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Changes to Ephesians for BP (#1405)

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Larry Sallee 2020-06-24 14:33:03 +00:00 committed by Gogs
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@ -181,12 +181,12 @@ EPH 3 16 rgf5 δῷ 1 would grant “would give”
EPH 3 17 wg1v κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι 1 that Christ may live in your hearts through faith, being rooted and grounded in love This verse continues to describe how Paul wants the Ephesians to be strengthened.
EPH 3 17 q6yy bita-hq κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν 1 that Christ may live in your hearts through faith Here **heart** represents a person’s inner being, and **through** expresses the means by which Christ lives within the believer. Christ lives in the hearts of believers because God graciously allows them to have faith. Alternate translation: “that Christ may live within you because you trust in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
EPH 3 17 g4g1 figs-metaphor ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι 1 being rooted and grounded in love Paul speaks of their faith as if it were a tree that has deep roots or a house built on a solid foundation. Alternate translation: “you will be like a firmly rooted tree and a building built on stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 3 18 abd8 grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would fully know the love of God and be filled with God’s fullness. The reason is that Christ would live in their hearts. This indicates the second things that Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 3 18 bkk6 καταλαβέσθαι 1 so you can understand This second things for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. He asks that they will **understand** understand how much Christ loves them.
EPH 3 18 abd8 grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would fully know the love of God and be filled with God’s fullness. The reason is that Christ would live in their hearts. This indicates the second thing that Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 3 18 bkk6 ἵνα ἐξισχύσητε καταλαβέσθαι 1 so that you may be fully able to comprehend This is the second thing for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. He asks that they will understand how much Christ loves them.
EPH 3 18 uu6l πᾶσιν τοῖς ἁγίοις 1 all the saints “all the believers in Christ”
EPH 3 18 ef4t figs-metaphor τὸ πλάτος, καὶ μῆκος, καὶ ὕψος, καὶ βάθος 1 the width and length and height and depth Possible meanings are (1) these words describe the greatness of God’s wisdom, Alternate translation: “how very wise God is” or (2) these word describe the intensity of Christ’s love for us. Alternate translation: “how much Christ loves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 3 18 ef4t figs-metaphor τὸ πλάτος, καὶ μῆκος, καὶ ὕψος, καὶ βάθος 1 the width and length and height and depth Possible meanings are (1) these words describe the greatness of God’s wisdom, Alternate translation: “how very wise God is” or (2) these words describe the intensity of Christ’s love for us. Alternate translation: “how much Christ loves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 3 19 rev9 γνῶναί τε τὴν ὑπερβάλλουσαν τῆς γνώσεως ἀγάπην τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 to know the love of Christ This continues to describe the second thing that Paul prays that the Ephesians will be able to do—to fully know how much Christ loves them. Alternate translation: “so that you can know how great Christ’s love for us is”
EPH 3 19 abd9 grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would be filled with the fulness of God. The reason is that they would know the love of Christ. This indicates the third thing for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 3 19 abd9 grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would be filled with the fullness of God. The reason is that they would know the love of Christ. This indicates the third thing for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 3 19 px4z ἵνα πληρωθῆτε εἰς πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 so that you may be filled with all the fullness of God This is the third item for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. He wants them to be completely filled with the fullness of Christ.
EPH 3 20 jk5c figs-inclusive 0 General Information: The words “we” and “us” in this book continue to include Paul and all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
EPH 3 20 m7gi 0 Connecting Statement: Paul concludes his prayer with a blessing.
@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ EPH 3 20 zxj3 τῷ δὲ 1 Now to him who “Now to God, who”
EPH 3 20 zxt3 ποιῆσαι ὑπέρ ἐκ περισσοῦ ὧν αἰτούμεθα ἢ νοοῦμεν 1 to do exceedingly abundantly above all that we ask or think “to do much more than all that we ask or think” or “to do things that are much greater than all that we ask him for or think about”
EPH 4 intro ang8 0 # Ephesians 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verse 8, which is quoted from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spiritual gifts<br>Spiritual gifts are specific supernatural abilities that the Holy Spirit gives to Christians after they come to believe in Jesus. These spiritual gifts were foundational to developing the church. Paul lists here only some of the spiritual gifts. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>### Unity<br>Paul considers it very important that the church is united. This is a major theme of this chapter.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Old man and new man<br>The term “old man” probably refers to the sinful nature with which a person is born. The “new man” is the new nature or new life that God gives a person after they come to believe in Christ.
EPH 4 1 sb64 0 Connecting Statement: Because of what Paul has been writing to the Ephesians, he tells them how they should live their lives as believers and again emphasizes that believers are to agree with each other.
EPH 4 1 abda grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should walk in a way that is worthy of the Lord. The reason is that God will be glorified in the church for all generations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 1 abda grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should walk in a way that is worthy of the Lord. The reason is that God will be glorified in the church for all generations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 1 uss5 ὁ δέσμιος ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 the prisoner for the Lord “someone who is in prison because of his choice to serve the Lord”
EPH 4 1 zxr1 figs-metaphor ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως 1 to walk worthily of the calling Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one’s life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 4 1 abc5 τῆς κλήσεως ἧς ἐκλήθητε 1 of the calling by which you were called Here **the calling** refers to the fact that God chose them to be his people. Alternate translation: “because God chose you to be his people”
@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ EPH 4 6 bz5i Πατὴρ πάντων…ἐπὶ πάντων…διὰ πάν
EPH 4 7 pp9t 0 General Information: The quote here is from a song that King David wrote.
EPH 4 7 i4za 0 Connecting Statement: Paul reminds believers of the gifts that Christ gives believers to use in the church, which is the whole body of believers.
EPH 4 7 u2bw figs-activepassive ἑνὶ…κάστῳ ἡμῶν ἐδόθη ἡ χάρις 1 to each one of us grace has been given This can be stated using an active form. Alternate translation: “God has given grace to each one of us” or “God gave a gift to each believer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EPH 4 8 abdb grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the scripture says Jesus gave gifts to men. The reason is that every believer has been given a spiritual gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 8 abdb grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the scripture says Jesus gave gifts to men. The reason is that every believer has been given a spiritual gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 8 wj8t ἀναβὰς εἰς ὕψος 1 When he ascended to the heights “When Christ went up into heaven”
EPH 4 9 e5at ἀνέβη 1 he ascended “Christ went up”
EPH 4 9 zu81 καὶ κατέβη 1 he also descended “Christ also came down”
@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ EPH 4 15 i2ff ἐν ἀγάπῃ 1 in love “as the members love one another
EPH 4 16 ll7f bita-hq ἐξ οὗ πᾶν τὸ σῶμα…τὴν αὔξησιν τοῦ σώματος ποιεῖται εἰς οἰκοδομὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἐν ἀγάπῃ 1 from whom the whole body…causes the growth of the body, for building up itself in love Paul uses the human body to describe how Christ causes believers to work together in harmony as the head of a body causes the body parts to work together to grow healthy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
EPH 4 16 l5r6 bita-hq διὰ πάσης ἁφῆς τῆς ἐπιχορηγίας 1 by every supporting ligament A **ligament** is a strong band that connects bones or organs in place in the body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
EPH 4 17 n5cy 0 Connecting Statement: Paul tells them what they should no longer do now that they as believers are sealed by the Holy Spirit of God.
EPH 4 17 abde grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should no longer act as the Gentiles act. The reason is that Christ wants every believer to become spiritually mature and to serve the other believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 17 abde grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should no longer act as the Gentiles act. The reason is that Christ wants every believer to become spiritually mature and to serve the other believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 17 ksr8 τοῦτο οὖν λέγω καὶ μαρτύρομαι ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 Therefore, I say this and strongly urge you in the Lord “Because what I have just said, I will say something more to strongly encourage you because we all belong to the Lord”
EPH 4 17 wcx2 μηκέτι ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν, καθὼς καὶ τὰ ἔθνη περιπατεῖ ἐν ματαιότητι τοῦ νοὸς αὐτῶν 1 to walk no longer as the Gentiles also walk, in futility of their minds “to stop living like the Gentiles with their worthless thoughts”
EPH 4 18 lab7 figs-metaphor ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ 1 They have been darkened in their understanding They no longer think or reason clearly. Alternate translation: “They have darkened their thoughts” or “They are not able to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ EPH 4 22 qw3d figs-metaphor τὸν φθειρόμενον κατὰ τὰς ἐ
EPH 4 23 jy7h figs-activepassive ἀνανεοῦσθαι…τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ νοὸς ὑμῶν 1 to be renewed in the spirit of your minds This may be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: “to allow God to change your attitudes and thoughts” or “to allow God to give you new attitudes and thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
EPH 4 24 x41y ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ὁσιότητι τῆς ἀληθείας 1 in righteousness and holiness of the truth “truly righteous and holy”
EPH 4 24 abc7 figs-metaphor ἐνδύσασθαι τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον 1 to put on the new man Here seeking to have the character qualities of the new man is spoken of as if they were putting them on like clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 4 25 abdi grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would stop acting immorally like they used to live. The reason is that God has created them as new, holy people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 25 abdi grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would stop acting immorally like they used to live. The reason is that God has created them as new, holy people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 25 abn8 ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος 1 putting aside lying “no longer telling lies”
EPH 4 25 abdj grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 because The connecting word **because* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should speak the truth to each other. The reason is that believers are members of the same body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 4 25 zh2g bita-hq ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη 1 we are members of one another Here Paul speaks of the close union of believers with each other as if they were each part of one single body. Alternate translation: “we belong to one another” or “we are all members of God’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ EPH 4 32 w7tk εὔσπλαγχνοι 1 tenderhearted being gentle and compassi
EPH 5 intro tdd2 0 # Ephesians 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the words of verse 14.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Inheritance of the kingdom of Christ<br>This is difficult to understand. Some scholars believe those who continue to practice these things will not inherit eternal life. But God can forgive all the sins listed in this verse. So immoral, impure, or greedy people can still receive eternal life if they repent and believe in Jesus. A more natural reading is “No person who is sexually immoral or indecent, or who is greedy (for this is the same as worshiping idols) will be among God’s people over whom Christ rules as king.” (UST) (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wives, submit to your husbands<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.
EPH 5 1 wus5 0 Connecting Statement: Paul continues to tell the believers how they should and should not live as God’s children.
EPH 5 1 jx2q γίνεσθε οὖν μιμηταὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Therefore be imitators of God “Therefore you should do what God does.” Therefore refers back to [Ephesians 4:32](../04/32.md) which tells why believers should imitate God, because Christ forgave believers.
EPH 5 1 abdp grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should imitate what God is like. The reason is that God has forgiven us through Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 1 abdp grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should imitate what God is like. The reason is that God has forgiven us through Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 1 zen5 figs-simile ὡς τέκνα ἀγαπητά 1 as beloved children God desires us to imitate or follow him since we are his spiritual children. Alternate translation: “as dearly loved children imitate their fathers” or “because you are his children and he loves you dearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
EPH 5 2 ta41 figs-metaphor περιπατεῖτε ἐν ἀγάπῃ 1 walk in love Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one’s life. Alternate translation: “live a life of love” or “always love each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 2 bak1 προσφορὰν καὶ θυσίαν τῷ Θεῷ εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας 1 an offering and sacrifice to God for a fragrant aroma “like a sweet-smelling offering and sacrifice to God”
@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ EPH 5 5 abc6 figs-metaphor ἀκάθαρτος 1 unclean Here being dirty is a m
EPH 5 5 vb16 figs-metaphor κληρονομίαν 1 inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 6 px7p κενοῖς λόγοις 1 empty words words that have no truth to them
EPH 5 6 abds grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 for The connecting word **for** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should not let anyone deceive them with empty words. The reason is that the wrath of God will judge those things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 7 abdt grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should not become partners with evil men. The reason is that God will judge those people in his wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 7 abdt grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should not become partners with evil men. The reason is that God will judge those people in his wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 8 wy9d figs-metaphor ἦτε γάρ ποτε σκότος 1 because formerly you were darkness Just as one cannot see in the dark, so people who love to sin lack spiritual understanding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 8 abdw grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 because The connecting word **because** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers will not become partners with evil men. The reason is that the Ephesian believers are no longer darkness, but are now light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 8 iw4q figs-metaphor νῦν δὲ φῶς ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 but now are light in the Lord Just as one can see in the light, so people whom God has saved understand how to please God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
@ -315,20 +315,20 @@ EPH 5 11 hpl2 figs-metaphor ἐλέγχετε 1 expose them Speaking against the
EPH 5 13 sp1z 0 General Information: It is unknown if this quotation is a combination of quotations from the prophet Isaiah or a quotation from a hymn sung by the believers.
EPH 5 13 abdy grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 But The connecting word **But** introduces a contrast relationship. Hiding the shameful works of darkness now is in contrast to the light exposing them later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EPH 5 13 vqi7 figs-metaphor πᾶν…τὸ φανερούμενον φῶς ἐστιν 1 anything that becomes visible is light “people can clearly see everything that comes into the light.” Paul makes this general statement in order to imply that God’s Word shows people’s actions to be good or bad. The Bible often speaks of God’s truth as if it were light that could reveal the character of something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 14 abdz grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that sinners should allow Christ to shine on them. The reason is that their sins will be revealed by the light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 14 abdz grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that sinners should allow Christ to shine on them. The reason is that their sins will be revealed by the light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 14 z4ar figs-apostrophe ἔγειρε, ὁ καθεύδων, καὶ ἀνάστα ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν 1 Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead Possible meanings are (1) Paul is addressing unbelievers who need to wake up from being dead spiritually just as a person who has died must come alive again in order to respond, or (2) Paul is addressing the Ephesian believers and using death as a metaphor for their spiritual weakness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 14 abcl figs-apostrophe ὁ καθεύδων 1 O sleeper Paul addresses this comment directly to either the Ephesians, or to unbelievers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
EPH 5 14 e873 ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν 1 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To arise from among them speaks of becoming alive again.
EPH 5 14 ma8w figs-you ἐπιφαύσει σοι 1 shine on you Here **you** refers to the **sleeper** and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
EPH 5 14 ym6b figs-metaphor ἐπιφαύσει σοι ὁ Χριστός 1 Christ will shine on you Christ will enable an unbeliever to understand how evil his deeds are and how Christ will forgive him and give him new life, just as light shows what actually is there that darkness hid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 15 du5n figs-parallelism βλέπετε…ἀκριβῶς πῶς περιπατεῖτε, μὴ ὡς ἄσοφοι, ἀλλ’ ὡς σοφοί 1 Watch carefully, therefore, how you walk—not as unwise but as wise Unwise people do not guard themselves against sin. Wise people, however, can identify sin and flee from it. Alternate translation: “Therefore you must be careful to live as a wise person rather than a foolish person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
EPH 5 15 abe0 grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 therefore The connecting word **therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the sinner will walk carefully in the light. The reason is that Christ has shown the light on him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 15 abe0 grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 therefore The connecting word **therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the sinner will walk carefully in the light. The reason is that Christ has shown the light on him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 15 abe1 grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 but The connecting word **but** introduces a contrast relationship. Being unwise is in contrast to being wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EPH 5 15 abe2 figs-ellipsis ὡς σοφοί 1 as wise The verb “walk” is left out. It can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “walk as wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
EPH 5 16 h8b1 figs-metaphor ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν 1 redeeming the time Using time wisely is spoken of as if it were redeeming the time. Alternate translation: “doing the best things you can with your time” or “using time wisely” or “putting time to its best use” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 5 16 lrb6 figs-metonymy ὅτι αἱ ἡμέραι πονηραί εἰσιν 1 because the days are evil The word **days** is a metonym for what people do during those days. Alternate translation: “because the people around you are doing all kinds of evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
EPH 5 16 abe3 grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 because The connecting word **because** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the believers will redeem the time. The reason is that the days are evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 17 abe4 grammar-connect-logic-result διὰ τοῦτο 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the believers will not be foolish, but understand God’s will. The reason is that the days are evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 17 abe4 grammar-connect-logic-result διὰ τοῦτο 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the believers will not be foolish, but understand God’s will. The reason is that the days are evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 5 17 abe5 grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 but The connecting word **but** introduces a contrast relationship. Being foolish is in contrast to understanding God’s will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
EPH 5 18 tz9e 0 Connecting Statement: Paul ends his instructions on how all believers should live.
EPH 5 18 scp1 καὶ μὴ μεθύσκεσθε οἴνῳ 1 And do not get drunk with wine “You should not get drunk from drinking wine”
@ -393,11 +393,11 @@ EPH 6 12 abel grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 but The connecting wor
EPH 6 12 ftu4 figs-explicit πρὸς τοὺς κοσμοκράτορας 1 against the world-controllers Here it is implied that **the world-controllers** refers to powerful spiritual beings. Alternate translation: “against the powerful spiritual beings that rule over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
EPH 6 12 abcn figs-explicit τοῦ σκότους τούτου 1 this darkness Here **darkness** is a metaphor for things that are evil. Alternate translation: “during this present evil time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 13 jrn9 figs-metaphor διὰ τοῦτο, ἀναλάβετε τὴν πανοπλίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Therefore, put on the whole armor of God Christians should use the protective resources God gives them in fighting the devil in the same way a soldier puts on armor to protect himself against his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 13 abem grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that we will put on the whole armor of God. The reason is that we are in a battle against evil spiritual forces. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 6 13 abem grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that we will put on the whole armor of God. The reason is that we are in a battle against evil spiritual forces. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 6 13 cy9h figs-metaphor ἵνα δυνηθῆτε ἀντιστῆναι ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ πονηρᾷ 1 so that you may be able to withstand in the evil day The words **stand firm** represent successfully resisting or fighting something. Alternate translation: “so that you may be able to resist evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 13 aben grammar-connect-logic-goal ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of putting on the whole armor of God is to be able to withstand the attacks of the spiritual forces of darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
EPH 6 14 r5m7 figs-metaphor στῆτε οὖν 1 Stand, therefore The words **stand** represents successfully resisting or fighting something. See how you translated **stand firm** in [Ephesians 6:13](../06/13.md). “So resist evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 14 aben grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 therefore The connecting word **therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers will stand and resist the evil spiritual forces. The reason is that we have put on our spiritual armor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 6 14 aben grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 therefore The connecting word **therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers will stand and resist the evil spiritual forces. The reason is that we have put on our spiritual armor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
EPH 6 14 lbd4 figs-metaphor περιζωσάμενοι τὴν ὀσφὺν ὑμῶν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ 1 having fastened up your robe around your waist with the truth Truth holds everything together for a believer just as a belt holds the clothing of a soldier together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
EPH 6 14 zt21 ἀληθείᾳ…δικαιοσύνης 1 truth…righteousness We are to know the truth and act in ways that please God.
EPH 6 14 abca figs-metaphor ἐνδυσάμενοι τὸν θώρακα τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 having put on the breastplate of righteousness Christians trusting in righteousness is spoken of as if they were soldiers putting on a breastplate to protect himself from enemy attacks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

1 Book Chapter Verse ID SupportReference OrigQuote Occurrence GLQuote OccurrenceNote
181 EPH 3 17 wg1v κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι 1 that Christ may live in your hearts through faith, being rooted and grounded in love This verse continues to describe how Paul wants the Ephesians to be strengthened.
182 EPH 3 17 q6yy bita-hq κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστὸν διὰ τῆς πίστεως ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν 1 that Christ may live in your hearts through faith Here **heart** represents a person’s inner being, and **through** expresses the means by which Christ lives within the believer. Christ lives in the hearts of believers because God graciously allows them to have faith. Alternate translation: “that Christ may live within you because you trust in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
183 EPH 3 17 g4g1 figs-metaphor ἐν ἀγάπῃ, ἐρριζωμένοι καὶ τεθεμελιωμένοι 1 being rooted and grounded in love Paul speaks of their faith as if it were a tree that has deep roots or a house built on a solid foundation. Alternate translation: “you will be like a firmly rooted tree and a building built on stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
184 EPH 3 18 abd8 grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would fully know the love of God and be filled with God’s fullness. The reason is that Christ would live in their hearts. This indicates the second things that Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would fully know the love of God and be filled with God’s fullness. The reason is that Christ would live in their hearts. This indicates the second thing that Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
185 EPH 3 18 bkk6 καταλαβέσθαι ἵνα ἐξισχύσητε καταλαβέσθαι 1 so you can understand so that you may be fully able to comprehend This second things for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. He asks that they will **understand** understand how much Christ loves them. This is the second thing for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. He asks that they will understand how much Christ loves them.
186 EPH 3 18 uu6l πᾶσιν τοῖς ἁγίοις 1 all the saints “all the believers in Christ”
187 EPH 3 18 ef4t figs-metaphor τὸ πλάτος, καὶ μῆκος, καὶ ὕψος, καὶ βάθος 1 the width and length and height and depth Possible meanings are (1) these words describe the greatness of God’s wisdom, Alternate translation: “how very wise God is” or (2) these word describe the intensity of Christ’s love for us. Alternate translation: “how much Christ loves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) Possible meanings are (1) these words describe the greatness of God’s wisdom, Alternate translation: “how very wise God is” or (2) these words describe the intensity of Christ’s love for us. Alternate translation: “how much Christ loves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
188 EPH 3 19 rev9 γνῶναί τε τὴν ὑπερβάλλουσαν τῆς γνώσεως ἀγάπην τοῦ Χριστοῦ 1 to know the love of Christ This continues to describe the second thing that Paul prays that the Ephesians will be able to do—to fully know how much Christ loves them. Alternate translation: “so that you can know how great Christ’s love for us is”
189 EPH 3 19 abd9 grammar-connect-logic-result ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would be filled with the fulness of God. The reason is that they would know the love of Christ. This indicates the third thing for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would be filled with the fullness of God. The reason is that they would know the love of Christ. This indicates the third thing for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
190 EPH 3 19 px4z ἵνα πληρωθῆτε εἰς πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 so that you may be filled with all the fullness of God This is the third item for which Paul prays for the Ephesians. He wants them to be completely filled with the fullness of Christ.
191 EPH 3 20 jk5c figs-inclusive 0 General Information: The words “we” and “us” in this book continue to include Paul and all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
192 EPH 3 20 m7gi 0 Connecting Statement: Paul concludes his prayer with a blessing.
194 EPH 3 20 zxt3 ποιῆσαι ὑπέρ ἐκ περισσοῦ ὧν αἰτούμεθα ἢ νοοῦμεν 1 to do exceedingly abundantly above all that we ask or think “to do much more than all that we ask or think” or “to do things that are much greater than all that we ask him for or think about”
195 EPH 4 intro ang8 0 # Ephesians 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with verse 8, which is quoted from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spiritual gifts<br>Spiritual gifts are specific supernatural abilities that the Holy Spirit gives to Christians after they come to believe in Jesus. These spiritual gifts were foundational to developing the church. Paul lists here only some of the spiritual gifts. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>### Unity<br>Paul considers it very important that the church is united. This is a major theme of this chapter.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Old man and new man<br>The term “old man” probably refers to the sinful nature with which a person is born. The “new man” is the new nature or new life that God gives a person after they come to believe in Christ.
196 EPH 4 1 sb64 0 Connecting Statement: Because of what Paul has been writing to the Ephesians, he tells them how they should live their lives as believers and again emphasizes that believers are to agree with each other.
197 EPH 4 1 abda grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should walk in a way that is worthy of the Lord. The reason is that God will be glorified in the church for all generations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should walk in a way that is worthy of the Lord. The reason is that God will be glorified in the church for all generations. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
198 EPH 4 1 uss5 ὁ δέσμιος ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 the prisoner for the Lord “someone who is in prison because of his choice to serve the Lord”
199 EPH 4 1 zxr1 figs-metaphor ἀξίως περιπατῆσαι τῆς κλήσεως 1 to walk worthily of the calling Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one’s life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
200 EPH 4 1 abc5 τῆς κλήσεως ἧς ἐκλήθητε 1 of the calling by which you were called Here **the calling** refers to the fact that God chose them to be his people. Alternate translation: “because God chose you to be his people”
207 EPH 4 7 pp9t 0 General Information: The quote here is from a song that King David wrote.
208 EPH 4 7 i4za 0 Connecting Statement: Paul reminds believers of the gifts that Christ gives believers to use in the church, which is the whole body of believers.
209 EPH 4 7 u2bw figs-activepassive ἑνὶ…κάστῳ ἡμῶν ἐδόθη ἡ χάρις 1 to each one of us grace has been given This can be stated using an active form. Alternate translation: “God has given grace to each one of us” or “God gave a gift to each believer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
210 EPH 4 8 abdb grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the scripture says Jesus gave gifts to men. The reason is that every believer has been given a spiritual gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the scripture says Jesus gave gifts to men. The reason is that every believer has been given a spiritual gift. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
211 EPH 4 8 wj8t ἀναβὰς εἰς ὕψος 1 When he ascended to the heights “When Christ went up into heaven”
212 EPH 4 9 e5at ἀνέβη 1 he ascended “Christ went up”
213 EPH 4 9 zu81 καὶ κατέβη 1 he also descended “Christ also came down”
234 EPH 4 16 ll7f bita-hq ἐξ οὗ πᾶν τὸ σῶμα…τὴν αὔξησιν τοῦ σώματος ποιεῖται εἰς οἰκοδομὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἐν ἀγάπῃ 1 from whom the whole body…causes the growth of the body, for building up itself in love Paul uses the human body to describe how Christ causes believers to work together in harmony as the head of a body causes the body parts to work together to grow healthy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
235 EPH 4 16 l5r6 bita-hq διὰ πάσης ἁφῆς τῆς ἐπιχορηγίας 1 by every supporting ligament A **ligament** is a strong band that connects bones or organs in place in the body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
236 EPH 4 17 n5cy 0 Connecting Statement: Paul tells them what they should no longer do now that they as believers are sealed by the Holy Spirit of God.
237 EPH 4 17 abde grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should no longer act as the Gentiles act. The reason is that Christ wants every believer to become spiritually mature and to serve the other believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should no longer act as the Gentiles act. The reason is that Christ wants every believer to become spiritually mature and to serve the other believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
238 EPH 4 17 ksr8 τοῦτο οὖν λέγω καὶ μαρτύρομαι ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 Therefore, I say this and strongly urge you in the Lord “Because what I have just said, I will say something more to strongly encourage you because we all belong to the Lord”
239 EPH 4 17 wcx2 μηκέτι ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν, καθὼς καὶ τὰ ἔθνη περιπατεῖ ἐν ματαιότητι τοῦ νοὸς αὐτῶν 1 to walk no longer as the Gentiles also walk, in futility of their minds “to stop living like the Gentiles with their worthless thoughts”
240 EPH 4 18 lab7 figs-metaphor ἐσκοτωμένοι τῇ διανοίᾳ 1 They have been darkened in their understanding They no longer think or reason clearly. Alternate translation: “They have darkened their thoughts” or “They are not able to understand” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
259 EPH 4 23 jy7h figs-activepassive ἀνανεοῦσθαι…τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ νοὸς ὑμῶν 1 to be renewed in the spirit of your minds This may be translated with an active form. Alternate translation: “to allow God to change your attitudes and thoughts” or “to allow God to give you new attitudes and thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
260 EPH 4 24 x41y ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ καὶ ὁσιότητι τῆς ἀληθείας 1 in righteousness and holiness of the truth “truly righteous and holy”
261 EPH 4 24 abc7 figs-metaphor ἐνδύσασθαι τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον 1 to put on the new man Here seeking to have the character qualities of the new man is spoken of as if they were putting them on like clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
262 EPH 4 25 abdi grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would stop acting immorally like they used to live. The reason is that God has created them as new, holy people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers would stop acting immorally like they used to live. The reason is that God has created them as new, holy people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
263 EPH 4 25 abn8 ἀποθέμενοι τὸ ψεῦδος 1 putting aside lying “no longer telling lies”
264 EPH 4 25 abdj grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 because The connecting word **because* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should speak the truth to each other. The reason is that believers are members of the same body of Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
265 EPH 4 25 zh2g bita-hq ἐσμὲν ἀλλήλων μέλη 1 we are members of one another Here Paul speaks of the close union of believers with each other as if they were each part of one single body. Alternate translation: “we belong to one another” or “we are all members of God’s family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/bita-hq]])
285 EPH 5 intro tdd2 0 # Ephesians 05 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the words of verse 14.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Inheritance of the kingdom of Christ<br>This is difficult to understand. Some scholars believe those who continue to practice these things will not inherit eternal life. But God can forgive all the sins listed in this verse. So immoral, impure, or greedy people can still receive eternal life if they repent and believe in Jesus. A more natural reading is “No person who is sexually immoral or indecent, or who is greedy (for this is the same as worshiping idols) will be among God’s people over whom Christ rules as king.” (UST) (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/eternity]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/life]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/inherit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Wives, submit to your husbands<br>Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.
286 EPH 5 1 wus5 0 Connecting Statement: Paul continues to tell the believers how they should and should not live as God’s children.
287 EPH 5 1 jx2q γίνεσθε οὖν μιμηταὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Therefore be imitators of God “Therefore you should do what God does.” Therefore refers back to [Ephesians 4:32](../04/32.md) which tells why believers should imitate God, because Christ forgave believers.
288 EPH 5 1 abdp grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should imitate what God is like. The reason is that God has forgiven us through Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers should imitate what God is like. The reason is that God has forgiven us through Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
289 EPH 5 1 zen5 figs-simile ὡς τέκνα ἀγαπητά 1 as beloved children God desires us to imitate or follow him since we are his spiritual children. Alternate translation: “as dearly loved children imitate their fathers” or “because you are his children and he loves you dearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
290 EPH 5 2 ta41 figs-metaphor περιπατεῖτε ἐν ἀγάπῃ 1 walk in love Walking is a common way to express the idea of living one’s life. Alternate translation: “live a life of love” or “always love each other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
291 EPH 5 2 bak1 προσφορὰν καὶ θυσίαν τῷ Θεῷ εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας 1 an offering and sacrifice to God for a fragrant aroma “like a sweet-smelling offering and sacrifice to God”
298 EPH 5 5 vb16 figs-metaphor κληρονομίαν 1 inheritance Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
299 EPH 5 6 px7p κενοῖς λόγοις 1 empty words words that have no truth to them
300 EPH 5 6 abds grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 for The connecting word **for** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should not let anyone deceive them with empty words. The reason is that the wrath of God will judge those things. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
301 EPH 5 7 abdt grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should not become partners with evil men. The reason is that God will judge those people in his wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers should not become partners with evil men. The reason is that God will judge those people in his wrath. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
302 EPH 5 8 wy9d figs-metaphor ἦτε γάρ ποτε σκότος 1 because formerly you were darkness Just as one cannot see in the dark, so people who love to sin lack spiritual understanding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
303 EPH 5 8 abdw grammar-connect-logic-result γὰρ 1 because The connecting word **because** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the Ephesian believers will not become partners with evil men. The reason is that the Ephesian believers are no longer darkness, but are now light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
304 EPH 5 8 iw4q figs-metaphor νῦν δὲ φῶς ἐν Κυρίῳ 1 but now are light in the Lord Just as one can see in the light, so people whom God has saved understand how to please God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
315 EPH 5 13 sp1z 0 General Information: It is unknown if this quotation is a combination of quotations from the prophet Isaiah or a quotation from a hymn sung by the believers.
316 EPH 5 13 abdy grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 But The connecting word **But** introduces a contrast relationship. Hiding the shameful works of darkness now is in contrast to the light exposing them later. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
317 EPH 5 13 vqi7 figs-metaphor πᾶν…τὸ φανερούμενον φῶς ἐστιν 1 anything that becomes visible is light “people can clearly see everything that comes into the light.” Paul makes this general statement in order to imply that God’s Word shows people’s actions to be good or bad. The Bible often speaks of God’s truth as if it were light that could reveal the character of something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
318 EPH 5 14 abdz grammar-connect-logic-result διὸ 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that sinners should allow Christ to shine on them. The reason is that their sins will be revealed by the light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that sinners should allow Christ to shine on them. The reason is that their sins will be revealed by the light. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
319 EPH 5 14 z4ar figs-apostrophe ἔγειρε, ὁ καθεύδων, καὶ ἀνάστα ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν 1 Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead Possible meanings are (1) Paul is addressing unbelievers who need to wake up from being dead spiritually just as a person who has died must come alive again in order to respond, or (2) Paul is addressing the Ephesian believers and using death as a metaphor for their spiritual weakness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
320 EPH 5 14 abcl figs-apostrophe ὁ καθεύδων 1 O sleeper Paul addresses this comment directly to either the Ephesians, or to unbelievers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
321 EPH 5 14 e873 ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν 1 from the dead From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To arise from among them speaks of becoming alive again.
322 EPH 5 14 ma8w figs-you ἐπιφαύσει σοι 1 shine on you Here **you** refers to the **sleeper** and is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
323 EPH 5 14 ym6b figs-metaphor ἐπιφαύσει σοι ὁ Χριστός 1 Christ will shine on you Christ will enable an unbeliever to understand how evil his deeds are and how Christ will forgive him and give him new life, just as light shows what actually is there that darkness hid. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
324 EPH 5 15 du5n figs-parallelism βλέπετε…ἀκριβῶς πῶς περιπατεῖτε, μὴ ὡς ἄσοφοι, ἀλλ’ ὡς σοφοί 1 Watch carefully, therefore, how you walk—not as unwise but as wise Unwise people do not guard themselves against sin. Wise people, however, can identify sin and flee from it. Alternate translation: “Therefore you must be careful to live as a wise person rather than a foolish person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
325 EPH 5 15 abe0 grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 therefore The connecting word **therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the sinner will walk carefully in the light. The reason is that Christ has shown the light on him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the sinner will walk carefully in the light. The reason is that Christ has shown the light on him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
326 EPH 5 15 abe1 grammar-connect-logic-contrast δὲ 1 but The connecting word **but** introduces a contrast relationship. Being unwise is in contrast to being wise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
327 EPH 5 15 abe2 figs-ellipsis ὡς σοφοί 1 as wise The verb “walk” is left out. It can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “walk as wise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
328 EPH 5 16 h8b1 figs-metaphor ἐξαγοραζόμενοι τὸν καιρόν 1 redeeming the time Using time wisely is spoken of as if it were redeeming the time. Alternate translation: “doing the best things you can with your time” or “using time wisely” or “putting time to its best use” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
329 EPH 5 16 lrb6 figs-metonymy ὅτι αἱ ἡμέραι πονηραί εἰσιν 1 because the days are evil The word **days** is a metonym for what people do during those days. Alternate translation: “because the people around you are doing all kinds of evil things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
330 EPH 5 16 abe3 grammar-connect-logic-result ὅτι 1 because The connecting word **because** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the believers will redeem the time. The reason is that the days are evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
331 EPH 5 17 abe4 grammar-connect-logic-result διὰ τοῦτο 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that the believers will not be foolish, but understand God’s will. The reason is that the days are evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that the believers will not be foolish, but understand God’s will. The reason is that the days are evil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
332 EPH 5 17 abe5 grammar-connect-logic-contrast ἀλλὰ 1 but The connecting word **but** introduces a contrast relationship. Being foolish is in contrast to understanding God’s will. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast]])
333 EPH 5 18 tz9e 0 Connecting Statement: Paul ends his instructions on how all believers should live.
334 EPH 5 18 scp1 καὶ μὴ μεθύσκεσθε οἴνῳ 1 And do not get drunk with wine “You should not get drunk from drinking wine”
393 EPH 6 12 ftu4 figs-explicit πρὸς τοὺς κοσμοκράτορας 1 against the world-controllers Here it is implied that **the world-controllers** refers to powerful spiritual beings. Alternate translation: “against the powerful spiritual beings that rule over people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
394 EPH 6 12 abcn figs-explicit τοῦ σκότους τούτου 1 this darkness Here **darkness** is a metaphor for things that are evil. Alternate translation: “during this present evil time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
395 EPH 6 13 jrn9 figs-metaphor διὰ τοῦτο, ἀναλάβετε τὴν πανοπλίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ 1 Therefore, put on the whole armor of God Christians should use the protective resources God gives them in fighting the devil in the same way a soldier puts on armor to protect himself against his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
396 EPH 6 13 abem grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 Therefore The connecting word **Therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that we will put on the whole armor of God. The reason is that we are in a battle against evil spiritual forces. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **Therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that we will put on the whole armor of God. The reason is that we are in a battle against evil spiritual forces. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
397 EPH 6 13 cy9h figs-metaphor ἵνα δυνηθῆτε ἀντιστῆναι ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ πονηρᾷ 1 so that you may be able to withstand in the evil day The words **stand firm** represent successfully resisting or fighting something. Alternate translation: “so that you may be able to resist evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
398 EPH 6 13 aben grammar-connect-logic-goal ἵνα 1 so that The connecting phrase **so that** introduces a goal relationship. The goal or purpose of putting on the whole armor of God is to be able to withstand the attacks of the spiritual forces of darkness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal]])
399 EPH 6 14 r5m7 figs-metaphor στῆτε οὖν 1 Stand, therefore The words **stand** represents successfully resisting or fighting something. See how you translated **stand firm** in [Ephesians 6:13](../06/13.md). “So resist evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
400 EPH 6 14 aben grammar-connect-logic-result οὖν 1 therefore The connecting word **therefore* introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers will stand and resist the evil spiritual forces. The reason is that we have put on our spiritual armor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]]) The connecting word **therefore** introduces a result relationship. The result is that believers will stand and resist the evil spiritual forces. The reason is that we have put on our spiritual armor. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result]])
401 EPH 6 14 lbd4 figs-metaphor περιζωσάμενοι τὴν ὀσφὺν ὑμῶν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ 1 having fastened up your robe around your waist with the truth Truth holds everything together for a believer just as a belt holds the clothing of a soldier together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
402 EPH 6 14 zt21 ἀληθείᾳ…δικαιοσύνης 1 truth…righteousness We are to know the truth and act in ways that please God.
403 EPH 6 14 abca figs-metaphor ἐνδυσάμενοι τὸν θώρακα τῆς δικαιοσύνης 1 having put on the breastplate of righteousness Christians trusting in righteousness is spoken of as if they were soldiers putting on a breastplate to protect himself from enemy attacks. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])