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] +* [[en:tw:reproach]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) -* **blessed are you** - blessed are you- “You receive God's favor” or “you benefit” or “how good it is for you” +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. +* **blessed are you** - “You receive God's favor” or “you benefit” or “how good it is for you” * **separate you from their company** - "exclude you" or "reject you" * **reproach you** - "criticize you in an insulting way" +* **reject your name** - AT: "reject you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **for the Son of Man's sake** - "because of the Son of Man" or "because you associate with the Son of Man" or "because they reject the Son of Man" * **in that day** - "when they do those things" or "when that happens" * **a great reward** - "a good payment" or "good gifts because of it" diff --git a/luk/06/24.md b/luk/06/24.md index 7c79d9019..9e7c48f60 100644 --- a/luk/06/24.md +++ b/luk/06/24.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **woe to you** - This phrase is repeated three times. It is the opposite of "blessed are you." Each time, it indicates that God's anger is directed at the people, or that something negative or bad awaits them. * **woe to you who are rich** - “how terrible it is for you who are rich ” or "trouble will come to you who are rich." It could be translated as “You who are rich, how sad for you” or “You who are rich, what sorrow you will have.” * **you have already received** - "you are already receiving in full" or "you are already receiving all you will receive" diff --git a/luk/06/26.md b/luk/06/26.md index 23b794db4..994da37c0 100644 --- a/luk/06/26.md +++ b/luk/06/26.md @@ -1,11 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:prophet]] -* [[en:tw:woe]] +* [[en:tw:falseprophet]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) -* **woe to you** - “how terrible it is for you ” or “trouble will come to you” or “how sad you should be” or “what sorrow you will have” +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. +* **Woe to you** - “How terrible it is for you ” or “Trouble will come to you” or “How sad you should be” or “What sorrow you will have” * **when all men** - That is "when all people," or "when everyone." * **treated the false prophets in the same way** - "spoke well of the false prophets" diff --git a/luk/06/27.md b/luk/06/27.md index bba5dd855..8ed5304ef 100644 --- a/luk/06/27.md +++ b/luk/06/27.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:curse]] * [[en:tw:love]] * [[en:tw:pray]] +* [[en:tw:wrong]] ## translationNotes -* (Apparently Jesus begins to speak to the whole crowd that was there, including those who were not his disciples.) +* Apparently Jesus begins to speak to the whole crowd that was there, including those who were not his disciples. * **Love… do good… bless… pray** - Each of these commands are to be done continually, not just a single time. * **love your enemies** - "care about your enemies" or "do what is good for your enemies" * **those who curse you** - "those who habitually curse you" diff --git a/luk/06/29.md b/luk/06/29.md index 50d10bf7c..96c7b8ec8 100644 --- a/luk/06/29.md +++ b/luk/06/29.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd to love their enemies.) +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd to love their enemies. * **To him who strikes you** - "If anyone hits you" * **on the one cheek** - "on one side of your face" * **offer him also the other** - This can be translated as "turn your face so that he can hit the other side, too." diff --git a/luk/06/31.md b/luk/06/31.md index 9c3d844bd..a7e92899f 100644 --- a/luk/06/31.md +++ b/luk/06/31.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd to love their enemies.) +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd to love their enemies. * **as you want people to do to you, you should do the same to them** - In some languages it may be more natural to reverse the order. "You should do to people the same as what you want them to do to you" or "Treat people they way you want them to treat you." -* **what credit is that to you?** - This is a rhetorical question. It could be translated with a statement "You will not receive any credit for that. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) This could be translated as "What praise will you receive for doing that? or "Will anyone think that you have done something special?" Another possible meaning is "What reward will you receive?" +* **what credit is that to you?** - This is a rhetorical question. It could be translated with a statement "You will not receive any credit for that. This could be translated as "What praise will you receive for doing that? or "Will anyone think that you have done something special?" Another possible meaning is "What reward will you receive?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/06/35.md b/luk/06/35.md index 79bfffa68..e2741bf4c 100644 --- a/luk/06/35.md +++ b/luk/06/35.md @@ -1,15 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:evil]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:good]] * [[en:tw:love]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] * [[en:tw:mosthigh]] +* [[en:tw:reward]] +* [[en:tw:son]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd to love their enemies.) +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd to love their enemies. * **your reward will be great** - "you will receive a great reward" or "you will receive good payment" or "you will receive good gifts because of it" * **you will be sons of the Most High** - The words "sons of" is an idiom meaning "like." It indicates that people who love their enemies act like God acts. This could be translated as "you will be acting like children of the the Most High God" or "you will be like the Most High God." Make sure that the word "sons" is plural so it is not confused with Jesus' title "The Son of God." * **unthankful and evil people** - "people who who do not thank him and who are evil" diff --git a/luk/06/37.md b/luk/06/37.md index c7e03138d..2269e23df 100644 --- a/luk/06/37.md +++ b/luk/06/37.md @@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus teaches the crowd not to judge people.) +* Jesus teaches the crowd not to judge people. * **Do not judge** - "Do not judge people" or "Do not criticize people" * **and** - This could also be translated as "and as a result" -* **you will not be judged** - Jesus did not say who would not judge. Possible meanings are 1) "God will not judge you" or 2) "no one will judge you." Both of these translations make it explicit who will not judge. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **you will not be judged** - Jesus did not say who would not judge. Possible meanings are 1) "God will not judge you" or 2) "no one will judge you." Both of these translations make it explicit who will not judge. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Do not condemn** - "Do not condemn people" -* **you will not be condemned** - Jesus did not say who would not condemn. Possible meanings are 1) "God will not condemn you" or 2) "no one will condemn you." Both of these translations make it explicit who will not condemn. -* **you will be forgiven** - Jesus did not say who would forgive. Possible meanings are 1) "God will forgive you" or 2) "they will forgive you." The first translation make it explicit who will forgive. +* **you will not be condemned** - Jesus did not say who would not condemn. Possible meanings are 1) "God will not condemn you" or 2) "no one will condemn you." Both of these translations make it explicit who will not condemn. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **you will be forgiven** - Jesus did not say who would forgive. Possible meanings are 1) "God will forgive you" or 2) "they will forgive you." The first translation makes it explicit who will forgive. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/06/38.md b/luk/06/38.md index b00c5c906..0f46c5a89 100644 --- a/luk/06/38.md +++ b/luk/06/38.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people.) +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people. * **and it will be given to you** - Jesus did not say explicitly who would give. Possible meanings are 1) “someone will give it to you” or 2) "God will give it to you." Both of these translations make the giver explicit.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **a generous amount** - "a large amount" * **A generous amount ... your lap** - The order of this sentence can be reversed and active verbs can be used. "They will pour into your lap a generous amount that they have pressed down and shaken together and that is spilling over." Jesus used the metaphor of a grain merchant giving a generous amount. It could be translated as a simile "Like a grain merchant who presses down the grain and shakes it together and pours in so much grain that it spills over, they will give generously to you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/luk/06/39.md b/luk/06/39.md index 602cb2ac6..c819aa87f 100644 --- a/luk/06/39.md +++ b/luk/06/39.md @@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:parable]] +* [[en:tw:pit]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people.) +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people. * **Can a blind person guide another blind person?** - Jesus used this rhetorical question to get people to think about something that they already knew. It can be translated as "A blind person cannot guide another blind person, can he?" or "We all know that a blind person cannot guide another blind person." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **If he did** - Some languages might prefer "if one did." -* **they would both fall into a pit, would they not?** - This is another rhetorical question. It could be translated as "Would they not both fall into a pit?" or "They both would fall into a hole" (UDB). +* **they would both fall into a pit, would they not?** - This is another rhetorical question. It could be translated as "Would they not both fall into a pit?" or "They both would fall into a hole" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **A disciple is not greater than his teacher** - This could either mean 1) "A disciple does not have more knowledge than his teacher" or 2) "A disciple does not have more authority than his teacher." It could be translated as "A disciple has not surpassed his teacher." * **everyone when he is completely trained** - "every disciple who has been trained well." It can be translated with an active verb: "every disciple whose training has reached its goal" or "every disciple whose teacher has fully taught him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/06/41.md b/luk/06/41.md index 821c9361c..7ac1815c6 100644 --- a/luk/06/41.md +++ b/luk/06/41.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people.) +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people. * **Why do you look** - This is a metaphor about noticing or judging others. It can be translated as a simile as it is in the UDB. "Why do you notice ... That is like..." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **tiny piece of straw** - This could be translated as "splinter" or "speck" (UDB). * **brother** - Here it could refer to a fellow Jew or a fellow believer in Jesus. diff --git a/luk/06/43.md b/luk/06/43.md index 57a2c7a05..0ad919941 100644 --- a/luk/06/43.md +++ b/luk/06/43.md @@ -4,16 +4,16 @@ * [[en:tw:fruit]] * [[en:tw:good]] * [[en:tw:grape]] +* [[en:tw:thorn]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people.) +* Jesus compares people to good and bad trees. (See [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **For** - "because." This links the fact that our character will be exposed as the reason why we should not judge our brother. * **good tree** - "healthy tree" * **rotten** - "decaying." It could be translated as "bad". * **each tree is known** - "recognized." This could be translated with an active verb, as in "people know a tree" or "people recognize a tree." * **fig** - the sweet-tasting fruit of the fig tree. The fig tree does not have thorns on it. -* **thornbush** - a plant or shrub that has thorns +* **thornbush** - a plant or shrub that has thorns. * **grape** - the sweet-tasting fruit of the grape vine. The grape vine does not have thorns on it. -* **briar bush** - a vine or shrub that has thorns -* These verses are a metaphor about how people's actions show what they are really like. If necessary, it could be explained as it is in the last sentence of the UDB with "In the same way …." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **briar bush** - a vine or shrub that has thorns. diff --git a/luk/06/45.md b/luk/06/45.md index 43b328296..4f3de8b3f 100644 --- a/luk/06/45.md +++ b/luk/06/45.md @@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd not to judge people.) -* These verses are a metaphor that compares the thoughts of a person to treasures that people store in a safe place. It could be translated without the figure of speech as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* Jesus compares the thoughts of a person to their physical treasures. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **The good man** - "The good person." The word "good" here refers to righteousness or moral goodness. The word "man" here refers to a person, male or female. It could be translated as "A good person" or "Good people" (UDB). -* **the good treasure of his heart** - "the good things he keeps in his heart" or "what he values" -* **brings out** - This could be translated without the metaphor as "lives his life" or "demonstrates" or "shows" (UDB). +* **the good treasure of his heart** - "the good things he keeps in his heart" or "what he values" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **brings out** - This could be translated without the metaphor as "lives his life" or "demonstrates" or "shows" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **that which is good** - "good things" * **from the abundance of his heart his mouth speaks** - "what he thinks in his heart affects what he says with his mouth" or "what he values in his heart determines what he says with his mouth." It could be translated without reference to the mouth and heart, as in "what a person says shows what he constantly thinks about" or "what he thinks about affects what he says." diff --git a/luk/06/46.md b/luk/06/46.md index 88df14cc6..c43471715 100644 --- a/luk/06/46.md +++ b/luk/06/46.md @@ -1,16 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:flood]] +* [[en:tw:foundation]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:obey]] * [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus teaches the crowd about the importance of obeying him.) +* Jesus teaches the crowd about the importance of obeying him. * **a man building a house...** - *This metaphor compares a man building a house on rock to a person who lives his life based on the teachings of Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **foundation** - "base" or "support" -* **solid rock** - This is the very large, hard rock that is deep under the soil. -* **built the house's foundation on solid rock** - "dug the foundation of the house deep enough to reach" or "built the house on solid rock." Some cultures may not be familiar with building on bedrock. In those cases, this could be translated in a more general way as in "set the house's foundation firmly in solid ground." -* **torrent of water** - "fast-moving water" or "river" -* **flowed against** - "crashed against" -* **because it had been well built** - "because the man had built it well" +* **solid rock** - This is the very large, hard rock that is deep under the soil. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **built the house's foundation on solid rock** - "dug the foundation of the house deep enough to reach" or "built the house on solid rock." Some cultures may not be familiar with building on bedrock. In those cases, this could be translated in a more general way as in "set the house's foundation firmly in solid ground." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **torrent of water** - "fast-moving water" or "river" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **flowed against** - "crashed against" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **because it had been well built** - "because the man had built it well" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/06/49.md b/luk/06/49.md index 076b3e1f6..ed9fc67e3 100644 --- a/luk/06/49.md +++ b/luk/06/49.md @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowd about the importance of obeying him.) -* **a man who built a house...** - *This metaphor now compares a man building a house without a foundation to a person who does not obey the teachings of Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **foundation** - "base" or "support" +* Jesus continues to teach the crowd about the importance of obeying him. +* **a man who built a house...** - This metaphor now compares a man building a house without a foundation to a person who does not obey the teachings of Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **foundation** - "base" or "support" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **without a foundation** - This could be translated as "but he did not dig down and build a foundation first." -* **torrent of water** - "fast-moving water" or "river" -* **flowed against** - "crashed against" -* **collapsed** - "fell down" or "came apart" +* **torrent of water** - "fast-moving water" or "river" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **flowed against** - "crashed against" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **collapsed** - "fell down" or "came apart" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/07/02.md b/luk/07/02.md index c1db09116..5fb9ab5c3 100644 --- a/luk/07/02.md +++ b/luk/07/02.md @@ -2,10 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:centurion]] * [[en:tw:elder]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:jew]] +* [[en:tw:nation]] +* [[en:tw:precious]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/07/06.md b/luk/07/06.md index 80787798e..2807862df 100644 --- a/luk/07/06.md +++ b/luk/07/06.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:centurion]] +* [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:heal]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:warrior]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes * **Do not trouble yourself** - "Don't trouble yourself by coming to my house." It could also be translated as "I don't wish to bother you." The centurion was speaking politely to Jesus. * **enter under my roof** - "come into my house". "Enter under my roof" is an idiom. If you language has an idiom meaning "come into my house," think about whether it would be good to use here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **just say a word** - This can be translated as "just give the order." The servant understood that Jesus could heal the servant just by speaking. +* **just say a word** - This can be translated as "just give the order." The servant understood that Jesus could heal the servant just by speaking. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **my servant will be healed** - The word that is translated here as "servant" is normally translated as "boy." It may indicate that the servant was very young, or show the centurion's affection for him. * **to my servant** - The word that is translated here as "servant" is the typical word for a servant. diff --git a/luk/07/09.md b/luk/07/09.md index a52d57396..181e0c169 100644 --- a/luk/07/09.md +++ b/luk/07/09.md @@ -1,7 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] +* [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:israel]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/07/11.md b/luk/07/11.md index ffeb8ba13..ef9241337 100644 --- a/luk/07/11.md +++ b/luk/07/11.md @@ -1,13 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:compassion]] * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] +* [[en:tw:gate]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] ## translationNotes * **it happened that** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* **Nain** - This is the name of a city. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **behold, a dead man** - The word "behold" alerts us to the introduction of the dead man into the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses "There was a dead man who was...” * **the city gate** - This could also be translated as "the entrance to the city." * **an only son to his mother** - "a woman's only son" diff --git a/luk/07/16.md b/luk/07/16.md index 8f7301068..50c7ab1ef 100644 --- a/luk/07/16.md +++ b/luk/07/16.md @@ -13,6 +13,5 @@ * **A great prophet** - They were referring to Jesus, not to some unidentified prophet. It could be translated as "This great prophet." * **has been raised among us** - "has come to be with us" or "has appeared to us" or "we have seen" * **looked upon** - "cared for" -* **this report** - "this word" or "this message" or "this news" -* **went forth** - "went out" or "was spread" -* **This report about him went forth** - This could also be translated as "People spread this report about Jesus" or "People told others this report about Jesus." "This report" refers to the things people were saying in verse 16. +* **This news about Jesus spread** - This could also be translated as "People spread this report about Jesus" or "People told others this report about Jesus." "This report" refers to the things people were saying in verse 16. +* **This news** - "This word" or "This message" diff --git a/luk/07/21.md b/luk/07/21.md index 3bf461164..5ed20c17b 100644 --- a/luk/07/21.md +++ b/luk/07/21.md @@ -1,19 +1,26 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:Johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:afflict]] +* [[en:tw:believe]] * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:clean]] * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:heal]] +* [[en:tw:hour]] +* [[en:tw:leprosy]] * [[en:tw:life]] +* [[en:tw:raise]] ## translationNotes +* **In that hour** - "At that time" * **and from evil spirits** - This could be translated as "and he set people free from evil spirits." * **granted** - "gave" * **needy people** - "poor people" * **report to John** - "tell John" * **The person who does not stop believing in me because of my actions is blessed** - This can be translated as "How good it is for the person who does not stop believing in me because of my actions." * **The person** - Since this is not a specific person, it can be translated as "People" or "Anyone" or "Whoever." +* **believing in me** - "trusting me completely" diff --git a/luk/07/24.md b/luk/07/24.md index f73d91820..a9b54469c 100644 --- a/luk/07/24.md +++ b/luk/07/24.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:desert]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:king]] +* [[en:tw:palace]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:reed]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus talks to the people about John the Baptist.) +* Jesus talks to the people about John the Baptist. * **What did you go out to see** - Jesus used this phrase in three rhetorical questions to cause the people to think about what kind of person John the Baptist was. It could be translated as "Did you go out to see …? Of course not!" or "Surely you did not go out to see …!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **a reed shaken by the wind** - This metaphor could also be translated as a simile: "a man who was like a reed shaken by the wind." It has two possible interpretations. 1) Reeds are easily moved by the wind, so it could refer to a person who is easily motivated to change his mind. 2) Reeds make noise when the wind rattles them, so it could refer to a person who talks a lot but his speech does not result in anything important (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). * **dressed in soft clothes** - "wearing expensive clothing." Rich people wore this kind of clothing. diff --git a/luk/07/27.md b/luk/07/27.md index 4e0832d80..d25d051ac 100644 --- a/luk/07/27.md +++ b/luk/07/27.md @@ -1,15 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:face]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:messenger]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to talk to the people about John the Baptizer) +* Jesus continues to talk to the people about John the Baptizer. * **This is he of whom it is written** - "That prophet is the one the prophets wrote about" or "John is the one the prophets wrote about long ago" * **Behold…** - In this verse, Jesus is quoting from the prophet Malachi and saying that John was that messenger in the writings of Malachi [[en:bible:notes:mal:03:01]] . * **before your face** - "in front of you" or "to go ahead of you." The word "you" is singular, because God was speaking to the Messiah in the quotation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **I say to you** - Jesus was speaking to the crowd, so "you" is plural. Jesus said this to emphasize the truth of the surprising thing he was about to say next. +* **I say to you** - Jesus was speaking to the crowd, so "you" is plural. Jesus said this to emphasize the truth of the surprising thing he was about to say next. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **among them that are born of women** - "among those to whom a woman has given birth." This is a figure of speech referring to all people. It could also be translated as "of all the people who have ever lived." * **no one is greater than John** - This can be translated positively as "John is the greatest." * **the least important person in the kingdom of God** - This refers to a person who will be part of the kingdom that God will establish." This could be translated as "who has entered into the kingdom of God." diff --git a/luk/07/29.md b/luk/07/29.md index 53e6024dd..b02b13335 100644 --- a/luk/07/29.md +++ b/luk/07/29.md @@ -1,19 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:baptize]] +* [[en:tw:declare]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] +* [[en:tw:reject]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] * [[en:tw:taxcollector]] +* [[en:tw:wise]] ## translationNotes -* (Luke, the author of this book, comments on how people responded to John and Jesus.) +* Luke, the author of this book, comments on how people responded to John and Jesus. * **they declared that God is righteous** - "they said that God had shown himself to be righteous" or "they declared that God had acted righteously" * **who had been baptized with the baptism of John** - "who had been baptized by John" or "whom John had baptized" * **who were not baptized by him** - "whom John had not baptized" or "who had refused to be baptized by John" or "who had rejected John's baptism" -* **God's council for them** - "God's purpose for them" or "God's plan for them" or "what God wanted them to do" -* **rejected God's council for themselves** - "chose to disobey what God told them" or "chose not to believe God's will" -* **Who were not baptized by him, rejected God's counsel for themselves** - This seems to imply that because they had rejected John's baptism, were not spiritually prepared to accept God's will for them. +* **Who were not baptized by him, rejected God's wisdom for themselves** - This seems to imply that because they had rejected John's baptism, were not spiritually prepared to accept God's will for them. +* **rejected God's wisdom for themselves** - "chose to disobey what God told them" or "chose not to believe God's will" +* **God's wisdom for them** - "God's purpose for them" or "God's plan for them" or "what God wanted them to do" diff --git a/luk/07/31.md b/luk/07/31.md index e1a2e6afd..be640593e 100644 --- a/luk/07/31.md +++ b/luk/07/31.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:flute]] +* [[en:tw:generation]] +* [[en:tw:mourn]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus talks about the people who have rejected him and John the Baptizer.) +* Jesus talks about the people who have rejected him and John the Baptizer. * **To what should I compare** - This is the start of a rhetorical question. Jesus used it to introduce a comparison that he was about to make. This whole question could also be translated as, "This is what I will compare this generation to. This is what they are like." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the people of this generation** - "the people living now" or "these people" or "you people of this generation" -* **They are like** - This is the beginning of Jesus' comparison. This is a simile (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]). Jesus is saying that the people of this generation were like children who were never satisfied with the way other children acted. +* **They are like** - This simile is the beginning of Jesus' comparison. Jesus is saying that the people of this generation were like children who were never satisfied with the way other children acted. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **marketplace** - This was a large, open-air area where people would come to sell their goods. -* **flute** - This is a long, hollow musical instrument which is played by blowing air in or over one end. * **and you did not dance** - "but you did not dance to the music" * **and you did not weep** - "but you did not weep with us" diff --git a/luk/07/33.md b/luk/07/33.md index 38a1370aa..38e8aefa0 100644 --- a/luk/07/33.md +++ b/luk/07/33.md @@ -2,7 +2,9 @@ * [[en:tw:bread]] * [[en:tw:demon]] +* [[en:tw:drunk]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:justify]] * [[en:tw:sin]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] * [[en:tw:taxcollector]] @@ -11,11 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the people. He explains why he compared them to children.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the people. He explains why he compared them to children. * **you say, 'He has a demon'** - Jesus was quoting what people were saying about John. It can be translated as an indirect quote: "you say that he has a demon" or "you accuse him of having a demon." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **not eating bread** - "not eating food." This can be translated as "frequently fasting." It does not mean that John never ate food. * **The Son of Man** - Since Jesus expected the people there to understand that he was the Son of Man, it could also be translated as "I, the Son of Man." -* **you say, 'Behold, he is a gluttonous man** - Jesus was quoting what the people were saying about him as the Son of Man. This can be translated as an indirect quote: "you say that he is a gluttonous man" or "you accuse him of eating too much." If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man", the indirect quote could be translated as "you say that I am a gluttonous man." +* **you say, 'Behold, he is a gluttonous man** - Jesus was quoting what the people were saying about him as the Son of Man. This can be translated as an indirect quote: "you say that he is a gluttonous man" or "you accuse him of eating too much." If you translated "The Son of Man" as "I, the Son of man", the indirect quote could be translated as "you say that I am a gluttonous man." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **he is a gluttonous man** - "he is a greedy eater" or "he habitually eats too much food" -* **a drunkard** - "a drunk" or "a habitual drunk" * **wisdom is justified by all of her children** - This is probably a proverb that Jesus was applying to this situation, because the people who rejected both him and John were not being wise. (See: [[en:obe:other:proverb]]) diff --git a/luk/07/39.md b/luk/07/39.md index 319ffe332..58764f41b 100644 --- a/luk/07/39.md +++ b/luk/07/39.md @@ -1,9 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] -* [[en:tw:sin]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/07/41.md b/luk/07/41.md index 116afac42..8d968f9c2 100644 --- a/luk/07/41.md +++ b/luk/07/41.md @@ -1,16 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:forgive]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:judge]] * [[en:tw:love]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus told Simon a story about people who are forgiven.) +* Jesus told Simon a story about people who are forgiven. * **There were two debtors to a certain lender** - "a certain lender had two debtors" -* **five hundred denarii** - "five hundred day's wages." "Denarii" is the plural of "denarius." (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) -* **fifty denarii** - "fifty day's wages" +* **five hundred denarii** - "500 day's wages." "Denarii" is the plural of "denarius." (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **fifty denarii** - "50 day's wages" * **Since they had no money to pay** - "When they did not have money to pay it back" * **he forgave them both** - "he forgave their debts" or "he canceled their debts" * **I suppose** - Simon was cautious about his answer. It could be translated as "Probably." diff --git a/luk/07/46.md b/luk/07/46.md index 99794092f..ec890477a 100644 --- a/luk/07/46.md +++ b/luk/07/46.md @@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ * [[en:tw:anoint]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] * [[en:tw:love]] +* [[en:tw:oil]] * [[en:tw:sin]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to Simon.) +* Jesus continues speaking to Simon. * **anoint my head with oil** - "put oil on my head." This was a way of welcoming an honored guest. It could be translated as "welcome me by anointing my head with oil." * **anointed my feet** - Though this was probably not a common practice, the woman greatly honored Jesus by doing this. * **has been forgiven much** - This can also be translated in the active voice with "who has received much forgiveness" or "whom God has forgiven much." diff --git a/luk/07/48.md b/luk/07/48.md index 55a756bff..67f8f667d 100644 --- a/luk/07/48.md +++ b/luk/07/48.md @@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:peace]] * [[en:tw:save]] * [[en:tw:sin]] ## translationNotes * **Your sins are forgiven** - "You are forgiven." It can also be expressed with an active verb: "I forgive your sins." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Your faith has saved you** - "Because of your faith, you are saved." The idea of "faith" can be translated with a verb: "Because you believe, you are saved." +* **Your faith has saved you** - "Because of your faith, you are saved." The idea of "faith" can be translated with a verb: "Because you believe, you are saved." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **go in peace** - This is a way of saying "good-bye" and giving a blessing at the same time. It can be translated as "As you go, do not worry anymore" or "May God give you peace as you go" (UDB). diff --git a/luk/08/01.md b/luk/08/01.md index a3c7e3bcb..bec701d52 100644 --- a/luk/08/01.md +++ b/luk/08/01.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:demon]] +* [[en:tw:castout]] * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] +* [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] * [[en:tw:manager]] * [[en:tw:marymagdalene]] +* [[en:tw:preach]] +* [[en:tw:proclaim]] * [[en:tw:thetwelve]] ## translationNotes * **And it happened** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **who had been healed of evil spirits and diseases** - This could be translated with active verbs: "whom Jesus had set free from evil spirits and healed of diseases." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Mary … and many other women** - Three of the women were named: Mary, Joanna, and Susanna. -* **Joanna the wife of Chuza, Herod’s manager** - This could also be translated as "Joanna, the wife of Herod's manager, Chuza." Joanna was Chuza's wife, and Chuza was Herod's manager. +* **Mary … and many other women** - Three of the women were named: Mary, Joanna, and Susanna. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Joanna the wife of Chuza, Herod’s manager** - This could also be translated as "Joanna, the wife of Herod's manager, Chuza." Joanna was Chuza's wife, and Chuza was Herod's manager. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/luk/08/07.md b/luk/08/07.md index 7f635d05d..350a985b4 100644 --- a/luk/08/07.md +++ b/luk/08/07.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:thorn]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **choked them** - The thorn plants took all the nutrients, water, and sunlight, so the farmer's plants could not grow well. * **produced a crop** - "grew a harvest" or "grew more seeds" * **Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear** - It may be more natural in some languages to use the second person: "You who have ears to hear, hear." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) diff --git a/luk/08/09.md b/luk/08/09.md index 751c92e08..27a806910 100644 --- a/luk/08/09.md +++ b/luk/08/09.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:disciple]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] -* [[en:tw:parable]] +* [[en:tw:mystery]] +* [[en:tw:understand]] ## translationNotes -* **You have been given the privilege of understanding** - This can be translated with an active verb and the implied information that God is the giver. "God has given you the gift of understanding" or "God has made you able to understand." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **You have been given the privilege of understanding** - This can be translated with an active verb and the implied information that God is the giver. "God has given you the gift of understanding" or "God has made you able to understand." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the mysteries of the kingdom of God** - These are truths that had been kept hidden but Jesus was revealing them. -* **seeing they will not really see** - "though they see, they will not perceive." If the verbs require an object it could be translated as "though they see things, they will not understand them" or "though they see things happen, they will not understand what they mean." (See: the section about [[https://door43.org/en/ta/vocabulary/verbs#verbs-and-objects]] on [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) -* **hearing they will not really understand** - "though they hear, they will not understand." If the verbs require an object it could be translated as "though they hear instruction, they will not understand the truth." +* **seeing they will not really see** - "though they see, they will not perceive." If the verbs require an object, this could be translated as "though they see things, they will not understand them" or "though they see things happen, they will not understand what they mean." (See: the section about Verbs and Objects on [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) +* **hearing they will not really understand** - "though they hear, they will not understand." If the verbs require an object it could be translated as "though they hear instruction, they will not understand the truth." (See: the section about Verbs and Objects on [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) diff --git a/luk/08/11.md b/luk/08/11.md index 7eef4fba1..b5b9ff13e 100644 --- a/luk/08/11.md +++ b/luk/08/11.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ * [[en:tw:satan]] * [[en:tw:save]] * [[en:tw:test]] -* [[en:tw:word]] * [[en:tw:wordofGod]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. He explains the meaning of the parable.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. He explains the meaning of the parable. * **the devil comes and takes away the word from their heart** - This means that he causes them to forget the word of God that they have heard. * **takes away** - In the parable this was a metaphor of a bird snatching away the seeds. Try to use words in your language that keep that image. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **so that they might not believe and be saved** - This can be translated with an active verb: "so they might not believe with the result that God saves them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) Since this is the devil's purpose, it can be translated as "because the devil thinks, 'They must not believe and they must not be saved.'" +* **from their heart** - This means the devil takes away their desire to believe the word of God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **so that they might not believe and be saved** - This can be translated with an active verb: "so they might not believe with the result that God saves them." Since this is the devil's purpose, it can be translated as "because the devil thinks, 'They must not believe and they must not be saved.'" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **during the time of testing they fall away** - "when they experience hardship they fall away from the faith" or "when they experience hardship they stop believing" diff --git a/luk/08/14.md b/luk/08/14.md index d20109dcd..44c0f4a17 100644 --- a/luk/08/14.md +++ b/luk/08/14.md @@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ * [[en:tw:fruit]] * [[en:tw:heart]] +* [[en:tw:perseverance]] * [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to explain the meaning of the parable.) -* **they become choked with the cares…** - "the cares and riches and pleasures of this life choke them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) or "as weeds prevent good plants from growing, the cares, riches, and pleasures of this life keep these people from becoming mature" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* Jesus continues to explain the meaning of the parable. +* **they become choked with the cares…** - "the cares and riches and pleasures of this life choke them" or "as weeds prevent good plants from growing, the cares, riches, and pleasures of this life keep these people from becoming mature" (See: (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **cares** - "the things that people worry about" * **pleasures of this life** - "the things in this life that people enjoy" -* **so they bring no fruit to maturity** - "they do not bear ripe fruit." This metaphor can be translated as a simile: "so like a plant that does not become mature and bear fruit, they do not become mature and produce good works." -* **produce fruit with perseverance** - "produce fruit by persevering." This metaphor can be translated as a simile: "like healthy plants that produce good fruit, they produce good works by persevering." +* **so they bring no fruit to maturity** - "they do not bear ripe fruit." This metaphor can be translated as a simile: "so like a plant that does not become mature and bear fruit, they do not become mature and produce good works." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **produce fruit with perseverance** - "produce fruit by persevering." This metaphor can be translated as a simile: "like healthy plants that produce good fruit, they produce good works by persevering." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/08/16.md b/luk/08/16.md index 0403a3701..05e6b611d 100644 --- a/luk/08/16.md +++ b/luk/08/16.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:know]] +* [[en:tw:lamp]] +* [[en:tw:lampstand]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to his disciples.) -* **a lamp** - This was a small bowl with a wick and olive oil for fuel. +* Jesus continues to speak to his disciples. * **a lampstand** - "a table" or "a shelf" * **For nothing is hidden, that will not be made known** - This can be translated positively as "Everything that is hidden will be made known." * **nor anything secret, that will not be known and come into the light** - This can be translated as "and everything that is secret will be known and come into the light." diff --git a/luk/08/19.md b/luk/08/19.md index e65d6e9e7..606b5de51 100644 --- a/luk/08/19.md +++ b/luk/08/19.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:brother]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:obey]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/08/22.md b/luk/08/22.md index 2115b3f41..b1740decf 100644 --- a/luk/08/22.md +++ b/luk/08/22.md @@ -2,10 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:seaofgalilee]] ## translationNotes * **Now it happened** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* **the lake** - This is lake of Genneseret which is also called the Sea of Galilee. * **as they sailed** - "as they went" * **fell asleep** - "slept" * **a storm of very strong winds came up** - "very strong winds suddenly began to blow" diff --git a/luk/08/24.md b/luk/08/24.md index 4f12146a1..55afc9490 100644 --- a/luk/08/24.md +++ b/luk/08/24.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:disciple]] +* [[en:tw:amazed]] +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:faith]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:obey]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] ## translationNotes * **Master** - The Greek word that is translated here as “Master” is a not the normal word for “Master.” This one refers to someone who has authority, and not to someone who owns someone else. You could also translate it as "Boss" or "Foreman" or with a word that is commonly used to address a person in authority, such as “Sir.” * **rebuked** - "spoke sharply to" * **they ceased** - "the wind and the waves stopped" -* **Where is your faith?** - This is a rhetorical question. Jesus was rebuking them mildly because they did not trust him to take care of them. It can be translated as "You should have had faith" or "You should have trusted me." +* **Where is your faith?** - This is a rhetorical question. Jesus was rebuking them mildly because they did not trust him to take care of them. It can be translated as "You should have had faith" or "You should have trusted me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Who is this** - This can be translated as "What kind of man is this." * **that he commands** - This can be the beginning of a new sentence: "He commands." diff --git a/luk/08/26.md b/luk/08/26.md index 8bd689b61..bfbde0f76 100644 --- a/luk/08/26.md +++ b/luk/08/26.md @@ -2,12 +2,11 @@ * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:galilee]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:tomb]] ## translationNotes -* **region of the Gerasenes** - Gerasenes were people from the city called Gerasa. +* **region of the Gerasenes** - Gerasenes were people from the city called Gerasa. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **opposite Galilee** - "on the other side of the lack from Galilee" * **a certain man from the city** - "a man from the city of Gerasa" * **had demons** - "he was controlled by demons" diff --git a/luk/08/28.md b/luk/08/28.md index f279fba5a..9f5cdcb9d 100644 --- a/luk/08/28.md +++ b/luk/08/28.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:demon]] +* [[en:tw:bond]] * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:desert]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:mosthigh]] +* [[en:tw:seize]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] +* [[en:tw:torment]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/08/30.md b/luk/08/30.md index ca141bdde..b90ed7d7c 100644 --- a/luk/08/30.md +++ b/luk/08/30.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abyss]] +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] diff --git a/luk/08/32.md b/luk/08/32.md index b4e691f63..bdd48e129 100644 --- a/luk/08/32.md +++ b/luk/08/32.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:demon]] +* [[en:tw:flock]] +* [[en:tw:pig]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/08/36.md b/luk/08/36.md index ed773115c..6198ce473 100644 --- a/luk/08/36.md +++ b/luk/08/36.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:demon]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:save]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/08/38.md b/luk/08/38.md index 0be82916f..4d84a9d3a 100644 --- a/luk/08/38.md +++ b/luk/08/38.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:plead]] +* [[en:tw:proclaim]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/08/40.md b/luk/08/40.md index 5832a1ee2..3346cc72d 100644 --- a/luk/08/40.md +++ b/luk/08/40.md @@ -1,15 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:capernaum]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] ## translationNotes * **the crowd welcomed him** - This could be translated as "the crowd joyfully greeted him." -* **And behold, there came a man named Jairus** - The word "behold" alerts us to Jairus as a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses "There was a man who was named Jairus.” +* **And behold, there came a man named Jairus** - The word "behold" alerts us to Jairus as a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses "There was a man who was named Jairus.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **one of the leaders of the synagogue** - "one of the leaders at the local synagogue" or "a leader of the people who met at the synagogue in that area" -* **he fell down at Jesus' feet** - 1) “bowed down at Jesus feet” or 2) “lay down on the ground at Jesus feet.” Jairus did not fall accidentally. He did this as a sign of humility and respect for Jesus. +* **fell down at Jesus' feet** - 1) “bowed down at Jesus feet” or 2) “lay down on the ground at Jesus feet.” Jairus did not fall accidentally. He did this as a sign of humility and respect for Jesus. * **she was dying** - "she was about to die" or "she was near death" * **But as he was going** - Some translators may need to first say "So Jesus agreed to go with the man." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **the crowds of people were pressing against him** - "the people were crowding tightly around Jesus" +* **the crowds of people were pressing against him** - "the people were crowding tightly around Jesus" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/08/43.md b/luk/08/43.md index d1a849750..47161fd78 100644 --- a/luk/08/43.md +++ b/luk/08/43.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:heal]] ## translationNotes -* (This event happens on the way to heal Jairus' daughter.) +* This event happens on the way to heal Jairus' daughter. * **had been bleeding** - "had a flow of blood." She was probably bleeding from her womb even when it was not the normal time for it. Some cultures may have a polite way of referring to this condition. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **but could not be healed by any of them** - "but none of them could cure her" * **touched the border of his garment** - "touched the fringe of his robe." Jewish men wore tassels on the edges of their robes as a part of their ceremonial dress, as commanded in God's Law. This is likely what she touched. diff --git a/luk/08/45.md b/luk/08/45.md index 9aff4ba78..1fcd34fad 100644 --- a/luk/08/45.md +++ b/luk/08/45.md @@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:power]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus is still on the way to heal Jairus' daughter.) +* Jesus is still on the way to heal Jairus' daughter. * **Master** - The word that is translated here as “Master” is a not the normal word for “Master.” This one refers to someone who has authority, and not to someone who owns someone else. You could also translate it as "Boss" or "Foreman" or with a word that is commonly used to address a person in authority, such as “Sir.” * **the crowds of people are pressing in on you and crowding you** - By saying this, Peter was implying that anyone could have touched Jesus. This implicit information can be made explicit if necessary as in the UDB. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **I knew that power was going out from me** - "I felt healing power go out from me." Jesus did not lose power or become weak, but his power healed the woman. diff --git a/luk/08/47.md b/luk/08/47.md index 12ea6262b..4445aabba 100644 --- a/luk/08/47.md +++ b/luk/08/47.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:Jesus]] +* [[en:tw:declare]] * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:peace]] +* [[en:tw:tremble]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the woman while on his way to heal Jairus' daughter.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the woman while on his way to heal Jairus' daughter. * **that she could not hide what she had done** - "that she could not keep it a secret that she was the one who had touched Jesus" +* **she came trembling** - "she came trembling with fear" * **in the presence** - "in the sight of" or "in the hearing of" or "before" * **falling down before Jesus** - Possible meanings are 1) “she bowed down in front of Jesus” or 2) “she lay down on the ground at Jesus feet.” She did not fall accidentally. She did this as a sign of humility and respect for Jesus. * **Daughter** - This was a kind way of speaking to a woman. Your language may have another way of showing this kindness. diff --git a/luk/08/49.md b/luk/08/49.md index 01cd2a89c..8f7aa959c 100644 --- a/luk/08/49.md +++ b/luk/08/49.md @@ -1,14 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:believe]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:save]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] ## translationNotes -* (A messenger arrives from Jairus' house as Jesus finishes speaking to the woman that he healed.) +* A messenger arrives from Jairus' house as Jesus finishes speaking to the woman that he healed. * **while he was still speaking** - "While Jesus was still speaking to the woman" * **synagogue leader** - This refers to Jairus. He was one of the leaders at the local synagogue. * **he answered him** - "Jesus answered Jairus." Jesus was speaking to the synagogue ruler, and not to the messenger. diff --git a/luk/08/51.md b/luk/08/51.md index 57bbbe942..1630d28b3 100644 --- a/luk/08/51.md +++ b/luk/08/51.md @@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:jamessonofzebedee]] * [[en:tw:johntheapostle]] +* [[en:tw:mourn]] * [[en:tw:peter]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continued on to Jairus' house despite hearing that his daughter was dead.) +* Jesus continued on to Jairus' house despite hearing that his daughter was dead. * **Then when he came to the house, he** - Because Jesus did not go alone to the house, it can be translated as "Then when they came to the house, Jesus." * **except Peter, John and James, and the father of the girl and her mother** - "He only allowed Peter, John and James, and the girl's father and mother to go inside" * **all the people there were mourning and wailing for her** - "all the people were showing how sad they were and crying loudly because the girl had died" diff --git a/luk/08/54.md b/luk/08/54.md index c516e7d6d..11dc71f78 100644 --- a/luk/08/54.md +++ b/luk/08/54.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/09/01.md b/luk/09/01.md index a2f3b7b98..aac825419 100644 --- a/luk/09/01.md +++ b/luk/09/01.md @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] * [[en:tw:power]] * [[en:tw:preach]] +* [[en:tw:send]] * [[en:tw:thetwelve]] ## translationNotes -* **the twelve ** - the twelve - This is the group of disciples that Jesus chose to be his apostles. -* **power and authority** - power and authority- These two terms are used together to show that the twelve had both the ability and the right to heal people. Translate this phrase with a combination of words that include both of these ideas. +* **power and authority** - These two terms are used together to show that the twelve had both the ability and the right to heal people. Translate this phrase with a combination of words that include both of these ideas. * **diseases** - "sicknesses." This refers to what makes a person sick. * **sent them out** - This could be translated as "sent them to various places" or "told them to go." diff --git a/luk/09/03.md b/luk/09/03.md index b74c3bf2b..69498ae36 100644 --- a/luk/09/03.md +++ b/luk/09/03.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bread]] +* [[en:tw:staff]] * [[en:tw:tunic]] ## translationNotes -* **he said to them** - "Jesus said to the twelve" -* **Take nothing ** - Take nothing - This could be translated as "Do not take anything with you" or "Do not bring anything with you." +* **He said to them** - "Jesus said to the twelve" +* **Take nothing ** - This could be translated as "Do not take anything with you" or "Do not bring anything with you." * **for your journey** - "for your trip" or "when you travel." They are to take nothing for their entire trip, as they move from village to village, and until they come back to Jesus. -* **staff ** - staff - "rod" or "walking stick." A staff was a large stick that was a used for balance when climbing or on uneven ground. It could also be used for defense against attackers. +* **staff ** - "rod" or "walking stick." A staff was a large stick that was a used for balance when climbing or on uneven ground. It could also be used for defense against attackers. * **whatever house you enter into** - "any house you enter" * **stay there** - "remain there" or "temporarily live in that house as a guest" * **from that place** - "from that town" or "from that area" diff --git a/luk/09/05.md b/luk/09/05.md index 3c558054d..ae3dd7d19 100644 --- a/luk/09/05.md +++ b/luk/09/05.md @@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:heal]] +* [[en:tw:proclaim]] * [[en:tw:receive]] * [[en:tw:testimony]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to give directions to his twelve apostles.) +* Jesus continues to give directions to his twelve apostles. * **as for those who do not receive you** - This can be translated as "here is what you should do about the people who do not receive you." * **they departed** - "they left the place were Jesus was" * **everywhere** - "everywhere they went" diff --git a/luk/09/10.md b/luk/09/10.md index 51e1ae16a..835119e39 100644 --- a/luk/09/10.md +++ b/luk/09/10.md @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] @@ -11,3 +10,4 @@ * **they told him** - "the apostles told Jesus" * **everything they had done** - This refers to the teaching and healing that they did when they went to the other cities. * **And taking them with him, he went away by himself** - This could be translated as "He took them with him and they went by themselves." Jesus and his apostles went away by themselves. +* **Bethsaida** - This is the name of a city. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/luk/09/12.md b/luk/09/12.md index cf0d59440..46b6427d2 100644 --- a/luk/09/12.md +++ b/luk/09/12.md @@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **as the day began to come to an end** - "as the sun set" or "as the day ended" or "as evening came" +* **The day began to come to an end** - "As the sun set" or "As the day ended" or "As evening came" * **Dismiss the crowds** - "Tell the crowds to go away" * **unless we went and bought food** - This could be translated as "unless we were to go and buy food" or "unless we go and buy food." Or you could start a new sentence, "If you want us to feed them, we would have to go and buy food." -* **about five thousand men** - This number does not include the women and children who might have been present. +* **about five thousand men** - "about 5,000 men." This number does not include the women and children who might have been present. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **Have them sit down** - "Tell them to sit down" +* **fifty each** - "50 each" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/luk/09/15.md b/luk/09/15.md index 7aa9d5644..89c186447 100644 --- a/luk/09/15.md +++ b/luk/09/15.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] diff --git a/luk/09/18.md b/luk/09/18.md index 9b92b74bb..07368bde5 100644 --- a/luk/09/18.md +++ b/luk/09/18.md @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:elijah]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:pray]] diff --git a/luk/09/20.md b/luk/09/20.md index 099a4ac37..2cda17e98 100644 --- a/luk/09/20.md +++ b/luk/09/20.md @@ -1,17 +1,19 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:anoint]] * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] +* [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:elder]] * [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:peter]] * [[en:tw:raise]] +* [[en:tw:reject]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] +* [[en:tw:suffer]] ## translationNotes -* **And he said to them** - "And Jesus said to his disciples" +* **He said to them** - "Jesus said to his disciples" * **And answering, Peter said** - "And Peter answered and said" or "And Peter answered by saying" * **But warning them, Jesus instructed them** - This can be translated as "But Jesus warned and instructed them" or "Then Jesus warned them strongly" (UDB). * **to tell this to no one** - "not to tell anyone" or "that they should not tell anyone." This is an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "But warning them, Jesus told them, 'Do not tell anyone.'" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) diff --git a/luk/09/23.md b/luk/09/23.md index c4e48f8a8..001b010f4 100644 --- a/luk/09/23.md +++ b/luk/09/23.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:cross]] +* [[en:tw:save]] ## translationNotes @@ -11,5 +12,5 @@ * **take up his cross daily** - "lift up his cross and carry it every day." This has the meaning of "be ready to suffer daily." * **follow me** - "go along with me" or "begin to follow me and keep on following me" * **what does it benefit a man** - This can be translated as "how does a person profit." This is part of a rhetorical question. It could also be translated as "It does not benefit a man" or "A man does not receive anything good." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **if he gains that whole world** - "if he gets everything in the world" +* **if he gains the whole world** - "if he gets everything in the world" * **loses or forfeits his own self** - This can be translated as "he himself is lost or destroyed." diff --git a/luk/09/26.md b/luk/09/26.md index 64204b1a3..883737ed5 100644 --- a/luk/09/26.md +++ b/luk/09/26.md @@ -1,19 +1,22 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amen]] * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:glory]] -* [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:holy]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:shame]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues talking to his disciples.) +* Jesus continues talking to his disciples. * **and my words** - "and what I say" or "and what I teach" * **of him will the Son of Man be ashamed** - This can be translated as "the Son of Man will also be ashamed of him." -* **the Son of Man** - Jesus was speaking about himself. This could be translated as "I, the Son of Man." +* **the Son of Man** - Jesus was speaking about himself. AT: "I, the Son of Man." * **when he comes in his own glory** - Jesus was speaking of himself in the third person. This could be translated in the first person as "when I come in my own glory." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) * **some of them who are standing here** - Here Jesus was referring to some of the people he was speaking to. This could be translated as "some of you standing here now" (UDB). * **will not taste death until they see the kingdom of God** - This could be translated as "will see the kingdom of God before they die." diff --git a/luk/09/30.md b/luk/09/30.md index a0f9a2e75..966221907 100644 --- a/luk/09/30.md +++ b/luk/09/30.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **And behold, there were two men talking** - The word “behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. It can be translated as "Suddenly there were two men talking" or "Suddenly two men were talking." -* **who looked glorious** - This relative clause is adding information about Moses and Elijah. It can be translated as "and they looked glorious." (See: description of Relative Clauses in [[https://door43.org/en/ta/vocabulary/sentencestructure#clause]]on [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]]) +* **who looked glorious** - This relative clause is adding information about Moses and Elijah. It can be translated as "and they looked glorious." (See: description of Relative Clauses in the [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]] information) * **his departure** - "his leaving" or "how he would leave this world." It could be translated as "his death." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/luk/09/32.md b/luk/09/32.md index acfd66d68..e0e2fd640 100644 --- a/luk/09/32.md +++ b/luk/09/32.md @@ -1,10 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:elijah]] * [[en:tw:glory]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:moses]] -* [[en:tw:peter]] ## translationNotes @@ -12,4 +8,4 @@ * **the two men who were standing with him** - This refers to Moses and Elijah. * **It happened that** - This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **Master** - The word that is translated here as “Master” is a not the normal word for “Master.” This one refers to someone who has authority, and not to someone who owns someone else. You could also translate it as "Boss" or "Foreman" or with a word that is commonly used to address a person in authority, such as “Sir.” -* **shelter** - shelter- "tent" or "hut" +* **shelter** - "tent" or "hut" diff --git a/luk/09/34.md b/luk/09/34.md index 4f0f00509..a1b492397 100644 --- a/luk/09/34.md +++ b/luk/09/34.md @@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes -* **while he was saying these things** - "While Peter was saying these things" +* **while he was saying these things** - "while Peter was saying these things" * **they were afraid** - These adult disciples were not afraid of clouds. This phrase indicates that some kind of unusual fear came over them with the cloud. It could be translated as "they were terrified." * **A voice came out of the cloud saying** - If it is unnatural to talk about a voice speaking, it could be translated as "God spoke to them from the cloud, saying." -* **my chosen son** - This can be translated as "my son, whom I have chosen" (UDB) or "my son, the chosen one." The word "chosen" is adding information about God's Son. It is not saying that God has more than one son. (See: information about Adjectives on [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_partsofspeech]]) +* **my chosen Son** - This can be translated as "my Son, whom I have chosen" (UDB) or "my Son, the chosen one." The word "chosen" is adding information about God's Son. It is not saying that God has more than one son. (See: information about Adjectives on [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_partsofspeech]]) * **those days** - This may refer to the days until Jesus was taken up to Heaven after the resurrection or possibly the days directly after Jesus made the statement. diff --git a/luk/09/37.md b/luk/09/37.md index 6a1c7b69a..f846bf936 100644 --- a/luk/09/37.md +++ b/luk/09/37.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:disciple]] +* [[en:tw:plead]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] diff --git a/luk/09/41.md b/luk/09/41.md index d126df061..c789e92db 100644 --- a/luk/09/41.md +++ b/luk/09/41.md @@ -1,13 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:corrupt]] * [[en:tw:demon]] +* [[en:tw:generation]] +* [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] -* [[en:tw:spirit]] -* [[en:tw:unclean]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] +* [[en:tw:unbeliever]] ## translationNotes -* **And Jesus answered and said** - "And in answer Jesus said" +* **Jesus answered and said** - "In answer Jesus said" * **you unbelieving and corrupt generation** - This was addressed to the crowd that had gathered, and not to the disciples. * **how long will I have to stay with you and bear with you?** - This is a rhetorical question. Jesus did not expect and answer. The meaning is "I have done so much and still you do not believe!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Bring your son here** - Here Jesus is speaking directly to the father who addressed him. diff --git a/luk/09/43.md b/luk/09/43.md index c4e7b5134..2cf2e89fd 100644 --- a/luk/09/43.md +++ b/luk/09/43.md @@ -1,14 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] +* [[en:tw:understand]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* **they were all amazed at the greatness of God** - Jesus performed the miracle, but the crowd recognized that God was the power behind the healing. +* **They were all amazed at the greatness of God** - Jesus performed the miracle, but the crowd recognized that God was the power behind the healing. * **which he did** - "that Jesus did" * **Let these words go deeply into your ears** - This is an idiom that means "Listen carefully and remember" or "Do not forget this." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **the Son of Man** - Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be translated as "I, the son of Man." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) -* **delivered over into the hands** - "handed over to" (UDB). This entire sentence can be translated as "Men will hand the Son of Man over to the authorities." -* **they did not understand** - they did not understand- This could be translated as "they did not know he was talking about his death." +* **the Son of Man** - Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. AT: "I, the son of Man." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **delivered over into the hands** - "handed over to" (UDB). Here "hands" refer to power or control. AT: "Men will hand the Son of Man over to the authorities." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **they did not understand** - This could be translated as "they did not know he was talking about his death." diff --git a/luk/09/46.md b/luk/09/46.md index f749eb2be..7157d3f52 100644 --- a/luk/09/46.md +++ b/luk/09/46.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:receive]] @@ -8,4 +9,5 @@ * **among them** - "among the disciples" * **reasoning in their hearts** - "thinking about individually" or "considering in their private thoughts" +* **in my name** - This refers to a person doing something as a representative of Jesus. AT: "because of me" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the one who sent me** - "God, who sent me" (UDB) diff --git a/luk/09/49.md b/luk/09/49.md index 5fdaaf887..10fec2842 100644 --- a/luk/09/49.md +++ b/luk/09/49.md @@ -9,4 +9,5 @@ * **John answered and said** - "In reply, John said" or "John replied to Jesus." John was responding to what Jesus had said about being the greatest. He was not answering a question. He wanted to know what rank this man who was forcing out demons would have among the disciples. * **Master** - The word that is translated here as “Master” is a not the normal word for “Master.” This one refers to someone who has authority, and not to someone who owns someone else. You could also translate it as "Boss" or "Foreman" or with a word that is commonly used to address a person in authority, such as “Sir.” +* **in your name** - This means the person was speaking with the power and authority of Jesus. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **he that is not against you is for you** - This could be translated as "if a person does not hinder you, it is if they were helping you" or "if someone is not working contrary to you, he is working in your favor." Some modern languages have sayings that mean the same thing. diff --git a/luk/09/51.md b/luk/09/51.md index cb2a4dee4..8fc06fcc1 100644 --- a/luk/09/51.md +++ b/luk/09/51.md @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:face]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:messenger]] * [[en:tw:receive]] * [[en:tw:samaria]] diff --git a/luk/09/54.md b/luk/09/54.md index c30b06547..6d1a1041e 100644 --- a/luk/09/54.md +++ b/luk/09/54.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:jamessonofzebedee]] * [[en:tw:johntheapostle]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] ## translationNotes * **saw this** - "saw that the Samaritans did not receive Jesus" -* **command fire to come down from heaven and destroy them** - James and John suggested this method of judgment because they kew that this was how the prophets such as Elijah had judged people who rejected God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **command fire to come down from heaven and destroy them** - James and John suggested this method of judgment because they knew that this was how the prophets such as Elijah had judged people who rejected God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **he turned and rebuked them** - "Jesus turned and rebuked James and John." Jesus did not condemn the Samaritans, as the disciples expected. diff --git a/luk/09/57.md b/luk/09/57.md index 249a975bc..ce117bb21 100644 --- a/luk/09/57.md +++ b/luk/09/57.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **Foxes have holes…nowhere to lay his head** - Jesus was implying that if the the man were to follow him, that man too might not have a home. The implied information can be made explicit: "So do not expect that you will have a home." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **Foxes** - These are land animals similar to small dogs. They sleep in a den or a burrow in the ground. * **birds of the sky** - "birds that fly in the air" -* **Son of Man** - Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. This could be translated as "I, the Son of Man." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **Son of Man** - Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. AT: "I, the Son of Man." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) * **nowhere to lay his head** - "nowhere to rest my head" or "nowhere to sleep." This is a hyperbole. Jesus is exaggerating in order to get across the point that he was not welcome anywhere to live. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/luk/09/59.md b/luk/09/59.md index c9b3404e8..f967d452a 100644 --- a/luk/09/59.md +++ b/luk/09/59.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:bury]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] * [[en:tw:lord]] diff --git a/luk/09/61.md b/luk/09/61.md index 880a2670d..03d7f9b1c 100644 --- a/luk/09/61.md +++ b/luk/09/61.md @@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:plow]] ## translationNotes -* **I will follow you ** - I will follow you - "I will join you as a disciple" or "I am ready to follow you" or "I promise to follow you" +* **I will follow you ** - "I will join you as a disciple" or "I am ready to follow you" or "I promise to follow you" * **first allow me to say farewell** - This could be translated as "before I do that, let me say goodbye" or "let me first tell them that I am leaving." * **them that are at my house** - "my household" or "the people at my home" * **No one…fit for the kingdom of God** - Jesus states this as a general principle that applies to every person. The implied meaning to the man, however is "You will not be fit for my kingdom if you focus on the people in your past instead of on following me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/10/01.md b/luk/10/01.md index 0934dd5ff..6b0d86779 100644 --- a/luk/10/01.md +++ b/luk/10/01.md @@ -1,12 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:appoint]] * [[en:tw:harvest]] * [[en:tw:labor]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:pray]] ## translationNotes -* **seventy** - Some versions say "seventy-two." You may want to include a footnote that says that. +* **seventy** - "70." Some versions say "seventy-two" or "72." You may want to include a footnote that says that. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **sent them out by pairs** - "sent them out in groups of two" or "sent them out with two people in each group" * **He said to them** - This was before the men actually went out. This can be translated as "This is what he said to them" or "Before they went out he told them." * **The harvest is plentiful but the laborers are few** - "There is a big crop, but not enough workers to bring it in." This metaphor means that there are many people who are ready to be brought into the [[en:obe:kt:kingdomofgod]]) diff --git a/luk/10/03.md b/luk/10/03.md index a5295a2df..403c70334 100644 --- a/luk/10/03.md +++ b/luk/10/03.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:lamb]] +* [[en:tw:sandal]] +* [[en:tw:wolf]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out.) +* Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out. * **Go on your way** - This can be translated as "Go to the cities" or "Go to the people" or "Go bring in the people." * **I send you out as lambs in the midst of wolves** - This is a simile that means the people Jesus was sending out could be attacked by the people they were going to. It can be translated as "When I send you out, people will want to harm you as wolves attack sheep." The names of other animals could be substituted. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **lambs** - Lambs are baby sheep. They can't defend themselves against animals that attack them. diff --git a/luk/10/05.md b/luk/10/05.md index 4f80f0beb..738cd6ff4 100644 --- a/luk/10/05.md +++ b/luk/10/05.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:house]] * [[en:tw:peace]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out.) +* Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out. * **May peace be on this house** - "May the people in this household receive peace." This was both a greeting and a blessing. * **a person of peace** - "a peaceful person." This is a person who wants peace with God and with people. * **your peace will rest upon him** - This can be translated as "he will have the peace you blessed him with." diff --git a/luk/10/08.md b/luk/10/08.md index bc72822ec..901094ea2 100644 --- a/luk/10/08.md +++ b/luk/10/08.md @@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:receive]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out.) +* Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out. * **and they receive you** - "if they welcome you" * **eat what is set before you** - "eat whatever food they give you" * **The kingdom of God has come near to you** - This refers to the fact that the activity of the kingdom of God was happening all around them in the healing of the disciples and the teaching of Jesus. It could also be translated as "you can see the kingdom of God all around you right now." diff --git a/luk/10/10.md b/luk/10/10.md index 683281e1d..9ff3702c3 100644 --- a/luk/10/10.md +++ b/luk/10/10.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out.) +* Jesus continues to give directions to the 70 people he was sending out. * **and they do not receive you** - "if they reject you" * **Even the dust from your city that clings to our feet, we wipe off against you!** - This can be translated as "Just as you rejected us, we thoroughly reject you. We even reject the dust from your city that clings to our feet." Since Jesus was sending these people out in groups of two, it would be two people saying this. So languages that have a dual form of 'we' would use it. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]]) * **But know this, that the kingdom of God had drawn near** - This phrase introduces a warning. It means "Even though you reject us, it does not change the fact that the kingdom of is here!" diff --git a/luk/10/13.md b/luk/10/13.md index 82550f9c1..5491d4114 100644 --- a/luk/10/13.md +++ b/luk/10/13.md @@ -1,24 +1,27 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:capernaum]] +* [[en:tw:exalt]] * [[en:tw:hades]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:judge]] * [[en:tw:repent]] +* [[en:tw:sackcloth]] * [[en:tw:sidon]] * [[en:tw:tyre]] * [[en:tw:woe]] +* [[en:tw:works]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus turns from speaking to the 70 disciples and speaks to the people of three cities.) -* **Woe to you Chorazin! Woe to you Bethsaida** - Jesus spoke as if the people of the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida were there listening to him, but they were not. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) +* Jesus turns from speaking to the 70 disciples and speaks to the people of three cities. +* **Woe to you Chorazin! Woe to you Bethsaida** - Jesus spoke as if the people of the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida were there listening to him, but they were not. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **if the mighty works which were done in you** - This can be translated with an active verb as it is in the UDB: "If the miracles that I had performed for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **were done in Tyre and Sidon** - This can be translated with an active verb: "if someone had done them in Tyre and Sidon." * **they would have repented long ago** - "the wicked people who lived there would have shown that they were sorry for their sins" (UDB) -* **sitting in sackcloth and ashes** - "wearing sackcloth and sitting in ashes." When people were very sad, they would wear a garment made of itchy coarse cloth, and put ashes on their head, and even sit in the ashes. They would also do this when they were very sad that they had sinned against God. +* **sitting in sackcloth and ashes** - "wearing sackcloth and sitting in ashes" * **it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon … than for you** - "God will punish you more severely than the people of Tyre and Sidon." The reason for this can be made explicit as in the UDB: "because you did not repent and believe in me even though you saw me do miracles!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **in the judgment** - "on that final day when God judges everyone" (UDB) * **And you, Capernaum** - Jesus now speaks to the people in the city of Capernaum as if they were listening to him, but they were not. -* **do you think you will be exalted to heaven** - This is a rhetorical question in which Jesus rebukes the people of Chorazin for their pride. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It can be translated with an active verb "will you go up to heaven" or "do you think that God will honor you?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **do you think you will be exalted to heaven** - This is a rhetorical question in which Jesus rebukes the people of Capernaum for their pride. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It can be translated with an active verb "will you go up to heaven" or "do you think that God will honor you?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **will be exalted** - To be exalted is an idiom meaning "will be honored." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/luk/10/16.md b/luk/10/16.md index 7262eb2e8..98f761b0c 100644 --- a/luk/10/16.md +++ b/luk/10/16.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:reject]] +* [[en:tw:send]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus finishes teaching the 70 people he was sending out.) +* Jesus finishes teaching the 70 people he was sending out. * **The one who listens to you listens to me** - This can be translated as "When someone listens to you, it is as if they are listening to me." * **the one who rejects you rejects me** - This can be translated as "When someone rejects you, it is as if they are rejecting me." * **the one who rejects me rejects the on who sent me** - This can be translated as "When someone rejects me, it is as if they are rejecting the one who sent me." -* **the one who sent me** - This refers to God the Father. It could be translated as "God, who sent me" (UDB). +* **the one who sent me** - This refers to God the Father who appointed Jesus for this special task. It could be translated as "God, who sent me" (UDB). diff --git a/luk/10/17.md b/luk/10/17.md index 8019879d7..84c420980 100644 --- a/luk/10/17.md +++ b/luk/10/17.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] @@ -9,16 +10,20 @@ * [[en:tw:power]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] * [[en:tw:satan]] +* [[en:tw:serpent]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] +* [[en:tw:submit]] ## translationNotes -* (After some time passes, the seventy disciples return to where Jesus was.) -* **seventy** - You may want to add a footnote: "Some versions have '72' instead of '70.'" +* After some time passes, the seventy disciples return to where Jesus was. * **The seventy returned** - Some languages will need to say that the seventy actually went out first as the UDB does. This is implicit information that can be made explicit. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]].) -* **I was watching Satan fall from heaven as lightening** - Jesus used a simile to describe how God was defeating Satan when his 70 disciples were preaching in the towns. +* **seventy** - You may want to add a footnote: "Some versions have '72' instead of '70.'" +* **in your name** - Here "name" refers to Jesus' power and authority. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **I was watching Satan fall from heaven as lightening** - Jesus used a simile to describe how God was defeating Satan when his 70 disciples were preaching in the towns. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **authority to tread on serpents and scorpions** - "authority to step on snakes and crush scorpions." Possible meanings are 1) this refers to actual snakes and scorpions or 2) snakes and scorpions are a metaphor for evil spirits. The UDB translates this as referring to evil spirits: "I have given you the right to attack evil spirits." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **tread on serpents and scorpions** - This implies that they would do this and not be injured. You can make this explicit: "walk on snakes and scorpions and not be hurt." +* **scorpion** - a small animal with two claws and poisonous stinger on its tail * **over all the power of the enemy** - "I have given you authority to crush the power of the enemy" or "I have given you authority to defeat the enemy." The enemy is Satan. * **rejoice in this** - The words "in this" refer to the following phrase "that the spirits submit to you." * **your names are engraved in heaven** - This can be translated as an active verb "God has written your names in heaven" or "your names are on the list of people who are citizens of heaven." diff --git a/luk/10/21.md b/luk/10/21.md index f2aa66d06..aad3a57c9 100644 --- a/luk/10/21.md +++ b/luk/10/21.md @@ -1,18 +1,21 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:earth]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:rejoice]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] +* [[en:tw:praise]] +* [[en:tw:reveal]] +* [[en:tw:understand]] * [[en:tw:wise]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus begins to speak directly to his Father in the presence of the disciples.) -* **Lord of heaven and earth** - "Master over everyone and everything in heaven and earth" +* Jesus begins to speak directly to his Father in the presence of the disciples. +* **Lord of heaven and earth** - "Master over everyone and everything in heaven and earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **these things** - This refers to Jesus' previous teaching about the authority of the disciples. It may be best to simply say "these things" and let the reader determine the meaning. * **the wise and understanding** - "from people who are wise and understanding." This can be translated as "from people who think they are wise and understanding." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) * **untaught, like little children** - The term in the Greek refers to a very young child. Possible meanings are 1) "untaught" (ULB) or 2) "who accept your truth readily" (UDB). -* **like little children** - This is a simile for people who are not wise and knowledgable, or people who know that they are not wise and knowledgable. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **for so it was well-pleasing in your sight** - "for you saw that it was good to do that" +* **like little children** - This is a simile for people who are not wise and knowledgeable, or people who know that they are not wise and knowledgeable. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **for so it was well-pleasing in your sight** - pleasing in your sight** - "for you saw that it was good to do that" diff --git a/luk/10/22.md b/luk/10/22.md index feeccf08e..474a7474c 100644 --- a/luk/10/22.md +++ b/luk/10/22.md @@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus now speaks to his disciples.) -* You may need to add an introductory comment such as "Jesus also said to his disciples" (UDB). +* Jesus now speaks to his disciples. You may need to add an introductory comment such as "Jesus also said to his disciples" (UDB). * **all things have been entrusted to me by my Father** - This can be translated with an active verb: "My Father has handed everything over to me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the Son** - Jesus was referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) * **knows who the Son is** - The word that is translated as "knows" means to know from personal experience. God the Father knew Jesus to this degree. diff --git a/luk/10/25.md b/luk/10/25.md index ca11a4347..68ed16229 100644 --- a/luk/10/25.md +++ b/luk/10/25.md @@ -1,22 +1,25 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:eternity]] -* [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:inherit]] * [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:life]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:love]] -* [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:neighbor]] * [[en:tw:soul]] +* [[en:tw:teacher]] * [[en:tw:test]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes * **Behold** - This event happens at a later time. You can make this clear to the reader as in the UDB: "One day as Jesus was teaching people." * **And behold, a certain teacher** - The word "behold" alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses "There was a certain teacher…” -* **tested him** - "tested Jesus" +* **tested him** - "challenged Jesus" * **What is written in the law** - This can be translated with an active verb: "What did Moses write in the law" or "What do the scriptures say?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **How do you read it?** - "What have you read in it?" or "What do you understand it to say?" * **You must love...** - The man replied by quoting portions of Deuteronomy [[:en:bible:notes:deu:06:04]] and Leviticus [[:en:bible:notes:lev:19:17]]. +* **your heart...your soul...your strength...your mind** - These all mean that a person must completely love God with all of their being. * **your neighbor** - This refers to a member of your community. It can be translated as your "your fellow-citizen" or "the people of your community." diff --git a/luk/10/29.md b/luk/10/29.md index 60a19d1a0..a00fce8c1 100644 --- a/luk/10/29.md +++ b/luk/10/29.md @@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ * [[en:tw:jericho]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:justify]] +* [[en:tw:neighbor]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/10/31.md b/luk/10/31.md index f3f10903c..c86067350 100644 --- a/luk/10/31.md +++ b/luk/10/31.md @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story to the man who asked "Who is my neighbor?") -* **by chance** - This was not something that any person had planned. +* Jesus continues telling his story to the man who asked "Who is my neighbor?" +* **By chance** - This was not something that any person had planned. * **a certain priest** - This expression introduced a me person in the story, but does not identify him by name. * **and when he saw him** - "and when the priest saw the injured man." A priest is a very religious person, so the audience would assume that he would help the injured man. Since he did not, this phrase could be translated as "but when he saw him" to call attention to this unexpected result. * **he passed by on the other side** - "he walked past the man on the other side of the road" diff --git a/luk/10/33.md b/luk/10/33.md index dd4b80c36..5d630ebd2 100644 --- a/luk/10/33.md +++ b/luk/10/33.md @@ -1,11 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:bond]] +* [[en:tw:compassion]] +* [[en:tw:oil]] * [[en:tw:samaria]] * [[en:tw:wine]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story to the man who asked "Who is my neighbor?") +* Jesus continues telling his story to the man who asked "Who is my neighbor?" * **But a certain Samaritan** - This introduces a new person in the story without giving his name. We know only that he was a Samaritan. The Jews despised the Samaritans and would have assumed that he would not help the injured Jewish man. * **when he saw him** - "when the Samaritan saw the injured man" * **he was moved with compassion** - "he felt sorry for him" diff --git a/luk/10/36.md b/luk/10/36.md index f46e35693..d221f87b0 100644 --- a/luk/10/36.md +++ b/luk/10/36.md @@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] +* [[en:tw:neighbor]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the man who asked "Who is my neighbor?") +* Jesus continues speaking to the man who asked "Who is my neighbor?" * **Which of these three, do you think** - This can be translated as "What do you think? Which of these three men." * **was a neighbor** - "showed himself to be a true neighbor" (UDB) * **to him who fell among the robbers** - "to the man who was attacked by robbers" diff --git a/luk/10/38.md b/luk/10/38.md index cbfbed497..3ea467a80 100644 --- a/luk/10/38.md +++ b/luk/10/38.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:Marysisterofmartha)]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:martha]] * [[en:tw:word]] diff --git a/luk/10/40.md b/luk/10/40.md index 68da922a9..6d36f5c7b 100644 --- a/luk/10/40.md +++ b/luk/10/40.md @@ -1,10 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:martha]] * [[en:tw:serve]] ## translationNotes * **do you not care** - Martha was complaining that the Lord was allowing Mary to sit listening to him when there was so much work to do. She respected the Lord, so she used a rhetorical question to soften her complaint. It can be translated as "It seems like you do not care." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **which will not be taken away from her** - Possible meanings are 1) "I will not take this opportunity away from her" or 2) "She will not lose what she has gained as she listening to me." +* **which will not be taken away from her** - Possible meanings are 1) "I will not take this opportunity away from her" or 2) "She will not lose what she has gained as she listening to me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/11/01.md b/luk/11/01.md index 7768fdda7..e07ac42e0 100644 --- a/luk/11/01.md +++ b/luk/11/01.md @@ -1,11 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:Johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] +* [[en:tw:disciple|disciple]] +* [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] +* [[en:tw:johnthebaptist|John (the Baptist)]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lord|lord, master, sir]] * [[en:tw:pray]] +* [[en:tw:pray|pray, prayer]] +* [[en:tw:teach]] +* [[en:tw:teach|teach, teaching, teacher]] ## translationNotes -* **it happened** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* **It happened** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **when he finished praying** - In some languages it is more natural to use Jesus' name rather than the pronoun "he." It may also be more natural to state that Jesus was praying before saying "when he finished praying." (See UDB) diff --git a/luk/11/02.md b/luk/11/02.md index 4e467997e..22e674d88 100644 --- a/luk/11/02.md +++ b/luk/11/02.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:Jesus]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] * [[en:tw:name]] -* [[en:tw:pray]] * [[en:tw:sanctify]] ## translationNotes * **Jesus said to them** - "Jesus said to his disciples" -* **sanctify your name** - It can be translated as "may all people honor you" or "cause everyone to honor your name." It means "we want everyone to honor you." +* **sanctify your name** - AT: "may all people honor you" or "cause everyone to honor your name." It means "we want everyone to honor you." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Let your kingdom come** - "Establish your kingdom." It means "We want you to rule over your people." diff --git a/luk/11/03.md b/luk/11/03.md index 63793b4b9..5a6a3db48 100644 --- a/luk/11/03.md +++ b/luk/11/03.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples how to pray) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples how to pray * **our daily bread** - This can be translated as "the food we need each day." Bread was in inexpensive food that people ate everyday. It is used here to refer to food in general. * **forgive us our sins** - "Forgive us for sinning against you" or "Forgive our sins" * **for we ourselves forgive** - "since we also forgive" diff --git a/luk/11/05.md b/luk/11/05.md index ca8881178..88d65177c 100644 --- a/luk/11/05.md +++ b/luk/11/05.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples about prayer.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples about prayer. * **Which of you will have** - This can be translated as "Suppose one of you has" or "Suppose you have." Jesus used rhetorical questions to get people to consider what might happen if they were in a certain situation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **lend to me three loaves of bread** - "let me borrow three loaves of bread" or "give me three loaves of bread and I will pay you later." The host does not have any food ready to give to his guest. * **three loaves of bread** - If your people would wonder why someone would ask for bread, you could use a generic term like "cooked food" or "prepared food." diff --git a/luk/11/09.md b/luk/11/09.md index d0810d98d..58c2854b4 100644 --- a/luk/11/09.md +++ b/luk/11/09.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:seek]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples about prayer.) -* **ask … seek … knock** - Jesus gave these commands to encourage his disciples to pray contiually. Use the form of "you" that would be most appropriate in this context. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]). These commands can be translated as "keep asking … keep seeking … keep knocking". +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples about prayer. +* **ask … seek … knock** - Jesus gave these commands to encourage his disciples to pray continually. Use the form of "you" that would be most appropriate in this context. These commands can be translated as "keep asking … keep seeking … keep knocking". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **ask** - Some languages may require more information with this verb. It can be translated as "Ask God for what you need." "Seek what you need from God" and "Knock on the door." * **it will be given to you** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will give it to you" or "you will receive it." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **knock** - To knock at a door is to hit it a few times to let a person inside the house know you are standing outside. It can also be translated using the way people in your culture show that they have arrived, such as "call out" or "cough" or "clap." -* **it will be opened to you** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will open the door for you" or "God will welcome you inside." +* **it will be opened to you** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will open the door for you" or "God will welcome you inside." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/11/11.md b/luk/11/11.md index 39b8d2744..1b5b3ddb9 100644 --- a/luk/11/11.md +++ b/luk/11/11.md @@ -3,15 +3,17 @@ * [[en:tw:evil]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:good]] +* [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] +* [[en:tw:serpent]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues teaching his disciples about prayer.) +* Jesus continues teaching his disciples about prayer. * Jesus asks three rhetorical questions with the same meaning: just as fathers give good gifts to their children who ask for things, God gives good gifts to us when we ask him. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). -* **And which of you … will give him a stone instead** - This can be translated as "If your son were to ask you for a loaf, would you give him a stone instead?" or "If your son were to ask you for a loaf to eat, you certainly would not give him a stone instead!" +* **And which of you … will give him a stone instead** - This can be translated as "If your son were to ask you for a loaf, would you give him a stone instead?" or "If your son were to ask you for a loaf to eat, you certainly would not give him a stone instead!" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). * **loaf** - "loaf of bread" or "bread roll." If your people do not normally eat bread, you could translate this as "piece of cooked food" or "vegetable." Jesus was suggesting a possible situation; he was not talking about bread in particular. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) -* **or instead of a fish, a snake?** - "Or if he were to ask for a fish, would you give him a snake instead?" +* **or instead of a fish, a snake?** - "Or if he were to ask for a fish, would you give him a snake instead?" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). * **scorpion** - A scorpion is similar to a spider, but it has a tail with a poisonous sting. If scorpions are not known where you are, you could translate this as "poisonous spider" or "spider that stings." * **if you who are evil know** - "since you who are evil know" or "even though you are sinful, you know." * **how much more will your Father from heaven give the Holy Spirit** - "how much more certain is it that your Father in heaven will give the Holy Spirit." This rhetorical question can also be translated as "you can be sure that your Father from heaven will give the Holy Spirit." diff --git a/luk/11/14.md b/luk/11/14.md index 8c9fcd21f..f4a9525a3 100644 --- a/luk/11/14.md +++ b/luk/11/14.md @@ -1,13 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:beelzebul]] +* [[en:tw:castout]] * [[en:tw:demon]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] ## translationNotes * **And he was driving out a demon** - "And Jesus was driving a demon out of a person" or "And he was making a demon leave a person." * **it was mute** - It is unlikely that the demon could not speak. The readers would have probably understood that this demon had power to prevent people from speaking. You could make this implied information clear: "the demon caused the man to be unable to speak." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **It happened that** - This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. When the demon comes out of the man, some of the people criticize Jesus, and that leads to Jesus teaching about evil spirits. -* **when the demon had come out** - "when the demon came out of the man" or "when the demon left the man" +* **when the demon had come out** - "when the demon came out of the man" or "when the demon left the man" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the mute man spoke** - "the man who had been unable to speak spoke" * **by Beelzebul ... he drives out demons** - "he drives out demons by the power of Beelzebul, the ruler of demons" diff --git a/luk/11/16.md b/luk/11/16.md index 4dddd1ed0..e99b8b2d5 100644 --- a/luk/11/16.md +++ b/luk/11/16.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:desolate]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] * [[en:tw:sign]] diff --git a/luk/11/18.md b/luk/11/18.md index 4daad6bc7..6a4697424 100644 --- a/luk/11/18.md +++ b/luk/11/18.md @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:judgeposition]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] @@ -9,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the crowd about demons.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the crowd about demons. * **If Satan is divided against himself** - "If Satan and members of his kingdom are fighting among themselves." * **how will his kingdom stand** - This is a rhetorical question. It could be translated as a statement: "Satan's kingdom cannot stand," or "Satan's kingdom will fall apart." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **For you say I cast out demons by Beelzebul** - "For you say that it is by the power of Beelzebul that that I make demons leave people." The next part of his argument can be stated explicitly: "that would mean that Satan is divided against himself." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **by whom do your followers drive them out** - "by whose power do you followers force demons to leave people." This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "then we must agree that your followers also drive out demons by Beelzebub's power." The implied evaluation of that statement can be made explicit: "But we know that that is not true." +* **For you say I cast out demons by Beelzebul** - "For you say that it is by the power of Beelzebul that I make demons leave people." The next part of his argument can be stated explicitly: "that would mean that Satan is divided against himself." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **by whom do your followers drive them out** - "by whose power do you followers force demons to leave people." This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "then we must agree that your followers also drive out demons by Beelzebub's power." The implied evaluation of that statement can be made explicit: "But we know that that is not true." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **They will be your judges** - "Your followers who cast out demons by God's power will judge you for saying that I cast out demons by Beelzebub's power." * **by the finger of God** - The "finger of God" refers to God's power. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **then the kingdom of God has come to you** - "this shows that God's kingdom has come to you" diff --git a/luk/11/21.md b/luk/11/21.md index f0510dcb9..6fa23128d 100644 --- a/luk/11/21.md +++ b/luk/11/21.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:armor]] +* [[en:tw:possess]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the crowd about demons.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the crowd about demons. * **When a strong man...** - This story is a metaphor. The image of a strong man being attacked from outside is the same as Jesus is attacking Satan's kingdom from outside by casting out the demons. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **his goods are safe** - "no one can steal his things" -* **plunders the man's possessions** - This can be translated as "steals his possessions" or "takes away anything that he wants." +* **his goods are safe** - "no one can steal his things" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **plunders the man's possessions** - This can be translated as "steals his possessions" or "takes away anything that he wants." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **who is not with me** - "who does not support me" or "who does not work with me" * **is against me** - "works against me." This refers to those who said Jesus was working together with Satan. diff --git a/luk/11/24.md b/luk/11/24.md index 2e43fc511..f380e3c0e 100644 --- a/luk/11/24.md +++ b/luk/11/24.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the crowd about demons.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the crowd about demons. * **waterless places** - This refers to "desolate places" (UDB) where the evil spirits wander. * **And finding none** - "If the spirit does not find any rest there" * **my house from which I came** - This is a metaphor referring to the person he used to lived in. It can be translated as "the person in whom I used to live!" (UDB) The UDB goes on to translate it as a simile in verse 26. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **finds that house swept out and put in order** - This can be translated with an active verb: "finds that someone has swept the house clean and put everything where it belongs." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **swept out** - "empty." This metaphor refers to the condition of the person who did not fill their life with God's Spirit after the demon left. +* **finds that house swept out and put in order** - This can be translated with an active verb: "finds that someone has swept the house clean and put everything where it belongs." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **swept out** - "empty." This metaphor refers to the condition of the person who did not fill their life with God's Spirit after the demon left. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/11/27.md b/luk/11/27.md index 6cb84f97e..1729099f7 100644 --- a/luk/11/27.md +++ b/luk/11/27.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bless]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] +* [[en:tw:womb]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes * **It happened that** - This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **raised her voice above the crowd** - "spoke loudly above the noise of the crowd" -* **Blessed is the womb that bore you and the breasts that nursed you** - "How good it is for the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts" or "How happy the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts must be." The parts of a woman's body are used to refer to the whole woman. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). +* **Blessed is the womb that bore you and the breasts that nursed you** - AT: "How good it is for the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts" or "How happy the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts must be." The parts of a woman's body are used to refer to the whole woman. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]). * **blessed** - This can be translated here as "how happy" or "blessed by God" (UDB). diff --git a/luk/11/33.md b/luk/11/33.md index c31c0c9c6..f3815fd3f 100644 --- a/luk/11/33.md +++ b/luk/11/33.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:darkness]] * [[en:tw:good]] +* [[en:tw:lamp]] +* [[en:tw:lampstand]] +* [[en:tw:light]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the crowds.) -* Jesus did not intend for everyone in the crowd to understand this teaching. Therefore, it might be best to simply translate the images, rather than explaining them. -* **a lamp** - This was a small bowl with a wick and olive oil for fuel. The important thing is that it gave light. +* Jesus continues to teach the crowds. Jesus did not intend for everyone in the crowd to understand this teaching. Therefore, it might be best to simply translate the images, rather than explaining them. * **puts it in a dark closet** - "hides it in a closet" * **on a lamp stand** - "on a table" or "they put it on a shelf" -* **Your eye is the lamp of the body** - This has several figures of speech. They eye is a metonym for vision, which is a metaphor for understanding. The body is a synecdoche for a person's life. It can be translated as "Your eye is the lamp of your life" or "Your vision is the lamp of your life." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) Since Jesus was saying something that is true of everyone, it can be translated as "The eye is the lamp of a person's body." -* **When your eye is good** - "When your vision is good" or "when you see well" -* **the whole body is filled with light** - Light is a metaphor for truth. This metaphor means "your whole life is filled with the light of truth" or "his whole life is filled with truth." -* **When your eye is bad, your body is full of darkness.** - Darkness is a metaphor for falsehood. This metaphor means "When your vision is bad, your whole life is full of falsehood." +* **Your eye is the lamp of the body** - This has several figures of speech. The eye is a metonym for vision, which is a metaphor for understanding. The body is a synecdoche for a person's life. It can be translated as "Your eye is the lamp of your life" or "Your vision is the lamp of your life." Since Jesus was saying something that is true of everyone, it can be translated as "The eye is the lamp of a person's body." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **When your eye is good** - "When your vision is good" or "when you see well" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the whole body is filled with light** - Light is a metaphor for truth. This metaphor means "your whole life is filled with the light of truth" or "his whole life is filled with truth."(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **When your eye is bad, your body is full of darkness.** - Darkness is a metaphor for falsehood. This metaphor means "When your vision is bad, your whole life is full of falsehood." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/11/42.md b/luk/11/42.md index ed173bdbd..b55fdd5a3 100644 --- a/luk/11/42.md +++ b/luk/11/42.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:justice]] -* [[en:tw:justice]] * [[en:tw:love]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:tenth]] @@ -10,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the Pharisees.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the Pharisees. * **you tithe the mint and rue and every other garden herb** - "you give God one tenth of your mint and rue and other herbs from your garden." Jesus was giving an example of how extreme the Pharisees were in giving a tenth of their income. * **mint and rue** - These are herbs. People put just a little bit of these leaves into their other food to give it flavor. If people do not know what mint and rue are, you can use the name of herbs they know or a general expression such as "herbs." * **every other garden herb** - Possible meanings are 1) "every other vegetable" 2) "every other garden herb" or 3) "every other garden plant." -* **without failing to do the other things also** - This double-negative could be translated as a positive statement: "and to always do the other good things as well." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) +* **without failing to do the other things also** - This could be translated as a positive statement: "and to always do the other good things as well." diff --git a/luk/11/43.md b/luk/11/43.md index 615e1ca1f..35c53790f 100644 --- a/luk/11/43.md +++ b/luk/11/43.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the Pharisees.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the Pharisees. * **the front seats** - "the best seats" * **you are like unmarked graves that people walk over without knowing it** - This is a simile. The Pharisees were like unmarked graves because they looked ceremonially clean, but they caused people around them to become unclean. This point of similarity is somewhat more clear in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **unmarked graves** - These graves were holes dug in the ground where a dead body was buried. They did not have the white stones that people normally place over graves so that others would see them. When people walked over a grave, they would become ceremonially unclean. diff --git a/luk/11/45.md b/luk/11/45.md index 6045c18f4..a6e6cb7f7 100644 --- a/luk/11/45.md +++ b/luk/11/45.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:burden]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:teacher]] * [[en:tw:woe]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/11/47.md b/luk/11/47.md index d964edfb8..406ea5cd8 100644 --- a/luk/11/47.md +++ b/luk/11/47.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the teachers of the law.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the teachers of the law. * **and yet** - This calls attention to the contrast between their honoring of the prophets while ignoring the fact that their ancestors murdered them. * **So you are witnesses and consent to the works of your ancestors** - This is an implied rebuke: "but you did not denounce them." They knew about the murder of the prophets, but did not condemn their ancestors for killing them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/11/49.md b/luk/11/49.md index e1f2925d0..7f3325262 100644 --- a/luk/11/49.md +++ b/luk/11/49.md @@ -1,20 +1,24 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abel]] +* [[en:tw:altar]] * [[en:tw:apostle]] * [[en:tw:blood]] * [[en:tw:generation]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:persecute]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:sanctuary]] +* [[en:tw:send]] * [[en:tw:wise]] +* [[en:tw:zechariahot]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the religious leaders.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the religious leaders. * **For this reason** - This refers the statement that follows. God will send more prophets to demonstrate that the current generation would kill them, just as their fathers did. * **God's wisdom said** - "God in his wisdom said" or "God wisely said" * **I will send them prophets and apostles** - "I will send prophets and apostles to my people" * **they will persecute and kill some of them** - "my people will persecute and kill some of the prophets and apostles" -* **will be held responsible for all the blood of the prophets shed** - The blood that was shed refers to the murder of the prophets. This can be translated as "will be held responsible for all the deaths of the prophets that were killed." +* **will be held responsible for all the blood of the prophets shed** - The blood that was shed refers to the murder of the prophets. This can be translated as "will be held responsible for all the deaths of the prophets that were killed." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Zechariah** - This was probably the priest referred to in 2 Chronicles [[en:bible:notes:2ch:24:20]]. This was not the Father of John the Baptist. diff --git a/luk/11/52.md b/luk/11/52.md index bcd1b9149..7ad7b0cd6 100644 --- a/luk/11/52.md +++ b/luk/11/52.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:know]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] * [[en:tw:woe]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to tell the teachers of the law how they sin against God.) -* **you have taken away the key of knowledge** - This is a metaphor. It means "you have prevented people from entering into the place where God's truth is stored." It can be translated as a simile as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* Jesus continues to tell the teachers of the law how they sin against God. +* **you have taken away the key of knowledge** - This is a metaphor. It means "you have prevented people from entering into the place where God's truth is stored." It can be translated as a simile as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **the key** - This represents the means of access, as to a house or storage room. -* **you do not enter in yourselves** - "You yourselves do not go in in order to get knowledge." This metaphor means "You yourselves do make use of the knowledge." +* **you do not enter in yourselves** - "You yourselves do not go in in order to get knowledge." This metaphor means "You yourselves do make use of the knowledge." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/11/53.md b/luk/11/53.md index 7c05135fa..1aad7d7da 100644 --- a/luk/11/53.md +++ b/luk/11/53.md @@ -2,8 +2,9 @@ * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes * **After Jesus left there** - "After Jesus left the Pharisee's house" -* **trying to trap him in his own words** - This is a metaphor. They wanted Jesus to say something wrong so that they could accuse him. It can be translated without the metaphor as in the UDB. +* **trying to trap him in his own words** - This is a metaphor. They wanted Jesus to say something wrong so that they could accuse him. It can be translated without the metaphor as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/12/01.md b/luk/12/01.md index 78a97a075..706d5212c 100644 --- a/luk/12/01.md +++ b/luk/12/01.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:hypocrite]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] * [[en:tw:yeast]] @@ -11,4 +12,4 @@ * **they trampled each other** - This is an exaggeration in order to express how many people there were. It means "they were stepping on each other." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **he began to say to his disciples, first of all** - "Jesus first started speaking to his disciples, and said to them" * **Beware** - "Be alert to the danger of" or "Guard yourself against" -* **the yeast of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy.** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as a simile "the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, which is like yeast." Just as yeast spreads through a whole lump of bread dough, their hypocrisy was spreading through the whole community. This whole warning can be translated as "Be careful that you do not become hypocrites like the Pharisees. Their evil behavior influences everyone just as yeast affects a lump of dough." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the yeast of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy.** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as a simile "the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, which is like yeast." Just as yeast spreads through a whole lump of bread dough, their hypocrisy was spreading through the whole community. This whole warning can be translated as "Be careful that you do not become hypocrites like the Pharisees. Their evil behavior influences everyone just as yeast affects a lump of dough." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/luk/12/02.md b/luk/12/02.md index 52d268aaf..88b35888f 100644 --- a/luk/12/02.md +++ b/luk/12/02.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:proclaim]] +* [[en:tw:reveal]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to warn his disciples against hypocricy.) +* Jesus continues to warn his disciples against hypocrisy. * **There is nothing concealed that will not be revealed** - This could also be translated as "Everything that is hidden will be shown" or "People will find out about everything that people do secretly." * **and nothing hidden, that will not be made known** - This part of the sentence uses different words to say the same thing as the first part in order to emphasize its truth. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **spoken in the ear** - This could also be translated as "whispered to another person." diff --git a/luk/12/04.md b/luk/12/04.md index 2f37c22f2..214d5cbd3 100644 --- a/luk/12/04.md +++ b/luk/12/04.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. * **they have no more that they can do** - "they cannot do anything else" or "they cannot cause any more harm" or "they cannot hurt you anymore" * **Fear the one who** - This could also be translated as "Fear God who" or "Fear God, because." * **after he has killed** - "after he kills you" or "after he kills someone" diff --git a/luk/12/06.md b/luk/12/06.md index 93ad9e659..cffe789b9 100644 --- a/luk/12/06.md +++ b/luk/12/06.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to speak to his disciples. * **Are not five sparrows sold for two small coins?** - This is a rhetorical question. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). It can also be translated as "Think about sparrows. They have so little value that you can buy five of them for only two small coins" (UDB). * **sparrows** - Sparrows are very small, seed eating birds. * **not one of the is forgotten in the sight of God** - "God never forgets any of them!" (UDB) or "God never neglects to care for any sparrow!" diff --git a/luk/12/08.md b/luk/12/08.md index 20147ccf6..bd2a13dd3 100644 --- a/luk/12/08.md +++ b/luk/12/08.md @@ -2,17 +2,19 @@ * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:blasphemy]] +* [[en:tw:confess]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to speak to his disciples. * **Everyone who confesses me before men** - "Whoever tells others that he is my disciple" or "Anyone who acknowledges before others that he is loyal to me" * **the Son of Man** - Jesus was referring to himself. This could be translated as "I, the Son of Man." -* **he that denies me before men** - "he who disowns me before people." This could also be translated as "whoever refuses to acknowledge to others that he is my disciple" or "if anyone refuses to say that he is loyal to me." +* **he who denies me before men** - "he who disowns me before people." This could also be translated as "whoever refuses to acknowledge to others that he is my disciple" or "if anyone refuses to say that he is loyal to me." * **will be denied** - "will be disowned." This could also be translated as "The Son of Man will deny him " or "I will deny that he is my disciple." * **Everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man** - "Everyone who says something bad about the Son of Man" * **it will be forgiven him** - "he will be forgiven" or "God will forgive him for that" diff --git a/luk/12/11.md b/luk/12/11.md index 2723653e1..5c276a516 100644 --- a/luk/12/11.md +++ b/luk/12/11.md @@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ * [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] +* [[en:tw:hour]] * [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] +* [[en:tw:teach]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speaking his disciples.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. * **before the synagogues** - "into the synagogues to question you before the religious leaders" (UDB) * **authorities** - "other people who have power in the country" (UDB) * **in that hour** - "at that time" or "then" diff --git a/luk/12/13.md b/luk/12/13.md index 714c02010..576be7f9b 100644 --- a/luk/12/13.md +++ b/luk/12/13.md @@ -2,13 +2,14 @@ * [[en:tw:inherit]] * [[en:tw:judgeposition]] +* [[en:tw:mediator]] +* [[en:tw:possess]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] ## translationNotes * **Man** - Some understand this to be simply a way of addressing a stranger. Others understand that Jesus was rebuking the man. Your language might have a way of addressing people in either of these ways. Some people do not translate this word at all. * **who made me a judge or a mediator over you?** - This is a rhetorical question. It could also be translated as "I am not your judge or mediator." Some languages would use the plural form for "you" or "your." Languages that have a dual form would use that. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **mediator** - A mediator is a person who solves disagreements between people. * **And he said to them** - The word "them" here probably refers to the whole crowd of people. This could be translated as "And Jesus said to the crowd." * **Keep yourself from all greedy desires** - "Guard yourself from every form of greed." It could also be translated as "Don't allow yourself to love having things" or "Don't be controlled by the urge to have more." * **someone's life** - This is a general statement of fact. It does not refer to any specific person. Some languages have a way of expressing that. diff --git a/luk/12/16.md b/luk/12/16.md index 76675b3d9..3906d8541 100644 --- a/luk/12/16.md +++ b/luk/12/16.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **yielded abundantly** - "grew a very good harvest" * **barns** - Barns are buildings where farmers store the crops and food that they grow after it is harvested. * **goods** - "possessions" -* **I will say to my soul** - "I will say to myself" (UDB) +* **I will say to my soul** - "I will say to myself" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/luk/12/20.md b/luk/12/20.md index 5d65c14e6..4fa55c47b 100644 --- a/luk/12/20.md +++ b/luk/12/20.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:foolish]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:soul]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling the parable of the rich man.) -* **tonight your soul is required of you** - This could be translated as "you will die tonight" or "your life is to be taken back from you tonight." -* **whose will they be** - "who will own what you have stored up?" or "who will have what you prepared?" This is a rhetorical questions intended to make the man realize that he would not longer possess those things. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* Jesus continues telling the parable of the rich man. +* **tonight your soul is required of you** - AT: "you will die tonight" or "your life is to be taken back from you tonight" +* **whose will they be?** - "who will own what you have stored up?" or "who will have what you prepared?" This is a rhetorical questions intended to make the man realize that he would not longer possess those things. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **stores up treasures** - "saves up valuable things" * **not rich** - "poor" or "stingy" or "not generous" * **towards God** - This could be translated as "in the view of God" or "in relation to God." The meaning is that this person has not invested in the things that are important to God, or that God will reward. diff --git a/luk/12/24.md b/luk/12/24.md index bdce8240b..91f1aee1f 100644 --- a/luk/12/24.md +++ b/luk/12/24.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:reap]] * [[en:tw:sow]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **ravens** - This refers either to 1) crows, a kind of bird that eat mostly grain, or 2) ravens, a kind of bird that eat the flesh of dead animals. Jesus' audience would have considered the ravens worthless because they could not be eaten. * **How much more valuable you are than the birds!** - This is an exclamation, emphasizing the fact that people are much more valuable to God then birds. * **add a cubit to his lifespan** - This is a metaphor because a cubit is a measure of length, rather than of time. The image is of a person's life stretched out as if it were a board, a rope, or some other physical object. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/12/27.md b/luk/12/27.md index 26fc3852a..c4a8f54c6 100644 --- a/luk/12/27.md +++ b/luk/12/27.md @@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:labor]] * [[en:tw:solomon]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **lilies** - Lilies are beautiful flowers that grow wild in the fields. If your language does not have a word for lily, you can use the name of another flower like that or translate it as "flowers." * **neither do they spin** - "neither do they make thread in order to make cloth" or "and they do not make yarn" * **Solomon in all his glory** - "Solomon who had great wealth" or "Solomon who wore beautiful clothes" diff --git a/luk/12/29.md b/luk/12/29.md index 66364048a..e942a15bc 100644 --- a/luk/12/29.md +++ b/luk/12/29.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:godthefather]] +* [[en:tw:nation]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **Do not look for what you will eat and drink** - "Do not focus on what you will eat and drink" or "do not greatly desire more to eat and drink" * **all the nations of the world** - This can be translated as "all people of other nations" or "all the unbelievers in the world." "Nations" is used here as a metonym for "unbelievers." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/12/31.md b/luk/12/31.md index dd6ad425a..c186dca04 100644 --- a/luk/12/31.md +++ b/luk/12/31.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:flock]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] +* [[en:tw:seek]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **seek his kingdom** - "focus on God's kingdom" or "greatly desire God's kingdom" * **these things will be added to you ** - "these things also will be given to you." "These things" refers to food and clothing. * **little flock** - Jesus was calling his disciples a flock. A flock is a group of sheep or goats that a shepherd cares for. As a shepherd cares for his sheep, God would care for Jesus' disciples. This can be translated as "small group" or "dear group." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/12/33.md b/luk/12/33.md index 621fa5b5c..50e7e8fe8 100644 --- a/luk/12/33.md +++ b/luk/12/33.md @@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] +* [[en:tw:possess]] +* [[en:tw:thief]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) -* **and give to the poor** - "and give the money you earn from the sales to poor people" +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. +* **and give to the poor** - "and give to poor people the money you earn from the sales" * **Make for yourselves purses ... treasure in heaven** - This can be translated as "In this way you will make for yourselves purses..." The purses and treasure in heaven are the same thing. They both represent God's blessing in heaven. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **purses which will not wear out** - "money bags that won't get holes in them" +* **purses which will not wear out** - "money bags that won't get holes in them" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **does not run out** - "does not diminish" or "does not become less" +* **your heart** - Here "heart" refers to a person's thoughts. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/12/35.md b/luk/12/35.md index d181f5470..76bc42cd1 100644 --- a/luk/12/35.md +++ b/luk/12/35.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:feast]] +* [[en:tw:lamp]] * [[en:tw:lord]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **Let your long clothing be tucked in at your belt** - People wore long flowing robes. They would tuck them into their belt to keep the robes out of the way while they worked. In order to show this implicit information, this could be translated as “Let your clothing be kept tucked into your belt in readiness to serve” or “Be dressed and ready to serve.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **let your lamps be kept burning** - "keep your lamps burning" -* **lamps** - These were small bowls with a wick and olive oil for fuel. -* **be like people looking for their master** - This is a simile. It compares the disciples being ready for Jesus to return to servants who are ready for their master to return. It is also the beginning of a parable. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) +* **be like people looking for their master** - This is a simile. It compares the disciples being ready for Jesus to return to servants who are ready for their master to return. It is also the beginning of a parable. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) * **returns from the marriage feast** - "returns home from a marriage feast" diff --git a/luk/12/37.md b/luk/12/37.md index 33b09213d..80fc3ab36 100644 --- a/luk/12/37.md +++ b/luk/12/37.md @@ -1,15 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amen]] * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable.) +* Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable. * **Blessed are** - "How good it is for" * **whom the master will find watching when he comes** - "whose master finds them waiting for him when he returns" or "who are ready when the master returns" * **he will tuck…make them sit down** - This is a reversal the previous verses. Because the servants have been faithful to their master, the master will now reward them by serving them. * **he will tuck his long robe in his belt** - This can be translated with the implicit information made explicit: “He will prepare to serve by tucking his clothes into his belt” or “He will dress to serve.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **in the second watch of the night** - This can be translated as "late at night" or "just before midnight." The second watch was between 9:00 p.m. and midnight. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) -* **or if even in the third watch** - This can be translated as "or if he comes very late at night." The third watch was from midnight to 3:00 a.m. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) +* **in the second watch of the night** - This can be translated as "late at night" or "just before midnight." The second watch was between 9:00 p.m. and midnight. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimewatch]]) +* **or if even in the third watch** - This can be translated as "or if he comes very late at night." The third watch was from midnight to 3:00 a.m. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimewatch]]) diff --git a/luk/12/39.md b/luk/12/39.md index e8783029e..ab2d00d5c 100644 --- a/luk/12/39.md +++ b/luk/12/39.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:hour]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] +* [[en:tw:thief]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable.) +* Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable. * **because you do not know the hour when the Son of Man comes** - The only similarity between a thief and the Son of Man is that people do not know when either one will come, so they need to be ready. * **when the Son of Man comes** - Jesus was talking about himself. So it can be translated as "when I, the Son of Man, will come." diff --git a/luk/12/41.md b/luk/12/41.md index 4e40abf0b..631764b52 100644 --- a/luk/12/41.md +++ b/luk/12/41.md @@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:faithful]] * [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:manager]] * [[en:tw:parable]] * [[en:tw:peter]] @@ -14,6 +13,6 @@ * **Who then is** - This is the beginning of a rhetorical question. Jesus did not answer Peter's question directly, but expected those who wanted to be faithful managers to understand that the parable was about them. It can be introduced with a statement: "I said it for everyone who is." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the faithful and wise manager** - Jesus tells another parable about how servants should be faithful while they wait for their master to return. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) -* **whom his lord will set over his other servants** - "whom his lord puts in charge of his other servants" -* **Blessed is that servant** - "How good it is for that servant" -* **whom his lord finds doing that when he comes** - This can be translated as "if his lord finds him doing that work when he comes back." +* **whom his lord will set over his other servants** - "whom his lord puts in charge of his other servants" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) +* **Blessed is that servant** - "How good it is for that servant" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) +* **whom his lord finds doing that when he comes** - This can be translated as "if his lord finds him doing that work when he comes back." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) diff --git a/luk/12/45.md b/luk/12/45.md index 67ed887b5..60e1b4e5e 100644 --- a/luk/12/45.md +++ b/luk/12/45.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:appoint]] +* [[en:tw:drunk]] * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:servant]] @@ -7,8 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable.) +* Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable. * **that servant** - This refers to the servant whose lord has put him in charge of the other servants. -* **My lord delays his return** - This can be translated as "My master will not return soon." +* **says in his heart** - AT: "thinks to himself" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **My lord delays his return** - AT: "My master will not return soon" * **male and female servants** - The words that are translated here as “male and female servants” are normally translated as “boys” and "girls". They may indicate that the servants were young or that they were dear to their master. * **place his portion with the unfaithful** - "put him with the unfaithful people" or "sends him to the place where he sends those who are unfaithful" diff --git a/luk/12/47.md b/luk/12/47.md index dc5dc9b62..e36c37021 100644 --- a/luk/12/47.md +++ b/luk/12/47.md @@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable.) +* Jesus continues to tell his disciples a parable. * **will be beaten with many blows** - "will be hit many times" or "will be whipped many times." This can be translated with an active verb: "his master will hit him many times" or "his master will punish him severely." * **Everyone to whom much is given, much will be required of him** - This can be translated with active verbs: "They will require more of anyone who has received much" or "the master will require more of everyone he has given much to." * **they entrust … they will ask** - The word "they" here does not refer to a specific group of people. It can also be translated as "the master entrusts ... the master will ask." If you translated the previous sentences with a passive, consider following the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **to whom they entrust much** - "to whom they give much property to take care of" or "to whom they give much responsibility" +* **to whom they entrust much** - "to whom they give much property to take care of" or "to whom they give much responsibility" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/12/49.md b/luk/12/49.md index 3de0bc676..d88c2ffb9 100644 --- a/luk/12/49.md +++ b/luk/12/49.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:baptize]] +* [[en:tw:fire]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **I came to cast fire upon the earth** - "I came to throw fire on the earth" or "I came to set the earth on fire." Possible meanings for this metaphor are 1) judgment or 2) purification or 3) division. * **how I wish that it was already kindled** - This is an exclamation emphasizing how much he wants this to happen. It can be translated as "I wish very much that it was already lit" or more generally as "How I wish that it had already begun." (See the section on Sentence Types in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]].) -* **But I have a baptism to be baptized with** - Baptism is used here as a metaphor for suffering. Just as water covers a person during baptism, suffering will overwhelm Jesus. This can be translated as "I will be baptized with suffering" or as a simile: "I must be overwhelmed in suffering as a person being baptized is covered by water." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **But I have a baptism to be baptized with** - Baptism is used here as a metaphor for suffering. Just as water covers a person during baptism, suffering will overwhelm Jesus. This can be translated as "I will be baptized with suffering" or as a simile: "I must be overwhelmed in suffering as a person being baptized is covered by water." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **But** - The word "but" is used to show that he cannot cast the fire on the earth until after he is baptized. -* **how I am distressed until it is completed!** - This exclamation emphasizes how distressed he was. It can be translated as “I am terribly distressed and will be so until this suffering is completed!” +* **how I am distressed until it is completed!** - This exclamation emphasizes how distressed he was. It can be translated as “I am terribly distressed and will be so until this suffering is completed!” (See the section on Sentence Types in [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]]) diff --git a/luk/12/51.md b/luk/12/51.md index f223a47db..e76763c7f 100644 --- a/luk/12/51.md +++ b/luk/12/51.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:earth]] * [[en:tw:peace]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **Do you think that I came to bring peace on the earth?** - This is a rhetorical question. People expected the Messiah to bring them peace from their enemies. This can be translated as "You should not think that I have come to bring peace on earth." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **but rather division** - "but I came to bring division" * **division** - "hostility" or "discord" diff --git a/luk/12/54.md b/luk/12/54.md index b48a4819d..55d9e8982 100644 --- a/luk/12/54.md +++ b/luk/12/54.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:hypocrite]] +* [[en:tw:interpret]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/12/57.md b/luk/12/57.md index 357a4368f..da18beecb 100644 --- a/luk/12/57.md +++ b/luk/12/57.md @@ -2,14 +2,16 @@ * [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:judge]] +* [[en:tw:judgeposition]] * [[en:tw:prison]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the crowds.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the crowds. * **Why do you not judge what is right for yourselves** - This is a rhetorical question used as a rebuke. It can be translated as "You yourselves should discern what is right." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It introduces Jesus' teaching about what is right. * **for yourselves** - “on your own initiative” or “while you still have time to do that” (UDB). It implies that the hearers should act out of their own self-interest and wisdom without anyone else having to force them. * **For when you go with your adversary** - This is the beginning of another parable. Jesus uses a hypothetical situation as a metaphor for God's impending judgment. * **For when you go** - Though Jesus is talking to a crowd, the situation he is presenting is something that a person would go through alone. So in some languages the word "you" would be singular. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **settle the matter with him** - "settle the matter with your adversary" * **the judge** - This refers to the magistrate, but the term here is more specific and threatening. +* **does not deliver you** - "does not hand you over" diff --git a/luk/13/01.md b/luk/13/01.md index a723c11ca..19b67826d 100644 --- a/luk/13/01.md +++ b/luk/13/01.md @@ -2,15 +2,17 @@ * [[en:tw:galilee]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:perish]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:sacrifice]] * [[en:tw:sin]] +* [[en:tw:suffer]] ## translationNotes * **At that time** - This phrase connects this event to the end of chapter 12 when Jesus was teaching a crowd of people. -* **whose blood Pilate mixed with their own sacrifices** - This is a figure of speech in which their death is spoken of in terms of their blood. It can be translated as "who were killed by Pilate when they were offering their sacrifices." Pilate probably ordered his soldiers to kill people rather than doing it himself. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **whose blood Pilate mixed with their own sacrifices** - This is a figure of speech in which their death is spoken of in terms of their blood. It can be translated as "who were killed by Pilate when they were offering their sacrifices." Pilate probably ordered his soldiers to kill people rather than doing it himself. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **Do you think that these Galileans were more sinful** - "Were these Galileans more sinful" or "Does this prove that these Galileans were more sinful?" This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as a statement: "You think that these Galileans were more sinful" or as a command "Do not think that these Galileans were more sinful" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **No, I tell you** - Jesus said "I tell you" here to emphasize "No." It can be translated as "Certainly not!" Possible meanings are "They certainly were not more sinful" or "Their suffering certainly does not prove that." It can be translated as "You are wrong to think that." * **all of you will perish in the same way** - "all of you also will die." The phrase "in the same way" means "with the same result," not "by the same method." diff --git a/luk/13/04.md b/luk/13/04.md index 43698b0ef..9314f17cf 100644 --- a/luk/13/04.md +++ b/luk/13/04.md @@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the crowd.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the crowd. * **Or those ** - This is Jesus' second example of people who suffered. This can start with "Or consider those" or "Think about those." It can also be translated as "What about those" in order to connect it to the rhetorical question that follows it. +* **eighteen people** - "18 people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **do you think they were worse sinners** - “Were they more sinful” or “Does this prove that they were more sinful?” This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as a statement: “You think that they were more sinful” or as a command “Do not think that they were more sinful” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **other men** - "other people" * **No, I say** - Jesus said “I say” here to emphasize “No.” It can be translated as "Certainly not!" Possible meanings are “They certainly were not more sinful” or “Their suffering certainly does not prove that.” It can be translated as “You are wrong to think that.” If the diff --git a/luk/13/06.md b/luk/13/06.md index 1383aed0e..e58cf10e9 100644 --- a/luk/13/06.md +++ b/luk/13/06.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the crowd.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the crowd. * **Jesus told this parable** - He spoke the parable to explain his statement in the previous verse that they should repent or perish. * **Why let it waste the ground** - This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as a statement as it is in the UDB or as a command: "Do not let it waste the ground." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/13/08.md b/luk/13/08.md index dc66a6570..bbb4780e6 100644 --- a/luk/13/08.md +++ b/luk/13/08.md @@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) +* Jesus continues telling his story. * **Leave it alone** - This can be translated as "Do not do anything to the tree" or "Do not cut it down." +* **year** - See [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeyear]]. * **and put manure on it** - "and put manure in the soil." Manure is animal dung. People put it in the ground to make the soil good for plants and trees. * **cut it down** - This can be translated as "Let me cut it down" or "Tell me to cut it down." The servant was making a suggestion; he was not giving a command to the owner. diff --git a/luk/13/12.md b/luk/13/12.md index c56040430..4e8c4686f 100644 --- a/luk/13/12.md +++ b/luk/13/12.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:sabbath]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] diff --git a/luk/13/15.md b/luk/13/15.md index c8034f7fc..89d419465 100644 --- a/luk/13/15.md +++ b/luk/13/15.md @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abraham]] +* [[en:tw:bond]] +* [[en:tw:cow]] +* [[en:tw:donkey]] * [[en:tw:hypocrite]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:sabbath]] @@ -14,5 +17,4 @@ * **daughter of Abraham** - "descendant of Abraham" * **whom Satan bound** - This is a metaphor. It means "whom Satan kept crippled." The metaphor can be kept and the meaning can be made explicit: "whom Satan bound with this disease." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **eighteen long years** - The word "long" here emphasizes that eighteen years was a very long time for the woman to suffer. Other languages may have other ways of emphasizing this. -* **is it not necessary** - This starts a rhetorical question. Jesus used it to lead the people to admit that it was right to heal the woman on the Sabbath. It can be translated as a statement "Certainly you would agree that it is right" (UDB). -* **to untie her bonds** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as "to untie her from Satan" or "to untie the bonds of this illness" +* **to untie her bonds** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as "to untie her from Satan" or "to untie the bonds of this illness" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/13/17.md b/luk/13/17.md index a2af84173..ea8aa2200 100644 --- a/luk/13/17.md +++ b/luk/13/17.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] +* [[en:tw:shame]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/13/18.md b/luk/13/18.md index db38c964a..e8e88c95e 100644 --- a/luk/13/18.md +++ b/luk/13/18.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the people in the synagogue.) +* Jesus continues to teach the people in the synagogue. * **What is the kingdom of God like** - This is a rhetorical question that introduces what Jesus wants to talk about it. It can be translated as a statement: "I will tell you what the kingdom of God is like." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **what will I compare it to** - This is basically the same as the previous rhetorical question. Jesus used it to introduce what he would talk about. Some languages can use both of these, and some would use only one. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **a mustard seed** - Mustard seeds are a very small seeds that grow into large plants. If these are not known, it can be translated with the name of another seed like it or simply as "a small seed." +* **what will I compare it to** - This is basically the same as the previous rhetorical question. Jesus used it to introduce what he would talk about. Some languages can use both of these, and some would use only one. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **a mustard seed** - Mustard seeds are very small seeds that grow into large plants. If these are not known, it can be translated with the name of another seed like it or simply as "a small seed." * **and threw into his garden** - "and planted in his garden." People planted some kinds of seeds by throwing them so that they scattered in the garden. * **a big tree** - This is an exaggeration to make a point. It can also be translated as "a very large shrub." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **birds of heaven** - "birds of the sky." It can be translated as "birds that fly in the sky" or simply "birds." diff --git a/luk/13/20.md b/luk/13/20.md index d972defd0..07ab0119e 100644 --- a/luk/13/20.md +++ b/luk/13/20.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking in the synagogue.) -* **To what will I compare the Kingdom of God?** - This is another rhetorical question that introduces what Jesus wants to talk about it. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It can be translated as a statement as in the UDB. +* Jesus continues speaking in the synagogue. +* **To what will I compare the Kingdom of God?** - This is another rhetorical question that introduces what Jesus wants to talk about it. It can be translated as a statement as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **It is like yeast** - Only a little bit of yeast was needed to make a lot of dough rise. This can be made clear as it is in the UDB. * **three measures of flour** - It can be translated as "a large amount of flour" or with a term that your culture uses for measuring a large amount of flour. diff --git a/luk/13/22.md b/luk/13/22.md index e1f689658..a69a1a651 100644 --- a/luk/13/22.md +++ b/luk/13/22.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Struggle to enter the narrow door** - "Work hard to go through the narrow doorway." This is part of a metaphor about God's kingdom (See: [[en:obe:kt:kingdomofgod]]). In this metaphor, God's kingdom is represented by a house. Jesus was speaking to a group of people. So the "you" implied in this command is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **Struggle to enter the narrow door** - "Work hard to go through the narrow doorway." This is part of a metaphor about God's kingdom . In this metaphor, God's kingdom is represented by a house. Jesus was speaking to a group of people. So the "you" implied in this command is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:obe:kt:kingdomofgod]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **the narrow door** - Becoming part of the kingdom is represented by entering the narrow door. The fact that the door is narrow implies that only a few people at a time can go through it. Translate it in a way to keep this restrictive meaning. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/13/25.md b/luk/13/25.md index a4ea04cb1..7856bc6e5 100644 --- a/luk/13/25.md +++ b/luk/13/25.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:evildoer]] * [[en:tw:lord]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues talking about entering into God's kingdom.) +* Jesus continues talking about entering into God's kingdom. * **the owner of the house** - This refers to God and can be translated as “God.” * **you will stand outside** - Jesus was talking to a crowd. The form of "you" is plural (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]). He is addressing them as if they will not enter through the door into the kingdom. * **Get away from me** - "Go away from me" -* **evil-doers** - "people who do evil" +* **evil-doers** - doers** - "people who do evil" diff --git a/luk/13/28.md b/luk/13/28.md index 3117581ad..4e9a26e77 100644 --- a/luk/13/28.md +++ b/luk/13/28.md @@ -5,10 +5,11 @@ * [[en:tw:isaac]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:prophet]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to talk about going into God's kingdom.) +* Jesus continues to talk about going into God's kingdom. * **but you—you were thrown outside** - "but you yourselves will have been thrown outside" * **They will arrive** - "People will come" * **the last are the first** - This is about honor or importance. It can be translated as "Some who are the least important will be the most important" or "Some who are dishonored will be honored." diff --git a/luk/13/31.md b/luk/13/31.md index 432632e8c..0043b15f2 100644 --- a/luk/13/31.md +++ b/luk/13/31.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:castout]] * [[en:tw:demon]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] @@ -9,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **shortly after** - "shortly after Jesus finished speaking" +* **Shortly after** - "Shortly after Jesus finished speaking" * **Go and leave here because Herod wants to kill you** - Translate this as a warning to Jesus. They were advising him to go somewhere else and be safe. * **Herod wants to kill you** - "Herod wants to have you killed." Herod would order people to kill Jesus. * **that fox** - Jesus was calling Herod a fox. A fox is a small wild dog. This is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) Herod was not much of a threat at all 2) Herod was deceptive. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). -* **it is not acceptable to kill a prophet outside of Jerusalem** - The Jewish leaders killed many of God's prophets in Jerusalem and Jesus knew that they would kill him there too. Alternate translation: "It is in Jerusalem that the Jewish leaders kill God's messengers." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) +* **it is not acceptable to kill a prophet away from Jerusalem** - The Jewish leaders killed many of God's prophets in Jerusalem and Jesus knew that they would kill him there too. AT: "It is in Jerusalem that the Jewish leaders kill God's messengers." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) diff --git a/luk/13/34.md b/luk/13/34.md index a474ff02a..388852d53 100644 --- a/luk/13/34.md +++ b/luk/13/34.md @@ -2,16 +2,18 @@ * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:send]] +* [[en:tw:stone]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking with the Pharisees before going to Jerusalem.) +* Jesus continues speaking with the Pharisees before going to Jerusalem. * **Jerusalem, Jerusalem** - Jesus speaks as if the people of Jerusalem were there listening to him. Jesus said this twice to show how sad he was for them. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) * **who kills the prophets and stones those sent to you** - If it would be strange to address the city, you can make it clear that Jesus was really addressing the people in the city: "you people who kill the prophets and stone those God has sent to you" * **to gather your children** - "to gather your people" or "to gather you" * **the way a hen gathers her brood under her wings** - This metaphor describes how a hen protects her young from harm by covering them with her wings. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **your house is abandoned** - This is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) "God has abandoned you" or 2) "Your city is empty." It means that God has stopped protecting the people of Jerusalem, so enemies can attack them and drive them away. This is a prophecy about something that would happen soon. It can be translated as "your house will be abandoned" or "God will abandon you." (See: [[:en:obe:kt:prophet]]) +* **your house is abandoned** - This is a metaphor. Possible meanings are 1) "God has abandoned you" or 2) "Your city is empty." It means that God has stopped protecting the people of Jerusalem, so enemies can attack them and drive them away. This is a prophecy about something that would happen soon. It can be translated as "your house will be abandoned" or "God will abandon you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **you will not see me until you say** - "you will not see me until the time comes when you will say" or "the next time you see me, you will say" diff --git a/luk/14/04.md b/luk/14/04.md index 377d30c6c..577868ffa 100644 --- a/luk/14/04.md +++ b/luk/14/04.md @@ -1,7 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:heal]] -* [[en:tw:sabbath]] +* [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:ox]] +* [[en:tw:well]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/14/07.md b/luk/14/07.md index 930b023c5..b36ff9f26 100644 --- a/luk/14/07.md +++ b/luk/14/07.md @@ -1,10 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:feast]] +* [[en:tw:honor]] * [[en:tw:parable]] +* [[en:tw:shame]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the people at the Pharisee's house.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the people at the Pharisee's house. * **the seats of honor** - the seats for people who were given honor * **and then in shame ** - "Then you will feel ashamed and" diff --git a/luk/14/10.md b/luk/14/10.md index 14ef3c69e..c7054bd3c 100644 --- a/luk/14/10.md +++ b/luk/14/10.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:exalt]] +* [[en:tw:humble]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the people at the Pharisee's house.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the people at the Pharisee's house. * **the lowest place** - "the seat meant for the least important person" * **go up higher** - "Move to a seat higher honor" * **who exalts himself** - "tries to look important" or "who takes an important position" diff --git a/luk/14/13.md b/luk/14/13.md index 0c5edce50..bee3aa8e2 100644 --- a/luk/14/13.md +++ b/luk/14/13.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bless]] +* [[en:tw:justice]] * [[en:tw:resurrection]] -* [[en:tw:righteous]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the Pharisee who had invited him to his home.) -* **they cannot repay you** - This can be translated as "they cannot invite you to a banquet in return." -* **in the resurrection of the just** - "when the righteous people are resurrected from the dead" +* Jesus continues speaking to the Pharisee who had invited him to his home. +* **they cannot repay you** - AT: "they cannot invite you to a banquet in return" +* **in the resurrection of the just** - "when God brings the righteous people back to life" diff --git a/luk/14/18.md b/luk/14/18.md index a05498d1f..db54fa5f7 100644 --- a/luk/14/18.md +++ b/luk/14/18.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:ox]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **to make excuses** - Here it means "to say why they could not come to the dinner." * **Please excuse me** - "Please forgive me" or "Please accept my apology" * **five pairs of oxen** - Oxen are cows or bulls that people use to pull heavy loads or do other hard work. Oxen usually work in pairs. diff --git a/luk/14/21.md b/luk/14/21.md index 19f7a97e5..7d5857a7e 100644 --- a/luk/14/21.md +++ b/luk/14/21.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **became angry** - "became angry with the people he had invited" * **The servant said** - It may be necessary to state clearly the implied information that the servant did what the master commanded him as in the UDB: "After the servant went out and did that, he came back and said." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/14/23.md b/luk/14/23.md index d2252c171..15ca4762f 100644 --- a/luk/14/23.md +++ b/luk/14/23.md @@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **the highways and hedges** - This refers to roads and paths outside of the city. It can be translated as "the main roads and paths outside of the city." * **those men** - The word here for "men" means "male adults" and not just people in general. -* **who were first invited ** - who were first invited - "whom I first invited" +* **who were first invited ** - "whom I first invited" * **will taste my dinner** - "will enjoy the dinner I have prepared" diff --git a/luk/14/25.md b/luk/14/25.md index 30b756f98..391c0f614 100644 --- a/luk/14/25.md +++ b/luk/14/25.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father...he cannot be my disciple.** - This can also be expressed positively: "If anyone comes to me, he can be my disciple only if he hates his own father." -* **hate** - This is an exaggeration to show how important it is to love Jesus much more than anyone else. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]). If the hyperbole would be misunderstood, it can be translated as "If anyone comes to me and does not love me more than he loves his father...he cannot be my disciple" or positively as "If anyone comes to me, he can be my disciple only if he loves me more than he loves his own father." +* **hate** - This is an exaggeration to show how important it is to love Jesus much more than anyone else. If the hyperbole would be misunderstood, it can be translated as "If anyone comes to me and does not love me more than he loves his father...he cannot be my disciple" or positively as "If anyone comes to me, he can be my disciple only if he loves me more than he loves his own father." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **yes, and his own life also** - "and even his own life" * **Whoever does not carry his own cross and come after me cannot be my disciple** - This can be expressed positively: "If anyone wants to be my disciple, he must carry his own cross and follow me." * **carry his own cross** - This means "be willing to die." People who were condemned to die were often forced to carry the cross on which they would be hung and killed. People who followed Christ would have to be willing to suffer persecution that could come. diff --git a/luk/14/28.md b/luk/14/28.md index daab79b3c..f88fa5811 100644 --- a/luk/14/28.md +++ b/luk/14/28.md @@ -1,9 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:foundation]] +* [[en:tw:mock]] +* [[en:tw:watchtower]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the crowds.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the crowds. * **For which of you** - This is the beginning of a rhetorical question. Jesus used it to get people to think about what they would do in a particular situation. It can also be translated as a statement: If one of you wanted to build a tower, you would certainly first sit down and count the cost." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **tower** - This may have been a watchtower in a vineyard. Some languages might translate it as "a tall building" or "a high lookout platform." * **Otherwise** - "If he does not first count the cost" diff --git a/luk/14/31.md b/luk/14/31.md index 20026eb18..1b85eda13 100644 --- a/luk/14/31.md +++ b/luk/14/31.md @@ -1,14 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:ambassador]] +* [[en:tw:counselor]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:king]] +* [[en:tw:peace]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the crowd.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the crowd. * **Or** - Jesus used this word to introduce another situation where people count the cost before making a decision. * **what king … will not sit down first and take counsel** - This starts off another rhetorical question. It can be translated as as statement: "You know that a king … would sit down first and take counsel." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **take counsel** - Possible meanings are 1) "think carefully about" or 2) "listen to his advisors" +* **ten thousand...twenty thousand** - "10,000...20,000" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **And if not** - "and if he realizes that he will not be able to to defeat the other king" or "If he decided his army could not defeat the other army" (ULB) * **ambassador** - "messenger" or "representative" * **anyone of you who does not give up all that he has cannot be my disciple** - This can be expressed positively: "Only those of you who give up all that you have can be my disciples." diff --git a/luk/14/34.md b/luk/14/34.md index b277d5f52..97aaa9920 100644 --- a/luk/14/34.md +++ b/luk/14/34.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the crowd following him) +* Jesus continues speaking to the crowd following him. * **Salt is good** - "Salt is useful" * **how can it be made salty again** - This is a rhetorical question. It can also be translated as "It cannot be made salty again" or "No one can make it salty again." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **for the soil or the manure pile** - "Manure pile" can be translated as "compost heap" or "fertilizer." Manure was used to fertilize gardens and fields. Food that had gone bad could be mixed in with manure. But salt that had lost its flavor could not be used even for that. It was completely useless. diff --git a/luk/15/03.md b/luk/15/03.md index fb067aad4..75ac8ea53 100644 --- a/luk/15/03.md +++ b/luk/15/03.md @@ -8,5 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Jesus spoke this parable to them** - "To them" refers to the religious leaders. -* **Which one of you . . will not leave the ninety nine . . and go after . . until he finds it?** - This is a rhetorical question. Jesus was reminding the people that if any of them lost one of their sheep, they would certainly go looking for it. This can be translated as a statement as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) Some languages have ways of showing that this is a hypothetical situation and not a story about a particular person who has lost a sheep. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) -* **Which one of you, if he has a hundred sheep** - Since the parable starts with "Which one of you", some languages would continue the parable in the second person "if you have a hundred sheep." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **Which one of you . . will not leave the ninety nine . . and go after . . until he finds it?** - This is a rhetorical question. Jesus was reminding the people that if any of them lost one of their sheep, they would certainly go looking for it. This can be translated as a statement as in the UDB. Some languages have ways of showing that this is a hypothetical situation and not a story about a particular person who has lost a sheep. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) +* **Which one of you, if he has a hundred sheep** - Since the parable starts with "Which one of you," some languages would continue the parable in the second person "if you have a hundred sheep." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **hundred...ninety-nine** - nine** - "100...99" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/luk/15/06.md b/luk/15/06.md index b5352c1b5..e91e97f29 100644 --- a/luk/15/06.md +++ b/luk/15/06.md @@ -1,17 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:heaven]] -* [[en:tw:rejoice]] +* [[en:tw:joy]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] -* [[en:tw:sheep]] -* [[en:tw:sin]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **And when he comes to the house** - "When the owner of the sheep comes home" or "And when you come home" (UDB). Refer to the owner of the sheep as you did in the previous verse. * **I say to you** - The word "I" refers to Jesus. He is speaking to a group of people, so the word "you" is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **even so** - "in the same way" or "as the shepherd and his friends and neighbors would rejoice" * **there will be joy in heaven** - "everyone in heaven will rejoice" -* **ninety-nine righteous persons who do not need to repent** - "ninety nine people who think that they are righteous and do not need to repent." Jesus was not saying that there really are any righteous people. Rather he was using a figure of speech called irony, because he was talking to people who assumed that they were righteous, but they were not. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) +* **ninety-nine righteous persons who do not need to repent** - nine righteous persons who do not need to repent** - "ninety nine people who think that they are righteous and do not need to repent." Jesus was not saying that there really are any righteous people. Rather he was using a figure of speech called irony, because he was talking to people who assumed that they were righteous, but they were not. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) diff --git a/luk/15/08.md b/luk/15/08.md index f48b8112a..ea33bcbfb 100644 --- a/luk/15/08.md +++ b/luk/15/08.md @@ -1,14 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:God]] * [[en:tw:angel]] -* [[en:tw:joy]] -* [[en:tw:rejoice]] -* [[en:tw:repent]] -* [[en:tw:sin]] +* [[en:tw:lamp]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the religious leaders.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the religious leaders. * **What woman…would not light a lamp…and seek diligently until she has found it?** - This is a rhetorical question. Jesus was reminding the people that if any of them lost a silver coin, they would certainly look for it diligently. This sentence can be translated as “You know that if a woman had ten silver coins and lost one, she would light a lamp, sweep the floor and search carefully until she has found it.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **what woman** - This is a hypothetical situation and not a story about a real woman. Some languages have ways of showing this. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) * **Even so** - "In the same way" or "Just as people would rejoice with the woman" diff --git a/luk/15/11.md b/luk/15/11.md index 2754f2fb4..b172466f2 100644 --- a/luk/15/11.md +++ b/luk/15/11.md @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:inherit]] -* [[en:tw:son]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/15/13.md b/luk/15/13.md index a93792bf3..82665f671 100644 --- a/luk/15/13.md +++ b/luk/15/13.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:famine]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **packed up** - "packed his things" or "put his things in his bag" * **with wildly extravagant living** - This can be translated as "by spending all his money on things he did not need." * **There a great famine happened** - "There was a severe famine" (UDB) or "there was not enough food" diff --git a/luk/15/15.md b/luk/15/15.md index 2f323750b..fc0e8087e 100644 --- a/luk/15/15.md +++ b/luk/15/15.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:citizen]] * [[en:tw:pig]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **He went** - The word "he" refers to the younger son. * **hired himself out to** - This can be translated as "took a job with" or "began to work for." * **one of the citizens of that country** - "a man of that country" diff --git a/luk/15/17.md b/luk/15/17.md index 40ffd2e87..ecd106d0a 100644 --- a/luk/15/17.md +++ b/luk/15/17.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:sin]] * [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues his story.) +* Jesus continues his story. * **came to himself** - "came to his senses" or "understood his situation" or "began to think clearly" * **How many of my father's hired hands have more than enough food** - This is part of an exclamation. It can be translated as "All my father's hired servants have more than enough food to eat" (UDB). * **dying from hunger** - This is probably not an exaggeration. The young man may really have been starving. diff --git a/luk/15/20.md b/luk/15/20.md index c7c6a1780..1b02c5b2b 100644 --- a/luk/15/20.md +++ b/luk/15/20.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:sin]] -* [[en:tw:worthy]] +* [[en:tw:compassion]] +* [[en:tw:kiss]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **the young son left and came towards his father** - "he left that country and started going back to his father." * **was moved with compassion** - "had pity on him" or "loved him deeply from his heart" * **hugged and kissed** - The father did this to show his son that he loved him and was glad that the son was coming home. If people think that it is strange or wrong for a man to hug and kiss his son, you can substitute a way that men in your culture show affection to other men. Or you can translate it more generally as "welcomed him affectionately." diff --git a/luk/15/22.md b/luk/15/22.md index 0f2701225..29b09b51a 100644 --- a/luk/15/22.md +++ b/luk/15/22.md @@ -1,16 +1,20 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:cow]] * [[en:tw:death]] +* [[en:tw:feast]] * [[en:tw:life]] +* [[en:tw:robe]] +* [[en:tw:sandal]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **best robe** - "the best robe in the house." A robe was a long garment worn over other clothing. In places where robes are not known, it can be translated as "the best coat" or "the best garment." * **put a ring on his hand** - A ring was a sign of authority that men wore on one of their fingers. * **sandals** - Sandals are a type of shoe. Where sandals are not known, it can be translated as "shoes." * **fattened calf** - A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so that it would grow well, and then when they wanted to have a special feast, they would eat it. This can be translated as "the best calf" or "the young cow we have been been giving lots of food to" or "the young animal we have been making fat." * **and kill it** - The implied information that they were to cook the meat can be made clear: "and kill it and cook it." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **my son was dead and is now alive** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as a simile: "it is as if my son was dead and became alive again" or "I felt like my son had died, but he is alive." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **he was lost and is now found** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as a simile: "It is as if my son was lost and has been found" or "I feel like my son was lost, and has been found" or "my son was lost and has returned home." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **he was lost and is now found** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as a simile: "It is as if my son was lost and has been found" or "I feel like my son was lost, and has been found" or "my son was lost and has returned home." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/luk/15/25.md b/luk/15/25.md index 0a6ff3e7f..61eac70d3 100644 --- a/luk/15/25.md +++ b/luk/15/25.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **servant** - The word that is translated here as “servant” is normally translated as “boy.” It may indicate that the servant was very young. * **what these things might be** - "what was happening" (UDB) * **the fattened calf** - This can be translated as “the best calf” or “the young bull we have been been giving lots of food to” or “the young animal we have been making fat.” diff --git a/luk/15/28.md b/luk/15/28.md index 2a454805b..aeaca8316 100644 --- a/luk/15/28.md +++ b/luk/15/28.md @@ -1,11 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:angry]] +* [[en:tw:beg]] +* [[en:tw:devour]] +* [[en:tw:goat]] * [[en:tw:prostitute]] -* [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **never broke a rule of yours** - "never disobeyed any of your commands" or "always obeyed everything you told me to do" (UDB). * **have a feast** - This can also be translated as "celebrate." * **your son** - "that son of yours." The older son refers to his brother this way in order to show how angry he is. diff --git a/luk/15/31.md b/luk/15/31.md index 5130271f5..a2d88e266 100644 --- a/luk/15/31.md +++ b/luk/15/31.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **this brother of yours** - The father was reminding the older son that the one who just came home was his brother. * **was dead and is now alive** - This is a metaphor. The son's leaving his family for a long period of time is compared to being dead, and his returning is compared to being alive again. It can be translated as a simile as it is in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **he was lost and has now been found** - This is a metaphor. The younger brother's being away from his family for a long period of time is compared to being lost, and his return home is compared to being found. This can be translated as "It is as though he was lost and has now been found" (UDB) or "he was lost and has returned home." +* **he was lost and has now been found** - This is a metaphor. The younger brother's being away from his family for a long period of time is compared to being lost, and his return home is compared to being found. This can be translated as "It is as though he was lost and has now been found" (UDB) or "he was lost and has returned home." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/16/01.md b/luk/16/01.md index bfac337bf..8b56defba 100644 --- a/luk/16/01.md +++ b/luk/16/01.md @@ -1,10 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:Jesus]] +* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:manager]] +* [[en:tw:possess]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the people.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the people. * **And Jesus also said to his disciples** - The last section was directed at Pharisees and scribes, though Jesus' disciples may have been part of the crowd listening. * **it was reported to him** - "people reported to the rich man" * **squandering his possessions** - "scattering his possessions" or "foolishly spending the rich man's wealth" diff --git a/luk/16/03.md b/luk/16/03.md index 09ad779c7..594e17dec 100644 --- a/luk/16/03.md +++ b/luk/16/03.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:beg]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:manager]] +* [[en:tw:shame]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) +* Jesus continues telling his story. * **What should I do?** - The manager asks this of himself, as a means of reviewing his options. * **my master** - This refers to the wealthy man. It could also be translated as "my employer." The manager was not a slave. * **I do not have strength to dig** - "I am not strong enough to dig the ground" or "I am not able to dig" diff --git a/luk/16/05.md b/luk/16/05.md index 720946448..28b41d7cf 100644 --- a/luk/16/05.md +++ b/luk/16/05.md @@ -1,13 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:oil]] +* [[en:tw:olive]] +* [[en:tw:wheat]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) +* Jesus continues telling his story. * **his master's debtors** - "the people who were in debt to his master" or "the people who owed his mater something." In this story the debtors owed olive oil and wheat. * **he called...he asked** - “the manager called...the manager asked” * **a hundred measures of olive oil ** - "around 3400 liters of olive oil" +* **hundred...fifty...eighty** - "100...50...80" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **he said...he said to him** - “the debtor said...the manager said to the debtor” * **a hundred measures of wheat** - "around 22,000 dry liters of wheat grain" * **he said...he said...he said to him** - “the manager said...the debtor said...the manager said to the debtor” diff --git a/luk/16/08.md b/luk/16/08.md index 7d202f030..d8d714527 100644 --- a/luk/16/08.md +++ b/luk/16/08.md @@ -1,13 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:eternity]] +* [[en:tw:light]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:manager]] -* [[en:tw:righteous]] -* [[en:tw:wise]] +* [[en:tw:son]] +* [[en:tw:unrighteous]] +* [[en:tw:world]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) +* Jesus continues telling his story. * **the master ... commended** - The debtors whose debts the manager had lowered would probably have thought that the master had ordered the manager to lower them, so they would have praised the master for being generous. * **commended** - "praised" or "spoke well of" or "approved of" * **he had acted shrewdly** - "he had acted cleverly" or "he had done a sensible thing" diff --git a/luk/16/10.md b/luk/16/10.md index e9486ebc0..2f00721de 100644 --- a/luk/16/10.md +++ b/luk/16/10.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:faithful]] -* [[en:tw:righteous]] +* [[en:tw:trust]] +* [[en:tw:unrighteous]] +* [[en:tw:world]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues teaching the people.) +* Jesus continues teaching the people. * **Therefore** - This could also be translated as, "Because of that" or "So in line with this principle." * **who will trust you with true wealth? ** - This is a rhetorical question. It could also be translated as "no one will trust you with true wealth" or "no one will give you true wealth to manage." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **who will give you that which is your own** - This is also a rhetorical question. It could also be translated as "no one will give you wealth for yourself." +* **who will give you that which is your own** - This is also a rhetorical question. It could also be translated as "no one will give you wealth for yourself." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/16/13.md b/luk/16/13.md index 08d2d415b..ed481eab5 100644 --- a/luk/16/13.md +++ b/luk/16/13.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach the people.) +* Jesus continues to teach the people. * **No servant can** - This can also be translated as, "A servant cannot." +* **he will hate** - "the servant will hate" * **devoted** - "dedicated" or "loyal" * **despise the other** - "hold the other in contempt" or "sneer at at other" or "hate the other" * **You cannot serve** - Jesus was talking to a group of people, so languages that have a plural form of "you" would use that. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **serve** - "be a slave to" -* **he will hate** - "the servant will hate" diff --git a/luk/16/14.md b/luk/16/14.md index 42212f7ef..168d34588 100644 --- a/luk/16/14.md +++ b/luk/16/14.md @@ -1,7 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:detestable]] +* [[en:tw:exalt]] +* [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:justify]] -* [[en:tw:love]] +* [[en:tw:lover]] * [[en:tw:mock]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] @@ -11,6 +14,6 @@ * **they ridiculed him** - This can also be translated as "the Pharisees ridiculed Jesus." * **And he said to them** - "And Jesus said to the Pharisees" * **You justify yourselves in the sight of men** - "You try to make yourselves look good to people" -* **God knows you hearts** - God knows you hearts- "God understands your true desires" or "God knows your motives" +* **God knows you hearts** - "God understands your true desires" or "God knows your motives" * **That which is exalted among men** - This can also be translated as "Those things that men think are very important." * **is detestable in the sight of God** - This can also be translated as "God hates" or "are things that God hates." diff --git a/luk/16/16.md b/luk/16/16.md index c7d5b5d70..0eb8c8cd2 100644 --- a/luk/16/16.md +++ b/luk/16/16.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:earth]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] * [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] +* [[en:tw:preach]] +* [[en:tw:prophet]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues teaching the Pharisees.) +* Jesus continues teaching the Pharisees. * **The law and the prophets** - This refers to all of God's word that had been written up to that time. * **John came** - This could be translated as "John the Baptist came and preached." * **the gospel of the kingdom of God is preached** - This could also be translated as "we are teaching people about the gospel of the kingdom of God." diff --git a/luk/16/18.md b/luk/16/18.md index be83890c5..743012561 100644 --- a/luk/16/18.md +++ b/luk/16/18.md @@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the people.) -* Since this is an example of a law that has not changed, this verse could also start with "For example." +* Jesus continues speaking to the people.Since this is an example of a law that has not changed, this verse could also start with "For example." * **Everyone who divorces his wife** - "Anyone who divorces his wife" or "Any man who divorces his wife" or "If a man divorces his wife" * **commits adultery** - "Is guilty of adultery" * **he who marries one** - "any man who marries a woman" or "if a man marries a woman" diff --git a/luk/16/19.md b/luk/16/19.md index 68da1908a..858f509f2 100644 --- a/luk/16/19.md +++ b/luk/16/19.md @@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak.) +* Jesus continues to speak. * **a certain rich man** - It is not clear if this was a real person, or simply a story that Jesus told in order to make a point. * **who was clothed in purple and fine linen** - "who wore clothing made with fine linen and purple dye" or "who wore very expensive clothes." Purple dye and fine linen cloth were very expensive. * **was enjoying every day his great wealth** - This could be translated as "was feasting every day" or "enjoyed eating expensive food every day" or "spent much money and bought whatever he desired." -* **a certain beggar named Lazarus was laid at his gate** - "people had laid a certain beggar named Lazarus at his gate" +* **a certain beggar named Lazarus was laid at his gate** - "people had laid a certain beggar named Lazarus at his gate" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **beggar** - "a poor man who had to beg people for food" * **at his gate** - "at the gate to the rich man's house" or "at the entrance to the rich man's property" * **covered with sores** - "with sores all over his body." diff --git a/luk/16/22.md b/luk/16/22.md index a3cd37d3b..6ed13a689 100644 --- a/luk/16/22.md +++ b/luk/16/22.md @@ -3,12 +3,14 @@ * [[en:tw:abraham]] * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:beg]] +* [[en:tw:bury]] * [[en:tw:hades]] +* [[en:tw:torment]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) -* **Now it came about that** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* Jesus continues telling his story. +* **It came about that** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **and was carried by the angels to Abraham's chest** - "and the angels carried Lazarus to Abraham's chest" * **Abraham's chest** - Apparently Abraham and Lazarus were reclining next to each other at a feast, and Lazarus's head was close to Abraham's chest. This was the Greek style of feasting for invited guests. This phrase could also be translated as "at Abraham's side" or "next to Abraham" or "reclining next to Abraham" or "sitting next to Abraham." * **being in torment** - "where he was continually afflicted" or "while he was suffering severe pain" diff --git a/luk/16/24.md b/luk/16/24.md index 271e5bfe2..afea3145c 100644 --- a/luk/16/24.md +++ b/luk/16/24.md @@ -1,12 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abraham]] +* [[en:tw:anguish]] +* [[en:tw:father]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) +* Jesus continues telling his story. * **And he cried out and said** - "and the rich man called out to say" or "he yelled out to Abraham" +* **Father Abraham** - Abraham was the rich man's ancestor. * **have mercy on me** - This can be translated as "please have pity on me," or "please be merciful to me." * **and send Lazarus** - This can be translated as "by sending Lazarus" or "Please send Lazarus to me" or "and tell Lazarus to come to me." * **he may dip the tip of his finger** - This indicates the smallness of the amount requested. This can be translated as "he may wet the tip of his finger." diff --git a/luk/16/25.md b/luk/16/25.md index b57c4cd13..ed950e991 100644 --- a/luk/16/25.md +++ b/luk/16/25.md @@ -1,11 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abraham]] +* [[en:tw:children]] +* [[en:tw:comfort]] +* [[en:tw:evil]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) -* **Child** - The rich man also one of Abraham's descendants. +* Jesus continues telling his story. +* **Child** - The rich man was also one of Abraham's descendants. * **good things** - "fine things" or "pleasant things" * **in like manner evil things** - This can also be translated as "received evil things" or "received things that caused him to suffer." * **agony** - "acute pain" diff --git a/luk/16/27.md b/luk/16/27.md index e3a341006..ed22a7e93 100644 --- a/luk/16/27.md +++ b/luk/16/27.md @@ -1,12 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:beg]] +* [[en:tw:house]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his story.) +* Jesus continues telling his story. * **that you would send him to my father's house** - This could be translated as "that you would tell Lazarus to go to my father's house" or "Please, send him to my father's house." * **my father's house** - "my family." This probably does not refer to a physical house. The rich man wants Lazarus to warn his family members, even if they do not live in the same house as his father. * **in order that he may warn them** - This could be translated as "Tell Lazarus to warn them." -* **for fear that they also come** - This could be translated as "so that they do not also come" (UDB) or "If they are not warned, they might come." Since it is implied that the way they would avoid going there is by repenting, this implied information could be made clear, as in "so that they might repent and not come." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **this place of torment** - This could be translated as "this place where we suffer torment" or "this place where we suffer terrible pain" or "this place where we are tortured." +* **for fear that they also come** - This could be translated as "so that they do not also come" (UDB) or "If they are not warned, they might come." Since it is implied that the way they would avoid going there is by repenting, this implied information could be made clear, as in "so that they might repent and not come." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **this place of torment** - This could be translated as "this place where we suffer torment" or "this place where we suffer terrible pain" or "this place where we are tortured." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/17/01.md b/luk/17/01.md index 5778b149b..a2726e4f3 100644 --- a/luk/17/01.md +++ b/luk/17/01.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:disciple]] +* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:sin]] -* [[en:tw:tempt]] +* [[en:tw:stumble]] * [[en:tw:woe]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/17/03.md b/luk/17/03.md index 6ca0df3be..d41da4870 100644 --- a/luk/17/03.md +++ b/luk/17/03.md @@ -1,13 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:brother]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:sin]] ## translationNotes +* **If your brother sins** - This is a conditional statement that talks about an event that will probably happen in the future. * **your brother** - This normally includes "your fellow-believer" as well as actual "brothers" who were born to the same mother and father. * **rebuke him** - "warn him strongly" or "tell him strongly that what he did was wrong" or "correct him" -* **if he sins** - This is a conditional statement that talks about an event that will probably happen in the future. -* **if he sins seven times** - This is a hypothetical future situation. It may never happen, but even if it does, Jesus tells people to forgive. +* **If he sins against you seven times** - This is a hypothetical future situation. It may never happen, but even if it does, Jesus tells people to forgive. * **seven times in the day** - This could be translated as "many times in a day." The number seven in the Bible is a symbol for completeness. diff --git a/luk/17/05.md b/luk/17/05.md index f357d2422..df5919048 100644 --- a/luk/17/05.md +++ b/luk/17/05.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ * **Increase our faith** - "Please give us more faith" or "Please add more faith to our faith" * **If you had faith as a mustard seed** - This could be translated as "If you had faith that was even as small as mustard seed" or "If only your faith was as big as a mustard seed, but it isn't." The construction of the phrase implies that they did not, in fact, have faith that was even the size of a mustard seed. +* **a sycamore tree** - “a sycamore fig tree.” It produces small round fruit about 2.5 centimeters across. This can be translated simply as “a fig tree” or “a tree.” * **be uprooted, and be planted in the sea** - This could be translated as "uproot yourself and plant yourself in the sea" or "take your roots out of the ground, and put your roots down into the ocean." * **it would obey you** - "the tree would obey you" This result is conditional. It would happen only if they had faith. diff --git a/luk/17/07.md b/luk/17/07.md index 45b9b4e58..e4f53a64b 100644 --- a/luk/17/07.md +++ b/luk/17/07.md @@ -1,15 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:plow]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:sheep]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **But which of you** - "But who among you" or "But which one of you" This is the beginning of a rhetorical question. It could be translated as a statement starting with "If one of you" or "Suppose that one of you." See the UDB for an example of how to do this. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **which of you who has a servant** - Jesus was asking a group of people about what one of them might do if a certain situation were to come up. It could be translated as "But which of you, if you have servant." * **a servant plowing or tending sheep** - "a servant that plows your field or takes care of your sheep" -* **plow** - "To plow" means to turn over the ground, or cut narrow trenches in the ground, in order to plant seeds in it. * **But will he not say to him** - This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "But instead you would say to him" or "Instead, this is what you will say to him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **put a belt around your clothes and serve me** - "tie your clothes at your waist and serve me" or "dress up properly and take care of me" People would tie their clothes closely around their waist so that their clothes would not get in their way while they worked. * **Then afterwards** - "Then after you serve me" diff --git a/luk/17/09.md b/luk/17/09.md index e6aba1ed5..f2db34091 100644 --- a/luk/17/09.md +++ b/luk/17/09.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:god]] -* [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:command]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **He does not thank** - Depending on how you translated the previous two verses, this could also be translated as "He would not thank" or "You would not thank." * **the things that were commanded** - "the things you commanded him to do" * **does he?** - This could be translated as "right?" or "Isn't this true?" With this rhetorical question, Jesus encourages his disciples to acknowledge that what he is saying is obviously true. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) diff --git a/luk/17/11.md b/luk/17/11.md index 9588c59fd..8761b3d1d 100644 --- a/luk/17/11.md +++ b/luk/17/11.md @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ * [[en:tw:leprosy]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] * [[en:tw:samaria]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/17/14.md b/luk/17/14.md index 6a653d41d..0eeb2e2b9 100644 --- a/luk/17/14.md +++ b/luk/17/14.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:bow]] * [[en:tw:clean]] * [[en:tw:glorify]] * [[en:tw:heal]] * [[en:tw:priest]] +* [[en:tw:samaria]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/17/17.md b/luk/17/17.md index df877b195..a4de29f19 100644 --- a/luk/17/17.md +++ b/luk/17/17.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:faith]] +* [[en:tw:foreigner]] * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:heal]] ## translationNotes * **Jesus, answering, said** - This can be translated as "So Jesus said to the crowd." Jesus responded to what the man did, but he was speaking to the group of people around him. -* **Were not the ten cleansed?** - This is the first of three rhetorical questions. Jesus used them to show the people around him how surprised and disappointed he was that only one of the ten men came back to glorify God. It can be translated as "Ten men were healed" or "God healed ten men." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Where are the nine?** - This rhetorical question can be translated as "The other nine men should have come back, too" or "Why did not the other nine come back?" -* **Were there no others who returned to give glory to God, except this foreigner?** - This rhetorical question can be translated as "No one but this foreigner came back to give glory to God" or "Ten men were healed, yet only this foreigner came back to give glory to God" or "Can it be true that no one but this foreigner came back to give glory to God?" +* **Were not the ten cleansed?** - This is the first of three rhetorical questions. Jesus used them to show the people around him how surprised and disappointed he was that only one of the ten men came back to glorify God. It can be translated as "Ten men were healed" or "God healed ten men." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Where are the nine?** - This rhetorical question can be translated as "The other nine men should have come back, too" or "Why did not the other nine come back?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Were there no others who returned to give glory to God, except this foreigner?** - This rhetorical question can be translated as "No one but this foreigner came back to give glory to God" or "Ten men were healed, yet only this foreigner came back to give glory to God" or "Can it be true that no one but this foreigner came back to give glory to God?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] ) * **this foreigner** - Samaritans had non-Jewish ancestors and they did not worship God in the same way that the Jews did. (See: [[:en:obe:other:samaria]]) * **your faith has healed you** - “because of your faith you have become well.” The idea of “faith” can be translated with a verb: “Because you believe, you are healed.” diff --git a/luk/17/20.md b/luk/17/20.md index e05bba53e..5abf49214 100644 --- a/luk/17/20.md +++ b/luk/17/20.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Being asked by the pharisees** - This can be translated with an active verb. "The Pharisees asked Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) This is the beginning of a new part of the story. Some translations start it with "One day" (UDB) or "Once." +* **Being asked by the pharisees** - This can be translated with an active verb. "The Pharisees asked Jesus." This is the beginning of a new part of the story. Some translations start it with "One day" (UDB) or "Once." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **when the kingdom of God would come** - This can be translated with a direct quote: "When will the kingdom of God come?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **The kingdom of God does not come with observation** - This could be translated as "Although you look for the kingdom of God, you will not see it." They would not see that Jesus was already among them as the king because they were looking for a physical kingdom. * **The kingdom of God is among you** - It can be translated as "The kingdom of God is here" or "God has already begun to rule among you." diff --git a/luk/17/25.md b/luk/17/25.md index faa24ea3a..97bdfd74a 100644 --- a/luk/17/25.md +++ b/luk/17/25.md @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:ark]] +* [[en:tw:flood]] * [[en:tw:generation]] * [[en:tw:noah]] +* [[en:tw:reject]] * [[en:tw:suffer]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking) -* **But first he must suffer** - "But first the Son of Man must suffer." Jesus was speaking about himself in the 3rd person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* Jesus continues speaking. +* **But first he must suffer** - "But first the Son of Man must suffer." Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) * **As it happened in the days of Noah** - This can be translated as "As people were doing in the days of Noah" or "As people were doing when Noah lived." The "days of Noah" refers to the time just before God punished the people of world. * **even so will it also happen in the days of the Son of Man** - This can be translated as "people will be doing the same things in the days of the Son of Man" or "people will be doing the same things when the Son of Man is about to come." The "days of the Son of Man" refers to the period just before the Son of Man will come. * **They ate, they drank, they married, they were given in marriage** - People were doing ordinary things. They did not care that God was about to judge them. diff --git a/luk/17/28.md b/luk/17/28.md index e1e4a1e48..3d0e782ee 100644 --- a/luk/17/28.md +++ b/luk/17/28.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking.) +* Jesus continues speaking. * **Likewise even as it happened in the days of Lot** - This can be translated as "Another example is how it happened in the days of Lot" or “As people were doing when Lot lived.” The “days of Lot” refers to the time just before God punished the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. * **they ate** - "the people of Sodom ate" * **it rained fire and sulfur from heaven** - "fire and burning sulfur fell from the sky like rain" diff --git a/luk/17/30.md b/luk/17/30.md index 4b72b1764..a3b19c36c 100644 --- a/luk/17/30.md +++ b/luk/17/30.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:reveal]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking.) +* Jesus continues speaking. * **After the same manner it will be** - This means "It will be like that." How it will be like the time of Lot can be stated clearly as in the UDB: "People will be unprepared." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **on the day that the Son of Man is revealed** - "when the Son of Man appears" or "when the Son of man comes" * **do not let him that is on the housetop go down** - “Whoever is on the housetop must not go down” or “If anyone is on his housetop, he must not go down” * **on the housetop** - Their housetops were flat and people could sit on them. * **his goods** - "his possessions" or "his things" -* **return back** - The implied information that they were not to go back to the house to get anything and that they must flee quickly can be stated clearly as in the UDB. +* **return back** - The implied information that they were not to go back to the house to get anything and that they must flee quickly can be stated clearly as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/17/32.md b/luk/17/32.md index db7d29621..bda1f44b8 100644 --- a/luk/17/32.md +++ b/luk/17/32.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:life]] * [[en:tw:lot]] +* [[en:tw:save]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/17/34.md b/luk/17/34.md index e5281411c..cad8bb5ab 100644 --- a/luk/17/34.md +++ b/luk/17/34.md @@ -4,13 +4,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking) +* Jesus continues speaking. * **In that night** - This refers to what will happen if the Son of Man comes during the night. * **there will be two men in one bed** - This is a hypothetical situation about what two people might be doing at the time. It can be translated as "there may be two men on one couch." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) * **bed** - "couch" or "cot" -* **the one will be taken and the other left** - "one man will be taken and the other man will be left behind." This can be translated with an active verb as "God will take one man and leave the other," or "angels will take one and leave behind the other." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **there will be two women grinding together** - This is a hypothetical situation about what two women might be doing at the time. It can be translated "there may be two women grinding grain together." -* Some versions include "Two men will be in the field; one will be taken and the other left." This sentence is not included in the best manuscripts of Luke. +* **the one will be taken and the other left** - "one man will be taken and the other man will be left behind." AT: "God will take one man and leave the other," or "angels will take one and leave behind the other." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **there will be two women grinding together** - This is a hypothetical situation about what two women might be doing at the time. AT: "there may be two women grinding grain together." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) * **Where, Lord?** - "Lord, where will this happen?" (UDB) -* **Where there is a body, there will the vultures also be gathered together** - Apparently this is a proverb that means "It will be obvious" or "You will know it when it happens." It can also be translated as a simile: "As vultures gathering shows that there is a dead body, so these things show that the Son of Man is being revealed." (See: [[:en:obe:other:proverb]]) +* **Where there is a body, there will the vultures also be gathered together** - Apparently this is a proverb that means "It will be obvious" or "You will know it when it happens." It can also be translated as a simile: "As vultures gathering shows that there is a dead body, so these things show that the Son of Man is being revealed." (See: [[:en:obe:other:proverb]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **vultures** - Vultures are large birds that fly together and eat the flesh of dead animals that they find. You could describe birds this way or use the word for a local bird that does this. diff --git a/luk/18/01.md b/luk/18/01.md index 2fc1213b9..204b4eb0b 100644 --- a/luk/18/01.md +++ b/luk/18/01.md @@ -1,17 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:fear]] +* [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:judgeposition]] * [[en:tw:parable]] * [[en:tw:pray]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples. * **Then he** - "Then Jesus" * **saying** - This could also begin a new sentence: "He said" (UDB). * **not become discouraged** - This could also be translated as "not grow tired of praying" or "not lose faith." * **There was in a certain city a certain judge** - The words "certain" are used to as a way to say this this happened, but without identifying the judge or the city. * **fear** - "revere" (UDB) * **did not respect people** - "paid no regard to a person" -* **[[en:bible:questions:comprehension:luk:18|Luke Chapter 18 Checking Questions]]** - [[en:bible:questions:comprehension:luk:18]] +* **[[en:bible:questions:comprehension:luk:18|Luke Chapter 18 Checking Questions]]** - [[en:bible:questions:comprehension:luk:18]] diff --git a/luk/18/03.md b/luk/18/03.md index c182e2041..8f7861d8c 100644 --- a/luk/18/03.md +++ b/luk/18/03.md @@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **widow** - A widow is a woman whose husband has died. Jesus' hearers would have thought of her as without defense against evildoers. * **help me get justice against** - This could be translated as "punish" or "grant me retribution against." * **my opponent** - "my enemy" or "the person who is trying to harm me." This is an opponent in a lawsuit. It is not clear whether the woman is suing the man or the man is suing the woman. * **fear God** - "revere God" * **man** - This refers here to "people" in general. * **causes me trouble** - This can also be translated as "bothers me." -* **wear me out ** - wear me out - "exhaust me" +* **wear me out ** - "exhaust me" * **by her constant coming** - "by continually coming to me" diff --git a/luk/18/06.md b/luk/18/06.md index dfc490d98..570615800 100644 --- a/luk/18/06.md +++ b/luk/18/06.md @@ -1,19 +1,21 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:earth]] * [[en:tw:elect]] * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:judgeposition]] * [[en:tw:justice]] -* [[en:tw:righteous]] +* [[en:tw:patient]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] +* [[en:tw:unjust]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about prayer.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about prayer. * **Listen to what the unjust judge says** - "Think about what the unjust judge just said." Translate this in a way that people will understand that Jesus has already told what the judge said. * **Will not God also bring** - Jesus used this rhetorical question to indicate that what he was teaching was something that his audience should already be able to figure out. This could also be translated as "God will certainly bring" or "So you can be sure that God will also bring." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **his chosen ones** - "the people he has chosen" -* **Will he not be patient with them?** - Jesus used this rhetorical question to remind people of something they should already have known about God. This could also be translated as "And you know that he is patient with them." +* **Will he not be patient with them?** - Jesus used this rhetorical question to remind people of something they should already have known about God. This could also be translated as "And you know that he is patient with them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Son of Man** - Jesus is referring to himself. -* **will he find faith** - The purpose of the parable is to encourage the disciples to keep believing and pray. Jesus is here using another rhetorical question that expects a negative answer. The meaning of the question is "But I know that when I, the Son of Man, return, I will find people who do not believe in me." +* **will he find faith on the earth** - The purpose of the parable is to encourage the disciples to keep believing and pray. Jesus is here using another rhetorical question that expects a negative answer. The meaning of the question is "But I know that when I, the Son of Man, return, I will find people who do not believe in me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/18/09.md b/luk/18/09.md index 4ee4d9e3a..2252389c8 100644 --- a/luk/18/09.md +++ b/luk/18/09.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:parable]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] +* [[en:tw:pray]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:taxcollector]] * [[en:tw:temple]] diff --git a/luk/18/11.md b/luk/18/11.md index 849cda804..440f4e173 100644 --- a/luk/18/11.md +++ b/luk/18/11.md @@ -2,14 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:adultery]] * [[en:tw:fast]] -* [[en:tw:pharisee]] -* [[en:tw:righteous]] -* [[en:tw:taxcollector]] * [[en:tw:tenth]] +* [[en:tw:unrighteous]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **The Pharisee stood and prayed these things about himself** - The meaning of the Greek text of this phrase is not clear. Possible meanings are 1) "The Pharisee stood and prayed about himself in this way" or 2) "The Pharisee stood by himself and prayed." * **robbers** - A robber is someone who steals things by forcing people to give them to him, or by threatening to force them. * **fast** - "To fast" means not to eat a meal. The Pharisees did this twice a week. diff --git a/luk/18/13.md b/luk/18/13.md index 28d7ac836..61ddaa189 100644 --- a/luk/18/13.md +++ b/luk/18/13.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:exalt]] +* [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:humble]] * [[en:tw:justify]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] @@ -8,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to these people.) -* **lift up his eyes to heaven** - This is a metaphor that means "look toward heaven" or "look upward." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* Jesus continues to speak to these people. +* **lift up his eyes to heaven** - AT: "look toward heaven" or "look upward" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **hit his breast** - This is a physical expression of great sorrow, and shows this man's repentance and humility. * **God be merciful to me a sinner** - This could be translated as "God, please have mercy on me even though I am a terrible sinner," or "God please be merciful to me. I am a great sinner." -* **this man** - this man- "the tax collector" +* **this man** - "the tax collector" * **rather than the other** - "rather than the other man" or "instead of the other man" or "and not the other man." This can also be translated as "but the other man was not justified." * **because everyone who exalts himself...** - With this phrase, Jesus switches from the story to state the general principle that the story illustrates. * **exalted** - "greatly honored" diff --git a/luk/18/15.md b/luk/18/15.md index ee69f7c8a..33034e38b 100644 --- a/luk/18/15.md +++ b/luk/18/15.md @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amen]] +* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/18/18.md b/luk/18/18.md index e2f508694..e7b2aa650 100644 --- a/luk/18/18.md +++ b/luk/18/18.md @@ -2,14 +2,17 @@ * [[en:tw:adultery]] * [[en:tw:eternity]] +* [[en:tw:falsewitness]] * [[en:tw:good]] +* [[en:tw:honor]] +* [[en:tw:inherit]] * [[en:tw:obey]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] * [[en:tw:tencommandments]] ## translationNotes -* **good** - "worthy to be listened to and obeyed" * **what must I do** - "what do I need to do" or "what is required of me" * **inherit** - "become the rightful owner of." This usually refers to the property of someone who has died. Luke uses this metaphor to show that the ruler understood that eternal life could not be earned, and that not everyone will live eternally. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **No one is good, except God alone** - This could also be translated as two sentences: "No person is truly good. God alone is good." diff --git a/luk/18/22.md b/luk/18/22.md index cca31774f..d00f4305c 100644 --- a/luk/18/22.md +++ b/luk/18/22.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **One thing you still lack** - "You still need to do one more thing" or "There is one thing that you have not yet done" * **Sell all that you have** - "Sell all your possessions" or "Sell everything that you own" * **distribute** - "give" -* **distribute it to the poor** - distribute it to the poor- "give away the money to the poor people" +* **distribute it to the poor** - "give away the money to the poor people" diff --git a/luk/18/24.md b/luk/18/24.md index 007411379..bae733b60 100644 --- a/luk/18/24.md +++ b/luk/18/24.md @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:camel]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] ## translationNotes * **he too became very sad** - This phrase is absent from many Greek manuscripts and so often omitted from English translations. * **a camel to go through a needle’s eye** - It is impossible for a camel to fit through the eye of a needle. Therefore, it appears that Jesus may have been using hyperbole to say "it is extremely difficult for a rich man to be saved." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **camel** - This is a very large animal, larger than a cow or a horse. * **needle's eye** - The needle's eye is the hole in a sewing needle through which the thread is passed. diff --git a/luk/18/28.md b/luk/18/28.md index 91eb5d8a7..7782428d4 100644 --- a/luk/18/28.md +++ b/luk/18/28.md @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amen]] * [[en:tw:eternity]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:peter]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/18/31.md b/luk/18/31.md index 2fbf7dbb9..c770cba8d 100644 --- a/luk/18/31.md +++ b/luk/18/31.md @@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ * [[en:tw:mock]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] * [[en:tw:raise]] +* [[en:tw:shame]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] * [[en:tw:thetwelve]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/18/34.md b/luk/18/34.md index 07cdeb37b..f9ff437dc 100644 --- a/luk/18/34.md +++ b/luk/18/34.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:understand]] * [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes * **And they understood none of these things** - "And they did not understand any of these things" * **these things** - This refers to Jesus' description of how he would suffer and die in Jerusalem, and that he would rise from the dead. -* **this word was hidden from them** - This can be stated in active voice: "God prevented them from understanding the meaning of what he was telling them" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the things that were said** - This can also be translated in active form as "the things that Jesus said." +* **this word was hidden from them** - AT: "God prevented them from understanding the meaning of what he was telling them" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the things that were said** - AT: "the things that Jesus said." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/18/35.md b/luk/18/35.md index 5b5d9c0e4..23b27f072 100644 --- a/luk/18/35.md +++ b/luk/18/35.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:beg]] * [[en:tw:jericho]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:nazareth]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/18/38.md b/luk/18/38.md index da86c9284..d8576700b 100644 --- a/luk/18/38.md +++ b/luk/18/38.md @@ -3,11 +3,13 @@ * [[en:tw:david]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:mercy]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] +* [[en:tw:son]] ## translationNotes * **cried out** - "called out" or "shouted" -* **Son of David** - Jesus was a descendant of David, Israel's most important king. +* **son of David** - Jesus was a descendant of David, Israel's most important king. * **have mercy on me** - "show me pity" or "show me compassion" * **The ones** - "The people" * **to be quiet** - "to be silent" or "not to shout" diff --git a/luk/18/40.md b/luk/18/40.md index 81ee85c24..5acc54e53 100644 --- a/luk/18/40.md +++ b/luk/18/40.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:command]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] ## translationNotes -* (There are no notes for these verses.) +* There are no notes for these verses. diff --git a/luk/19/01.md b/luk/19/01.md index 2ed6eb08f..9386694a4 100644 --- a/luk/19/01.md +++ b/luk/19/01.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:chief]] * [[en:tw:jericho]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:taxcollector]] diff --git a/luk/19/08.md b/luk/19/08.md index 7cb69f2d5..fc7bd8390 100644 --- a/luk/19/08.md +++ b/luk/19/08.md @@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ * [[en:tw:abraham]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:restore]] -* [[en:tw:save]] +* [[en:tw:salvation]] +* [[en:tw:son]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/19/11.md b/luk/19/11.md index 516ebf5b8..700449fb1 100644 --- a/luk/19/11.md +++ b/luk/19/11.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] * [[en:tw:kingdomofgod]] +* [[en:tw:noble]] * [[en:tw:parable]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/19/13.md b/luk/19/13.md index 5709fa645..0cc07a830 100644 --- a/luk/19/13.md +++ b/luk/19/13.md @@ -2,14 +2,17 @@ * [[en:tw:ambassador]] * [[en:tw:citizen]] +* [[en:tw:command]] +* [[en:tw:profit]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **He called** - The word "He" refers to the nobleman. * **gave them ten minas** - This can be translated as "gave them each one mina." -* **ten minas** - This can be translated as "ten valuable coins" or "a large amount of money." Each mina was worth about what someone would be paid in four months. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) +* **ten minas** - This can be translated as "ten valuable coins" or "a large amount of money." Each mina was worth about what someone would be paid in four months. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalweight]]) * **conduct business** - This can be translated as "trade with this money" or "use this money in order to earn more." * **his citizens** - "the people of his country" * **a delegation of ambassadors** - "representatives" or "messengers" diff --git a/luk/19/16.md b/luk/19/16.md index 959ebdd1a..4c57afb02 100644 --- a/luk/19/16.md +++ b/luk/19/16.md @@ -2,12 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:faithful]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:servant]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **The first** - "The first servant" * **came before him** - The word "him" refers to the nobleman. * **mina** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:luk:19:13]]. diff --git a/luk/19/18.md b/luk/19/18.md index b068e818c..bdc52a568 100644 --- a/luk/19/18.md +++ b/luk/19/18.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **your mina, lord, has made five minas** - This can be translated as "Lord, with the money you gave me, I have have earned five times the amount." * **mina** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:luk:19:13]]. * **You take charge over five cities.** - This can be translated as "You will have authority over five cities." diff --git a/luk/19/20.md b/luk/19/20.md index bc3ecb75d..7ecc70a5e 100644 --- a/luk/19/20.md +++ b/luk/19/20.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:reap]] * [[en:tw:sow]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **mina** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:luk:19:13]]. * **a severe man** - "a stern man" or "a man who expects a lot from his servants" or "a hard man" (UDB) -* **you take up that which you did not lay down** - This can be translated as "you take out what you did not put in" or "you take what is not yours." It was a proverb describing a greedy person. (See: [[:en:obe:other:proverb]]) -* **reap** - "harvest" or "collect" or "gather" +* **you take up that which you did not lay down** - This can be translated as "you take out what you did not put in" or "you take what is not yours." It was a proverb describing a greedy person. (See: [[:en:obe:other:Proverb]]) * **reap that which you did not sow** - "reap what you did not plant." This is a metaphor. The servant was comparing his master to a farmer who takes food that someone else planted. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **reap** - "harvest" or "collect" or "gather" diff --git a/luk/19/22.md b/luk/19/22.md index 451db02b5..c41ed8e64 100644 --- a/luk/19/22.md +++ b/luk/19/22.md @@ -1,12 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:evil]] * [[en:tw:judge]] +* [[en:tw:noble]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) -* **a severe man** - "a harsh man" +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **that I am a severe man, taking up…** - The nobleman was repeating what the servant had said about him. He was not saying that it was true. +* **a severe man** - "a harsh man" * **Why did you not put my money** - This starts a rhetorical question. It is used as a rebuke. It can be translated as "You should have put my money." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **put my money in the bank** - This can be translated as "lent my money to a bank." Cultures that do not have banks might translate it as "let someone borrow my money." * **bank** - A bank is a business that safely holds money for people. Banks lend that money to others for a profit. Therefore it pays an extra amount, or interest, to the people who keep their money in the bank. diff --git a/luk/19/24.md b/luk/19/24.md index a22797ef8..019e9c30c 100644 --- a/luk/19/24.md +++ b/luk/19/24.md @@ -1,11 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:biblicalmoney]] * [[en:tw:lord]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **The nobleman** - The nobleman had become king. Translate this with a word that will make this clear to your readers. * **them that stood by** - "the people who were standing near them" * **mina** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:luk:19:13]]. diff --git a/luk/19/26.md b/luk/19/26.md index 5c705916c..672d0a139 100644 --- a/luk/19/26.md +++ b/luk/19/26.md @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:reign]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* This finishes Jesus' parable and is the end of the discussion at Zacchaeus' house. * **I say to you** - This was the king speaking. Some translators may want to start this verse with "And the king replied, 'I say to you'" or "But the king said 'I tell you this'" (UDB). * **everyone who has** - This can be translated as "everyone who uses well what they have been given" or "everyone who uses well what I have given him." * **will be given more** - This can be translated with an active verb: "I will give him more." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **from him that has not** - This can be translated as "from the person who does not use well what he has been given." * **these enemies of mine** - Since the enemies were not right there, some languages would say "those enemies of mine." -* (This is the end of the parable and the end of the discussion at Zacchaeus' house.) diff --git a/luk/19/29.md b/luk/19/29.md index 1fe2b2b66..4257b1595 100644 --- a/luk/19/29.md +++ b/luk/19/29.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bethany]] +* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:mountofolives]] @@ -8,5 +9,5 @@ * **It came about that** - This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **when he drew near** - The word "he" refers to Jesus. His disciples were traveling with him. -* **Bethphage** - Bethphage was a village on the Mount of Olives, which is across the Kidron Valley from Jerusalem. +* **Bethphage** - Bethphage was a village on the Mount of Olives, which is across the Kidron Valley from Jerusalem. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the mount that is called Olivet** - "the hill that is called the Mount of Olives" or "the hill that is called "Olive Tree Mountain." diff --git a/luk/19/37.md b/luk/19/37.md index 49569bfc3..11e68f216 100644 --- a/luk/19/37.md +++ b/luk/19/37.md @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:bless]] -* [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:glory]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:king]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:mountofolives]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:peace]] * [[en:tw:praise]] * [[en:tw:rejoice]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] +* [[en:tw:works]] ## translationNotes @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ * **mighty works which they had seen** - This can be translated as "great things they had seen Jesus do." * **Blessed is the king** - They were saying this about Jesus. * **the Lord** - This refers to God. -* **glory in the highest** - glory in the highest- This can be translated as "Let glory be given to the One in the highest" or "Let praise be given to the Highest One." It can be translated with an active verb and a noun saying who will give praise to God, as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **glory in the highest** - This can be translated as "Let glory be given to the One in the highest" or "Let praise be given to the Highest One." It can be translated with an active verb and a noun saying who will give praise to God, as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/19/39.md b/luk/19/39.md index 8d39d6ac9..cff652375 100644 --- a/luk/19/39.md +++ b/luk/19/39.md @@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:pharisee]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] ## translationNotes -* **rebuke your disciples** - This can be translated as "tell your disciples to stop doing these things." +* **rebuke your disciples** - AT: "tell your disciples to stop doing these things" * **I tell you** - Jesus said this to emphasize what he would say next. -* **If these were silent** - This is a hypothetical situation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) Some translators may need to make it clear what Jesus was implying when he said this: "No, I will not rebuke them, for if these people were to be silent…" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **If these were silent** - This is a hypothetical situation. Some translators may need to make it clear what Jesus was implying when he said this: "No, I will not rebuke them, for if these people were to be silent…" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the stones would cry out** - "the stones would call out praises" diff --git a/luk/19/41.md b/luk/19/41.md index 083b10e53..949c5029b 100644 --- a/luk/19/41.md +++ b/luk/19/41.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ * **drew near** - "approached" or "went near" * **the city** - This refers to Jerusalem. * **he wept over it** - The word "it" refers to the city of Jerusalem, but it represents the people who lived in that city. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **If only you had known** - This can be translated as "I wish so much that you knew or "I am very sad because you do not know." This is an exclamation. Jesus was expressing his sadness that the people of Jerusalem did not know these things. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]]) The implied information can be added to the end of the sentence: "then you could have had peace." +* **If only you had known** - This can be translated as "I wish so much that you knew or "I am very sad because you do not know." This is an exclamation. Jesus was expressing his sadness that the people of Jerusalem did not know these things. The implied information can be added to the end of the sentence: "then you could have had peace." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **you** - The word "you" is singular because Jesus was speaking to the city. But if this would be unnatural in your language, you could use a plural form of "you" to refer to the people of the city. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **they are hidden from your eyes** - This can be translated as "you can no longer see them" or "you are unable to know it" (UDB). diff --git a/luk/19/43.md b/luk/19/43.md index 25351f965..53bca229a 100644 --- a/luk/19/43.md +++ b/luk/19/43.md @@ -1,9 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:God]] +* [[en:tw:adversary]] +* [[en:tw:save]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking outside the city of Jerusalem) +* Jesus continues speaking outside the city of Jerusalem. * **For** - What follows is the reason for Jesus' sadness. * **the days will come upon you** - This indicates that they would experience hard times. Some languages do not talk about time coming. So this can be translated as "In the future these things will happen to you" or "Soon you will endure troublesome times." * **you** - The word “you” is singular because Jesus was speaking to the city. But if this would be unnatural in your language, you could use a plural form of “you” to refer to the people of the city. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/luk/19/45.md b/luk/19/45.md index af215604a..21d21c36b 100644 --- a/luk/19/45.md +++ b/luk/19/45.md @@ -1,6 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:castout]] +* [[en:tw:houseofgod]] +* [[en:tw:pray]] * [[en:tw:temple]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/19/47.md b/luk/19/47.md index 8d4f6409e..e167564e3 100644 --- a/luk/19/47.md +++ b/luk/19/47.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] +* [[en:tw:jewishleaders]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] * [[en:tw:temple]] diff --git a/luk/20/01.md b/luk/20/01.md index 2ac818707..35af29ac8 100644 --- a/luk/20/01.md +++ b/luk/20/01.md @@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] * [[en:tw:elder]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] +* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:preach]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:teach]] * [[en:tw:temple]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/20/03.md b/luk/20/03.md index d9d3646c4..163b5e66b 100644 --- a/luk/20/03.md +++ b/luk/20/03.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:baptize]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] diff --git a/luk/20/05.md b/luk/20/05.md index c0c6673d2..5fad542a1 100644 --- a/luk/20/05.md +++ b/luk/20/05.md @@ -1,8 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:believe]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:johnthebaptist]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:stone]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/20/09.md b/luk/20/09.md index ca93136f9..f01e4bf4c 100644 --- a/luk/20/09.md +++ b/luk/20/09.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:appoint]] * [[en:tw:parable]] * [[en:tw:servant]] * [[en:tw:vineyard]] @@ -9,4 +10,4 @@ * **rented it out to vine growers** - "allowed some vine growers to use it in exchange for money" or "allowed some vine growers to use it and pay him later" * **vine growers** - These are people who tend grape vines and grow grapes. It can be translated as "grape farmers." * **of the fruit of the vineyard** - "some of the grapes" or "some of what they produced in the vineyard." It could also refer to things made from grapes or the money they earned by selling the grapes. -* **sent him away empty-handed** - This can be translated as "sent him away without paying him" or "sent him away without the grapes." +* **sent him away empty-handed** - handed** - This can be translated as "sent him away without paying him" or "sent him away without the grapes." diff --git a/luk/20/11.md b/luk/20/11.md index 690126919..3b6758354 100644 --- a/luk/20/11.md +++ b/luk/20/11.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:shame]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable.) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **treated him shamefully** - "humiliated him" * **wounded him** - "injured him" * **yet a third** - "even a third servant." The word "yet" hints at the fact that the landowner should not have had to send the second servant, but he went beyond that and sent a third servant. diff --git a/luk/20/13.md b/luk/20/13.md index 66eb74de8..d5f24ad00 100644 --- a/luk/20/13.md +++ b/luk/20/13.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:beloved]] * [[en:tw:heir]] * [[en:tw:inherit]] * [[en:tw:lord]] @@ -7,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **when the vine growers saw him** - "when the farmers saw the owner's son" diff --git a/luk/20/15.md b/luk/20/15.md index 0f1f5bda0..0b8eb6b12 100644 --- a/luk/20/15.md +++ b/luk/20/15.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues telling his parable) +* Jesus continues telling his parable. * **They threw him out of the vineyard** - "The vine growers forced the son out of the vineyard" * **What then will the lord of the vineyard do to them?** - Jesus used this rhetorical question to get his listeners to pay attention to what the owner of the vineyard would do. It can be translated as a command: "So now, listen to what the lord of the vineyard will do to them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **God forbid!** - "May God stop it from happening!" or "May it never happen!" The people understood this parable to mean that God would remove them from Jerusalem because they would reject the Messiah. They strongly expressed their desire that this terrible thing would not happen. +* **God forbid!** - "May God stop it from happening!" or "May it never happen!" The people understood this parable to mean that God would remove them from Jerusalem because they would reject the Messiah. They strongly expressed their desire that this terrible thing would not happen. (see: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) diff --git a/luk/20/17.md b/luk/20/17.md index 3a3a6fdf5..a11ccc87d 100644 --- a/luk/20/17.md +++ b/luk/20/17.md @@ -1,15 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:cornerstone]] +* [[en:tw:reject]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to speak to the crowd.) +* Jesus continues to speak to the crowd. * **But he looked at them** - "But Jesus stared at them" or "But he looked straight at them." He did this to hold them accountable to understand what he was saying. * **What does this scripture mean** - This rhetorical question can also be translated as "Then what was this scripture talking about?" or "You should be able to understand this scripture." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **The stone which the builders rejected has been made the cornerstone** - This metaphor is a prophecy from Psalm [[:en:bible:notes:psa:118:022]] about how people would reject the Messiah. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **The stone which the builders rejected** - "The stone which the builders said was not good enough for building with." In those days people built the walls of houses and other buildings out of stones. * **the cornerstone** - This was an important stone for making a building stable. It can be translated as "the chief stone" or "the most important stone." -* **Everyone that falls on that stone** - "Anyone who falls down onto that stone." This metaphor is a prophecy about what will happen to everyone who rejects the Messiah. +* **Everyone that falls on that stone** - "Anyone who falls down onto that stone." This metaphor is a prophecy about what will happen to everyone who rejects the Messiah. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **will be broken to pieces** - "will break up into pieces." This is a result of falling onto the stone. -* **But on whomever it falls** - "But whomever that stone falls on." This metaphor is a prophecy about the Messiah judging those who reject him. +* **But on whomever it falls** - "But whomever that stone falls on." This metaphor is a prophecy about the Messiah judging those who reject him. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/luk/20/19.md b/luk/20/19.md index 794829c2b..2dee419ce 100644 --- a/luk/20/19.md +++ b/luk/20/19.md @@ -4,15 +4,17 @@ * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:governor]] +* [[en:tw:hour]] * [[en:tw:parable]] +* [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] ## translationNotes -* **sought to lay hands on him** - "looked for a way to arrest Jesus." To "lay hands on" someone is a metaphor that here means "arrest." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **sought to lay hands on him** - AT: "looked for a way to arrest Jesus." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **in that very hour** - "immediately" * **they were afraid of the people** - This is the reason that they did not arrest Jesus right away. The people respected Jesus, and the religious leaders were afraid of what the people might do if they arrested him. Some translations may need to make this explicit: "But they did not arrest him because they were afraid of the people." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **they sent out spies** - "the scribes and chief priests sent spies to watch Jesus" * **that they might find fault with his speech** - "they wanted to accuse Jesus of saying something bad" * **so as to deliver him up to** - "in order to bring him to" or "so that they might hand him over to" -* **to the rule and to the authority of the governor** - "Rule" and "authority" are two ways of saying the same thing. It can be translated with one or both expressions. The reason for handing Jesus over to the governor can be made explicit: "so that the governor would punish Jesus." +* **to the rule and to the authority of the governor** - "Rule" and "authority" are two ways of saying the same thing. It can be translated with one or both expressions. The reason for handing Jesus over to the governor can be made explicit: "so that the governor would punish Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/luk/20/21.md b/luk/20/21.md index 8d80e8a20..539d1e157 100644 --- a/luk/20/21.md +++ b/luk/20/21.md @@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ * [[en:tw:caesar]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:lawful]] +* [[en:tw:tax]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] * [[en:tw:true]] ## translationNotes * **but you teach the truth about the way of God** - This is part of what the spy was saying that they knew about Jesus. -* **are not influenced by anyone** - Possible meanings are 1) "you tell the truth even if important people do not like it" (UDB) or 2) "you do not favor one person over another." +* **are not influenced by anyone** - Possible meanings are 1) "you tell the truth even if important people do not like it" (UDB) or 2) "you do not favor one person over another." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar** - They hoped that Jesus would say either "yes" or "no." If he said "yes," then the Jewish people would be angry with him for telling them to pay taxes to a foreign government. If he said "no," then the religious leaders could tell the Romans that Jesus was teaching the people to break the Roman laws. * **Is it lawful** - They were asking about God's law, not about Caesar's law. This can also be translated "Does our law permit us." * **Caesar** - Because Caesar was the ruler of the Roman government, they could refer to the Roman government by Caesar's name. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/20/25.md b/luk/20/25.md index 232ee9b06..aa13c775f 100644 --- a/luk/20/25.md +++ b/luk/20/25.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:caesar]] * [[en:tw:god]] diff --git a/luk/20/29.md b/luk/20/29.md index 9f98cf88a..d81b18863 100644 --- a/luk/20/29.md +++ b/luk/20/29.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (The Sadducees continue speaking and tell Jesus a story.) +* The Sadducees continue speaking and tell Jesus a story. * **There were seven brothers** - This may have happened, but it is probably a story that they made up to test Jesus. * **died childless** - "died without having any children" or "died, but did not have any children" * **the second as well** - This can be translated as "the second married her and the same thing happened" or "the second brother married her and died without having any children." diff --git a/luk/20/34.md b/luk/20/34.md index e5db4fc02..78c805f7b 100644 --- a/luk/20/34.md +++ b/luk/20/34.md @@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ * [[en:tw:eternity]] * [[en:tw:judge]] * [[en:tw:resurrection]] +* [[en:tw:son]] +* [[en:tw:sonsofgod]] +* [[en:tw:world]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes @@ -14,6 +18,6 @@ * **to receive the resurrection** - "to be raised from the dead" or "to rise from the dead" * **neither marry, nor are given in marriage** - "will not get married." This is after the resurrection. * **Neither can they die anymore** - This can be translated as "They will not be able to die anymore." This is after the resurrection. +* **and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection** - This can be translated as "will be shown to be sons of God, when they have been raised from the dead." * **sons of God** - "children of God" * **sons of the resurrection** - "people who have been raised from the dead" -* **and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection** - This can be translated as "will be shown to be sons of God, when they have been raised from the dead." diff --git a/luk/20/37.md b/luk/20/37.md index 13b01f311..77c31777c 100644 --- a/luk/20/37.md +++ b/luk/20/37.md @@ -2,20 +2,19 @@ * [[en:tw:abraham]] * [[en:tw:death]] -* [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:isaac]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] -* [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:lordgod]] * [[en:tw:moses]] * [[en:tw:raise]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking) +* Jesus continues speaking. * **But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed** - "But even Moses showed that dead people are raised from death." The word "even" is here because the Sadducees might not have been surprised that some scriptures say that the dead are raised, but they did not expect Moses to have written something like that. * **in the place concerning the bush** - "In the part of scripture where he wrote about the burning bush" or "in the scripture about the burning bush" * **when he calls the Lord** - "when Moses called the Lord" -* **the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob** - "The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob." They all worshipped the same God. +* **the God of Abraham and the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob** - "The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob." They all worshiped the same God. * **Now he is not the God of the dead** - "The Lord is not the God of dead people" or "The Lord is not the God of people who have died and whose spirits are also dead" * **but of the living** - "but the God of living people" or "the God of people whose spirits are alive." If this is unclear, you may need to add the implied information: "even though their bodies may have died." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **because all live to him** - "because in God's sight they all are still alive." This can also be translated as "because God knows that their spirits are alive." diff --git a/luk/20/41.md b/luk/20/41.md index 1fd47f3a3..284a64c18 100644 --- a/luk/20/41.md +++ b/luk/20/41.md @@ -1,17 +1,20 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:christ]] * [[en:tw:david]] +* [[en:tw:footstool]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:psalm]] +* [[en:tw:righthand]] * [[en:tw:son]] ## translationNotes * **How do they say** - This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "Why do they say" or "Let's think about them saying" or "I will talk about them saying." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **David's son** - "King David's descendant." The word "son" is used here to refer to a descendant. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) In this case it refers to the one who would reign over God's kingdom. +* **David's son** - "King David's descendant." The word "son" is used here to refer to a descendant. In this case it refers to the one who would reign over God's kingdom. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **The Lord said to my Lord** - This can be translated as "The Lord God said to my Lord" or "God said to my Lord." This is a quotation from Psalm [[:en:bible:notes:psa:110:001]] which says "Yahweh said to my Lord." But the Jews stopped saying "Yahweh" and often said "Lord" instead. * **my Lord** - David was referring to the Christ as "my Lord." * **my right hand** - The right side is the place of honor. God was honoring the Messiah by saying "Sit at my right hand." * **until I make your enemies your footstool** - This is a metaphor. It can be translated as "until I make your enemies like a footstool for you" or "until I conquer your enemies for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **footstool** - A footstool is something people rest their feet on. -* **so how is he David's son?** - "so how can the Christ be David's son?" This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "This shows that the Christ is not merely David's descendant." +* **so how is he David's son?** - "so how can the Christ be David's son?" This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as "This shows that the Christ is not merely David's descendant." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/20/45.md b/luk/20/45.md index 3552989b2..2cfcfdff5 100644 --- a/luk/20/45.md +++ b/luk/20/45.md @@ -1,9 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:chief]] * [[en:tw:condemn]] +* [[en:tw:devour]] * [[en:tw:disciple]] * [[en:tw:feast]] * [[en:tw:pray]] +* [[en:tw:robe]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] * [[en:tw:synagogue]] diff --git a/luk/21/01.md b/luk/21/01.md index 2565e53e4..56e3b141c 100644 --- a/luk/21/01.md +++ b/luk/21/01.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:Jesus]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/21/05.md b/luk/21/05.md index 56ac61768..ba81e9793 100644 --- a/luk/21/05.md +++ b/luk/21/05.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **offerings** - "things people had given to God" * **the days will come** - "there will be a time" or "someday" * **not one stone will be left on another** - This can be translated positively: "Every stone will be removed from its place." This can be translated with an active clause: "Enemies will not leave any stone on top of another" (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). -* **which will not be torn down** - This can be translated positively as "They will all be torn down." It can be translated with an active clause: "Enemies will tear down every stone." +* **which will not be torn down** - This can be translated positively as "They will all be torn down." It can be translated with an active clause: "Enemies will tear down every stone." (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/21/07.md b/luk/21/07.md index 2a1b57388..48dc30eb8 100644 --- a/luk/21/07.md +++ b/luk/21/07.md @@ -1,14 +1,16 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:deceive]] * [[en:tw:name]] * [[en:tw:sign]] * [[en:tw:teacher]] +* [[en:tw:terror]] ## translationNotes * **they asked him** - "the disciples asked Jesus" or "Jesus' disciples asked him" * **these things** - the things Jesus had just spoken about. Jesus had just spoken about the temple being destroyed. * **that you are not deceived** - "that you do not believe lies." Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **in my name** - This can be translated as "claiming to be me" or "claiming to have my authority." +* **in my name** - AT: "claiming to be me" or "claiming to have my authority" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the end will not happen immediately** - "the end of the world will not happen immediately after the wars and riots". The noun "the end" can also be translated as a verb: "the world will not end immediately after those things happen." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_partsofspeech]]) * **the end** - "the end of the world" or "the end of everything" -* **the end will not happen immediately** - "the end of the world will not happen immediately after the wars and riots". The noun "the end" can also be translated as a verb: "the world will not end immediately after those things happen." diff --git a/luk/21/10.md b/luk/21/10.md index b16386f2b..f90e1ce22 100644 --- a/luk/21/10.md +++ b/luk/21/10.md @@ -1,7 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:famine]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] +* [[en:tw:nation]] +* [[en:tw:plague]] * [[en:tw:sign]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/21/12.md b/luk/21/12.md index 82c3b7a9f..038cfd46b 100644 --- a/luk/21/12.md +++ b/luk/21/12.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **these things** - This refers to the terrible things that Jesus had said would happen in verses [[:en:bible:notes:luk:21:07]]. * **they will lay their hands on you** - "they will arrest you" or "they will grab you." Some languages will need to say who will do these things: "people will lay their hands on you" or "enemies will lay their hands on you." * **you** - Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word "you" is plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/luk/21/14.md b/luk/21/14.md index 43df731ec..77e6d7f9f 100644 --- a/luk/21/14.md +++ b/luk/21/14.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **resolve in your heart** - "make up your mind" or "decide firmly" * **not to prepare your defense** - "not to figure out what you will say in order to defend yourself against their accusations" * **words and wisdom** - "words of wisdom" or "wise words." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) diff --git a/luk/21/16.md b/luk/21/16.md index 79a816f98..dc23c961e 100644 --- a/luk/21/16.md +++ b/luk/21/16.md @@ -3,14 +3,15 @@ * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:endure]] * [[en:tw:name]] +* [[en:tw:perish]] * [[en:tw:soul]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **you will be delivered up** - "You will be handed over to the authorities" or "You will be betrayed" * **they will put some of you to death** - "they will kill some of you." Possible meanings are 1) "the authorities will kill some of you" or 2) "Those who deliver you up will kill some of you." The first meaning is more likely. * **because of my name** - "because of me" or "because you follow me" -* **But not a hair of your head will perish** - This can be translated positively as "Even every hair on your head will be safe." This is a figure of speech that means "You will not be harmed at all." It refers to one of the smallest parts of a person to emphasize that the whole person will not perish. Jesus had already said that some of them would be put to death. So some understand this to mean that they would not be harmed spiritually, as in "But these things cannot really harm you." +* **But not a hair of your head will perish** - This can be translated positively as "Even every hair on your head will be safe." This is a figure of speech that means "You will not be harmed at all." It refers to one of the smallest parts of a person to emphasize that the whole person will not perish. Jesus had already said that some of them would be put to death. So some understand this to mean that they would not be harmed spiritually, as in "But these things cannot really harm you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **By your endurance** - "By holding firm." It can be translated as "If you do not quit." * **you will gain your souls** - "you will receive life" or "you will live forever" diff --git a/luk/21/20.md b/luk/21/20.md index da08d2670..e7243a3b5 100644 --- a/luk/21/20.md +++ b/luk/21/20.md @@ -1,13 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:avenge]] * [[en:tw:fulfill]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:judea]] -* [[en:tw:justice]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **Jerusalem surrounded by armies** - This can be expressed with an active verb: "armies surrounding Jerusalem." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **that its destruction is near** - "that it will soon be destroyed" or "that they will soon destroy it" * **flee** - "run away from danger" diff --git a/luk/21/23.md b/luk/21/23.md index 3bcc3d80b..09f9da0c1 100644 --- a/luk/21/23.md +++ b/luk/21/23.md @@ -1,14 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:captive]] * [[en:tw:fulfill]] * [[en:tw:gentile]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:nation]] +* [[en:tw:sword]] * [[en:tw:woe]] * [[en:tw:wrath]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **there will be great distress upon the land** - Possible meanings are 1) the people of the land will be distressed and 2) there will be physical disasters in the land. * **wrath to this people** - "there will be wrath to this people." This can be translated as "this people will experience God's anger" or "God will be very angry with this people." The implied information about punishment can be made clear: "this people will be punished" or "God will punish this people." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **they will fall by the edge of the sword** - "they will be killed by the edge of the sword." This refers to being killed by enemy soldiers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/21/25.md b/luk/21/25.md index 3021ca3d6..063f29e38 100644 --- a/luk/21/25.md +++ b/luk/21/25.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **there will be distress of the nations** - This can be translated as "the people of the nations will be distressed" or "the people of the nations will be very anxious." * **in despair from the roar of the sea and waves** - "because they will be confused by the roar of the sea and its waves" or "and they will be frightened by the very loud noise of the sea and its rough movement." This seems to refer to unusual storms or disasters involving the seas. * **the things which are coming upon the world** - "the things that will happen in the world" or "the things that will happen to the world" diff --git a/luk/21/27.md b/luk/21/27.md index 0704c6eb4..0d3311ebf 100644 --- a/luk/21/27.md +++ b/luk/21/27.md @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his disciples about the future. * **Son of Man** - Jesus is referring to himself. * **coming in a cloud** - This can be translated as "coming down in a cloud." * **with power and great glory** - This can be translated as "powerfully and gloriously" or "and he will be powerful and very glorious." "Power" here probably refers to his authority to judge the world. "Glory" here may refer to a bright light. God sometimes shows his greatness with a very bright light. * **stand up** - This can be translated as "stand up with confidence." Sometimes when people are afraid, they crouch down in order to avoid being seen or hurt. When they are no longer afraid, they get up. -* **lift up your heads** - This is an idiom meaning "look up." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]). By looking up, they would be able to see their rescuer coming to them. +* **lift up your heads** - This is an idiom meaning "look up." By looking up, they would be able to see their rescuer coming to them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **because your deliverance draws near** - This can be translated as "because your deliverer is coming to you" or "because you will soon be delivered." diff --git a/luk/21/32.md b/luk/21/32.md index e79f34f9e..16c378aca 100644 --- a/luk/21/32.md +++ b/luk/21/32.md @@ -1,5 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amen]] +* [[en:tw:earth]] * [[en:tw:generation]] * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:word]] diff --git a/luk/21/34.md b/luk/21/34.md index 9d72f223f..5a327ff17 100644 --- a/luk/21/34.md +++ b/luk/21/34.md @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:burden]] +* [[en:tw:drunk]] * [[en:tw:heart]] +* [[en:tw:snare]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/01.md b/luk/22/01.md index 6dab9088b..477b6e888 100644 --- a/luk/22/01.md +++ b/luk/22/01.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:bread]] * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] * [[en:tw:death]] -* [[en:tw:feast]] +* [[en:tw:fear]] +* [[en:tw:festival]] +* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:passover]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:unleavenedbread]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/07.md b/luk/22/07.md index c8bca2d3b..4f8094b90 100644 --- a/luk/22/07.md +++ b/luk/22/07.md @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ * [[en:tw:passover]] * [[en:tw:peter]] * [[en:tw:sacrifice]] +* [[en:tw:unleavenedbread]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/12.md b/luk/22/12.md index 4fc2b2674..9cedba730 100644 --- a/luk/22/12.md +++ b/luk/22/12.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues giving instructions to Peter and John.) +* Jesus continues giving instructions to Peter and John. * **He will show you** - "The owner of the house will show you" * **upper room** - "room upstairs." If your community does not have houses with rooms above other rooms, you may need to consider how to describe buildings in the city. * **So they went** - "So Peter and John went" diff --git a/luk/22/14.md b/luk/22/14.md index e2ac98df3..21b22129c 100644 --- a/luk/22/14.md +++ b/luk/22/14.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **I have greatly desired** - "I have wanted very much" (UDB) * **For I say to you** - This phrase is used to emphasize the importance of what Jesus will say next. -* **until it is fulfilled** - Possible meanings are 1) "until the purpose of the Passover Festival is accomplished" or 2) "until we eat celebrate the final Passover Festival." This can be translated with an active verb: "until God fulfills it" or "until God completes the purpose of the Passover Festival." +* **until it is fulfilled** - Possible meanings are 1) "until the purpose of the Passover Festival is accomplished" or 2) "until we eat celebrate the final Passover Festival." This can be translated with an active verb: "until God fulfills it" or "until God completes the purpose of the Passover Festival." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/22/19.md b/luk/22/19.md index 9011258c6..5362986bf 100644 --- a/luk/22/19.md +++ b/luk/22/19.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:blood]] +* [[en:tw:body]] * [[en:tw:bread]] * [[en:tw:newcovenant]] @@ -14,4 +15,4 @@ * **in remembrance of me** - "in order to remember me" * **This cup** - The word "cup" refers to the wine in the cup. It can be translated as "The wine in this cup" or "This wine." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **is the new covenant in my blood** - "is the new covenant, which will be put in effect by my blood" or "is the new covenant, which will be made legal by my blood" or "represents the new covenant, which God will establish when my blood is shed" -* **my blood, which is poured out for you** - "my blood, which is poured out in death for you" or "my blood, which will flow out of my wounds for you when I die." Jesus spoke of his death by referring to his body being broken and his blood being shed. This is metonymy. +* **my blood, which is poured out for you** - "my blood, which is poured out in death for you" or "my blood, which will flow out of my wounds for you when I die." Jesus spoke of his death by referring to his body being broken and his blood being shed. This is metonymy. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/22/21.md b/luk/22/21.md index 056a851d4..919fc9641 100644 --- a/luk/22/21.md +++ b/luk/22/21.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to his apostles.) +* Jesus continues speaking to his apostles. * **The one who betrays me** - "The one who will betray me" * **For the Son of Man indeed goes** - "For, indeed, the Son of Man will go" or "For the Son of Man will die" * **But woe to that man through whom he is betrayed!** - "But woe to the man who betrays the Son of Man!" or "But how terrible it will be for that man who betrays the Son of Man!" diff --git a/luk/22/24.md b/luk/22/24.md index 24a70a7d4..91519c763 100644 --- a/luk/22/24.md +++ b/luk/22/24.md @@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:gentile]] +* [[en:tw:honor]] * [[en:tw:king]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/26.md b/luk/22/26.md index 68769b13e..a686f7709 100644 --- a/luk/22/26.md +++ b/luk/22/26.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **it must not be like this with you** - "you should not act like that" * **the youngest** - "the least important." As leaders were most often older people and called "elders," "the youngest" would be the least likely to lead. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **For** - This connects Jesus' commands in verse 26 with the whole of verse 27. The idea is "Let the most important serve because I am servant." Jesus, the most important among them, serves them, so the one who is most important among them must serve. @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * **which is greater** - "which one is greater" or "who is more important." Jesus asked this rhetorical question to introduce his answer to the apostles' question about greatness in verse 24. This rhetorical question can be translated as "I want you to think about who is greater." ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the one who sits at the table** - This can also be translated as "the one who is dining" * **the one who serves** - "the one who serves the food" or "the one who serves the one who sits." This refers to a servant. -* **Is it not the one who sits at the table?** - This is also a rhetorical question. The implied answer is "Of course the one who sits at the table is more important than the servant!" +* **Is it not the one who sits at the table?** - This is also a rhetorical question. The implied answer is "Of course the one who sits at the table is more important than the servant!" ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Yet I am among you as one who serves** - The word "yet" is here because there is a contrast between what people would expect Jesus to be like and what he really was like. This can also be translated as "Yet I am serving you." diff --git a/luk/22/28.md b/luk/22/28.md index 6dcd6d020..d61a2a443 100644 --- a/luk/22/28.md +++ b/luk/22/28.md @@ -1,14 +1,15 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:12tribesofisrael]] +* [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:judge]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] -* [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:tempt]] +* [[en:tw:throne]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues to teach his disciples.) +* Jesus continues to teach his disciples. * **have continued with me in my temptations** - "have stayed with me through my struggles" * **I give to you a kingdom even as my Father has given a kingdom to me** - Some languages may need to change the order. "Just as my father has given a kingdom to me, I give it to you." * **I give to you a kingdom** - "I make you rulers in God's kingdom" (UDB) or "I give you authority to rule in the kingdom" or "I will make you kings" diff --git a/luk/22/31.md b/luk/22/31.md index e6f66e765..d1c1d25f2 100644 --- a/luk/22/31.md +++ b/luk/22/31.md @@ -4,14 +4,18 @@ * [[en:tw:brother]] * [[en:tw:faith]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:pray]] +* [[en:tw:turn]] +* [[en:tw:wheat]] * [[en:tw:winnow]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus speaks directly to Simon.) +* Jesus speaks directly to Simon. * **Simon, Simon** - Jesus said his name twice to show that what he was about to say to him was very important. * **to have you that he might sift you** - The word "you" refers to all of the apostles. Languages that have different forms of "you" should use the plural form. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **sift you as wheat** - This is a metaphor that means "test you to find something wrong." The meaning can be made clear as in the UDB: "test you." And it can be translated as a simile: "like someone shakes grain in a sieve" as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **But I have prayed for you** - The word "you" here refers specifically to Simon. Languages that have different forms of you should use the singular form. +* **But I have prayed for you** - The word "you" here refers specifically to Simon. Languages that have different forms of you should use the singular form. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **that your faith will not fail** - This can be expressed positively as "that you will continue to have faith" or "that you will continue to trust me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **After you have turned back again** - "After you start following me again" or "After you start serving me again" * **your brothers** - This refers to the other disciples. This can be translated as "your fellow believers" or "your brothers in the faith" or "the other disciples." diff --git a/luk/22/33.md b/luk/22/33.md index 9a655efee..b9389c997 100644 --- a/luk/22/33.md +++ b/luk/22/33.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (Simon Peter reacts to Jesus' statement that Satan will test Peter.) +* Simon Peter reacts to Jesus' statement that Satan will test Peter. * **the rooster will not crow** - Here, the crowing of the rooster is used as a metonym for that time of day." Roosters often crow before the sun appears in the morning. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **the rooster will not crow…before you deny…** - This can be stated positively: "the rooster will crow…only after you deny." The order of the parts of the verse can also be reversed: "You will deny three times that you know me before the rooster crows this day" * **this day** - The Jewish day begins at sunset. Jesus was speaking after the sun had set. The rooster would crow just before morning. The morning was part of "this day." It can also be translated as "tonight" or "in the morning." diff --git a/luk/22/35.md b/luk/22/35.md index 8b635c3db..517669937 100644 --- a/luk/22/35.md +++ b/luk/22/35.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:sword]] ## translationNotes @@ -9,5 +10,5 @@ * **a bag of provisions** - This can be translated as "travelers' bag" or "food," which would have been in the bag if they had taken one. * **did you lack anything?** - "did you need anything that you did not have?" This is a rhetorical question to help the apostles remember how well the people they went to provided for them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Nothing** - "We did not lack anything" -* **cloak** - "coat" or "outer garment" * **The one who does not have a sword should sell his cloak** - Jesus was not referring to a specific person who did not have a sword. It can also be translated as "If anyone does not have a sword, he should sell his cloak." +* **cloak** - "coat" or "outer garment" diff --git a/luk/22/37.md b/luk/22/37.md index 9770cd70b..a7f287a06 100644 --- a/luk/22/37.md +++ b/luk/22/37.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:fulfill]] * [[en:tw:lawless]] * [[en:tw:lord]] +* [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/41.md b/luk/22/41.md index c3fbfcd43..89bb882a7 100644 --- a/luk/22/41.md +++ b/luk/22/41.md @@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:pray]] +* [[en:tw:willofgod]] ## translationNotes -* **about a stone's throw** - This is an idiom that means "about the distance that someone can throw a stone." It can also be translated as "a short distance" or with an estimated measurement like "about 30 meters" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **remove this cup from me** - This is a metaphor. Jesus is referring to the suffering that he is about to endure as if it were in a cup and that he was going to drink it. This can also be translated as "take away from me this cup of suffering" or "take away this suffering from me" or "rescue me from having to suffer like this." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **about a stone's throw** - This means "about the distance that someone can throw a stone." AT: "a short distance" or with an estimated measurement like "about 30 meters" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **remove this cup from me** - Jesus is referring to the suffering that he is about to endure as if it were in a cup and that he was going to drink it. AT: "take away from me this cup of suffering" or "take away this suffering from me" or "rescue me from having to suffer like this." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Nevertheless not my will, but yours be done** - This can also be translated as "However, I want your will to be done rather than mine." diff --git a/luk/22/43.md b/luk/22/43.md index afb122654..30f822e91 100644 --- a/luk/22/43.md +++ b/luk/22/43.md @@ -10,4 +10,3 @@ * **appeared to him** - "appeared to Jesus" * **strengthening him** - "encouraging him" * **Being in agony, he prayed** - "He was in agony, and he prayed" -* **his sweat became like great drops of blood falling down on the ground** - Drops of sweat that were as large as drops of blood fell from his skin onto the ground. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/luk/22/49.md b/luk/22/49.md index cd1f3a77f..339a2ddd7 100644 --- a/luk/22/49.md +++ b/luk/22/49.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:highpriest]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:lord]] -* [[en:tw:priest]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:sword]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/52.md b/luk/22/52.md index 85ac8ef2b..185fdb0ec 100644 --- a/luk/22/52.md +++ b/luk/22/52.md @@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:authority]] * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] +* [[en:tw:darkness]] * [[en:tw:elder]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] +* [[en:tw:hour]] * [[en:tw:temple]] ## translationNotes @@ -11,4 +14,5 @@ * **I was daily with you** - "I was among you every day" * **in the temple** - This can be translated as "in the temple courts" or "at the temple." * **lay your hands on me** - This idiom means "arrest me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **your hour** - "your time" * **the authority of darkness** - This could be translated as "the time of the ruler of darkness" or "the time when Satan is doing the evil things as he wants to do" (UDB). The "authority of darkness" is a metonym for the evil ruler, Satan. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/luk/22/54.md b/luk/22/54.md index f1d12a4be..620c954ca 100644 --- a/luk/22/54.md +++ b/luk/22/54.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:courtyard]] * [[en:tw:highpriest]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:seize]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/59.md b/luk/22/59.md index bfa67bd1e..4440b5b93 100644 --- a/luk/22/59.md +++ b/luk/22/59.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amen]] * [[en:tw:galilee]] * [[en:tw:peter]] diff --git a/luk/22/61.md b/luk/22/61.md index 34f07272e..b5e527343 100644 --- a/luk/22/61.md +++ b/luk/22/61.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/22/66.md b/luk/22/66.md index fd185705c..6ca332c13 100644 --- a/luk/22/66.md +++ b/luk/22/66.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **They led him into the Council** - Possible meanings are 1) "The elders had Jesus brought into thee Council" or 2) "The guards led Jesus into the Council of the elders." Some languages may avoid saying who led him by using the pronoun "they" (ULB) or by using a passive verb: "Jesus was led into thee Council." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **They led him into the Council** - Possible meanings are 1) "The elders had Jesus brought into the Council" or 2) "The guards led Jesus into the Council of the elders." Some languages may avoid saying who led him by using the pronoun "they" (ULB) or by using a passive verb: "Jesus was led into thee Council." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **saying** - "The elders said to Jesus" * **tell us** - "tell us that you are the Christ" * **If I tell you, you will not believe** - This is the first of two hypothetical statements by Jesus. It was a way for Jesus to respond without giving them a reason to say that he was guilty of blasphemy. Your language may have a way of indicating that the action has not actually happened. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) -* **if I ask you, you will not answer** - This is the second hypothetical statement. +* **if I ask you, you will not answer** - This is the second hypothetical statement. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) * **if I tell you…if I ask you** - Jesus is saying that it did not matter whether he spoke or asked them to speak, they would not respond correctly. These two phrases together express Jesus' attitude that the council was not really looking for the truth. diff --git a/luk/22/69.md b/luk/22/69.md index c3e5405f8..ea02b7f6b 100644 --- a/luk/22/69.md +++ b/luk/22/69.md @@ -2,18 +2,19 @@ * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:righthand]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] * [[en:tw:witness]] ## translationNotes -* (Jesus continues speaking to the council of elders.) +* Jesus continues speaking to the council of elders. * **from now on** - "from this day" or "starting from today" * **the Son of Man** - Jesus used this phrase to refer to the Christ. He was implying that he was talking about himself, but the elders would have to ask to see if that's what he was really saying. * **seated at the right hand of the power of God** - The Jews understood that no one could sit there. They considered this equal to saying "will be with God as God." * **the power of God** - "the all-powerful God." Here "power" refers to his supreme authority. -* **Then are you the Son of God?** - The council asked this question because they wanted Jesus to explicitly confirm their understanding that he was saying he was the Son of God. This could be translated as "So when you said that, did you mean that you are the Son of God?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]] +* **Then are you the Son of God?** - The council asked this question because they wanted Jesus to explicitly confirm their understanding that he was saying he was the Son of God. This could be translated as "So when you said that, did you mean that you are the Son of God?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **You say that I am** - "Yes, it is just like you say" (UDB) * **Why do we still need a witness?** - This is a rhetorical question. It means "We have no further need for witnesses!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **from his own mouth** - This idiom uses a body part (the mouth) to refer to the person. It means "directly from him." It emphasizes the fact that Jesus himself said the things that they were accusing him of saying. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/luk/23/01.md b/luk/23/01.md index c8a959abf..f3db69052 100644 --- a/luk/23/01.md +++ b/luk/23/01.md @@ -1,13 +1,18 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:accuse]] * [[en:tw:caesar]] * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:israel]] +* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:king]] +* [[en:tw:perverse]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] +* [[en:tw:tribute]] ## translationNotes -* **the whole company of them** - "all of the Jewish leaders" +* **The whole company of them** - "All of the Jewish leaders" * **rose up** - "stood" or "stood to their feet" * **before Pilate** - "in front of Pilate." This could be translated as "to stand facing Pilate." * **perverting our nation** - "causing trouble by telling lies to our people" (UDB) diff --git a/luk/23/03.md b/luk/23/03.md index 2b3969578..1e85772fc 100644 --- a/luk/23/03.md +++ b/luk/23/03.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Pilate asked him** - "Pilate asked Jesus" -* **You say so** - This idiom means "what you said is correct." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) It could also be translated as "It is just as you have asked me" (UDB). +* **You say so** - This idiom means "what you said is correct." It could also be translated as "It is just as you have asked me" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **multitudes** - "the crowd of people" -* **I find no fault in this man ** - I find no fault in this man - "I don't find this man guilty of anything" +* **I find no fault in this man ** - "I don't find this man guilty of anything" * **stirs up** - "caused trouble among" * **beginning from Galilee and even to this place** - "He began causing trouble in Galilee and now is causing trouble here" diff --git a/luk/23/06.md b/luk/23/06.md index adfe66e41..460f7db65 100644 --- a/luk/23/06.md +++ b/luk/23/06.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * **the man** - This refers to Jesus. * **he discovered** - "Pilate discovered" * **he was under Herod's authority** - The passage does not state the implied fact that Herod was the ruler of Galilee. You could make this information explicit: "Jesus was under the authority of Herod because Herod ruled over Galilee." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **he sent ** - he sent - "Pilate sent" -* **who himself ** - who himself - This refers to Herod. +* **he sent ** - "Pilate sent" +* **who himself ** - This refers to Herod. * **in those days** - This could be translated as "during the Passover Festival." diff --git a/luk/23/08.md b/luk/23/08.md index db230da9e..3bd38006f 100644 --- a/luk/23/08.md +++ b/luk/23/08.md @@ -1,10 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:accuse]] * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] -* [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:miracle]] * [[en:tw:scribe]] +* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes @@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ * **he had heard about him** - "Herod had heard about Jesus" * **he hoped** - "Herod hoped" * **see some miracle done by him** - This could be stated in active voice: "he wanted to see him perform some kind of miracle" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Herod questioned Jesus in many words** - AT: "Herod asked Jesus a lot of questions" * **answered him nothing** - "did not reply" (UDB) or "did not give Herod an answer" * **stood** - "were standing there" -* **violently accusing him** - "severely accusing Jesus" or "viscously accusing him" +* **violently accusing him** - "severely accusing Jesus" or "viciously accusing him" diff --git a/luk/23/11.md b/luk/23/11.md index ca32fcc42..5b4d6a876 100644 --- a/luk/23/11.md +++ b/luk/23/11.md @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:herodantipas]] +* [[en:tw:adversary]] * [[en:tw:mock]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] +* [[en:tw:warrior]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/13.md b/luk/23/13.md index 126bb79e5..386739a2c 100644 --- a/luk/23/13.md +++ b/luk/23/13.md @@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] ## translationNotes * **called together the chief priests and the rulers and the crowd of people** - "called the chief priests and the rulers and the crowd of people to come meet together" -* **I, having questioned him before you ** - I, having questioned him before you - "I have questioned Jesus in your presence." This could also be translated as "I have questioned Jesus with you here as witnesses." +* **I, having questioned him before you ** - "I have questioned Jesus in your presence." This could also be translated as "I have questioned Jesus with you here as witnesses." * **I find no fault** - "I do not think that he is guilty" (UDB) diff --git a/luk/23/15.md b/luk/23/15.md index a7aba9a2c..a6ac1c9da 100644 --- a/luk/23/15.md +++ b/luk/23/15.md @@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ * [[en:tw:herodantipas]] * [[en:tw:prison]] * [[en:tw:punish]] +* [[en:tw:worthy]] ## translationNotes * **No, nor does Herod** - "Even Herod does not think he is guilty" (UDB) * **for** - "because" or "we know this because" -* **he sent him back to us** - "Herod sent Jesus to return to us." The word "us" here is exclusive: it refers to Pilate and his soldiers, not to the priests and scribes who had gone to Herod with Jesus, nor to the crowd. +* **he sent him back to us** - "Herod sent Jesus to return to us." The word "us" here is exclusive: it refers to Pilate and his soldiers, not to the priests and scribes who had gone to Herod with Jesus, nor to the crowd. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) * **nothing worthy of death has been done by him** - This can be translated in active voice: "He has not done anything to deserve a death sentence." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **I will therefore punish him** - Because Pilate had found no fault in Jesus he should have released him without punishment. It is not necessary to try to make this statement fit logically into the translation. Pilate punished Jesus, whom he knew to be innocent, only because he was afraid of the crowd. * **Now** - This could be translated as "Pilate said this because" (UDB). diff --git a/luk/23/20.md b/luk/23/20.md index 3ed135ad3..f73de4765 100644 --- a/luk/23/20.md +++ b/luk/23/20.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:crucify]] * [[en:tw:death]] +* [[en:tw:evil]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] * [[en:tw:punish]] diff --git a/luk/23/23.md b/luk/23/23.md index 21e6c52c4..b1ba6366c 100644 --- a/luk/23/23.md +++ b/luk/23/23.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:pilate]] * [[en:tw:prison]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/26.md b/luk/23/26.md index c0c75aee5..5de07a588 100644 --- a/luk/23/26.md +++ b/luk/23/26.md @@ -2,11 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:cross]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:seize]] ## translationNotes * **as they led him away** - "While the soldiers led Jesus away from where Pilate was" -* **seized one Simon of Cyrene** - The Roman soldiers had the authority to compel people to carry their loads. Do not translate this in a way that indicates that Simon was arrested or had done anything wrong. +* **seized one Simon of Cyrene** - The Roman soldiers had the authority to compel people to carry their loads. Do not translate this in a way that indicates that Simon was arrested or had done anything wrong. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **one** - "a man named" * **coming from the country** - "He was coming into Jerusalem from the countryside" (UDB) * **laid the cross on him** - "put the cross on his shoulders" diff --git a/luk/23/27.md b/luk/23/27.md index 5342c66a6..50b5a81e9 100644 --- a/luk/23/27.md +++ b/luk/23/27.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:mourn]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/29.md b/luk/23/29.md index a2922bcba..c32260d5c 100644 --- a/luk/23/29.md +++ b/luk/23/29.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:barren]] * [[en:tw:bless]] +* [[en:tw:womb]] ## translationNotes @@ -8,7 +10,7 @@ * **the barren** - "women who have not given birth to children" * **Then** - "At that time" * **to the hills** - "they will say to the hills" -* **For if they do these things while the tree is green what will happen when it is dry?** - This is a rhetorical question. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It can be translated as a statement: "You can see that they are doing these bad things while the tree is green, so you can be sure that they will do worse things when the tree is dry." The meaning is "You see that they are doing bad things now in good times, so you can be sure they will do worse things in the bad times in the future." +* **For if they do these things while the tree is green what will happen when it is dry?** - This is a rhetorical question. It can be translated as a statement: "You can see that they are doing these bad things while the tree is green, so you can be sure that they will do worse things when the tree is dry." The meaning is "You see that they are doing bad things now in good times, so you can be sure they will do worse things in the bad times in the future." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the tree is green** - The green tree is a metaphor for something good in the present. If your language has a similar metaphor, you should use it here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **it is dry** - The dry wood is a metaphor for something bad in the future. +* **it is dry** - The dry wood is a metaphor for something bad in the future. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **they** - This can refer to either the Romans or the Jewish leaders or no one in particular. diff --git a/luk/23/32.md b/luk/23/32.md index fff347ce8..a7338f4a9 100644 --- a/luk/23/32.md +++ b/luk/23/32.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:criminal]] * [[en:tw:death]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/33.md b/luk/23/33.md index 5387c332c..8723847d4 100644 --- a/luk/23/33.md +++ b/luk/23/33.md @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ * [[en:tw:forgive]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:lots]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/35.md b/luk/23/35.md index 7e622a015..17a1f93ab 100644 --- a/luk/23/35.md +++ b/luk/23/35.md @@ -1,7 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:elect]] * [[en:tw:mock]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:save]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/36.md b/luk/23/36.md index 3a068864a..a166b3248 100644 --- a/luk/23/36.md +++ b/luk/23/36.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:kingofthejews]] * [[en:tw:save]] +* [[en:tw:warrior]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/39.md b/luk/23/39.md index ee2dbe1b5..77c462fdb 100644 --- a/luk/23/39.md +++ b/luk/23/39.md @@ -3,12 +3,13 @@ * [[en:tw:christ]] * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:justice]] +* [[en:tw:rebuke]] * [[en:tw:save]] ## translationNotes * **insulted him** - "insulted Jesus" -* **Are not you the Christ?** - This question is intended not to gather information but to express doubt that Jesus really was the Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Are you not the Christ?** - This question is intended not to gather information but to express doubt that Jesus really was the Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **the other answered ** - "the other criminal answered" * **and rebuking him said ** - "and rebuked that criminal by saying" * **you are under the same sentence** - "you have been judged worthy of the same punishment (death on the cross)" diff --git a/luk/23/42.md b/luk/23/42.md index 61360f8c1..ed36c3df2 100644 --- a/luk/23/42.md +++ b/luk/23/42.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:Jesus]] +* [[en:tw:amen]] * [[en:tw:kingdom]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/23/44.md b/luk/23/44.md index 5afe3ec95..4c7521954 100644 --- a/luk/23/44.md +++ b/luk/23/44.md @@ -1,11 +1,12 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:curtain]] * [[en:tw:temple]] ## translationNotes -* **It was now about the sixth hour** - "When it was about noon." This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) +* **It was now about the sixth hour** - "When it was about noon." This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m. (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) * **darkness came over the entire land** - "the entire land became dark" -* **until the ninth hour** - "until 3 a.m." This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) +* **until the ninth hour** - "until 3 p.m." This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m. (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicaltime]]) * **the curtain of the temple** - "the curtain inside the temple" -* **was torn in the middle** - "tore (or split) to become two pieces." This could be translated as "God tore the temple curtain into two pieces." +* **was torn in the middle** - "tore (or split) to become two pieces." AT: "God tore the temple curtain into two pieces" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/23/46.md b/luk/23/46.md index a8e099327..b3d92ab71 100644 --- a/luk/23/46.md +++ b/luk/23/46.md @@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:glorify]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] +* [[en:tw:voice]] ## translationNotes * **Crying** - "Shouting" -* **into your hands I commit my spirit** - "I entrust my spirit to your care." This could be translated as "I give my spirit to you, knowing you will care for it." +* **into your hands I commit my spirit** - AT: "I entrust my spirit to your care" or "I give my spirit to you, knowing you will care for it." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Having said this** - "After Jesus said this" * **he died** - "Jesus died" * **what was done** - "what had happened" diff --git a/luk/23/48.md b/luk/23/48.md index 1a6bb0f55..51dfbc594 100644 --- a/luk/23/48.md +++ b/luk/23/48.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **who came together** - "who gathered together" * **things that were done ** - "what had happened" * **returned** - "returned to their homes" (UDB) -* **beating their breasts** - This is a metaphor that means "hitting their own chests to show that they were sorrowful" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **beating their breasts** - This means "hitting their own chests to show that they were sorrowful" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **his acquaintances** - “those who knew Jesus” or “those who had met Jesus” * **followed him** - "followed Jesus" * **at a distance** - "some distance away from Jesus" diff --git a/luk/23/50.md b/luk/23/50.md index 5b034775a..986468632 100644 --- a/luk/23/50.md +++ b/luk/23/50.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **belonging to the Council** - "and he was a member of the Jewish Council" * **a good and righteous man** - "He was a good and righteous man" * **had not agreed with the decision and their action** - "Joseph did not agree with the council's decision to kill Jesus and the council's action" -* **from Arimathea, a Jewish city** - "Joseph was from the Jewish city called Arimathea" +* **from Arimathea, a Jewish city** - "Joseph was from the Jewish city called Arimathea" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **who was waiting** - "Joseph was waiting" diff --git a/luk/24/01.md b/luk/24/01.md index 66596a92b..c5568abe9 100644 --- a/luk/24/01.md +++ b/luk/24/01.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Very early on the first day of the week** - "Before dawn on Sunday" (UDB) +* **Very early on the first day of the week** - "Before dawn on Sunday" (UDB) (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaltimeweek]]) * **came to** - "arrived at." The ULB is written as though the narrator is already at the tomb and sees the women arrive there. The UDB is written as though the narrator sees the women leave an unnamed place and go to the tomb. * **the tomb** - This tomb was cut in the rock of a cliff. * **the stone rolled away** - a large, cut, round stone big enough to completely block the doorway to the tomb. It required several men to roll. diff --git a/luk/24/04.md b/luk/24/04.md index 6a5b73050..b5c6382c6 100644 --- a/luk/24/04.md +++ b/luk/24/04.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **It happened** - This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **in dazzling apparel** - "wearing bright, shining clothes" (UDB) * **filled with fear** - "became afraid" -* **Why do you seek the living among the dead?** - This is a rhetorical question. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It can also be translated as "You are looking for a living person among dead people" or "You should not be looking for someone who is alive in a place where they bury dead people!" (UDB). +* **Why do you seek the living among the dead?** - This is a rhetorical question. It can also be translated as "You are looking for a living person among dead people" or "You should not be looking for someone who is alive in a place where they bury dead people!" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Why do you seek** - "You" here is plural, referring to the women who came. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/luk/24/06.md b/luk/24/06.md index c7299a837..3257ad0b8 100644 --- a/luk/24/06.md +++ b/luk/24/06.md @@ -2,16 +2,17 @@ * [[en:tw:crucify]] * [[en:tw:galilee]] +* [[en:tw:hand]] * [[en:tw:raise]] * [[en:tw:sin]] * [[en:tw:sonofman]] ## translationNotes -* (The angels continue talking to the women.) +* The angels continue talking to the women. * **remember how** - "remember what" * **he spoke to you** - Jesus had said this at least a week earlier. * **to you** - The word "you" is plural. It refers to the women and the other disciples. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **that the Son of Man** - This is the beginning of an indirect quote. It can also be translated with a direct quote as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **the Son of Man must be** - "it was necessary for the Son of Man to be." This is something that would certainly happen because God had already decided that it would happen. -* **delivered up into the hands of** - "handed over to" or "given over to." The sentence can also be translated with an active verb: "They will have to hand me, the Son of Man, over to sinful men" (UDB) or "Someone will certainly enable sinful men to seize the Son of Man. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **delivered up into the hands of** - "handed over to" or "given over to." Here "hand" refers to power or control. The sentence can also be translated with an active verb: "They will have to hand me, the Son of Man, over to sinful men" (UDB) or "Someone will certainly enable sinful men to seize the Son of Man. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/24/11.md b/luk/24/11.md index 402647201..63e6cdb61 100644 --- a/luk/24/11.md +++ b/luk/24/11.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:apostle]] * [[en:tw:peter]] +* [[en:tw:raise]] * [[en:tw:tomb]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/24/13.md b/luk/24/13.md index 0ac777794..e0c812b17 100644 --- a/luk/24/13.md +++ b/luk/24/13.md @@ -6,4 +6,5 @@ * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event different from the ones involving the women and Peter. * **that very day** - "that same day" (UDB) +* **Emmaus** - This is the name of a town. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **sixty stadia** - "eleven kilometers." A "stadium" was 185 meters. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicaldistance]]) diff --git a/luk/24/17.md b/luk/24/17.md index 85ccb3db8..efa3e0cad 100644 --- a/luk/24/17.md +++ b/luk/24/17.md @@ -4,4 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Are you the only person** - "You" refers to Jesus, use you (singular). This is the beginning of a rhetorical question. Cleopas showed his surprise that Jesus appeared not to know about the things that had happened in Jerusalem. It can also be translated as "You must be the only person." (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Cleopas** - This is the name of a man. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Are you the only person** - "You" refers to Jesus, use you (singular). This is the beginning of a rhetorical question. Cleopas showed his surprise that Jesus appeared not to know about the things that had happened in Jerusalem. It can also be translated as "You must be the only person." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/luk/24/19.md b/luk/24/19.md index 8ed2ecba3..5d1c7315a 100644 --- a/luk/24/19.md +++ b/luk/24/19.md @@ -1,17 +1,20 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:chiefpriests]] +* [[en:tw:condemn]] * [[en:tw:crucify]] * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:nazareth]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:ruler]] * [[en:tw:word]] +* [[en:tw:works]] ## translationNotes -* ** "What things?"** - "What things have happened?" or "What things have taken place?" -* **mighty in deed and word** - "able to do great things and teach great things" +* **"What things?"** - "What things have happened?" or "What things have taken place?" * **mighty in deed and word before God and all the people** - This means that God caused Jesus to be mighty and that the people saw that he was mighty. It can also be translated as "God gave him power to do and teach great things and the people were amazed." -* **delivered him up to be condemned to death** - "handed Jesus over to the Roman governor in order for the governor to put Jesus to death" +* **mighty in deed and word** - "able to do great things and teach great things" +* **delivered him up to be condemned to death** - AT: "handed Jesus over to the Roman governor in order for the governor to put Jesus to death" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/luk/24/21.md b/luk/24/21.md index 27561ef02..5dd46e456 100644 --- a/luk/24/21.md +++ b/luk/24/21.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:free]] * [[en:tw:israel]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/24/22.md b/luk/24/22.md index c8b42c027..aeaa884d6 100644 --- a/luk/24/22.md +++ b/luk/24/22.md @@ -1,11 +1,13 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:amazed]] * [[en:tw:angel]] * [[en:tw:life]] * [[en:tw:tomb]] +* [[en:tw:vision]] ## translationNotes -* **But also** - The men considered the women's report it be a good thing, not another bad thing in addition to Jesus' death. +* **But also** - The men considered the women's report to be a good thing, not another bad thing in addition to Jesus' death. * **having been at the tomb** - The women were the ones who were at the tomb. * **a vision of angels** - "angels in a vision" diff --git a/luk/24/25.md b/luk/24/25.md index c14b78c44..02d7e6611 100644 --- a/luk/24/25.md +++ b/luk/24/25.md @@ -1,15 +1,19 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:believe]] * [[en:tw:christ]] +* [[en:tw:foolish]] * [[en:tw:glory]] +* [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:moses]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:suffer]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes * **Jesus said to them** - Use the dual form of "them." -* **slow of heart** - "your hearts are dull and slow to respond" +* **slow of heart to believe** - AT: "your minds are slow to believe" or "you are slow to believe" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Was it not necessary** - This is a rhetorical question that means "It was necessary." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) Jesus did right by suffering and would have done wrong by not suffering. * **to enter into his glory** - This refers to the time Jesus will show everyone his beauty and greatness and receive honor and worship. * **Jesus interpreted to them** - Use the dual form of "them." diff --git a/luk/24/30.md b/luk/24/30.md index 1e7f57961..9c4295f97 100644 --- a/luk/24/30.md +++ b/luk/24/30.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:bread]] +* [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] ## translationNotes @@ -13,5 +14,5 @@ * **he vanished out of their sight** - This means that suddenly he was no longer there. It does not mean that he became invisible. * **Was not our heart burning…** - "Our hearts were burning within us" (UDB). This is a rhetorical question. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **our hearts burning within** - This is a metaphor that describes the intense feelings they had while talking to Jesus. The question could be translated as "We had such intense feelings while he was speaking to us..." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **within us** - The two men were speaking to each other. So the word "us" is dual inclusive for languages that make these distinctions. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **within us** - The two men were speaking to each other. So the word "us" is dual inclusive for languages that make these distinctions. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_pluralpronouns]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **while he opened to us the scriptures** - "while he explained the scriptures to us." Jesus did not open a book or scroll. diff --git a/luk/24/33.md b/luk/24/33.md index d0eed023f..1f08a5bd1 100644 --- a/luk/24/33.md +++ b/luk/24/33.md @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:hour]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] * [[en:tw:lord]] * [[en:tw:peter]] diff --git a/luk/24/36.md b/luk/24/36.md index 81fa038d6..7f0798b7a 100644 --- a/luk/24/36.md +++ b/luk/24/36.md @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:peace]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] +* [[en:tw:terror]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/24/38.md b/luk/24/38.md index a3f861a46..a234ed82c 100644 --- a/luk/24/38.md +++ b/luk/24/38.md @@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ * [[en:tw:heart]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] +* [[en:tw:trouble]] ## translationNotes * **Why are you troubled** - This is a rhetorical question used to comfort them. It can be translated as "Do not be frightened." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **And why do questions arise in your heart?** - "Why do doubt in your heart?" This rhetorical question is a mild rebuke. It can be translated as "Stop doubting in your heart." Jesus was telling them not to doubt that he was alive. This can be made explicit as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **And why do questions arise in your heart?** - "Why do you doubt in your mind?" This rhetorical question is a mild rebuke. It can be translated as "Stop doubting in your heart." Jesus was telling them not to doubt that he was alive. This can be made explicit as in the UDB. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **flesh and bones** - This is a way of referring to the body. diff --git a/luk/24/41.md b/luk/24/41.md index c19b311e8..c8a2cbb30 100644 --- a/luk/24/41.md +++ b/luk/24/41.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:believe]] +* [[en:tw:amazed]] +* [[en:tw:joy]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/24/44.md b/luk/24/44.md index c3ca0269d..21e8b7fef 100644 --- a/luk/24/44.md +++ b/luk/24/44.md @@ -1,12 +1,17 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:fulfill]] +* [[en:tw:fulfill|fulfill]] * [[en:tw:lawofmoses]] +* [[en:tw:lawofmoses|law, law of Moses, God's law, law of Yahweh]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:prophet|prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess]] +* [[en:tw:psalm]] +* [[en:tw:psalm|psalm]] ## translationNotes * **When I was with you** - "When I was with you before" -* **all that was written in the law of Moses and the prophets and Psalms** - This can be translated with an active verb: "all that Moses, the prophets, and the writers of the Psalms wrote." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **all…must be fufilled** - "God would fulfill all" +* **all that was written in the law of Moses and the prophets and Psalms** - This can be translated with an active verb: "all that Moses, the prophets, and the writers of the Psalms wrote." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **all…must be fulfilled** - "God would fulfill all" * **all that was written** - "all that was written about me" diff --git a/luk/24/45.md b/luk/24/45.md index b254f8c0c..99f940762 100644 --- a/luk/24/45.md +++ b/luk/24/45.md @@ -4,19 +4,22 @@ * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:forgive]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:mind]] * [[en:tw:name]] +* [[en:tw:nation]] * [[en:tw:preach]] * [[en:tw:raise]] * [[en:tw:repent]] * [[en:tw:sin]] * [[en:tw:suffer]] +* [[en:tw:understand]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] * [[en:tw:written]] ## translationNotes * **He opened their minds** - "He enabled them to understand" (UBD) -* **Thus it is written** - "This is what people long ago wrote" +* **Thus it is written** - AT: "This is what people long ago wrote" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **repentance and forgiveness of sins should be preached** - This can be translated with active verbs: "the Messiah's followers should preach that people need to repent and have God forgive their sins." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **on the third day** - "after two nights" * **all the nations** - "all the ethnic communities" or "all the people-groups" diff --git a/luk/24/48.md b/luk/24/48.md index d0f39de68..a3df5aecb 100644 --- a/luk/24/48.md +++ b/luk/24/48.md @@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ * [[en:tw:clothed]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] +* [[en:tw:power]] +* [[en:tw:promise]] * [[en:tw:witness]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/24/50.md b/luk/24/50.md index 95bd1d224..d0aea7673 100644 --- a/luk/24/50.md +++ b/luk/24/50.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:bethany]] * [[en:tw:bless]] +* [[en:tw:heaven]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/luk/24/52.md b/luk/24/52.md index 06a37d88d..a9ff78333 100644 --- a/luk/24/52.md +++ b/luk/24/52.md @@ -3,11 +3,12 @@ * [[en:tw:bless]] * [[en:tw:god]] * [[en:tw:jerusalem]] +* [[en:tw:joy]] * [[en:tw:temple]] * [[en:tw:worship]] ## translationNotes -* **they worshipped him** - This means to bow down, kneel or lie face down at the feet of another in reverence, humility, or awe. +* **they worshiped him** - This means to bow down, kneel or lie face down at the feet of another in reverence, humility, or awe. * **continually in the temple** - They went into the temple courtyard every day. -* **Blessing God** - "Praising God" (UDB) +* **blessing God** - "praising God" (UDB) diff --git a/mal/01/06.md b/mal/01/06.md index 308e68384..13656a513 100644 --- a/mal/01/06.md +++ b/mal/01/06.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh rebukes the priests using a rhetorical conversation in which the priests protest that they are doing right and Yahweh tells them how they are doing wrong. -* **despise my name** - despise my name-"treat me as though you hate me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **despise my name** - "treat me as though you hate me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **But you say, 'How have we despised your name?'** - "you priests say, 'How have we treated you as though we hate you?'" Alternate translation: "You have despised me but you say you have not!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **polluted bread** - food that was unacceptable for sacrifice * **And you say, 'How have we polluted you?'** - Alternate translation: "You think you have been acceptable to me but you have not!" diff --git a/mal/01/13.md b/mal/01/13.md index 59fe1c043..11838d2e4 100644 --- a/mal/01/13.md +++ b/mal/01/13.md @@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **disdainfully snort** - disdainfully snort - show great disrespect by making noises through the nose (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Should I accept this from your hand?"** - Should I accept this from your hand?"- "Should I accept this from you?" This is a rebuke. Alternate translation: "I should certainly not accept this from you!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]). -* **Cursed be the deceiver, who has a male animal in his flock and vows to give it to me** - Cursed be the deceiver, who has a male animal in his flock and vows to give it to me -* "I will cause bad things to happen to anyone who lies to me who has a physically perfect male animal in his herd and promises to give it to me as an offering" -* **and yet sacrifices to me, the Lord, what is flawed** - and yet sacrifices to me, the Lord, what is flawed - "and then sacrifices to me, the Lord, an animal that is not physically perfect" +* **disdainfully snort** - show great disrespect by making noises through the nose (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Should I accept this from your hand?"** - Should I accept this from you?" This is a rebuke. Alternate translation: "I should certainly not accept this from you!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]). +* **Cursed be the deceiver, who has a male animal in his flock and vows to give it to me** - "I will cause bad things to happen to anyone who lies to me who has a physically perfect male animal in his herd and promises to give it to me as an offering" +* **and yet sacrifices to me, the Lord, what is flawed** - "and then sacrifices to me, the Lord, an animal that is not physically perfect" diff --git a/mal/02/10.md b/mal/02/10.md index f1f11e9c6..856c78909 100644 --- a/mal/02/10.md +++ b/mal/02/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,3 @@ * **and has married the daughter of a foreign god** - "and they have married women from other nations who worship idols." * **any descendant of the man that does this** - "any of the man's children and grandchildren who also behave this way" * **even one who brings an offering to Yahweh of Hosts** - "even if the sinful man brings an offering to God but has not repented of his sin" -* **Malachi Chapter 02 Comprehension Question** - Malachi Chapter 02 Comprehension Question diff --git a/mal/03/01.md b/mal/03/01.md index 88fceaffc..1cf537a98 100644 --- a/mal/03/01.md +++ b/mal/03/01.md @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ * Yahweh is speaking to the people of Israel. * **See** - AT: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” -* **But who can endure the day of his coming? And who will stand when he appears?** - AT: "Absolutely no one is going to be able to resist or stand against Yahweh. -* **For he is like a refiner’s fire, and like laundry soap.** - God is comparing his ability to judge the people and to cleanse them from sin to the power of a strong soap to clean clothes or the power of fire to melt an object. It's another way of saying that God's power to do this is unstoppable. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **But who can endure the day of his coming? And who will stand when he appears?** - AT: "Absolutely no one is going to be able to resist Yahweh. +* **For he is like a refiner’s fire, and like laundry soap.** - God is comparing his ability to rule the people and to cleanse them from sin to the power of a strong soap to clean clothes or the power of fire to melt an object. It is another way of saying that God's power to do this is unstoppable. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **and he will purify the sons of Levi** - "and he will correct and cleanse the sons of Levi from sin" * **He will refine them like gold and silver** - God will remove sin from the Levites to make them more pure. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]). * **and they will bring offerings of righteousness to Yahweh** - "and they will bring acceptable offerings of worship to Yahweh." diff --git a/mat/01/01.md b/mat/01/01.md index e494b1f45..1bafd93d0 100644 --- a/mat/01/01.md +++ b/mat/01/01.md @@ -1,17 +1,25 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:abraham]] +* [[en:tw:abraham|Abraham, Abram]] * [[en:tw:david]] +* [[en:tw:david|David]] * [[en:tw:isaac]] +* [[en:tw:isaac|Isaac]] * [[en:tw:jacob]] +* [[en:tw:jacob|Jacob, Israel]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:jesus|Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus]] * [[en:tw:judah]] +* [[en:tw:judah|Judah]] * [[en:tw:son]] +* [[en:tw:son|son]] * [[en:tw:tamar]] +* [[en:tw:tamar|Tamar]] ## translationNotes -* Verses 1-17 list the ancestors of Jesus Christ. +* 17 list the ancestors of Jesus Christ. * **the son of David, the son of Abraham** - Alternate translation: "a descendant of David, who was a descendant of Abraham." There were many generations between Abraham and his descendant David, and between David and his descendant Jesus. "Son of David" is used as a title in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:09:27]] and other places, but here it seems to be used only to identify Jesus' ancestry. * **Abraham was the father of Isaac** - Alternate translation: "Abraham became the father of Isaac" or "Abraham had a son Isaac" or "Abraham had a son named Isaac." It may be more clear for your readers if you choose one way of saying this and use it throughout the rest of the list. * **Tamar** - Languages that have masculine and feminine forms of names should use a feminine form for her name. diff --git a/mat/01/04.md b/mat/01/04.md index bc422fa8d..a5605921c 100644 --- a/mat/01/04.md +++ b/mat/01/04.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* The list of Jesus' ancestors continues. Use the same wording that you used in Matthew [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:01]]. +* 3]]. * **Salmon was the father of Boaz by Rahab** - "Salmon was the father of Boaz, and Boaz's mother was Rahab" or "Salmon and Rahab were the parents of Boaz" * **Boaz the father of Obed by Ruth** - "Boaz was the father of Obed, and Obed's mother was Ruth" or "Boaz and Ruth were the parents of Obed" * **Rahab … Ruth** - Languages that have masculine and feminine forms of names should use feminine forms for their names. diff --git a/mat/01/07.md b/mat/01/07.md index f7a21e69e..e83275733 100644 --- a/mat/01/07.md +++ b/mat/01/07.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* The list of Jesus' ancestors continues. Use the same wording that you used in Matthew [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:01]]. +* 3]]. * **Asa** - Sometimes his name is translated as "Asaph." * **Joram the father of Uzziah** - Joram was actually Uzziah's grandfather's grandfather, so "father" can be translated as "ancestor" (UDB). diff --git a/mat/01/09.md b/mat/01/09.md index 8af54a7f4..c97152ca4 100644 --- a/mat/01/09.md +++ b/mat/01/09.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* The list of Jesus' ancestors continues. Use the same wording that you used in Matthew [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:01]]. +* 3]]. * **Amon** - Sometimes this is translated "Amos." * **Josiah the father of Jechoniah** - Josiah was actually Jechoniah's grandfather (see UDB). * **at the time of the deportation to Babylon** - "when they were forced to move to Babylon" or "when the Babylonians made them go live in Babylon." If your language needs to specify who went to Babylon, you could say "the Israelites" or "the Israelites who lived in Judah." diff --git a/mat/01/12.md b/mat/01/12.md index c218826d7..50c0317f1 100644 --- a/mat/01/12.md +++ b/mat/01/12.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* The list of Jesus' ancestors continues. Use the same wording that you used in Matthew [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:01]]. +* 3]]. * **after the deportation** - Use the same wording you used in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:09]]. * **Shealtiel the father of Zerubbabel** - Shealtiel was actually Zerubbabel's grandfather (see UDB). diff --git a/mat/01/15.md b/mat/01/15.md index 9e1d5ac2f..f2a67b498 100644 --- a/mat/01/15.md +++ b/mat/01/15.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* The list of Jesus' ancestors continues. Use the same wording that you used in Matthew [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:01]]. -* **Mary, by whom Jesus was born ** - Mary, by whom Jesus was born - This could be translated in the active voice as "Mary, who gave birth to Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* 3]]. +* **Mary, by whom Jesus was born ** - This could be translated in the active voice as "Mary, who gave birth to Jesus." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **deportation to Babylon** - Use the same wording you used in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:09]]. diff --git a/mat/01/18.md b/mat/01/18.md index 318bd2937..01fd5df1a 100644 --- a/mat/01/18.md +++ b/mat/01/18.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This begins an account of the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. If your language has a way to show a change of topics, you should use it here. -* **Mary was engaged to marry Joseph ** - Mary was engaged to marry Joseph - "was promised to marry" (UDB) or "was committed to marry." Parents normally arranged the marriages of their children. +* **Mary was engaged to marry Joseph ** - "was promised to marry" (UDB) or "was committed to marry." Parents normally arranged the marriages of their children. * **before they came together** - This euphemism means "before they had sexual relations." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **she was found to be pregnant** - "they realized that she was going to have a baby" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **by the Holy Spirit** - The Holy Spirit had enabled Mary to have a baby. diff --git a/mat/01/22.md b/mat/01/22.md index 192b94ee7..7fdd26e05 100644 --- a/mat/01/22.md +++ b/mat/01/22.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Matthew quotes a prophecy that the birth of Jesus would fulfill. * **what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet** - This could be stated in the active voice as "what the Lord told the prophet Isaiah to write long ago." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Behold** - Alternative translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” -* **the virgin will conceive and give birth to a son** - This verse is a direct quotation from Isaiah [[:en:bible:notes:isa:07:13]]. +* **the virgin will conceive and give birth to a son** - This verse is a direct quotation from [[:en:bible:notes:isa:07:13]]. diff --git a/mat/01/24.md b/mat/01/24.md index 66e199659..e3d23a90b 100644 --- a/mat/01/24.md +++ b/mat/01/24.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * This section returns to the events leading up to the birth of Jesus. -* **commanded ** - commanded - The angel had told him to take Mary as his wife and to name him Jesus (verses 20-21 ). -* **did not sleep with her ** - did not sleep with her - "did not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **commanded ** - The angel had told him to take Mary as his wife and to name him Jesus (verses 20-21 ). +* **did not sleep with her ** - "did not have sexual relations with her" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **And he called his name Jesus** - "Joseph named his son Jesus" diff --git a/mat/02/01.md b/mat/02/01.md index 32e806960..61e162109 100644 --- a/mat/02/01.md +++ b/mat/02/01.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ ## translationNotes * This chapter describes what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. -* **Bethlehem of Judea ** - Bethlehem of Judea - "the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea" (UDB) -* **learned men ** - learned men - "men who studied the stars" (UDB) -* **Herod ** - Herod - This refers to Herod the Great. +* **Bethlehem of Judea ** - "the town of Bethlehem in the province of Judea" (UDB) +* **learned men ** - "men who studied the stars" (UDB) +* **Herod ** - This refers to Herod the Great. * **Where is he who was born King of the Jews?** - The men knew that the one who would become king had been born. They were trying to learn where he was. "A baby who will become the king of the Jews has been born. Where is he?" * **his star** - "the star that tells about him" or "the star that is associated with his birth." They were not saying that the baby was the rightful owner of the star. * **worship** - Possible meanings for this word are 1) they intended to worship the baby as divine, or 2) they wanted to "honor" him as a human king. If your language has a word that includes both meanings, you should consider using it here. diff --git a/mat/02/04.md b/mat/02/04.md index 7ac8ada6e..27ecbc7d7 100644 --- a/mat/02/04.md +++ b/mat/02/04.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * This continues the account of what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. * **In Bethlehem of Judea** - Alternative translation: "in the town of Bethlehem of Judea." * **this is what was written by the prophet** - This can be stated in active voice as "this is what the prophet wrote." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **written by the prophet ** - written by the prophet - Alternative translation: "written by the prophet Micah." +* **written by the prophet ** - Alternative translation: "written by the prophet Micah." * **you, Bethlehem, … are not the least among the leaders of Judah** - "You who live in Bethlehem, your town is certainly very important" (UDB) or "you, Bethlehem, … are one of the most important cities." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/mat/02/07.md b/mat/02/07.md index 3b8e55910..8c7bb1baf 100644 --- a/mat/02/07.md +++ b/mat/02/07.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * This continues the account of what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. * **Herod secretly called the learned men** - This means that Herod talked to the learned men without other people knowing. -* **young child ** - young child - This refers to the baby Jesus. +* **young child ** - This refers to the baby Jesus. * **worship** - Translate this with the same word that you used in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:01:01]]. diff --git a/mat/02/09.md b/mat/02/09.md index 921c8fe98..9367d90ab 100644 --- a/mat/02/09.md +++ b/mat/02/09.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. -* **After they heard the king ** - After they heard the king - "then" (UDB) or "after the learned men heard the king" +* **After they heard the king ** - "then" (UDB) or "after the learned men heard the king" * **went before them** - Alternative translation: "guided them." -* **stood still over ** - stood still over - Alternative translation: "stopped over." +* **stood still over ** - Alternative translation: "stopped over." diff --git a/mat/02/16.md b/mat/02/16.md index dc5241762..9da4254ab 100644 --- a/mat/02/16.md +++ b/mat/02/16.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * This continues the account of what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. * **Then Herod** - This describes what Herod did after Joseph fled to Egypt with Mary and Jesus. Herod does not die until [[:en:bible:notes:mat:02:19]]. * **he had been mocked** - "the learned men had embarrassed him by tricking him" (see UDB) -* **He sent and killed all the male children ** - He sent and killed all the male children - Alternative translation: "He gave orders to kill all the boys" or "He sent soldiers there to kill all the boy babies." (UDB) +* **He sent and killed all the male children ** - Alternative translation: "He gave orders to kill all the boys" or "He sent soldiers there to kill all the boy babies." (UDB) diff --git a/mat/02/19.md b/mat/02/19.md index 71b6a96f5..c89da1254 100644 --- a/mat/02/19.md +++ b/mat/02/19.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * This continues the account of what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. * **behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. -* **who tried to take the young child's life ** - who tried to take the young child's life - "who tried to kill the young child." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **who sought the child's life ** - "who were looking for the child in order to kill him." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/mat/02/22.md b/mat/02/22.md index 546abb8e1..9da035ead 100644 --- a/mat/02/22.md +++ b/mat/02/22.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of what happened when Jesus was born as the King of the Jews. -* **But when he heard ** - But when he heard - "But when Joseph heard" -* **his father Herod ** - his father Herod - This is Archelaus' father. -* **he was afraid to go there ** - he was afraid to go there - The "he" refers to Joseph. -* **he would be called a Nazarene ** - he would be called a Nazarene - The "he" refers to Jesus. +* **But when he heard ** - "But when Joseph heard" +* **his father Herod ** - This is Archelaus' father. +* **he was afraid to go there ** - The "he" refers to Joseph. +* **he would be called a Nazarene ** - The "he" refers to Jesus. diff --git a/mat/03/01.md b/mat/03/01.md index 63faff597..ecd60f5ed 100644 --- a/mat/03/01.md +++ b/mat/03/01.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * This section takes place many years later when John the Baptist was an adult and began to preach. * **For this is he who ** - The pronoun "he" refers to John the Baptist. * **For this is he who was spoken of by Isaiah the prophet, saying ** - Alternative translation: "For Isaiah the prophet was speaking of John the Baptist when he said." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight ** - Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight - This is a metaphor for the message of John the Baptist which calls for the people to prepare to repent. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) Alternative translation: "Get ready to change the way you live so your life will be pleasing to God." +* **Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight ** - This is a metaphor for the message of John the Baptist which calls for the people to prepare to repent. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) Alternative translation: "Get ready to change the way you live so your life will be pleasing to God." diff --git a/mat/03/04.md b/mat/03/04.md index b1247bd05..a6d83d783 100644 --- a/mat/03/04.md +++ b/mat/03/04.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * John the Baptist continues to preach. -* **They were baptized by him ** - They were baptized by him - "John baptized them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **They were baptized by him ** - "John baptized them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **They** - The people coming from Jerusalem, Judea, and the region around the Jordan River. diff --git a/mat/03/10.md b/mat/03/10.md index 494e683a5..6180ae446 100644 --- a/mat/03/10.md +++ b/mat/03/10.md @@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ ## translationNotes * John the Baptist continues to preach. -* **Already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire. ** - Already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire. - This is a metaphor meaning "God is ready to punish you if you do not turn away from your sinful behavior like a man who lays his ax at the foot of a tree he is ready to cut down." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Already the ax has been placed against the root of the trees. So every tree that does not produce good fruit is chopped down and thrown into the fire. ** - This is a metaphor meaning "God is ready to punish you if you do not turn away from your sinful behavior in the same way that a man who sets the head of his ax at the foot of a tree is ready to cut it down." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **I baptize you** - John is baptizing repentant people. * **But he who comes after me** - Jesus is the person who comes after John. -* **He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire** - This is a metaphor meaning "God will put his Holy Spirit within you and take you through fire to judge and cleanse those who would enter the Kingdom of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire** - This is a metaphor meaning "God will put his Holy Spirit within you and take you through fire to judge and cleanse those who would enter the Kingdom of God." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **He will baptize you** - Jesus will baptize you. -* **His winnowing fork is in his hand to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor** - This metaphor compares the way Christ will separate the righteous people from the unrighteous people to the way a man separates wheat grain from chaff. It can be translated as a simile to make the connection clearer: “Christ is like a man whose winnowing fork is in his hand.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **His winnowing fork is in his hand to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor** - This metaphor compares the way Christ will separate the righteous people from the unrighteous people to the way a man separates wheat grain from chaff. It can be translated as a simile to make the connection clearer: “Christ is like a man whose winnowing fork is in his hand.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **His winnowing fork is in his hand** - Alternative translation: “Christ is holding a winnowing fork because he is ready.” -* **winnowing fork** - This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar to a pitchfork. +* **winnowing fork** - This is a tool for tossing wheat up into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar in shape to a pitchfork but with wide tines made of wood. * **his threshing floor** - This is a place where people separate the grain from the chaff. Alternative translations: “his ground” or “the ground where he separates the grain from the chaff.” -* **gather his wheat into the storehouse...burn up the chaff with fire that can never be put out ** - gather his wheat into the storehouse...burn up the chaff with fire that can never be put out - This is a metaphor showing how God will separate righteous people from evil people. The righteous will go to heaven like wheat into a farmer's storehouse, and God will burn the people who are like chaff with a fire that will never be put out. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **gather his wheat into the storehouse…burn up the chaff with fire that can never be put out ** - This is a metaphor showing how God will separate righteous people from evil people. The righteous will go to heaven like wheat into a farmer's storehouse, and God will burn the people who are like chaff with a fire that will never be put out. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/mat/03/13.md b/mat/03/13.md index a5bfd2a65..3120f13c4 100644 --- a/mat/03/13.md +++ b/mat/03/13.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * This begins the account of how Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist. -* **I need to be baptized by you ** - I need to be baptized by you - "I" refers to John the Baptist and "you" refers to Jesus Christ. +* **I need to be baptized by you ** - "I" refers to John the Baptist and "you" refers to Jesus Christ. * **do you come to me?** - This is a rhetorical question. Alternative translation: "Since you are not a sinner, you should not come to me and have me baptize you." Note that "you" refers to Jesus Christ and "me" refers to John the Baptist. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/mat/03/16.md b/mat/03/16.md index 359983281..6ab0faeb1 100644 --- a/mat/03/16.md +++ b/mat/03/16.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of how Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist. -* **After he was baptized ** - After he was baptized - This could be translated by saying: "After John baptized Jesus." +* **After he was baptized ** - This could be translated by saying: "After John baptized Jesus." * **the heavens were opened to him** - Alternative translation: "he saw the sky open" or "he saw the heavens open." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **coming down like a dove ** - coming down like a dove - This can 1) be a plain statement that the Spirit was in the form of a dove (see UDB) or 2) be a simile that compares the Spirit coming down upon Jesus gently, the way a dove would. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **coming down like a dove ** - This can 1) be a plain statement that the Spirit was in the form of a dove (see UDB) or 2) be a simile that compares the Spirit coming down upon Jesus gently, the way a dove would. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. diff --git a/mat/04/07.md b/mat/04/07.md index 75ace11d2..02829d69d 100644 --- a/mat/04/07.md +++ b/mat/04/07.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of how Satan tempted Jesus. -* **Again it is written ** - Again it is written - This could be translated "Again, I will tell you something that is in the Scriptures." -* **He said to him ** - He said to him - "The devil said to Jesus" -* **All these things I will give you ** - All these things I will give you - "I will give you all these things." The tempter is emphasizing that he will give "all these things," not just some of them. +* **Again it is written ** - This could be translated "Again, I will tell you something that is in the Scriptures." +* **He said to him ** - "The devil said to Jesus" +* **All these things I will give you ** - "I will give you all these things." The tempter is emphasizing that he will give "all these things," not just some of them. diff --git a/mat/04/21.md b/mat/04/21.md index 9322fcbc0..e384a578a 100644 --- a/mat/04/21.md +++ b/mat/04/21.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of the beginning of Jesus' ministry in Galilee. -* **they were mending their nets ** - they were mending their nets - "They" might include the two brothers and Zebedee, or just the two brothers. +* **they were mending their nets ** - "They" might include the two brothers and Zebedee, or just the two brothers. * **He called them,** - "Jesus called John and James." This phrase also means that Jesus invited them to follow him, live with him, and become his disciples. -* **immediately ** - immediately - "at that moment" +* **immediately ** - "at that moment" * **left the boat … and followed him** - It should be clear that this is a life change. These men are no longer going to be fishermen and are leaving the family business to follow Jesus for the rest of their lives. diff --git a/mat/05/01.md b/mat/05/01.md index d32d356ca..e29bc1117 100644 --- a/mat/05/01.md +++ b/mat/05/01.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Chapters 5-7 are a single event. Jesus went up on a hill and taught his disciples. +* 7 are a single event. Jesus went up on a hill and taught his disciples. * **He opened his mouth** - "Jesus began to speak." * **taught them** - The word "them" refers to his disciples. * **the poor in spirit ** - "those who know they need God" diff --git a/mat/05/25.md b/mat/05/25.md index cbe55cb53..2f1822f9e 100644 --- a/mat/05/25.md +++ b/mat/05/25.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. All occurrences of “you” and “your” are singular, but your language may require you to translate them as plurals. * **lest perhaps your accuser hands you over** - "the result could be that your accuser hands you over" or "because your accuser might hand you over” * **hands you over to the judge** - "takes you to court" -* **officer ** - officer - a person who has authority to carry out the decisions of a judge +* **officer ** - a person who has authority to carry out the decisions of a judge * **there** - prison diff --git a/mat/05/33.md b/mat/05/33.md index 89a1b6880..d6c2d048c 100644 --- a/mat/05/33.md +++ b/mat/05/33.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **you have heard that it was said** - "your religious leaders have said to you, 'God said to those in ancient times, "You will not swear."'" Jesus uses the passive here to make it plain that it is not God or God's word that he disagrees with. Rather, he is telling his hearers not to use what does not belong to them to try to make people believe their words. * **it was said** - Translate this the way you did in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:31]]. * **swear … oaths** - This can mean 1) tell God and people that you will do what God requires you to do (see UDB) or 2) tell people that God knows that what you are saying about something you have seen is true. -* **But I say to you ** - But I say to you - Translate this the same way you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:31]]. +* **But I say to you ** - Translate this the same way you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:31]]. * **swear not … by heaven … the throne of God … by the earth … the footstool for his feet … by Jerusalem … the city of the great King** - This metaphor from Isaiah [[:en:bible:notes:isa:66:01]] and Psalm [[:en:bible:notes:psa:148:001]] is of God as "the great King." Just as none of Jesus' hearers would think of treating an earthly king's beautiful throne, or even his lowly footstool or the city where he lives, as his own to make his own words strong, so they should not use heaven or earth or Jerusalem to back up their words. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) * **swear not at all** - If your language has a plural form for commands, use it here. "You will not swear a false oath" (verse 33) allows the hearer to swear but forbids false oaths. "Swear not at all" here forbids all oaths. * **swear not** - Translate this the same way you translated it in verse 33. diff --git a/mat/05/36.md b/mat/05/36.md index fa025a2fa..03f13994f 100644 --- a/mat/05/36.md +++ b/mat/05/36.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ * Jesus continues to teach his disciples. This event began in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:01]]. * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. The instances of "you" in "will you swear" and "you cannot" are singular, but you may have to translate them as plurals. "Your" in "your speech" is plural. -* In [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:33]] Jesus has told his hearers that God's throne, footstool, and earthly home are not theirs to swear by. Here he says that even their own heads are not theirs to swear by. +* 35]] Jesus has told his hearers that God's throne, footstool, and earthly home are not theirs to swear by. Here he says that even their own heads are not theirs to swear by. * **swear** - Translate this with the same word you used in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:33]]. * **let your speech be, 'Yes, yes,' or 'No, no.'** - "if you mean 'yes,' say 'yes,' and if you mean 'no,' say 'no.'" diff --git a/mat/05/40.md b/mat/05/40.md index d7a32f26a..118d126c7 100644 --- a/mat/05/40.md +++ b/mat/05/40.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. All "you" and "your" are singular, as are the commands "let," "go," "give," and "do not turn away," but you may have to translate them as plurals. * **coat ... cloak** - The "coat" was worn close to the body, like a heavy shirt or a sweater. The "cloak," the more valuable of the two, was worn over the "coat" for warmth and also used as a blanket for warmth at night. * **let that person ... have** - "give to that person" -* **whoever ** - whoever - any person -* **one mile ** - one mile - one thousand paces, the distance a Roman soldier could legally force someone to carry something for him +* **whoever ** - any person +* **one mile ** - one thousand paces, the distance a Roman soldier could legally force someone to carry something for him * **with him** - this refers to the one who compels you to go. * **go with him two** - "go the mile he forces you to go, then go another mile" diff --git a/mat/05/43.md b/mat/05/43.md index e00a13191..96b199699 100644 --- a/mat/05/43.md +++ b/mat/05/43.md @@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. Only "you will love ... and hate your enemy" are singular, but you may have to translate them as plurals. All other instances of "you," as well as the commands "love" and "pray," are plural. * **You have heard that it was said** - Translate this the way you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:33]]. * The word "neighbor" here refers to members of the same community or people group whom one usually desires to or ought to treat kindly. It does not refer simply to people who live nearby. You may have to translate it as plural. -* **But I say to you ** - But I say to you - Translate this the same way you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:31]]. +* **But I say to you ** - Translate this the same way you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:31]]. * **you may be sons of your Father** - "you may have the character of your Father" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/mat/05/46.md b/mat/05/46.md index d112f7f97..ee06afc85 100644 --- a/mat/05/46.md +++ b/mat/05/46.md @@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ * [[en:tw:heaven]] * [[en:tw:perfect]] * [[en:tw:reward]] -* [[en:tw:reward]] * [[en:tw:taxcollector]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/mat/06/01.md b/mat/06/01.md index 3ce40c807..03305f222 100644 --- a/mat/06/01.md +++ b/mat/06/01.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * Jesus continues to teach his disciples. This event began in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:01]]. * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. All “you” and "your" are plural. -* **do not sound a trumpet before yourself ** - do not sound a trumpet before yourself - do not draw attention to yourself like someone who plays a loud trumpet in a crowd (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **do not sound a trumpet before yourself ** - do not draw attention to yourself like someone who plays a loud trumpet in a crowd (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **praise** - Use the same word you used in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:15]]. diff --git a/mat/06/08.md b/mat/06/08.md index c017da571..23fa3205c 100644 --- a/mat/06/08.md +++ b/mat/06/08.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Jesus continues to teach his disciples. This event began in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:01]]. * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. He speaks to them as a group in the plural as far as "pray like this." All occurrences of "your" after "Heavenly Father" are singular. * **sanctify your name** - "we want everyone to know you are holy" -* **Let your kingdom come ** - Let your kingdom come - "We want to see you rule over everyone and everything completely" +* **Let your kingdom come ** - "We want to see you rule over everyone and everything completely" diff --git a/mat/07/01.md b/mat/07/01.md index 6a0a6f310..3e159044c 100644 --- a/mat/07/01.md +++ b/mat/07/01.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ * Jesus continues to teach his disciples. This event began in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:01]]. * Jesus is talking to a group of people about what might happen to them as individuals. The instances of “you” and the commands are plural. -* **you will be judged ** - you will be judged - This could be stated in active form: "God will condemn you" (UDB) or "people will condemn you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **you will be judged ** - This could be stated in active form: "God will condemn you" (UDB) or "people will condemn you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **For** - Be sure the reader understands that verse 2 is based on verse 1. * **measure** - This can refer to 1) the amount of punishment given (see UDB) or 2) the standard used for judgment. diff --git a/mat/07/07.md b/mat/07/07.md index 93aa284e8..e142f839f 100644 --- a/mat/07/07.md +++ b/mat/07/07.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **ask ... seek ... knock** - These are three metaphors for persistent prayer. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]].) If your language has a form for continuing to do things over time (see UDB), use it here. * **ask** - request things from God (see UDB) * **seek** - "expect" (UDB) or "search for" -* **knock** - To knock on a door was a polite way to request that the person inside the house or room open the door. If knocking on a door is impolite, use the word that describes how people politely ask for doors to be opened or translate it "tell God you want him to open the door." +* **knock** - To knock on a door was a polite way to request that the person inside the house or room open the door. If knocking on a door is impolite, use the word that describes how people politely ask for doors to be opened or translate it "tell God you want him to open the door." * **Or .... Or** - Jesus is about to say what he has just said in different words. These may be omitted (UDB). * **what man among you is there** - This rhetorical question means "none of you would." (See: UDB, [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **a loaf of bread ... stone ... fish ... snake** - These should be translated literally. diff --git a/mat/07/18.md b/mat/07/18.md index 077c6bcfa..2e29330d7 100644 --- a/mat/07/18.md +++ b/mat/07/18.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * Jesus continues to teach his disciples. This event began in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:01]]. * **Every tree that does not yield good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire** - Jesus continues to use fruit trees as a metaphor to refer to false prophets. Here, he only states what will happen to the bad trees. It is implied that the same thing will happen to the false prophets. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **by their fruits you will know them** - "their fruits" can refer to either the prophets or the trees. This metaphor implies that the fruit of trees and the deeds of prophets both reveal whether they are good or bad. If possible, translate this in a way to refer to either one. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **by their fruits you will know them** - The word "their" can refer to either the prophets or the trees. This metaphor implies that the fruit of trees and the deeds of prophets both reveal whether they are good or bad. If possible, translate this in a way to refer to either one. diff --git a/mat/07/28.md b/mat/07/28.md index e3aad76e6..6363d2aba 100644 --- a/mat/07/28.md +++ b/mat/07/28.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It came about** - If your language has a way of expressing the beginning of a new section in a story, use it here. (See: TAlink:Discourse) +* **It came about** - If your language has a way of expressing the beginning of a new section in a story, use it here. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_newevent]]) diff --git a/mat/08/04.md b/mat/08/04.md index 802c17655..c81fd036a 100644 --- a/mat/08/04.md +++ b/mat/08/04.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **say nothing to any man** - Though the man would have to talk to the priest when he gave the sacrifice (see UDB), Jesus wanted the man to say nothing to anyone else about what had happened. This can be translated as "do not say anything to anyone" or "do not tell anyone that I healed you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **show yourself to the priest** - Jewish law required that the person show his healed skin to the priest, who would allow him or her to be with other people. * **offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony to them** - The law of Moses required that someone healed of leprosy give a thanksgiving offering to the priest. When the priest accepted the gift, people would know that the man had been healed. -* **to them** - This can possibly refer to 10 the priests or 2) all the people or 3) the critics of Jesus. If possible, use a pronoun that could refer to any of these groups. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **to them** - This can possibly refer to the priests or 2) all the people or 3) the critics of Jesus. If possible, use a pronoun that could refer to any of these groups. diff --git a/mat/08/11.md b/mat/08/11.md index ce2870d74..f10a81354 100644 --- a/mat/08/11.md +++ b/mat/08/11.md @@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ * **the sons of the kingdom** - The phrase "sons of" refers to those who belong to something, in this case the kingdom of God. There is also irony here because the "sons" will be thrown out while the strangers will be welcomed. This can be translated as "those who should have allowed God to rule over them" (see UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **the outer darkness** - This expression refers to the eternal destiny of those who reject God. "the dark place away from God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **so may it be done for you** - "so I will do it for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the servant was healed ** - the servant was healed - "Jesus healed the servant." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the servant was healed ** - "Jesus healed the servant." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **at that very hour** - "at the exact time Jesus said he would heal the servant." diff --git a/mat/08/14.md b/mat/08/14.md index d94557cab..d9db1f1e5 100644 --- a/mat/08/14.md +++ b/mat/08/14.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ * This continues the account of Jesus' healing several people. * **Jesus had come** - Jesus was probably accompanied by his disciples (to whom he "gave instructions," [[:en:bible:notes:isa:08:18]]; see UDB), but the focus of the story is on what Jesus said and did, so introduce the disciples only if needed to avoid wrong meaning. -* **Peter's mother-in-law** - "the mother of Peter's wife" +* **Peter's mother-in-law** - in-law** - "the mother of Peter's wife" * **the fever left her** - If your language would understand this personification to mean that the fever could think and act on its own, this can be translated as "she became better" or "Jesus healed her." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **got up** - "got out of bed" diff --git a/mat/08/23.md b/mat/08/23.md index c4b0135d9..a3ce07966 100644 --- a/mat/08/23.md +++ b/mat/08/23.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This begins an account of Jesus calming a storm. -* **entered a boat ** - entered a boat - "Jesus got onto a boat" +* **entered a boat ** - "Jesus got onto a boat" * **his disciples followed him** - Try to use the same words for "disciple" and "follow" that you used in ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:08:21]]) and ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:08:21]]). * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. * **there arose a great storm on the sea** - "a great storm arose on the sea." diff --git a/mat/08/28.md b/mat/08/28.md index 227d47bb3..1b4f029cb 100644 --- a/mat/08/28.md +++ b/mat/08/28.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ * This begins an account of Jesus' healing two men with demons. * **to the other side** - "to the other side of the Sea of Galilee" -* **country of the Gadarenes ** - country of the Gadarenes - The Gadarenes were named for the town of Gadara. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **country of the Gadarenes ** - The Gadarenes were named for the town of Gadara. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **they…were very violent, so that no traveler could pass that way** - The demons that held these two men were so dangerous that no one could go through that area. * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. * **What do we have to do with you, Son of God?** - This first rhetorical question is hostile (see UDB, [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). diff --git a/mat/08/33.md b/mat/08/33.md index 76ed91de0..4ef7d2be0 100644 --- a/mat/08/33.md +++ b/mat/08/33.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ * This concludes the account of Jesus healing two men with demons. * **The men who had been tending the pigs** - "the men who took care of the pigs" -* **what had happened to the men who were controlled by demons ** - what had happened to the men who were controlled by demons - what Jesus had done to the demon-controlled men. +* **what had happened to the men who were controlled by demons ** - what Jesus had done to the demon-controlled men. * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. * **all the city** - This would mean a many or most of the people, not necessarily every person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **region ** - region - "the city and the land near it" +* **region ** - "the city and the land near it" diff --git a/mat/09/01.md b/mat/09/01.md index b93d7dbc2..39522df35 100644 --- a/mat/09/01.md +++ b/mat/09/01.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This begins an account of Jesus healing a paralyzed man. -* **Jesus entered a boat ** - Jesus entered a boat - The disciples probably went with Jesus (see UDB). +* **Jesus entered a boat ** - The disciples probably went with Jesus (see UDB). * **a boat** - Probably the same boat as in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:08:23]]. Specify only if you need to avoid confusion. * **came into his own city** - "the city where he was staying" (UDB). * **Behold** - This marks the beginning of another event in the larger story. It may involve different people than the previous events. Your language may have a way of doing this. diff --git a/mat/09/16.md b/mat/09/16.md index f28383eff..34398ebc9 100644 --- a/mat/09/16.md +++ b/mat/09/16.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ * Jesus continues to answer the question asked by the disciples of John. * **No man puts a piece of new cloth on an old garment** - People who know only the old traditions are not eager to accept new ones. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **garment ** - garment - "clothing" +* **garment ** - "clothing" * **the patch** - "the piece of new cloth" used to cover the torn cloth diff --git a/mat/09/23.md b/mat/09/23.md index 7fe096060..f62f98b67 100644 --- a/mat/09/23.md +++ b/mat/09/23.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ * This continues the account of Jesus healing the daughter of the Jewish official. * **official's house** - This is the Jewish leader's house. * **flute** - This is a long hollow musical instrument, which is played by blowing air in or over one end. -* **flute-players** - "people who play flutes" +* **flute-players** - players** - "people who play flutes" * **Go away** - Jesus was speaking to many people, so use the plural command form if your language has it. * **the girl is not dead, but sleeps ** - Jesus is using the image of sleep because her death would only be for a short time, as he knew he was going to raise her from the dead. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/mat/10/05.md b/mat/10/05.md index 6f4bc09d8..f0fcf05e9 100644 --- a/mat/10/05.md +++ b/mat/10/05.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ * This continues the account of Jesus' sending out his twelve apostles to do his work. * **These twelve Jesus sent out** - "Jesus sent out these twelve men" or "It was these twelve men whom Jesus sent out" * **sent out** - Jesus sent them out for a particular purpose. "Sent out" is the verbal form of the noun "apostles" that is used in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:10:01]]. -* **he instructed them ** - he instructed them - "he told them what they needed to do." This could be translated "he commanded them." +* **he instructed them ** - "he told them what they needed to do." This could be translated "he commanded them." * **lost sheep of the house of Israel** - This is a metaphor comparing the entire nation of Israel to sheep who have strayed away from their shepherd (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **house of Israel** - This expression refers to the nation of Israel. It may be translated as “people of Israel” or "descendants of Israel." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **And as you go ** - The pronoun "you" refers to the twelve apostles. diff --git a/mat/10/08.md b/mat/10/08.md index 6172f2d82..c39ec295f 100644 --- a/mat/10/08.md +++ b/mat/10/08.md @@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ * **Acquire no gold, silver, nor brass** - "Do not acquire gold, silver, or brass" * **Acquire** - "Get," Receive," or "Take" * **gold, silver, nor brass** - These are metals out of which coins were made. This list is a metonym for money, so if the metals are unknown in your area, translate the list as "money" (see UDB). -* **purses ** - purses - This means "belts" or "money-belts," but it can refer to whatever might be used to carry money. A belt is a long strip of cloth or leather worn around the waist. It was often wide enough that it could be folded and used to carry money. -* **traveling bag ** - traveling bag - This could either be any bag used to carry things on a journey, or a bag used by someone to collect food or money. +* **purses ** - This means "belts" or "money-belts," but it can refer to whatever might be used to carry money. A belt is a long strip of cloth or leather worn around the waist. It was often wide enough that it could be folded and used to carry money. +* **traveling bag ** - This could either be any bag used to carry things on a journey, or a bag used by someone to collect food or money. * **two tunics** - Use the same word you used for "tunic" in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:05:40]]. * **laborer** - "worker" * **food** - "what he needs" diff --git a/mat/10/11.md b/mat/10/11.md index 12bbc0d5c..77ee1f8be 100644 --- a/mat/10/11.md +++ b/mat/10/11.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ * This continues the account of Jesus sending out his twelve apostles to do his work that began in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:10:01]]. * **you...your ** - These pronouns refer to the twelve apostles. -* **Whatever city or village you enter ** - Whatever city or village you enter - "Whenever you enter a city or village" or "Every city or village you go into" +* **Whatever city or village you enter ** - "Whenever you enter a city or village" or "Every city or village you go into" * **city...village** - "large village...small village" or "large town...small town." These are the same words as in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:09:35]]. * **stay there until you leave** - "stay in that person's house until you leave the town or village" * **As you enter into the house, greet it** - "As you enter into the house, greet the people who live in it." A common greeting in those days was "Peace be to this house!" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/mat/10/16.md b/mat/10/16.md index 65f46dad0..95e305ec5 100644 --- a/mat/10/16.md +++ b/mat/10/16.md @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ * **Be on your guard against people, for they will deliver you up** - "Beware, because people will deliver you up." * **Be on your guard against** - "Watch out for" or "Be alert for" or "Be very careful about" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **deliver you up to** - This is the word for what Judas did to Jesus (see UDB). Alternative translation: "betray you to" or "give you up to" or "have you arrested and tried by." -* **councils ** - councils - The meaning here is local religious leaders or elders who together keep peace in the community. Alternative translation: "courts." +* **councils ** - The meaning here is local religious leaders or elders who together keep peace in the community. Alternative translation: "courts." * **whip you** - "beat you with a whip" * **you will be brought** - "they will bring you" or "they will drag you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **for my sake** - "because you belong to me" (UDB) or "because you follow me" diff --git a/mat/10/28.md b/mat/10/28.md index ff5b239a8..303fb7d3c 100644 --- a/mat/10/28.md +++ b/mat/10/28.md @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ ## translationWords -* [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:godthefather]] * [[en:tw:hell]] diff --git a/mat/10/32.md b/mat/10/32.md index 493b7cabc..5532e6462 100644 --- a/mat/10/32.md +++ b/mat/10/32.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **confess ** - "acknowledge" (see UDB) * **before men** - "before people" or "before other people" * **my Father who is in heaven ** - Jesus is speaking of God the Father. -* **he who denies me before men ** - he who denies me before men - “he who disowns me before people” or "he who rejects me before people" or “whoever refuses to acknowledge to others that he is my disciple” or “if anyone refuses to say that he is loyal to me.” +* **he who denies me before men ** - “he who disowns me before people” or "he who rejects me before people" or “whoever refuses to acknowledge to others that he is my disciple” or “if anyone refuses to say that he is loyal to me.” diff --git a/mat/10/42.md b/mat/10/42.md index 66bb30dce..9011e5e2e 100644 --- a/mat/10/42.md +++ b/mat/10/42.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ * Jesus finishes explaining to his apostles that he will reward people who help them as they go. * **Whoever gives ** - "Anyone who gives." -* **one of these unimportant ones, even a cup of cold water to drink, because he is a disciple ** - one of these unimportant ones, even a cup of cold water to drink, because he is a disciple - This can also be translated "one of these little ones a cup of cold water because he is a disciple of mine" or "one of the least of my disciples even a drink of cold water." +* **one of these unimportant ones, even a cup of cold water to drink, because he is a disciple ** - This can also be translated "one of these little ones a cup of cold water because he is a disciple of mine" or "one of the least of my disciples even a drink of cold water." * **he will in no way lose his reward** - "that person will certainly receive his reward" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **lose** - "be denied." This has nothing to do with having a possession taken away. diff --git a/mat/11/09.md b/mat/11/09.md index e7e88367d..eeb9d8e2e 100644 --- a/mat/11/09.md +++ b/mat/11/09.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ * Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. * **But what did you go out to see ** - This continues the series of rhetorical questions about John the Baptist. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **But what did you go out to see--a prophet? Yes, I say to you ** - The plural pronoun "you" is referring to the crowd in both cases. +* **But what did you go out to see--a prophet? Yes, I say to you ** - -a prophet? Yes, I say to you ** - The plural pronoun "you" is referring to the crowd in both cases. * **much more than a prophet ** - “not an ordinary prophet” or “more important than a normal prophet” * **This is he ** - "This" refers to John the Baptist. * **he of whom it was written** - The pronoun "he" refers to "my messenger" in the next phrase. diff --git a/mat/11/13.md b/mat/11/13.md index 9342e557b..99a38a773 100644 --- a/mat/11/13.md +++ b/mat/11/13.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to talk to the crowds about John the Baptist. -* **law ** - law - "law of Moses" -* **John ** - John - "John the Baptist" +* **law ** - "law of Moses" +* **John ** - "John the Baptist" * **And if you ** - The pronoun "you" refers to the people in the crowd. * **this is Elijah ** - "This" refers to John the Baptist. This phrase is a metonym saying that John the Baptist corresponds to the prophecy of Elijah in the Old Testament, but it is not saying that John the Baptist is actually Elijah. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **He who has ears to hear, let him hear** - It may be more natural in some languages to use the second person: "You who have ears to hear, hear." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **He who has ears to hear, let him hear** - AT: "You who have ears to hear, hear." * **He who has ears to hear** - "Whoever can hear" or "Whoever hears me" * **let him hear** - "let him listen well" or "let him pay attention to what I say" diff --git a/mat/11/23.md b/mat/11/23.md index 5133d7101..59783a71b 100644 --- a/mat/11/23.md +++ b/mat/11/23.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ * **You, Capernaum** - Jesus now speaks to the people in the city of Capernaum as if they were listening to him, but they were not. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) The pronoun "you" is singular and refers to Capernaum throughout these two verses. * **Capernaum...Sodom ** - The names of these cities are used as metonymies for the people living in Capernaum and in Sodom. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **do you think you will be exalted to heaven?** - This is a rhetorical question in which Jesus rebukes the people of Capernaum for their pride. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) It can be translated with the active form: “will you go up to heaven?” or “do you think that God will honor you?” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **will be exalted ** - will be exalted - “will be honored.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **you will be brought down to hades ** - This can be translated with the active form: "God will bring you down to hades." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **if in Sodom there had been done the great deeds that were done in you ** - if in Sodom there had been done the great deeds that were done in you - This can be translated the active form: "if in Sodom I did the great deeds that I did in you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **mighty deeds ** - mighty deeds - "mighty works" or "works of power" or "miracles" (UDB) +* **will be exalted ** - “will be honored.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **you will be brought down to hades ** - AT: "God will bring you down to hades." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **if in Sodom there had been done the great deeds that were done in you ** - AT: "if in Sodom I did the great deeds that I did in you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **mighty deeds ** - "mighty works" or "works of power" or "miracles" (UDB) * **it would still have remained ** - The pronoun "it" refers to the city of Sodom. * **it shall be easier for the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than for you** - This can be translated “God will show more mercy to the land of Sodom in the day of judgment than to you” or “God will punish you more severely at the day of judgment than the people of Sodom” (see UDB). The implied information is “because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles.” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/mat/11/25.md b/mat/11/25.md index e1502f8f1..c82f2e5d6 100644 --- a/mat/11/25.md +++ b/mat/11/25.md @@ -12,15 +12,15 @@ * Jesus prays to his heavenly Father while still in the presence of the crowd of people. * **Jesus answered and said** - This can mean 1) the disciples Jesus had sent out in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:10:05]] had returned (see [[:en:bible:notes:mat:12:01]]) and Jesus was responding to something someone had said, or 2) Jesus was concluding his condemnation of the unrepentant cities: "Furthermore, Jesus said." -* **O Father ** - O Father - This refers to God the Father, not an earthly father. +* **O Father ** - This refers to God the Father, not an earthly father. * **Lord of heaven and earth** - This can be translated as a metonym, “Master over everyone and everything in heaven and earth,” or as a merism, "Master of the universe." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **you concealed these things from the wise and understanding, and revealed them to those who are untaught, like little children** - It is not clear what is meant by "these things." If your language needs to specify what is meant, an alternative translation might be best: "You have revealed to ignorant people truths that you have not allowed wise and educated people to learn." -* **concealed ** - This verb is the opposite of "revealed." +* **concealed ** - "hid" - This verb is the opposite of "revealed." * **the wise and understanding** - “people who are wise and understanding.” Alternative translation: "people who think they are wise and understanding.” (See UDB, [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_irony]]) * **revealed them** - The pronoun "them" refers to "these things" earlier in this verse. * **to those who are untaught, like little children** - This whole phrase translates one word that combines the meanings of "young children" and "untaught" or "ignorant." Alternative translation: "ignorant little children" -* **like little children ** - like little children - a simile for people who are not wise or well-educated, or people who know that they are not wise and well-educated (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **for so it was well-pleasing in your sight** - “for you saw that it was good to do that” +* **like little children ** - a simile for people who are not wise or well-educated, or people who know that they are not wise and well-educated (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **for so it was well-pleasing in your sight** - pleasing in your sight** - “for you saw that it was good to do that” * **All things have been entrusted to me from my Father** - This can be translated with an active verb: "My Father has entrusted all things to me" or “My Father has handed everything over to me.”(See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **no one knows the Son except the Father** - “Only the Father knows the Son.” * **knows the Son** - “knows from personal experience" diff --git a/mat/12/11.md b/mat/12/11.md index e514a599b..aa3c2229a 100644 --- a/mat/12/11.md +++ b/mat/12/11.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to respond to the Pharisees who criticized him for healing a man on the Sabbath. -* **What man would there be among you, who,...would not grasp...and lift it out?** - What man would there be among you, who,...would not grasp...and lift it out? Alternate translation: "Every one of you...would grasp and lift it out." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **What man would there be among you, who,...would not grasp...and lift it out?** - Alternate translation: "Every one of you...would grasp and lift it out." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **them...you** - the Pharisees * **if he had** - "if that man had" * **lift it out ** - "lift the sheep out of the hole" diff --git a/mat/12/19.md b/mat/12/19.md index b7d4b3fed..f4852fbbe 100644 --- a/mat/12/19.md +++ b/mat/12/19.md @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ ## translationNotes * This account continues to explain how the actions of Jesus fulfilled one of the prophecies of Isaiah. These words are God's words that Isaiah wrote down. -* **He...his** - the "servant" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:18]]. -* **A bruised reed he will not break** - "he will not beat down weak people" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **He will not break any bruised reed ** - "he will not beat down weak people" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **bruised** - "partially broken or damaged" -* **smoking flax** - smoking flax- a lamp wick after the flame has been blown out, representing people who are helpless or doomed (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **smoking flax** - a lamp wick after the flame has been blown out, representing people who are helpless or doomed (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Until** - This can be translated with a new sentence: "This is what he will do until " * **he sends forth judgment to victory** - "he convinces people that I am just" +* **in his name** - AT: "in him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/mat/12/24.md b/mat/12/24.md index 76667ebb2..5964346a1 100644 --- a/mat/12/24.md +++ b/mat/12/24.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * This continues an account of the Pharisees saying that it was by the power of Satan that Jesus healed a man. * **this miracle** - the miracle of the healing of a blind, deaf, and demon-possessed man. -* **This man does not cast out demons except by Beelzebub** - This man does not cast out demons except by Beelzebub- "This man is only able to cast out the demon because he is a servant of Beelzebub" +* **This man does not cast out demons except by Beelzebub** - "This man is only able to cast out the demon because he is a servant of Beelzebub" * **This man** - The Pharisees avoid calling Jesus by name to show that they reject him. -* **their...them ** - their...them - the Pharisees +* **their...them ** - the Pharisees diff --git a/mat/12/33.md b/mat/12/33.md index d4880ab07..6262688f3 100644 --- a/mat/12/33.md +++ b/mat/12/33.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **a tree is known by its fruit ** - This can mean 1) "people know whether a tree is healthy or not by looking at its fruit" or 2) "people know what species a tree is by looking at its fruit." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **You...you** - the Pharisees * **out of the content of the heart the mouth speaks** - "a person can only say what is in his heart" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **good treasure...evil treasure** - good treasure...evil treasure- "righteous thoughts...evil thoughts" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **good treasure...evil treasure** - "righteous thoughts...evil thoughts" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/mat/13/03.md b/mat/13/03.md index 51db9bc35..76642fddf 100644 --- a/mat/13/03.md +++ b/mat/13/03.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus tells a large crowd of people different parables that describe what the kingdom of God is like. -* **Jesus said many things to them in parables ** - Jesus said many things to them in parables - "Jesus told them many things in parables" +* **Jesus said many things to them in parables ** - "Jesus told them many things in parables" * **to them** - to the people in the crowd * **Behold ** - Alternate translations: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you.” * **A sower went out to sow** - “A farmer went out to scatter some seeds in a field.” diff --git a/mat/13/07.md b/mat/13/07.md index efb351fb4..439c0ee52 100644 --- a/mat/13/07.md +++ b/mat/13/07.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **fell among the thorn plants** - "fell where thorn plants would also grow" * **choked them** - "choked the new sprouts." Use the usual word for the way weeds prevent other plants from growing well. * **produced grain ** - "produced a crop" or "grew more seeds" or "gave fruit" -* **He who has ears, let him listen** - It may be more natural in some languages to use the second person: "You who have ears to listen, listen." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **He who has ears, let him listen** - AT: "You who have ears to listen, listen." * **He who has ears** - "Whoever can hear" or "Whoever hears me" * **let him listen** - "let him listen well" or "let him pay attention to what I say" diff --git a/mat/13/13.md b/mat/13/13.md index 72feee399..8a9d87db6 100644 --- a/mat/13/13.md +++ b/mat/13/13.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * Jesus continues to tell a large crowd of people different parables that describe what the kingdom of God is like. * **I talk to them** - The pronoun"them" here is referring to the people in the crowd throughout these two verses. * **because although they see, they do not really see, and although they hear, they do not really hear** - Jesus uses this parallelism to tell the disciples that the crowd refuses to understand. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **although they see, they do not really see** - “though they see, they do not perceive.” If the verbs require an object, it could be translated as “though they see things, they do not understand them” or “though they see things happen, they do not understand what they mean.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) +* **although they see, they do not really see** - “though they see, they do not perceive.” If the verbs require an object, this could be translated as “though they see things, they do not understand them” or “though they see things happen, they do not understand what they mean.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_verbs]]) * **although they hear, they do not really hear, neither do they understand** - “though they hear, they do not understand.” If the verbs require an object, it could be translated as “though they hear instruction, they do not understand the truth.” * **While hearing you will hear, but you will in no way understand; While seeing you will see, but you will in no way perceive** - This begins a quote from the prophet Isaiah about the unbelieving people of Isaiah's day. Jesus is using this quote to describe the crowd that was listening to Him. This is another parallelism. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **While hearing you will hear, but you will in no way understand** - This can be translated "You will hear, but you will not understand." If the verbs require an object, it could be translated as "You will hear things, but you will not understand them." diff --git a/mat/13/18.md b/mat/13/18.md index 84761cd6b..3632e8a80 100644 --- a/mat/13/18.md +++ b/mat/13/18.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* Jesus continues to tell a large crowd of people different parables that describe what the kingdom of God is like. Here he is explaining the parable he told in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:03]]-[[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:07]]. +* [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:07]]. * **the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart** - "Satan causes him to forget the word of God that he has heard". * **snatches away ** - Try to use a word that means to grab something away from someone who is the rightful owner. -* **what has been sown in his heart** - This can be translated with the active form: "the word God sowed in his heart." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] +* **what has been sown in his heart** - This can be translated with the active form: "the word God sowed in his heart." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **in his heart** - in the heart of the hearer * **This is he who was sown on the wayside** - If a literal translation makes no sense, try to translate so the reader understands that Jesus is the sower, the message is the seed, and the hearer is the soil on the wayside. Possible translation: "This is how it is with what was sown on the wayside." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) -* **wayside ** - wayside - "road" or "path." Translate this as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:03]]. +* **wayside ** - "road" or "path." Translate this as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:03]]. diff --git a/mat/13/20.md b/mat/13/20.md index 9ba4558eb..18dabb49f 100644 --- a/mat/13/20.md +++ b/mat/13/20.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Jesus continues to tell a large crowd of people different parables that describe what the kingdom of God is like. Here he is explaining the parable he told in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:03]]-[[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:07]]. +* [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:07]]. * **He who was sown on the rocky ground** - If a literal translation makes no sense, try to translate so the reader understands that Jesus is the sower, the message is the seed, and the hearer is the rocky ground. Possible translation: "This is how it is with what was sown on the rocky ground." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) * **he has no root** - "he has shallow roots" or "he allows the young plant no place for its roots" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **because of the word ** - "because of the message" diff --git a/mat/13/22.md b/mat/13/22.md index 985595451..c7aa8f2e9 100644 --- a/mat/13/22.md +++ b/mat/13/22.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Jesus continues to tell a large crowd of people different parables that describe what the kingdom of God is like. Here he is explaining the parable he told in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:03]]-[[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:07]]. +* [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:07]]. * **He who was sown among the thorn plants...He who was sown on the good soil** - If a literal translation makes no sense, try to translate so the reader understands that Jesus is the sower, the message is the seed, and the hearer is the ground with thorn plants. Possible translation: "This is how it is with what was sown on the ground with thorn plants...This is how it is with what was sown on the good soil." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) * **the word** - "the message" * **the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful** - This can be translated "as weeds prevent good plants from growing, the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches keep this person from becoming fruitful” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/mat/13/27.md b/mat/13/27.md index 6c1491094..2f5a19c13 100644 --- a/mat/13/27.md +++ b/mat/13/27.md @@ -11,4 +11,3 @@ * **did you not sow good seed in your field?** - "you sowed good seed in your field." The landowner probably had his servants plant the seeds (see UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [en:ta:translate:metonymy]]). * **He said to them** - "The landowner said to the servants" * **So do you want us** - The word "us" refers to the servants. -* **gather them up** - "pull the weeds up" to throw them away (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/mat/13/34.md b/mat/13/34.md index f5d3fd80e..b07ac696d 100644 --- a/mat/13/34.md +++ b/mat/13/34.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **All these things Jesus said to the crowds in parables; and without parables he said nothing to them** - The order "said...parables...parables...said" is meant to emphasize that he spoke to them in parables. * **All these things** - This refers to what Jesus taught beginning at [[:en:bible:notes:mat:13:01]]. * **without parables he said nothing to them** - "he taught them nothing except by parables." Alternate translation: "everything he said to them he said in parables." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **what had been said through the prophet might come true, when he said ** - what had been said through the prophet might come true, when he said - This can be translated with an active verb: "he made come true what God told one of the prophets to write long ago" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **what had been said through the prophet might come true, when he said ** - This can be translated with an active verb: "he made come true what God told one of the prophets to write long ago" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **when he said** - "when the prophet said" * **things that were hidden** - This can be translated with an active verb: "things that God has kept hidden".(See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **from the foundation of the world** - "since the beginning of the world" or "since God created the world." diff --git a/mat/13/40.md b/mat/13/40.md index ccbcbec55..fd3528f43 100644 --- a/mat/13/40.md +++ b/mat/13/40.md @@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ * **end of the world** - "end of the age" * **The Son of Man will send forth his angels** - Jesus is here speaking of himself. This can be translated "I, the Son of Man, will send forth my angels." * **those who commit iniquity** - "those who do lawlessness" or "evil people" -* **furnace of fire ** - furnace of fire - This can be translated "fiery furnace." If "furnace" is not known, "oven" can be used. +* **furnace of fire ** - This can be translated "fiery furnace." If "furnace" is not known, "oven" can be used. * **shine forth like the sun** - "be as easy to see as the sun" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **He who has ears, let him listen** - It may be more natural in some languages to use the second person: "You who have ears, listen" or "You have ears, so listen." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **He who has ears, let him listen** - AT: "You who have ears, listen" or "You have ears, so listen." diff --git a/mat/13/47.md b/mat/13/47.md index 3dbba6cc7..571cb768d 100644 --- a/mat/13/47.md +++ b/mat/13/47.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **gathered creatures of every kind** - "caught all kinds of fish" * **drew it up on the beach** - "pulled the net up onto the beach" or "pulled the net ashore" * **the good things** - "the good ones" -* **the worthless things ** - the worthless things - "the bad fish" or "the inedible fish" +* **the worthless things ** - "the bad fish" or "the inedible fish" * **threw away** - "did not keep" diff --git a/mat/14/01.md b/mat/14/01.md index 66198565d..b86e64c0e 100644 --- a/mat/14/01.md +++ b/mat/14/01.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* The events in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:14:03]]-[[:en:bible:notes:mat:14:11]] happened before the events described here. +* 12]] happened before the events described here. * **About that time** - "In those days" or "While Jesus was ministering in Galilee." * **Herod the tetrarch** - Herod Antipas, ruler of one-fourth of Israel (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **heard the news about Jesus** - "heard reports about Jesus" or "heard about the fame of Jesus" diff --git a/mat/15/01.md b/mat/15/01.md index fb93e662d..dab6235bb 100644 --- a/mat/15/01.md +++ b/mat/15/01.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * This begins an encounter between Jesus and the religious leaders. * **violate the traditions of the elders** - "do not respect the rules given by the older religious leaders." -* **wash their hands** - wash their hands- "they do not wash their hands in the ceremony required by our law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **wash their hands** - "they do not wash their hands in the ceremony required by our law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/mat/16/21.md b/mat/16/21.md index 9cde1bd5c..315421ebe 100644 --- a/mat/16/21.md +++ b/mat/16/21.md @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ * Jesus begins to tell his disciples the cost of following him. * **From that time** - After Jesus commanded his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Christ, he began sharing God's plan for himself. * **be killed,** - AT: "they would kill him" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **be raised back to life on the third day ** - be raised back to life on the third day - "on the third day, God would make him alive again" +* **be raised back to life on the third day ** - "on the third day, God would make him alive again" diff --git a/mat/16/27.md b/mat/16/27.md index 4cd7a54c4..31f6b1bcc 100644 --- a/mat/16/27.md +++ b/mat/16/27.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * Jesus continues to tell his disciples the cost of following him. * **will not taste death until they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom** - "will see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom before they die" * **will not taste death** - "will not experience death" or" will not die" -* **the Son of Man coming in his kingdom** - "until they see me coming in my kingdom" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **the Son of Man coming in his kingdom** - Jesus was referring to himself in the third person. AT:"until they see me coming in my kingdom." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) diff --git a/mat/17/24.md b/mat/17/24.md index a590f45aa..b3ad032e6 100644 --- a/mat/17/24.md +++ b/mat/17/24.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * This begins an account of Jesus paying the temple tax. * **When they** - when Jesus and his disciples -* **half-shekel tax** - a tax on all Jewish males that was first given as an offering to the Lord (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) +* **half-shekel tax** - shekel tax** - a tax on all Jewish males that was first given as an offering to the Lord (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) * **the house** - the place where Jesus was staying. * **The kings on earth** - leaders in general * **subjects** - people under a ruler or king diff --git a/mat/18/10.md b/mat/18/10.md index f82ab261c..3caa8f211 100644 --- a/mat/18/10.md +++ b/mat/18/10.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to use a little child as an example for the disciples. -* **despise** - despise- "strongly dislike" or "think of as unimportant" +* **despise** - "strongly dislike" or "think of as unimportant" * **their angels** - "the angels of the children" * **always look on the face of** - "are always close to" diff --git a/mat/18/12.md b/mat/18/12.md index 4a65d4574..d5f0524f0 100644 --- a/mat/18/12.md +++ b/mat/18/12.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * Jesus continues to use a little child as an example for the disciples. * **What do you think?** - Think of how people act." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **does he not leave...and go off seeking...?** - "he will always leave...and go off seeking..." -* **ninety-nine** - "99" +* **ninety-nine** - nine** - "99" * **it is not the will of your Father in heaven that one of these little ones should perish** - "Your Father in heaven wants all of these little ones to live" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/mat/19/07.md b/mat/19/07.md index 04b454274..050be35c2 100644 --- a/mat/19/07.md +++ b/mat/19/07.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **command us** - "command us Jews" * **certificate of divorce** - document that legally ends the marriage * **from the beginning it was not that way** - "when God created the man and woman he did not plan for them to ever divorce" -* **except for fornication** - "except for sexual unfaithfulness" +* **except for sexual immorality ** - "except for sexual unfaithfulness" * **and the man who marries a woman who is divorced commits adultery** - Many early texts do not include these words. diff --git a/mat/21/04.md b/mat/21/04.md index fbd5a8c69..f71b98c19 100644 --- a/mat/21/04.md +++ b/mat/21/04.md @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ ## translationWords +* [[en:tw:daughterofzion]] * [[en:tw:donkey]] * [[en:tw:fulfill]] * [[en:tw:humble]] * [[en:tw:king]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] -* [[en:tw:zion]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/mat/22/23.md b/mat/22/23.md index ede26b47c..4eeaf1f90 100644 --- a/mat/22/23.md +++ b/mat/22/23.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * The religious leaders continue to try to trap Jesus about his views on divorce. * **Teacher, Moses said, 'If a man dies,….'** - They were asking him about what Moses wrote in the scriptures. If your language does not allow quotes within quotes, this could be stated as an indirect quote: "Moses said that if a man dies…." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations * ]]) -* **his brother...his wife...his brother** - his brother...his wife...his brother- the dead man's +* **his brother...his wife...his brother** - the dead man's diff --git a/mat/22/31.md b/mat/22/31.md index 0af6d66f2..594cab6a2 100644 --- a/mat/22/31.md +++ b/mat/22/31.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes * The religious leaders continue to try to trap Jesus about his views on divorce. -* **have you not read what...Jacob'?** - have you not read what...Jacob'?- AT: "I know you have read it, but you do not seem to understand what...Jacob.' (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **what was spoken to you by God ** - what was spoken to you by God - AT: "what God spoke to you" (See:[[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **have you not read what...Jacob'?** - AT: "I know you have read it, but you do not seem to understand what...Jacob.' (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **what was spoken to you by God ** - AT: "what God spoke to you" (See:[[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **God, saying, 'I am...Jacob'?** - This is a quote within a quote. "God said to Moses that he, God, is the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) diff --git a/mat/22/43.md b/mat/22/43.md index 5c5b609d8..8e1932ac4 100644 --- a/mat/22/43.md +++ b/mat/22/43.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to question the religious leaders about the Messiah. -* **at my right hand ** - at my right hand - The "right hand" is often used to indicate a place of honor. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **at my right hand ** - The "right hand" is often used to indicate a place of honor. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **until I make your enemies your footstool** - "Until I conquer your enemies" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/mat/23/04.md b/mat/23/04.md index 902b5e9e3..275abdb35 100644 --- a/mat/23/04.md +++ b/mat/23/04.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to warn his followers not to be like the religious leaders. -* **they bind heavy burdens that are difficult to carry ** - they bind heavy burdens that are difficult to carry - "They place on you many rules that are difficult to follow." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **they bind heavy burdens that are difficult to carry ** - "They place on you many rules that are difficult to follow." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **they themselves will not move a finger** - "they will not give the least amount of help" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **phylacteries** - small leather boxes containing paper with Scripture written on it diff --git a/mat/23/37.md b/mat/23/37.md index 064c0a656..2612e3bcb 100644 --- a/mat/23/37.md +++ b/mat/23/37.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus says that he is sad because the people of Jerusalem have rejected God. -* **Jerusalem, Jerusalem ** - Jerusalem, Jerusalem - Jesus speaks to the people of Jerusalem as though they were the city itself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Jerusalem, Jerusalem ** - Jesus speaks to the people of Jerusalem as though they were the city itself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **your children** - all of Israel (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **your house is left to you abandoned** - AT: "God will leave your house, and it will be empty" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **your house** - Possible meanings: 1) the city of Jerusalem (see UDB) or 2) the temple. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/mat/24/09.md b/mat/24/09.md index 5572c3656..bb9d2fdb3 100644 --- a/mat/24/09.md +++ b/mat/24/09.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to tell the disciples about the end times. -* **they will deliver you up ** - they will deliver you up - "People who want to persecute you will deliver you up" +* **they will deliver you up ** - "People who want to persecute you will deliver you up" * **deliver you up** - Translate this as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:10:16]]. diff --git a/mat/24/12.md b/mat/24/12.md index ddd324340..b4ce1b726 100644 --- a/mat/24/12.md +++ b/mat/24/12.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to talk with his disciples about the end times. -* **the love of many will grow cold** - Possible meanings: 1) "many people will no longer love other people" (see UDB) or 2) "many people will no longer love God" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **the love of many will be extinguished** - Possible meanings: 1) "many people will no longer love other people" (see UDB) or 2) "many people will no longer love God" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **all the nations** - AT: "all people in all places" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/mat/24/19.md b/mat/24/19.md index 643019005..5b08ca510 100644 --- a/mat/24/19.md +++ b/mat/24/19.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to tell his disciples what will happen before he comes again. -* **those who are with child ** - those who are with child - pregnant women (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **those who are with child ** - pregnant women (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **winter** - "the cold season" * **flesh** - people (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/mat/24/29.md b/mat/24/29.md index a5f0d9be7..e58af7fc7 100644 --- a/mat/24/29.md +++ b/mat/24/29.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **immediately** - "right away" * **those days** - the days described in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:24:32]] * **the sun will be darkened** - "God will make the sun dark" (See: Active/Passive) -* **the powers of the heavens will be shaken ** - the powers of the heavens will be shaken - "God will shake things in the sky and above the sky" (See: Active/Passive) +* **the powers of the heavens will be shaken ** - "God will shake things in the sky and above the sky" (See: Active/Passive) diff --git a/mat/24/48.md b/mat/24/48.md index d3476ee26..b19dc594e 100644 --- a/mat/24/48.md +++ b/mat/24/48.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to tell his disciples how to get ready for his return. -* **says in his heart ** - says in his heart - "thinks in his mind" +* **says in his heart ** - "thinks in his mind" * **make his fate** - "to treat him" diff --git a/mat/25/01.md b/mat/25/01.md index 411e3743b..0f58853e7 100644 --- a/mat/25/01.md +++ b/mat/25/01.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus begins to tell a parable about wise and foolish virgins. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_parables]]) -* **lamps ** - lamps - These could have been 1) lamps (see UDB) or 2) torches made by putting cloth around the end of a stick and wetting the cloth with oil. -* **Five of them ** - Five of them - "Five of the virgins" +* **lamps ** - These could have been 1) lamps (see UDB) or 2) torches made by putting cloth around the end of a stick and wetting the cloth with oil. +* **Five of them ** - "Five of the virgins" * **did not take any oil with them** - "had with them only the oil in their lamps" diff --git a/mat/25/07.md b/mat/25/07.md index 646d6ac69..f36c7b587 100644 --- a/mat/25/07.md +++ b/mat/25/07.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to tell a parable about wise and foolish virgins. -* **trimmed their lamps ** - trimmed their lamps - "adjusted their lamps so they would burn brightly" +* **trimmed their lamps ** - "adjusted their lamps so they would burn brightly" * **The foolish said to the wise** - "The foolish virgins said to the wise virgins" * **our lamps are going out ** - “the fire in our lamps is no longer burning brightly” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/mat/25/19.md b/mat/25/19.md index 11706a1cf..c202c11fa 100644 --- a/mat/25/19.md +++ b/mat/25/19.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * Jesus continues to tell a parable about faithful and unfaithful servants. * **I have made five more talents** - "I have earned five more talents" * **talents** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:25:14]]. -* **Well done ** - Well done - "You have done well" or "You have done right." Your culture might have an expression that a master (or someone in authority) would use to show that he approves of what his servant (or someone under him) has done. +* **Well done ** - "You have done well" or "You have done right." Your culture might have an expression that a master (or someone in authority) would use to show that he approves of what his servant (or someone under him) has done. diff --git a/mat/25/24.md b/mat/25/24.md index 1922301ad..1b6c3b402 100644 --- a/mat/25/24.md +++ b/mat/25/24.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * Jesus continues to tell a parable about faithful and unfaithful servants. * **you reap where you did not sow, and you harvest where you did not scatter** - AT: "you gather garden food from gardens in which you paid someone else to put the seed in the ground" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **scatter ** - scatter - In those days they often threw small amounts of seed around instead of planting in rows. +* **scatter ** - In those days they often threw small amounts of seed around instead of planting in rows. * **See, you have here what belongs to you** - "Look, here is what is yours" diff --git a/mat/25/26.md b/mat/25/26.md index 1f481da67..2e4b3a7db 100644 --- a/mat/25/26.md +++ b/mat/25/26.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **You wicked and lazy servant** - "You are a wicked servant who does not want to work" * **I reap where I have not sowed and harvest where I have not scattered** - See how you translated this idea in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:25:24]] * **received back my own** - "received back my own gold" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) -* **interest** - interest- payment from the banker for the temporary use of the master's money +* **interest** - payment from the banker for the temporary use of the master's money diff --git a/mat/25/31.md b/mat/25/31.md index 7428f8718..6546b13f2 100644 --- a/mat/25/31.md +++ b/mat/25/31.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * Jesus begins to tell his disciples how he will judge people at the end of the age. * **Before him will be gathered all the nations** - AT: "He will gather all the nations before him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Before him** - "In front of him" -* **all the nations ** - all the nations - "all people from every country" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **goats - ** - Goats are medium-sized four-footed mammals that are similar to sheep, often domesticated or herded like sheep. +* **all the nations ** - "all people from every country" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **goats - ** - ** Goats are medium-sized four-footed mammals that are similar to sheep, often domesticated or herded like sheep. * **He will place** - "the Son of Man will place" diff --git a/mat/25/34.md b/mat/25/34.md index dce06cfb5..dcaf25149 100644 --- a/mat/25/34.md +++ b/mat/25/34.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to tell his disciples how he will judge people at the end of the age. -* **the King** - the King- "the Son of Man" ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:25:31]]) +* **the King** - "the Son of Man" ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:25:31]]) * **those on his right hand** - the "sheep" ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:25:31]]) * **Come, you who have been blessed by my Father ** - AT: "Come, you whom my Father has blessed" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **inherit the kingdom prepared for you** - AT: "inherit the kingdom that God has made ready for you" diff --git a/mat/26/17.md b/mat/26/17.md index 20d505ea3..4e7169113 100644 --- a/mat/26/17.md +++ b/mat/26/17.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * Jesus gets ready to eat the Passover meal with his disciples. * **He said, "Go into the city to a certain man and say to him, 'The Teacher says, "My time is at hand; I will keep the Passover at your house with my disciples."'"** - Jesus is telling his disciples to tell another man Jesus' message to that man. AT: “He told his disciples to go into the city to a certain man and tell him that the Teacher says to him, 'My time is at hand. I will keep the Passover at your house with my disciples.'” or “He told his disciples to go into the city to a certain man and say to him that the Teacher says his time is at hand and he will keep the Passover with his disciples at that man's house.” * **My time** - Possible meanings: 1) "The time that I told you about" (UDB) or 2) "The time God has set for me." -* **is at hand ** - is at hand - Possible meanings: 1) "is near" (UDB) or 2) "has come." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **is at hand ** - Possible meanings: 1) "is near" (UDB) or 2) "has come." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **keep the Passover** - "eat the Passover meal" or "celebrate the Passover by eating the special meal" diff --git a/mat/26/30.md b/mat/26/30.md index bf4ded642..4cc49a8da 100644 --- a/mat/26/30.md +++ b/mat/26/30.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to teach his disciples as they walk to the Mount of Olives. -* **hymn ** - hymn - a song of praise to God -* **fall away ** - fall away - "leave me" +* **hymn ** - a song of praise to God +* **fall away ** - "leave me" * **the sheep of the flock will be scattered** - AT: 1) "they will scatter all the sheep of the flock" (UDB) or 2) "the sheep of the flock will run off in all directions." * **sheep of the flock** - the disciples (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **after I am raised up** - AT: "after God raises me up" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/mat/26/33.md b/mat/26/33.md index 8f49039dc..3bfa00d9b 100644 --- a/mat/26/33.md +++ b/mat/26/33.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues to teach his disciples as they walk to the Mount of Olives. -* **fall away ** - fall away - Translate this as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:26:30]]. +* **fall away ** - Translate this as you did in [[:en:bible:notes:mat:26:30]]. * **before the rooster crows** - AT: "before the sun comes up" * **rooster** - a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up * **crows** - the sound a rooster makes diff --git a/mat/26/39.md b/mat/26/39.md index 1c0cf8566..d06001ce1 100644 --- a/mat/26/39.md +++ b/mat/26/39.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes * This begins the account of Jesus praying in the garden of Gethsemane. -* **fell on his face ** - fell on his face - purposely lay face down on the ground to pray (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **fell on his face ** - purposely lay face down on the ground to pray (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/mat/26/47.md b/mat/26/47.md index 8922d4eff..b556f3105 100644 --- a/mat/26/47.md +++ b/mat/26/47.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of Jesus praying in the garden of Gethsemane. -* **While he was still speaking ** - While he was still speaking - "While Jesus was still speaking" +* **While he was still speaking ** - "While Jesus was still speaking" * **saying, "Whomever I kiss, he is the one. Seize him."** - "saying that whomever he kissed was the one they should seize." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) * **Whomever I kiss** - "The one I will kiss" or "The man whom I will kiss" (UDB) -* **kiss ** - kiss - a respectful way to greet one's teacher +* **kiss ** - a respectful way to greet one's teacher diff --git a/mat/26/49.md b/mat/26/49.md index 75624c0e9..b665b8ccd 100644 --- a/mat/26/49.md +++ b/mat/26/49.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This begins the account of the arrest of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane. -* **he came up to Jesus ** - he came up to Jesus - "Judas came up to Jesus" -* **kissed him ** - kissed him - "met him with a kiss" +* **he came up to Jesus ** - "Judas came up to Jesus" +* **kissed him ** - "met him with a kiss" * **laid hands on Jesus** - took hold of Jesus planning to harm him (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **seized him** - made him a prisoner diff --git a/mat/26/51.md b/mat/26/51.md index dedd46f72..293960031 100644 --- a/mat/26/51.md +++ b/mat/26/51.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ * This continues the account of the arrest of Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane. * **Behold** - The writer is bringing a new person into the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. -* **Do you think that I could not call upon my Father, and he would send me more than twelve legions of angels?** - Do you think that I could not call upon my Father, and he would send me more than twelve legions of angels?- AT: "You should know that I could call upon my Father, and he would send me more than twelve legions of angels." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **more than twelve legions of angels ** - more than twelve legions of angels - The exact number of angels is not important. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **Do you think that I could not call upon my Father, and he would send me more than twelve legions of angels?** - AT: "You should know that I could call upon my Father, and he would send me more than twelve legions of angels." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **more than twelve legions of angels ** - The exact number of angels is not important. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **legions** - divisions of the Roman army of about six thousand soldiers (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) diff --git a/mat/26/59.md b/mat/26/59.md index e41789ad3..cadbd68ee 100644 --- a/mat/26/59.md +++ b/mat/26/59.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of Jesus being questioned by the high priest. -* **two came forward ** - two came forward - "two men came forward" (UDB) or "two witnesses came forward" +* **two came forward ** - "two men came forward" (UDB) or "two witnesses came forward" * **said, "This man said, 'I am able to destroy the temple of God and rebuild it in three days.'"** - AT: "testified that they heard Jesus say he was able to destroy the temple of God and rebuild it in three days." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) -* **This man said ** - This man said - "This man Jesus said" +* **This man said ** - "This man Jesus said" diff --git a/mat/26/62.md b/mat/26/62.md index 839e1317a..e19ac6b85 100644 --- a/mat/26/62.md +++ b/mat/26/62.md @@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of Jesus being questioned by the high priest. -* **they are testifying against you ** - they are testifying against you - "these witnesses are testifying against you" -* **tell us whether you are the Christ ** - tell us whether you are the Christ - "tell us if you are the Christ" +* **they are testifying against you ** - "these witnesses are testifying against you" +* **tell us whether you are the Christ ** - "tell us if you are the Christ" * **You have said it yourself** - "As you have said, I am" or "You have just admitted it" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **but I tell you, from now on you ** - Jesus is speaking to the high priest and to the other persons there. -* **from now on you will see the Son of Man** - from now on you will see the Son of Man- Possible meanings: 1) they will see the Son of Man at some time in the future (see UDB) or 2) by "now" Jesus means the time of his death, his coming back from the dead, and his going up to heaven. +* **from now on you will see the Son of Man** - Possible meanings: 1) they will see the Son of Man at some time in the future (see UDB) or 2) by "now" Jesus means the time of his death, his coming back from the dead, and his going up to heaven. * **at the right hand of Power** - "at the right hand of Almighty God" * **coming on the clouds of heaven** - "riding to earth on the clouds of heaven" diff --git a/mat/26/73.md b/mat/26/73.md index 800dc1ab2..e66530189 100644 --- a/mat/26/73.md +++ b/mat/26/73.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of how Peter denies he knows Jesus. -* **one of them ** - one of them - "one of those who were with Jesus" -* **for your accent gives you away ** - for your accent gives you away - "we can tell you are from Galilee because you speak like a Galilean" -* **curse ** - curse - "call down a curse on himself" +* **one of them ** - "one of those who were with Jesus" +* **for your accent gives you away ** - "we can tell you are from Galilee because you speak like a Galilean" +* **curse ** - "call down a curse on himself" * **swear, "I do not know the man,"** - AT: "that he did not know the man," (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) diff --git a/mat/27/03.md b/mat/27/03.md index 8b3ab1819..56c17e271 100644 --- a/mat/27/03.md +++ b/mat/27/03.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* The author has stopped telling the story of the arrest of Jesus so he can tell the story of how Judas killed himself (27:3-[[:en:bible:notes:mat:27:09]]). +* [[:en:bible:notes:mat:27:09]]). * **Then when Judas** - If your language has a way of showing that the story is breaking off and a new story is starting, you may want to use that here. * **the thirty pieces of silver** - the money that the chief priests had given Judas to betray Jesus ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:26:14]]) * **innocent blood** - "a person who does not deserve to die" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/mat/27/06.md b/mat/27/06.md index 5518042c5..f9d1dd96d 100644 --- a/mat/27/06.md +++ b/mat/27/06.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of how Judas killed himself. -* **It is not lawful to put this ** - It is not lawful to put this - "Our laws do not allow us to put this" +* **It is not lawful to put this ** - "Our laws do not allow us to put this" * **put this** - "put this silver" * **price of blood** - money paid for a man to die (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and UDB) * **Potter's Field** - This was a field that was bought to bury strangers who died in Jerusalem. (See UDB) diff --git a/mat/27/11.md b/mat/27/11.md index cfa3bbc57..88282f285 100644 --- a/mat/27/11.md +++ b/mat/27/11.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ * This continues the story of the trial of Jesus before the Roman governor from [[:en:bible:notes:mat:27:01]]. * **Now** - If your language has a way of continuing a story after a break, you may want to use it here. -* **the governor ** - the governor - Pilate ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:27:01]]) +* **the governor ** - Pilate ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:27:01]]) * **You say so** - "You are admitting it" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **But when he was accused by the chief priests and elders** - AT: "But when the chief priests and elders accused him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Do you not hear all the charges against you?** - "I am surprised that you do not answer these people who accuse you of doing bad things!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **one word, so that the governor was greatly amazed ** - one word, so that the governor was greatly amazed - AT: "one word; this greatly amazed the governor." +* **one word, so that the governor was greatly amazed ** - AT: "one word; this greatly amazed the governor." diff --git a/mat/27/23.md b/mat/27/23.md index 1b1b1b9aa..c423b54b4 100644 --- a/mat/27/23.md +++ b/mat/27/23.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of the trial of Jesus before the Roman governor. -* **has he done ** - has he done - "has Jesus done" +* **has he done ** - "has Jesus done" * **they cried out** - "the crowd cried out" * **the blood** - "the death" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/mat/27/51.md b/mat/27/51.md index eadca2569..a03eb9c91 100644 --- a/mat/27/51.md +++ b/mat/27/51.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * This begins the account of the events that happened when Jesus died. * **Behold** - The writer is telling the reader to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. -* **The tombs were opened, and the bodies of many saints who had fallen asleep were raised** - The tombs were opened, and the bodies of many saints who had fallen asleep were raised "God opened the tombs and raised the bodies of many saints that had died" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **The tombs were opened, and the bodies of many saints who had fallen asleep were raised** - "God opened the tombs and raised the bodies of many saints that had died" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **fallen asleep** - "died" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) * **The tombs were opened … appeared to many** - The order of events is unclear. Possible orders: After the earthquake when Jesus died and the tombs were opened 1) the saints were raised, Jesus was resurrected, and the saints entered the city and were seen by many people, or 2) Jesus was resurrected, and the saints were raised, entered the city, and were seen by many people. diff --git a/mat/27/59.md b/mat/27/59.md index 61c077616..89de2bcde 100644 --- a/mat/27/59.md +++ b/mat/27/59.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of the burial of Jesus. -* **linen** - linen- a fine cloth that cost much to buy +* **linen** - a fine cloth that cost much to buy * **opposite the tomb** - "across from the tomb" diff --git a/mat/28/01.md b/mat/28/01.md index ec4dae232..efcccf81f 100644 --- a/mat/28/01.md +++ b/mat/28/01.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **the other Mary** - "the other woman named Mary," Mary the mother of James and Joseph ([[:en:bible:notes:mat:27:54]]) * **Behold** - The writer is telling the reader that something surprising is about to happen. Your language may have a way of doing this. * **there was a great earthquake, for an angel of the Lord descended ... and rolled away the stone** - Possible meanings: 1) the earthquake happened because the angel came down and rolled away the stone (ULB) or 2) all these events happened at the same time (UDB). -* **earthquake ** - earthquake - a sudden and violent shaking of the ground +* **earthquake ** - a sudden and violent shaking of the ground diff --git a/mat/28/03.md b/mat/28/03.md index 8ce294ec9..60d888dd8 100644 --- a/mat/28/03.md +++ b/mat/28/03.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead. -* **His appearance ** - His appearance - "The angel's appearance" +* **His appearance ** - "The angel's appearance" * **was like lightning** - "was bright like lightning" * **white as snow** - "extremely bright" * **like dead men** - "unable to move" diff --git a/mat/28/05.md b/mat/28/05.md index b07daf2e5..dd0e09fcd 100644 --- a/mat/28/05.md +++ b/mat/28/05.md @@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ * This continues the account of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead. * **the women** - "Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary" * **who has been crucified** - "whom the people and the soldiers crucified" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **but is risen** - "but God has raised him" (See: Active/Passive) +* **but is risen** - "but God has raised him" diff --git a/mat/28/08.md b/mat/28/08.md index 002147d60..493bf11e7 100644 --- a/mat/28/08.md +++ b/mat/28/08.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * This continues the account of the resurrection of Jesus from the dead. -* **The women ** - The women - "Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary" +* **The women ** - "Mary Magdalene and the other woman named Mary" * **Behold** - The writer is telling the reader that something surprising is about to happen. Your language may have a way of doing this. -* **took hold of his feet ** - took hold of his feet - "got down on their knees and held on to his feet" -* **my brothers ** - my brothers - Jesus' disciples +* **took hold of his feet ** - "got down on their knees and held on to his feet" +* **my brothers ** - Jesus' disciples diff --git a/mic/01/02.md b/mic/01/02.md index 115e877ff..d7adee507 100644 --- a/mic/01/02.md +++ b/mic/01/02.md @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Micah 1:2-7 is about God's judgment on Samaria. +* 7 is about God's judgment on Samaria. * **Listen, all you peoples. Listen, earth, and all that is in you** - This begins Micah's prophecy. Both of these clauses mean the same thing and are used for emphasis. Micah speaks as if all the people of the earth were there listening to him. (see: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] ) * **he will come down and tread on the pagan shrines on the earth** - AT: he will completely destroy the pagan shrines on the earth as if he were crushing them with his feet" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **The mountains will melt under him; the valleys will break apart like wax before fire, like waters that are poured down a steep place.** - This means when God comes to destroy the pagan shrines nothing will be able to stop him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/mic/01/06.md b/mic/01/06.md index c08a6d5ec..84de06f5a 100644 --- a/mic/01/06.md +++ b/mic/01/06.md @@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ * [[en:tw:image]] * [[en:tw:image|image, carved figure]] * [[en:tw:prostitute]] -* [[en:tw:prostitute|prostitute, harlot, whore]] * [[en:tw:ruin]] * [[en:tw:ruin]] * [[en:tw:ruin|ruin, ruins]] diff --git a/mic/01/08.md b/mic/01/08.md index a656120f4..4b176cca4 100644 --- a/mic/01/08.md +++ b/mic/01/08.md @@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* Micah 1:8-16 is about God's judgment on Judah. +* 16 is about God's judgment on Judah. * **I will lament** - Here "I" refers to Micah. * **I will go barefoot and naked** - This is a sign of extreme mourning and distress. * **naked** - Most likely, Micah was not entirely naked. He was probably wearing a loincloth. * **I will wail like the jackals and mourn like owls** - These are animals that are known for their loud and harsh cries. And they are found in wastelands. AT: "You shall wail and mourn like the animals of the night" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **For her wounds are incurable** - Here "her" refers to the city of Samaria. This means nothing can stop the enemy army that is coming to destroy the people of Israel. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **for they have come to Judah** - Here "they" refers to the army that God used to punish Samaria. -* **Beth Leaphrah** - The name of this city means "house of dust." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Beth Leaphrah** - You may want to make a footnote saying, " The name of this city means 'house of dust.'" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **I roll myself in the dust ** - People under God's judgment are expressing their grief in a strong way. diff --git a/mic/01/11.md b/mic/01/11.md index 700963915..fdf05f1ae 100644 --- a/mic/01/11.md +++ b/mic/01/11.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes * For the meanings of the names of villages and towns, you may want to include that information in a footnote. -* **Shaphir ** - Shaphir - The name of this city sounds like one meaning "beautiful." It contrasts with "nakedness and shame." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Shaphir ** - The name of this city sounds like one meaning "beautiful." It contrasts with "nakedness and shame." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **in nakedness and shame** - Enemy armies often made their prisoners walk totally naked. And there was shame in being a conquered people.(See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **Zaanan** - The name of this city means "go out." They are too afraid to go out and help. * **Beth Ezel** - The name of this city means "house of taking away." diff --git a/mic/01/15.md b/mic/01/15.md index aa5caba93..6f95053ef 100644 --- a/mic/01/15.md +++ b/mic/01/15.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **I will bring** - Here "I" refers to Yahweh. -* **Mareshah** - You maybe want to make a footnote saying, "There is a pun here with the name of this village and the Hebrew word for 'conquerer.'" This term was used in Israel's conquering Canaan; now Israel will be conquered. This village is probably near Micah's home village of Moresheth Gath. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Mareshah** - You may want to make a footnote saying, "There is a play-on-words here with the name of this village and the Hebrew word for 'conquerer.'" This term was used in Israel's conquering Canaan; now Israel will be conquered. This village is probably near Micah's home village of Moresheth Gath. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Adullam's cave** - This refers to a very large cave where David once fled with his men to hide from King Saul, and the Philistines, their enemy. It was their last hope for safety and survival. This may apply to the leaders of Israel at this time who must flee. +* **Shave your head and cut off your hair** - Shaving one's head was a sign of mourning for the Israelites. diff --git a/mic/02/01.md b/mic/02/01.md index e6e66e271..0a57e376b 100644 --- a/mic/02/01.md +++ b/mic/02/01.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* Now in Micah 2:1-11, the focus leaves the towns being judged to the leaders in Israel who are taking advantage of the poor and not following God's commands. +* 11, the focus leaves the towns being judged to the leaders in Israel who are taking advantage of the poor and not following God's commands. diff --git a/mic/02/09.md b/mic/02/09.md index f1ba568ef..5c186d6d0 100644 --- a/mic/02/09.md +++ b/mic/02/09.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * Yahweh continues speaking to the wicked rich people in Israel. * **you take my blessing from their young children forever** - This refers, in general, to blessings God has given to his people. It might refer to 1) being landowners in Israel, 2) a promising future or 3) to the children's fathers, farmers who worked hard to establish the nation. -* **it is destroyed with grievous destruction** - AT: "I will completely destroy it" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **it is destroyed with complete destruction** - AT: "I will completely destroy it" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **he would be considered** - AT: "you would consider him" diff --git a/mic/02/12.md b/mic/02/12.md index beaa844ac..9cd6a8f5b 100644 --- a/mic/02/12.md +++ b/mic/02/12.md @@ -24,4 +24,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Yahweh continues speaking. At the end of this chapter, Yahweh shows himself to be a shepherd who protects his people. He may especially be addressing those in Jerusalem who have returned from Assyria. -* **Someone who breaks open their way ... Yahweh will be at their head.** - This is a picture of the Shepherd-King leading his people out of Jerusalem to battle. +* **Someone who breaks open their way … Yahweh will be at their head.** - This is a picture of the King leading his people out of an enclosed city. diff --git a/mrk/01/01.md b/mrk/01/01.md index 4c5c3abce..5df64a9c1 100644 --- a/mrk/01/01.md +++ b/mrk/01/01.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **your...your** - singular (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Make ready the way of the Lord, Make his paths straight** - These two commands mean the same thing: "Prepare" to meet someone important. If they are the same in your language, you can omit the second sentence, as the UDB does. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Make ready the way of the Lord, Make his paths straight** - These two commands mean the same thing: "Prepare" to meet someone important. If they are the same in your language, you can omit the second sentence, as the UDB does. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/mrk/01/45.md b/mrk/01/45.md index fc84c24b2..ef734da48 100644 --- a/mrk/01/45.md +++ b/mrk/01/45.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **he went...he spread** - "the man went out...the man spread" -* **tell everyone and...spread the word** - "began telling many people" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **everyone** - everybody he was meeting (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **tell everyone...spread the word** - These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that the man told a lot of people (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **everyone** - everyone he met (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **Jesus was unable to go freely into any town** - "The crowds prevented Jesus from moving freely in towns" -* **from everywhere ** - "from all over the region" (UDB) +* **from everywhere** - "from all over the region" (UDB) diff --git a/mrk/02/18.md b/mrk/02/18.md index 54e64d5e5..89b682195 100644 --- a/mrk/02/18.md +++ b/mrk/02/18.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Can the wedding attendants fast while the bridegroom is still with them?** - Jesus is expressing sarcasm with this rhetorical question. "When a man is marrying a woman, his friends will certainly not abstain from food while he is still with them" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Can the wedding attendants fast while the bridegroom is still with them?** - With this rhetorical question Jesus is making a comparison between himself and his disciples and a bridegroom and his friends. At a wedding celebration, people feast. They do not fast. See the UDB for a way to translate this as a statement. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]].) diff --git a/mrk/04/10.md b/mrk/04/10.md index 4b10fbefe..1bd475351 100644 --- a/mrk/04/10.md +++ b/mrk/04/10.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * Jesus has just finished telling a parable. * **To you is given** - "God has given you" or "I have given you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **they look, but do not see ** - they look, but do not see - "they look and refuse to see" or "they look and do not understand" +* **they look, but do not see ** - "they look and refuse to see" or "they look and do not understand" diff --git a/mrk/04/16.md b/mrk/04/16.md index 96e8d67b9..834181033 100644 --- a/mrk/04/16.md +++ b/mrk/04/16.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* Jesus explains the parable to his disciples. +* Jesus continues to explain the parable to his disciples. diff --git a/mrk/04/18.md b/mrk/04/18.md index 6bda691f1..c18824ffe 100644 --- a/mrk/04/18.md +++ b/mrk/04/18.md @@ -6,4 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Jesus explains the parable to his disciples. +* Jesus continues to explain the parable to his disciples. +* **the cares of the world** - AT: "concerns about this present life" +* **the deceitfulness of riches** - AT: "pleasures from wealth that do not satisfy" +* **the desires for other things** - "the desire for things other than riches" diff --git a/mrk/04/24.md b/mrk/04/24.md index a00966772..201b5e7b9 100644 --- a/mrk/04/24.md +++ b/mrk/04/24.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues telling his disciples another parable. -* **for the measure you use, is the measure you will receive; and even more you will get** - for the measure you use, is the measure you will receive; and even more you will get- "the better you listen, the more understanding God will give to you." -* **whoever has ** - whoever has - "whoever has understood my words." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **for the measure you use, is the measure you will receive; and even more you will get** - "the better you listen, the more understanding God will give to you." +* **whoever has ** - "whoever has understood my words." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/mrk/05/36.md b/mrk/05/36.md index 80aa481b6..c5b95c522 100644 --- a/mrk/05/36.md +++ b/mrk/05/36.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **who wailed** - "who cried out in sorrow" +* **who wept and who wailed** - The words "wept" and "wailed" share similar meanings. AT: "who cried aloud as they wept" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/mrk/07/14.md b/mrk/07/14.md index 5b4bf0fdf..9d132d78f 100644 --- a/mrk/07/14.md +++ b/mrk/07/14.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **"Listen to me, all of you, and understand** - "Listen" and "understand" are very similar in meaning and are used here for emphasis by Jesus. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **"Listen to me, all of you, and understand** - The words "Listen" and "understand" are related. Jesus uses them together to emphasize that his hearers should pay close attention to what he is saying. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **It is what comes out of the person** - "It is the person's inner being" or "It is what a person thinks, says, or does" * **v16: Many ancient authorities insert this text: If any man has ears to hear, let him hear.** - This phrase has Jesus adding his doctrinal authority and an emphasis of urgency for every faithful follower to observe what he just taught. diff --git a/mrk/08/14.md b/mrk/08/14.md index e79240b1b..860a52358 100644 --- a/mrk/08/14.md +++ b/mrk/08/14.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **"Keep watch and be on guard** - These two terms have common meaning and are repeated here for emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **"Keep watch and be on guard** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Jesus uses them to emphasize this warning. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **yeast of the Pharisees and the yeast of Herod** - AT: "false teachings of the Pharisees and the false teachings of Herod" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/mrk/09/01.md b/mrk/09/01.md index 6f18d13a1..c1e6b27f8 100644 --- a/mrk/09/01.md +++ b/mrk/09/01.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus had just been talking to the people and his disciples about following him. +* **he was transfigured** - "he changed into another form" or "he appeared very different" (UDB) * **radiantly brilliant** - "exceedingly white" * **bleacher on earth could bleach them** - "Bleach" is a chemical used to remove stains from clothes and to make them white. A "bleacher" is someone who does the stain removal. diff --git a/mrk/10/46.md b/mrk/10/46.md index 8dcc39979..bf697a74e 100644 --- a/mrk/10/46.md +++ b/mrk/10/46.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * Jesus and his disciples continued walking toward Jerusalem. * **Bartimaeus** - A man's name (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Timaeus** - A blind beggar's name (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Timaeus** - The name of the father of the blind beggar (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/mrk/11/07.md b/mrk/11/07.md index 80621a6f1..a3d912733 100644 --- a/mrk/11/07.md +++ b/mrk/11/07.md @@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes +* ** Hosanna** - The meaning of this term is unclear, but is probably best translated as an expression of welcome and praise, as in "Hail" or "Praise God" (UDB). diff --git a/mrk/12/24.md b/mrk/12/24.md index 89e68d159..ec698e6d0 100644 --- a/mrk/12/24.md +++ b/mrk/12/24.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Is this not the reason you are mistaken…power of God?** - AT: "You are mistaken because…power of God." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* +* ** diff --git a/mrk/13/17.md b/mrk/13/17.md index 56c0c6328..7d06097bf 100644 --- a/mrk/13/17.md +++ b/mrk/13/17.md @@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes +* **the elect, those he chose** - The phrase "those he chose" means the same thing as "the elect." Together, they emphasize God's choice of these people. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/mrk/14/35.md b/mrk/14/35.md index 5ab0363a2..76d28537e 100644 --- a/mrk/14/35.md +++ b/mrk/14/35.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * At Gethsemane on the Mount of Olives Jesus has left Peter, James, and John to stay alert to pray. * **this hour might pass** - "he might be strengthened to endure the suffering he was experiencing" * **Abba** - "Abba" is a Greek term that is used by children to address their father. It implies a close relationship. Since it already addresses Father, it might be important to keep the Greek term, "Abba." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) -* **Remove this cup from me** - The cup refers to the wrath of God Jesus must endure. (See: [[en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:figures:metaphor ]]) +* **Remove this cup from me** - The cup refers to the wrath of God Jesus must endure. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/mrk/14/40.md b/mrk/14/40.md index 25b1a7140..8ca2a09b5 100644 --- a/mrk/14/40.md +++ b/mrk/14/40.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Jesus continues with his disciples, except for Judas, in the Garden of Gethsemane. -* **found them sleeping** - found them sleeping- "found Peter, John, and James sleeping" +* **found them sleeping** - "found Peter, John, and James sleeping" * **Are you still sleeping and taking your rest** - AT: "You are still sleeping! You are resting!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/mrk/16/14.md b/mrk/16/14.md index c51e509ca..4821cfb09 100644 --- a/mrk/16/14.md +++ b/mrk/16/14.md @@ -12,3 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes +* **hardness of heart** - AT: "refusal to believe" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/nam/02/01.md b/nam/02/01.md index 7c36b4648..93c9cb9f3 100644 --- a/nam/02/01.md +++ b/nam/02/01.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * Nahum continues describing the destruction of Nineveh in poetry that began in [[:en:bible:notes:nam:01:01]]. (See: UDB and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **He who will dash you to pieces** - The picture is of someone breaking a pot. Alternate translation: "He who will destroy you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). -* **He who will dash** - Who this is is not clear, so translate using a general term: "Someone who will dash." +* **He who will dash** - Who this is is not clear, so translate using a general term: "Someone who will break you to pieces." * **Man the city walls, guard the roads, make yourselves strong, assemble your armies.** - prepare for war * **Man the city walls** - "Set guards on the walls for protection" * **For Yahweh is restoring the majesty of Jacob, like the majesty of Israel** - This means that Yahweh will make Jacob and Israel great, and people will admire them again. diff --git a/nam/02/08.md b/nam/02/08.md index 301bf5688..aa79730b1 100644 --- a/nam/02/08.md +++ b/nam/02/08.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **plunder** - plunder Things stolen by force, usually in war. +* **plunder** - Things stolen by force, usually in war. * **there is no end to it** - This is a way to say there is a huge amount of something. Alternate translation: "there is a huge amount of it" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **glory of all the beautiful things** - Possible meanings: 1) "abundance of all the beautiful things" or 2) "amount of all the beautiful things" * **One's heart melts** - "The people lose their courage" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/neh/01/10.md b/neh/01/10.md index b1e3d2e5e..653a1116f 100644 --- a/neh/01/10.md +++ b/neh/01/10.md @@ -37,5 +37,5 @@ * **the prayer of your servant** - The word "servant" refers to Nehemiah. This is how a person would address his superior. Referring to oneself in this way showed humility and respect. * **your servants who delight to...** - AT: "your servants who are happy to..." OR "your servants who are pleased to..." * **to honor your name** - "to revere your name" OR "to lift up your reputation" -* **grant him** - grant him- Nehemiah is referring to himself in the third person to express his humility before God. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **grant him** - Nehemiah is referring to himself in the third person to express his humility before God. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) * **in the sight of this man** - "This man" refers to Artaxerxes, the King of Persia. diff --git a/neh/02/04.md b/neh/02/04.md index f59ddbf5e..8e2636ac2 100644 --- a/neh/02/04.md +++ b/neh/02/04.md @@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **I replied to the king** - "Then I replied to the king" -* **If it seems good to the king, and if your servant has done well in your sight** - The phrase "your servant" refers to Nehemiah. To show humility, a speaker sometimes uses third person when referring to his listener or when referring to himself. AT: "If it pleases you, and if I have earned your favor" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) -* **the city of my fathers' tombs** - AT: "the city of my ancestors" +* **If it seems good to the king, and if your servant has done well in your sight** - Nehemiah is referring to himself in the third person to express his humility before the king. AT: "If it pleases you, and if I have earned your favor" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **the city of my fathers' tombs** - AT: "the city of my ancestors." diff --git a/neh/05/14.md b/neh/05/14.md index 930864afe..716475d2a 100644 --- a/neh/05/14.md +++ b/neh/05/14.md @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ ## translationNotes * (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **twentieth year until the thirty-second year of Artexerxes the king** - Years in the ancient Near East were measured by the year of a king's reign. +* **twentieth year until the thirty-second year of Artexerxes the king** - second year of Artexerxes the king** - Years in the ancient Near East were measured by the year of a king's reign. * **twelve years** - Nehemiah is restating the number of years for emphasis. AT: "during that entire time" * **neither I nor my brothers ate the food provided for the governor** - "Neither my brothers nor I ate the food provided for the governor." This food was provided by the king and was part of what a governor was paid by the people. Because the people were starving, Nehemiah chose not to make use of this privilege. * **former governors** - "previous governors" or "governors from the past" Nehemiah was not the first governor of Judah. diff --git a/neh/06/12.md b/neh/06/12.md index 8d369ba23..a769ac0b5 100644 --- a/neh/06/12.md +++ b/neh/06/12.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ * **Tobiah and Sanballat had hired him** - Shemaiah was paid by and under the control of Tobiah and Sanballat. * **so that I might do what he said and sin** - AT: "so I might sin by misusing the temple" * **and so they could give me a bad name in order to humiliate me** - "so they would have an account that they could use to discredit me" -* **Call to mind** - This phrase is ambiguous. It is unclear if Nehemiah is asking God to help him (Nehemiah) remember Tobiah and Sanballat or if Nehemiah is asking God to remember these men. AT: "Remember" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **Call to mind** - This phrase is ambiguous. It is unclear if Nehemiah is asking God to help him (Nehemiah) remember Tobiah and Sanballat or if Nehemiah is asking God to remember these men. AT: "Remember" * **the prophetess Noadiah** - Here "Noadiah" is the name of a female (a prophetess), but the name can be male or female. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/06/15.md b/neh/06/15.md index 628f7a224..bd0ef197c 100644 --- a/neh/06/15.md +++ b/neh/06/15.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **So the wall was finished** - This passive clause can be translated as an active clause. AT: "We finished the wall" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **the twenty-fifth day** - "the 25th day" +* **the twenty-fifth day** - fifth day** - "the 25th day" * **the month Elul** - This month was in the summer and early fall. It was the 6th month [or moon] of the Jewish calendar. -* **fifty-two days** - "52 days" +* **fifty-two days** - two days** - "52 days" * **they fell greatly in their own esteem** - "they thought much less of themselves" or "they lost confidence." diff --git a/neh/06/17.md b/neh/06/17.md index d2416d0a5..d62db587a 100644 --- a/neh/06/17.md +++ b/neh/06/17.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **the nobles of Judah sent many letters to Tobiah, and Tobiah's letters came to them** - There was constant communication between the wealthy of Judah and the enemy of the Jews, Tobiah. * **There were many in Judah who were bound by an oath to him** - "There were many people in Judah who owed allegiance to Tobiah" -* **he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah** - This means that Tobiah was married to the daughter of Shecaniah. +* **he was the son-in-law of Shecaniah** - in-law of Shecaniah** - This means that Tobiah was married to the daughter of Shecaniah. * **Tobiah...Shecaniah...Arah...Jehohanan...Meshullam...Berechiah** - These are the names of males. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **They also spoke to me about his good deeds and reported my words back to him** - "The Jewish nobles told me about Tobiah's good deeds and then told him about my responses." * **Letters were sent to me from Tobiah to frighten me** - This passive clause can be translated as an active clause. AT: "Tobiah sent letters to me to scare me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/neh/07/06.md b/neh/07/06.md index 3d1e251ac..e7ea07b2e 100644 --- a/neh/07/06.md +++ b/neh/07/06.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **These are the people of the province** - "These are the descendants of this region" * **who went up** - "who returned" or "who came up" * **whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon took into exile** - "whom Nebuchadnezzar, Ruler of Babylon took away from their home country" -* Nebuchadnezzar ...Zerubbabel...Jeshua...Nehemiah...Azariah...Raamiah...Nahamani...Mordecai...Bilshan... +* **Nebuchadnezzar ...Zerubbabel...Jeshua...Nehemiah...Azariah...Raamiah...Nahamani...Mordecai...Bilshan... * These are the names of males. (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]). diff --git a/neh/07/15.md b/neh/07/15.md index 0f5543c78..84f1c4e8a 100644 --- a/neh/07/15.md +++ b/neh/07/15.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by family according to the name of their patriarch. The number represents the number of males in each family. (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Binnui...Bebai...Azgad...Adonikam** - These are the names of the patriarchs of each family group. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/07/19.md b/neh/07/19.md index 7717c2f24..344d39e70 100644 --- a/neh/07/19.md +++ b/neh/07/19.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by family according to the name of their patriarch. The number represents the number of males in each family. (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Bigvai...Adin...Ater...Hashum** - These are the names of the patriarchs of each family group. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **The descendents of Ater, of Hezekiah** - AT: "the descendants of Ater, who is a descendant of Hezekiah" diff --git a/neh/07/23.md b/neh/07/23.md index e90b3cb3b..d0636acf2 100644 --- a/neh/07/23.md +++ b/neh/07/23.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by family according to the name of their patriarch. With Bethlehem the list goes according to the ancestors from that location. The number represents the number of males in each family. (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Bezai...Hariph...Gibeon** - These are the names of the patriarchs of each family group. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the men from** - AT: "the people from" * **Bethlehem and Netophah** - These are the names of two villages in Judah. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/07/27.md b/neh/07/27.md index ba9f65846..a6c364756 100644 --- a/neh/07/27.md +++ b/neh/07/27.md @@ -3,6 +3,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by the town where their ancestors came from. The number represents the number of males in each family. (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **The men from** - AT: "The people from" * **Anathoth...Beth Azmaveth...Kiriath Jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth...Ramah and Geba** - These are all place names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/07/31.md b/neh/07/31.md index 224d7333d..555ea494e 100644 --- a/neh/07/31.md +++ b/neh/07/31.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by the town where their ancestors came from. The number represents the number of males in each family. (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **The men from** - AT: "The people from" * **Michmas...Bethel...Ai...Nebo...Elam** - These are all place names. See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/07/35.md b/neh/07/35.md index 2a49a5303..3ec9a9625 100644 --- a/neh/07/35.md +++ b/neh/07/35.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Nehemiah is continuing to recount the number of people who returned from exile. The people were grouped by the town where their ancestors came from. The number represents the number of males in each family. (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **The men of** - AT: "The descendants of" * **Harim...Jericho...Lod, Hadid...Ono...Senaah** - These are village names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/07/39.md b/neh/07/39.md index 5223c8a12..64704da68 100644 --- a/neh/07/39.md +++ b/neh/07/39.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Jedaiah...Immer...Pashhur...Harim** - These are all male names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/07/43.md b/neh/07/43.md index 6bfa48e1b..53b225645 100644 --- a/neh/07/43.md +++ b/neh/07/43.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Jeshua...Kadmiel...Hodevah...Asaph...Shallum...Ater...Tlamon...Akkub...Hatita...Shobai** - These are all male names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **The singers** - AT: "The musicians" * **gatekeepers** - These were individuals that guarded the gate of a village or city. If your language can translate "gatekeepers" then use that word. See how you translated this in [[en/bible/notes/neh/07/01]] diff --git a/neh/07/57.md b/neh/07/57.md index 3c7e1f45e..99649b6fb 100644 --- a/neh/07/57.md +++ b/neh/07/57.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Solomon...Sotai...Sophereth...Perida...Jaala...Darkon...Giddel...Shephatiah...Hattil...Pochereth Hazzebaim...Amon.** - These are male names. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:translate:translatenames]]) * **Sophereth** - This is the name of a man who is called Hassophereth in Ez. 2:55. * **Perida** - This is the name of a man who is also called Peruda in Ez. 2:55. diff --git a/neh/07/61.md b/neh/07/61.md index 0ae6d8ae4..350eb48d4 100644 --- a/neh/07/61.md +++ b/neh/07/61.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[:en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **Telmelah…Telharsha…Cherub…Addon…Immer…Israel** - These are place names. (See: [[:en:ta:workbench:translate:translatenames]]) * **Delaiah, Tobiah and Nekoda, Hobaiah, Hakkoz, Barzillai** - These are male names. (See: [[:en:ta:workbench:translate:translatenames]]) * **And of the priests** - AT: "And from the priests" diff --git a/neh/07/66.md b/neh/07/66.md index 5ee3774e4..c06e7d551 100644 --- a/neh/07/66.md +++ b/neh/07/66.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) * **The whole assembly together** - "The entire congregation together" The word "congregation" would be a good choice to reflect the nature of the community. * **singing men and women** - "male singers and female singers" The sentence structure imitates "their male servants and their female servants" just before it. diff --git a/neh/07/68.md b/neh/07/68.md index 9e5546052..f3423a8db 100644 --- a/neh/07/68.md +++ b/neh/07/68.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) +* 14]].) diff --git a/neh/07/70.md b/neh/07/70.md index 8e51db11f..86e26935f 100644 --- a/neh/07/70.md +++ b/neh/07/70.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* (See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]].) -* **darics of gold** - It is clear whether this refers to the Persian daric, or the Greek drachma (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) +* 14]].) +* **darics of gold** - A "daric" was a small gold coin used by the Persian Empire. (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) * **the heads of ancestors' families** - AT "heads of the clans" or "heads of the families" * **basins** - "large bowls" * **garments** - "items of clothing" diff --git a/neh/09/01.md b/neh/09/01.md index 17cd6962c..a61aab61e 100644 --- a/neh/09/01.md +++ b/neh/09/01.md @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the twenty-fourth day** - "the 24th day" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **the twenty-fourth day** - fourth day** - "the 24th day" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **the people of Israel were assembled** - "the people of Israel came together" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **they were wearing sackcloth, and they put dust on their heads** - This was in order to show how sorry they were for the wrong things they and their ancestors had done. * **The descendants of Israel** - "the sons and daughters of Israel" or "the Israelites" diff --git a/neh/10/09.md b/neh/10/09.md index 174d9fdf1..bfe8372e4 100644 --- a/neh/10/09.md +++ b/neh/10/09.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * In these verses, Nehemiah continues to list the names of the people who signed the sealed document. -* **Jeshua, Azaniah, Binnui, Henadad, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Hodiah, Kelita, Pelaiah, Hanan, Mica, Rehob, Hashabiah, Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, Hodiah, Bani, and Beninu, Parosh, Pahath-Moab, Elam, Zattu, Bani** - These are the names of men. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Jeshua, Azaniah, Binnui, Henadad, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Hodiah, Kelita, Pelaiah, Hanan, Mica, Rehob, Hashabiah, Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, Hodiah, Bani, and Beninu, Parosh, Pahath-Moab, Elam, Zattu, Bani** - Moab, Elam, Zattu, Bani** - These are the names of men. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **The Levites were** - "The Levites who signed the document were" * **The leaders of the people were** - “The leaders of the people who signed the document were” diff --git a/neh/11/19.md b/neh/11/19.md index bfd576024..4e0af40e3 100644 --- a/neh/11/19.md +++ b/neh/11/19.md @@ -23,5 +23,5 @@ * **Akkub...Talmon...Ziha...Gishpa** - These are male names. (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **their associates** - "their brothers" * **172 men** - See how you translated numbers in [[en:bible:notes:neh:07:11]]. -* **The temple workers lived in Ophel, and Ziha and Gishpa were in charge of them** - The temple workers lived in Ophel, and Ziha and Gishpa were in charge of them- "The temple workers lived in Ophel. Ziha and Gishpa were over the temple workers." +* **The temple workers lived in Ophel, and Ziha and Gishpa were in charge of them** - "The temple workers lived in Ophel. Ziha and Gishpa were over the temple workers." * **Ophel** - This is the name of a place. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/neh/12/22.md b/neh/12/22.md index 977a5f3b5..94a8f0f15 100644 --- a/neh/12/22.md +++ b/neh/12/22.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In the days of Eliashib, the Levites, Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan, and Jaddua, were recorded as the heads of families, and the priests were recorded during the reign of Darius the Persian** - This statement is ambiguous since it is not clear whether the Levites and priests represented one group or were two different groups. Here is one possible translation: "The family heads of the Levites in the days of Eliashib (Joiada, Johanan and Jaddua), as well as those of the priests, were recorded in the reign of Darius the Persian." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ambiguity]]) +* **In the days of Eliashib, the Levites, Eliashib, Joiada, Johanan, and Jaddua, were recorded as the heads of families, and the priests were recorded during the reign of Darius the Persian** - This statement is ambiguous since it is not clear whether the Levites and priests represented one group or were two different groups. Here is one possible translation: "The family heads of the Levites in the days of Eliashib (Joiada, Johanan and Jaddua), as well as those of the priests, were recorded in the reign of Darius the Persian." * **Eliashib...Joiada, Johanan, and Jaddua, were recorded as the heads of families** - These males were recorded as heads of families. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **The descendants of Levi and their leaders of families** - "The descendants of Levi, leaders of families" * **recorded in the book of the annals** - This may refer to the Book of Chronicles. The scribes wrote the words in the verses above in a book that recorded the events of each day. diff --git a/phm/01/01.md b/phm/01/01.md index 718f0f065..13427aba2 100644 --- a/phm/01/01.md +++ b/phm/01/01.md @@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ * **Paul, a prisoner of Christ Jesus, and Timothy our brother, to Philemon** - Your language may have a particular way of introducing the authors of a letter. This could be translated as “We, Paul, a prisoner of Christ Jesus, and Timothy, our brother, write this letter to Philemon.” * **a prisoner of Christ Jesus** - "who is in prison for teaching about Jesus Christ." People who did not like Jesus punished Paul by putting him in prison. * **our beloved brother** - "our dear fellow believer" or "our spiritual brother whom we love" -* **and fellow-worker** - "who, like us, works to spread the gospel" +* **and fellow-worker** - worker** - "who, like us, works to spread the gospel" * **Apphia, our sister** - This means "Apphia, our fellow believer" or "Apphia, our spiritual sister" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **Archippus** - This is the name of man. -* **our fellow-soldier** - Here "soldier" is a metaphor that describes a person who struggles to spread the Gospel. This may be translated as "our fellow-spiritual warrior" or "who also fights the spiritual battle with us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **our fellow-soldier** - soldier** - Here "soldier" is a metaphor that describes a person who struggles to spread the Gospel. This may be translated as "our fellow-spiritual warrior" or "who also fights the spiritual battle with us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **the church in your house** - "the group of believers that meets in your house" (UDB) * **your house** - The word "your" is singular and refers to Philemon. * **Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ** - "May God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ give you grace and peace." This is a blessing. The word "you" is plural and refers to all the people Paul greeted in verses 1 and 2. diff --git a/phm/01/23.md b/phm/01/23.md index 3420f9e04..c7d969e02 100644 --- a/phm/01/23.md +++ b/phm/01/23.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **Epaphras,…Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, Luke** - These are names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **my fellow-prisoner in Christ Jesus** - "who is in prison with me because he serves Christ Jesus" +* **my fellow-prisoner in Christ Jesus** - prisoner in Christ Jesus** - "who is in prison with me because he serves Christ Jesus" * **greets you** - The word "you" refers to Philemon. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **and so do Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, Luke, my fellow-workers.** - This means "and my fellow workers Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, and Luke also greet you." -* **my fellow-workers** - This can be translated as "the men who work with me" or "who all work with me." +* **and so do Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, Luke, my fellow-workers.** - workers.** - This means "and my fellow workers Mark, Aristarchus, Demas, and Luke also greet you." +* **my fellow-workers** - workers** - This can be translated as "the men who work with me" or "who all work with me." * **May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit.** - This can be translated as "May our Lord Jesus Christ be kind to your spirit." * **your spirit** - The word "your" here refers to Philemon and all who met in his house. The word "spirit" here refers to the whole person; The phrase can be translated as "you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) diff --git a/php/01/01.md b/php/01/01.md index 6f455cf90..0a16b5ee9 100644 --- a/php/01/01.md +++ b/php/01/01.md @@ -16,10 +16,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Paul and Timothy ** - This could be translated as "From Paul and Timothy." This could also be translated as "We, Paul and Timothy, wrote this letter." If your language has a particular way of introducing the authors of a letter, use it. -* **servants of Christ Jesus** - “We are servants of Christ Jesus.” The phrase “We are” is implied. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **to all the ones set apart in Christ Jesus ** - "to all the believers in Christ" -* **the overseers and deacons** - "the leaders of the church" +* **Paul and Timothy** - If your language has a particular way of introducing the authors of a letter, use it here. AT: "From Paul and Timothy" or "We, Paul and Timothy, wrote this letter" +* **servants of Christ Jesus** - “We are servants of Christ Jesus” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **to all the ones set apart in Christ Jesus** - "to all the believers in Christ Jesus" +* **the overseers and deacons** - AT: "the leaders of the church" * **Grace to you** - This is a way to wish a blessing upon other people. -* **to you** - The pronoun “you” refers to the believers in the Philippian Church. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **God our Father** - The pronoun "our" probably refers to all believers in Christ, including Paul, Timothy and the Philippian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **to you** - Here “you” refers to the believers in the Philippian church. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **God our Father** - Here "our" probably refers to all believers in Christ, including Paul, Timothy, and the Philippian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/php/01/03.md b/php/01/03.md index 77d95525e..1e4921b8a 100644 --- a/php/01/03.md +++ b/php/01/03.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I thank...I pray...I give thanks** - The word "I" refers to Paul. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_singularpronouns]]) -* **you** - The word "you" refer to the Phillippian believers . (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **I give thanks for your fellowship in the gospel ** - Paul was expressing thanks to God that the Philippians were also preaching the gospel like them. "I give thanks to God for you proclaiming the gospel" +* **I thank...I pray...I give thanks** - Here "I" refers to Paul. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_singularpronouns]]) +* **you** - Here "you" refers to the Philippian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **I give thanks for your fellowship in the gospel ** - Paul is expressing thanks to God that the Philippians are also preaching the gospel. AT: "I give thanks to God for you proclaiming the gospel" * **I am confident** - "I am sure" * **he who began** - "the God who began" or "God who began" -* **will complete it ** - "will continue to complete it" +* **will complete it** - "will continue to complete it" diff --git a/php/01/07.md b/php/01/07.md index a3bd94b41..5df0dae36 100644 --- a/php/01/07.md +++ b/php/01/07.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It is right for me** - "it is proper for me" or "It is good for me" -* **have you in my heart** - This is an idiom that can be translated as "I love you very much." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **my partners in grace** - "partakers of grace with me" or "share in grace with me" -* **God is my witness** - "God knows" or "God understands" -* **in the depths of the love of Christ Jesus** - The phrase "in the depths of the love" is an idiom that refers to the place inside of us that our emotions come from. This can be translated as "with all the love that Christ Jesus has given me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **It is right for me** - "It is proper for me" or "It is good for me" +* **I have you in my heart** - AT: "I love you very much" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **have been my partners in grace** - AT: "have been partakers of grace with me" or "share in grace with me" +* **God is my witness** - AT: "God knows" or "God understands" +* **in the depths of the love of Christ Jesus** - The phrase "in the depths of the love" refers to the place inside of us where our emotions come from. AT: "with all the love that Christ Jesus has given me" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/php/01/09.md b/php/01/09.md index 53db8aeb8..d10c899ab 100644 --- a/php/01/09.md +++ b/php/01/09.md @@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ ## translationNotes * **may abound** - "may overflow" -* **in knowledge and complete understanding** - You can make what they are to know and understand explicit: "as you learn and understand more clearly what pleases God". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **in knowledge and complete understanding** - AT: "as you learn and understand more clearly what pleases God" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **I do this** - "I pray this" -* **the things that are excellent** - "what is most pleasing to God" -* **you may be sincere and without offense in the day of Christ.** - The phrase "sincere and without offense" is a doublet that emphasizes a person's moral purity. This may be translated as "you are completely blameless when Jesus returns." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **the day of Christ** - "the day of the Lord" or "judgment day" +* **the things that are excellent** - AT: "what is most pleasing to God" +* **sincere and without offense** - The words "sincere" and "without offense" mean basically the same thing. Paul combines them to emphasize moral purity. AT: "completely blameless" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **in the day of Christ** - "in the day of the Lord" or "on the day of judgement" * **Also** - "I also pray" -* **you will be filled** - This can be translated as an active clause: "Jesus Christ may cause you to obey God more and more." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **filled with the fruits of righteousness** - this compares fruit growing on a tree to a believer obeying God more and more. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **to the glory and praise of God** - This can be translated as a separate sentence: "Then people will praise and give honor to God because of the good things they see you do." +* **you will be filled** - AT: "Jesus Christ may cause you to obey God more and more" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **filled with the fruits of righteousness** - This compares fruit growing on a tree to a believer obeying God more and more. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **to the glory and praise of God** - This can be translated as a separate sentence. AT: "Then people will praise and give honor to God because of the good things they see you do" diff --git a/php/01/12.md b/php/01/12.md index 34428e408..1b273742e 100644 --- a/php/01/12.md +++ b/php/01/12.md @@ -11,12 +11,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now I want** - the word "now" is used here to mark a new part of the letter. -* **that the things which happened to me** - Paul is talking about his time in prison. You can make this explicit: "that the things I suffered because I was put into prison for preaching about Jesus" ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **have advanced the progress of the gospel.** - "have caused more people to believe in Christ." -* ** my bonds in Christ** - "my imprisonment because of my preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ" -* ** my bonds in Christ became known throughout the whole palace guard** - This can translated as an active clause:"This is because the palace guards know I am here because I tell others about Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Now I want** - Here the word "now" is used to mark a new part of the letter. +* **that the things which happened to me** - Paul is talking about his time in prison. AT: "that the things I suffered because I was put into prison for preaching about Jesus" ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **have advanced the progress of the gospel** - AT: "have caused more people to believe in Christ" +* ** my bonds in Christ** - AT: "my imprisonment because of my preaching the gospel of Jesus Christ" +* ** my bonds in Christ became known...to everyone else** - AT: "the palace guards and many other people in Rome know I am here because I tell others about Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **palace guards** - This is a group of soldiers that helped protect the Roman emperor. -* **and to everyone else** - "Many other people in Rome also know why I am in prison." -* **And also so that most of the brothers...Speak the word** - "Also, most of the brothers speak the word of God with confidence, boldness and without fear because of my imprisonment". -* **with more boldness and without fear** - "with complete confidence" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **And also so that most of the brothers...speak the word of God** - AT: "Also, because of my imprisonment, most of the brothers in the Lord speak the word of God" +* **with more boldness and without fear** - Paul expresses the same idea both positively and negatively to emphasize the great courage that they showed by preaching in dangerous circumstances. AT: "with great boldness and courage" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/php/01/15.md b/php/01/15.md index ac9ecc37f..eefb430c4 100644 --- a/php/01/15.md +++ b/php/01/15.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Some indeed even proclaim Christ** - "Some people preach the good news about Christ" -* **out of envy and strife** - "because they do not want people listening to me and they want to cause trouble" -* **and others also out of good will.** - "but other people do it because they are kind and they want to help." +* **Some indeed even proclaim Christ** - AT: "Some people preach the good news about Christ" +* **out of envy and strife** - AT: "because they do not want people listening to me and they want to cause trouble" +* **and others also out of good will** - AT: "but other people do it because they are kind and they want to help" * **The ones who** - "The people who" -* **I have been assigned** - This can be translated with an active clause: "God chose me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **to defend the gospel** - "to teach everyone that the message of Jesus is true." +* **I have been assigned** - AT: "God chose me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **to defend the gospel** - AT: "to teach everyone that the message of Jesus is true" * **But the others proclaim Christ** - "But other people teach about Christ" -* **out of selfish and insincere motives. They think they are adding to the affliction I suffer in my imprisonment.** - "not because they love Jesus, but because they think they are causing me more trouble while I am in prison." +* **out of selfish and insincere motives. They think they are adding to the affliction I suffer in my imprisonment** - AT: "not because they love Jesus, but because they think they are causing me more trouble while I am in prison" diff --git a/php/01/18.md b/php/01/18.md index c43cae79e..8ca7c9501 100644 --- a/php/01/18.md +++ b/php/01/18.md @@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **So what** - Paul is stating that it is not important why some of them are teaching about Jesus. This can be translated as "I do not care." -* **Either way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is proclaimed** - "As long as people preach about Christ, it does not matter if they do it for good reasons or for bad reasons." -* **and I rejoice in that** - "I am happy because people are preaching about Jesus" -* **yes indeed** - "absolutely" or "certainly." +* **So what** - Paul is stating that it is not important why some of them are teaching about Jesus. AT: "I do not care" +* **Either way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is proclaimed** - AT: "As long as people preach about Christ, it does not matter if they do it for good reasons or for bad reasons" +* **I rejoice in that** - AT: "I am happy because people are preaching about Jesus" +* **yes indeed** - AT: "absolutely" or "certainly" * **I will rejoice** - "I will celebrate" or "I will be glad" -* **this will lead to my deliverance** - "God will set me free from prison" -* **because of your prayers and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ** - "because you are praying and the Spirit of Jesus Christ is helping me." -* **Spirit of Jesus Christ** - This could also be translated as "Holy Spirit." +* **this will lead to my deliverance** - AT: "God will free me from prison" +* **because of your prayers and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ** - AT: "because you are praying and the Spirit of Jesus Christ is helping me" +* **Spirit of Jesus Christ** - AT: "Holy Spirit" diff --git a/php/01/20.md b/php/01/20.md index e9ec05432..3102eba9d 100644 --- a/php/01/20.md +++ b/php/01/20.md @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It is my confident expectation and hope ** - This is saying the same thing in two different ways to emphasize how sure Paul is that he is living in a way that honors Christ. This can be translated as "I definitely believe." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **But with all courage, as always and especially right now** - "But I will have enough courage right now, as I have always had" -* **I will bring glory to Christ in my body,** - Paul uses the physical "body" to represent his life or the way he lives. This can be translated as "so that I will honor Christ with all that I do" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* ** whether by life or by death.** - "if I go on living or if I die." -* **For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain.** - "Because if I go on living, I will live for Christ, and if I die, that is even better." +* **It is my confident expectation and certainty** - Here the words "confident expectation" and "certainty" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how strong his expectation is. AT: "I am completely convinced" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **But with all courage, as always and especially right now** - AT: "But I will have enough courage right now, as I have always had" +* **I will bring glory to Christ in my body** - Paul uses the physical "body" to represent his life or the way he lives. AT: "so that I will honor Christ with all that I do" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **whether by life or by death** - AT: "if I go on living or if I die" +* **For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain** - AT: "Because if I go on living, I will live for Christ, and if I die, that is even better" diff --git a/php/01/22.md b/php/01/22.md index eb0956cae..de0f22dd9 100644 --- a/php/01/22.md +++ b/php/01/22.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But if to live in the flesh produces fruit from my labor** - The word "fruit" here refers to the good results of Paul's work. This could be translated as "But if living in my physical body gives me more chances to encourage people to believe in Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **For I am pulled by both of these choices** - "I am under tension, if I should choose to live or to die." -* **I have the desire to depart and be with Christ** - "Depart" is a different way of saying "die." This could be translated as "I would like to die because I will go to be with Christ," (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **Yet to remain in the flesh is more necessary for your sake.** - "Yet to live on in my physical body is more helpful to you." +* **But if to live in the flesh produces fruit from my labor** - The word "fruit" here refers to the good results of Paul's work. AT: "But if living in my physical body gives me more chances to encourage people to believe in Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **For I am pulled by both of these choices** - AT: "I am under tension, if I should choose to live or to die" +* **I have the desire to depart and be with Christ** - AT: "I would like to die because I will go to be with Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **Yet to remain in the flesh is more necessary for your sake** - AT: "Yet to live on in my physical body is more helpful to you" diff --git a/php/01/25.md b/php/01/25.md index e9be2e5dd..5d172ff65 100644 --- a/php/01/25.md +++ b/php/01/25.md @@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Since I am confident about this** - "Since I am sure of this," -* **I know that I will remain,** - "I know that I will continue to live," or "I know that I will keep on living," -* **and that I will continue with you all** - "and that I will keep on serving all of you," -* **As a result, you should be proud of me in Christ Jesus when I am present with you again** - "So, when I come to you again, you will be proud of me because of what I have done for Christ Jesus." +* **Since I am confident about this** - "Since I am sure of this" +* **I know that I will remain** - "I know that I will continue to live" or "I know that I will keep on living" +* **and that I will continue with you all** - "and that I will keep on serving all of you" +* **As a result, you should be proud of me in Christ Jesus when I am present with you again** - AT: "So, when I come to you again, you will be proud of me because of what I have done for Christ Jesus" * **Only conduct your lives in a manner worthy** - "Only live your lives in a way that is worthy" -* **stand fast in one spirit, with one soul** - These two phrases says the same thing in two different ways to show how important it is that they all agree and remain united. This could be translated as "continue living in unity" or "continue living like you are one person." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **striving together for the faith of the gospel** - "working together to teach the gospel so that others might believe in Christ" +* **stand firmly in one spirit, with one soul striving together** - These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize the importance of unity. The words "spirit" and "soul" refer to the mind and emotions. AT: "all have the same determined purpose and are working together with the same desire" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **for the faith of the gospel** - AT: "to spread the faith that is based on the gospel" or "to believe and live as the good news teaches us" (UDB) diff --git a/php/01/28.md b/php/01/28.md index 44426d285..431c96ef9 100644 --- a/php/01/28.md +++ b/php/01/28.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And do not be frightened by anything** - This is a command toward the philippian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]]) -* **from those opposing you** - "from those who are against you do” -* **which is for them a sign of their destruction but of your salvation, salvation that is from God** - "Your courage will show them that God will destroy them, but He will save you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Because to you it has been granted on the behalf of Christ, not only to believe on him, but also to suffer in his behalf** - This can be translated with an active sentence: "Because God has given you not only the honor of believing in Christ, but also the honor of suffering for him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **since you have to suffer the same conflict that you saw in me, and now hear to be in me** - "That is why you are having the same struggles which you saw me have and hear that I still have now" +* **And do not be frightened by anything** - This is a command to the Philippian believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_sentences]]) +* **from those opposing you** - "from those who are against what you do” +* **which is for them a sign of their destruction but of your salvation, salvation that is from God** - AT: "because your courage will show them that God will destroy them, but God will save you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Because to you it has been granted on the behalf of Christ, not only to believe on him, but also to suffer in his behalf** - AT: "Because God has given you not only the honor of believing in Christ, but also the honor of suffering for him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **since you have to suffer the same conflict that you saw in me, and now hear to be in me** - AT: "That is why you are having the same struggles which you saw me have and you hear that I still have now" diff --git a/php/02/01.md b/php/02/01.md index 8f072bf29..ffcc8705f 100644 --- a/php/02/01.md +++ b/php/02/01.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **If there is therefore any…if any…if any…if any** - Paul is using the "if" constructions here to emphasize that all of these certainly do exist. Alternate translation: "since..." +* **If there is therefore any…if any…if any…if any** - Paul is using the "if" constructions here to emphasize that all of these certainly do exist. AT: "Since there is..." * **fellowship of the Spirit** - "fellowship with the Spirit" diff --git a/php/02/03.md b/php/02/03.md index 74f282598..f7473efba 100644 --- a/php/02/03.md +++ b/php/02/03.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Do nothing through selfishness or empty pride** - "Never do anything that only makes you happy or makes you feel more important than other people" -* **in lowliness of mind** - Here the word "mind" refers to our attitude and how we think about others. This can be translated as "be humble and consider." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Do not look out for each of your own needs** - The phrase "look out" is an idiom that means "take care of" or "be concerned with." This can be translated as "do not only be concerned with your own needs." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Do nothing through selfishness or empty pride** - AT: "Never do anything that only makes you happy or makes you feel more important than other people" +* **in lowliness of mind count others** - Here the word "mind" refers to a person's attitude and how they think about other people. AT: "be humble and consider others" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Do not look out for each of your own needs** - AT: "Do not only be concerned with your own needs" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/php/02/05.md b/php/02/05.md index 8c73f62c2..8e41f9556 100644 --- a/php/02/05.md +++ b/php/02/05.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Have this mind in you, which was also in Christ Jesus** - Here "mind" refers to a person's attitude or how they think. This could be translated as "Have the same attitude as Christ Jesus" or "Think about things the way Christ Jesus did." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Have this mind in you, which was also in Christ Jesus** - Here "mind" refers to a person's attitude or how they think. AT: "Have the same attitude as Christ Jesus" or "Think about things the way Christ Jesus did" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/php/02/09.md b/php/02/09.md index 6fde54b22..2457c9082 100644 --- a/php/02/09.md +++ b/php/02/09.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * Paul continues to describe the attitude Jesus Christ had * ** God highly exalted him** - "God highly exalted Jesus" -* **name above every name** - Here "name" refers to rank or honor. This could be translated as "rank above any other rank" or "honor above any other honor." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **every knee** - Here "knee" refers to the whole person. This could be translated as "every person" or "every being" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **name above every name** - Here "name" refers to rank or honor. AT: "rank above any other rank" or "honor above any other honor" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **every knee** - Here "knee" refers to the whole person. AT: "every person" or "every being" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **under the earth** - This refers to the place where people go when they die, which is called "Hades," and also the place where demons dwell, which is called "the abyss." -* **every tongue** - Here "tongue" refers to the whole person. This could be translated as "every person" or "every being." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **every tongue** - Here "tongue" refers to the whole person. AT: "every person" or "every being" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/php/02/12.md b/php/02/12.md index 0df502411..1fe9738d2 100644 --- a/php/02/12.md +++ b/php/02/12.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my beloved** - "my dear fellow believers" -* **in my presence** - "when I am there with you" -* **in my absence** - "when I am not there with you" -* **work out your own salvation** - "continue obeying God" -* **fear and trembling** - These mean basically the same thing and are used to emphasize reverence before God. Alternate Translation "deep reverence" or "complete awe." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **my beloved** - AT: "my dear fellow believers" +* **in my presence** - AT: "when I am there with you" +* **in my absence** - AT: "when I am not there with you" +* **work out your own salvation** - AT: "continue obeying God" +* **fear and trembling** - The words "fear" and "trembling" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize reverence before God. AT: "deep reverence" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * ** both to will and to work** - God both motivates us and enables us to do his work. diff --git a/php/02/14.md b/php/02/14.md index 78aa8af15..b0539b318 100644 --- a/php/02/14.md +++ b/php/02/14.md @@ -11,12 +11,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **without complaining and arguing** - "do not say bad things" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **blameless and honest children** - "do things in a manner that people can not say you did wrong." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **without blemish** - "blemish" compares a believer who is morally perfect with an animal that was physically perfect and used in the Old Testament as a sacrifice to God. "This can be translated as "completely innocent children of God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **shine as lights** - This compares believers living in a way that honors God among people who dishonor God to a light shining in the dark. Alternate Translation: "live in a way that honors God." -* **in the world** - "world" refers to all values and behaviors that do not honor God. -* **a crooked and depraved generation** - This is saying the same thing in different ways to emphasize how wicked the generation is. This could be translated as "among wicked people who do not honor God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **blameless and honest** - Paul expresses the same idea using both positive and negative words. AT: "completely innocent" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **without blemish** - AT: "without fault" or "perfect" +* **shine as lights** - This compares believers living in a way that honors God among people who dishonor God to a light shining in the dark. AT: "live in a way that honors God" +* **in the world** - Here "world" refers to all values and behaviors that do not honor God. +* **crooked and depraved** - These two words mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize how wicked the generation is. AT: "completely wicked" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **to glory** - "to rejoice" or "to be glad" -* **in the day of Christ** - This refers to when Jesus comes back to set up his kingdom and rule over the earth. This can be translated as "when Christ returns." -* **I did not run in vain nor labor in vain** - Here "run...labor" is saying the same thing in two different ways to emphasize how hard Paul has worked to help people believe in Christ. It could be translated as "I did not work for nothing." It is also a negative phrase that could be stated as a positive: "my work had a purpose." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **in the day of Christ** - This refers to when Jesus comes back to set up his kingdom and rule over the earth. AT: "when Christ returns" +* **I did not run in vain nor labor in vain** - The phrases "run in vain" and "labor in vain" here mean the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how hard he has worked to help the people believe in Christ. AT: "I did not work so hard for nothing" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/php/02/17.md b/php/02/17.md index 1d848ef05..dfc4fde0c 100644 --- a/php/02/17.md +++ b/php/02/17.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But even if my life is poured out as an offering upon the sacrifice and service of your faith, I rejoice with great joy with you all.** - Paul is comparing his death with the Old Testament ritual where wine or olive oil is poured on top of or beside the animal sacrifice that a worshiper would offer to God. What Paul means is that he would gladly die for the Philippians if that would make them more pleasing to God. Also, "is poured out" is passive. It can be translated as an active clause: "But, even if the Romans decide to execute me, I will greatly rejoice if my death will make your faith and obedience more pleasing to God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **And in the same manner** - "Likewise" -* **you also must rejoice with great joy with me** - The phrase "rejoice with great joy" is used for emphasis. It can be translated as "I want you to greatly rejoice with me." +* **But even if my life is poured out as an offering upon the sacrifice and service of your faith, I rejoice with great joy with you all** - Paul is comparing his death with the Old Testament ritual where wine or olive oil is poured on top of or beside the animal sacrifice that a worshiper would offer to God. What Paul means is that he would gladly die for the Philippians if that would make them more pleasing to God. AT: "But, even if the Romans decide to execute me, I will greatly rejoice if my death will make your faith and obedience more pleasing to God" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **And in the same manner** - AT: "Likewise" +* **you also must rejoice with great joy with me** - The phrase "rejoice with great joy" is used for emphasis. AT: "I want you to greatly rejoice with me" diff --git a/php/02/19.md b/php/02/19.md index 27eb4839a..64ae29dbf 100644 --- a/php/02/19.md +++ b/php/02/19.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But I expect in the Lord Jesus** - This could also be translate as "But, if the Lord Jesus is willing, I expect." -* **For they all** - Here the word "they" refers to a group of people Paul does not feel he can trust to send to Philippi. Also, Paul was expressing his displeasure in those who should have been able to go but he didn't trust to fulfill their mission. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]). +* **But I expect in the Lord Jesus** - AT: "But, if the Lord Jesus is willing, I expect" +* **For they all** - Here the word "they" refers to a group of people Paul does not feel he can trust to send to Philippi. Paul is also expressing his displeasure with the group, who should have been able to go, but Paul does not trust them to fulfill their mission. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/php/02/22.md b/php/02/22.md index a05c8b9d2..4fdb5b987 100644 --- a/php/02/22.md +++ b/php/02/22.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Timothy has proven himself** - What Timothy has proven about himself can be made explicit: "Timothy has shown that he cares about the things of Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). +* **Timothy has proven himself** - AT: "Timothy has shown that he cares about the things of Christ" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **as a child serves his father, so he served with me** - Paul compares Timothy's service with him to a child serving his father. Paul is emphasizing the close father-son relationship he has with Timothy in serving Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **in the spread of the gospel** - "in telling people about the gospel" -* **I am confident in the Lord, that I will come soon** - This could be translated as "I am sure, if it is the Lord's will, that I will come soon." +* **in the spread of the gospel** - AT: "in telling people about the gospel" +* **I am confident in the Lord that I myself will come soon, also** - AT: "I am sure, if it is the Lord's will, that I will also come soon" diff --git a/php/02/25.md b/php/02/25.md index 7a0b7958d..41371faf2 100644 --- a/php/02/25.md +++ b/php/02/25.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Epaphroditus** - This is the name of a man sent by the Philippian Church to minister to Paul in prison. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **my brother and fellow-worker and fellow-soldier** - Here “soldier” is comparing a person who fights physical battles with a believer who fights spiritual battles. Paul is emphasizing that a believer has to struggle against evil in order to spread the gospel. This could be translated as "my fellow believer who works and struggles along with us." ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **and your messenger and minister to my need** - "and who brings your messages to me and helps when I am in need" -* **he was deeply distressed and longed to be with you all** - "he was very worried and wanted to be with you all" -* **sorrow upon sorrow** - The full meaning of this phrase can be made explicit: "sorrow added to the sorrow I already have from being in prison." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Epaphroditus** - This is the name of a man sent by the Philippian church to minister to Paul in prison. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **fellow worker and fellow soldier** - Here “soldier” is comparing a person who fights physical battles with a believer who fights spiritual battles. Paul is emphasizing that a believer has to struggle against evil in order to spread the gospel. AT: "fellow believer who works and struggles along with us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **and your messenger and minister to my need** - AT: "and who brings your messages to me and helps me when I am in need" +* **he was deeply distressed and longed to be with you all** - AT: "he was very worried and wanted to be with you all" +* **sorrow upon sorrow** - AT: "sorrow added to the sorrow I already have from being in prison" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/php/02/28.md b/php/02/28.md index 02eb3519c..0e98a13b8 100644 --- a/php/02/28.md +++ b/php/02/28.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Welcome Epaphroditus** - "Receive Epaphroditus" -* **in the Lord with all joy** - Possible meanings are 1) "as a fellow believer in the Lord with all joy" or 2) with great joy we have because the Lord Jesus loves us (UDB). -* **doing the work of Christ** - "working for Christ" (UDB) -* **supply my needs** - "provide what I need" +* **in the Lord with all joy** - AT: "as a fellow believer in the Lord with all joy" or "with the great joy we have because the Lord Jesus loves us" (UDB) +* **doing the work of Christ** - AT: "working for Christ" (UDB) +* **supply my needs** - AT: "provide what I needed" diff --git a/php/04/01.md b/php/04/01.md index de460e480..88606b019 100644 --- a/php/04/01.md +++ b/php/04/01.md @@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ * **in this way stand firm in the Lord, beloved friends.** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "So continue living for the Lord in the way that I have taught you, dear friends." * **I am pleading with Euodia, and I am pleading with Syntyche,** - these are women who were believers and helped Paul in the church at Philippi. This can be translated as "I beg Euodia and I beg Syntyche." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **be of the same mind in the Lord.** - The phrase "be of the same mind" means to have the same attitude or opinion. This can be translated as "agree with each other because you both believe in the same Lord." -* **Indeed, I am entreating you too, my true yoke-fellow,** - Here the word "you" is singular. Paul does not tell the name of the person. He just calls him "my true yoke-fellow" which refers to someone who has worked with Paul to spread the Gospel. This could be translated as "Yes, I ask you too, my true fellow-worker." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **Indeed, I am entreating you too, my true yoke-fellow,** - fellow,** - Here the word "you" is singular. Paul does not tell the name of the person. He just calls him "my true yoke-fellow" which refers to someone who has worked with Paul to spread the Gospel. This could be translated as "Yes, I ask you too, my true fellow-worker." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) * **along with Clement** - A man who was a believer and worker in the church at Philippi. * **whose names are in the book of life.** - "whose names are written in the Book of Life." diff --git a/php/04/04.md b/php/04/04.md index 20adfdf02..464ab53a9 100644 --- a/php/04/04.md +++ b/php/04/04.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **Your gentleness needs to be known to all people.** - "All people need to see how kind you are." * **The Lord is near** - Possible meanings are 1) The Lord Jesus is near to the believers in spirit or 2) the day the Lord Jesus will return to the earth is near. * **in everything by prayer in requests tell God what you need and thank him** - "ask God for everything you need with prayer and thanks." -* **which exceeds all understanding** - "which is more than our human minds can understand" +* **which exceeds all understanding** - "which is more than we can understand" * **will guard your hearts and your thoughts** - This presents God's peace as a soldier that protects our emotions and thoughts from worrying. This full meaning could be made explicit: "will be like a soldier and guard your emotions and thoughts from worrying about the troubles of this life. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/php/04/10.md b/php/04/10.md index a4abc10e0..04cf52421 100644 --- a/php/04/10.md +++ b/php/04/10.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **I know how to live** - Alternate translation: "I know how to have the right attitude" * **in times of need** - "when I do not have all I need" * **in times of abundance** - "when I have more than I need" -* **the secret how both to have plenty and to be hungry, how both to abound and to need** - The phrases "to have plenty and to be hungry" and "to abound and to need" mean basically the same thing. Paul uses these phrases to mean "all situations." Alternate translation: "the secret to being satisfied in all situations." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) +* **how both to have plenty and to be hungry, how both to abound and to need** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them to emphasize that he has learned how to be content in any situation. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) * **I can do all things through him who strengthens me.** - "I can do all things because Christ gives me strength." diff --git a/pro/01/01.md b/pro/01/01.md index 99ed88386..0ef6ef412 100644 --- a/pro/01/01.md +++ b/pro/01/01.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 2-33 are poetry. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* 33 are poetry. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **teach words of insight** - "teach the true nature of things" * **doing what is right, just, and fair** - "doing what is correct, what God's law says to do, and what is thought to be good or acceptable" diff --git a/pro/01/12.md b/pro/01/12.md index 98d1d3474..c7e110a5d 100644 --- a/pro/01/12.md +++ b/pro/01/12.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* Verses 12-14 ends the imagined statement of the sinners who are trying to get others to want to sin. +* 14 ends the imagined statement of the sinners who are trying to get others to want to sin. * **Let us swallow them up alive** - Like an animal might swallow its food, the wicked expect to destroy their victims. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **like Sheol takes away those who are healthy** - . The wicked expect to destroy their victims in the same way Sheol, the place of the dead, takes away even healthy people. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **purse** - bag for carrying money diff --git a/pro/02/03.md b/pro/02/03.md index 9e3869318..b90475b41 100644 --- a/pro/02/03.md +++ b/pro/02/03.md @@ -2,8 +2,12 @@ * [[en:tw:fear]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:silver]] +* [[en:tw:understand]] * [[en:tw:voice]] * [[en:tw:yahweh]] ## translationNotes +* **If you cry out for understanding and raise your voice for it** - Both parts of the verse mean “If you urgently ask God for understanding.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **if you seek it like you would seek silver and search for understanding as you would seek hidden treasures** - Both parts of the verse mean “if you seek understanding with as much effort as you search for a valuable object” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/pro/02/11.md b/pro/02/11.md index 65aef40eb..f3f199311 100644 --- a/pro/02/11.md +++ b/pro/02/11.md @@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Discretion will watch over you, understanding will guard you.** - AT: "Because you know what is right and wrong you will not be making mistakes," ([[:en:bible:notes:pro:02:16]]; See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) also (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]). +* **Discretion will watch over you, understanding will guard you** - AT: "Because you know what is right and wrong you will not be making mistakes" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **Discretion** - being careful in actions and speech -* ** They will rescue you from the way of evil, from those who speak perverse things** - AT: "You will not do and say what evil people do and say." See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) also (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]). +* **They will rescue you** - AT: "Discretion and understanding will rescue you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **from the way of evil, from those who speak perverse things** - These two phrases refer to two different aspects of evil to describe the full range of evil. AT: "from doing evil and talking in an evil way" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **they abandon** - The word "they" refers to the people who speak perverse things. * **abandon** - leave and never return to someone or something diff --git a/pro/03/21.md b/pro/03/21.md index fb0ebb1e9..1e22c703f 100644 --- a/pro/03/21.md +++ b/pro/03/21.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **do not lose sight of them** - do not lose sight of them "do not forget them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **do not lose sight of them** - "do not forget them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **adornment of favor** - a necklace that shows that God is pleased with the wearer diff --git a/pro/03/23.md b/pro/03/23.md index fd528240d..eb1d27fd7 100644 --- a/pro/03/23.md +++ b/pro/03/23.md @@ -6,4 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **your foot will not stumble** - "you will not do things that are wrong" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **your foot will not stumble** - AT: "you will not do things that are wrong" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **your sleep will be sweet** - "your sleep will be pleasant" or "you will sleep peacefully" diff --git a/pro/04/01.md b/pro/04/01.md index aebe55a19..d67a24408 100644 --- a/pro/04/01.md +++ b/pro/04/01.md @@ -9,5 +9,4 @@ * **pay attention** - "listen carefully" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **know what understanding is** - "understand what is wise" -* **I give you good precepts** - "What I am teaching you is good" or "I am giving you good instructions" -* **precepts** - commandments or directions given as a rule of action or conduct. +* **I am giving you good instructions ** - "What I am teaching you is good" diff --git a/pro/04/10.md b/pro/04/10.md index 5baf1a2da..f10568f02 100644 --- a/pro/04/10.md +++ b/pro/04/10.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **pay attention to my words** - "listen to what I teach you" * **direct** - to guide, or to show the way. * **I lead you down straight paths** - AT: "I have taught you to think and do the right thing." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **When you walk, no one will stand in your way and if you run, you will not stumble** - AT: "When you plan something you will succeed in doing it." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **When you walk, no one will stand in your way and if you run, you will not stumble** - AT: "When you plan something you will succeed in doing it." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/pro/04/24.md b/pro/04/24.md index 323e030ab..17922d79e 100644 --- a/pro/04/24.md +++ b/pro/04/24.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **Put crooked speech away from you** - AT: "Never tell lies" * **and put corrupt talk far from you** - AT: "don't ever say things that are not true" * **Let your eyes look straight ahead** - AT: "keep remembering your goal" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **and fix your gaze straight before you** - and fix your gaze straight before you AT: 'and plan to keep doing the right things" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **and fix your gaze straight before you** - AT: 'and plan to keep doing the right things" (See [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/pro/05/01.md b/pro/05/01.md index 52f2b5394..bd2122e2d 100644 --- a/pro/05/01.md +++ b/pro/05/01.md @@ -3,9 +3,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **My son ... my wisdom ... my understanding** - That is the son, the wisdom, and the understanding of the wise person who started teaching in chapter 1. -* **My son** - The son is the student of the wise person who is teaching. AT: "my child" or "my student" -* **pay attention to my wisdom; listen carefully to my understanding** - These two phrases repeat the same idea to make the student pay attention. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **discretion** - The quality of being careful with regard to one's actions and speech (see how you translated this in [[en/bible/notes/pro/01/04]]). +* **My son ... my wisdom ... my understanding** - That is the son, wisdom, and understanding of the wise person who started teaching in chapter 1. +* **pay attention to my wisdom; listen carefully to my understanding** - These two phrases express the same idea. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **discretion** - the quality of being careful with regard to one's actions and speech. See how you translated this in [[en/bible/notes/pro/01/04]]. * **your lips** - AT: "you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **may protect knowledge** - AT: "will say the right thing" diff --git a/pro/05/05.md b/pro/05/05.md index 022514827..40c83288d 100644 --- a/pro/05/05.md +++ b/pro/05/05.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Her feet go down to death ... her steps go all the way to Sheol** - These two phrases repeat the same idea to emphasize how dangerous she is. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **Her feet go ... her steps go ... her footsteps wander** - AT: "She goes ... she goes ... she wanders" This is the adulteress from [[:en:bible:notes:pro:05:03]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **Her feet go ... her steps go ... her footsteps wander** - AT: "She goes ... she goes ... she wanders" This is the adulteress from [[:en:bible:notes:pro:05:03]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Sheol** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:01:12]]. * **She gives no thought to** - "She does not follow" or "She does not care about" * **Her footsteps wander** - AT: "She walks around randomly" or "She walks without a sense of direction" diff --git a/pro/05/07.md b/pro/05/07.md index 76f75de9f..ab8da02a6 100644 --- a/pro/05/07.md +++ b/pro/05/07.md @@ -5,12 +5,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And now** - Here the teacher shifts from warning for the adulteress to concrete advice. -* **my sons** - AT: "my child" or "my student" -* **listen to me … do not turn away from listening …** - These two phrases repeat the same idea to make the student pay attention. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **And now** - Here the teacher shifts from warning about the adulteress to giving concrete advice. +* **listen to me … do not turn away from listening …** - These two phrases express the same idea to make the student pay attention. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **do not turn away from listening** - AT: "always listen" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **the words of my mouth** - AT: "my teachings" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Keep your path away … do not come near** - These two phrases repeat the same idea to emphasize the importance of this advice. +* **Keep your path away … do not come near** - These two phrases express the same idea to emphasize the importance of this advice. * **Keep your path far away from her** - Possible meanings are 1) keep a physical distance between you and the adulteress and 2) do not live in a similar way as her. * **do not come near** - "do not come close to" AT: "stay far away from" -* **the door of her house** - AT: "her" or "the adulteress" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **the door of her house** - AT: "her" or "the adulteress" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/pro/05/11.md b/pro/05/11.md index 9c2a858cf..f4504d2f8 100644 --- a/pro/05/11.md +++ b/pro/05/11.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **you will groan** - AT: "you will say, "Oh, no!" " -* ** your flesh and your body** - These two words basically mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how horrible death is. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* ** your flesh and your body** - The words "flesh" and "body" mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how horrible death is. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **waste away** - AT: "physically wear down" or "become weak and unhealthy" * **You will say** - AT: "You will think" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * ** I hated discipline ... my heart despised correction** - These two phrases repeat the same idea and are repeated to emphasize how much this person disliked what the teacher had said. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/pro/05/13.md b/pro/05/13.md index 7d2721755..d17b39793 100644 --- a/pro/05/13.md +++ b/pro/05/13.md @@ -3,5 +3,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **obey my teachers ... listen to my instructors** - These two phrases are repeated to emphasize the important role teachers play in making someone wise. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **assembly ... congregation** - Both words refer to a group of people who may have come together 1) to worship God, or 2) to decide on a legal matter. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **obey my teachers … listen to my instructors** - These two phrases are repeated to emphasize the important role teachers play in making someone wise. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **assembly … gathering of the people ** - Both words refer to a group of people who may have come together 1) to worship God, or 2) to decide on a legal matter. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/pro/05/15.md b/pro/05/15.md index dc74553c2..981c0aa13 100644 --- a/pro/05/15.md +++ b/pro/05/15.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **running water** - "flowing water" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Should your springs ... flow in the public squares?** - Possible meanings are 1) a euphemism for immoral sexual behavior and/or 2) a metaphor for illegitimate children. At the same time it is also a hyperbole, since it exaggerates the number of people you have sex with and/or the amount of illegitimate children you have. And it is also a rhetorical question that needs to be answered with "no". AT: "So do not go out and have sex with everyone you meet, and do not fill the streets with your illegitimate children" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]], [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]] and [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **public squares** - Open areas in a city or town where two or more streets meet. A common place for people to meet each other and talk. -* **Let them be** - The word "them" refers to the "springs" and "streams of water" and what they stand for. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **Let them be** - The word "them" refers to the "springs" and "streams of water" and what they stand for. * **not for strangers with you** - AT: "not for both strangers and you" or "exclusively for you; not for strangers too" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/pro/05/20.md b/pro/05/20.md index 34a276a33..072827c88 100644 --- a/pro/05/20.md +++ b/pro/05/20.md @@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ * **For why should you ... the breasts of a strange woman?** - "My son, do not be captivated by an adulteress! Do not embrace the breasts of a strange woman!" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **why should you, my son, be captivated by an adulteress** - AT: "why should an adulteress captivate you, my son" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **my son** - AT: “my child” or “my student” * **adulteress** - See how you translated this word in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:05:03]]. * **a stranger** - "a strange woman" AT: "a woman who is not your wife" * **... sees everything ... watches all the paths ...** - These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how carefully God pays attention to you. Therefore you can also translate in second person: "Yahweh sees everything you do and watches all the paths you take" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) diff --git a/pro/06/03.md b/pro/06/03.md index bddd12553..9ec387e41 100644 --- a/pro/06/03.md +++ b/pro/06/03.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In that case ** - In that case - This is the result of the if-then construction that came before. +* **In that case ** - This is the result of the if-then construction that came before. * **save yourself** - AT: "protect yourself" or "help yourself out of these problems" * **you are at the mercy of your neighbor** - AT: "your neighbor can bring harm to you if he wants to" or "you neighbor has power over you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **neighbor** - "friend" diff --git a/pro/06/20.md b/pro/06/20.md index 4aa33696e..d07afa22d 100644 --- a/pro/06/20.md +++ b/pro/06/20.md @@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **My son** - AT: "My child" or "My student" * **obey the command of your father ... do not forsake the teaching of your mother** - These two phrases on the one hand mean the same thing. On the other hand, the repeated emphasis on both "father" and "mother" explicitly includes women in the whole teaching-learning process. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **do not forsake the teaching of your mother** - AT: "obey the teaching of your mother" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **bind them on your heart; tie them about your neck** - These two phrases basically mean the same thing. They describe the commands and instructions as if they are written down so that you can put it in or on your body to remind yourself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/pro/06/24.md b/pro/06/24.md index 6b9a8f00a..e053d5c3e 100644 --- a/pro/06/24.md +++ b/pro/06/24.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It keeps you from** - "It saves you from" or "It protects you from" The word "it" here refers to the lessons taught by the father and mother in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:06:20]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **It keeps you from** - "It saves you from" or "It protects you from" The word "it" here refers to the lessons taught by the father and mother in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:06:20]]. * **the immoral woman … the adulteress** - These two words basically mean the same thing. See how you translated the word "adulteress" in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:05:03]]. * **immoral** - "morally evil" * **her beauty** - AT: "what is beautiful about her" or "her" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/pro/06/34.md b/pro/06/34.md index 50837203b..55d911c86 100644 --- a/pro/06/34.md +++ b/pro/06/34.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **furious** - "very angry" -* **he will show no mercy** - The "he" is the neighbor whose wife has committed adultery with another man. AT: "he will not limit the pain he will cause you" or "he will hurt you as much as he can" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **he will show no mercy** - The "he" is the neighbor whose wife has committed adultery with another man. AT: "he will not limit the pain he will cause you" or "he will hurt you as much as he can" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **when he takes his revenge** - "in the moment of his revenge" AT: "when the moment arrives when he can take his revenge" * **takes his revenge** - If a person takes revenge, it is to cause hurt to the person who hurt him first. * **compensation** - "payment" diff --git a/pro/07/13.md b/pro/07/13.md index 6961cd3ba..049b75ae6 100644 --- a/pro/07/13.md +++ b/pro/07/13.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **she** - She is the woman that was introduced in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:07:10]]. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **she** - She is the woman that was introduced in [[:en:bible:notes:pro:07:10]]. * **grabs him** - "takes hold of him firmly" * **with a bold face** - AT: "with a shameless expression on her face" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **your face** - AT: "you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/pro/07/16.md b/pro/07/16.md index 67143b6f7..474b5b49a 100644 --- a/pro/07/16.md +++ b/pro/07/16.md @@ -1,6 +1,7 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:egypt]] +* [[en:tw:sex]] ## translationNotes @@ -8,3 +9,4 @@ * **perfumed my bed** - "put sweet-smelling scents on my bed" * **aloes** - A type of wood from a tree that smells good. * **cinnamon** - This is a spice made from the bark of a tree that smells and tastes good. +* **let us take our fill of love till morning** - This means to make love the whole night. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) diff --git a/pro/07/19.md b/pro/07/19.md index 07f81059e..42a071cf4 100644 --- a/pro/07/19.md +++ b/pro/07/19.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **her ... she ... him** - The female is the married woman who wants to have sex with "him", that is the young man. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **her ... she ... him** - The female is the married woman who wants to have sex with "him," the young man. * **full moon** - The moon is "full" when it is a perfectly round disk. * **seductive talk ... smooth talk** - Both of these words basically mean the same thing and describe the woman using words to tempt the young man to have sex with her. AT: "sensual talk ... sweet words" or "sexual way of talking ... flattering speech" * **she compels him** - "she seduces him" AT: "she convinces him to commit adultery" diff --git a/pro/08/01.md b/pro/08/01.md index 84ec8a052..e3520d27e 100644 --- a/pro/08/01.md +++ b/pro/08/01.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **Does not Wisdom call out?** - This question is used to remind the readers of something they should already know. AT: "Wisdom calls out" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Does not Understanding raise her voice?** - AT: "Understanding shouts loudly" * **the city gate** - This is where people go in and out of a city that has a wall around it. -* **she calls out ** - she calls out - "Wisdom calls out for the people to listen to her" +* **she calls out ** - "Wisdom calls out for the people to listen to her" diff --git a/pro/08/19.md b/pro/08/19.md index 30d9a78fd..0f6bf1a16 100644 --- a/pro/08/19.md +++ b/pro/08/19.md @@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my fruit** - my fruit -* - what wisdom produces or causes +* **my fruit** - what wisdom produces or causes * **what I produce** - the benefit or gain that wisdom produces or causes * **I walk in the way that is right** - Living the right way is spoken of as walking on the right road. AT: "I live right" or “I do what is right” (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **in the paths that lead to justice** - This tells more of what is meant by “in the way that is right.” AT: “I do what is perfectly just” or “I only do what leads to justice” diff --git a/pro/08/22.md b/pro/08/22.md index b1b08342e..b737f9692 100644 --- a/pro/08/22.md +++ b/pro/08/22.md @@ -3,5 +3,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the first of his works of old** - "I was the first of his works of old" or "I was the first of the things he created long ago" +* **the first of his doings in ancient time** - "I was the first of the things he created long ago" +* **From ages long ago** - "Very long ago" * **I was set up** - AT: "God set me up" or "God appointed me" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/pro/08/26.md b/pro/08/26.md index 75a69a87e..e2a88c1ca 100644 --- a/pro/08/26.md +++ b/pro/08/26.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I was born … I was there** - This is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **I was born … I was there** - This is wisdom speaking about herself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **was born** - AT: "I was alive" * **established** - To establish something is to bring into being on a stable basis. AT: "created" or "made" * **drew the horizon** - This means to draw a round circle to show where the water and the sky meet when someone is looking at them. diff --git a/pro/08/28.md b/pro/08/28.md index 5124a7436..5bef561e7 100644 --- a/pro/08/28.md +++ b/pro/08/28.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ * Wisdom continues to speak. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **established** - brought into being on a stable basis * **the skies above** - As the UDB shows, this could be translated as either "skies above" or "clouds above." -* **when he made the fountains of the deep ** - when he made the fountains of the deep - "when he made the water from the springs under the deep oceans to flow up strongly" +* **when he made the fountains of the deep ** - "when he made the water from the springs under the deep oceans to flow up strongly" * **when he made limits for the sea** - "when he created the shorelines for the oceans" * **when he ordered where the foundations of the earth should be placed** - The "foundations of the earth" and the "limits for the sea" divided the oceans from "the land." The Hebrew word for "earth" also often means "land." diff --git a/pro/08/30.md b/pro/08/30.md index 567493599..d15015209 100644 --- a/pro/08/30.md +++ b/pro/08/30.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I was beside him** - This is still wisdom speaking. Wisdom now says she was right next to Yahweh. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **I was beside him** - This is still wisdom speaking. Wisdom now says she was right next to Yahweh. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **master craftsman** - This is a person who has trained for years to make useful things very well, like furniture or houses. * **delight** - AT: "source of joy" or "reason to be glad" * **day after day** - AT: "continually" or "the whole time" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/pro/08/32.md b/pro/08/32.md index c3243d9bd..ea2e9bca7 100644 --- a/pro/08/32.md +++ b/pro/08/32.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ * **And now** - This is to focus the attention of the students to the conclusion of this lesson. * **my sons** - AT: "my children" or "my students" -* **listen to me** - This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **listen to me** - This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **those who keep my ways** - AT: "those who do what I teach" or "the people who follow my example" * **neglect** - "disregard" AT: "pay no attention to" or "do not follow" * **The one who** - "The person who" or "He who" diff --git a/pro/08/35.md b/pro/08/35.md index 054b278c3..6f613a758 100644 --- a/pro/08/35.md +++ b/pro/08/35.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **finds me ... find me ... hate me** - This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **finds me ... find me ... hate me** - This is still wisdom talking about herself. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/pro/09/03.md b/pro/09/03.md index 39113477b..bf09b8124 100644 --- a/pro/09/03.md +++ b/pro/09/03.md @@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **She has sent out** - The word "she" refers to Wisdom, which is compared to a woman from [[:en:bible:notes:pro:09:01]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **She has sent out** - The word "she" refers to Wisdom, which is compared to a woman from [[:en:bible:notes:pro:09:01]]. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **invitations** - These invitations were either verbal messages that the maids were supposed to recite, or they were written letters addressed to the people wisdom wanted to invite. * **her maids** - Young women or girls, in the service of a respectable, adult woman, like wisdom. * **she calls out** - "she proclaims" or "she summons" AT: "she loudly recites her invitation" -* **all who are not taught … those who do not have good judgment** - These two phrases describe the same group of people, namely people who need more wisdom in their lives. +* **those who are unaught … those who do not have good judgment** - These two phrases describe the same group of people, namely people who need more wisdom in their lives. * **who are not taught** - This does not mean people who did not go to school, but people who do not yet know how to live. "who are young and naïve" * **come in here** - AT: "come into my house" or "are welcome in my house" * **do not have good judgement** - AT: "lacks wisdom" or "do not have common sense" (UDB) diff --git a/pro/09/05.md b/pro/09/05.md index fb5198e9b..0e6faeccf 100644 --- a/pro/09/05.md +++ b/pro/09/05.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my food ... I have mixed** - This is still wisdom speaking like a person. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **my food ... I have mixed** - This is still wisdom speaking like a person. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **the wine I have mixed** - In ancient Israel, people often mixed wine with water. AT: "the drinks that I have prepared". * **your untaught ways** - "your naïve ways" AT: "your young and naïve way of living" * **the way of understanding** - AT: "the way of living that is full of understanding" or "the manner of living that shows you have understanding" diff --git a/pro/10/16.md b/pro/10/16.md index 5e1ce05f9..948fe5343 100644 --- a/pro/10/16.md +++ b/pro/10/16.md @@ -5,4 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* There are no translation notes for this chunk +* **The wage...the profit** - These terms normally refer to a worker and the money he earns. Here it refers to the results of either doing what is right or doing what is wrong. +* **There is a path to life for the one who follows discipline** - "The person who listens to wise instruction will have a long and happy life" +* **but the one who rejects a reproof is led astray** - AT: "but the one who does not listen to wise instruction will not have a good life" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **reproof** - This is a correction or rebuke someone gives to another who is doing something bad. diff --git a/pro/16/01.md b/pro/16/01.md index abd35ecf9..e3af9f581 100644 --- a/pro/16/01.md +++ b/pro/16/01.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the answer of the tongue** - the spoken or expressed answer (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the answer from his tongue** - what Yahweh says will happen (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **in his own eyes** - "in his opinion" (See [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **weighs** - judges, evaluates * **spirits** - "motives" or "intentions" diff --git a/pro/17/03.md b/pro/17/03.md index 2fdd9a9f3..169a17465 100644 --- a/pro/17/03.md +++ b/pro/17/03.md @@ -5,4 +5,3 @@ * **crucible** - a pot in which metals are melted at a very high temperature * **Yahweh refines hearts** - AT: "Yahweh tests hearts" Just as heating gold and silver removes whatever is impure, so testing by Yahweh removes evil and foolishness from hearts. -* **gives ear to** - listens to (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/pro/17/07.md b/pro/17/07.md index decab624f..6d6177141 100644 --- a/pro/17/07.md +++ b/pro/17/07.md @@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Eloquent speech** - "Fine speech" or "Excellent speech" -* **much less would lying lips be suitable for royalty** - It is not appropriate for honorable people to lie. +* **much less are lying lips suitable for royalty** - It is not appropriate for honorable people to lie. diff --git a/pro/17/15.md b/pro/17/15.md index 60ab7d560..13db6a7b8 100644 --- a/pro/17/15.md +++ b/pro/17/15.md @@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Acquitting the wicked and condemning those who do right** - AT: "The one who acquits the wicked and the one who condemns those who do right" -* **Acquitting** - justifying, declaring someone not guilty -* Why should a fool pay money to learn about wisdom, -* AT: "Money to buy wisdom is of no use to a fool since he has no sense." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Anyone who acquits the wicked or condemns those who do right** - AT: "The one who acquits the wicked and the one who condemns those who do right" +* **Acquit** - justify, declare someone not guilty +* **Why should a fool pay money to learn about wisdom, when he has no ability to learn it?** - AT: "Money to buy wisdom is of no use to a fool since he has no sense." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/psa/002/001.md b/psa/002/001.md index 7f30005bb..f9c607c05 100644 --- a/psa/002/001.md +++ b/psa/002/001.md @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:writing_poetry]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] * **Why are the nations in rebellion, and why do the peoples conspire in vain?** - AT: "The nations are rebelling and plotting against God in vain. " AT: "Why do the leaders of nations rage against Yahweh? Why do people rebel against him, even though it is in vain?" (UDB) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **The kings of the earth take their stand together ... rulers conspire together** - These clauses have similar meanings. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **take their stand together** - AT: "unite" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/psa/119/007.md b/psa/119/007.md index 71149c59d..32e904190 100644 --- a/psa/119/007.md +++ b/psa/119/007.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I will give thanks to you with a sincere heart** - AT: "My heart will be sincere as I praise you" or "I will sincerely give you thinks" +* **I will give thanks to you with a sincere heart** - AT: "I will sincerely give you thinks" * **sincere** - "truthful" or "pure" diff --git a/psa/130/003.md b/psa/130/003.md index 82f67d190..2dc8c536b 100644 --- a/psa/130/003.md +++ b/psa/130/003.md @@ -1,12 +1,9 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:forgive]] -* [[en:tw:forgive|forgive, forgiveness]] * [[en:tw:iniquity]] -* [[en:tw:iniquity|iniquity]] * [[en:tw:reverence]] -* [[en:tw:reverence|reverence]] ## translationNotes -* **who could stand?** - "you would say no one is innocent." or "you would say that everyone is guilty." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **who could stand?** - AT: "you would say no one is innocent." or "you would say everyone is guilty." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/rev/01/04.md b/rev/01/04.md index 1a0027a05..b832d9ae0 100644 --- a/rev/01/04.md +++ b/rev/01/04.md @@ -33,6 +33,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **peace from him who is** - "peace from God, who is" -* **spirits ** - spirits - It is implied that these spirits are angels because they are before the throne of God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **spirits ** - It is implied that these spirits are angels because they are before the throne of God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **has released us** - AT: "has set us free" * **made us a kingdom** - "set us apart and begun to rule over us" diff --git a/rev/01/17.md b/rev/01/17.md index 166515775..b7e5716e5 100644 --- a/rev/01/17.md +++ b/rev/01/17.md @@ -14,5 +14,5 @@ ## translationNotes * John's continued vision of a Son of Man among the lampstands -* **He placed his right hand on me ** - He placed his right hand on me - AT: "He touched me with his right hand" +* **He placed his right hand on me ** - AT: "He touched me with his right hand" * **I am the First and the Last** - This refers to being the first to live and the last to live implying his eternal nature. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) diff --git a/rev/01/19.md b/rev/01/19.md index b2fbaa89e..66700e3a8 100644 --- a/rev/01/19.md +++ b/rev/01/19.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * The Son of Man among the lamp stands continues to speak. -* **golden lampstands ** - golden lampstands - Translate this the same as you did in [[en:bible:notes:rev:01:09]]. +* **golden lampstands ** - Translate this the same as you did in [[en:bible:notes:rev:01:09]]. * **seven churches** - Translate this the same as you did in [[en:bible:notes:rev:01:09]]. diff --git a/rev/02/01.md b/rev/02/01.md index cb0b0028d..e0000c915 100644 --- a/rev/02/01.md +++ b/rev/02/01.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **who claim themselves to be apostles** - "who say they are apostles" +* **who claim themselves to be apostles** - AT: "who say they are apostles" diff --git a/rev/02/16.md b/rev/02/16.md index 87ec55df9..0067a7304 100644 --- a/rev/02/16.md +++ b/rev/02/16.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **with the sword that comes out of my mouth ** - with the sword that comes out of my mouth - Refers to the "sword" in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:01:14]]. -* **If you have an ear ** - If you have an ear - See translation in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:02:06]]. -* **To the one who conquers ** - To the one who conquers - AT: "To any person who is victorious" +* **with the sword that comes out of my mouth ** - Refers to the "sword" in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:01:14]]. +* **If you have an ear ** - See translation in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:02:06]]. +* **To the one who conquers ** - AT: "To any person who is victorious" diff --git a/rev/03/01.md b/rev/03/01.md index fe461ad10..da32c35cd 100644 --- a/rev/03/01.md +++ b/rev/03/01.md @@ -9,4 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* There are no notes for this chunk. +* **The words of** - "These are the words of" +* **I have not found your deeds complete** - "I have determined that your actions are not adequate" diff --git a/rev/03/03.md b/rev/03/03.md index 4671b2146..d054ae97e 100644 --- a/rev/03/03.md +++ b/rev/03/03.md @@ -12,5 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes +* **wake up** - This expression means they should start acting correctly. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **I will come as a thief** - Jesus will come at an unexpected time, just as a thief is not expected. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **did not make their clothes dirty** - Dirty clothes represent sin in their lives. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **dressed in white** - White clothes represent a pure life. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rev/03/05.md b/rev/03/05.md index af08fde26..e42b7531f 100644 --- a/rev/03/05.md +++ b/rev/03/05.md @@ -10,5 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the one who conquers- ** - the one who conquers- AT: "Any person who defeats" -* **If you have an ear……the churches ** - If you have an ear……the churches - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:03:07]]. +* **the one who conquers** - AT: "Any person who defeats" +* **clothed in white garments** - White clothes represent a pure life. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **wipe his name out of the book of life** - Removing a person's name from the book represents removing the person from life. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **If you have an ear……the churches ** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:03:07]]. diff --git a/rev/03/07.md b/rev/03/07.md index 14df2b6c2..71a302005 100644 --- a/rev/03/07.md +++ b/rev/03/07.md @@ -11,4 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **key of David ** - The "key" represents spiritual authority or power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **key of David** - The "key" represents spiritual authority or power. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **open door** - This represents an opportunity to serve God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **have not denied** - TA: "have acknowledged" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **my name** - "me" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/rev/03/09.md b/rev/03/09.md index c5defb6e8..1c0ef70c7 100644 --- a/rev/03/09.md +++ b/rev/03/09.md @@ -16,4 +16,6 @@ * **synagogue of Satan ... Jews but are not** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:02:08]]. * **bow down** - This is a sign of submission, not worship. +* **before your feet** - AT: "before you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **to test those** - AT: "that will test those" +* **Hold tight** - AT: "Continue to believe" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/rev/03/14.md b/rev/03/14.md index 8ce5ef98b..d95c6ee1e 100644 --- a/rev/03/14.md +++ b/rev/03/14.md @@ -13,4 +13,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The words of the Amen ** - The words of the Amen - AT: "the words of the one who is called the Amen" +* **The words of the Amen ** - AT: "These are the words of the one who is called the Amen" +* **cold nor hot** - This represents two extremes of spiritual interest. To be "cold" is to be completely against God, and to be "hot" is to be zealous to serve him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **lukewarm** - "slightly warm." This describes someone who has only a small amount of spiritual interest or conviction. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rev/03/17.md b/rev/03/17.md index e03bd2e19..e69826b3e 100644 --- a/rev/03/17.md +++ b/rev/03/17.md @@ -7,4 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* There are no notes for this chunk. +* **most miserable, pitiable, poor, blind and naked** - These terms refer to a person who is in very bad spiritual condition, but does not know they their situation is so bad. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **become rich** - This refers to becoming spiritually clean and having a good relationship with God. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **brilliant white garments** - White garments represent spiritual purity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rev/03/19.md b/rev/03/19.md index ab06c92ce..755ceacd7 100644 --- a/rev/03/19.md +++ b/rev/03/19.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **be earnest and repent** - "be serious and repent" * **I stand at the door and knock** - The "door" represents our life, or soul, that Christ wants to enter. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **hears my voice** - The "voice" represents Christ's call. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **opens the door ** - This represents the decision to welcome and invite Christ in. -* **have a meal with him** - This represents relationship, friendship, fellowship. +* **opens the door ** - This represents the decision to welcome and invite Christ in. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **have a meal with him** - This represents relationship, friendship, fellowship. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rev/03/21.md b/rev/03/21.md index 8ee6b470c..42d01110b 100644 --- a/rev/03/21.md +++ b/rev/03/21.md @@ -12,4 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **The one who conquers** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:02:06]]. AT: "Any person who defeats". +* **sit down with me on my throne** - To sit on a throne means to rule. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **If you have an ear ** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:02:06]]. diff --git a/rev/04/01.md b/rev/04/01.md index e45f9d64c..707f44912 100644 --- a/rev/04/01.md +++ b/rev/04/01.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **after these things** - after what John saw after Jesus spoke to the seven churches ([[:en:bible:notes:rev:02:01]]). -* **that a door had opened to heaven ** - that a door had opened to heaven - AT: "an entrance to heaven" +* **that a door had opened to heaven ** - AT: "an entrance to heaven" * **jasper and carnelian** - semi-precious stones. We are uncertain what specific colors they are. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **rainbow** - the colors people can see when the sun shines behind them and rain is falling in front of them * **emerald** - a green semi-precious stone diff --git a/rev/05/03.md b/rev/05/03.md index 3fd70445b..d930f16a6 100644 --- a/rev/05/03.md +++ b/rev/05/03.md @@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Root of David ** - Root of David - AT: "descendant and heir of King David" (UDB) +* **Root of David ** - AT: "descendant and heir of King David" (UDB) diff --git a/rev/05/09.md b/rev/05/09.md index c99d77c6b..3dc4de20d 100644 --- a/rev/05/09.md +++ b/rev/05/09.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **They** - The word "They" here refers to the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders. -* **For you were slaughtered - ** - AT: "For they killed you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **For you were slaughtered - ** - ** AT: "For they killed you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rev/06/05.md b/rev/06/05.md index a43c0a856..e9a494a7c 100644 --- a/rev/06/05.md +++ b/rev/06/05.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * ** opened the third seal ** - opened seal number three -* **choenix ** - choenix - This refers to a specific measure that is almost one quart. (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalvolume]]) +* **choenix ** - This refers to a specific measure that is about one liter. (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalvolume]]) * **a measure of wheat** - This refers to a specific measure that was equal to one liter. (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalvolume]]) * **one denarius** - This coin was worth a day's wages.(See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalmoney]]) diff --git a/rev/06/09.md b/rev/06/09.md index 980be1c59..49eb26c7c 100644 --- a/rev/06/09.md +++ b/rev/06/09.md @@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **they held with conviction ** - they held with conviction - AT: "they firmly believed" or "they strongly believed" +* **they held with conviction ** - AT: "they firmly believed" or "they strongly believed" diff --git a/rev/06/15.md b/rev/06/15.md index 523f0e572..3679b562f 100644 --- a/rev/06/15.md +++ b/rev/06/15.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **and the generals** - This word refers to the warriors who command in the battle, -* **hid in caves ** - hid in caves - AT: "hid in a large hole in the side of a hill" or "hid in a hole dug in the ground" +* **hid in caves ** - AT: "hid in a large hole in the side of a hill" or "hid in a hole dug in the ground" * ** face of him ** - The pronoun "him" refers to God. diff --git a/rev/07/04.md b/rev/07/04.md index 588c44d33..470b8f1f5 100644 --- a/rev/07/04.md +++ b/rev/07/04.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **who were sealed** - who were sealed- AT: "who had the the mark of God upon them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **twelve thousand** - twelve thousand- 12, 000 in each tribe (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **who were sealed** - AT: "who had the the mark of God upon them" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **twelve thousand** - 12, 000 in each tribe (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **144,000** - These are the twelve groups of 12,000 from each tribe. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **every tribe of the people of Israel ** - every tribe of the people of Israel - There were twelve tribes in Israel, each named for one of Jacob's sons. +* **every tribe of the people of Israel ** - There were twelve tribes in Israel, each named for one of Jacob's sons. diff --git a/rev/11/01.md b/rev/11/01.md index ead5a52c9..60f2b73be 100644 --- a/rev/11/01.md +++ b/rev/11/01.md @@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ * **given to me…I was told** - The words "me" and "I" refer to John. * **trample** - to treat something as worthless by walking on it. -* **forty-two months** - AT: "42 months" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **forty-two months** - two months** - AT: "42 months" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/rev/11/06.md b/rev/11/06.md index ac4e39c5f..8171071d4 100644 --- a/rev/11/06.md +++ b/rev/11/06.md @@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **to strike the earth with every kind of plague ** - to strike the earth with every kind of plague - This phrase refers to causing all kinds of trouble to happen on the earth. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **to strike the earth with every kind of plague ** - This phrase refers to causing all kinds of trouble to happen on the earth. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **the deep and endless** - The word "endless" means without a bottom. Both of these words refer to the pit being very deep. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/rev/11/08.md b/rev/11/08.md index c9afc7321..cf284988e 100644 --- a/rev/11/08.md +++ b/rev/11/08.md @@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **three and a half days ** - three and a half days - "3 full days and one half day: or "3.5 days" or "3 1/2 days" (See: TranslateNumbers) +* **three and a half days ** - "3 full days and one half day: or "3.5 days" or "3 1/2 days" (See: TranslateNumbers) diff --git a/rev/11/10.md b/rev/11/10.md index 7585df1ed..fc4f9b617 100644 --- a/rev/11/10.md +++ b/rev/11/10.md @@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **three and a half days ** - three and a half days - “3 full days and one half day: or “3.5 days” or “3 1/2 days” (See: TranslateNumbers) +* **three and a half days ** - “3 full days and one half day: or “3.5 days” or “3 1/2 days” (See: TranslateNumbers) diff --git a/rev/11/16.md b/rev/11/16.md index 0019d7214..6073748a1 100644 --- a/rev/11/16.md +++ b/rev/11/16.md @@ -16,5 +16,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Twenty-four elders** - "24 elders" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) -* **with their faces down ** - with their faces down - the front side of the whole body is being referred to as their "face" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Twenty-four elders** - four elders** - "24 elders" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **with their faces down ** - the front side of the whole body is being referred to as their "face" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/rev/12/13.md b/rev/12/13.md index 8b82f6cf7..b1898e11f 100644 --- a/rev/12/13.md +++ b/rev/12/13.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **dragon** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rev:12:03]]. -* **dragon realized he had been was thrown down to earth** - dragon realized he had been was thrown down to earth- AT: "dragon realized that God had thrown him out of heaven and sent him to earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **dragon realized he had been was thrown down to earth** - AT: "dragon realized that God had thrown him out of heaven and sent him to earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **time, times, and half a time** - AT: "3.5 years" or "3 1/2 years" or "three whole years and one half year" diff --git a/rev/13/05.md b/rev/13/05.md index 6e15b33ca..032752e57 100644 --- a/rev/13/05.md +++ b/rev/13/05.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **The beast was given...He was permitted** - AT: "God gave the beast...God permitted the beast" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **forty-two month** - “42 months” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **forty-two month** - two month** - “42 months” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **insulting his name** - AT: "insulting God's reputation or character" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/rev/14/14.md b/rev/14/14.md index 6e6d91268..046833bc3 100644 --- a/rev/14/14.md +++ b/rev/14/14.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **one like a Son of Man** - one like a Son of Man- See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:rev:01:12]]. +* **one like a Son of Man** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:rev:01:12]]. * **sickle** - a tool with a curved bladed used for cutting grass, grain, and vines * **came out of the temple** - "came out of the heavenly temple" * **the earth was harvested** - AT: "he harvested the earth" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rev/14/17.md b/rev/14/17.md index 5fdc1d89e..53f87a875 100644 --- a/rev/14/17.md +++ b/rev/14/17.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the metaphor about God's judgment of all the people of the earth. (See: [[en:bible:notes:rev:14:14]]) +* 16]]) diff --git a/rev/14/19.md b/rev/14/19.md index a18f902af..6c6da3b91 100644 --- a/rev/14/19.md +++ b/rev/14/19.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* This continues the metaphor about God's judgment of all the people of the earth. (See: [[en:bible:notes:rev:14:14]]) +* 16]]) * **great wine vat...winepress** - These refer to the same container. * **bridle** - a device that goes around a horse's head and is used for directing the horse diff --git a/rev/15/05.md b/rev/15/05.md index 604f78af0..46a4abde1 100644 --- a/rev/15/05.md +++ b/rev/15/05.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ * [[en:tw:plague]] * [[en:tw:purify]] * [[en:tw:temple]] +* [[en:tw:tentofmeeting]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/rev/16/17.md b/rev/16/17.md index 6708ef8c9..d2252bb70 100644 --- a/rev/16/17.md +++ b/rev/16/17.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ * God completely destroys Babylon. * **poured out his bowl** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:rev:16:02]]. * **Then a loud voice came out of the most holy place and from the throne** - This means someone sitting on the throne or someone standing near the throne spoke loudly. It is unclear who is speaking. -* **The great city was split ** - The great city was split - AT: "The earthquake split the great city" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **The great city was split ** - AT: "The earthquake split the great city" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **Then God called to mind** - "Then God remembered" or "Then God thought of" * **he gave that city the cup filled with the wine made from his furious wrath** - God severely punished the people and made them suffer badly. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **he gave that city the cup** - "he forced that city to drink from the cup" diff --git a/rev/19/03.md b/rev/19/03.md index 2f3e8ed63..3c4a0a1fd 100644 --- a/rev/19/03.md +++ b/rev/19/03.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ * **Hallelujah** - See how you translated this in [[en:bible:notes:rev:19:01]] * **from her forever and ever** - "from the idolators forever and ever." AT: "from those who have prostituted themselves and will suffer forever and ever" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **twenty-four elders** - 24 elders (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **twenty-four elders** - four elders** - 24 elders (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) diff --git a/rev/21/07.md b/rev/21/07.md index 85b20c30f..f3d2d08d6 100644 --- a/rev/21/07.md +++ b/rev/21/07.md @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ * [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:deceive]] +* [[en:tw:faithless]] * [[en:tw:fornication]] * [[en:tw:hell]] * [[en:tw:idol]] @@ -9,7 +10,6 @@ * [[en:tw:son]] * [[en:tw:sorcery]] * [[en:tw:sulfur]] -* [[en:tw:unbeliever]] ## translationNotes diff --git a/rom/01/01.md b/rom/01/01.md index 229c70f92..5661cf0fe 100644 --- a/rom/01/01.md +++ b/rom/01/01.md @@ -1,26 +1,43 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:apostle]] +* [[en:tw:apostle|apostle, apostleship]] * [[en:tw:call]] +* [[en:tw:call|call, calling, called, call out]] * [[en:tw:david]] +* [[en:tw:david|David]] * [[en:tw:descendant]] +* [[en:tw:descendant|descendant]] * [[en:tw:flesh]] +* [[en:tw:flesh|flesh]] * [[en:tw:god]] +* [[en:tw:god|God]] * [[en:tw:goodnews]] +* [[en:tw:goodnews|good news, gospel]] * [[en:tw:holy]] +* [[en:tw:holy|holy, holiness]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] +* [[en:tw:jesus|Jesus, Jesus Christ, Christ Jesus]] * [[en:tw:paul]] +* [[en:tw:paul|Paul, Saul]] * [[en:tw:promise]] +* [[en:tw:promise|promise]] * [[en:tw:prophet]] +* [[en:tw:prophet|prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess]] * [[en:tw:servant]] +* [[en:tw:servant|servant, slave, slavery]] * [[en:tw:setapart]] +* [[en:tw:setapart|set apart]] * [[en:tw:sonofgod]] +* [[en:tw:sonofgod|Son of God, the Son]] * [[en:tw:wordofgod]] +* [[en:tw:wordofgod|word of God, word of Yahweh, word of the Lord, scripture]] ## translationNotes * **Paul** - “From Paul.” Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. This could be translated as “I, Paul, wrote this letter.” You may also need to tell who the letter is to ([[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:01]], see UDB). -* **called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God** - This could be translated as a new sentence and with active verbs: "God called me to be an apostle and chose me to tell people about the Gospel. " (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God** - This could be translated as a new sentence and with active verbs. AT: "God called me to be an apostle and chose me to tell people about the gospel" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **called** - Here this means that God has appointed or chosen people to be his children, to be his servants and proclaimers of his message of salvation through Jesus * **he promised before by his prophets in the holy scriptures** - God promised his people that he would set up his kingdom. He told the prophets to write these promises in the scriptures. * **concerning his Son** - This refers to "the gospel of God," the good news that God was to send his Son into the world. -* **who was born out of the descendants of David according to the flesh** - Here the word "flesh" refers to the physical body. This could be translated as "who is a descendant of David according to the physical nature" or "who was born into the family of David." +* **who was born out of the descendants of David according to the flesh** - Here the word "flesh" refers to the physical body. AT: "who is a descendant of David according to the physical nature" or "who was born into the family of David" diff --git a/rom/01/04.md b/rom/01/04.md index ddf83b8f4..d23e9ebee 100644 --- a/rom/01/04.md +++ b/rom/01/04.md @@ -16,8 +16,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **He was declared** - The word "he" refers to Jesus Christ. The phrase "was declared" could be restated with an active verb: "God declared him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **He was declared** - The word "he" refers to Jesus Christ. The phrase "was declared" could be restated with an active verb. AT: "God declared him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **spirit of holiness** - This refers to the Holy Spirit. -* **by the resurrection from the dead** - "by bringing him back to life after he died" -* **we have received grace and apostleship** - "God has graciously given me a gift. He has appointing me to be an apostle." Alternate translation: "God has given me the gracious gift of being an apostle." Here the word "we" refers to Paul and to the 12 apostles that followed Jesus but excludes the believers in the church in Rome. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) -* **for obedience of faith among all the nations, for the sake of his name** - Paul uses the word "name" to refer to Jesus. Alternate translation: "in order to teach all nations to obey because of their faith in Him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **by the resurrection from the dead** - AT: "by bringing him back to life after he died" +* **we have received grace and apostleship** - AT: "God has graciously given me a gift. He has appointed me to be an apostle" or "God has given me the gracious gift of being an apostle" (See:[[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hendiadys]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **we** - Here the word "we" refers to Paul and to the 12 apostles that followed Jesus but excludes the believers in the church in Rome. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_exclusive]]) +* **for obedience of faith among all the nations, for the sake of his name** - Paul uses the word "name" to refer to Jesus. AT: "in order to teach all nations to obey because of their faith in Him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/rom/01/07.md b/rom/01/07.md index bcfc56a7a..50de43e65 100644 --- a/rom/01/07.md +++ b/rom/01/07.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **to all who are in Rome, the beloved of God, and who are called to be saints ** - to all who are in Rome, the beloved of God, and who are called to be saints - This can be translated as a new sentence and with an active verb: "I am writing this letter to all of you in Rome whom God loves and has chosen to become his people." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **grace to you and peace ** - grace to you and peace - This could be translated as a new sentence: “May grace and peace be yours." +* **to all who are in Rome, the beloved of God, and who are called to be saints ** - This can be translated as a new sentence and with an active verb. AT: "I am writing this letter to all of you in Rome whom God loves and has chosen to become his people." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **grace to you and peace ** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: “May grace and peace be yours." diff --git a/rom/01/08.md b/rom/01/08.md index bae3483a4..c0c3b3429 100644 --- a/rom/01/08.md +++ b/rom/01/08.md @@ -15,10 +15,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the whole world** - This is an exaggeration referring to the world they knew, which in this context is the Roman Empire. -* **For God is my witness** - Paul wants to add emphasis that he earnestly prays for them and God has seen him praying. The word "for" is often left untranslated. +* **the whole world** - This is an exaggeration referring to the world they knew, which in their case would mean the Roman Empire. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **For God is my witness** - Paul emphasizes that he earnestly prays for them and that God has seen him praying. The word "for" is often left untranslated. +* **in my spirit** - Here this means that a person's spirit is the part of him that can know God and believe in him. * **I make mention of you** - "I talk to God about you" -* **always in my prayers requesting that...I may be successful...in coming to you** - "Every time I pray, I ask God that...I may succeed...in coming to visit you" -* **by any means** - "in whatever way God allows" -* **at last** - "eventually" or "finally" or "in the end" -* **by the will of God** - "because God desires it" +* **always in my prayers requesting that...I may be successful...in coming to you** - AT: "every time I pray, I ask God that...I may succeed...in coming to visit you" +* **by any means** - AT: "in whatever way God allows" +* **at last** - AT: "eventually" or "finally" +* **by the will of God** - AT: "because God desires it" diff --git a/rom/01/11.md b/rom/01/11.md index 9c5da4a5d..d049015b5 100644 --- a/rom/01/11.md +++ b/rom/01/11.md @@ -7,5 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **For I desire to see you** - "For I want to see you" -* **For** -
    The word "for" in this context should be translated "because".
  • some spiritual gift in order to establish you - Alternate translation: "some gift from the Holy Spirit that will help and strengthen you."
-* **that is, to be mutually encouraged among you, through each other's faith, yours' and mine.** - "I mean that I want us to encourage each other by sharing our experiences of faith in Jesus." +* **For** - AT: "because" +* **some spiritual gift in order to establish you** - AT: "some gift from the Holy Spirit that will help and strengthen you" +* **that is, to be mutually encouraged among you, through each other's faith, yours' and mine** - AT: "I mean that I want us to encourage each other by sharing our experiences of faith in Jesus" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/01/13.md b/rom/01/13.md index 392dd2126..b871fc6f4 100644 --- a/rom/01/13.md +++ b/rom/01/13.md @@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I do not want you to be unaware** - Paul is emphasizing that he wanted them to have this information. Alternate translation: "I want you to know the following:" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **and was hindered until now** - "something has always prevented me" +* **I do not want you to be unaware** - Paul is emphasizing that he wanted them to have this information. AT: "I want you to know the following:" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **brothers** - Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. +* **and was hindered until now** - "something has always prevented me" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **have some fruit** - "Fruit" represents people in Rome whom Paul wants to lead to believe the gospel. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **just as there was among the rest of the Gentiles** - "just as people have come to believe the gospel in other Gentile nations." +* **just as there was among the rest of the Gentiles** - "just as people have come to believe the gospel in other Gentile nations" * **I am debtor both to** - "I must take the gospel to" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/01/16.md b/rom/01/16.md index 17d6145e0..a203be483 100644 --- a/rom/01/16.md +++ b/rom/01/16.md @@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **For I am not ashamed** - Paul explains why he wants to preach the gospel in Rome. -* **I am not ashamed of the gospel** - Alternate translation: "I am confident when I speak about the gospel, even if many people reject it." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **For in it** - Paul explains why he preaches the gospel with confidence. -* **power of God for salvation for everyone who believes** - "Through the gospel God powerfully saves those who believe in Christ." -* **to the Jew first and to the Greek** - "to Jewish people" and "to Greek people." -* **first** - The good news was preached to Jews before the Greeks, so the primary meaning here is probably 1) first in order of time, but it could also mean 2) "most importantly." -* **God's righteousness is revealed from faith to faith** - "God has revealed that it is by faith from beginning to end that people become righteous." Alternate translations: "God has revealed his righteousness to those who have faith, and as a result they have more faith" or "Because God is faithful, he reveals his righteousness, and as a result people have more faith." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **The righteous will live by faith** - "It is people who trust in God that he considers right with him, and they will live forever." +* **I am not ashamed of the gospel** - AT: "I am confident when I speak about the gospel, even if many people reject it" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **For in it** - "It" refers to the gospel. Paul explains why he preaches the gospel with confidence. +* **it is the power of God for salvation for everyone who believes** - AT: "it is through the gospel God powerfully saves those who believe in Christ" +* **to the Jew first and to the Greek** - AT: "to Jewish people and to Greek people" +* **first** - Possible meanings are 1) "first in order of time" or 2) "most importantly." +* **God's righteousness is revealed from faith to faith** - "God has revealed that it is by faith from beginning to end that people become righteous" AT: "God has revealed his righteousness to those who have faith, and as a result they have more faith" or "Because God is faithful, he reveals his righteousness, and as a result people have more faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **The righteous will live by faith** - AT: "It is people who trust in God that he considers right with him, and they will live forever" diff --git a/rom/01/18.md b/rom/01/18.md index 418d4f47f..209974ded 100644 --- a/rom/01/18.md +++ b/rom/01/18.md @@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **For the wrath** - Paul explains why people need to hear the gospel. -* **the wrath of God is revealed** - Alternate translation: "God reveals his anger." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **against** - "toward" -* **all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people** - Alternate translation: "all the ungodly and unrighteous things that people do." -* **hold back the truth** - Alternate translation: "they hide the true information about God." -* **that which is known about God is visible to them** - Alternate translation: "they can know about God because of what they can see." +* **the wrath of God is revealed** - AT: "God reveals his anger" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **against** - AT: "toward" +* **all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people** - AT: "all the ungodly and unrighteous things that people do" +* **hold back the truth** - AT: "they hide the true information about God" +* **that which is known about God is visible to them** - AT: "they can know about God because of what they can see" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **For God** - Paul shows why these people know things about God. -* **God has enlightened them** - Alternate translation: "God has shown it to them." +* **God has enlightened them** - AT: "God has shown it to them" diff --git a/rom/01/20.md b/rom/01/20.md index 331096274..65e9138c8 100644 --- a/rom/01/20.md +++ b/rom/01/20.md @@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ ## translationNotes * **For** - Paul explains how God revealed himself to humankind. -* **the unseen things about him have been clearly visible** - The "unseen things" refer to what cannot be seen with the eye. They are "clearly visible" because people understand that they are there even though they cannot see them with their eyes. [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **the unseen things about him have been clearly visible** - The "unseen things" refer to what cannot be seen with the eye. They are "clearly visible" because people understand that they are there even though they cannot see them with their eyes. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]; see [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **world ** - This refers to the heavens and the earth, as well as everything in them. -* **divine nature** - Alternate translations: "all the qualities and characteristics of God" or "the things about God that make him God" -* **being understood by the created things** - Alternative translation: "people can understand about God by looking at the things he has made." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **they are without excuse** - Alternative translation: "they can never say that they did not know" +* **divine nature** - AT: "all the qualities and characteristics of God" or "the things about God that make him God" +* **being understood by the created things** - AT: "people can understand about God by looking at the things he has made." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **they are without excuse** - AT: "they can never say that they did not know" * **they ** - the "mankind" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:18]] -* **became foolish in their thoughts** - "began to think foolish things" (UDB) -* **their senseless heart was darkened** - This expression uses the idea of the heart becoming dark to mean that the lacked understanding. Translation alternative: "their heart no longer could understand" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **became foolish in their thoughts** - AT: "began to think foolish things" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **their senseless heart was darkened** - This expression uses the idea of the heart becoming dark to mean that they lacked understanding. AT: "their heart no longer could understand" (UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/rom/01/22.md b/rom/01/22.md index 9acfe8139..52725b052 100644 --- a/rom/01/22.md +++ b/rom/01/22.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Claiming themselves to be wise, they became foolish** - "While they were claiming that they were wise, they became foolish" +* **Claiming themselves to be wise, they became foolish** - AT: "While they were claiming that they were wise, they became foolish" * **themselves…they** - the "mankind" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:18]] -* **exchanged the glory of the imperishable God ** - Alternate translation: "traded the truth that God is glorious and will never die" or "stopped believing that God is glorious and will never die" -* **for the likeness of an image of** - Alternate translation: "and instead chose to worship idols that were made to look like" -* **perishable man** - "some human being that will die" +* **exchanged the glory of the imperishable God ** - AT: "traded the truth that God is glorious and will never die" or "stopped believing that God is glorious and will never die" +* **for the likeness of an image of** - AT: "and instead chose to worship idols that were made to look like" +* **perishable man** - AT: "some human being that will die" diff --git a/rom/01/24.md b/rom/01/24.md index 6b2a0a13c..61201ea51 100644 --- a/rom/01/24.md +++ b/rom/01/24.md @@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore** - "Because of this" -* **God gave them over to** - "God allowed them to indulge in" (see also "God allowed,"[[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:26]] and [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:28]]). +* **Therefore** - AT: "Because of this" +* **God gave them over to** - AT: "God allowed them to indulge in" (see also "God allowed,"[[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:26]] and [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:28]]). * **them…their…themselves…they** - the "mankind" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:18]] -* **the lusts of their hearts for uncleanness** - "the morally impure things they longed for." +* **the lusts of their hearts for uncleanness** - AT: "the morally impure things they longed for" * **for their bodies to be dishonored among themselves** - They committed sexually immoral and degrading acts. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **instead of** - Possible meanings are 1) "instead of" or "rather than" or 2) "along with." +* **instead of** - Possible meanings are 1) "rather than" or 2) "along with" diff --git a/rom/01/26.md b/rom/01/26.md index 300d6f53c..62d8461a7 100644 --- a/rom/01/26.md +++ b/rom/01/26.md @@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ ## translationNotes -* **this** - "idolatry and sexual sin" -* **God gave them over to** - “God allowed them to indulge in” -* **dishonorable passions** - "shameful sexual desires" -* **for their women** - "because their women" +* **this** - AT: "idolatry and sexual sin" +* **God gave them over to** - AT: "God allowed them to indulge in" +* **dishonorable passions** - AT: "shameful sexual desires" +* **for their women** - AT: "because their women" * **their women** - the women of the "mankind" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:18]] -* **exchanged their natural functions for that which is against nature** - "started practicing sexuality in a way God did not design" -* **burned in their lust** - "experienced fierce sexual desire" -* **inappropriate** - "disgraceful" or "indecent" or "sinful" -* **receiving in themselves the penalty that was due their perversion** - A new sentence could be started: "They received the appropriate punishment from God for their perversion." +* **exchanged their natural functions for that which is against nature** - AT: "started practicing sexuality in a way God did not design" +* **burned in their lust** - AT: "experienced fierce sexual desire" +* **inappropriate** - AT: "disgraceful" or "indecent" or "sinful" +* **receiving in themselves the penalty that was due their perversion** - A new sentence could be started: "They received the appropriate punishment from God for their perversion" * **perversion** - behavior that is evil and disgusting diff --git a/rom/01/28.md b/rom/01/28.md index addfcb46a..a1e5ca10e 100644 --- a/rom/01/28.md +++ b/rom/01/28.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **As they did not approve of having God in their awareness** - "They did not think it was necessary to know God" +* **As they did not approve of having God in their awareness** - AT: "They did not think it was necessary to know God" * **they...their...them** - the "mankind" of [[en:bible:notes:rom:01:18]] -* **he gave them up to a depraved mind** - he gave them up to a depraved mind- “God allowed their mind filled with immorality to control them” -* **not proper** - "disgraceful" or "indecent" or "sinful" +* **he gave them up to a depraved mind** - AT: “God allowed their mind filled with immorality to control them” +* **not proper** - AT: "disgraceful" or "indecent" or "sinful" diff --git a/rom/01/32.md b/rom/01/32.md index 2360c0232..a170917a8 100644 --- a/rom/01/32.md +++ b/rom/01/32.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **They understand the requirement of God** - They know God wants them to live in his righteous way. -* **practice such things** - "do wicked deeds" -* **worthy of death ** - "they deserve to die" -* **but they not only do** - A new sentence could be started: "Nevertheless, they not only do these things" +* **practice such things** - AT: "do wicked deeds" +* **worthy of death ** - AT: "they deserve to die" +* **but they not only do** - A new sentence could be started. AT: "Nevertheless, they not only do these things" diff --git a/rom/02/01.md b/rom/02/01.md index 5cabf764d..414086c1b 100644 --- a/rom/02/01.md +++ b/rom/02/01.md @@ -8,10 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul begins an argument with an imaginary Jewish person. -* **Therefore you are without excuse** - The word "therefore" marks a new section of the letter. It also makes a concluding statement based on what was said in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:32]]. Alternate translation: "Since God will punish those who continually sin, he will certainly not excuse your sins." -* **you are** - Here the word "you" is singular. Paul is not talking to a real person. He is acting like a Jewish person is there arguing with him. Paul is doing this to teach his audience that God will punish everyone who continually sins, whether Jew or Gentile. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) -* **you person, you who judge** - Here the word "person" is used to scold or mock someone who thinks he can act like God and judge others. This could be translated as a new sentence: "You are just a human being, yet you judge others and say they deserve God's punishment" -* **for what you judge in another you condemn in yourself** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "But you are only judging yourself because you do the same wicked deeds as they do." +* **Therefore you are without excuse** - The word "therefore" marks a new section of the letter. It also makes a concluding statement based on what was said in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:01:32]]. AT: "Since God will punish those who continually sin, he will certainly not excuse your sins" +* **you are** - Paul is not talking to a real person. He is acting like a Jewish person who is arguing with him. Paul is doing this to teach his audience that God will punish everyone who continually sins, whether Jew or Gentile. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_apostrophe]]) +* **you** - Here the word "you" is singular. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_yousingular]]) +* **you person, you who judge** - Here the word "person" is used to scold or mock someone who thinks he can act like God and judge others. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You are just a human being, yet you judge others and say they deserve God's punishment" +* **for what you judge in another you condemn in yourself** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "But you are only judging yourself because you do the same wicked deeds as they do" * **But we know** - This may include Christian believers and also Jews who are not Christians. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **God's judgment is according to truth when it falls on those** - "God will judge those people truly and fairly" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **those who practice such things** - "the people who do those wicked deeds" +* **God's judgment is according to truth when it falls on those** - AT: "God will judge those people truly and fairly" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **those who practice such things** - AT: "the people who do those wicked deeds" diff --git a/rom/02/03.md b/rom/02/03.md index 9169aa4b0..7dfd17602 100644 --- a/rom/02/03.md +++ b/rom/02/03.md @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, whom he scolds with rhetorical questions. -* **But** - "So" (UDB) -* **consider this** - "think about what I am going to tell you" -* **person** - Use the general word for a human being. Alternate translation: "whoever you are." -* **you who judge those who practice such things although you do the same things** - "who say someone deserves God's punishment while you do the same wicked deeds" -* **Will you escape from the judgment of God?** - Alternate translation: "You will certainly not escape God's judgment!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Or do you think so little of the riches of his goodness, his delayed punishment, and his patience** - Alternate translation: "You act like it does not matter that God is good and he patiently waits a long time before he punishes people." -* **think so little of the riches...patience** - "consider the riches...patience unimportant" or "consider...not good" -* **not knowing that his goodness is meant to lead you to repentance** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "You must know that God shows you he is good so that you might repent." +* **But** - AT: "So" (UDB) +* **consider this** - AT: "think about what I am going to tell you" +* **person** - Use the general word for a human being. AT: "whoever you are" +* **you who judge those who practice such things although you do the same things** - AT: "you who say someone deserves God's punishment while you do the same wicked deeds" +* **Will you escape from the judgment of God?** - AT: "You will certainly not escape God's judgment!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Or do you think so little of the riches of his goodness, his delayed punishment, and his patience...?** - AT: "You act like it does not matter that God is good and he patiently waits a long time before he punishes people" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **think so little of the riches...patience** - AT: "consider the riches...patience unimportant" or "consider...not good" +* **not knowing that his goodness is meant to lead you to repentance** - This can be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You must know that God shows you he is good so that you might repent" diff --git a/rom/02/05.md b/rom/02/05.md index 217e4824c..121d3ec11 100644 --- a/rom/02/05.md +++ b/rom/02/05.md @@ -15,12 +15,13 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person. -* **But it is to the extent of your hardness and unrepentant heart** - Paul compares a person who refuses to listen and obey God to something hard, like a stone. The heart represents the whole person. Alternate translation: "It is because you refuse to listen and repent." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **you are storing up for yourself wrath** - The phrase "storing up" usually refers to a person gathering his treasures and putting it in a safe place. Paul says instead of treasures the person is gathering God's punishment. The longer they go without repenting, the more severe the punishment. Alternate translation: "you are making your punishment worse." -* **in the day of wrath, the day of the revelation of God's righteous judgment** - These refer to the same day. Alternate translation: "when God shows everyone that he is angry and that he judges all people fairly" (see UDB). -* **pay back** - "give a fair reward or punishment" -* **to every person the same measure of his actions** - "according to what each person has done" -* **to those who according to consistent, good actions have sought praise, honor, and incorruptibility—eternal life** - "He will give eternal life to those who have shown by consistently doing good things that they were seeking praise, honor, and incorruptibility" +* **But it is to the extent of your hardness and unrepentant heart** - Paul compares a person who refuses to listen and obey God to something hard, like a stone. The heart represents the whole person. AT: "It is because you refuse to listen and repent" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **hardness and unrepentant heart** - The phrase "unrepentant heart" explains the word "hardness" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **you are storing up for yourself wrath** - The phrase "storing up" usually refers to a person gathering his treasures and putting it in a safe place. Paul says instead of treasures the person is gathering God's punishment. The longer they go without repenting, the more severe the punishment. AT: "you are making your punishment worse" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **in the day of wrath, the day of the revelation of God's righteous judgment** - These refer to the same day. AT: "when God shows everyone that he is angry and that he judges all people fairly" (see UDB). +* **pay back** - AT: "give a fair reward or punishment" +* **to every person the same measure of his actions** - AT: "according to what each person has done" +* **to those who according to consistent, good actions have sought praise, honor, and incorruptibility—eternal life** - AT: "He will give eternal life to those who have shown by consistently doing good things that they were seeking praise, honor, and incorruptibility" * **have sought** - This means that they act in a way that will lead to a positive decision from God on judgment day. * **praise, honor, and incorruptibility** - They want God to praise and honor them, and they want to never die. * **incorruptibility** - This refers to physical, not moral, decay. diff --git a/rom/02/08.md b/rom/02/08.md index 623d668f2..6449aa77a 100644 --- a/rom/02/08.md +++ b/rom/02/08.md @@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person. -* **self-seeking** - "selfish" or "only concerned with what makes themselves happy" -* **wrath and fierce anger will come ** - This says the same thing in two different ways to emphasize God's anger. Alternate translation "God will show his terrible anger." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **and tribulation and distress** - This says the same thing in two different ways to emphasize how bad God's punishment will be. This can be translated as a new sentence: "And awful punishments will fall." -* **on every human soul** - Here, Paul uses the word "soul" to refer to the whole person. Alternate translation: "upon every person." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **has practiced evil** - "has continually done evil things" -* **to the Jew first, and also to the Greek** - Alternate translation as a new sentence: "God will judge the Jewish people first, and then those who are not Jewish people." -* **first** - The good news was preached to Jews before the Greeks, so the primary meaning here is probably 1) first in order of time, but it could also mean 2) "most certainly" (see UDB) or "most importantly." +* **self-seeking** - seeking** - AT: "selfish" or "only concerned with what makes themselves happy" +* **disobey the truth but obey unrighteousness** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing. The second intensifies the first. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **wrath and fierce anger will come** - The words "wrath" and "fierce anger" mean basically the same thing and emphasize God's anger. AT: "God will show his terrible anger" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **tribulation and distress, on** - The words "tribulation" and "distress" mean basically the same thing here and emphasize how bad God's punishment will be. AT: "awful punishments will happen to" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **on every human soul** - Here, Paul uses the word "soul" to refer to the whole person. AT: "upon every person" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **has practiced evil** - AT: "has continually done evil things" +* **to the Jew first, and also to the Greek** - This can be a new sentence. AT: "God will judge the Jewish people first, and then those who are not Jewish people" +* **first** - Possible meanings are 1) "first in order of time" or 2) "most certainly" (see UDB) or "most importantly." diff --git a/rom/02/10.md b/rom/02/10.md index febc86f9f..1ecd6d9a5 100644 --- a/rom/02/10.md +++ b/rom/02/10.md @@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person. -* **But praise, honor, and peace will come** - "But God will give praise, honor, and peace" -* **practices good** - "continually does what is good" -* **to the Jew first, and also to the Greek** - This could be a new sentence: "God will reward the Jewish people first, and then those who are not Jewish people." +* **But praise, honor, and peace will come** - AT: "But God will give praise, honor, and peace" +* **practices good** - AT: "continually does what is good" +* **to the Jew first, and also to the Greek** - This could be a new sentence. AT: "God will reward the Jewish people first, and then those who are not Jewish people" * **first** - You should translate this the same way you did in [[en:bible:notes:rom:02:08]]. -* **For there is no partiality with God** - "For God does not favor one group of people over another." Alternate translation: "For God treats all people the same." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **for as many as have sinned** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "For those who have sinned" -* **without the Law will also perish without the Law** - Paul repeats "without the Law" to emphasize it does not matter if they do not know the Law of Moses. If they sin, God will judge them. Alternate translation: "without knowing the Law of Moses will certainly still die spiritually." -* **and as many as have sinned** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "And all those who have sinned" -* **in respect to the Law will be judged by the Law** - "and know the Law of Moses, God will judge them according to the Law of Moses." +* **For there is no partiality with God** - AT: "For God does not favor one group of people over another" or "For God treats all people the same" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **for as many as have sinned** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "For those who have sinned" +* **without the Law will also perish without the Law** - Paul repeats "without the Law" to emphasize it does not matter if they do not know the Law of Moses. If they sin, God will judge them. AT: "without knowing the Law of Moses will certainly still die spiritually" +* **and as many as have sinned** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "And all those who have sinned" +* **in respect to the Law will be judged by the Law** - AT: "and know the Law of Moses, God will judge them according to the Law of Moses" diff --git a/rom/02/13.md b/rom/02/13.md index 07fff4941..983600968 100644 --- a/rom/02/13.md +++ b/rom/02/13.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person. * **For** - "Because." If your language has a way to mark that verses 14 and [[:en:bible:notes:rom:02:15]] interrupt Paul's main argument to give the reader extra information, use it here. You may need to place 2:14-15 either before 2:13 or after 2:16. -* **it is not the hearers of the Law** - "it is not those who only hear the Law of Moses" -* **who are righteous before God** - "that are pleasing to God" -* **but it is the doers of the Law** - "but it is those who obey the Law of Moses" -* **who will be justified** - This can be translated with an active verb: "that God will accept." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **are a law to themselves** - "have God's laws already inside them" +* **it is not the hearers of the Law** - AT: "it is not those who only hear the Law of Moses" +* **who are righteous before God** - AT: "that are pleasing to God" +* **but it is the doers of the Law** - AT: "but it is those who obey the Law of Moses" +* **who will be justified** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "that God will accept" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **are a law to themselves** - AT: "have God's laws already inside them" diff --git a/rom/02/15.md b/rom/02/15.md index f0e1f715c..88f4bdd99 100644 --- a/rom/02/15.md +++ b/rom/02/15.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person. -* **By this they show** - "By naturally obeying the Law they show" -* **the actions required by the Law are written in their hearts** - Alternate translations: "God has written on their hearts what the Law requires them to do" or "They know exactly what the Law commands them to do." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **required by the Law** - This can be translated with an active verb: "the Law requires" or "that God demands through the Law." -* **bears witness with them, and their thoughts either accuse or defend themselves** - "tells them if they are disobeying or obeying God's law" -* **on the day when God will judge** - This finishes Paul's thought from [[:en:bible:notes:rom:02:13]]. This could be translated as a new sentence: "This will happen when God judges." +* **By this they show** - AT: "By naturally obeying the Law they show" +* **the actions required by the Law are written in their hearts** - AT: "God has written on their hearts what the Law requires them to do" or "They know exactly what the Law commands them to do" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **required by the Law** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "the Law requires" or "that God demands through the Law" +* **bears witness with them, and their thoughts either accuse or defend themselves** - AT: "tells them if they are disobeying or obeying God's law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **on the day when God will judge** - This finishes Paul's thought from [[:en:bible:notes:rom:02:13]]. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "This will happen when God judges" diff --git a/rom/02/17.md b/rom/02/17.md index 680979dd9..4cfd693a8 100644 --- a/rom/02/17.md +++ b/rom/02/17.md @@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person. -* **If you call yourself a Jew** - This begins a new section of the letter. Here the word "if" does not mean Paul doubts or is unsure. He is emphasizing that these statement are true. Alternate translation: "Now you think of yourself as member of the Jewish people" -* **rest upon the Law, rejoice proudly in God** - "and you rely on the Law of Moses and rejoice proudly because of God." -* **know his will** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "And you know God's will" -* **having been instructed by the Law** - This could be translated with an active verb: "because you understand what the Law of Moses teaches." +* **If you call yourself a Jew** - This begins a new section of the letter. Here the word "if" does not mean Paul doubts or is unsure. He is emphasizing that these statement are true. AT: "Now you think of yourself as member of the Jewish people" +* **rest upon the Law, rejoice proudly in God** - AT: "and you rely on the Law of Moses and rejoice proudly because of God" +* **know his will** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "And you know God's will" +* **having been instructed by the Law** - This could be translated with an active verb. AT: "because you understand what the Law of Moses teaches" * **if you are confident…and of the truth** - If your language has a way to mark that 2:19-20 interrupts Paul's main argument of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:02:17]], and [[:en:bible:notes:rom:02:21]], use it here. You might have to place 2:19-20 before 2:17. -* **if you are confident** - "You are sure" -* **that you yourself are a guide of the blind, a light to those who are in darkness** - Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul compares a Jewish person teaching someone about the Law to helping a person that cannot see. Alternate translation: "that you yourself are like a guide to someone who is blind, and you are like a light to someone lost in the dark." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **a corrector of the foolish** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "You correct those who do wrong." -* **a teacher of babies** - Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the Law to babies. Alternate translation: "and you teach those who do not know the Law." -* **and that you have in the Law the form of knowledge and of the truth** - "because you are sure you understand the truth written in the Law" +* **if you are confident** - AT: "You are sure" +* **that you yourself are a guide of the blind, a light to those who are in darkness** - Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul compares a Jewish person teaching someone about the Law to helping a person that cannot see. AT: "that you yourself are like a guide to someone who is blind, and you are like a light to someone lost in the dark" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **a corrector of the foolish** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You correct those who do wrong" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **a teacher of babies** - Here Paul compares those who do not know anything about the Law to babies. AT: "and you teach those who do not know the Law" (See:[[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **and that you have in the Law the form of knowledge and of the truth** - AT: "because you are sure you understand the truth written in the Law" diff --git a/rom/02/21.md b/rom/02/21.md index d991f1119..ad8863bdb 100644 --- a/rom/02/21.md +++ b/rom/02/21.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, whom he scolds with rhetorical questions. -* **if you therefore teach another, do you not teach yourself?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence: "But, you do not teach yourself while you are teaching others!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **You who preach not to steal, do you steal?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence: "You tell people not to steal, but you steal!" -* **You who say not to commit adultery, do you commit adultery?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence: "You tell people not to commit adultery, but you commit adultery!" -* **You who detest idols, do you rob temples?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence: "You say you hate idols, but you rob temples!" +* **if you therefore teach another, do you not teach yourself?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "But, you do not teach yourself while you are teaching others!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **You who preach not to steal, do you steal?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You tell people not to steal, but you steal!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **You who say not to commit adultery, do you commit adultery?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You tell people not to commit adultery, but you commit adultery!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **You who detest idols, do you rob temples?** - Paul is using a question to scold his listener. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You say you hate idols, but you rob temples!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **rob temples** - Possible meanings are: 1) "steal items from local pagan temples to sell and make a profit" or 2) "do not send to the Jerusalem temple all the money that is due to God" or 3) "joke about local gods." diff --git a/rom/02/23.md b/rom/02/23.md index f153c6fec..68213f406 100644 --- a/rom/02/23.md +++ b/rom/02/23.md @@ -12,5 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, whom he scolds with rhetorical questions. -* **You who rejoice proudly in the Law, do you through your transgression of the Law dishonor God?** - Paul uses a question to scold his listener. "It is wicked that you claim to be proud of the Law, while at the same time you disobey it and bring shame to God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **the name of God is dishonored among the Gentiles** - The word "name" refers to the entirety of God, not just his name. This can be translated with an active verb: "Your wicked actions bring shame to God in the minds of the Gentiles." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **You who rejoice proudly in the Law, do you through your transgression of the Law dishonor God?** - Paul uses a question to scold his listener. AT: "It is wicked that you claim to be proud of the Law, while at the same time you disobey it and bring shame to God" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **the name of God is dishonored among the Gentiles** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "Your wicked actions bring shame to God in the minds of the Gentiles" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **name of God** - The word "name" refers to the entirety of God, not just his name. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/rom/02/25.md b/rom/02/25.md index 707ae8ff1..5b33f1c88 100644 --- a/rom/02/25.md +++ b/rom/02/25.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, whom he scolds with rhetorical questions. -* **For circumcision indeed benefits you** - “I say all of this because being circumcised does benefit you” -* **if you are a violator of the Law ** - if you are a violator of the Law - "if you do not obey the commandments found in the Law" -* **your circumcision becomes uncircumcision** - This compares a Jewish person who does not obey the Law to a man who was physically circumcised but reverses the operation: he may be Jewish, but he looks like a Gentile. Alternate translation: "it is like you are no longer circumcised." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **the uncircumcised person** - "the person who is not circumcised" -* **keeps the requirements of the Law** - "obeys what is commanded in the Law" +* **For circumcision indeed benefits you** - AT: “I say all of this because being circumcised does benefit you” +* **if you are a violator of the Law ** - AT: "if you do not obey the commandments found in the Law" +* **your circumcision becomes uncircumcision** - This compares a Jewish person who does not obey the Law to a man who was physically circumcised but reverses the operation: he may be Jewish, but he looks like a Gentile. AT: "it is like you are no longer circumcised" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the uncircumcised person** - AT: "the person who is not circumcised" +* **keeps the requirements of the Law** - AT: "obeys what is commanded in the Law" * **will not his uncircumcision be considered as circumcision? Will not the one who is by nature uncircumcised...judge you** - Paul is asking a question to emphasize that circumcision is not what makes one right before God. This can be translated with an active verb: "God will consider him as circumcised. The one who is not physically circumcised...will judge you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **who by the written scriptures and circumcision are a violator of the Law** - "who have the written scriptures and are circumcised but do not obey the Law" +* **who by the written scriptures and circumcision are a violator of the Law** - AT: "who have the written scriptures and are circumcised but do not obey the Law" diff --git a/rom/02/28.md b/rom/02/28.md index bdaad98b1..ef8601cba 100644 --- a/rom/02/28.md +++ b/rom/02/28.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **outwardly** - This refers to Jewish rituals which people can see. -* **outward** - This is the physical evidence on his genitals that a man has received circumcision. -* **he is a Jew who is one inwardly, and circumcision is that of the heart** - This is a doublet in which "he is a Jew who is one inwardly" explains the metaphor "circumcision is that of the heart." +* **merely outward in the flesh** - This refers to the physical change to a man's body. +* **he is a Jew who is one inwardly, and circumcision is that of the heart** - These two phrases share similar meanings. The phrase, "he is a Jew who is one inwardly" explains the metaphor "circumcision is that of the heart." (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **inwardly** - This refers to the values and motivations of the person whom God has transformed. * **in the spirit** - This probably refers to the internal, spiritual part of a person, in contrast to the outward "letter" of the Law. However, it is also possible that it refers to the Holy Spirit (see UDB). -* **not in the letter** - A “letter” is the smallest part of written language. Here it refers to written Scripture. Alternative translation: “through the work of the Holy Spirit, not because you know the scriptures.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **not in the letter** - A “letter” is the smallest part of written language. Here it refers to written Scripture. AT: “through the work of the Holy Spirit, not because you know the scriptures” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/rom/03/01.md b/rom/03/01.md index 315710a52..4c6dde2a1 100644 --- a/rom/03/01.md +++ b/rom/03/01.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul again takes up his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, answering the questions such a person might have. -* **Then what advantage has the Jew? And what is the benefit of circumcision?** - Alternate translation: "Then Jewish people have no benefit from God's covenant, even though God promised they would!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **It is great** - "There is much advantage." -* **First** - Alternate translations: "First in order of time", or "Most certainly" (see UDB) or "Most importantly." +* **Then what advantage has the Jew? And what is the benefit of circumcision?** - AT: "Then Jewish people have no benefit from God's covenant, even though God promised they would!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **It is great** - AT: "There is much advantage" +* **First** - AT: "First in order of time" or "Most certainly" (see UDB) or "Most importantly" diff --git a/rom/03/03.md b/rom/03/03.md index 8a74f45a5..931ddb87e 100644 --- a/rom/03/03.md +++ b/rom/03/03.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, answering the questions such a person might have. * **For what if some Jews were without faith? Will their unbelief make the faithfulness of God invalid?** - Paul uses these rhetorical questions to make people think. Some Jews were unfaithful to God, so some would conclude that God would not fulfill his promise. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **By no means** - "That is not possible!” or "Certainly not!" This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. -* **Instead** - "We should say this instead:" -* **As it has been written** - "The Jewish Scriptures themselves agree with what I am saying" +* **By no means** - This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. AT: "That is not possible” or "Certainly not" +* **Instead** - AT "We should say this instead:" +* **As it has been written** - AT: "The Jewish Scriptures themselves agree with what I am saying" diff --git a/rom/03/05.md b/rom/03/05.md index 8c295cbf9..b7157e143 100644 --- a/rom/03/05.md +++ b/rom/03/05.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, answering the questions such a person might have. -* **But if our unrighteousness shows the righteousness of God, what can we say?** - Paul is putting these words in the mouth of the imaginary Jewish person he is talking to. Alternate translation: "Because our unrighteousness shows that God is righteous, I have a question:" -* **God is not unrighteous, he who inflicts wrath, is he?** - If you use this alternate translation, be sure that the reader knows that the answer is no: "Is God, who inflicts wrath on people, unrighteous?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **I speak according to human logic** - "I am saying this as an unrighteous person might say it." -* **how would God judge the world?** - Paul uses this rhetorical question to show that the arguments against the Christian gospel are ridiculous, since all Jews believe that God can and will judge all people. "And we all know that God will in fact judge the world!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **But if our unrighteousness shows the righteousness of God, what can we say?** - Paul is putting these words in the mouth of the imaginary Jewish person he is talking to. AT: "Because our unrighteousness shows that God is righteous, I have a question:" +* **God is not unrighteous, he who inflicts wrath, is he?** - AT: "Is God, who inflicts wrath on people, unrighteous?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **I speak according to human logic** - AT: "I am saying this as an unrighteous person might say it" +* **how would God judge the world?** - Paul uses this rhetorical question to show that the arguments against the Christian gospel are ridiculous, since all Jews believe that God can and will judge all people. AT: "And we all know that God will in fact judge the world!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/03/07.md b/rom/03/07.md index 3bd9357bf..132291103 100644 --- a/rom/03/07.md +++ b/rom/03/07.md @@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ * Paul continues his imaginary argument with a Jewish person, answering the questions such a person might have. * **But if the truth of God through my lie abounded to his praise, why am I still judged as a sinner?** - Here Paul imagines someone continuing to reject the Christian gospel; that adversary argues that God should not declare that he is a sinner on judgment day if, for example, he tells lies. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **And why not say…?** - Here Paul raises a question of his own, to show how ridiculous is the argument of his imaginary adversary. Alternate translation: "I might as well be saying that we should do evil things in order that good things may happen as a result!" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **as we are falsely reported to say** - Alternate translation: "Some liars tell others that this is what we are saying." +* **And why not say…?** - Here Paul raises a question of his own, to show how ridiculous is the argument of his imaginary adversary. AT: "I might as well be saying that we should do evil things in order that good things may happen as a result!" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **as we are falsely reported to say** - AT: "Some liars tell others that this is what we are saying" * **The judgment on them is just** - It will be only fair when God condemns these enemies of Paul, for telling lies about what Paul has been teaching. diff --git a/rom/03/11.md b/rom/03/11.md index feb8ca507..1c092220d 100644 --- a/rom/03/11.md +++ b/rom/03/11.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **none who understands** - "None really understands God's truth" -* **none who seeks after God** - "none who sincerely tries to have a righteous relationship with God" -* **turned away** - "rejected God and his righteous will for them" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **have become useless** - "have become worthless as far as God's will for them is concerned" +* **none who understands** - AT: "none really understands God's truth" +* **none who seeks after God** - AT: "none who sincerely tries to have a righteous relationship with God" +* **turned away** - Here this means to stop doing something. AT: "rejected God and his righteous will for them" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **have become useless** - AT: "have become worthless as far as God's will for them is concerned" diff --git a/rom/03/13.md b/rom/03/13.md index 5470d8fee..c29e9fab1 100644 --- a/rom/03/13.md +++ b/rom/03/13.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **Their...Their** - the "Jews and Greeks" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:03:09]] -* **Their throat has been opened like a grave** - Paul is using a metaphor meaning that everything people say is unrighteous and disgusting (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Their tongues have deceived** - "People speak lies" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **Their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness** - "Much of what people say is harmful and meant to hurt other people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Their throat has been opened like a grave** - Paul is using a metaphor meaning that everything people say is unrighteous and disgusting. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Their tongues have deceived** - AT: "People speak lies" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness** - AT: "Much of what people say is harmful and meant to hurt other people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/rom/03/15.md b/rom/03/15.md index fc7dd2bd2..06c8b681f 100644 --- a/rom/03/15.md +++ b/rom/03/15.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Their...their...They...their** - the "Jews and Greeks" of [[:en:bible:notes:rom:03:09]] -* **Their feet are swift to pour out blood** - "They are in a hurry to harm and kill people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **Destruction and suffering are in their paths** - "Everyone lives in such a way that they intentionally try to destroy others and cause them to suffer" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **a way of peace** - A "way" is a "road" or "path." Alternate translation: "how to live at peace with others" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **There is no fear of God before their eyes** - "Everyone refuses to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Their feet are swift to pour out blood** - AT: "They are in a hurry to harm and kill people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Destruction and suffering are in their paths** - AT: "Everyone lives in such a way that they intentionally try to destroy others and cause them to suffer" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **a way of peace** - A "way" is a "road" or "path." AT: "how to live at peace with others" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **There is no fear of God before their eyes** - AT: "Everyone refuses to give God the respect he deserves" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) diff --git a/rom/03/19.md b/rom/03/19.md index 1b41d7222..91a8b8b2c 100644 --- a/rom/03/19.md +++ b/rom/03/19.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **whatever the Law says, it speaks to** - "everything that the Law says people should do is for" or "all the commands that Moses wrote in the Law are for" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **in order that every mouth may be closed** - "so that no people will be able to say anything valid to defend themselves" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) Alternate translation using an active form: "In this way God keeps people from saying they are innocent of sin." -* **For** - This can mean 1) "Therefore" or 2) "This is because" or 3) "Instead." -* **through the Law comes the knowledge of sin** - "when someone knows God's law, he realizes that he is not righteous but rather sinful before God" +* **in order that every mouth may be closed** - AT: "so that no people will be able to say anything valid to defend themselves" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]; See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **flesh** - Here it means in a figurative way to refer to all human beings or all living creatures. +* **For** - Possible meanings are 1) "Therefore" or 2) "This is because" or 3) "Instead." +* **through the Law comes the knowledge of sin** - AT: "when someone knows God's law, he realizes that he is not righteous but rather sinful before God" diff --git a/rom/03/21.md b/rom/03/21.md index 2fa09e77b..67d3bc110 100644 --- a/rom/03/21.md +++ b/rom/03/21.md @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ * **But** - Paul has completed his introduction and is now beginning to make his main point. * **now** - The word "now" refers to the time since Jesus came to the earth. -* **without the Law a righteousness of God has been made known** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God has made known a way to be righteous without obeying the Law." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **without the Law a righteousness of God has been made known** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "God has made known a way to be righteous without obeying the Law." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **without the Law** - This refers to "righteousness," not to "has been made known." -* **witnessed by the Law and the Prophets** - The words "the Law and the Prophets" refer to the parts of scripture that Moses and the prophets wrote and stand for the Jewish scriptures, which are described here as people who testify in court. Alternate translation with active verbs: "and what Moses and the prophets wrote confirms this." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **that is, the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "I am referring to a righteousness that God gives us when we believe in Jesus Christ." -* **For there is no distinction** - "For God views Jews the same way he views Gentiles" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **witnessed by the Law and the Prophets** - The words "the Law and the Prophets" refer to the parts of scripture that Moses and the prophets wrote and stand for the Jewish scriptures, which are described here as people who testify in court. AT: "and what Moses and the prophets wrote confirms this" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **that is, the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "I am referring to a righteousness that God gives us when we believe in Jesus Christ" +* **For there is no distinction** - AT: "For God views Jews the same way he views Gentiles" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/03/23.md b/rom/03/23.md index f89356a1a..3594ee5e7 100644 --- a/rom/03/23.md +++ b/rom/03/23.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus ** - being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus - This could be translated with active verbs: "God has justified them by means of his grace because Christ Jesus has redeemed them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus ** - This could be translated with active verbs: "God has justified them by means of his grace because Christ Jesus has redeemed them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/03/25.md b/rom/03/25.md index 443785bc3..48d75e082 100644 --- a/rom/03/25.md +++ b/rom/03/25.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **passing over** - This can mean 1) ignoring or 2) forgiving. +* **passing over** - Possible meanings are 1) ignoring or 2) forgiving. * **This all happened for the demonstration of his righteousness at this present time, for him to prove himself just, and to show that he is the one who justifies anyone because of faith in Jesus** - "He did this to demonstrate his righteousness at this present time; he shows that he is both just and the one who justifies everyone who has faith in Jesus" diff --git a/rom/03/27.md b/rom/03/27.md index 4baa23c08..02b03b2e6 100644 --- a/rom/03/27.md +++ b/rom/03/27.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul answers rhetorical questions to emphasize that each point he is making is certainly true. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **On what grounds?** - "For what reason?" or "Why is boasting excluded?" or "Why can we not boast?" -* **Of works?** - "Is boasting excluded because we obey the law?" -* **on the grounds of faith** - "because we believe in Jesus" -* **without** - "apart from" +* **On what grounds?** - "For what reason?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Of works?** - AT: "Is boasting excluded because we obey the law?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **on the grounds of faith** - AT: "because we believe in Jesus" +* **without** - AT: "apart from" diff --git a/rom/03/29.md b/rom/03/29.md index a4db3a0fe..8fb398ce0 100644 --- a/rom/03/29.md +++ b/rom/03/29.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues to answer rhetorical questions to emphasize that each point he is making is certainly true. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Or is God the God of Jews only?** - "If God could only justify people who obey the Law, would he not be the God of the Jews only?" +* **Or is God the God of Jews only?** - AT: "If God could only justify people who obey the Law, would he not be the God of the Jews only?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/03/31.md b/rom/03/31.md index 22d17ddbe..ac3c289e8 100644 --- a/rom/03/31.md +++ b/rom/03/31.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues to answer rhetorical questions to emphasize that each point he is making is certainly true. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Do we then nullify the Law through faith?** - Alternate translation: "Should we ignore the Law because we have faith?" -* **May it never be** - "Of course that is not true!" or "Certainly not!" (UDB). This expression give the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **we uphold the Law** - Alternate translation: "we obey the Law" +* **Do we then nullify the Law through faith?** - AT: "Should we ignore the Law because we have faith?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **May it never be** - AT: "Of course that is not true!" or "Certainly not!" (UDB). This expression give the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **we uphold the Law** - AT: "we obey the Law" * **we** - This pronoun refers to Paul, other believers, and the readers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/rom/04/04.md b/rom/04/04.md index 70203b517..27af67a67 100644 --- a/rom/04/04.md +++ b/rom/04/04.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now to him who works, the recompense is not counted as from grace, but as what is owed** - This is describing a situation where a person who works expects to be paid for the work. That person does not consider payment a free gift or "grace." -* **to him who works...to him who does not work** - "to anyone who works...to anyone who does not work" -* **recompense** - "wages" or "pay" or "what was earned by working" -* **what is owed** - what is owed- "what his employer owes him" -* **in the one who justifies** - "in God, who justifies" -* **his faith is counted as righteousness** - “God considers that person's faith as righteousness” or "God considers that person righteous because of his faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **to him who works...to him who does not work** - AT: "to anyone who works...to anyone who does not work" +* **recompense** - AT: "wages" or "pay" or "what was earned by working" +* **what is owed** - AT: "what his employer owes him" +* **in the one who justifies** - AT: "in God, who justifies" +* **his faith is counted as righteousness** - AT: “God considers that person's faith as righteousness” or "God considers that person righteous because of his faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/04/06.md b/rom/04/06.md index 1321251f0..7503beab2 100644 --- a/rom/04/06.md +++ b/rom/04/06.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **David also pronounces blessing upon the man to whom God counts righteousness without works** - Alternate translation: "Similarly, David wrote about how God blesses the man whom God makes righteous without works." -* **whose iniquities are forgiven...whose sins are covered...to whom the Lord will not count sin** - Alternate translation: "whose iniquities the Lord has forgiven...whose sins the Lord has covered...whose sins the Lord will not count" The same concept is stated in three different ways, a doublet extended to a "triplet." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **David also pronounces blessing upon the man to whom God counts righteousness without works** - AT: "Similarly, David wrote about how God blesses the man whom God makes righteous without works" +* **whose iniquities are forgiven...whose sins are covered...to whom the Lord will not count sin** - The same concept is stated in three different ways. AT: "whose iniquities the Lord has forgiven...whose sins the Lord has covered...whose sins the Lord will not count" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/04/09.md b/rom/04/09.md index 22e846ed2..9a5c9ddae 100644 --- a/rom/04/09.md +++ b/rom/04/09.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Is this blessing then pronounced only upon those of the circumcision, or also upon those of the uncircumcision?** - Alternate translation: "Does God bless only those who are circumcised, or also those those who are circumcised?" +* **Is this blessing then pronounced only upon those of the circumcision, or also upon those of the uncircumcision?** - AT: "Does God bless only those who are circumcised, or also those those who are not circumcised?" * **we say** - Paul is addressing both Jewish and Gentile believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Faith was counted to Abraham for righteousness** - Alternate translation: "God considered the faith of Abraham as righteousness" +* **Faith was counted to Abraham for righteousness** - AT: "God considered the faith of Abraham as righteousness" diff --git a/rom/04/11.md b/rom/04/11.md index 7ccbe59c3..39ee517d6 100644 --- a/rom/04/11.md +++ b/rom/04/11.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had already when he was in uncircumcision** - "a visible sign that God had considered him righteous because he had believed in God before he was circumcised" -* **even if they are in uncircumcision** - Alternate translation: "even if they are not circumcised" -* **so that righteousness might be counted to them** - Alternate translation: "so that God can consider them righteous" +* **a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had already when he was in uncircumcision** - AT: "a visible sign that God had considered him righteous because he had believed in God before he was circumcised" +* **even if they are in uncircumcision** - AT: "even if they are not circumcised" +* **so that righteousness might be counted to them** - AT: "so that God can consider them righteous" diff --git a/rom/04/13.md b/rom/04/13.md index bda7fea36..22430cf92 100644 --- a/rom/04/13.md +++ b/rom/04/13.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **that the promise was given to Abraham and to his descendants, that they would be heirs of the world** - This can be translated with an active verb: "that God promised to Abraham and his descendants that they would inherit the world" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **but through the righteousness of faith** - but through the righteousness of faith The words "God gave the promise" are left out of this phrase but they are understood. Alternate translation: "but God gave the promise through faith which he considers as righteousness." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) -* **if those of the law are heirs** - Alternate translation: "if it is those who obey the law that that will inherit the earth" -* **faith is made empty and the promise is nullified** - "faith has no value and the promise is meaningless." -* **but where there is no law, neither is there disobedience** - "but when is no law, there is nothing to disobey." This could also be translated as a positive statement: "because where there is law people will disobey it." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **that the promise was given to Abraham and to his descendants, that they would be heirs of the world** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "that God promised to Abraham and his descendants that they would inherit the world" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **but through the righteousness of faith** - The words "God gave the promise" are left out of this phrase but they are understood. AT: "but God gave the promise through faith which he considers as righteousness" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **if those of the law are heirs** - AT: "if it is those who obey the law that that will inherit the earth" +* **faith is made empty and the promise is nullified** - AT: "faith has no value and the promise is meaningless" +* **but where there is no law, neither is there disobedience** - AT: "but when is no law, there is nothing to disobey" This could also be translated as a positive statement. AT: "because where there is law people will disobey it" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) diff --git a/rom/04/16.md b/rom/04/16.md index 8de38507c..5a8862c3a 100644 --- a/rom/04/16.md +++ b/rom/04/16.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For this reason it is by faith, so that it might be according to grace** - "Here is the reason we receive the promise when we trust God: it is so that it might be a free gift" -* **in order that the promise might be sure for all the descendants** - "so that all the descendants of Abraham might certainly receive the promise" +* **For this reason it is by faith, so that it might be according to grace** - AT: "Here is the reason we receive the promise when we trust God: it is so that it might be a free gift" +* **in order that the promise might be sure for all the descendants** - AT: "so that all the descendants of Abraham might certainly receive the promise" * **those who know the Law** - This refers to the Jewish people who follow Law of Moses. * **those who are from Abraham's faith** - This refers to those who have faith like Abraham did before he was circumcised. * **father of us all** - Here the word "us" refers to Paul and includes all Jewish and non-Jewish believers in Christ. Abraham is the physical ancestor of the Jewish people, but he is also the spiritual father of those who have faith. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **as it is written** - Where it is written can be made explicit: "as it written in the Scriptures." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **as it is written** - Where it is written can be made explicit: AT: "as it written in the Scriptures" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **I have made you** - The word "you" is singular and refers to Abraham. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Abraham was in the presence of him whom he trusted, that is, God, who gives life to the dead** - This can be translated "Abraham was in the presence of God whom he trusted, who gives life to those who have died." +* **Abraham was in the presence of him whom he trusted, that is, God, who gives life to the dead** - AT: "Abraham was in the presence of God whom he trusted, who gives life to those who have died" diff --git a/rom/04/18.md b/rom/04/18.md index bebaf428a..f502d60e2 100644 --- a/rom/04/18.md +++ b/rom/04/18.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Despite all outward circumstances** - The full meaning of "outward circumstances" can be made explicit: "Even though it seemed impossible for him to have descendants." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **in order to become the father of many nations** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "And Abraham's faith resulted in him becoming the father of many nations." -* **according to what had been spoken** - "just as God said to Abraham" -* **"…Thus will be your descendants."** - The full promise God gave to Abraham can be made explicit: "You will have more descendants than you can count." -* **Not being weak in faith** - Alternate translation: "While still remaining strong in his faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **Abraham considered his own body already to be dead—he was about a hundred years old—and the deadness of Sarah’s womb** - Here Abraham's old age and Sarah's inability to have children is compared to something that is dead. This emphasizes that it seemed impossible for them to have children. Alternate translation: "Abraham realized he was very old and his wife Sarah could not have children." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Despite all outward circumstances** - The full meaning of "outward circumstances" can be made explicit. AT: "Even though it seemed impossible for him to have descendants" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **in order to become the father of many nations** - This can be translated as a new sentence. AT: "And Abraham's faith resulted in him becoming the father of many nations" +* **according to what had been spoken** - AT: "just as God said to Abraham" +* **"…Thus will be your descendants."** - The full promise God gave to Abraham can be made explicit: AT: "You will have more descendants than you can count" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Not being weak in faith** - AT: "While still remaining strong in his faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **Abraham considered his own body already to be dead—he was about a hundred years old—and the deadness of Sarah’s womb** - Here Abraham's old age and Sarah's inability to have children is compared to something that is dead. This emphasizes that it seemed impossible for them to have children. AT: "Abraham realized he was very old and his wife Sarah could not have children" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/04/20.md b/rom/04/20.md index 5709741dc..912b9cd69 100644 --- a/rom/04/20.md +++ b/rom/04/20.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **did not hesitate in unbelief** - "did not doubt" -* **but was strengthened in faith** - This can be translated with an active verb: "but he became stronger in his faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **giving praise to God** - "and gave praise to God" -* **He was fully convinced** - "Abraham was completely sure" -* **he was able also to accomplish** - "God was able to do" -* **it was also counted to him as righteousness** - This can be translated with an active verb: ““God counted Abraham's belief as righteousness” or “God considered Abraham righteous because Abraham believed him.” +* **did not hesitate in unbelief** - AT: "did not doubt" +* **but was strengthened in faith** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "but he became stronger in his faith" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **giving praise to God** - AT: "and gave praise to God" +* **He was fully convinced** - AT: "Abraham was completely sure" +* **he was able also to accomplish** - AT: "God was able to do" +* **it was also counted to him as righteousness** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "God counted Abraham's belief as righteousness” or “God considered Abraham righteous because Abraham believed him” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/04/23.md b/rom/04/23.md index 8793a7153..151485250 100644 --- a/rom/04/23.md +++ b/rom/04/23.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Now** - This word is used here to mark a new part of the letter. Paul changes from talking about Abraham to talking about believers in Christ. -* **for his benefit only** - "for Abraham only" -* **that it was counted to him** - This can be translated with an active verb: "that God counted righteousness to him" or "God considered him righteous." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Now** - This word is used here to mark a new part of the letter. Paul changes from talking about Abraham to talking about believers in Christ. (See: [[en:ta:workbench:discourse:home]]) +* **for his benefit only** - AT: "for Abraham only" +* **that it was counted to him** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "that God counted righteousness to him" or "God considered him righteous" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **for us** - The word "us" refers to Paul and includes all believers in Christ. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **but also for us, to whom it will be counted, we who believe** - This could be translated as a new sentence and with an active verb: "It was also for our benefit, because God will consider us righteous also if we believe." -* **him who raised** - "God, who raised" -* **Jesus, who was delivered up for our trespasses** - This can be translated with an active verb: "Jesus, whom God handed over to those who killed him." -* **and was raised for our justification** - This can be translated with an active verb: "and whom God brought back to life so we would be made right with God." +* **but also for us, to whom it will be counted, we who believe** - This could be translated as a new sentence and with an active verb. AT: "It was also for our benefit, because God will consider us righteous also if we believe" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **him who raised** - AT: "God, who raised" +* **Jesus, who was delivered up for our trespasses** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "Jesus, whom God handed over to those who killed him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **and was raised for our justification** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "and whom God brought back to life so we would be made right with God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/05/01.md b/rom/05/01.md index bc0dc74fd..dab2fe4c0 100644 --- a/rom/05/01.md +++ b/rom/05/01.md @@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Since** - "Because" +* **Since** - AT: "Because" * **we…our** - All occurrences of "we" and "our" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **through our Lord Jesus Christ** - "because of our Lord Jesus Christ" -* **Through him we also have our access by faith into this grace in which we stand ** - Paul compares believers receiving grace to a person being able to stand before a king. "Because it is in Jesus that we believe, God gives us grace to stand before God." -* **We rejoice in the confidence of the glory of God** - "We are happy because of the hope we have that we will experience God’s glory." +* **through our Lord Jesus Christ** - AT: "because of our Lord Jesus Christ" +* **Lord** - Here this means that Jesus is God. +* **Through him we also have our access by faith into this grace in which we stand ** - Paul compares believers receiving grace to a person being able to stand before a king. AT: "Because it is in Jesus that we believe, God gives us grace to stand before God" +* **We rejoice because of what we confidently expect regarding God's glory** - Some versions imitate the Greek text more closely: "We rejoice in the hope of God's glory." Other versions try to make this passage more specific. AT: "We are happy because we are confident that we will experience God’s glory" or "We are happy because we are confident that we will see God's glory" or "We are happy because we are confident that we will share in God’s glory" diff --git a/rom/05/03.md b/rom/05/03.md index 14e9647b5..92c704ea7 100644 --- a/rom/05/03.md +++ b/rom/05/03.md @@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ * **Not only this** - The word "this" refers to the ideas described in [[en:bible:notes:rom:05:01]]. * **we…our…us** - All occurrences of "we" "our" and "us" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) * **approval** - This word "approval" refers to God's saying this is good. -* **confidence** - Alternate translation: "hope." +* **confidence for the future** - This is certainty that God will fulfill all his promises for those who believe in Christ. diff --git a/rom/05/08.md b/rom/05/08.md index 90d21a3f9..98d67bb39 100644 --- a/rom/05/08.md +++ b/rom/05/08.md @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **proves** - Alternate translations: "demonstrates" or "shows." +* **proves** - AT: "demonstrates" or "shows" * **us…we** - All occurrences of "us" and "we" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **Much more, then, now that we are justified by his blood** - Alternate translation: "How much more will he do for us now that we are justified by his blood" +* **Much more, then, now that we are justified by his blood** - AT: "How much more will he do for us now that we are justified by his blood" +* **saved** - Here this means that through Jesus' death on the cross, God has forgiven him and rescued him from being punished in hell for his sin. diff --git a/rom/05/10.md b/rom/05/10.md index 88d923f27..634db4446 100644 --- a/rom/05/10.md +++ b/rom/05/10.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **us...we** - All occurrences of "we" refer to all believers and should be inclusive. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **his Son...his life** - "God's Son...the life of God's Son" -* **after having been reconciled** - "now that we are his friends again." Alternate translation: "now that God considers us his friends again." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **his Son...his life** - AT: "God's Son...the life of God's Son" +* **after having been reconciled** - AT: "now that God considers us his friends again" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/05/12.md b/rom/05/12.md index 50437c932..23534325e 100644 --- a/rom/05/12.md +++ b/rom/05/12.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore** - The words that follow will be based on Paul's previous argument that all believers have been declared righteous by faith (see UDB). +* **Therefore** - The words that follow will be based on Paul's previous argument that all believers have been declared righteous by faith. (see UDB) * **through one man sin entered…death entered through sin** - Paul describes "sin" as a dangerous thing that was able to come into the world through the opening that was caused by the actions of "one man," Adam. This "sin" then became an opening through which "death," another dangerous thing, also came into the world. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/rom/05/14.md b/rom/05/14.md index 475eaeed0..e2de61b9c 100644 --- a/rom/05/14.md +++ b/rom/05/14.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Nevertheless** - "Yet" or "There was no written law from the time of Adam to the time of Moses, but" (see [[:en:bible:notes:rom:05:12]]) -* **death ruled from Adam until Moses** - Paul is comparing death to a king. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). Translation Alternate: "people continued to die from the time of Adam until the time of Moses as a consequence of their sin." -* **even over those who did not sin like Adam’s disobedience** - "even people whose sins were different from Adam’s continue to die" +* **Nevertheless** - AT: "Yet" or "There was no written law from the time of Adam to the time of Moses, but" (see [[:en:bible:notes:rom:05:12]]) +* **death ruled from Adam until Moses** - Paul is comparing death to a king. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]). AT: "people continued to die from the time of Adam until the time of Moses as a consequence of their sin" +* **even over those who did not sin like Adam’s disobedience** - AT: "even people whose sins were different from Adam’s continue to die" * **who is a figure of him who was to come** - Adam was a pattern of Christ, who appeared much later. He had much in common with him. * **For if...the many died...much more did the grace of God and the gift...abound** - It is important that "the many died," but it is more important that "the grace of God and the gift" abounded. * **much more did the grace...and the gift...abound** - "the grace...and the gift" were greater and stronger than the "trespass." diff --git a/rom/05/16.md b/rom/05/16.md index b6ee342de..706c0b6e1 100644 --- a/rom/05/16.md +++ b/rom/05/16.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ * [[en:tw:condemn]] * [[en:tw:death]] -* [[en:tw:death]] * [[en:tw:gift]] * [[en:tw:jesus]] * [[en:tw:judge]] @@ -13,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For the gift is not like the outcome of the one who sinned** - "the gift is not like the result of Adam's sin" -* **For on the one hand** - "Because on the one hand" -* **on the one hand, the judgment of condemnation came because of the trespass of one man; but on the other hand** - The phrases “on the one hand” and “but on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. Alternate translation: "the judgment of condemnation came because of the trespass of one man, but" -* **after many trespasses** - "after the sins of many" +* **For the gift is not like the outcome of the one who sinned** - AT: "the gift is not like the result of Adam's sin" +* **For on the one hand** - AT: "Because on the one hand" +* **on the one hand, the judgment of condemnation came because of the trespass of one man; but on the other hand** - The phrases “on the one hand” and “but on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. AT: "the judgment of condemnation came because of the trespass of one man, but" +* **after many trespasses** - AT: "after the sins of many" * **trespass of one** - trespass of Adam -* **death ruled** - "everyone died" +* **death ruled** - AT: "everyone died" * **life of the one** - life of Jesus Christ diff --git a/rom/05/18.md b/rom/05/18.md index 20798286e..1c6c8e16d 100644 --- a/rom/05/18.md +++ b/rom/05/18.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **through one trespass** - through the one sin committed by Adam. Alternate translation: "because of Adam's sin." +* **through one trespass** - through the one sin committed by Adam. AT: "because of Adam's sin" * **one act** - the sacrifice of Jesus Christ * **one man’s disobedience** - the disobedience of Adam * **the obedience of the one** - the obedience of Jesus diff --git a/rom/05/20.md b/rom/05/20.md index e84372fb3..ecfd684ea 100644 --- a/rom/05/20.md +++ b/rom/05/20.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the Law came in alongside** - "the Law sneaked in" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **the Law came in alongside** - AT: "the Law sneaked in" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **the trespass might abound** - This means both that "people might realize how greatly they had sinned" (UDB) and "people might commit more sins." -* **abounded** - "increased" -* **as sin ruled in death** - "as sin resulted in death" -* **even so grace might rule through righteousness for everlasting life through Jesus Christ our Lord** - "grace gave people everlasting life through the righteousness of Jesus Christ our Lord" +* **abounded** - AT: "increased" +* **as sin ruled in death** - AT: "as sin resulted in death" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **even so grace might rule through righteousness for everlasting life through Jesus Christ our Lord** - AT: "grace gave people everlasting life through the righteousness of Jesus Christ our Lord" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **our Lord** - Paul includes his readers and all believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/rom/06/01.md b/rom/06/01.md index 116725d2d..a090de6e7 100644 --- a/rom/06/01.md +++ b/rom/06/01.md @@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ * **What then will we say? Should we continue in sin so that grace may abound?** - Paul is anticipating a question someone might ask about what he has written about grace in [[en:bible:notes:rom:05:20]]. For a good way to restructure this as a statement, see UDB. * **we...us** - The pronouns "we" and "us" refer to Paul, his readers, and other people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **abound** - This may be translated as "increase greatly". +* **abound** - AT: "increase greatly" diff --git a/rom/06/04.md b/rom/06/04.md index 8451d60f0..a165bef07 100644 --- a/rom/06/04.md +++ b/rom/06/04.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **buried with him through baptism into death** - This is comparing a believer's baptism into water with Jesus' death and burial in a tomb. This emphasizes that a believer in Christ shares the benefits of his death, which means sin no longer has power over the believer. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so also we might walk in newness of life** - This compares a believer coming to life spiritually to Jesus coming back to life physically. The believer's new spiritual life enables that person to obey God. Alternative translation, with an active verb: "just as the Father brought Jesus back to life after he died, we might have new spiritual life and obey God." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **become united with him in the likeness of his death...be united with his resurrection** - "joined with him in his death...join with him in life after death" or "died with him...come back to life with him" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so also we might walk in newness of life** - This compares a believer coming to life spiritually to Jesus coming back to life physically. The believer's new spiritual life enables that person to obey God. AT: "just as the Father brought Jesus back to life after he died, we might have new spiritual life and obey God" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **become united with him in the likeness of his death...be united with his resurrection** - AT: "joined with him in his death...join with him in life after death" or "died with him...come back to life with him" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/06/06.md b/rom/06/06.md index a10d4a6f1..754642aca 100644 --- a/rom/06/06.md +++ b/rom/06/06.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **our old man was crucified with him** - Here, Paul refers to a believer as being one person before they believed in Jesus and a different person after they believed in Jesus. The "old man" refers to the person before he believes in Jesus. The person is spiritually dead and sin controls him. Paul describes our old sinful person as dying on the cross with Jesus when we believe in Jesus. Alternate translation: "our sinful person was on the cross with Jesus." -* **old man** - "former man," the person one once was but is no longer +* **our old man was crucified with him** - Here, Paul refers to a believer as being one person before they believed in Jesus and a different person after they believed in Jesus. The "old man" refers to the person before he believes in Jesus. The person is spiritually dead and sin controls him. Paul describes our old sinful person as dying on the cross with Jesus when we believe in Jesus. AT: "our sinful person was on the cross with Jesus" +* **old man** - This the person one once was but is no longer. AT: "former man" * **body of sin** - the whole sinful person (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **might be destroyed** - "might die" -* **we should no longer be enslaved to sin** - Paul compares the power sin has over a person to a master controlling a slave: a person without the Holy Spirit will always choose what is sinful. He is not free to do what pleases God. Alternate translations: "we should no longer be slaves to sin" or "we should no longer choose to do what is sinful." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **he who has died is declared righteous in respect to sin** - Alternate translation, with an active verb: "God will declare righteous anyone who has died to the power of sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **might be destroyed** - AT: "might die" +* **we should no longer be enslaved to sin** - Paul compares the power sin has over a person to a master controlling a slave: a person without the Holy Spirit will always choose what is sinful. He is not free to do what pleases God. AT: "we should no longer be slaves to sin" or "we should no longer choose to do what is sinful" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **he who has died is declared righteous in respect to sin** - AT: "God will declare righteous anyone who has died to the power of sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/06/08.md b/rom/06/08.md index 96ee1adb1..88cd75ca0 100644 --- a/rom/06/08.md +++ b/rom/06/08.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we have died with Christ** - Although Christ died physically, here "died" refers to believers dying spiritually to the power of sin. Alternate translation: "we have spiritually died with Christ" -* **We know that Christ has been raised from the dead** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God brought Christ back to life after he died." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **Death no longer rules over him** - Here "death" is described as a king or ruler that has power over people. This can be translated as: "He can never die again." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **we have died with Christ** - Although Christ died physically, here "died" refers to believers dying spiritually to the power of sin. AT: "we have spiritually died with Christ" +* **We know that Christ has been raised from the dead** - AT: "God brought Christ back to life after he died" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Death no longer rules over him** - Here "death" is described as a king or ruler that has power over people. AT: "He can never die again" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/rom/06/10.md b/rom/06/10.md index 4b3a8acb2..33e8094e6 100644 --- a/rom/06/10.md +++ b/rom/06/10.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For the death that he died to sin, he died once for all** - The phrase "once for all" means to finish something completely. The full meaning of this can be made explicit: "For when he died he broke the power of sin completely" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Thus also you: consider** - "In the same way, consider" or "For this reason consider" -* **consider yourselves** - "think of yourselves as" or "see yourselves as" -* **dead to sin** - Here "sin" refers to the power that lives within us and makes us want to sin. This could be translated as "dead to the power of sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **dead to sin on the one hand, but on the other hand, alive to God** - The phrases “on the one hand” and “on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. Alternate translation: "dead to sin but also alive to God." -* **alive to God in Christ Jesus** - Alternate translation: "living to obey God by the power Christ Jesus gives you" +* **For the death that he died to sin, he died once for all** - The phrase "once for all" means to finish something completely. The full meaning of this can be made explicit. AT: "For when he died he broke the power of sin completely" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Thus also you: consider** - AT: "In the same way, consider" or "For this reason consider" +* **consider yourselves** - AT: "think of yourselves as" or "see yourselves as" +* **dead to sin** - Here "sin" refers to the power that lives within us and makes us want to sin. AT: "dead to the power of sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **dead to sin on the one hand, but on the other hand, alive to God** - The phrases “on the one hand” and “on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. AT: "dead to sin but also alive to God" +* **alive to God in Christ Jesus** - AT: "living to obey God by the power Christ Jesus gives you" diff --git a/rom/06/12.md b/rom/06/12.md index c4c0825d0..25a72e15a 100644 --- a/rom/06/12.md +++ b/rom/06/12.md @@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ ## translationNotes * **do not let sin rule...Do not allow sin to rule** - "Sin" is described as a person's king or master. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **your mortal body** - This phrase refers to the physical part of a person, which will die. Alternate translation: "you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **in order that you obey its lusts** - The master, "sin," wants the sinner to obey the master's commands to do evil things. -* **Do not present your body parts to sin as tools for unrighteousness** - The picture is of the sinner offering his "body parts" to his master or king. Alternate translation: "Do not offer yourselves to sin so that you do what is not right." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **but present yourselves to God, as alive from the dead** - "but offer yourselves to God, because he has given you new spiritual life" -* **your body parts as tools for righteousness for God** - "let God use you for what is pleasing to him" -* **Do not allow sin to rule over you** - "Do not let sinful desires control what you do" or "Do not allow yourselves to do the sinful things you want to do" -* **for you are not under law** - The full meaning can be made explicit: "for you are no longer bound to the Law of Moses, which could not give you the power to stop sinning." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **but under grace** - The full meaning can be made explicit: "but you are bound to God's grace, which does give you the power to stop sinning." +* **your mortal body** - This phrase refers to the physical part of a person, which will die. AT: "you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **in order that you obey its lusts** - The master, "sin," wants the sinner to obey the master's commands to do evil things. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **Do not present your body parts to sin as tools for unrighteousness** - The picture is of the sinner offering his "body parts" to his master or king. AT: "Do not offer yourselves to sin so that you do what is not right" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **but present yourselves to God, as alive from the dead** - AT: "but offer yourselves to God, because he has given you new spiritual life" +* **your body parts as tools for righteousness for God** - AT: "let God use you for what is pleasing to him" +* **Do not allow sin to rule over you** - AT: "Do not let sinful desires control what you do" or "Do not allow yourselves to do the sinful things you want to do" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **for you are not under law** - The full meaning can be made explicit. AT: "for you are no longer bound to the Law of Moses, which could not give you the power to stop sinning" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **but under grace** - The full meaning can be made explicit. AT: "but you are bound to God's grace, which does give you the power to stop sinning" diff --git a/rom/06/15.md b/rom/06/15.md index 9591263ee..983bef78f 100644 --- a/rom/06/15.md +++ b/rom/06/15.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul uses slavery as a metaphor for obedience and disobedience to God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **What then? Shall we sin because we are not under law, but under grace? May it never be.** - Paul is using a question to emphasize that living under grace is not a reason to sin. Alternate translation: "However, just because we are bound to grace instead of the Law of Moses certainly does not mean we are allowed to sin."(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **What then? Shall we sin because we are not under law, but under grace? May it never be.** - Paul is using a question to emphasize that living under grace is not a reason to sin. AT: "However, just because we are bound to grace instead of the Law of Moses certainly does not mean we are allowed to sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **May it never be** - "We would never want that to happen!" or "May God help me not to do that!" This expression shows an extremely strong desire that this not take place. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated it in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:03:31]]. -* **Do you not know that the one to whom you present yourselves as servants for obedience, you are the servants of the one whom you obey** - Paul uses a question to scold anyone who may think God's grace is a reason to keep sinning. Alternate translation: "You should know that you are slaves to the master you choose to obey." -* **whether of sin for death, or of obedience for righteousness** - Here, "sin" and "obedience" are described as masters that a slave would serve. This could be translated as a new sentence: "You are either a slave to sin, which results in spiritual death, or you are a slave to obedience, which results in God declaring you righteous." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **Do you not know that the one to whom you present yourselves as servants for obedience, you are the servants of the one whom you obey** - Paul uses a question to scold anyone who may think God's grace is a reason to keep sinning. AT: "You should know that you are slaves to the master you choose to obey." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **whether of sin for death, or of obedience for righteousness** - Here, "sin" and "obedience" are described as masters that a slave would serve. This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "You are either a slave to sin, which results in spiritual death, or you are a slave to obedience, which results in God declaring you righteous" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) diff --git a/rom/06/17.md b/rom/06/17.md index fe800bb0f..68ef22c22 100644 --- a/rom/06/17.md +++ b/rom/06/17.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues to use slavery as a metaphor for obedience and disobedience to God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **But thanks be to God!** - "But I thank God! -* **For you were servants of sin** - Here "sin" is described as a master that a slave would serve. Also, "sin" refers to the power that lives in us that makes us choose to do what is sinful. Alternate translation: "For you were slaves to the power of sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **but you obeyed from the heart** - Here the word "heart" refers to having sincere or honest motives for doing something. Alternate translation: "but you truly obeyed." -* **the form of teaching that you were given** - Here "form" refers to the pattern or way of living that leads to righteousness. The believers change their old way of living to match this new way of living that Christian leaders teach to them. Alternate translation with an active verb: "the teaching that Christian leaders gave you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). -* **You have been made free from sin** - Alternate translation with an active verb: "Christ has freed you from the power of sin." -* **enslaved to righteousness** - "you are now a slave to doing what is right" +* **But thanks be to God!** - AT: "But I thank God!" +* **For you were servants of sin** - Here "sin" is described as a master that a slave would serve. Also, "sin" refers to the power that lives in us that makes us choose to do what is sinful. AT: "For you were slaves to the power of sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **but you obeyed from the heart** - Here the word "heart" refers to having sincere or honest motives for doing something. AT: "but you truly obeyed" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **the form of teaching that you were given** - Here "form" refers to the pattern or way of living that leads to righteousness. The believers change their old way of living to match this new way of living that Christian leaders teach to them. AT: "the teaching that Christian leaders gave you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). +* **You have been made free from sin** - AT: "Christ has freed you from the power of sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **enslaved to righteousness** - AT: "you are now a slave to doing what is right" diff --git a/rom/06/19.md b/rom/06/19.md index a95313fb3..ca64f7980 100644 --- a/rom/06/19.md +++ b/rom/06/19.md @@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues to use slavery as a metaphor for obedience and disobedience to God. -* **I speak like a man** - Paul is describing "sin" and "obedience" as "slavery." Alternate translation: "I am speaking about slavery to describe sin and obedience." -* **because of the weakness of your flesh** - Often Paul uses the word "flesh" as the opposite of "spirit." Alternate translation: "because you do not fully understand spiritual things." -* **presented your body parts as slaves to uncleanness and to evil** - Here, "body parts" refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: "offered yourselves as slaves to everything that is evil and not pleasing to God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) -* **present your body parts as slaves to righteousness for sanctification** - "offer yourselves as slaves to what right before God so that he might set you apart and give you the power to serve him" ​ -* **What fruit then did you have at that time in the things of which you are now ashamed?** - What fruit then did you have at that time in the things of which you are now ashamed?- Paul is using a question to emphasize that sinning results in nothing good. Alternate translation: "You gained nothing by doing those things that now cause you shame."(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **I speak like a man** - Paul is describing "sin" and "obedience" as "slavery." AT: "I am speaking about slavery to describe sin and obedience" +* **because of the weakness of your flesh** - Often Paul uses the word "flesh" as the opposite of "spirit." AT: "because you do not fully understand spiritual things" +* **presented your body parts as slaves to uncleanness and to evil** - Here, "body parts" refers to the whole person. AT: "offered yourselves as slaves to everything that is evil and not pleasing to God" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **present your body parts as slaves to righteousness for sanctification** - AT: "offer yourselves as slaves to what right before God so that he might set you apart and give you the power to serve him" ​ +* **What fruit then did you have at that time of the things of which you are now ashamed?** - Paul is using a question to emphasize that sinning results in nothing good. AT: "You gained nothing by doing those things that now cause you shame." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/06/22.md b/rom/06/22.md index 948f173b0..3ba666666 100644 --- a/rom/06/22.md +++ b/rom/06/22.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But now that you have been made free from sin and are enslaved to God** - Alternate translation as a complete sentence and with active verbs: "But now Christ has freed you from sin and has bound you to God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **and the outcome is eternal life** - "and the result of all of this is that you will live forever with God." -* **For the wages of sin are death** - The word "wages" refers to a payment given to someone for their work. Alternate translation: "For if you serve sin, you will receive spiritual death as payment" or "For if you continue sinning, God will punish you with spiritual death." -* **but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord** - "but God freely gives eternal life to those who belong to Christ Jesus our Lord" +* **But now that you have been made free from sin and are enslaved to God** - This can be translated as a complete sentence and with active verbs. AT: "But now Christ has freed you from sin and has bound you to God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **and the outcome is eternal life** - AT: "and the result of all of this is that you will live forever with God" +* **For the wages of sin are death** - The word "wages" refers to a payment given to someone for their work. AT: "For if you serve sin, you will receive spiritual death as payment" or "For if you continue sinning, God will punish you with spiritual death" +* **but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord** - AT: "but God freely gives eternal life to those who belong to Christ Jesus our Lord" diff --git a/rom/07/02.md b/rom/07/02.md index 66465e03d..b88fe2d7c 100644 --- a/rom/07/02.md +++ b/rom/07/02.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul gives an example of the principle he stated in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:07:01]]. -* **she will be called an adulteress** - The one who does the calling is not clear, so be as general as possible: "they will call her an adulteress." Alternate translations: "people will call her an adulteress" or "God will consider her an adulteress." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **she will be called an adulteress** - The one who "called" is not clear, so be as general as possible. AT: "people will call her an adulteress" or "God will consider her an adulteress" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/07/04.md b/rom/07/04.md index e2a0ac3f3..374fe5ab2 100644 --- a/rom/07/04.md +++ b/rom/07/04.md @@ -7,5 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Therefore** - This relates back to [[:en:bible:notes:rom:07:01]]. "Because this is how law works." -* **we might produce fruit for God** - we might produce fruit for God ​- "we might be able to do things pleasing to God" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Therefore** - This relates back to [[:en:bible:notes:rom:07:01]]. AT: "Because this is how law works" +* **we might produce fruit for God** - AT: "we might be able to do things pleasing to God" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **produce fruit** - Here this means change his inward spiritual condition. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/07/06.md b/rom/07/06.md index bb54bf387..5a77ac179 100644 --- a/rom/07/06.md +++ b/rom/07/06.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **we** - This pronoun refers to Paul and the believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **the letter** - the Law of Moses +* **the letter** - AT: "the Law of Moses" diff --git a/rom/07/07.md b/rom/07/07.md index cf05d316b..b6cf136c5 100644 --- a/rom/07/07.md +++ b/rom/07/07.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **What will we say then?** - Paul is introducing a new topic. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **May it never be** - "Of course that is not true!" This expression give the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:09:14]]. * **I would not have known sin…. …sin, taking the opportunity…brought about every lust** - Paul is comparing sin to a person who can act. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **sin, taking the opportunity through the commandment, brought about every lust in me** - When God's law tell us not to do something, it is because we have been told not to do it that we want to do it more. "sin reminded me of the commandment not to desire wrong things, and so I desired those wrong things even more than before" or "because I wanted to sin, when I heard the commandment not to desire wrong things, I desired...." -* **sin** - "my desire to sin" +* **sin, taking the opportunity through the commandment, brought about every lust in me** - When God's law tells us not to do something, it is because we have been told not to do it that we want to do it more. AT: "sin reminded me of the commandment not to desire wrong things, and so I desired those wrong things even more than before" or "because I wanted to sin, when I heard the commandment not to desire wrong things, I desired...." +* **sin** - AT: "my desire to sin" * **lust** - This word includes both the desire to have what belongs to other people (see UDB) and wrong sexual desire. -* **without the Law, sin is dead** - "if there were no Law, there would be no breaking of the Law, so there would be no sin" +* **without the Law, sin is dead** - AT: "if there were no Law, there would be no breaking of the Law, so there would be no sin" diff --git a/rom/07/09.md b/rom/07/09.md index 61355ed26..4a00c7c07 100644 --- a/rom/07/09.md +++ b/rom/07/09.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **sin regained life** - This can mean 1) "I realized that I was sinning (UDB) or 2) "I strongly desired to sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **The commandment, which was to bring life, I found to be death** - Paul did not literally die. Alternate translation: "God gave me the commandment so I would live, but it killed me instead." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **sin regained life** - This can mean 1) "I realized that I was sinning" (UDB) or 2) "I strongly desired to sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **The commandment, which was to bring life, I found to be death** - Paul did not literally die. AT: "God gave me the commandment so I would live, but it killed me instead" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/07/11.md b/rom/07/11.md index cf302e4f9..0b54814fe 100644 --- a/rom/07/11.md +++ b/rom/07/11.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **sin, taking the opportunity through the commandment, deceived me, and through the commandment it killed me.** - As in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:07:07]], Paul is describing sin as a person who can do 3 things: take the opportunity, deceive, and kill. "because I wanted to sin, I deceived myself into thinking that I could sin and obey the commandment at the same time, but God punished me for disobeying the commandment by separating me from him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **sin** - "my desire to sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **sin, taking the opportunity through the commandment, deceived me, and through the commandment it killed me.** - As in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:07:07]], Paul is describing sin as a person who can do 3 things: take the opportunity, deceive, and kill. AT: "because I wanted to sin, I deceived myself into thinking that I could sin and obey the commandment at the same time, but God punished me for disobeying the commandment by separating me from him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **sin** - AT: "my desire to sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **taking the opportunity through the commandment** - See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:07:07]]. -* **it killed me** - "it separated me from God" (See UDB, [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]])) -* **Therefore** - Because the law allows sin to be recognized as a deceiver and killer +* **it killed me** - AT: "it separated me from God" (See UDB, [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Therefore** - AT: "Because the law allows sin to be recognized as a deceiver and killer" diff --git a/rom/07/13.md b/rom/07/13.md index 7251cf8a7..b5c1a245d 100644 --- a/rom/07/13.md +++ b/rom/07/13.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **Then** - Paul is introducing a new topic. -* **what is good** - God's law -* **become death to me** - "cause me to die" -* **May it never be** - "Of course that is not true!" This expression give the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **what is good** - This refers to God's law. +* **become death to me** - AT: "caused me to die" +* **May it never be** - AT: "Of course that is not true!" This expression gives the strongest possible negative answer to the preceding rhetorical question. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **sin...brought about death in me** - Paul is viewing sin as though it were a person who could act. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **brought about death in me** - "separated me from God" -* **through the commandment** - "because I disobeyed the commandment" +* **brought about death in me** - AT: "separated me from God" +* **through the commandment** - AT: "because I disobeyed the commandment" diff --git a/rom/07/15.md b/rom/07/15.md index 2f3e1044c..20853778b 100644 --- a/rom/07/15.md +++ b/rom/07/15.md @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For that which I do, I do not really understand** - "I am not sure why I do some of the things that I do". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **For** - "I do not understand why I do what I do because" -* **what I hate, I do** - Alternate translation: "The things that I know are not good are the things that I do." +* **For that which I do, I do not really understand** - AT: "I am not sure why I do some of the things that I do" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **For** - AT: "I do not understand why I do what I do because" +* **what I hate, I do** - AT: "The things that I know are not good are the things that I do" * **But** - "However" -* **I agree with the Law** - Alternate translation: "I know God's law is good." +* **I agree with the Law** - AT: "I know God's law is good" diff --git a/rom/07/17.md b/rom/07/17.md index 53e1a0370..364ee3016 100644 --- a/rom/07/17.md +++ b/rom/07/17.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **the sin that lives in me** - Paul describes sin as a living being that has the power to influence him. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **my flesh** - "my human nature" +* **my flesh** - AT: "my human nature" diff --git a/rom/07/19.md b/rom/07/19.md index 35219def0..80c4de716 100644 --- a/rom/07/19.md +++ b/rom/07/19.md @@ -8,5 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **good** - "good deeds" or "good actions" -* **evil** - "evil deeds" or "evil actions" +* **good** - AT: "good deeds" or "good actions" +* **evil** - AT: "evil deeds" or "evil actions" +* **principle** - Here this is different from the law of Moses. diff --git a/rom/07/22.md b/rom/07/22.md index c1330df5a..23cce8eb9 100644 --- a/rom/07/22.md +++ b/rom/07/22.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the inner man** - the part of a person that remains after the body dies (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **a different principle in my body parts, warring against that new principle in my mind, and taking me captive** - "I am able only to do what my old nature tells me to do, not to live the new way the Spirit shows me" -* **a different principle in my body parts** - the old nature, the way people are when they are born -* **that new principle** - the new spiritually alive nature -* **the principle of sin which is in my body parts** - "my sinful nature," the sinful nature I was born with +* **the inner man** - The part of a person that remains after the body dies. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **a different principle in my body parts, warring against that new principle in my mind, and taking me captive** - AT: "I am able only to do what my old nature tells me to do, not to live the new way the Spirit shows me" +* **that new principle** - This is the new spiritually alive nature. +* **a different principle in my body parts** - This is the old nature, the way people are when they are born. +* **the principle of sin which is in my body parts** - AT: "my sinful nature" diff --git a/rom/07/24.md b/rom/07/24.md index 53163eee7..53d313bce 100644 --- a/rom/07/24.md +++ b/rom/07/24.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I am a miserable man! Who will deliver me from this body of death?** - "I want someone to set me free from the control of what my body desires" (UDB). If your language has a way to show that both the exclamation and the question are highly emotional, use it here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **thanks to God through Jesus Christ our Lord** - This is the answer to the question in 7:24 (see UDB). -* **So then I myself on the one hand with the mind serve the Law of God, but on the other hand serve the principle of sin with the flesh** - Alternate translation: "My mind chooses to please God, but my flesh chooses to obey sin." The mind and flesh are used here to show how they compare to serve either God's Laws or the principle of sin. With the mind or intellect one can choose to please and obey God and with the flesh or physical nature to serve sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* ** Who will deliver me from this body of death?** - "I want someone to set me free from the control of what my body desires" (UDB). If your language has a way to show that both the exclamation and the question are highly emotional, use it here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **thanks to God through Jesus Christ our Lord** - This is the answer to the question in 7:24. (see UDB) +* **So then I myself on the one hand with the mind serve the Law of God, but on the other hand serve the principle of sin with the flesh** - The mind and flesh are used here to show how they compare to serve either God's Laws or the principle of sin. With the mind or intellect one can choose to please and obey God and with the flesh or physical nature to serve sin. AT: "My mind chooses to please God, but my flesh chooses to obey sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/08/01.md b/rom/08/01.md index fa0c339f6..971d7846a 100644 --- a/rom/08/01.md +++ b/rom/08/01.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **therefore** - "for that reason" or "because what I have just told you is true." +* **therefore** - "for that reason" or "because what I have just told you is true" * **principle...principle** - The word "principle" here refers to the way things work by nature. This has nothing to do with rules laid down by people. diff --git a/rom/08/03.md b/rom/08/03.md index 9d87d3b93..80f3b4bb7 100644 --- a/rom/08/03.md +++ b/rom/08/03.md @@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For what the Law was unable to do because it was weak through the flesh, God did** - Here the Law is described as a person who could not break the power of sin. Alternate translation: "For the Law did not have the power to stop us from sinning, because the power of sin within us was too strong. But God did stop us from sinning." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **through the flesh** - "because of people's sinful nature" -* **in the likeness of sinful flesh** - Alternative translation, beginning a new sentence: "He looked like any other sinful human being." -* **to be an offering for sin** - "so that he could die as a sacrifice for our sins" -* **and he condemned sin in the flesh** - Alternate translation: "and God broke the power of sin through the body of his Son." -* **the requirements of the Law might be fulfilled in us** - Alternate translation with an active verb: "we might fulfill what the Law requires." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **we who walk not according to the flesh** - "we who do not obey our sinful desires" -* **but according to the Spirit** - "but who obey the Holy Spirit" +* **For what the Law was unable to do because it was weak through the flesh, God did** - Here the Law is described as a person who could not break the power of sin. AT: "For the Law did not have the power to stop us from sinning, because the power of sin within us was too strong. But God did stop us from sinning" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **through the flesh** - AT: "because of people's sinful nature" +* **in the likeness of sinful flesh** - This can be a new sentence. AT: "He looked like any other sinful human being" +* **to be an offering for sin** - AT:"so that he could die as a sacrifice for our sins" +* **and he condemned sin in the flesh** - AT: "and God broke the power of sin through the body of his Son" +* **the requirements of the Law might be fulfilled in us** - AT: "we might fulfill what the Law requires" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **we who walk not according to the flesh** - AT: "we who do not obey our sinful desires" +* **but according to the Spirit** - AT: "but who obey the Holy Spirit" diff --git a/rom/08/06.md b/rom/08/06.md index 1ad749738..e9944ceab 100644 --- a/rom/08/06.md +++ b/rom/08/06.md @@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **mentality of the flesh...the mentality of the Spirit** - "the way sinful people think...the way people who listen to the Holy Spirit think" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **death** - Here this means the separation of a person from God. diff --git a/rom/08/09.md b/rom/08/09.md index 57ef07799..f1071e834 100644 --- a/rom/08/09.md +++ b/rom/08/09.md @@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ * [[en:tw:christ]] * [[en:tw:holyspirit]] -* [[en:tw:holyspirit]] * [[en:tw:righteous]] * [[en:tw:spirit]] @@ -10,8 +9,8 @@ * **in the flesh but in the Spirit** - See how these phrases were translated in [[en:bible:notes:rom:08:03]]. * **Spirit...God's Spirit...Spirit of Christ** - These all refer to the Holy Spirit. -* **if it is true that** - This phrase does not mean Paul doubts that some of them have God's Spirit. Paul wants them to realize that they all have God's Spirit. Alternate translation: "since" or "because." -* **If Christ is in you** - How Christ lives in a person could be made explicit: "If Christ lives in you through the Holy Spirit." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **on the one hand the body is dead in respect to sin, but on the other hand** - The phrases "on the one hand" and "but on the other hand" introduce two different ways of thinking about something. Alternate translation: "the body is dead in respect to sin, but." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **the body is dead in respect to sin** - Possible meanings are 1) a person is spiritually dead to the power of sin or 2) the physical body will still die because of sin. -* **the spirit is alive in respect to righteousness** - Possible meanings are 1) a person is spiritually alive God has given him power to do what is right or 2) God will bring the person back to life after he dies because God is righteous and gives believers eternal life. +* **if it is true that** - This phrase does not mean Paul doubts that some of them have God's Spirit. Paul wants them to realize that they all have God's Spirit. AT: "since" or "because" +* **If Christ is in you** - How Christ lives in a person could be made explicit. AT: "If Christ lives in you through the Holy Spirit" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **on the one hand the body is dead in respect to sin, but on the other hand** - The phrases "on the one hand" and "but on the other hand" introduce two different ways of thinking about something. AT: "the body is dead in respect to sin, but" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **the body is dead in respect to sin** - Possible meanings are 1) a person is spiritually dead to the power of sin or 2) the physical body will still die because of sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **the spirit is alive in respect to righteousness** - Possible meanings are 1) a person is spiritually alive God has given him power to do what is right or 2) God will bring the person back to life after he dies because God is righteous and gives believers eternal life. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/rom/08/11.md b/rom/08/11.md index d65b6affc..6efe909f5 100644 --- a/rom/08/11.md +++ b/rom/08/11.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **If the Spirit...lives in you** - Paul assumes that the Holy Spirit lives in his readers. Alternate translation: "Since the Spirit...lives in you." -* **of him who raised** - "of God, who raised" -* **mortal bodies** - "physical bodies" or "bodies, which will die someday" +* **If the Spirit...lives in you** - Paul assumes that the Holy Spirit lives in his readers. AT: "Since the Spirit...lives in you" +* **of him who raised** - AT: "of God, who raised" +* **raised** - Here this means to cause a dead person to become alive again. +* **mortal bodies** - AT: "physical bodies" or "bodies, which will die someday" diff --git a/rom/08/12.md b/rom/08/12.md index 87adaa9fe..79593c84e 100644 --- a/rom/08/12.md +++ b/rom/08/12.md @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **So then** - "Because what I have just told you is true" -* **brothers** - "fellow believers" -* **we are debtors** - Paul is comparing obedience to paying back a debt. Alternate translation: "we need to obey." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **but not to the flesh to live according to the flesh** - "but we do not need to obey our sinful desires" -* **For if you live according to the flesh** - "Because if you live only to please your sinful desires" -* **you are about to die** - "you will certainly be separated from God" -* **but if by the Spirit you put to death the body's actions** - Alternate translation, as a new sentence: "But if by the power of the Holy Spirit you stop obeying your sinful desires." +* **So then** - AT: "Because what I have just told you is true" +* **brothers** - AT: "fellow believers" +* **we are debtors** - Paul is comparing obedience to paying back a debt. AT: "we need to obey" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **but not to the flesh to live according to the flesh** - AT: AT: "but we do not need to obey our sinful desires" +* **For if you live according to the flesh** - AT: "Because if you live only to please your sinful desires" +* **you are about to die** - AT: "you will certainly be separated from God" +* **but if by the Spirit you put to death the body's actions** - AT, as a new sentence: "But if by the power of the Holy Spirit you stop obeying your sinful desires" diff --git a/rom/08/14.md b/rom/08/14.md index b5c658a52..790b8921f 100644 --- a/rom/08/14.md +++ b/rom/08/14.md @@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For as many as are led by the Spirit of God** - Alternate translation with an active verb: "For all the people whom the Spirit of God leads." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again to fear** - "For God did not give you a spirit that enslaves you again to the power of sin and the fear of God's judgment" -* **by which we cry** - "which causes us to cry out" +* **For as many as are led by the Spirit of God** - AT: "For all the people whom the Spirit of God leads" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **sons of God** - Here this means all believers in Jesus and is often translated as “children of God.” +* **For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again to fear** - AT: "For God did not give you a spirit that enslaves you again to the power of sin and the fear of God's judgment" +* **by which we cry** - AT: "which causes us to cry out" * **Abba, Father** - "Abba" is "Father" in the Aramaic language. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/rom/08/16.md b/rom/08/16.md index fef73bc77..e81ab33be 100644 --- a/rom/08/16.md +++ b/rom/08/16.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **If children, then also heirs** - The verbs are left out of these phrases but they are understood. Alternate translation: "If we are children of God, then we are also heirs." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) -* **heirs of God on the one hand, and joint heirs on the other hand with Christ** - The phrases "on the one hand" and "on the other hand" introduce two different ways of thinking about something. Alternate translation: "heirs of God and also fellow heirs with Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **that we may also be glorified with him** - This can be translated as with an active verb: "that God may glorify us along with him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **If children, then also heirs** - The verbs are left out of these phrases but they are understood. AT: "If we are children of God, then we are also heirs" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **heirs of God on the one hand, and joint heirs on the other hand with Christ** - The phrases "on the one hand" and "on the other hand" introduce two different ways of thinking about something. AT: "heirs of God and also fellow heirs with Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **that we may also be glorified with him** - AT: "that God may glorify us along with him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/08/18.md b/rom/08/18.md index c4b810bb9..72086ca6c 100644 --- a/rom/08/18.md +++ b/rom/08/18.md @@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **For** - This emphasizes "I consider." It does not mean "because." -* **I consider that...are not worthy to be compared with** - "I do not think that...are worth comparing with." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **will be revealed** - Alternate translation with an active verb: "God will reveal" or "God will make known." +* **I consider that...are not worthy to be compared with** - AT: "I do not think that...are worth comparing with" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **will be revealed** - AT: "God will reveal" or "God will make known" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **the eager expectation of the creation waits for** - Everything that God created is described as a person eagerly waiting for something. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **for the revealing of the sons of God** - "for the time at which God will reveal his children" +* **for the revealing of the sons of God** - AT: "for the time at which God will reveal his children" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **sons of God** - Here this means all believers in Jesus and is often translated as “children of God.” diff --git a/rom/08/20.md b/rom/08/20.md index a5b7ecf3c..0ad46918a 100644 --- a/rom/08/20.md +++ b/rom/08/20.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For the creation was subjected to futility** - Alternate translation with an active verb: "For God caused what he had created to be unable to achieve the purpose for which he had made it." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **not of its own will, but of him who subjected it** - Here "creation" is described as a person who can desire. Alternate translation: "not because this is what the created things wanted, but because it is what God wanted." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **in the confidence that the creation itself will be delivered** - Alternate translation with a new sentence and with an active verb: "Yet the things created are fully certain that God will save them" (see UDB). -* **from slavery to decay** - Paul compares all things in creation to slaves and "decay" to their owner. Alternate translation: "from rotting and dying." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **into the liberty of the glory of the children of God** - "and he will free them when he gives honor to his children" -* **For we know that the whole creation groans and labors in pain together even now** - The creation is compared to a woman groaning while giving birth to a baby. "For we know that everything that God created wants to be free and groans for it like a woman giving birth." +* **For the creation was subjected to futility** - AT: "For God caused what he had created to be unable to achieve the purpose for which he had made it" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **not of its own will, but of him who subjected it** - Here "creation" is described as a person who can desire. AT: "not because this is what the created things wanted, but because it is what God wanted" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **in the confidence that the creation itself will be delivered** - This can begin a new sentence and with an active verb. AT: "Because God knew that he would save creation" (see UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **from slavery to decay** - Paul compares all things in creation to slaves and "decay" to their owner. AT: "from rotting and dying" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **into the liberty of the glory of the children of God** - AT: "and he will free them when he gives honor to his children" +* **For we know that the whole creation groans and labors in pain together even now** - The creation is compared to a woman groaning while giving birth to a baby. AT: "For we know that everything that God created wants to be free and groans for it like a woman giving birth" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/08/23.md b/rom/08/23.md index 6a41b987b..3463ff07f 100644 --- a/rom/08/23.md +++ b/rom/08/23.md @@ -9,6 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * ** who have the first fruits of the Spirit** - Paul compares believers receiving the Holy Spirit to the first fruits and vegetables of the season to grow. This emphasizes that the Holy Spirit is only the beginning of what God will give to believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **waiting for our adoption, the redemption of our body** - It can be made explicit what God will redeem us from: "waiting for when we are fully members of God's family and he saves our bodies from decay and death." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **For in confidence we were saved** - This can be translated with an active verb: "For we are confident that God saved us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **But confidence that is seen is not confidence, for who is confident of what he now sees?** - Paul uses a question to help his audience understand what "confidence" is. Alternate translation: "But if we are confidently waiting that means we do not yet have what we want. No one can confidently wait if he already has what he wants." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). +* **waiting for our adoption, the redemption of our body** - AT: "waiting for when we are fully members of God's family and he saves our bodies from decay and death" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **For by this confidence we were saved** - AT: "For God saved us because we were confident in him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **But what we are confident will happen has not yet been seen, for who is confident of what he already sees?** - Paul uses a question to help his audience understand what "confidence" is. AT: "But if we are confidently waiting that means we do not yet have what we want. No one can confidently wait if he already has what he wants." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]). diff --git a/rom/08/26.md b/rom/08/26.md index 98ec3d721..db321a3b3 100644 --- a/rom/08/26.md +++ b/rom/08/26.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **inexpressible groanings** - "groanings that cannot be expressed in words" +* **inexpressible groanings** - AT: "groanings that cannot be expressed in words" diff --git a/rom/08/28.md b/rom/08/28.md index 37760b672..ec9716f21 100644 --- a/rom/08/28.md +++ b/rom/08/28.md @@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **for those who are called** - Alternate translation with an active verb: "for those whom God chose." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **those whom he foreknew** - "those whom he knew before he even created them" -* **he also predestined** - "he also made it their destiny" or "he also planned in advance" -* **to be conformed to the image of his Son** - This can be translated with an active verb: "that he would he would change them to be like his Son." -* **that he might be the firstborn** - "so that his Son would be the firstborn" -* **among many brothers** - The full meaning can be made explicit: "among many brothers and sisters who belong to the family of God" ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **Those whom he predestined** - "Those whom God made plans for in advance" -* **these he also glorified** - The word "glorified" is in the past tense to emphasize that this will certainly happen. Alternate translation: "these he will also glorify." +* **for those who are called** - AT: "for those whom God chose" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **those whom he foreknew** - AT: "those whom he knew before he even created them" +* **he also predestined** - AT: "he also made it their destiny" or "he also planned in advance" +* **to be conformed to the image of his Son** - AT: "that he would change them to be like his Son" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **that he might be the firstborn** - AT: "so that his Son would be the firstborn" +* **among many brothers** - AT: "among many brothers and sisters who belong to the family of God" ([[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Those whom he predestined** - AT: "Those whom God made plans for in advance" +* **these he also glorified** - The word "glorified" is in the past tense to emphasize that this will certainly happen. AT: "these he will also glorify" diff --git a/rom/08/31.md b/rom/08/31.md index 5364fca27..52e5403f9 100644 --- a/rom/08/31.md +++ b/rom/08/31.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **What then shall we say about these things? If God is for us, who is against us?** - Paul uses questions to emphasize the main point of what he said previously. Alternate translation: "This is what we should know from all of this: since God is helping us, no one can defeat us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **but delivered him up** - "but handed him over to his enemies" -* **how will he not also with him freely give us all things?** - Paul is using a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "he will certainly and freely give us all things." +* **What then shall we say about these things? If God is for us, who is against us?** - Paul uses questions to emphasize the main point of what he said previously. AT: "This is what we should know from all of this: since God is helping us, no one can defeat us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **but delivered him up** - AT: "but handed him over to his enemies" +* **how will he not also with him freely give us all things?** - Paul is using a question for emphasis. AT: "he will certainly and freely give us all things" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) diff --git a/rom/08/33.md b/rom/08/33.md index 2877bb9c6..150df4e5c 100644 --- a/rom/08/33.md +++ b/rom/08/33.md @@ -11,6 +11,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Who will bring any accusation against God’s chosen ones? God is the one who justifies** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "No one can accuse us before God because he is the one who makes us right with him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Who is the one who condemns? Is it Christ Jesus…and who also intercedes in our behalf?** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "No one can condemn us because it is Jesus Christ…and who also intercedes on our behalf." -* **who even more importantly was raised from the dead** - This can be translated with an active verb: "whom even more importantly God raised from the dead" or "who even more importantly came back to life." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). +* **Who will bring any accusation against God’s chosen ones? God is the one who justifies** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. AT: "No one can accuse us before God because he is the one who makes us right with him" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Who is the one who condemns? Is it Christ Jesus…and who also intercedes in our behalf?** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. AT: "No one can condemn us because it is Jesus Christ…and who also intercedes on our behalf" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **who even more importantly was raised from the dead** - AT: "whom even more importantly God raised from the dead" or "who even more importantly came back to life" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]). diff --git a/rom/08/35.md b/rom/08/35.md index 46ba799a2..0611b47b2 100644 --- a/rom/08/35.md +++ b/rom/08/35.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or hunger, or nakedness, or danger, or sword?** - Alternate translation: "It is not possible even if someone causes us trouble, hurts us, takes away our clothes and food, or even kills us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or hunger, or nakedness, or danger, or sword?** - AT: "It is not possible even if someone causes us trouble, hurts us, takes away our clothes and food, or even kills us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **Tribulation, or distress** - These words both mean the same thing. (See [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **For your benefit** - Here "your" is singular and refers to God. Alternate translation: "For you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **we are killed all day long** - Here "we" refers to the one who wrote this part of Scripture and includes all those who remain loyal to God. The phrase "all day long" is an exaggeration to emphasize how much danger they are in. Paul uses this part of Scripture to show that all who belong to God should expect difficult times. This can be translated with an active verb: "our enemies continually seek to kill us." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **We were considered as sheep for the slaughter** - This compares those whom people kill because they are loyal to God to livestock. Alternate translation with an active verb: "Our lives had no more value to them than the sheep they kill." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **For your benefit** - Here "your" is singular and refers to God. AT: "For you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **we are killed all day long** - Here "we" refers to the one who wrote this part of Scripture and includes all those who remain loyal to God. The phrase "all day long" is an exaggeration to emphasize how much danger they are in. Paul uses this part of Scripture to show that all who belong to God should expect difficult times. AT: "our enemies continually seek to kill us" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **We were considered as sheep for the slaughter** - This compares those whom people kill because they are loyal to God to livestock. AT: "Our lives had no more value to them than the sheep they kill" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/08/37.md b/rom/08/37.md index 7425c683a..72329076e 100644 --- a/rom/08/37.md +++ b/rom/08/37.md @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **we are more than conquerors** - "we have complete victory" -* **through the one who loved us** - The kind of love that Jesus showed us can be made explicit: "because of Jesus, who loved us so much he was willing to die for us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **I have been convinced** - "I am convinced" or "I am confident" +* **we are more than conquerors** - AT: "we have complete victory" +* **through the one who loved us** - The kind of love that Jesus showed us can be made explicit. AT: "because of Jesus, who loved us so much he was willing to die for us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **I have been convinced** - AT: "I am convinced" or "I am confident" * **governments** - Possible meanings are 1) demons (UDB) or 2) human kings and rulers. * **nor powers** - Possible meanings are 1) spiritual beings with power or 2) human beings with power. diff --git a/rom/09/01.md b/rom/09/01.md index c22c8333e..831e03317 100644 --- a/rom/09/01.md +++ b/rom/09/01.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my conscience bearing witness with me in the Holy Spirit,** - This phrase can be made into a separate sentence: "The Holy Spirit controls my conscience and confirms what I say." -* **that for me there is great sorrow and unceasing pain in my heart.** - This can be a separate sentence. "I tell you that I grieve very greatly and deeply." If the person for whom Paul grieves needs to be stated, follow UDB. +* **my conscience bearing witness with me in the Holy Spirit,** - This phrase can be made into a separate sentence: "The Holy Spirit controls my conscience and confirms what I say" +* **that for me there is great sorrow and unceasing pain in my heart.** - This can be a separate sentence. AT: "I tell you that I grieve very greatly and deeply." If the person for whom Paul grieves needs to be stated, follow UDB. +* **great sorrow and unceasing pain** - These two expressions mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how great his emotions are. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/rom/09/03.md b/rom/09/03.md index e873eb7ec..4e884825b 100644 --- a/rom/09/03.md +++ b/rom/09/03.md @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For I could wish that I myself be cursed and apart from Christ for the sake of my brothers, those of my own race according to the flesh.** - Alternate translation: "I personally would be willing to let God curse me and, keep me apart from Christ forever if that would help my fellow Israelites, my own people group, to believe in Christ." -* **They are Israelites** - "They, like me, are Israelites. God chose them to be Jacob's descendants." (UDB) -* **Theirs are the ancestors from whom has come Christ with respect to the flesh** - "Christ has come physically as a descendant from their ancestors." -* **Christ, who is over all, God blessed forever** - This can be translated as a separate sentence: "Christ is over all and God has blessed him forever." +* **For I could wish that I myself be cursed and apart from Christ for the sake of my brothers, those of my own race according to the flesh.** - AT: "I personally would be willing to let God curse me and, keep me apart from Christ forever if that would help my fellow Israelites, my own people group, to believe in Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **They are Israelites** - AT: "They, like me, are Israelites. God chose them to be Jacob's descendants" (UDB) +* **Theirs are the ancestors from whom has come Christ with respect to the flesh** - AT: "Christ has come physically as a descendant from their ancestors" +* **Christ, who is over all, God blessed forever** - This can be translated as a separate sentence. AT: "Christ is over all and God has blessed him forever" diff --git a/rom/09/06.md b/rom/09/06.md index 5768f51cc..62bb2d311 100644 --- a/rom/09/06.md +++ b/rom/09/06.md @@ -7,6 +7,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But it is not as though the promises of God had failed.** - "But God has not failed to keep his promises." +* **But it is not as though the promises of God had failed** - AT: "But God has not failed to keep his promises" * **For it is not everyone in Israel who truly belongs to Israel.** - God did not make his promises to all the physical descendants of Israel (or Jacob), but to his spiritual descendants, that is, those who have faith in Jesus. -* **Neither are all Abraham's descendants truly his children.** - "Nor are they all children of God just because they are Abraham's descendants." +* **Neither are all Abraham's descendants truly his children** - AT: "Nor are they all children of God just because they are Abraham's descendants" diff --git a/rom/09/08.md b/rom/09/08.md index efc991468..d02fc1ae4 100644 --- a/rom/09/08.md +++ b/rom/09/08.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ * **the children of the flesh** - This refers to people who are the physical descendants of Abraham. * **children of God** - This refers to people who are the spiritual descendants who have faith in Jesus. * **children of the promise** - This refers to people who will inherit the promise. -* **"a son will be given to Sara."** - "I will give Sara a son." +* **a son will be given to Sarah** - AT: "I will give Sara a son" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/09/10.md b/rom/09/10.md index ba372d443..e1abd66d8 100644 --- a/rom/09/10.md +++ b/rom/09/10.md @@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ ## translationNotes -* **our father Isaac...It is just** - You may need to place 9:11 after 9:12: "our father Isaac, it was said to her, 'The older will serve the younger.' Now the children were not yet born...because of him who calls. It is just." +* **our father Isaac...It is just** - You may need to place 9:11 after 9:12. AT: "our father Isaac, it was said to her, 'The older will serve the younger.' Now the children were not yet born...because of him who calls. It is just." * **our father** - Isaac was the ancestor of Paul and of the Jewish believers in Rome. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **conceived** - "became pregnant" -* **for the children were not yet born, neither having yet done anything good or bad** - "before the children were born and had not done anything good or bad" -* **so that the purpose of God according to choice might stand** - "so that what God wants to happen according to His choice might happen" -* **for the children were not yet born** - "before the children were born" -* **neither having yet done anything good or bad** - "not because of anything they had done" +* **conceived** - AT: "became pregnant" +* **for the children were not yet born, neither having yet done anything good or bad** - AT: "before the children were born and had not done anything good or bad" +* **so that the purpose of God according to choice might stand** - AT: "so that what God wants to happen according to His choice might happen" +* **for the children were not yet born** - AT: "before the children were born" +* **neither having yet done anything good or bad** - AT: "not because of anything they had done" * **because of him** - because of God -* **it was said to her, "The older will serve the younger."** - God said to Rebecca, "The older son will serve the younger son." +* **it was said to her, "The older will serve the younger."** - AT: "God said to Rebecca, 'The older son will serve the younger son'" * **"Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated"** - God hated Esau only in comparison to how much he loved Jacob. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/rom/09/14.md b/rom/09/14.md index b2e6f9073..76a83d757 100644 --- a/rom/09/14.md +++ b/rom/09/14.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **What then will we say?** - Paul does not expect an answer to his question. He is using the question to correct the conclusion that God is unrighteous. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **May it never be** - "That is not possible!” or "Certainly not!" This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. -* **For he says to Moses,** - "For God says to Moses," -* **it is not because of him who wills, nor because of him who runs,** - "it is not because of what people want or because they try hard," +* **What then will we say?** - Paul is using the question to correct the conclusion that God is unrighteous. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **May it never be** - AT: "That is not possible!” or "Certainly not!" This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. +* **For he says to Moses** - AT: "For God says to Moses" +* **it is not because of him who wills, nor because of him who runs** - AT: "it is not because of what people want or because they try hard" * **nor because of him who runs** - Paul compares someone running a race to someone who is trying hard to get to a goal. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/09/17.md b/rom/09/17.md index 515473efa..338a2180f 100644 --- a/rom/09/17.md +++ b/rom/09/17.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For the scripture says** - Here the scripture is personified as God talking to Pharaoh. Alternate translation: "The scripture records that God said" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **For the scripture says** - Here the scripture is personified as God talking to Pharaoh. AT: "The scripture records that God said" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **I...my** - God is referring to himself. -* **you** - singular -* **and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth** - "and that people might proclaim my name in all the earth" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **and whom he wishes, he makes stubborn.** - God makes stubborn whom God wishes to make stubborn. +* **you** - singular (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_yousingular]]) +* **and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth** - AT: "and that people might proclaim my name in all the earth" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **and whom he wishes, he makes stubborn** - God makes stubborn whom God wishes to make stubborn. diff --git a/rom/09/19.md b/rom/09/19.md index c824fb026..3e68e4e8c 100644 --- a/rom/09/19.md +++ b/rom/09/19.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **You** - Paul is talking to the critics of his teaching as though his is talking to one person. You may need to use the plural here. (See: [[en:ta:translate:formsofyou]]) +* **You** - Paul is talking to the critics of his teaching as though his is talking to one person. You may need to use the plural here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) * **he...his** - These refer to God. * **Will what has been molded say...daily use?** - Paul uses the potter's right to make any kind of container he wants from the clay as a metaphor for the creator's right to do whatever he wants with his creation. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/09/22.md b/rom/09/22.md index 8f1087bf7..9fcf7841d 100644 --- a/rom/09/22.md +++ b/rom/09/22.md @@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **he…his** - "God...God's" -* **containers of wrath...containers of mercy** - "people who deserve wrath...people who deserve mercy" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **riches of his glory** - "his glory, which is of great value" -* **which he previously prepared for glory** - "whom he prepared ahead of time to give glory" -* **also us** - Paul and fellow believers +* **containers of wrath...containers of mercy** - AT: "people who deserve wrath...people who deserve mercy" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **riches of his glory** - AT: "his glory, which is of great value" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **which he previously prepared for glory** - AT: "whom he prepared ahead of time to give glory" +* **also us** - Paul and fellow believers. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **called** - Here this means God has appointed or chosen people to be his children, to be his servants and proclaimers of his message of salvation through Jesus diff --git a/rom/09/25.md b/rom/09/25.md index 98baae3dd..90ab0b97e 100644 --- a/rom/09/25.md +++ b/rom/09/25.md @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **As he says also in Hosea:** - "As God says also in the book Hosea wrote" +* **As he says also in Hosea** - AT: "As God says also in the book Hosea wrote" * **Hosea** - Hosea was a prophet. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **"I will call my people who were not my people** - "I will choose people who were not my people to be my people" -* **and her beloved who was not beloved.** - "and I will choose her whom I did not love to be one whom I love" -* **sons of the living God** - The word "living" may refer to the fact that God is the only "true" God, and not like the false idols. It could be translated as "children of the true God" (UDB). +* **"I will call my people who were not my people** - AT: "I will choose people who were not my people to be my people" +* **and her beloved who was not beloved** - AT: "and I will choose her whom I did not love to be one whom I love" +* **sons of the living God** - The word "living" may refer to the fact that God is the only "true" God, and not like the false idols. AT: "children of the true God" (UDB). diff --git a/rom/09/27.md b/rom/09/27.md index 7c65c8418..9c2b9f502 100644 --- a/rom/09/27.md +++ b/rom/09/27.md @@ -11,10 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Isaiah** - (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **cries out** - "calls out" -* **as the sand of the sea** - too many to count (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **cries out** - AT: "calls out" +* **as the sand of the sea** - AT: "too many to count" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) * **will be saved** - Saved is used in a spiritual sense. If a person has been “saved,” it means that through Jesus' death on the cross, God has forgiven him and rescued him from being punished for his sin. -* **word** - “word” refers to everything God has said or commanded. -* **us…we** - Here these words refer to Isaiah and include the Israelites. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **we would have become like Sodom, and have been made like Gomorrah** - You can make more explicit how the Israelites would have been like Sodom and Gomorrah: "we would have all been destroyed, like the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed" (UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **word** - This refers to everything God has said or commanded. +* **us…we** - Here these words refer to Isaiah and include the Israelites. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **we would have become like Sodom, and have been made like Gomorrah** - You can make more explicit how the Israelites would have been like Sodom and Gomorrah. AT: "we would have all been destroyed, like the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed" (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) diff --git a/rom/09/30.md b/rom/09/30.md index cb14e0a37..20a674b3b 100644 --- a/rom/09/30.md +++ b/rom/09/30.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **What will we say then?** - "This is what we must say" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **That the Gentiles** - "We will say that the Gentiles" -* **pursuing righteousness** - "trying to please God" -* **attained righteousness, the righteousness by faith** - "pleased God by believing in his Son" -* **did not arrive at it** - "did not attain righteousness by keeping the law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **What will we say then?** - AT: "This is what we must say" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **That the Gentiles** - AT: "We will say that the Gentiles" +* **pursuing righteousness** - AT: "trying to please God" +* **attained righteousness, the righteousness by faith** - AT: "pleased God by believing in his Son" +* **did not arrive at it** - AT: "did not attain righteousness by keeping the law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/09/32.md b/rom/09/32.md index e055af88b..cc3e9e234 100644 --- a/rom/09/32.md +++ b/rom/09/32.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Why not?** - "Why could they not attain righteousness?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **by works** - "by trying to do things that would please God" (see UDB) or "by keeping the Law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **stone of stumbling** - "stone over which people stumble" -* **as it has been written** - "as Isaiah the prophet wrote" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Why not?** - AT: "Why could they not attain righteousness?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **by works** - AT: "by trying to do things that would please God" (see UDB) or "by keeping the Law" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **stone of stumbling** - AT: "stone over which people stumble" +* **as it has been written** - AT: "as Isaiah the prophet wrote" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **Zion** - A place name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **believes in it** - Because the stone stands for a person (see UDB), you may need to translate "believes in him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/10/01.md b/rom/10/01.md index fb5bb0806..56bd7e738 100644 --- a/rom/10/01.md +++ b/rom/10/01.md @@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **my heart’s desire** - "my greatest desire" -* **is for them, for their salvation** - "is that he will save the Jews" +* **Brothers** - Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. +* **my heart’s desire** - AT: "my greatest desire" +* **is for them, for their salvation** - AT: "is that God will save the Jews" diff --git a/rom/10/04.md b/rom/10/04.md index a9bb63763..c46318f3d 100644 --- a/rom/10/04.md +++ b/rom/10/04.md @@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For Christ is the fulfillment of the Law** - "For Christ completely fulfilled the Law" -* **for righteousness for everyone who believes ** - "in order that he may make everyone who believes in him right before God" -* **the righteousness that comes from the Law** - "how the Law makes a person right before God" -* **The man who does the righteousness of the Law will live by this righteousness** - "The person who perfectly obeys the Law will live because the Law will make him right before God." +* **For Christ is the fulfillment of the Law** - AT: "For Christ completely fulfilled the Law" +* **for righteousness for everyone who believes ** - AT: "in order that he may make everyone who believes in him right before God" +* **believes** - Here this means to believe something is to accept or trust that it is true. +* **the righteousness that comes from the Law** - AT: "how the Law makes a person right before God" +* **The man who does the righteousness of the Law will live by this righteousness** - AT: "The person who perfectly obeys the Law will live because the Law will make him right before God" * **will live** - This can refer to 1) eternal life (see UDB) or 2) mortal life in fellowship with God. diff --git a/rom/10/06.md b/rom/10/06.md index acf5b529e..f00817e07 100644 --- a/rom/10/06.md +++ b/rom/10/06.md @@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But the righteousness that comes from faith says this** - Here "righteousness" is described as a person that can speak. Alternate translation: "But Moses writes this about how faith makes a person right before God." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **Do not say in your heart** - "Do not say to yourself." Moses was addressing the people as though they were one person. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Who will ascend into heaven?** - Moses uses a question to teach his audience. His previous instruction of, "Do not say" requires a negative answer to this question. Alternate translation: "No one should try to go up to heaven." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **that is, to bring Christ down** - "in order that they might have Christ come down to earth" -* **Who will descend into the abyss** - Moses uses a question to teach his audience. His previous instruction of, "Do not say" requires a negative answer to this question. Alternate translation: "No one should try to go down and enter the place where the spirits of dead persons are." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **that is, to bring Christ up from the dead** - "in order that they might bring Christ up from the dead" +* **But the righteousness that comes from faith says this** - Here "righteousness" is described as a person that can speak. AT: "But Moses writes this about how faith makes a person right before God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **Do not say in your heart** - Moses was addressing the people as though they were one person. AT: "Do not say to yourself" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **Who will ascend into heaven?** - Moses uses a question to teach his audience. His previous instruction of, "Do not say" requires a negative answer to this question. AT: "No one should try to go up to heaven" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **that is, to bring Christ down** - AT: "in order that they might have Christ come down to earth" +* **Who will descend into the abyss** - Moses uses a question to teach his audience. His previous instruction of, "Do not say" requires a negative answer to this question. AT: "No one should try to go down and enter the place where the spirits of dead persons are" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **that is, to bring Christ up from the dead** - AT: "in order that they might bring Christ up from the dead" +* **dead** - Here it means when the physical body of a person stops living. diff --git a/rom/10/08.md b/rom/10/08.md index 1c8517cf1..86bee137e 100644 --- a/rom/10/08.md +++ b/rom/10/08.md @@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ * [[en:tw:salvation]] * [[en:tw:save]] * [[en:tw:word]] -* [[en:tw:word]] ## translationNotes -* **But what does it say?** - The word "it" refers to "righteousness" in 10:6. Here Paul describes "righteousness" as a person that can speak. Paul uses a question to emphasize the answer he is about to give. Alternate translation: "But this is what Moses says" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **The word is near you** - "The message is right here" -* **in your mouth** - The word "mouth" refers to what a person speaks. This can be translated as a new sentence: "It is in what you say." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **and in your heart** - The word "heart" refers to a person's mind or what he thinks. Alternate translation: "and it is in what you think." -* **if you acknowledge with your mouth Jesus as Lord** - "if you confess that Jesus is Lord" -* **believe in your heart** - "accept as true" -* **you will be saved** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will save you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **For with the heart man believes for righteousness, and with the mouth he acknowledges for salvation** - "For it is with the mind that a person trusts and is right before God, and it is with the mouth that a person confesses and God saves him" +* **But what does it say?** - The word "it" refers to "righteousness" in 10:6. Here Paul describes "righteousness" as a person that can speak. Paul uses a question to emphasize the answer he is about to give. AT: "But this is what Moses says" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **The word is near you** - AT: "The message is right here" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) +* **in your mouth** - The word "mouth" refers to what a person speaks. This can be translated as a new sentence. AT: "it is in what you say" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **and in your heart** - The word "heart" refers to a person's mind or what he thinks. AT: "and it is in what you think" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **if you acknowledge with your mouth Jesus as Lord** - AT: "if you confess that Jesus is Lord" +* **believe in your heart** - AT: "accept as true" +* **raised from the dead** - Here this means to cause a dead person to become alive again. +* **you will be saved** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "God will save you" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **For with the heart man believes for righteousness, and with the mouth he acknowledges for salvation** - AT: "For it is with the mind that a person trusts and is right before God, and it is with the mouth that a person confesses and God saves him" diff --git a/rom/10/11.md b/rom/10/11.md index 0ba1f8e5e..52d508f99 100644 --- a/rom/10/11.md +++ b/rom/10/11.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Everyone who believes on him will not be put to shame** - "No one who believes on him will be put to shame." This can be translated with an active: "God will not put to shame anyone who believes in him." Alternate translation: "God will honor everyone who believes in him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **there is no difference between Jew and Greek** - "In this way, God treats the Jews and the non-Jews the same" (UDB). -* **and is rich to all who call upon him** - "and he richly blesses all who trust in him" -* **For everyone who calls upon the name of the Lord will be saved.** - The word "name" refers to the entire person. This can be translated with an active verb: "The Lord will save everyone who trusts in him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Everyone who believes on him will not be put to shame** - This can be translated with an active. AT: "God will honor everyone who believes in him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **there is no difference between Jew and Greek** - AT: "In this way, God treats the Jews and the non-Jews the same" (UDB) +* **and is rich to all who call upon him** - AT: "and he richly blesses all who trust in him" +* **For everyone who calls upon the name of the Lord will be saved** - The word "name" refers to the entire person. This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "The Lord will save everyone who trusts in him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/10/14.md b/rom/10/14.md index 13d340af1..f736146ac 100644 --- a/rom/10/14.md +++ b/rom/10/14.md @@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **How then can they call on him in whom they have not believed?** - Paul uses a question to emphasize the importance of taking the good news of Christ to those who have not heard. The word "they" refers to those who do not yet belong to God. Alternate translation: "Those who do not believe in God cannot call on him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **And how can they believe in him of whom they have not heard?** - Paul uses another question for the same reason. Alternate translations: "And they cannot believe in him if they have not heard his message" or "And they cannot believe in him if they have not heard the message about him." -* **And how can they hear without a preacher?** - Paul uses another question for the same reason. Alternate translation:"And they cannot hear the message if someone does not tell them." -* **And how can they preach, unless they are sent?** - Paul uses another question for the same reason. The word "they" refers to those who belong to God." This can be translated with an active verb: "And they cannot tell other people the message unless someone sends them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **"How beautiful are the feet of those who proclaim glad tidings of good things!"** - Paul uses "feet" to represent those who travel and bring the message to those who have not heard it. Alternate translation: "It is wonderful when messengers come and tell us the good news." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **How then can they call on him in whom they have not believed?** - Paul uses a question to emphasize the importance of taking the good news of Christ to those who have not heard. The word "they" refers to those who do not yet belong to God. AT: "Those who do not believe in God cannot call on him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **And how can they believe in him of whom they have not heard?** - Paul uses another question for the same reason. AT: "And they cannot believe in him if they have not heard his message." or "And they cannot believe in him if they have not heard the message about him." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **beleive in** - Here this means to acknowledge that what that person has said is true. +* **And how can they hear without a preacher?** - Paul uses another question for the same reason. AT: "And they cannot hear the message if someone does not tell them." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **And how can they preach, unless they are sent?** - Paul uses another question for the same reason. The word "they" refers to those who belong to God. AT: "And they cannot tell other people the message unless someone sends them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **How beautiful are the feet of those who proclaim glad tidings of good things** - Paul uses "feet" to represent those who travel and bring the message to those who have not heard it. AT: "It is wonderful when messengers come and tell us the good news" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/rom/10/16.md b/rom/10/16.md index bbfdf2d22..50fb65bf8 100644 --- a/rom/10/16.md +++ b/rom/10/16.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But they did not all listen** - "But not all Jews listened" -* **Lord, who has believed our message?** - Paul is using this question to emphasize that Isaiah prophesied in the Scriptures that many Jews would not believe in Jesus. Here, "our" refers to God and Isaiah. Alternate translation: "Lord, so many of them do not believe our message." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **But they did not all listen** - AT: "But not all Jews listened" +* **Lord, who has believed our message?** - Paul is using this question to emphasize that Isaiah prophesied in the Scriptures that many Jews would not believe in Jesus. Here, "our" refers to God and Isaiah. AT: "Lord, so many of them do not believe our message" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **believe** - Here this means to accept or trust that it is true. diff --git a/rom/10/18.md b/rom/10/18.md index e62e904cb..213178c59 100644 --- a/rom/10/18.md +++ b/rom/10/18.md @@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But I say, "Did they not hear?" Yes, most certainly.** - But I say, "Did they not hear?" Yes, most certainly. Paul uses a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: "But, I say the Jews certainly have heard the message about Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) -* **Their sound has gone out into all the earth, And their words to the ends of the world** - Both of these statements mean basically the same thing and are used for emphasis. The word "their" refers to the sun, moon, and stars. Here they are described as human messengers that tell people about God. This refers to how their existence testifies to God's power and glory. It can be made explicit that Paul is quoting Scripture here. Alternate translation: "As it is written in the Scriptures, 'The sun, moon, and the stars are proof of God's power and glory, and everyone in the world sees them and knows the truth about God.'" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **But I say, "Did they not hear?" Yes, most certainly** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. AT: "But, I say the Jews certainly have heard the message about Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) +* **Their sound has gone out into all the earth, And their words to the ends of the world** - Both of these statements mean basically the same thing and are used for emphasis. The word "their" refers to the sun, moon, and stars. Here they are described as human messengers that tell people about God. This refers to how their existence testifies to God's power and glory. It can be made explicit that Paul is quoting Scripture here. AT: "As it is written in the Scriptures, 'The sun, moon, and the stars are proof of God's power and glory, and everyone in the world sees them and knows the truth about God'" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/10/19.md b/rom/10/19.md index 282ab5064..ca846376e 100644 --- a/rom/10/19.md +++ b/rom/10/19.md @@ -8,8 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Moreover, I say, "Did Israel not know?"** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. The word "Israel" refers to the people who lived in the nation of Israel. Alternate translation: "Again I tell you the people of Israel did know the message." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **First Moses says, "I will provoke you...I will stir you up...** - This means that Moses wrote down what God said. "I" refers to God, and "you" refers to the Israelites. Alternate translation: "First Moses says that God will provoke you...God will stir you up...." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) -* **by what is not a nation** - "by those you do not consider to be a real nation" (see UDB) or "by people who do not belong to any nation" -* **By means of a nation without understanding** - "By a nation with people that do not know me or my commands" -* **I will stir you up to anger** - "I will make you angry." +* **Moreover, I say, "Did Israel not know?"** - Paul uses a question for emphasis. The word "Israel" refers to the people who lived in the nation of Israel. AT: "Again I tell you the people of Israel did know the message." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **First Moses says, "I will provoke you...I will stir you up...** - This means that Moses wrote down what God said. "I" refers to God, and "you" refers to the Israelites. AT: "First Moses says that God will provoke you...God will stir you up...." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_quotations]]) +* **by what is not a nation** - AT: "by those you do not consider to be a real nation" (see UDB) or "by people who do not belong to any nation" +* **By means of a nation without understanding** - AT: "by a nation with people that do not know me or my commands" +* **I will stir you up to anger** - AT: "I will make you angry" +* **you** - This refers to the nation of Israel. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) diff --git a/rom/10/20.md b/rom/10/20.md index 3d2143825..99b22ae5a 100644 --- a/rom/10/20.md +++ b/rom/10/20.md @@ -9,8 +9,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **And Isaiah is very bold and says** - This means Isaiah wrote what God had said. -* **I was found by those who did not seek me** - The words "I" and "me" refer to God. This can be translated with an active verb: "Even though the Gentile people were not looking for me they found me." Also, prophets often speak of things in the future as if they have already happened. This emphasizes that the prophecy will certainly come true. Alternate translation: "Even though the Gentile people may not look for me, they will find me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **I appeared** - "I made myself known." Alternate translation: "I will make myself known." -* **he says** - God, speaking through Isaiah, says -* **All the day long** - This phrase is used to emphasize God's continual effort. Alternate translation: "Continually" -* **I reached out my hands to a disobedient and resistant people** - Alternate translation: "I tried to welcome you and to help you, but you refused my help and continued to disobey." The words "I" and "my" refer to God. +* **I was found by those who did not seek me** - The words "I" and "me" refer to God. This can be translated with an active verb. Also, prophets often speak of things in the future as if they have already happened. This emphasizes that the prophecy will certainly come true. AT: "Even though the Gentile people will not look for me, they will find me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **I appeared** - AT: "I made myself known" +* **he says** - "He" is God, speaking through Isaiah. +* **All the day long** - This phrase is used to emphasize God's continual effort. AT: "continually" +* **I reached out my hands to a disobedient and resistant people** - AT: "I tried to welcome you and to help you, but you refused my help and continued to disobey" +* **I...my** - These words refer to God. diff --git a/rom/11/01.md b/rom/11/01.md index 3fb7becc5..8ee5adc7f 100644 --- a/rom/11/01.md +++ b/rom/11/01.md @@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I say then** - "I, Paul, say then" +* **I say then** - AT: "I, Paul, say then" * **did God reject his people?** - Paul asks this question so that he can answer the questions of other Jews who are upset that the Gentiles have been included in God's people, while the hearts of the Jewish people have been hardened. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **May it never be** - "That is not possible!” or "Certainly not!" This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:09:14]]. * **tribe of Benjamin** - This refers to the tribe descended from Benjamin, one of the 12 tribes God divided the people of Israel into. -* **whom he foreknew** - "whom he knew ahead of time" -* **Do you not know what the scriptures say about Elijah, how he pleaded with God against Israel? ** - "Surely you know what is written in the scriptures. You remember that Elijah pleaded with God against Israel." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **whom he foreknew** - AT: "whom he knew ahead of time" +* **Do you not know what the scriptures say about Elijah, how he pleaded with God against Israel? ** - AT: "Surely you know what is written in the scriptures. You remember that Elijah pleaded with God against Israel." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **what the scriptures say** - Paul is referring to what is written in the scriptures. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) -* **they have killed** - the people of Israel have killed +* **they have killed** - "They" are the people of Israel. * **I alone am left** - The pronoun "I" refers to Elijah. diff --git a/rom/11/04.md b/rom/11/04.md index 433b697d3..67d1fdfab 100644 --- a/rom/11/04.md +++ b/rom/11/04.md @@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But what does God's answer say to him** - Paul is using this question to bring the reader to his next point. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **what does God's answer say** - "How does God answer" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **But what does God's answer say to him?** - Paul is using this question to bring the reader to his next point. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **what does God's answer say** - AT: "How does God answer" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **him** - The pronoun "him" refers to Elijah. -* **seven thousand men** - "7,000 men". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **seven thousand men** - "7,000 men" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **remnant** - Here this means a small part of people who were chosen by God to receive his grace. diff --git a/rom/11/06.md b/rom/11/06.md index be03ad202..66cb49160 100644 --- a/rom/11/06.md +++ b/rom/11/06.md @@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **But if it is by grace** - Paul is continuing to explain how God's mercy works. "But since God's mercy works by grace." -* **What then?** - "What should we conclude?" Alternative translation: "This is what we need to remember." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **But if it is by grace** - Paul is continuing to explain how God's mercy works. AT: "But since God's mercy works by grace" +* **What then?** - "What should we conclude?" AT: "This is what we need to remember." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **God gave them a spirit of dullness, eyes so that they should not see, and ears so that they should not hear** - This is a metaphor about the fact that they are spiritually dull. They are not able to see or hear spiritual truth. +* **spirit of** - Here this means “having the characteristics of,” such as the “spirit of wisdom.” * **eyes so that they should not see** - The concept of seeing with one's eyes was considered to be equivalent to gaining understanding. * **ears so that they should not hear** - The concept of hearing with the ears was considered to be equivalent to obedience. diff --git a/rom/11/09.md b/rom/11/09.md index 3a563d42d..0a795d427 100644 --- a/rom/11/09.md +++ b/rom/11/09.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let their table be made a net, a trap** - "Table" represents feasting, and "net" and "trap" represent punishment. Alternate translation: "Please, God, catch and trap them at their feasts." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **a stumbling block** - "something that makes them sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **and retaliation to them** - "something that allows you to take revenge on them" +* **Let their table be made a net, a trap** - "Table" represents feasting, and "net" and "trap" represent punishment. AT: "Please, God, catch and trap them at their feasts" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]], [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **a stumbling block** - AT: "something that makes them sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **and retaliation to them** - AT: "something that allows you to take revenge on them" * **always keep their backs bent** - David asks God to turn his enemies into slaves who always carry heavy loads on their backs. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/11/11.md b/rom/11/11.md index 62ebd597d..befa4d8f1 100644 --- a/rom/11/11.md +++ b/rom/11/11.md @@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Did they stumble so as to fall?** - "Has God rejected them forever because they sinned?" +* **Did they stumble so as to fall?** - AT: "Has God rejected them forever because they sinned?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **May it never be** - "That is not possible!” or "Certainly not!" This expression strongly denies that this could happen. You may want have a similar expression in your language that you could use here. See how you translated this in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:09:14]]. * **provoke...to jealousy** - Translate this phrase the same way you did in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:10:19]]. +* **the world** - Here this means people in the world. diff --git a/rom/11/15.md b/rom/11/15.md index 6d40faa7d..b97b17ee9 100644 --- a/rom/11/15.md +++ b/rom/11/15.md @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **those** - This pronoun refers to Jewish unbelievers. -* **what will their reception be but life from the dead** - "So then, how will God receive them when they believe in Christ? It will be like they have come back to life from the dead!" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **If the firstfruit is holy, so is the lump of dough.** - Paul is comparing Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the Israelites' ancestors, to the first grain to be harvested, and the Israelites who are descendants of those men to dough made from grain harvested later.(See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the world** - Here this means people in the world. +* **what will their reception be but life from the dead?** - AT: "So then, how will God receive them when they believe in Christ? It will be like they have come back to life from the dead!" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **If the firstfruit is holy, so is the lump of dough.** - Paul is comparing Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the Israelites' ancestors, to the first grain to be harvested, and the Israelites who are descendants of those men to dough made from grain harvested later. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **If the root is holy, so are the branches** - Paul is comparing Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the Israelites' ancestors, to the root of a tree, and the Israelites who are descendants of those men to the tree's branches. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **holy** - People who are holy belong to God and have been set apart for the purpose of serving God and bringing him glory. diff --git a/rom/11/17.md b/rom/11/17.md index 9522a6dc5..d542af92b 100644 --- a/rom/11/17.md +++ b/rom/11/17.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ * Paul is speaking to the Gentile believers as though they are one person. * **and you, a wild olive branch** - The pronoun "you," and the phrase "a wild olive branch," refer to the Gentile people who have accepted salvation through Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]], [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **were grafted in among them** - "were attached to the tree among the remaining branches" -* **the rich root of the olive tree** - the promises of God (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **do not boast over the branches** - "do not say you are better than the Jewish people God has rejected" -* **it is not you who supports the root, but the root that supports you** - "you are blessed because of God; God is not blessed because of you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **were grafted in among them** - AT: "were attached to the tree among the remaining branches" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the rich root of the olive tree** - This refers to the promises of God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **do not boast over the branches** - AT: "do not say you are better than the Jewish people God has rejected" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **it is not you who supports the root, but the root that supports you** - AT: "you are blessed because of God; God is not blessed because of you" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/11/19.md b/rom/11/19.md index b4ea79884..6bb129e13 100644 --- a/rom/11/19.md +++ b/rom/11/19.md @@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul is speaking to the Gentile believers as though they are one person. -* **Branches were broken off** - This phrase is used to refer to the Jewish people who have been rejected by God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) It can be turned into the active form: "God broke branches off." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **I might be grafted in** - This phrase is used to refer to the Gentile believers who have been accepted by God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) It can be turned into the active form: "he might attach me in" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **they were broken off** - This can be turned into the active form: "he broke them off." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **branches were broken off** - AT: "God broke branches off" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **branches** - This phrase is used to refer to the Jewish people who have been rejected by God. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **I might be grafted in** - This phrase is used to refer to the Gentile believers who have been accepted by God. AT: "he might attach me in" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **they were broken off** - AT: "he broke them off" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **their…they** - The pronouns "their" and "they" refer to the Jewish people who did not believe. -* **but you stand by your faith** - "but you remain because of your faith." -* **For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you** - "For if God did not excuse the natural branches, neither will he excuse you." -* **natural branches** - This phrase refers to the Jewish people. +* **but you stand by your faith** - AT: "but you remain because of your faith" +* **For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you** - AT: "For if God did not excuse the natural branches, neither will he excuse you" +* **natural branches** - This phrase refers to the Jewish people. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/11/22.md b/rom/11/22.md index a55d6ab76..1553b0e18 100644 --- a/rom/11/22.md +++ b/rom/11/22.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * Paul is speaking to the Gentile believers as though they are one person. * **the kind actions and the severity of God** - Paul is reminding the Gentile believers that although God may act very kindly toward them, he will not hesitate to judge and punish them. -* **Otherwise you also will be cut off** - "Otherwise God will cut you off" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Otherwise you also will be cut off** - AT: "Otherwise God will cut you off" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/11/23.md b/rom/11/23.md index f3f3b74eb..dd3099c7c 100644 --- a/rom/11/23.md +++ b/rom/11/23.md @@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul is speaking to the Gentile believers as though they are one person. -* **if they do not continue in their unbelief** - "If the Jews start believing in Christ" -* **they will be grafted back in** - "God will graft them back" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **if they do not continue in their unbelief** - AT: "If the Jews start believing in Christ" +* **they will be grafted back in** - AT: "God will graft them back" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **graft** - This is a common process where the end of a live branch of one tree is inserted into another tree so that it will continue to grow in that new tree. -* **For if you were cut out of what is by nature a wild olive tree, and contrary to nature were grafted into a good olive tree, how much more will these Jews, who are the natural branches, be grafted back into their own olive tree?** - Paul is comparing members of the people of God to branches on a tree (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) Alternate translation using active verbs: "For if God had cut you out of what is by nature a wild olive tree, and contrary to nature had grafted you into a good olive tree, how much more will he graft these Jews, who are the natural branches, into their own olive tree?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **For if you were cut out of what is by nature a wild olive tree, and contrary to nature were grafted into a good olive tree, how much more will these Jews, who are the natural branches, be grafted back into their own olive tree?** - AT: "For if God had cut you out of what is by nature a wild olive tree, and contrary to nature had grafted you into a good olive tree, how much more will he graft these Jews, who are the natural branches, into their own olive tree?" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **branches** - Paul is comparing members of the people of God to branches on a tree. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **they…them** - All occurrences of they or them refer to the Jews. diff --git a/rom/11/25.md b/rom/11/25.md index 92b682196..0c34c3429 100644 --- a/rom/11/25.md +++ b/rom/11/25.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ * **I** - The pronoun "I" refers to Paul. * **you…you…your** - The pronouns "you" and "your" refer to the Gentile believers. -* **in order that you will not be wise in your own thinking** - "so that you will not think you are wiser than you are:" The Gentile believers may believe they are wiser than the Jewish unbelievers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **in order that you will not be wise in your own thinking** - The Gentile believers may believe they are wiser than the Jewish unbelievers. AT: "so that you will not think you are wiser than you are" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **a partial hardening has occurred in Israel** - Some Jews have refused to accept salvation through Jesus. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **until the completion of the Gentiles come in** - The word "until" here implies that many Jews will believe after God has finished bringing the Gentiles into the church. diff --git a/rom/11/26.md b/rom/11/26.md index 1168e9f1f..f337a2d75 100644 --- a/rom/11/26.md +++ b/rom/11/26.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Thus all Israel will be saved** - This sentence could be stated in the active form: "Thus God will save all Israel" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Thus all Israel will be saved** - AT: "Thus God will save all Israel" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) * **all Israel will be saved** - This is an exaggeration: many Jews will be saved. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/rom/11/28.md b/rom/11/28.md index 7d0136550..4dd89c381 100644 --- a/rom/11/28.md +++ b/rom/11/28.md @@ -9,5 +9,6 @@ ## translationNotes * **On the one hand...on the other hand** - This is a pair of phrases used to compare two different facts about a subject. Paul uses these phrases to explain that God has rejected the Jews, but he also still loves them. -* **they are hated because of you** - "God hates the Jews because of you Gentile believers" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) God's love for the Gentiles was so great that his love for the Jews seemed like hatred in comparison. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **For the gifts and the call of God are unchangeable** - "Because the gifts and the call of God cannot change" +* **they are hated because of you** - God's love for the Gentiles was so great that his love for the Jews seemed like hatred in comparison. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **they are hated** - AT: "God hates the Jews" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **For the gifts and the call of God are unchangeable** - AT: "Because the gifts and the call of God cannot change" diff --git a/rom/11/30.md b/rom/11/30.md index 862d25e66..9783a6829 100644 --- a/rom/11/30.md +++ b/rom/11/30.md @@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **you were formerly disobedient** - "you did not obey in the past." The pronoun "you," referring to Gentile believers, is plural. -* **God has shut up all into disobedience** - This can also mean that God has made everyone unable to stop disobeying him, like prisoners unable to escape prison: "God has made everyone prisoners of their disobedience." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **you were formerly disobedient** - AT: "you did not obey in the past" +* **you** - This refers to Gentile believers, and is plural. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_youdual]]) +* **God has shut up all into disobedience** - This can also mean that God has made everyone unable to stop disobeying him, like prisoners unable to escape prison. AT: "God has made everyone prisoners of their disobedience" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/11/33.md b/rom/11/33.md index 0f09bc9e6..5d383ec40 100644 --- a/rom/11/33.md +++ b/rom/11/33.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and the knowledge of God** - "How amazing are the many benefits of both God's wisdom and knowledge" -* **How unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways beyond discovering** - "We are completely unable to understand the things that he has decided and find out the ways in which he acts toward us" +* **Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and the knowledge of God** - AT: "How amazing are the many benefits of both God's wisdom and knowledge" +* **How unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways beyond discovering** - AT: "We are completely unable to understand the things that he has decided and find out the ways in which he acts toward us" diff --git a/rom/11/35.md b/rom/11/35.md index e021c4cd1..4a70f9b03 100644 --- a/rom/11/35.md +++ b/rom/11/35.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **him** - The pronoun "him" in 11:35 refers to the person who gives to God. -* **so it will be paid back to him** - "so God will pay it back to him" +* **so it will be paid back to him** - AT: "so God will pay it back to him" * **him** - All occurrences of "him" in 11:36 refers to God. diff --git a/rom/12/01.md b/rom/12/01.md index 8c3f3188b..894e76336 100644 --- a/rom/12/01.md +++ b/rom/12/01.md @@ -16,11 +16,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I urge you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God** - "Fellow believers, because of the great mercy that God has given you I very much want you" -* **to present your bodies a living sacrifice** - Here Paul uses the word "bodies" to refer to the whole person. Paul is comparing a believer in Christ who completely obeys God to the animals that the Jews killed and then offered to God. Alternate translation: "offer yourselves completely to God while you are alive as if you were a dead sacrifice on a temple altar." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **holy, acceptable to God** - This can mean 1) morally pure, "pleasing to God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) or 2) "dedicated to God alone and pleasing to him." +* **I urge you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God** - AT: "Fellow believers, because of the great mercy that God has given you I very much want you" +* **to present your bodies a living sacrifice** - Here Paul uses the word "bodies" to refer to the whole person. Paul is comparing a believer in Christ who completely obeys God to the animals that the Jews killed and then offered to God. AT: "offer yourselves completely to God while you are alive as if you were a dead sacrifice on a temple altar" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **holy, acceptable to God** - Possible meanings are 1) "a sacrifice that you give to God alone and that pleases him" (UDB) or 2) "acceptable to God because it is morally pure" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) * **which is your spiritual service** - Possible meanings are 1) "which is the the right way to think about worshiping God" or 2) "which is how you worship God in your spirit." -* **Do not be conformed to this world** - This can mean 1) "Do not behave as the world behaves" (see UDB) or 2) "Do not think the way the world does." +* **Do not be conformed to this world** - Possible meanings are 1) "Do not behave as the world behaves" (see UDB) or 2) "Do not think the way the world does." * **Do not be conformed** - This can mean 1) "Do not let the world tell you what to do" or "Do not...what to think" (see UDB) or 2) "Do not allow yourself to act as the world does" or "Do not...to think...does." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **this world** - unbelievers who live in the world (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **but be transformed by the renewal of your mind** - This can be translated with an active verb: "but let God change the way you think" or "but let God change the way you behave by first changing the way you think." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **this world** - This refers to unbelievers, who live in the world. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **but be transformed by the renewal of your mind** - AT: "but let God change the way you think" or "but let God change the way you behave by first changing the way you think" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **perfect** - Here this means being “complete” or “whole.” diff --git a/rom/12/03.md b/rom/12/03.md index 7159574d9..b9d24355f 100644 --- a/rom/12/03.md +++ b/rom/12/03.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **because of the grace that was given to me** - Here "grace" refers to God choosing Paul to be an apostle and leader of the church. Alternate translation: "because God freely chose me to be an apostle." -* **that everyone who is among you should not think more highly of oneself than he ought to think** - "that no one should think they are better than other people" -* **but to think so as to think wisely** - This could be translated as a new sentence:"But you should be wise in how you think about yourselves" -* **just as God has given out to each one a measure of faith** - "since God has given you the amount of faith you need to think correctly" +* **because of the grace that was given to me** - Here "grace" refers to God choosing Paul to be an apostle and leader of the church. AT: "because God freely chose me to be an apostle" +* **that everyone who is among you should not think more highly of oneself than he ought to think** - AT: "that no one should think they are better than other people" +* **but to think so as to think wisely** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "But you should be wise in how you think about yourselves" +* **just as God has given out to each one a measure of faith** - AT: "since God has given you the amount of faith you need to think correctly" diff --git a/rom/12/04.md b/rom/12/04.md index 24b288509..49135905f 100644 --- a/rom/12/04.md +++ b/rom/12/04.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **For** - Paul is explaining why Christians should not think they are better than other people. * **just as we have many members in one body** - Paul compares all the believers in Christ to the different parts of the body. This emphasizes that although believers may serve Christ in different ways, each person belongs to Christ and serves in an important way. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **members** - such things as eyes, stomachs, and hands -* **individually members of each other** - "each believer is a member of every other believer's body." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) Alternate translation: "and each believer is joined together with all other believers." +* **members** - These are such things as eyes, stomachs, and hands. +* **individually members of each other** - AT: "each believer is a member of every other believer's body" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) AT: "and each believer is joined together with all other believers" diff --git a/rom/12/06.md b/rom/12/06.md index cef4cb2a9..c33f854c8 100644 --- a/rom/12/06.md +++ b/rom/12/06.md @@ -10,6 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **We have different gifts according to the grace that was given to us** - "God has freely given each us the ability to do different things for him" +* **We have different gifts according to the grace that was given to us** - AT: "God has freely given each us the ability to do different things for him" * **let it be done according to the proportion of his faith** - Possible meanings are 1) "let him speak prophecies that do not go beyond the amount of faith God has given us" or 2) "let him speak prophecies that agree with the teachings of our faith." -* **if one's gift is giving** - The meaning can be made explicit: "if one has the gift of giving money or other goods to people in need." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **if one's gift is giving** - The meaning can be made explicit. AT: "if one has the gift of giving money or other goods to people in need" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/12/09.md b/rom/12/09.md index d8eaa4c4a..813182c87 100644 --- a/rom/12/09.md +++ b/rom/12/09.md @@ -9,8 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let love be without hypocrisy** - Alternate translation: "Let love be sincere" or "Let love be true." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) -* **Concerning love of the brothers, be affectionate** - Paul begins a list of 9 items, each of the form "Concerning..., be...," to tell the believers that kind of people they should be. You may need to translate some of the items as "Concerning..., do...." The list goes to [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:11]]. -* **Concerning love of the brothers** - "As for how you love your fellow believers" -* **be affectionate** - Alternate translation: "be loyal," as family members. -* **concerning honor, respect one another** - "honor and respect one another" or, using a new sentence, "As for how you honor your fellow believers, respect them" +* **Let love be without hypocrisy** - AT: "Let love be sincere" or "Let love be true" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **love** - Here this word means the kind of love that comes from God and is focused on the good of others, even when it doesn't benefit oneself. +* **Concerning love of the brothers, be affectionate** - Paul begins a list of nine items, each of the form "Concerning..., be...," to tell the believers what kind of people they should be. You may need to translate some of the items as "Concerning..., do...." The list goes to [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:11]]. +* **Concerning love of the brothers** - AT: "As for how you love your fellow believers" +* **love** - is another word that means brotherly love or love for a friend or family member. This is natural human love between friends or relatives. +* **be affectionate** - AT: "be loyal," as family members. +* **concerning honor, respect one another** - AT: "honor and respect one another" or, using a new sentence, "As for how you honor your fellow believers, respect them" diff --git a/rom/12/11.md b/rom/12/11.md index 87e8b506a..b73315f20 100644 --- a/rom/12/11.md +++ b/rom/12/11.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues to tell the believers what kind of people they should be. This list began in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:09]]. -* **Concerning diligence, do not be hesitant; concerning the spirit, be eager; concerning the Lord, serve him.** - "Do not be lazy in your duty, but be eager to follow the Spirit and to serve the Lord" -* **Concerning confidence, rejoice** - "Be happy because our confidence is in God." -* **concerning troubles, be patient** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "Be patient when difficult times come." -* **concerning prayer, be constant** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "And remember to constantly pray." +* **Concerning diligence, do not be hesitant; concerning the spirit, be eager; concerning the Lord, serve him.** - AT: "Do not be lazy in your duty, but be eager to follow the Spirit and to serve the Lord" +* **In your confidence, rejoice** - AT: "Be happy because your confidence is in God" +* **in your troubles, be patient** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "Be patient when difficult times come" +* **in prayer, be constant** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "And remember to constantly pray" * **Share in the needs of the saints** - This is the last item in the list that began in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:09]]. "Concerning the needs of the saints, share with them" or "As for…" or "When fellow Christians are in trouble, help them with what they need." -* **give yourselves to hospitality** - "always welcome them into your home when they need somewhere to stay" +* **give yourselves to hospitality** - AT: "always welcome them into your home when they need somewhere to stay" diff --git a/rom/12/14.md b/rom/12/14.md index 3e54978e7..dd05e5d25 100644 --- a/rom/12/14.md +++ b/rom/12/14.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Be of the same mind toward one another ** - Alternate translations: "Agree with one another" or "Live in unity with each other." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Do not think in proud ways** - "Do not think that you are more important than others" -* **accept lowly people** - "welcome people who do not seem important" -* **Do not be wise in your own thoughts** - "Do not think of yourselves as having more wisdom than everyone else" +* **Be of the same mind toward one another ** - AT: "Agree with one another" or "Live in unity with each other" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Do not think in proud ways** - AT: "Do not think that you are more important than others" +* **accept lowly people** - AT: "welcome people who do not seem important" +* **Do not be wise in your own thoughts** - AT: "Do not think of yourselves as having more wisdom than everyone else" diff --git a/rom/12/17.md b/rom/12/17.md index 539d5b446..b1a08d25c 100644 --- a/rom/12/17.md +++ b/rom/12/17.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* Paul tells the believers how to deal with those who do evil to them in 12:17-[[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:19]]. -* **Repay no one evil for evil** - "Do not do evil things to someone who has done evil things to you." -* **Do good things in the sight of all people** - "Do things that everyone considers to be good." -* **as much as it lies with you, be at peace with all people** - "do whatever you can to live in peace with everyone." -* **as much as it lies with you** - "as for what you can control and are responsible for" +* [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:19]]. +* **Repay no one evil for evil** - AT: "Do not do evil things to someone who has done evil things to you" +* **Do good things in the sight of all people** - AT: "Do things that everyone considers to be good" +* **as much as it lies with you, be at peace with all people** - AT: "do whatever you can to live in peace with everyone" +* **as much as it lies with you** - AT: "as for what you can control and are responsible for" diff --git a/rom/12/19.md b/rom/12/19.md index 0140c328c..82f4e2566 100644 --- a/rom/12/19.md +++ b/rom/12/19.md @@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues to tell the believers how to deal with those who do evil to them. This section began in [[:en:bible:notes:rom:12:17]]. -* **Vengeance belongs to me; I will repay"** - These phrases mean basically the same thing and are used for emphasis. Alternate translation: "I will certainly avenge you." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **Vengeance belongs to me; I will repay** - These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that God will avenge his people. AT: "I will certainly avenge you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **your enemy...feed him...give him a drink...if you do this, you will heap....Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil** - All forms of "you" and "your" are addressed as to one person. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **But if your enemy is hungry...his head** - In 12:20 Paul quotes another part of Scripture. Alternate translation: "But it is also written, 'If your enemy is hungry...his head.'" -* **feed him ** - feed him - "give him some food" +* **But if your enemy is hungry...his head** - In 12:20 Paul quotes another part of Scripture. AT: "But it is also written, 'If your enemy is hungry...his head'" +* **feed him ** - AT: "give him some food" * **heap coals of fire on his head** - Paul compares the punishment that the enemies will receive to hot coals being poured on their heads. Possible meanings are 1) "make the person who harmed you feel badly about how he has mistreated you" or 2) "give God a reason to judge your enemy more harshly." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good** - Paul describes "evil" as though it is a living being. This can be translated with an active verb: "Do not let those who are evil defeat you, but defeat those who are evil by doing what is good." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good** - Paul describes "evil" as though it is a living being. AT: "Do not let those who are evil defeat you, but defeat those who are evil by doing what is good" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/13/01.md b/rom/13/01.md index 877fa0052..763647796 100644 --- a/rom/13/01.md +++ b/rom/13/01.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Let every soul be obedient to** - "Every Christian should obey" (see UDB) or "Everyone should obey" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **higher authorities** - "government officials" -* **for** - "because" -* **the ones that exist have been appointed by God** - "the people who are in authority are there because God put them there" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **that authority** - "that government authority" -* **those who oppose it** - "those who oppose government authority" +* **Let every soul be obedient to** - AT: "Every Christian should obey" (see UDB) or "Everyone should obey" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **higher authorities** - AT: "government officials" +* **for** - AT: "because" +* **the ones that exist have been appointed by God** - AT: "the people who are in authority are there because God put them there" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **that authority** - AT: "that government authority" +* **those who oppose it** - AT: "those who oppose government authority" diff --git a/rom/13/03.md b/rom/13/03.md index afc33b58c..5968b26d4 100644 --- a/rom/13/03.md +++ b/rom/13/03.md @@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For** - For- Paul explains [[:en:bible:notes:rom:13:01]] and what will result if the government condemns a person. +* **For** - Paul explains [[:en:bible:notes:rom:13:01]] and what will result if the government condemns a person. * **rulers are not a terror** - Rulers do not make good people afraid. -* **to good deeds…to evil deeds** - People are identified with their "good deeds" or "evil deeds". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Do you desire to be unafraid of authority?** - Alternate translation: "Let me tell you how you can be unafraid of the government." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **to good deeds…to evil deeds** - People are identified with their "good deeds" or "evil deeds." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Do you desire to be unafraid of authority?** - AT: "Let me tell you how you can be unafraid of the government" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **you will have praise from it** - The government will say good things about people who do what is good. -* **he does not carry the sword for no reason** - "he has the power to punish people, and he will punish people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) +* **he does not carry the sword for no reason** - AT: "he has the power to punish people, and he will punish people" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_litotes]]) * **carry the sword** - Roman governors carried a short sword as a symbol of their authority. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **an avenger for wrath** - "a person who punishes people as an expression of the government's anger against evil" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) -* **not only because of the wrath, but also because of conscience** - "not only so the government will not punish you, but also so you will have a clear conscience before God" +* **an avenger for wrath** - AT: "a person who punishes people as an expression of the government's anger against evil" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **not only because of the wrath, but also because of conscience** - AT: "not only so the government will not punish you, but also so you will have a clear conscience before God" diff --git a/rom/13/06.md b/rom/13/06.md index b466be3e4..71d24b5b0 100644 --- a/rom/13/06.md +++ b/rom/13/06.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Because of this** - "Because the government punishes evildoers" +* **Because of this** - AT: "Because the government punishes evildoers" * **you....Pay to everyone** - Paul is addressing the believers here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **For** - "This is why you should pay taxes:" -* **attend to** - "administer" or "work on" -* **toll** - customs duty +* **For** - AT: "This is why you should pay taxes:" +* **attend to** - AT: "administer" or "work on" +* **toll** - This refers to customs duty. diff --git a/rom/13/08.md b/rom/13/08.md index 80cc151ce..47f5e2a18 100644 --- a/rom/13/08.md +++ b/rom/13/08.md @@ -10,10 +10,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Owe no one anything** - "Pay all you owe to the government and everybody else." Paul is writing to the believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **except** - New sentence: “Loving other Christians is the one debt that you may continue to owe.” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **Owe no one anything** - AT: "Pay all you owe to the government and everybody else" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) +* **owe** - This verb is plural and applies to all the Roman Christians. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) +* **except** - New sentence: “Loving other Christians is the one debt that you may continue to owe” (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **love** - Here and through verse 10 it means the kind of love that comes from God that is focused on the good of others, even when it doesn't benefit oneself. * **For, "You will not…"** - Paul will now show how love fulfills the Law of God. * **You will** - All occurrences of "you" in 13:9 are singular, but the speaker was addressing a group of people as if they were one person, so you may need to use plural forms here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **covet** - to desire to have or possess something which a person does not have and is kept from having or possessing -* **Love does not harm** - This phrase portrays love as a person who is being kind to other people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) Alternate translation: "People who love their neighbors do not harm them." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **Therefore** - "Because love does not harm one's neighbor" +* **covet** - "Covet" means to desire to have or possess something which a person does not have and is kept from having or possessing. +* **Love does not harm** - This phrase portrays love as a person who is being kind to other people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) AT: "People who love their neighbors do not harm them" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **Therefore** - AT: "Because love does not harm one's neighbor" diff --git a/rom/13/11.md b/rom/13/11.md index 2bfb00284..5f69c4bd9 100644 --- a/rom/13/11.md +++ b/rom/13/11.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The night has advanced** - "the present sinful time is almost over" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **the day has come near** - "Christ will return soon" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **works of darkness** - wicked deeds that people prefer to do at night, when no one can see them (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **let us put on the armor of light** - "we should allow God to protect us by doing only those deeds we want people to see us doing" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **The night has advanced** - AT: "the present sinful time is almost over" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the day has come near** - AT: "Christ will return soon" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **works of darkness** - These are wicked deeds which people prefer to do at night, when no one can see them. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **let us put on the armor of light** - AT: "we should allow God to protect us by doing only those deeds we want people to see us doing" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/13/13.md b/rom/13/13.md index ba250cf67..f7b3070bd 100644 --- a/rom/13/13.md +++ b/rom/13/13.md @@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **Let us** - Paul includes his readers and other believers with himself. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **as in the day** - “in a visible way” or "knowing that everyone can see us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **strife** - “plotting against and arguing with other people” -* **jealousy** - "negative feelings against another person's success or advantage over others. +* **as in the day** - AT: “in a visible way” or "knowing that everyone can see us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **strife** - This refers to plotting against and arguing with other people. +* **jealousy** - This refers to negative feelings against another person's success or advantage over others. * **put on the Lord Jesus Christ** - This means to accept the moral nature of Christ as if he were our outer clothing that people can see. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]])​ * **put on** - If your language has a plural form for commands, use it here. -* **make no provision for the flesh** - “don’t allow your old evil heart any opportunity at all for doing wicked things” +* **make no provision for the flesh** - AT: "don’t allow your old evil heart any opportunity at all for doing wicked things” (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **flesh** - Here this means the sinful nature of human beings. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/14/01.md b/rom/14/01.md index 79cc60172..815909d08 100644 --- a/rom/14/01.md +++ b/rom/14/01.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * Paul continues instructing the believers on right living. * **weak in faith** - This refers to those who felt guilty over eating and drinking certain things. -* **yet not giving judgment about such questions** - "but not so that you can argue with them about it" -* **On the one hand, one person has faith to eat anything, but on the other hand** - The phrases “on the one hand” and “on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. Alternate translation: "One person has faith to eat anything, but" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **yet not giving judgment about such questions** - AT: "but not so that you can argue with them about it" +* **On the one hand, one person has faith to eat anything, but on the other hand** - The phrases “on the one hand” and “on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. AT: "One person has faith to eat anything, but" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/rom/14/03.md b/rom/14/03.md index 06965b184..1c46ad21f 100644 --- a/rom/14/03.md +++ b/rom/14/03.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues instructing the believers on right living. -* **Who are you, you who judge a servant belonging to another?** - Paul is using a question to scold those who are judging others. Alternate translation: "You are not God, and you are not allowed to judge one of his servants." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Who are you, you who judge a servant belonging to another?** - Paul is using a question to scold those who are judging others. AT: "You are not God, and you are not allowed to judge one of his servants" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **you, you** - singular (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Before his own master he stands or falls** - Alternate translation: "Only the master can decide if he will accept the servant or not" -* **But he will be made to stand; for the Lord is able to make him stand** - This can be translated with an active verb: "But the Lord will accept him because he is able to make the servant acceptable" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **Before his own master he stands or falls** - AT: "Only the master can decide if he will accept the servant or not" +* **But he will be made to stand; for the Lord is able to make him stand** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "But the Lord will accept him because he is able to make the servant acceptable" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/14/05.md b/rom/14/05.md index 8535007db..4b1d24688 100644 --- a/rom/14/05.md +++ b/rom/14/05.md @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* On the one hand, one person values one day above another, but on the other hand, another values every day -* The phrases “on the one hand” and “on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. Alternate translation: "One person thinks one day is more important than all the others, but another person thinks that all days are the same." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Let each person be convinced in his own mind** - The full meaning can be made explicit: "Let each person be sure what they are doing is to honor the Lord." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **He who observes the day, observes it for the Lord** - "The person who worships on a certain day does it to honor the Lord" -* **and he who eats, eats for the Lord** - "The person who eats every kind of food does it to honor the Lord" -* **He who does not eat, refrains from eating for the Lord** - "The person who does not eat certain kinds of food does it to honor the Lord" +* **On the one hand, one person values one day above another, but on the other hand, another values every day +* The phrases “on the one hand” and “on the other hand” introduce two different ways of thinking about something. AT: "One person thinks one day is more important than all the others, but another person thinks that all days are the same" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Let each person be convinced in his own mind** - The full meaning can be made explicit. AT: "Let each person be sure what they are doing is to honor the Lord" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **He who observes the day, observes it for the Lord** - AT: "The person who worships on a certain day does it to honor the Lord" +* **and he who eats, eats for the Lord** - AT: "The person who eats every kind of food does it to honor the Lord" +* **He who does not eat, refrains from eating for the Lord** - AT: "The person who does not eat certain kinds of food does it to honor the Lord" diff --git a/rom/14/07.md b/rom/14/07.md index 2a99accd5..8a7d6ec74 100644 --- a/rom/14/07.md +++ b/rom/14/07.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **us...we** - Paul is including his readers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **the dead and the living** - Alternate translation: "those who are dead and those who are living." +* **the dead and the living** - AT: "those who are dead and those who are living" diff --git a/rom/14/10.md b/rom/14/10.md index c2509176f..24543629f 100644 --- a/rom/14/10.md +++ b/rom/14/10.md @@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul continues instructing the believers on right living. -* **But you, why do you judge...? And you, why do you despise...?** - Paul is demonstrating how he might have to scold individuals among his readers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) Alternate translations: "it is wrong for you to judge...it is wrong for you to despise" (see UDB) or "stop judging...stop despising." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God** - The "judgment seat" refers to God's authority to judge. Alternate translation: "For God will judge us all." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **As I live** - This phrase is used to start an oath or solemn promise. Alternate translation: "You can be certain that this is true." -* **to me every knee will bend, and every tongue will give praise to God** - Paul uses the words "knee" and "tongue" to refer to the whole person. Also, the Lord uses the word "God" to refer to himself. Alternate translation: "Every person will bow and give praise to me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) +* **But you, why do you judge...? And you, why do you despise...?** - Paul is demonstrating how he might have to scold individuals among his readers. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) AT: "it is wrong for you to judge...it is wrong for you to despise" (see UDB) or "stop judging...stop despising" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **brother** - Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. +* **For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God** - The "judgment seat" refers to God's authority to judge. AT: "For God will judge us all" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **As I live** - This phrase is used to start an oath or solemn promise. AT: "You can be certain that this is true" +* **to me every knee will bend, and every tongue will give praise to God** - Paul uses the words "knee" and "tongue" to refer to the whole person. Also, the Lord uses the word "God" to refer to himself. AT: "Every person will bow and give praise to me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_123person]]) diff --git a/rom/14/12.md b/rom/14/12.md index 5b1bd30dc..03921a380 100644 --- a/rom/14/12.md +++ b/rom/14/12.md @@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **will give an account of himself to God** - "will have to explain our actions to God" -* **but instead decide this, that no one will place a stumbling block or a snare** - Here "stumbling block" and "snare" mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: "but instead make it your goal to not do or say anything that may result in a fellow believer starting to sin." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **will give an account of himself to God** - AT: "will have to explain our actions to God" +* **but instead decide this, that no one will place a stumbling block or a snare for his brother** - Here "stumbling block" and "snare" mean basically the same thing. AT: "but instead make it your goal not to do or say anything that might cause a fellow believer to sin" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **brother** - Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. diff --git a/rom/14/14.md b/rom/14/14.md index 25221ac87..ac04dc749 100644 --- a/rom/14/14.md +++ b/rom/14/14.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I know and am persuaded in the Lord Jesus** - "I am certain because of my relationship with the Lord Jesus" -* **except that for him who considers anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "But if a person thinks something is unclean, then for that person it is unclean and he should stay away from it." -* **If because of food your brother is hurt** - "If you hurt your fellow believer's faith over the matter of food." Here the word "your" refers to the strong in faith and "brother" refers to the weak in faith. -* **you no longer walk in love** - "then you are no longer showing love" +* **I know and am persuaded in the Lord Jesus** - Here the words "know" and "am persuaded" mean basically the same thing; Paul uses them to emphasize his certainty. AT: "I am certain because of my relationship with the Lord Jesus" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **except that for him who considers anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "But if a person thinks something is unclean, then for that person it is unclean and he should stay away from it" +* **If because of food your brother is hurt** - AT: "If you hurt your fellow believer's faith over the matter of food" Here the word "your" refers to the strong in faith and "brother" refers to the weak in faith. +* **you no longer walk in love** - AT: "then you are no longer showing love" diff --git a/rom/14/16.md b/rom/14/16.md index 1c087d766..72c01d84e 100644 --- a/rom/14/16.md +++ b/rom/14/16.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **do not let your good actions cause people to mock them** - Alternate translation: "Do not do things, even if you consider them to be good, if there people will say that they are evil." +* **do not let your good actions cause people to mock them** - AT: "Do not do things, even if you consider them to be good, if there people will say that they are evil" * **your good actions** - This refers to the actions of people with strong faith. * **people** - From the context, this most likely refers to other believers (see UDB). -* **For the kingdom of God is not about food and drink, but about righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit.** - "For God did not set up his kingdom so that he could rule over what we eat and drink. He set up his kingdom so we could have a right relationship with him and the Holy Spirit could give us peace and joy." +* **For the kingdom of God is not about food and drink, but about righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit** - AT: "For God did not set up his kingdom so that he could rule over what we eat and drink. He set up his kingdom so we could have a right relationship with him and the Holy Spirit could give us peace and joy" diff --git a/rom/14/18.md b/rom/14/18.md index 61308cd4f..926f809e6 100644 --- a/rom/14/18.md +++ b/rom/14/18.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **serves Christ in this** - "serves Christ in this way." -* **approved by people** - This can be translated with an active verb: "people will approve of him" or "people will respect him." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **let us pursue the things of peace, and the things of building up one another** - "let us seek to live in peace and to help one another grow stronger in faith" +* **serves Christ in this** - AT: "serves Christ in this way" +* **approved by people** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "people will approve of him" or "people will respect him" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **let us pursue the things of peace, and the things of building up one another** - AT: "let us seek to live in peace and to help one another grow stronger in faith" diff --git a/rom/14/20.md b/rom/14/20.md index 6c71733f6..6ce0347ab 100644 --- a/rom/14/20.md +++ b/rom/14/20.md @@ -8,4 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It is good not to eat meat, nor to drink wine, nor anything by which your brother takes offense.** - "It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or do anything that may cause your fellow brother to sin." Here the word "your" refers to the strong in faith and "brother" refers to the weak in faith. +* **It is good not to eat meat, nor to drink wine, nor anything by which your brother takes offense** - AT: "It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or do anything that may cause your fellow brother to sin" +* **your** - This refers to the strong in faith and "brother" refers to the weak in faith. diff --git a/rom/14/22.md b/rom/14/22.md index ac28cb602..f1cc7322d 100644 --- a/rom/14/22.md +++ b/rom/14/22.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * **These particular beliefs that you have** - This refers back to the beliefs about food and drink from the previous verse. * **you...you...yourself** - singular. Because Paul is addressing the believers, you may have to translate this using plural. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself in respect to what he approves of** - "Blessed are those who do not feel guilty for what they decide to do" -* **He who doubts is condemned if he eats** - This can be translated with an active verb: "God will say that the person does wrong if he is not sure if it is right to eat a certain food, but he eats it anyway" (see UDB) or "The person who is not sure if it is right to eat a certain food, but then eats it anyway will have a troubled conscience." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **because it is not from faith** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "God will say that he is wrong because he is eating something he believes God does not want him to eat." -* **and whatever is not from faith is sin** - "You are sinning if you do something that you do not believe God wants you to do." +* **Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself in respect to what he approves of** - AT: "Blessed are those who do not feel guilty for what they decide to do" +* **He who doubts is condemned if he eats** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "God will say that the person does wrong if he is not sure if it is right to eat a certain food, but he eats it anyway" (see UDB) or "The person who is not sure if it is right to eat a certain food, but then eats it anyway will have a troubled conscience" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **because it is not from faith** - This can be translated as a new sentence. AT: "God will say that he is wrong because he is eating something he believes God does not want him to eat" +* **and whatever is not from faith is sin** - AT: "You are sinning if you do something that you do not believe God wants you to do" diff --git a/rom/15/01.md b/rom/15/01.md index 7c47cbd48..a14b844ee 100644 --- a/rom/15/01.md +++ b/rom/15/01.md @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now** - Translate this using the words your language uses to introduce a new idea into an argument. -* **we who are strong** - "we who are strong in faith" The pronoun "we" refers to Paul, his readers, and other believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **the weak** - "those who are weak in faith" -* **to build him up** - "to strengthen his faith" +* **we who are strong** - AT: "we who are strong in faith" +* **we** - This refers to Paul, his readers, and other believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **the weak** - AT: "those who are weak in faith" +* **to build him up** - AT: "to strengthen his faith" diff --git a/rom/15/03.md b/rom/15/03.md index a887da8c1..600e95a21 100644 --- a/rom/15/03.md +++ b/rom/15/03.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **The insults of those who insulted you fell on me** - The insults of those who insulted God fell on Christ. -* **For whatever was previously written was written for our instruction** - "For everything written in the scriptures in the past was written to inform us." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **The insults of those who insulted you fell on me** - AT: "The insults of those who insulted God fell on Christ" +* **For whatever was previously written was written for our instruction** - AT: "For everything written in the scriptures in the past was written to inform us" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **our...we** - Paul includes his readers and other believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) diff --git a/rom/15/05.md b/rom/15/05.md index c70316afb..f2fef5463 100644 --- a/rom/15/05.md +++ b/rom/15/05.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **may...God...grant** - Alternate translation: "I pray that...God...will grant" -* **to be of the same mind with each other** - "to be in agreement with each other" or "to be united" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **praise with one mouth** - Alternate translation: "praise together as if only one mouth was speaking" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **may...God...grant** - AT: "I pray that...God...will grant" +* **to be of the same mind with each other** - AT: "to be in agreement with each other" or "to be united" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **praise with one mouth** - AT: "praise together as if only one mouth was speaking" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/15/08.md b/rom/15/08.md index b79373f75..f2b44c16d 100644 --- a/rom/15/08.md +++ b/rom/15/08.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For I say** - "I"refers to Paul. -* **Christ has been made a servant of the circumcision** - "Jesus Christ came to help the Jews" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **that he might confirm the promises given to the fathers** - "that God might confirm the promises he gave the ancestors of the Jews" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **as it is written** - "as it is written in the Scriptures" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **and for the Gentiles** - "and Christ has been made the servant of the Gentiles" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **For I say** - "I" refers to Paul. +* **Christ has been made a servant of the circumcision** - AT: "Jesus Christ came to help the Jews" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **that he might confirm the promises given to the fathers** - AT: "that God might confirm the promises he gave the ancestors of the Jews" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **as it is written** - AT: "as it is written in the Scriptures" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **and for the Gentiles** - AT: "and Christ has been made the servant of the Gentiles" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/rom/15/10.md b/rom/15/10.md index 25ec3f93d..808b211cc 100644 --- a/rom/15/10.md +++ b/rom/15/10.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Again he says** - "Again Moses says" -* **with his people** - "with the people of God" -* **praise him** - "praise the Lord" +* **Again it says** - AT: "Again scripture says" or "Again Moses says" +* **with his people** - AT: "with the people of God" +* **praise him** - AT: "praise the Lord" diff --git a/rom/15/12.md b/rom/15/12.md index 4a8e96bcf..0a091ddd7 100644 --- a/rom/15/12.md +++ b/rom/15/12.md @@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **root of Jesse** - Alternate translation: "descendant of Jesse." Jesse was the physical father of King David. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **root of Jesse** - Jesse was the physical father of King David. AT: "descendant of Jesse" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/rom/15/13.md b/rom/15/13.md index 21e7da465..1441bcbc8 100644 --- a/rom/15/13.md +++ b/rom/15/13.md @@ -10,5 +10,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **fill you with all joy and peace** - "fill you with great joy and peace". (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **you may abound in confidence** - "you may overflow with hope" +* **the God of confidence** - AT: "God, in whom you have confidence" +* **fill you with all joy and peace** - AT: "fill you with great joy and peace" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **you may abound in confidence** - AT: "you may be completely confident" diff --git a/rom/15/14.md b/rom/15/14.md index bf8a6d353..dc39d3fe6 100644 --- a/rom/15/14.md +++ b/rom/15/14.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **filled with all knowledge** - "filled with sufficient knowledge to follow God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **able also to exhort one another** - "able also to teach each other" +* **filled with all knowledge** - AT: "filled with sufficient knowledge to follow God" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **able also to exhort one another** - AT: "able also to teach each other" diff --git a/rom/15/15.md b/rom/15/15.md index 542a9d589..d4ee8a29b 100644 --- a/rom/15/15.md +++ b/rom/15/15.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the gift that was given me by God** - "the gift God gave me" This gift is his appointment as an apostle despite his persecution of believers prior to his conversion. -* **the offering of the Gentiles might become acceptable** - "God might be pleased with the Gentiles when they obey him" (see UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **the gift that was given me by God** - This gift is his appointment as an apostle despite his persecution of believers prior to his conversion. AT: "the gift God gave me" +* **the offering of the Gentiles might become acceptable** - AT: "God might be pleased with the Gentiles when they obey him" (see UDB) (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rom/15/17.md b/rom/15/17.md index 0c2011c52..75a24dfdc 100644 --- a/rom/15/17.md +++ b/rom/15/17.md @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I have then my boast in Christ Jesus in the things pertaining to God** - "Therefore I have reason to be proud in Christ Jesus of the work God has given me to do" -* **For I will not dare to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me for the obedience of the Gentiles, by word and action, by the power of signs and wonders, by the power of the Holy Spirit** - "For the sake of the obedience of the Gentiles, I will only speak of what Christ has accomplished through me in my words and actions and by the power of signs and wonders through the power of the Holy Spirit." -* **so that from Jerusalem, and round about as far as Illyricum** - from the city of Jerusalem as far as the province of Illyricum, a region close to Italy. +* **I have then my boast in Christ Jesus in the things pertaining to God** - AT: "Therefore I have reason to be proud in Christ Jesus of the work God has given me to do" +* **For I will not dare to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me for the obedience of the Gentiles, by word and action, by the power of signs and wonders, by the power of the Holy Spirit** - AT: "For the sake of the obedience of the Gentiles, I will only speak of what Christ has accomplished through me in my words and actions and by the power of signs and wonders through the power of the Holy Spirit" +* **signs and wonders** - These two words mean basically the same thing. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **so that from Jerusalem, and round about as far as Illyricum** - This is from the city of Jerusalem as far as the province of Illyricum, a region close to Italy. diff --git a/rom/15/20.md b/rom/15/20.md index d9836057d..505e6e531 100644 --- a/rom/15/20.md +++ b/rom/15/20.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **In this way, my desire has been to proclaim the gospel, but not where Christ is known by name** - Alternate translation: "Because of this, I want to preach the good news in places that have never heard of Christ." -* **Those to whom no tidings of him came** - "Those whom no one had told about him" +* **In this way, my desire has been to proclaim the gospel, but not where Christ is known by name** - AT: "Because of this, I want to preach the good news in places that have never heard of Christ" +* **Those to whom no tidings of him came** - AT: "Those whom no one had told about him" diff --git a/rom/15/22.md b/rom/15/22.md index bcc40fbad..a98d2df67 100644 --- a/rom/15/22.md +++ b/rom/15/22.md @@ -3,4 +3,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I was hindered** - It is not important to identify who hindered Paul. Alternate translation: "they hindered me" or "people hindered me." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **I was hindered** - It is not important to identify who hindered Paul. AT: "they hindered me" or "people hindered me" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) diff --git a/rom/15/24.md b/rom/15/24.md index 496bf4cb0..456160249 100644 --- a/rom/15/24.md +++ b/rom/15/24.md @@ -5,6 +5,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **in passing** - "as I pass through Rome" or "while I am on my way" -* **enjoy your company** - "enjoy spending some time with you" or "enjoy visiting you" -* **Spain** - See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]] +* **in passing** - AT: "as I pass through Rome" or "while I am on my way" +* **enjoy your company** - AT: "enjoy spending some time with you" or "enjoy visiting you" +* **Spain** - This is a roman province west of Rome that Paul desired to visit. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) diff --git a/rom/15/26.md b/rom/15/26.md index bfd1a41ea..436ccea56 100644 --- a/rom/15/26.md +++ b/rom/15/26.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Yes, it was their good pleasure** - Alternate translation: "The believers in Macedonia and Achaia were pleased to do it" or "...enjoyed doing it." -* **indeed, they are their debtors** - "indeed the people of Macedonia and Achaia are in debt to the believers in Jerusalem" -* **if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they owe it to them also to serve them** - "since the Gentiles have shared in the spiritual things of the Jerusalem believers, the Gentiles owe service to the Jerusalem believers" +* **Yes, it was their good pleasure** - AT: "The believers in Macedonia and Achaia were pleased to do it" or "...enjoyed doing it" +* **indeed, they are their debtors** - AT: "indeed the people of Macedonia and Achaia are in debt to the believers in Jerusalem" +* **if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they owe it to them also to serve them** - AT: "since the Gentiles have shared in the spiritual things of the Jerusalem believers, the Gentiles owe service to the Jerusalem believers" diff --git a/rom/15/28.md b/rom/15/28.md index d79212ce7..8efe69e56 100644 --- a/rom/15/28.md +++ b/rom/15/28.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **certified** - "safely delivered" -* **fruit** - money (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ.** - Alternate translation: "I will come with Christ's full blessing." +* **certified** - AT: "safely delivered" +* **fruit** - This refers to money. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]] and [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ.** - AT: "I will come with Christ's full blessing" diff --git a/rom/15/30.md b/rom/15/30.md index 57cc34e19..ecccf46e3 100644 --- a/rom/15/30.md +++ b/rom/15/30.md @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now** - If your language has a way to show that Paul has stopped talking about the good things he is confident of ([[:en:bible:notes:rom:15:28]]) and is now starting to talk about the dangers he faces, use it here. -* **I urge you** - "I encourage you" -* **strive** - "work hard" or "struggle" -* **rescued** - "saved" or "protected" +* **I urge you** - AT: "I encourage you" +* **brothers** - Here this means fellow Christians, including both men and women. +* **strive** - AT: "work hard" or "struggle" +* **rescued** - AT: "saved" or "protected" diff --git a/rom/16/01.md b/rom/16/01.md index 5488e06b7..21b24a751 100644 --- a/rom/16/01.md +++ b/rom/16/01.md @@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul is greeting many of the believers in Rome by name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) -* **I commend to you Phoebe** - "I want you to respect Phoebe." -* **Phoebe** - a woman's name -* **our sister** - "our sister in Christ." Here "our" refers to Paul and includes all believers. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) -* **Cenchrea** - a seaport city in Greece -* **receive her in the Lord** - "welcome her because we all belong to the Lord" -* **in a manner worthy of the saints** - "in the way that believers should welcome other believers" -* **and that you stand by her** - This could be translated as a new sentence: "I also want you to help her." -* **has become a helper of many, and of myself as well** - "has helped many people, and she has also helped me" +* **I commend to you Phoebe** - AT: "I want you to respect Phoebe" +* **Phoebe** - This is a woman's name. +* **our sister** - This refers to Paul and all believers. AT: "our sister in Christ" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_inclusive]]) +* **Cenchrea** - This was a seaport city in Greece. +* **receive her in the Lord** - AT: "welcome her because we all belong to the Lord" +* **in a manner worthy of the saints** - AT: "in the way that believers should welcome other believers" +* **and that you stand by her** - This could be translated as a new sentence. AT: "I also want you to help her." +* **has become a helper of many, and of myself as well** - AT: "has helped many people, and she has also helped me" diff --git a/rom/16/03.md b/rom/16/03.md index a49093889..d58a37a2d 100644 --- a/rom/16/03.md +++ b/rom/16/03.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ * Paul is greeting many of the believers in Rome by name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) * **Prisca and Aquila** - Prisca, also known as Priscilla, was the wife of Aquila. -* **my fellow-workers in Christ Jesus** - "who work with me to tell people about Christ Jesus" -* **Greet the church that is in their house** - "Greet the believers who meet in their house to worship" +* **my fellow-workers in Christ Jesus** - workers in Christ Jesus** - AT: "who work with me to tell people about Christ Jesus" +* **Greet the church that is in their house** - AT: "Greet the believers who meet in their house to worship" * **Epaenetus** - This is the name of a man. * **first fruit of Asia** - This phrase means that Epaenetus was the first person in Asia to believe in Jesus. diff --git a/rom/16/06.md b/rom/16/06.md index 6c18a1e9b..951e9b383 100644 --- a/rom/16/06.md +++ b/rom/16/06.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul is greeting many of the believers in Rome by name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) -* **Mary** - a woman's name -* **Junias** - This could be either 1) Junia, a woman's name (see UDB) or 2) Junias, a man's name. -* **Andronicus...Ampliatus** - men's names -* **my beloved in the Lord** - "my dear friend and fellow believer" +* **Mary** - This is a woman's name. +* **Junias** - This could be either 1) Junia, a woman's name (see UDB) or much less likely, 2) Junias, a man's name. +* **Andronicus...Ampliatus** - These are men's names. +* **my beloved in the Lord** - AT: "my dear friend and fellow believer" diff --git a/rom/16/09.md b/rom/16/09.md index 6f1adefc0..3ec448e81 100644 --- a/rom/16/09.md +++ b/rom/16/09.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **Urbanus...Stachys...Apelles...Aristobulus...Herodian...Narcissus** - These are the names of men. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **the approved in Christ** - "whom Christ has approved." The word "approved" refers to someone who has been tested and proved to be genuine. +* **the approved in Christ** - The word "approved" refers to someone who has been tested and proved to be genuine. AT: "whom Christ has approved" diff --git a/rom/16/12.md b/rom/16/12.md index ecfcb0fa1..91b8e1cf5 100644 --- a/rom/16/12.md +++ b/rom/16/12.md @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul is greeting many of the believers in Rome by name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) -* **Tryphaena...Tryphosa...Persis** - women's names -* **Rufus...Asyncritus...Phlegon...Hermes...Patrobas...Hermas** - men's names -* **chosen in the Lord** - This can be translated with an active verb: "whom the Lord has chosen" because of special qualities (see UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **his mother and mine** - "his mother, whom I also think of as my mother" +* **Tryphaena...Tryphosa...Persis** - These are women's names. +* **Rufus...Asyncritus...Phlegon...Hermes...Patrobas...Hermas** - These are men's names. +* **chosen in the Lord** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "whom the Lord has chosen" because of special qualities (see UDB). (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **his mother and mine** - AT: "his mother, whom I also think of as my mother" diff --git a/rom/16/15.md b/rom/16/15.md index 14ea47b43..d8db73b47 100644 --- a/rom/16/15.md +++ b/rom/16/15.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes * Paul is greeting many of the believers in Rome by name. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]] and [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_unknown]]) -* **Philologus...Nereus...Olympas** - men's names +* **Philologus...Nereus...Olympas** - These are men's names. * **Julia** - The name of a woman who may have been married to Philologus. diff --git a/rom/16/17.md b/rom/16/17.md index 926391a2e..15ff655c9 100644 --- a/rom/16/17.md +++ b/rom/16/17.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **to think about** - "to watch out for" -* **who are causing the divisions and stumbling** - "who are causing believers to argue with one another and to stop having faith in God" -* **going beyond the teaching that you have learned** - This can be translated as a new sentence: "They teach things that do not agree with the truth you have already learned." -* **Turn away from them** - "Stay away from them" -* **but their own belly** - Here "belly" refers to physical desires. Alternate translation: "but they only want to please their own selfish desires" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) -* **By their smooth and flattering speech** - The words "smooth" and "flattering" mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing how these people are deceiving believers. Alternate translation: "By saying things that seem to be good and true." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) -* **innocent** - simple, inexperienced, and naive. Alternate translation: "those who innocently trust them" or "those who do not know these teachers are fooling them." +* **to think about** - AT: "to watch out for" +* **who are causing the divisions and stumbling** - AT: "who are causing believers to argue with one another and to stop having faith in God" +* **going beyond the teaching that you have learned** - This can be translated as a new sentence. AT: "They teach things that do not agree with the truth you have already learned" +* **Turn away from them** - AT: "Stay away from them" +* **but their own belly** - Here "belly" refers to physical desires. AT: "but they only want to please their own selfish desires" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) +* **By their smooth and flattering speech** - The words "smooth" and "flattering" mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing how these people are deceiving believers. AT: "By saying things that seem to be good and true" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) +* **innocent** - simple, inexperienced, and naive. AT: "those who innocently trust them" or "those who do not know these teachers are fooling them" diff --git a/rom/16/19.md b/rom/16/19.md index 311a4d072..315d0ba10 100644 --- a/rom/16/19.md +++ b/rom/16/19.md @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **For your example of obedience reaches everyone** - "For when you obey Jesus everyone hears about it." -* **The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet** - The phrase "crush under your feet" refers to complete victory over an enemy. Alternate translation: "Soon God will give you peace and complete victory over Satan. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **innocent to that which is evil** - “not mixed up in evil” +* **For your example of obedience reaches everyone** - AT: "For when you obey Jesus everyone hears about it" +* **The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet** - The phrase "crush under your feet" refers to complete victory over an enemy. AT: "Soon God will give you peace and complete victory over Satan" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **innocent to that which is evil** - AT: "not mixed up in evil" diff --git a/rom/16/21.md b/rom/16/21.md index 5eede869e..65918e25f 100644 --- a/rom/16/21.md +++ b/rom/16/21.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Lucius, Jason, Sosipater...Tertius** - men's names (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **Tertius, who write this epistle down** - Tertius wrote down what Paul spoke. -* **greet you in the Lord** - "greet you as a fellow believer in the Lord" +* **Lucius, Jason, Sosipater...Tertius** - These are men's names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **Tertius, who write this epistle down** - Tertius is the man who wrote down what Paul spoke. +* **greet you in the Lord** - AT: "greet you as a fellow believer in the Lord" diff --git a/rom/16/23.md b/rom/16/23.md index b2c66cd8f..1aa2d5669 100644 --- a/rom/16/23.md +++ b/rom/16/23.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Gaius...Erastus...Quartus** - men's names (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **the host** - This means the believers met in his house for worship. -* **the treasurer** - a person who takes care of money for a group +* **Gaius...Erastus...Quartus** - These are men's names. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **the host** - This means that the believers met in his house for worship. +* **the treasurer** - This is a person who takes care of money for a group. * **16:24** - This verse was omitted because some of the older, more reliable, ancient texts did not include the verse. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_textvariants]]) diff --git a/rom/16/25.md b/rom/16/25.md index 21a5a250e..0a1bf7f25 100644 --- a/rom/16/25.md +++ b/rom/16/25.md @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Now** - Here the word "now" marks the closing section of the letter. -* **to make you stand** - Alternate translation: "to make your faith strong" -* **according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ** - "by the good news that I have preached about Jesus Christ" -* **according to the revelation of the mystery that has been kept secret from long ago** - This can be translated with an active verb: "because God has revealed to us believers the secret that he was keeping for a long time." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) -* **but that now has been revealed and made known by the prophetic scriptures according to the command of the eternal God** - This can be translated with an active verb: "but now the eternal God has made it known through the scriptures." -* **for the obedience of faith among all the non-Jews** - "so that all nations will obey God because of their faith in him." +* **to make you stand** - AT: "to make your faith strong" +* **according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ** - AT: "by the good news that I have preached about Jesus Christ" +* **according to the revelation of the mystery that has been kept secret from long ago** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "because God has revealed to us believers the secret that he was keeping for a long time" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_activepassive]]) +* **but that now has been revealed and made known by the prophetic scriptures according to the command of the eternal God** - This can be translated with an active verb. AT: "but now the eternal God has made it known through the scriptures" +* **for the obedience of faith among all the non-Jews** - Jews** - AT: "so that all nations will obey God because of their faith in him" diff --git a/rut/01/03.md b/rut/01/03.md index 8e396a6b8..4271915f0 100644 --- a/rut/01/03.md +++ b/rut/01/03.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ * **she was left with her two sons** - "Naomi had only her two sons with her" (UDB) * **took wives** - "married" * **of the women of Moab** - Naomi's sons married women who were from the tribe of Moab. The Moabites worshiped other gods. -* **the name of the one** - "the name of one of the women" +* **the name of one** - "the name of one of the women" * **the name of the other** - "the name of the other woman" * **ten years** - Ten years after Elimelek and Naomi came to the country of Moab, their sons Mahalon and Chilon died. * **leaving Naomi** - Naomi was widowed. diff --git a/rut/01/06.md b/rut/01/06.md index 5c8746bc9..94349bfea 100644 --- a/rut/01/06.md +++ b/rut/01/06.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes * **She had heard in the region of Moab** - "While Naomi was living in Moab she heard." -* **had helped his people in need** - This is an idiom that said “visited his people” in the original text. It means that God paid attention to his people, and he saw their need and provided for them. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **went out from the place where she was** - This can also be translated as "left the place in Moab where she had been living." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **daughters-in-law** - the women who married Naomi's sons. +* **had helped his people in need** - This is an idiom that said “visited his people” in the original text. It means that God paid attention to his people, and he saw their need and provided for them. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **she left the place where she had been ** - AT: "left the place in Moab where she had been living." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **daughters-in-law** - in-law** - the women who married Naomi's sons. * **they walked down the road** - "they walked along the road" diff --git a/rut/01/08.md b/rut/01/08.md index cbe10e040..3a51ada60 100644 --- a/rut/01/08.md +++ b/rut/01/08.md @@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **daughters-in-law** - "son's wives" or "sons' widows" +* **daughters-in-law** - in-law** - "son's wives" or "sons' widows" * **each of you** - Naomi was talking to two people, so languages that have a dual form of "you" would use that throughout her talk. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_you]]) -* **your mother's house** - This could be translated as "to the home of each of your mothers." -* **shown loyalty** - This could be translated as "demonstrated that you are loyal." +* **your mother's house** - AT: "to the home of each of your mothers." +* **shown loyalty** - AT: "demonstrated that you are loyal." * **loyalty** - The Hebrew word here includes the ideas of love, kindness, and faithfulness. * **toward the dead** - "to your husbands who died" * **grant you** - "give you" or "allow you to have" diff --git a/rut/01/11.md b/rut/01/11.md index 64c191ea6..44f0cbd53 100644 --- a/rut/01/11.md +++ b/rut/01/11.md @@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Why will you go with me? ** - This is a rhetorical question. Some languages will make this a statement: "It does not make sense for you to go with me" or "You should not go with me". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **Do I still have sons in my womb for you, so that they may become your husbands?** - This rhetorical questions means: "Obviously it is not possible for me to have any more sons who could become your husbands." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **too old to have a husband** - The implied meaning is "too old to marry again and bear more children". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **Why will you go with me? ** - This is a rhetorical question. AT: "It does not make sense for you to go with me" or "You should not go with me". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Do I still have sons in my womb for you, so that they may become your husbands?** - AT: "Obviously it is not possible for me to have any more sons who could become your husbands." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **too old to have a husband** - AT: "too old to marry again and bear more children". (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **to conceive** - "become pregnant with." Translate this in a way that is acceptable and does not embarrass people. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **"would you therefore wait till they were grown? Would you wait and not marry men now?** - These are rhetorical questions that do not expect an answer. The meaning is: "No, of course not!" This can also be translated as "you would of course not wait until they were grown up to marry them, nor would you wait to get married again." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **It greatly grieves me** - The implied meaning is: "that you have no husbands." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **"would you therefore wait till they were grown? Would you wait and not marry men now?** - These are rhetorical questions that do not expect an answer. AT: "No, of course not!" This can also be translated as "you would of course not wait until they were grown up to marry them, nor would you wait to get married again." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **It greatly grieves me** - AT: "that you have no husbands." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **the hand of Yahweh has turned against me** - "Yahweh has caused terrible things to happen to me." The word "hand" is used in a figurative way to refer to Yahweh's power or influence. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rut/01/14.md b/rut/01/14.md index 104674138..d0f26647e 100644 --- a/rut/01/14.md +++ b/rut/01/14.md @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **lifted up their voices and cried ** - lifted up their voices and cried - This means that they cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **lifted up their voices and cried ** - This means that they cried out loud or wept bitterly. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **Listen** - "Listen" here means "please take notice." -* **Ruth held on to her** - "clung to her." It is implied that she "refused to leave her" or "would not leave her." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **your sister-in-law** - "the wife of your husband's brother" or "Orpah" -* **her gods** - Before Orpah & Ruth married Naomi's sons, they worshipped the gods of Moab. During their marriage, they switched to worshipping Naomi's God. +* **Ruth held on to her** - "clung to her." AT: "refused to leave her" or "would not leave her." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **your sister-in-law** - in-law** - "the wife of your husband's brother" or "Orpah" +* **her gods** - Before Orpah & Ruth married Naomi's sons, they worshiped the gods of Moab. During their marriage, they began to worship Naomi's God. diff --git a/rut/01/16.md b/rut/01/16.md index 5675b1cab..6dc5fc3cf 100644 --- a/rut/01/16.md +++ b/rut/01/16.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * **Where you stay ** - "Where you live" * **your people will be my people** - "I will consider the people of your country as being my own people" or "I will consider your relatives as my own relatives." -* **May Yahweh punish me, and even more, if** - This was a common Jewish expression that means "I ask God to punish me if I do not do what I say." This could also be translated as "God forbid!" Many languages have idioms with similar meanings that could be used here. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **May Yahweh punish me, and even more, if** - This was a common Jewish expression that means "I ask God to punish me if I do not do what I say." Many languages have idioms with similar meanings that could be used here. AT: "God forbid!" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/rut/01/19.md b/rut/01/19.md index 1030d79c7..67ac2b469 100644 --- a/rut/01/19.md +++ b/rut/01/19.md @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ * **all the town** - "everyone in the town" (UDB) * **Naomi** - This woman's name means "my delight." -* **Bitter** - This is a translation of the meaning of the name. It is also often translated according to its sound as "Mara." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) -* **I went out full, and Yahweh has brought me home again empty** - When Naomi left Bethlehem, her husband and two sons were living, and she was happy. Naomi blames Yahweh for the death of her husband and sons, saying that he has caused her to return to Bethlehem without them, and now she is bitter and unhappy. +* **Bitter** - This is a translation of the meaning of the name. It is also often translated according to its sound as "Mara." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **I went out full, but Yahweh has brought me home again empty** - When Naomi left Bethlehem, her husband and two sons were living, and she was happy. Naomi blames Yahweh for the death of her husband and sons, saying that he has caused her to return to Bethlehem without them, and now she is bitter and unhappy. * **condemned me** - “afflicted me” * **has afflicted me** - “has brought calamity” or “has brought tragedy” diff --git a/rut/02/01.md b/rut/02/01.md index 1e5ebcc88..2faaa0fdc 100644 --- a/rut/02/01.md +++ b/rut/02/01.md @@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ ## translationNotes * **And Naomi's husband** - This phrase introduces new information before the story continues. Your language may have a way to introduce new information. -* **a mighty man of wealth** - "a prominent, wealthy man." This means that Boaz was prosperous and well-known in his community, with a good reputation. +* **a wealthy, influential ** - "a prominent, wealthy man." This means that Boaz was prosperous and well-known in his community, with a good reputation. * **And Ruth the Moabitess** - Here the story resumes. you need to see how your language restarts a story after a break. * **the Moabitess** - This is another way of saying the woman was from the country or tribe of Moab. -* **glean among the ears of grain ** - glean among the ears of grain - This could be translated as "gather or pick up kernels of grain left behind by the harvesters." -* **ears ** - ears - "heads" or "stalks." The "ears" are the parts of a grain plant that contain the grain. -* **Whose eyes I will find favor** - This is a metaphor that means "Where the owner will grant me permission to glean." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **glean among the ears of grain ** - AT: "gather or pick up kernels of grain left behind by the harvesters." +* **ears ** - "heads" or "stalks." The "ears" are the parts of a grain plant that contain the grain. +* **Whose eyes I will find favor** - AT: "Where the owner will grant me permission to glean." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **daughter** - Ruth was caring for Naomi as if she was her own mother. Make sure it is possible in your language to use this word for someone who is not an actual daughter. diff --git a/rut/02/03.md b/rut/02/03.md index aa343c3fd..b2efe7ac9 100644 --- a/rut/02/03.md +++ b/rut/02/03.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And behold, Boaz** - The word "behold" alerts us to the important event of Boaz arriving at the field. Your language may also have a specific way of introducing important events or characters. -* **bless you** - This can also be translated "grant good things to you" or "make you happy." +* **Behold, Boaz** - The word "behold" alerts us to the important event of Boaz arriving at the field. Your language may also have a specific way of introducing important events or characters. +* **bless you** - AT: "grant good things to you" or "make you happy." diff --git a/rut/02/05.md b/rut/02/05.md index d53d8bd6f..7b3a5c8e6 100644 --- a/rut/02/05.md +++ b/rut/02/05.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **what man does this young woman belong to?** - Boaz was asking whose family Ruth belonged to. -* **supervising** - This can also be translated as "in charge of" or "managing." +* **supervising** - AT: "in charge of" or "managing." * **house** - "hut" or "shelter." This was a temporary shelter or garden hut in the field that provided shade from the sun. diff --git a/rut/02/08.md b/rut/02/08.md index ea2e82ffa..be4165ac1 100644 --- a/rut/02/08.md +++ b/rut/02/08.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Are you listening to me** - This is a rhetorical question that means "Listen to me" or "Note well what I am telling you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Are you listening to me** - AT: "Listen to me" or "Note well what I am telling you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **my daughter** - This was a way of respectfully and kindly addressing a younger woman. Ruth was not the actual daughter of Boaz, so make sure the translation of this does not make it sound like she was. -* **Keep your eyes only on** - This is an idiom that means "Pay attention to" or "Do not worry about anything else but." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Haven't I instructed the men ** - Haven't I instructed the men - This is also a rhetorical question that means "I have instructed the young men." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **Keep your eyes only on** - AT: "Pay attention to" or "Do not worry about anything else but." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Haven't I instructed the men ** - AT: "I have instructed the young men." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **men** - "young male workers." This term is used three times to refer to the young men who are harvesting in the field. Some languages can say this using one word and they have a different word that means young women workers. * **drawn** - To "draw water" means to pull up water from a well or to take it out of a storage vessel. diff --git a/rut/02/10.md b/rut/02/10.md index 2d50ea136..8b2d5040c 100644 --- a/rut/02/10.md +++ b/rut/02/10.md @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ * **she bowed down before Boaz, touching her head to the ground ** - These are acts of respect and reverence. She was showing honor to Boaz out of gratefulness for what he had done for her. It was also a posture of humility. * **foreigner** - Ruth had pledged her loyalty to the God of Israel in private, but she was known publicly as "the Moabitess." -* **It has been reported to me** - This could be translated as "People have reported to me" or "People have told me." The phrase emphasizes the certainty of the statement. +* **It has been reported to me** - AT: "People have reported to me" or "People have told me." The phrase emphasizes the certainty of the statement. * **reward you** - “repay you” or "pay you back" -* **May you receive full payment from Yahweh** - This is a poetic expression that is very similar to the previous sentence. It could be translated as "May Yahweh give back to you even more than you have given." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **under whose wings you have found refuge** - Boaz uses the picture of a mother bird gathering her chicks under her wings to protect them to describe God's protection for those who trust in him. This could be translated as "in whose safe care you have placed yourself." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **May you receive full payment from Yahweh** - This is a poetic expression that is very similar to the previous sentence. AT: "May Yahweh give back to you even more than you have given." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **under whose wings you have found refuge** - Boaz uses the picture of a mother bird gathering her chicks under her wings to protect them to describe God's protection for those who trust in him. AT: "in whose safe care you have placed yourself." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/rut/02/15.md b/rut/02/15.md index 3e690bc23..070680895 100644 --- a/rut/02/15.md +++ b/rut/02/15.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **And when she rose up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men** - In the context of the commands, it is likely that Ruth was far enough away not to hear Boaz's instructions. This could also be translated as "And when Ruth got up to glean, Boaz privately told his young men." +* **When she got up to glean, Boaz commanded his young men** - In the context of the commands, it is likely that Ruth was far enough away not to hear Boaz's instructions. AT: "And when Ruth got up to glean, Boaz privately told his young men." * **even among the sheaves** - "even" here denotes "above and beyond what one normally does." Boaz instructs his workers to let Ruth glean around the bundles of grain. People who were gleaning were normally forbidden from working that close to the harvested grain. -* **pull out some sheaves for her from the bundles** - This could be translated as "take some stalks of grain out of the bundles and leave it for her" or "intentionally leave behind stalks of grain for her to collect." -* **do not rebuke** - This can be translated as "do not cause her shame" or "do not dishonor her." +* **pull out some sheaves for her from the bundles** - AT: "take some stalks of grain out of the bundles and leave it for her" or "intentionally leave behind stalks of grain for her to collect." +* **do not rebuke** - AT: "do not cause her shame" or "do not dishonor her." diff --git a/rut/02/17.md b/rut/02/17.md index 504565147..38adce45f 100644 --- a/rut/02/17.md +++ b/rut/02/17.md @@ -7,6 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **beat out** - "threshed." This is the process of separating the edible part of the grain from the hull and stalk that must be thrown away. -* **about an ephah of barley** - "about 13 kilos of barley" (See: [[en:obe:other:biblicalvolume]]) -* **she took it up** - This not specify how she carried it. -* **her mother-in-law saw** - "Naomi saw" +* **about an ephah of barley** - "about 13 kilos of barley" (See: [[:en:obe:other:biblicalvolume]]) +* **her mother-in-law saw** - in-law saw** - "Naomi saw" diff --git a/rut/02/19.md b/rut/02/19.md index 819f42023..03860b336 100644 --- a/rut/02/19.md +++ b/rut/02/19.md @@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **"Where have you gleaned today. And where did you go to work?** - The Hebrews often repeated thing in different words as a way of emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **"Where have you gleaned today. Where did you go to work?** - The Hebrews often repeated thing in different words as a way of emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) * **who not left off his loyalty** - "has continued to be loyal." Boaz remembered his obligations to Naomi as a family member. But here, Naomi is probably referring to Yahweh, who was acting through Boaz in order to show his favor and kindness to them in their need. * **to the living** - "to the people who are still living." Naomi and Ruth were the "living." * **the dead** - "the people who have already died." Naomi's husband and sons were the "dead." -* **near kin to us, one of our kinsmen-redeemers** - The second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of emphasis. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) -* **kinsmen-redeemers** - A kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative that could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery. +* **near kin to us, one of our kinsmen-redeemers** - redeemers** - The second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of emphasis. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **kinsmen-redeemers** - redeemers** - A kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative that could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery. diff --git a/rut/02/21.md b/rut/02/21.md index fdb456f33..5d79e44c9 100644 --- a/rut/02/21.md +++ b/rut/02/21.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Indeed, he said to me** - Indeed, he said to me- "he even said to me." This indicates that what follows is the most important part of Boaz's words to Ruth. +* **Indeed, he said to me** - "he even said to me." This indicates that what follows is the most important part of Boaz's words to Ruth. * **go out with** - "work with" * **come to harm** - Possible meanings are 1) other workers might abuse Ruth physically or sexually or 2) in another field, the owner might interfere or stop her from gleaning until the end of the harvest. diff --git a/rut/02/23.md b/rut/02/23.md index f8faa224b..005bcc9b7 100644 --- a/rut/02/23.md +++ b/rut/02/23.md @@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **she stayed close** - Ruth worked in Boaz fields with his workers during the day so she would be safe. -* **And she lived with her mother-in-law** - Ruth went to Naomi's home to sleep at night. +* **And she was living with her mother-in-law** - in-law** - Ruth went to Naomi's home to sleep at night. diff --git a/rut/03/01.md b/rut/03/01.md index 727265f1b..1a3ec8de3 100644 --- a/rut/03/01.md +++ b/rut/03/01.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **mother-in-law** - Naomi is the mother of Ruth's dead husband. +* **mother-in-law** - in-law** - Naomi is the mother of Ruth's dead husband. * **my daughter** - Ruth became Naomi's daughter by marrying her son and by her actions in caring for Naomi after returning to Bethlehem. -* **should I not seek a place for you** - This is a rhetorical question that means "I must look for a place for you" or "I must find a husband to care for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) -* **is he not our kinsman?** - This is also a rhetorical question that means "He is certainly our relative." +* **should I not seek a place for you** - AT: "I must look for a place for you" or "I must find a husband to care for you." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) +* **is he not our kinsman?** - AT: "He is certainly our relative." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **Look** - This term indicates that the following statement is very important. diff --git a/rut/03/08.md b/rut/03/08.md index cfe921149..791fe224b 100644 --- a/rut/03/08.md +++ b/rut/03/08.md @@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **It came about that** - This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. +* **It came about ** - This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. * **at midnight** - "in the middle of the night" * **was startled** - It is not clear what startled Boaz. Perhaps he suddenly felt the cold air on his feet. -* **a woman lay at his feet** - The woman was Ruth, but Boaz could not recognize her in the darkness. +* **a woman was lying at his feet** - The woman was Ruth, but Boaz could not recognize her in the darkness. * **your female servant** - Ruth spoke with humility to Boaz. -* **Spread your cloak over** - This was apparently a cultural idiom that meant "marry me." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Spread your cloak over** - This was a cultural Idiom for marriage. AT: "marry me." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **near kinsman** - a close relative with special responsibilities toward their extended family. diff --git a/rut/03/10.md b/rut/03/10.md index 6dd0fa5c0..2860cbc88 100644 --- a/rut/03/10.md +++ b/rut/03/10.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ * **my daughter** - Boaz used this expression as a sign of respect towards Ruth as a younger woman. * **more kindness in the latter end than at the beginning** - "even more kindness now than before" * **more kindness in the later end** - This refers to Ruth asking Boaz to marry her. By marrying Naomi's relative, Ruth would provide for Naomi and demonstrate great kindness to Naomi. -* **inasmuch as you have not pursued** - "instead of pursuing." Ruth could have ignored Naomi's need and looked for a husband for herself outside of Naomi's relatives. +* **because you have not gone after ** - "instead of goin after." Ruth could have ignored Naomi's need and looked for a husband for herself outside of Naomi's relatives. * **at the beginning** - This refers to the way Ruth had earlier provided for her mother-in-law by staying with her and gleaning grain for food for them. diff --git a/rut/03/12.md b/rut/03/12.md index 89cf8ef56..afbe6dbc5 100644 --- a/rut/03/12.md +++ b/rut/03/12.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **kinsman nearer than I** - It was the duty of the closest male relative to help the widow. -* **do the part of a kinsman** - This phrase translates a single Hebrew word. It means "marry you and father children for your dead husband." +* **do the duty of a kinsman** - The duty of a kinsman is to marry the widow and father children for their dead relative. * **by the life of Yahweh** - "as surely as Yahweh lives." This was a common form of a Hebrew vow. diff --git a/rut/03/14.md b/rut/03/14.md index 04e94287a..87423c118 100644 --- a/rut/03/14.md +++ b/rut/03/14.md @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ ## translationNotes -* **before anyone could recognize another** - This could also be translated as "while it was still dark." +* **before anyone could recognize another person** - AT: "while it was still dark." * **shawl** - a piece of cloth worn over the shoulders. * **six large measures of barley** - The actual amount is not stated. It was enough to be considered generous, yet small enough for Ruth to carry alone. Some think it was about 30 kilograms. * **put it on her** - The amount of grain was so great that Ruth needed help picking it up to carry it. -* **And he went into the city** - Most manuscripts have "he went," but some have "she went". English versions are divided. The preferred choice is "he went." +* **Then he went into the city** - Most manuscripts have "he went," but some have "she went". English versions are divided. The preferred choice is "he went." diff --git a/rut/03/16.md b/rut/03/16.md index 3ad7965be..0419d1d25 100644 --- a/rut/03/16.md +++ b/rut/03/16.md @@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Who are you** - Possible meanings are 1) Naomi did not recognize Ruth because it was still dark or 2) this is an idiom that means "How did it go?" or "What happened?" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **How did you do? ** - AT: "How did it go?" or "What happened?" * **do not go empty** - "do not go empty-handed" or "do not go with nothing" * **finished this thing** - This refers to the decision about who will buy Naomi's property and marry Ruth. diff --git a/rut/04/01.md b/rut/04/01.md index a2943c58d..ccee8b587 100644 --- a/rut/04/01.md +++ b/rut/04/01.md @@ -7,5 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **gate** - "gate of the city" or "gate of Bethlehem." This was the main entrance to the walled town of Bethlehem. There was an open area by the gate which was used as a meeting place to discuss community matters. -* **called to him by name** - Boaz knew his name but the narrator choose not to use it. * **elders of the city** - "leaders of the city" diff --git a/rut/04/05.md b/rut/04/05.md index 4eb61150d..4aa4012f2 100644 --- a/rut/04/05.md +++ b/rut/04/05.md @@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the day that you buy...you must also** - Boaz uses this expression to inform his relative of the additional responsibility he will have if he buys the land. -* **from the hand of Naomi** - This is an idiom that means "from the ownership of Naomi." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) -* **Ruth...wife of the dead** - "Ruth...the wife of the dead man" or "Ruth...the widow of Elimelech's son" +* **On the day that you buy…you must also** - Boaz uses this expression to inform his relative of the additional responsibility he will have if he buys the land. +* **from the hand of Naomi** - AT: "from the ownership of Naomi." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **Ruth…wife of the dead man** - "Ruth…the widow of Elimelech's son" * **to raise up the name of the dead** - "that she may have a son to inherit the property and carry on the name of her dead husband" (UDB) * **damaging my own inheritance** - He would have to give some his own wealth to the children that Ruth may bear. * **You take my right of redemption** - "You redeem it yourself" or "You redeem it instead of me" diff --git a/rut/04/09.md b/rut/04/09.md index 495656be0..511cd4941 100644 --- a/rut/04/09.md +++ b/rut/04/09.md @@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ * **to the elders and to all the people** - This refers to all the people who were present at the meeting place, not to everyone in the town. * **all that was Elimelech's and all that was Chilion's and Mahlon's** - This refers to all the land and possessions of Naomi's dead husband and sons. -* **raise up the name of the dead** - The first son that Ruth bore would be legally considered Mahlon's son and would inherit the land that Boaz bought from Naomi. -* **the name of the dead will not be cut off** - This could also be translated as "he will not be left without a descendent." +* **raise up the name of the dead man** - The first son that Ruth bore would be legally considered Mahlon's son and would inherit the land that Boaz bought from Naomi. +* **so that his name will not be cut off** - AT: "so that he will not be left without a descendant." * **from the gate of his place** - "among the people of his hometown of Bethlehem" diff --git a/rut/04/11.md b/rut/04/11.md index df035ffc0..202949826 100644 --- a/rut/04/11.md +++ b/rut/04/11.md @@ -10,10 +10,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **people that were in the gate** - "people that were meeting together near the gate" +* **people who were in the gate** - "people that were meeting together near the gate" * **like Rachel and like Leah** - These were the two wives of Jacob whose name was changed to Israel. * **Built up the house of Israel** - "bore many children that became the nation of Israel" * **may you prosper in Ephrathath** - Ephrathath is the name of the clan to which Boaz belonged in Bethlehem. -* **May your house be like...** - God abundantly blessed Judah through his son Perez. The people were asking God to bless Boaz in a similar way through Ruth's children. +* **May your house be like…** - God abundantly blessed Judah through his son Perez. The people were asking God to bless Boaz in a similar way through Ruth's children. * **Tamar bore to Judah** - Tamar was also a widow. Judah fathered a son with her, which continued the family name. -* **through the offspring which Yahweh will give you** - Yahweh would give Boaz children through Ruth. +* **through the offspring that Yahweh will give you** - Yahweh would give Boaz children through Ruth. diff --git a/rut/04/13.md b/rut/04/13.md index 0c8aff1e1..7a2d728c2 100644 --- a/rut/04/13.md +++ b/rut/04/13.md @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Boaz took Ruth ** - "Boaz married Ruth" or "Boaz took Ruth as a wife" -* **he slept with her ** - This is a polite way of saying that Boaz and Ruth had sexual relations. Many languages have acceptable ways of expressing this. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) -* **let his name be famous** - This refers to the reputation and character of their son. -* **a restorer of life** - This phrase probably refers to how Naomi will again experience joy and hope in her life as a result of having a new grandson. This could be translated as "one who bring joy to you again" or "He will make you feel young again" (UDB). +* **he slept with her ** - This is a polite way of saying that Boaz and Ruth had sexual relations. Many languages have acceptable ways of expressing this. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_euphemism]]) +* **let his name be famous** - This refers to the reputation and character of Naomi's grandson. +* **a restorer of life** - This phrase probably refers to how Naomi will again experience joy and hope in her life as a result of having a new grandson. AT: "one who bring joy to you again" or "He will make you feel young again" (UDB). * **a nourisher of your old age** - "he will take care of you when you become old" (UDB) -* **better to you than seven sons** - "Seven" was the Hebrew number of completeness. This idiom therefore means "better to you than any son." Naomi's sons both died before they produced any offspring, but Ruth bore a grandson to Naomi by Boaz. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **better to you than seven sons** - "Seven" was the Hebrew number of completeness. Naomi's sons both died before they produced any offspring, but Ruth bore a grandson to Naomi by Boaz. AT: "better to you than any son." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/rut/04/16.md b/rut/04/16.md index 68184abb8..e5e3566d5 100644 --- a/rut/04/16.md +++ b/rut/04/16.md @@ -8,6 +8,5 @@ * **Naomi took the child** - This refers to Naomi holding the child. Make sure it does not sound like she took him away from Ruth. * **laid him in her bosom** - "held him close against her chest." This is a statement of love and affection for the child. -* **guardian** - She helped care for the baby as if he were her own child. Different languages have special words for someone who does this. -* **There is a son born to Naomi ** - "The child is like a son to Naomi." It was understood that the child was Naomi's grandson, not her physical son. -* **father of David** - "father of King David". Though "king" is not stated, it was clear to the original audience that David was the King David. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **A son has been born to Naomi ** - "The child is like a son to Naomi." It was understood that the child was Naomi's grandson, not her physical son. +* **father of David** - "father of King David". Though "king" is not stated, it was clear to the original audience that David was the King David. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/rut/04/18.md b/rut/04/18.md index 15b813ac1..7ae3829ec 100644 --- a/rut/04/18.md +++ b/rut/04/18.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **generations of Perez** - "the successive descendants." Since it was mentioned earlier that Perez was the son of Judah, the writer continues listing the family line that came from Perez. -* **Hezron...Ram...** - (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) +* **the descendants of Perez** - "the successive descendants." Since it was mentioned earlier that Perez was the son of Judah, the writer continues listing the family line that came from Perez. +* **Hezron…Ram…** - (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/tit/01/01.md b/tit/01/01.md index a0de3e0b9..997d44e81 100644 --- a/tit/01/01.md +++ b/tit/01/01.md @@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Paul ** - Paul - "From Paul." Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. This could be translated as "I, Paul, wrote this letter." -* **a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ** - The phrase "I am" is implied (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). You could make it clearer with a new sentence: "I am a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ." -* **to establish the faith ** - to establish the faith - This could be a separate sentence: "I work to establish the faith" or "I work to build up the faith." -* **God's elect ** - God's elect - "God's chosen people" or "people who were chosen by God" -* **to establish - ** - "to firmly set in place" +* **Paul ** - "From Paul." Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. AT: "I, Paul, wrote this letter." +* **a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ** - The phrase "I am" is implied. AT: "I am a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]). +* **to establish the faith ** - AT: "I work to establish the faith" or "I work to build up the faith." +* **God's elect ** - "God's chosen people" or "people who were chosen by God" +* **to establish - ** - ** "to firmly set in place" * **which agrees with godliness** - "that agrees with God's rules" or "which is good for holy people" * **God, who is without lies** - "God, who never lies" * **before all the ages of time.** - "before time began" -* **at the right time ** - at the right time - "at the proper time" -* **he trusted me to deliver ** - he trusted me to deliver - This could also be translated as "I was entrusted to proclaim" or "he gave me the responsibility to preach." +* **at the right time ** - "at the proper time" +* **he trusted me to deliver ** - AT: "I was entrusted to proclaim" or "he gave me the responsibility to preach." * **God our Savior** - "God, who saved us" (See: UDB). diff --git a/tit/01/04.md b/tit/01/04.md index 68ca237fb..a893f1c92 100644 --- a/tit/01/04.md +++ b/tit/01/04.md @@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ ## translationNotes -* **a true son** - Since Titus was not Paul's actual son, this could be translated as "you are like a son to me." (UDB) -* **our common faith ** - our common faith - This could be translated as "the faith in Christ that we both share" or "the same teachings that we both believe in." -* **Grace, mercy, and peace** - This was a common greeting. This can also be translated as "May grace, mercy, and peace be yours" or "may you experience kindness, mercy, and peace within." -* **Christ Jesus our Savior ** - Christ Jesus our Savior - "Christ Jesus who is our Savior" -* **For this purpose** - This can also be translated as "This is the reason" -* **I left you in Crete** - This could be translated as "I told you to stay in Crete." -* **that you might set in order things not yet complete ** - that you might set in order things not yet complete - "so that you would finish arranging things that needed to done" +* **a true son** - Titus was not Paul's actual son. AT: "you are like a son to me." (UDB) +* **our common faith ** - AT: "the faith in Christ that we both share" or "the same teachings that we both believe in." +* **Grace, mercy, and peace** - This was a common greeting. AT: "May grace, mercy, and peace be yours" or "may you experience kindness, mercy, and peace within." +* **Christ Jesus our Savior ** - "Christ Jesus who is our Savior" +* **For this purpose** - AT: "This is the reason" +* **I left you in Crete** - AT: "I told you to stay in Crete." +* **that you might set in order things not yet complete ** - "so that you would finish arranging things that needed to done" * **ordain elders** - That is, "appoint elders" (See: UDB) or "designate elders" diff --git a/tit/01/06.md b/tit/01/06.md index 4347f78d4..05ce07b88 100644 --- a/tit/01/06.md +++ b/tit/01/06.md @@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ ## translationNotes -* **An elder must be without blame** - (See UDB). This could also be translated using a positive description: "with integrity" or "with a good reputation." -* **husband of one wife - ** - This phrase means "a one-woman man." It is normally translated as "must have only one wife" (UDB). It is debated as to whether this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or single men. -* **faithful children** - Possible meanings for this phrase are 1) "children who believe (in Jesus) or 2) simply "children who are trustworthy." +* **An elder must be without blame** - This is a double negative emphasizing moral character. AT: “with integrity” or “with a good reputation.” (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) +* **husband of one wife** - A man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or never married. +* **faithful children** - Possible meanings are 1) children who believe in Jesus or 2) children who are trustworthy. * **not categorized as** - "not known as" or "do not have the reputation as" * **undisciplined** - "rebellious" or "does not follow rules" -* **It is necessary for the overseer** - This could be translated as "An overseer must." +* **It is necessary for the overseer** - AT: "An overseer must." * **God's house manager** - "a steward of God," or "as one responsible for the house of God." * **not addicted to wine** - "not an alcoholic" or "not a drunkard" or "does not drink too much wine" * **brawler** - "violent" or "who likes to fight" (UDB) diff --git a/tit/01/08.md b/tit/01/08.md index bccd4d0d3..5d0879143 100644 --- a/tit/01/08.md +++ b/tit/01/08.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul continues to describe the type of men that Titus should appoint as elders in the churches.) -* **a friend to strangers** - This could be translated as "hospitable." +* **a friend to strangers** - AT: "hospitable." * **a friend of what is good** - "love the things that are good" (UDB) * **tightly hold to** - "be devoted to" or "know well" or "have a strong understanding of" -* **the trustworthy word of doctrine** - This could be translated as "the truth of the word" or "the teaching of the word that is faithful." +* **the trustworthy word of doctrine** - AT: "the truth of the word" or "the teaching of the word that is faithful." * **what is sound** - "what is healthy" or "what is correct" diff --git a/tit/01/10.md b/tit/01/10.md index 6589858db..555d2a631 100644 --- a/tit/01/10.md +++ b/tit/01/10.md @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **those of the circumcision** - "those who have been circumcised" or "those who practice circumcision." This refers to the Jews, who were circumcised. -* **Their words are worthless ** - Their words are worthless - "Their words do not benefit anyone" -* **It is necessary to stop them ** - It is necessary to stop them - "They must be prevented from spreading their teachings" or "They must be stopped from influencing others by their words" +* **Their words are worthless ** - "Their words do not benefit anyone" +* **It is necessary to stop them ** - "They must be prevented from spreading their teachings" or "They must be stopped from influencing others by their words" * **what they should not teach** - "things that are not proper to teach" * **for shameful profit** - "so that people will give them money. This is very shameful!" (UDB). This refers to profit that people make by doing things that are not honorable. -* **break up whole families ** - break up whole families - "ruin entire households." This could also be translated as "destroy the faith of whole families." +* **break up whole families ** - "ruin entire households." AT: "destroy the faith of whole families." diff --git a/tit/01/12.md b/tit/01/12.md index 972b5551c..aa1fa1ee9 100644 --- a/tit/01/12.md +++ b/tit/01/12.md @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ * (Paul continues to warn against the false teachers who have come into the churches.) * **One of them** - "One of the Cretans" or "Someone from the people of Crete" -* **a wise man of theirs** - This can be translated as "someone his people thought was a prophet" (UDB). +* **a wise man of theirs** - AT: "someone his people thought was a prophet" (UDB). * **Cretans are unceasing liars** - "Cretans are lying all the time" or "Cretans never stop lying." The is an exaggeration. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) -* **bad and dangerous animals** - This metaphor compares the Cretans to dangerous beasts. See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **bad and dangerous animals** - This metaphor compares the Cretans to dangerous beasts. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **lazy bellies** - "lazy gluttons" or "people who do nothing but eat too much food." This figure of speech uses the image of their stomachs to describe the whole person. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **So sharply correct them** - "Therefore tell them strongly that they are wrong" * **that they may be sound in the faith** - "so they will have a healthy faith" or "so they will believe the truth" or "so their faith may be true" diff --git a/tit/01/15.md b/tit/01/15.md index b9fd09b4b..ffacac82d 100644 --- a/tit/01/15.md +++ b/tit/01/15.md @@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul continues to explain to Titus the nature of the false teachers.) -* **To the pure man, all is pure** - This can be translated as "Everything is pure to the one who is pure" or "If someone is pure inside, everything they do will be pure." +* **To the pure man, all is pure** - AT: "Everything is pure to the one who is pure" or "If someone is pure inside, everything they do will be pure." * **pure** - "clean" or "acceptable to God" -* **to the polluted and unbelieving man, nothings is pure** - This can be translated as "the one who is morally defiled and who does not believe cannot be pure." +* **to the polluted and unbelieving man, nothings is pure** - AT: "the one who is morally defiled and who does not believe cannot be pure." * **polluted** - "morally unclean" or "corrupt" or "defiled" * **what they do denies him** - "their actions demonstrate that they do not know him" * **detestable** - "disgusting" diff --git a/tit/02/01.md b/tit/02/01.md index f307a6799..458909806 100644 --- a/tit/02/01.md +++ b/tit/02/01.md @@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul turns his attention from the false teachers to Titus and the believers.) -* **But you** - This could be translated as "But you, Titus, in contrast with the false teachers." +* **But you** - AT: "But you, Titus, in contrast with the false teachers." * **with healthy doctrine** - "with sound doctrine" or "with correct teachings" -* **temperate** - "sober minded" or "self-controlled." This could be translated as "rule themselves." +* **temperate** - "sober minded" or "self-controlled." AT: "rule themselves." * **sensible** - "self-controlled" or "in control of their desires." * **sound** - This describes the next three things: faith, love, and perseverance. To be "sound" means to be "healthy." * **(sound) in faith** - "with healthy faith" or "correct in their beliefs" diff --git a/tit/02/03.md b/tit/02/03.md index 3f00c62d8..d737e9ddb 100644 --- a/tit/02/03.md +++ b/tit/02/03.md @@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ ## translationNotes -* **likewise** - "in the same way." This could be translated as "as you instruct the older men, instruct the older women as well." +* **likewise** - "in the same way." AT: "as you instruct the older men, instruct the older women as well." * **should always present themselves** - "should be" or "should live as" * **gossips** - The word that is translated here as "gossips" means "devils" or "slanderers" or "enemies." It here refers to people who say bad things about other people whether they are true or not." -* **call** - call- "teach" or "discipline" or "encourage" +* **call** - "teach" or "discipline" or "encourage" * **balanced in their thinking** - "think wisely" -* **be pure** - Could be translated as "think good thoughts and do good actions" or "think clean thoughts and do good things." -* **so that God's word may not be condemned** - "so that God's message will not be rejected." This could be translated as "so that God's word will not be criticized or rejected because of what the women do." +* **be pure** - AT: "think good thoughts and do good actions" or "think clean thoughts and do good things." +* **so that God's word may not be condemned** - "so that God's message will not be rejected." AT: "so that God's word will not be criticized or rejected because of what the women do." diff --git a/tit/02/06.md b/tit/02/06.md index fcb35f366..74ab1ebac 100644 --- a/tit/02/06.md +++ b/tit/02/06.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ * **in the same way** - This refers back to the training of the women in the church. Titus was to train the men in a similar manner. * **call** - "teach" or "tell" or "exhort" -* **present yourself** - This could be translated as "You should be" or "Show yourself to be." +* **present yourself** - AT: "You should be" or "Show yourself to be." * **a model of good works** - "an example of doing right and proper things" * **healthy words beyond reproach** - "teaching that does not contain any error" * **would bring shame upon someone if he tried to oppose you** - This presents a hypothetical situation where someone opposes Titus and is himself shamed as a result. It is not expressing a current event. Your language may have a way of expressing this. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_hypo]]) diff --git a/tit/02/09.md b/tit/02/09.md index 569429270..3466d425d 100644 --- a/tit/02/09.md +++ b/tit/02/09.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ * **their masters** - "their own masters" * **in everything** - "in every situation" or "always" -* **please them** - This could be translated as "make their masters happy" or "satisfy their masters." -* **show good faith** - This could be translated as "be faithful to their masters" or "demonstrate they are worthy of their masters' trust." +* **please them** - AT: "make their masters happy" or "satisfy their masters." +* **show good faith** - AT: "be faithful to their masters" or "demonstrate they are worthy of their masters' trust." * **God our Savior** - "our God who saves us" * **attractive** - The word translated as "attractive" has the meaning of a something such as a gift being decorated to make it desirable. * **in every way** - "in everything they do." diff --git a/tit/02/11.md b/tit/02/11.md index 9a1531d82..b9436d55e 100644 --- a/tit/02/11.md +++ b/tit/02/11.md @@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ ## translationNotes * **You see** - "Titus, you understand" -* **the grace of God that is able to bring salvation to everyone has appeared** - This can also be translated as "the saving grace of God has come to light for everyone." +* **the grace of God that is able to bring salvation to everyone has appeared** - AT: "the saving grace of God has come to light for everyone." * **has appeared** - "come to light" or "become visible" -* **trains us to deny ungodliness** - "teaches us to do right things." This could be translated as "teaches us to resist temptation to do wrong things." +* **trains us to deny ungodliness** - "teaches us to do right things." AT: "teaches us to resist temptation to do wrong things." * **trains us** - This is a figure of speech that presents the grace of God as a person who trains and disciplines people to live holy lives. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_personification]]) * **worldly passions** - "strong desires for the things of this world" or "strong desires for earthly pleasures" * **in this age** - "while we live in this world" or "during this time" diff --git a/tit/02/14.md b/tit/02/14.md index 3110a583c..55bd30cd6 100644 --- a/tit/02/14.md +++ b/tit/02/14.md @@ -9,5 +9,5 @@ * **gave himself for us** - "gave himself to die for us" * **to set us free from lawlessness** - "to release us from our sinful condition." This is a metaphor that compares being released from sin's control to the freedom of a slave being purchased by someone. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **make pure** - "cleanse" -* **a treasured people** - This could be translated as "a group of people that he treasures." +* **a treasured people** - AT: "a group of people that he treasures." * **are eager** - "have a strong desire" diff --git a/tit/02/15.md b/tit/02/15.md index 205aaaa55..19ec40fef 100644 --- a/tit/02/15.md +++ b/tit/02/15.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **speak of and encourage these things** - This could be translated as "teach these things and encourage the hearers to do these things." +* **speak of and encourage these things** - AT: "teach these things and encourage the hearers to do these things." * **give correction** - "correct those people who do not do these things" * **Let no one** - "Do not allow anyone to" -* **disregard you** - This could be translated as "refuse to listen to your words" or "refuse to respect you." +* **disregard you** - AT: "refuse to listen to your words" or "refuse to respect you." diff --git a/tit/03/01.md b/tit/03/01.md index 9f4cd1837..0e0d75026 100644 --- a/tit/03/01.md +++ b/tit/03/01.md @@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ ## translationNotes * **Remind them** - "Tell the people at church again what they already know," or "Keep reminding them." -* **submit to rulers and authorities, to obey them ** - submit to rulers and authorities, to obey them - This could also be translated as "do as the political rulers and government authorities say by obeying them." +* **submit to rulers and authorities, to obey them ** - AT: "do as the political rulers and government authorities say by obeying them." * **rulers and authorities** - These words are similar, and used together to include everyone who holds authority in the government. * **be ready for every good work** - "be ready to do good whenever there is opportunity" * **revile** - "speak evil of" -* **let other people have their way** - This can be translated as "be gentle" +* **let other people have their way** - AT: "be gentle" diff --git a/tit/03/03.md b/tit/03/03.md index e82cab117..a95232aa1 100644 --- a/tit/03/03.md +++ b/tit/03/03.md @@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ * **For** - "Because" * **once** - "formerly" or "at some time" or "previously" * **thoughtless** - "foolish" or "unwise" -* **led astray and enslaved by various passions and pleasures** - This metaphor compares the way our sinful desires control us to slavery. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) This could be translated as "our sinful wishes make us slaves to our strong desires for pleasure." -* **led astray** - This could be translated as "deceived." +* **led astray and enslaved by various passions and pleasures** - This metaphor compares the way our sinful desires control us to slavery. AT: "our sinful wishes make us slaves to our strong desires for pleasure." (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **led astray** - AT: "deceived." * **passions** - "lusts" or "desires" -* **lived in evil and envy** - This could be translated as "We were always doing evil things and wanting what someone else has." -* **We were detestable** - "We were worthy of being hated." This could be translated as "We caused others to hate us." +* **lived in evil and envy** - AT: "We were always doing evil things and wanting what someone else has." +* **We were detestable** - "We were worthy of being hated." AT: "We caused others to hate us." diff --git a/tit/03/04.md b/tit/03/04.md index c37ce6650..b5c6014f0 100644 --- a/tit/03/04.md +++ b/tit/03/04.md @@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul continues to explain why he told Titus that we should teach with humility.) -* **when the kindness of God our Savior and his love towards mankind appeared** - This could be translated as "when God our Savior displayed his love and kindness to people." -* **toward mankind** - toward mankind- "for humans" +* **when the kindness of God our Savior and his love towards mankind appeared** - AT: "when God our Savior displayed his love and kindness to people." +* **toward mankind** - "for humans" * **saved us through** - "saved us by means of" or "saved us by" -* **washing of new birth** - This could be translated as "making us inside by our spiritual new birth." -* **renewal** - "being made new." This could be translated as "the Holy Spirit made us new" or "The Holy Spirit made us new people." -* **because of works which we have done in righteousness** - "because we do good things" (DUB) +* **washing of new birth** - AT: "making us inside by our spiritual new birth." +* **renewal** - "being made new." AT: "the Holy Spirit made us new" or "The Holy Spirit made us new people." +* **because of works which we have done in righteousness** - "because we do good things" (UDB) * **according to** - "in the same measure as" diff --git a/tit/03/06.md b/tit/03/06.md index 8aa15b14b..f7d7c777e 100644 --- a/tit/03/06.md +++ b/tit/03/06.md @@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ ## translationNotes * (Paul reminds Titus to teach humbly because we received grace.) -* **poured the Holy Spirit on us** - This is a metaphor resembling the anointing of priests. (See: [[en:obe:kt:anoint]]) This could be translated as "gave the Holy Spirit to us generously." +* **poured the Holy Spirit on us** - This is a metaphor resembling the anointing of priests. AT: "gave the Holy Spirit to us generously." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **everlasting** - "eternal" * **richly** - "abundantly" or "generously" * **through our Savior Jesus Christ** - "when Jesus saved us" -* **having been justified** - This could be translated as "We have already been made righteous by God" -* **we became heirs** - This could be translated as "God made us sons with rights of inheritance." +* **having been justified** - AT: "We have already been made righteous by God" +* **we became heirs** - AT: "God made us sons with rights of inheritance." * **of the hope of eternal life** - "and we know for certain that we have eternal life" diff --git a/tit/03/08.md b/tit/03/08.md index 6b3671df7..54871b6a2 100644 --- a/tit/03/08.md +++ b/tit/03/08.md @@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **These words** - This refers to the statement about God giving us the Holy Spirit through Jesus in the previous verse. -* **set their minds on ** - set their minds on - "focus on" or "continually think about" -* **that he put before them - ** - This can be translated as "that God gave to them to do." +* **set their minds on ** - "focus on" or "continually think about" +* **that he put before them - ** - ** AT: "that God gave to them to do." diff --git a/tit/03/09.md b/tit/03/09.md index 3a900b7f8..39af050fc 100644 --- a/tit/03/09.md +++ b/tit/03/09.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ * **foolish debates** - "arguments concerning unimportant matters" * **strife** - "quarreling" * **the law** - "God's law" -* **reject** - This could be translated as "Do not interact with" or "Do not spend time with" or "avoid" +* **reject** - AT: "Do not interact with" or "Do not spend time with" or "avoid" * **after one or two warnings** - "after you have warned that person once or twice" * **such a one** - "a person like that" -* **condemns himself** - This could be translated as "bring judgment upon himself." +* **condemns himself** - AT: "bring judgment upon himself." diff --git a/tit/03/14.md b/tit/03/14.md index de9cbf0ad..90add5cbf 100644 --- a/tit/03/14.md +++ b/tit/03/14.md @@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ * (Paul explains why it is important to provide for Zenas and Apollos.) * **set before themselves** - "be busy doing" -* **so that they may not be unfruitful** - This double-negative can also be stated positively: "so they will be fruitful" or "so they can produce fruit for God" or "so their lives will be useful." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) +* **so that they may not be unfruitful** - AT: "so they will be fruitful" or "so they can produce fruit for God" or "so their lives will be useful." (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublenegatives]]) diff --git a/tit/03/15.md b/tit/03/15.md index 5ee3cfc7d..a98addc2d 100644 --- a/tit/03/15.md +++ b/tit/03/15.md @@ -7,5 +7,5 @@ * (Paul ends his letter to Titus.) * **All those** - "All the people" -* **those who love us in faith- ** - those who love us in faith- Possible meanings are 1) "the believers who love us" or 2) "the believers who love us because we share the same belief." -* **Grace be with all of you- ** - Grace be with all of you- This was a common Christian greeting. It can also be translated as "May God's grace be with you" or "I ask that God will be gracious to all of you." +* **those who love us in faith- ** - ** Possible meanings are 1) "the believers who love us" or 2) "the believers who love us because we share the same belief." +* **Grace be with all of you- ** - ** This was a common Christian greeting. AT: "May God's grace be with you" or "I ask that God will be gracious to all of you." diff --git a/zec/01/01.md b/zec/01/01.md index 1886c51cc..ecb5ef0c4 100644 --- a/zec/01/01.md +++ b/zec/01/01.md @@ -15,5 +15,6 @@ * **Berechiah...Iddo** - These are the names of males. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **second year of Darius' reign** - "second year since Darius became king" * **exceedingly angry with your fathers** - "very angry with your forefathers" -* **"Turn unto me ** - "Turn unto me - The word "turn" is used to refer to a change. Yahweh is telling the people of Israel to change from not obeying him to obeying him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **"Turn to me ** - The word "turn" is used to refer to a change. Yahweh is telling the people of Israel to change from not obeying him to obeying him. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) +* **this is Yahweh of hosts' declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. * **"and I will return to you"** - By saying he will return to the people of Israel, Yahweh is saying that they will have good things happen because he is helping them. AT: "and I will bless you" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) diff --git a/zec/01/04.md b/zec/01/04.md index 1af34a860..d78305149 100644 --- a/zec/01/04.md +++ b/zec/01/04.md @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ * **cried out** - "shouted" * **turn** - "change" * **But they would not hear and did not pay attention to me** - Both of these phrases mean that the people of Israel would not obey the commands of Yahweh. AT: "But they would not listen to my commands" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]) +* **This is Yahweh's declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. * **Your fathers, where are they? And the prophets, are they here forever?** - Both of these questions are asked to point out the fact that people die. AT: "Your fathers have died. The prophets will also die." (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **But my words and my decrees that I commanded my servants the prophets, have they not overtaken your fathers?** - This question is used to show the people of Israel that everything that the Lord had told his prophets to warn their ancestors about, had happened. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_rquestion]]) * **my words and my decrees** - These are both ways to refer to what God has said to the prophets. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]) diff --git a/zec/01/07.md b/zec/01/07.md index 4e7d0fc1b..a2390e512 100644 --- a/zec/01/07.md +++ b/zec/01/07.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **the twenty-fourth day of the eleventh month** - "day 24 of month 11" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) +* **the twenty-fourth day of the eleventh month** - fourth day of the eleventh month** - "day 24 of month 11" (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:translate_numbers]]) * **Shebat** - This is the name of a month. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) * **the word of Yahweh came to Zechariah...saying** - AT: “Yahweh spoke this message to Zechariah” * **Berechiah...Iddo** - These are the names of men. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/zec/01/16.md b/zec/01/16.md index 702aa2f17..c40299a37 100644 --- a/zec/01/16.md +++ b/zec/01/16.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ * **I have returned to Jerusalem with mercies** - Returning to Jerusalem refers to once again taking care of the people of Israel like a king returning to lead his people out of trouble. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **My house will be built within her** - AT: "My temple will be built in Jerusalem" -* **"and the measuring line will be stretched forth over Jerusalem!" ** - "and the measuring line will be stretched forth over Jerusalem!" - AT: "and Jerusalem will be surveyed before rebuilding" +* **this is Yahweh of hosts' declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. +* **"and the measuring line will be stretched forth over Jerusalem!" ** - AT: "and Jerusalem will be surveyed before rebuilding" * **My cities will once again overflow with goodness** - Yahweh refers to the good things he will do for the people of Israel like a liquid that could fill the cities and flow over the walls. AT: "The cities of Israel will once again be prosperous" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Yahweh will again comfort Zion** - AT: "Yahweh will encourage the people of Israel" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/zec/02/03.md b/zec/02/03.md index c6055c8c3..f0a6921aa 100644 --- a/zec/02/03.md +++ b/zec/02/03.md @@ -16,4 +16,5 @@ * **another angel went out to meet him** - This angel is a new person and has not appeared before, and so should be clearly introduced as a new participant. AT: "a new angel went out to meet him:" * **The second angel said to him, "Run and speak to that young man** - "The second angel said to the angel who had spoken with Zechariah, "Go quickly and tell the man with the measuring line"" * **Jerusalem will sit in the open country** - This phrase means that Jerusalem will not be surrounded by walls. -* **become for her a wall of fire around her** - Yahweh is saying he will protect Jerusalem and compares his protection to a wall of fire. See ([[:en:bible:team-info:training:quick-reference:figures:metaphor]]) +* **become for her a wall of fire around her** - Yahweh is saying he will protect Jerusalem and compares his protection to a wall of fire. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **this is Yahweh's declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. diff --git a/zec/02/10.md b/zec/02/10.md index fa9c1cfba..4851325d2 100644 --- a/zec/02/10.md +++ b/zec/02/10.md @@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ * **daughter of Zion** - This is another name for Jerusalem that refers to the city like a daughter of the heavenly city of Zion. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **encamp** - to set up and use a camp -* **This is Yahweh's declaration.** - This phrase is translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. +* **This is Yahweh's declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. * **nations will join themselves to Yahweh** - "nations will make become loyal to Yahweh" diff --git a/zec/03/06.md b/zec/03/06.md index 9ab410654..5301c8646 100644 --- a/zec/03/06.md +++ b/zec/03/06.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ * **solemnly commanded Joshua** - "commanded Joshua in a very serious manner" * **will walk in my ways** - Walking in the same ways refers to doing the same things. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **if you will keep my commandments** - AT: "if you will remember and obey my commandments" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **adjudicate** - adjudicate "make judgements" +* **adjudicate** - "make judgements" * **keep my courts** - "be responsible for my courtyards" diff --git a/zec/03/08.md b/zec/03/08.md index d5f9af590..dd46094c3 100644 --- a/zec/03/08.md +++ b/zec/03/08.md @@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ * **my servant the Branch** - The title "Branch" should be translated in the same way as the branch of a tree. It means the servant of Yahweh will come from Yahweh like a branch comes from a tree. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **engrave** - "carve" * **inscription** - words that are written on something or cut into something -* **this is Yahweh of hosts' declaration** - You may omit this phrase here and may move it to be beginning of the verse using this AT: "Yahweh of hosts said,". +* **this is Yahweh of hosts' declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. diff --git a/zec/03/10.md b/zec/03/10.md index 485e8f791..cb2557f84 100644 --- a/zec/03/10.md +++ b/zec/03/10.md @@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **this is Yahweh of hosts' declaration** - You may omit this phrase here and may move it to be beginning of the verse using this AT: “Yahweh of hosts said,”. +* **this is Yahweh of hosts' declaration** - This phrase is often translated as "Yahweh says" in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. diff --git a/zec/04/01.md b/zec/04/01.md index 102eb7e1a..7be7d9bea 100644 --- a/zec/04/01.md +++ b/zec/04/01.md @@ -1,15 +1,14 @@ ## translationWords * [[en:tw:angel]] -* [[en:tw:angel|angel]] * [[en:tw:gold]] +* [[en:tw:lamp]] * [[en:tw:lampstand]] -* [[en:tw:lampstand|lampstand]] * [[en:tw:olive]] * [[en:tw:olive|olive]] ## translationNotes -* **roused me like man roused from his sleep** - "caused me to become more alert like a man woken from his sleep" -* **lamp wicks** - the part of a lamp that is lit on fire -* **the other on the left side** - AT: "the other on the left side of the bowl" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) +* **roused me like a man roused from his sleep** - "caused me to become more alert like a man woken from his sleep" +* **lamp wicks** - the parts of a lamp that are lit on fire +* **the left side** - AT: "the left side of the bowl" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_ellipsis]]) diff --git a/zec/05/03.md b/zec/05/03.md index cb401b15f..7752b1b3b 100644 --- a/zec/05/03.md +++ b/zec/05/03.md @@ -13,11 +13,12 @@ ## translationNotes * The angel continues to speak with Zechariah. -* **goes out over the face of** - goes out over the face of- This phrase refers to the curse like a cloud that spreads to cover the face of the land. The word "face" refers to the surface of the land like a person's face is on the surface of their head. AT: "effects" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **goes out over the face of** - This phrase refers to the curse like a cloud that spreads to cover the face of the land. The word "face" refers to the surface of the land like a person's face is on the surface of their head. AT: "effects" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **based on what it says on the one side** - "based on what the scroll has written on one side" * **what it says on the other side** - "what the scroll has written on the other side" * **according to their words** - The phrase "their words" refers to what was said in their oath. AT: "according to what they said" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **'I will send it out** - The word "it" refers to the curse. +* **this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts** - This phrase is often translated as “Yahweh says” in the UDB. You can translate this concept whichever way is best in your language. This phrase is used many times in Zechariah. * **the house** - This refers to the man's family and everything they own. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) * **of the one that swears** - "of the man that swears" * **timber** - wood used for building diff --git a/zec/05/05.md b/zec/05/05.md index 5e5eaae3a..2aa61d9e3 100644 --- a/zec/05/05.md +++ b/zec/05/05.md @@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Lift up your eyes** - This phrase commands a person to look up by referring to their eyes. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) +* **Raise your eyes** - This phrase commands a person to look up by referring to their eyes. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_synecdoche]]) * **a lead covering** - This refers to a heavy cover. Lead is a heavy metal. * **there was a woman under it sitting in it** - A woman could not literally fit inside a basket of this size. In Zechariah's vision though, so did fit in the basket. Often in visions the sizes of things are exaggerated. Both the basket and the woman are symbolic and represent other things. diff --git a/zec/05/08.md b/zec/05/08.md index 6e4a6bbe3..55ad0a9dc 100644 --- a/zec/05/08.md +++ b/zec/05/08.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ## translationNotes -* **This is Wickedness** - The woman represents wickedness. AT: "Her name is Wickedness" (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) +* **This is Wickedness** - The woman represents wickedness. AT: "Her name is Wickedness" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) * **and wind was in their wings** - This phrase describes how the women used their wings to be carried by the wind and fly. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_explicit]]) -* **they had wings like a stork's wings** - The women had wings that looked like stork's wings. A stork is a type of large bird that has a wingspan of 2 to 4 meters. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **between heaven and earth** - The basket was lifted up into the sky. It says "between heaven and earth" to draw attention to them and show where the barrel was in relationship to them. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) +* **they had wings like a stork's wings** - The women had wings that looked like stork's wings. A stork is a type of large bird that has a wingspan of 2 to 4 meters. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) +* **between heaven and earth** - The basket was lifted up into the sky. It says "between heaven and earth" to draw attention to them and show where the basket was in relationship to them. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_merism]]) diff --git a/zec/05/10.md b/zec/05/10.md index 4d503f5e6..08ef04a8c 100644 --- a/zec/05/10.md +++ b/zec/05/10.md @@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **Where are they taking the barrel?** - "Where are the women taking the barrel?" -* **so when it is prepared ... on its prepared base** - "and when it is ready, the barrel will be set on the place prepared for it" +* **Where are they taking the basket?** - "Where are the women taking the barrel?" +* **so that when the house is ready … on its prepared base** - "and when it is ready, the barrel will be set in the place prepared for it" diff --git a/zec/06/05.md b/zec/06/05.md index c2162a35b..fdf22c495 100644 --- a/zec/06/05.md +++ b/zec/06/05.md @@ -12,5 +12,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **These are the four winds of heaven** - The angel explains that the chariots with horses are symbols for the 4 winds of heaven. -* **four winds** - The word "winds" refers to spirits from heaven. A spirit is like the wind because they are both invisible forces. AT: "four spirits" (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) -* **station** - the place someone or something is supposed to be. +* **four winds** - The word "winds" refers to the four directions: north, east, south, and west. diff --git a/zep/01/01.md b/zep/01/01.md index ce0cbe92c..d26956f8d 100644 --- a/zep/01/01.md +++ b/zep/01/01.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I will utterly destroy everything from off the face of the earth** - I will utterly destroy everything from off the face of the earth and I will cut off man from the face of the earth- These are deliberate exaggerations by Yahweh to emphasize his anger at the people's sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **I will utterly destroy everything from off the face of the earth** - These are deliberate exaggerations by Yahweh to emphasize his anger at the people's sin. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) diff --git a/zep/01/04.md b/zep/01/04.md index bc8bfb432..5fdbc9aa7 100644 --- a/zep/01/04.md +++ b/zep/01/04.md @@ -17,4 +17,4 @@ ## translationNotes -* There are no translator notes for this passage. +* **Milcom** - "Milcom" is perhaps another name for the idol "Molech" )See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:translate_names]]) diff --git a/zep/01/12.md b/zep/01/12.md index 8a8273f90..7902eb397 100644 --- a/zep/01/12.md +++ b/zep/01/12.md @@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ ## translationNotes -* **I will search Jerusalem with lamps** - I will search Jerusalem with lamps- No one will be able to hide from God. +* **I will search Jerusalem with lamps** - No one will be able to hide from God. * **settled into their wine** - They feel safe from trouble. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) * **and say in their heart** - They speak with certainty. (See: [[en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_idiom]]) diff --git a/zep/01/17.md b/zep/01/17.md index 6915bd90f..9613ca602 100644 --- a/zep/01/17.md +++ b/zep/01/17.md @@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ ## translationNotes * **walk about like blind men,** - These three phrases indicate comparisons to show what they have in common. AT: (UDB). (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]) -* **The fire of Yahweh's wrath** - The fire of Yahweh's wrath- This refers to the power of Yahweh's anger. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) +* **The fire of Yahweh's wrath** - This refers to the power of Yahweh's anger. (See: [[en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_hyperbole]]) * **annihilation** - This means total destruction. AT: "and he will completely get rid ... of" (UDB). diff --git a/zep/02/01.md b/zep/02/01.md index 5041386b9..7059de4e2 100644 --- a/zep/02/01.md +++ b/zep/02/01.md @@ -15,5 +15,5 @@ * **Rally yourselves together and gather** - AT:"meet together". (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_doublet]]). * **unashamed nation** - The nation is not sorry for their sins. * **before the day passes like the chaff** - The chaff is the insignificant part of the plant being thrown away and so this day will pass quickly. (See:[[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_simile]]). -* **before the fierce anger of Yahweh's wrath comes upon you! Before the day of Yahweh's wrath comes upon you** - before the fierce anger of Yahweh's wrath comes upon you! Before the day of Yahweh's wrath comes upon you Notice that the same phrase is repeated almost exactly the same. This shows intensity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]). +* **before the fierce anger of Yahweh's wrath comes upon you! Before the day of Yahweh's wrath comes upon you** - Notice that the same phrase is repeated almost exactly the same. This shows intensity. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]]). * **Yahweh's wrath** - This stands for God's intent to punish. (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]]) diff --git a/zep/02/04.md b/zep/02/04.md index ce3b747c1..93a1e7692 100644 --- a/zep/02/04.md +++ b/zep/02/04.md @@ -11,5 +11,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **They will drive out Ashdod at noon, and they will uproot Ekron!** - They will drive out Ashdod at noon, and they will uproot Ekron!- The people will be quickly and completely removed from these cities. +* **They will drive out Ashdod at noon, and they will uproot Ekron!** - The people will be quickly and completely removed from these cities. * **until no inhabitant remains** - AT: "until no one is there" diff --git a/zep/02/06.md b/zep/02/06.md index f4530ce93..4a65aa55f 100644 --- a/zep/02/06.md +++ b/zep/02/06.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ ## translationNotes -* **sheep pen** - sheep pen is land surrounded by a fence where the sheep live. -* **lie down** - lie down means to sleep in a bed. +* **sheep pen** - is land surrounded by a fence where the sheep live. +* **lie down** - means to sleep in a bed. diff --git a/zep/03/03.md b/zep/03/03.md index 32ff238a2..03c18e30c 100644 --- a/zep/03/03.md +++ b/zep/03/03.md @@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ * **Her princes are roaring lions in her midst** - AT: "Jerusalem's leaders are violent." (See: [[ en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) * **Her judges are evening wolves who leave nothing to be gnawed upon in the morning** - AT: "Her judges are evil people who take things that belong to others." This is also a metaphor. -* **Her prophets are insolent and treasonous men** - Her prophets are insolent and treasonous men- AT: "Her prophets are disobedient and disloyal men." +* **Her prophets are insolent and treasonous men** - AT: "Her prophets are disobedient and disloyal men." diff --git a/zep/03/08.md b/zep/03/08.md index e73a9be1d..73f27a738 100644 --- a/zep/03/08.md +++ b/zep/03/08.md @@ -10,5 +10,5 @@ * **Yahweh's declaration** - This means what Yahweh has solemnly said. * **to plunder** - This means to take the property of others often by conquering them in war. -* **to gather the nations, to assemble the kingdoms** - to gather the nations, to assemble the kingdoms and to pour out upon them my anger, all my fierce wrath See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_parallelism]] (See v. 6-7). +* **to gather the nations, to assemble the kingdoms** - 7). * **fire of my anger** - God's anger is very powerful, like a fire is very powerful. (See: [[: en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/zep/03/14.md b/zep/03/14.md index a4c028621..11749a38e 100644 --- a/zep/03/14.md +++ b/zep/03/14.md @@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ ## translationNotes * **daughter of Zion** - "This means all the people in Jerusalem. -* **Do not let your hands falter** - Do not let your hands falter- This means do not feel weak or helpless as you would if your hands became physically weak. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) +* **Do not let your hands falter** - This means do not feel weak or helpless as you would if your hands became physically weak. (See: [[:en:ta:vol1:translate:figs_metaphor]]) diff --git a/zep/03/19.md b/zep/03/19.md index d35d9925f..20f709f1e 100644 --- a/zep/03/19.md +++ b/zep/03/19.md @@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ * **the lame** - This refers to people who cannot walk. * **At that time I will bring you together, and at that time I will assemble you together** - The idea is repeated to emphasize that it will certainly happen. This is a doublet. -* **when I restore your fortunes** - when I restore your fortunes- AT: "When I cause you to be strong and successful again" +* **when I restore your fortunes** - AT: "When I cause you to be strong and successful again" * **before your eyes** - "you will see" (See: [[:en:ta:vol2:translate:figs_metonymy]])