Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
2TI	front	intro	s7fk			0		# Introduction to 2 Timothy<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of 2 Timothy<br><br>1. Paul greets Timothy and encourages him to endure hardship as he serves God (1:1-2:13).<br>1. Paul gives general instructions to Timothy (2:14–26).<br>1. Paul warns Timothy about future events and instructs him about how to carry out his service to God (3:1-4:8).<br>1. Paul makes personal remarks (4:9-24).<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of 2 Timothy?<br><br>Paul wrote 2 Timothy. He was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.<br><br>This book is the second letter Paul wrote Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and close friend. Paul wrote this letter while in prison in Rome. Paul would die soon after writing this letter.<br><br>### What is the Book of 2 Timothy about?<br><br>Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matter. The topics he addressed include warnings about false teachers and enduring difficult situations. This letter also shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “2 Timothy” or “Second Timothy.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “Paul’s Second Letter to Timothy” or “The Second Letter to Timothy.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What is the soldier imagery in 2 Timothy?<br><br>As Paul waited in prison, knowing he would die soon, he often spoke of himself as a soldier of Jesus Christ. Soldiers answer to their leaders. In the same way, Christians answer to Jesus. As “soldiers” of Christ, believers are to obey his commands, even if they die as a result.<br><br>### What does it mean that God inspired Scripture?<br><br>God is the true author of Scripture. He inspired the human authors who wrote the books. That means God in some way caused the people to write what they wrote. This is why it is also referred to as God’s word. This implies several things about the Bible. First, the Bible is free from error and can be trusted. Second, we can rely on God to protect the scripture from those who want to distort it or destroy it. Third, God’s word should be translated into all the world’s languages.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### Singular and plural “you”<br><br>In this book, the word “I” refers to Paul. Here the word “you” is almost always singular and refers to Timothy. The exception to this is 4:22. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])<br><br>### What did Paul mean by the expression “in Christ,” “in the Lord,” etc.?<br><br>Paul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.<br><br>### What are the major textual issues in the text of the Book of 2 Timothy?<br><br>For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULT text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.<br><br>* “Because of this, I was appointed a preacher, an apostle, and a teacher” (1:11). Some older versions read, “Because of this, I was appointed a preacher, an apostle, and a teacher to the Gentiles.”<br>* “Warn them before God” (2:14). Some older versions read, “Warn them before the Lord.”<br><br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])<br>
2TI	1	intro	p5lf			0		# 2 Timothy 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Spiritual children<br><br>Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul calls Timothy “beloved child.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Persecution<br>Paul was in prison when he wrote this letter. Paul encourages Timothy to be willing to suffer for the gospel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br>
2TI	1	1	dcr3	figs-inclusive		0	General Information:	In this book, unless otherwise noted, the word “our” refers to Paul (the writer of this letter) and Timothy (the one to whom this letter is written), as well as to all believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
2TI	1	1	ha4l		Παῦλος	1	Paul	Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Also, immediately after introducing the author, you may need to tell to whom the letter is written, as in the UST.
2TI	1	1	vl2g		διὰ θελήματος Θεοῦ	1	through the will of God	“because of God’s will” or “because God wanted it to be so.” Paul became an apostle because God wanted him to be an apostle and not because a human being chose him.
2TI	1	1	e1lg		κατ’	1	according to	Possible meanings are 1) “for the purpose of.” This means that God appointed Paul to tell others about God’s promise of life in Jesus or 2) “in keeping with.” This means that just as God promises that Jesus gives life, by that same will God has made Paul an apostle.
2TI	1	1	m9kv	figs-metaphor	ζωῆς τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	of life that is in Christ Jesus	Paul speaks of “life” as if it were an object inside of Jesus. This refers to the life people receive as a result of belonging to Christ Jesus. Alternate translation: “of the life that we receive as a result of belonging to Christ Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	2	rp5u		Τιμοθέῳ	1	to Timothy	Your language may have a particular way of introducing the person who receives a letter. Also, immediately after introducing the author, you may need to tell to whom the letter is written, as in the UST.
2TI	1	2	ey7g	figs-metaphor	ἀγαπητῷ τέκνῳ	1	beloved child	“dear child” or “child whom I love. Here “child” is a term of great love and approval. It is also likely that Paul introduced Christ to Timothy, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is like my beloved child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	2	w43q		χάρις, ἔλεος, εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ	1	Grace, mercy, and peace from	“May you experience kindness, mercy, and peace within you from” or “I pray that you will have grace, mercy, and peace from”
2TI	1	2	ub7c	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Θεοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ	1	God the Father and	“God, who is the Father, and.” This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]]) Paul could be referring to God here as 1) the Father of Christ, or 2) the Father of believers.
2TI	1	2	yp2q		Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν	1	Christ Jesus our Lord	“Christ Jesus, who is our Lord”
2TI	1	3	tvb7		ᾧ λατρεύω ἀπὸ προγόνων	1	whom I serve from my forefathers	“whom I serve as my ancestors did”
2TI	1	3	ha9d	figs-metaphor	ἐν καθαρᾷ συνειδήσει	1	with a clean conscience	Paul speaks of his conscience as if it could be physically clean. A person with a “clean conscience” does not feel guilty because he has always tried to do what was right. Alternate translation: “knowing I have tried my hardest to do what is right” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	3	rz7s		ὡς ἀδιάλειπτον ἔχω τὴν περὶ σοῦ μνείαν	1	as I constantly remember you	Here “remember” is used to mean “mention” or “talk about.” Alternate translation: “when I mention you continually” or “while I talk about you all the time”
2TI	1	3	pa6q	figs-merism	νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας	1	night and day	Here “night and day” are used together to mean “always.” Alternate translation: “always” or “at all times” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2TI	1	4	kk82	figs-metonymy	μεμνημένος σου τῶν δακρύων	1	I remember your tears	Here “tears” represents crying. Alternate translation: “I remember how you cried for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	1	4	zc8s		ἐπιποθῶν σε ἰδεῖν	1	I long to see you	“I want very much to see you”
2TI	1	4	gu8c	figs-metaphor	χαρᾶς πληρωθῶ	1	I may be filled with joy	Paul speaks of himself as if he were a container that someone could fill. Also, this can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I may be joyful” or “I may have complete joy” or “I may rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	1	5	rhs7	figs-activepassive	ὑπόμνησιν λαβὼν τῆς ἐν σοὶ	1	I have been reminded of your	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I also remember your” or “I also recall your” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	1	5	buc3		τῆς ἐν σοὶ ἀνυποκρίτου πίστεως	1	your genuine faith	“your faith that is real” or “your faith that is sincere”
2TI	1	5	vgz2	figs-metaphor	πίστεως, ἥτις ἐνῴκησεν πρῶτον ἐν τῇ μάμμῃ σου, Λωΐδι, καὶ τῇ μητρί σου, Εὐνίκῃ; πέπεισμαι δὲ ὅτι καὶ ἐν σοί	1	faith, which lived first in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice, and I am convinced that it lives in you also	Paul is speaking of their faith as if it were something that was alive and lived in them. Paul means they have the same sort of faith. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “faith. Lois, your grandmother, and then Eunice, your mother, had this genuine faith in God, and now I am confident that you have this same genuine faith as well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	5	l8wc	translate-names	Λωΐδι…Εὐνίκῃ	1	Lois…Eunice	These are names of women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	1	6	ngi3			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul encourages Timothy to live in power, love, and discipline and not to be ashamed because of Paul’s suffering in prison because of his (Paul’s) faith in Christ.
2TI	1	6	j58k		δι’ ἣν αἰτίαν	1	This is the reason	“For this reason” or “Because of your sincere faith in Jesus”
2TI	1	6	h6eq	figs-metaphor	ἀναζωπυρεῖν τὸ χάρισμα	1	to rekindle the gift	Paul speaks about Timothy’s need to start using his gift again as if he were restarting a fire. Alternate translation: “to start using again the gift” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	6	i977		τὸ χάρισμα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὅ ἐστιν ἐν σοὶ διὰ τῆς ἐπιθέσεως τῶν χειρῶν μου	1	the gift of God which is in you through the laying on of my hands	“the gift of God that you received when I laid my hands on you.” This refers to a time when Paul placed his hands on Timothy and prayed that God would give him power from God’s Spirit to enable him to do the work that God had called him to do.
2TI	1	7	h1z3		οὐ…ἔδωκεν ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς πνεῦμα δειλίας, ἀλλὰ δυνάμεως, καὶ ἀγάπης, καὶ σωφρονισμοῦ	1	God did not give us a spirit of fear, but of power and love and discipline	Possible meanings are 1) “spirit” refers to the “Holy Spirit.” Alternate translation: “God’s Holy Spirit does not cause us to be afraid. He causes us to have power and love and discipline” or 2) “spirit” refers to the character of a human being. Alternate translation: “God does not cause us to be afraid but to have power and love and discipline”
2TI	1	7	k6g7		σωφρονισμοῦ	1	discipline	Possible meanings are 1) the power to control ourselves or 2) the power to correct other people who are doing wrong.
2TI	1	8	fk9z		τὸ μαρτύριον	1	of the testimony	“of testifying” or “of telling others”
2TI	1	8	blk9		τὸν δέσμιον αὐτοῦ	1	his prisoner	“a prisoner for his sake” or “a prisoner because I testify about the Lord”
2TI	1	8	ry82	figs-metaphor	συνκακοπάθησον τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ	1	share in suffering for the gospel	Paul speaks of suffering as if it were an object that could be shared or distributed among people. Alternate translation: “suffer with me for the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	8	hi9a		τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ, κατὰ δύναμιν Θεοῦ	1	gospel according to the power of God	“gospel, allowing God to make you strong”
2TI	1	9	ld55		κλήσει ἁγίᾳ	1	with a holy calling	“with a calling that set us apart as his people” or “to be his holy people”
2TI	1	9	ub31		οὐ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα ἡμῶν	1	not according to our works	“not because we did anything to deserve it”
2TI	1	9	kyr5		ἀλλὰ κατὰ ἰδίαν πρόθεσιν καὶ χάριν	1	but according to his own plan and grace	“but because he planned to show us kindness”
2TI	1	9	pq1z		ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	in Christ Jesus	“through our relationship to Christ Jesus”
2TI	1	9	zq7m		πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων	1	before times ever began	“before the world began” or “before time began”
2TI	1	10	h5e5	figs-metaphor	φανερωθεῖσαν δὲ νῦν, διὰ τῆς ἐπιφανείας τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν, Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	God’s salvation has been revealed by the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus	Paul speaks of salvation as if it were an object that could uncovered and shown to people. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has shown how he will save us by sending our Savior Christ Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	1	10	i7cl	figs-metaphor	καταργήσαντος μὲν τὸν θάνατον	1	who put an end to death	Paul speaks of death as if it were an independent process instead of the event of people dying. Alternate translation: “who destroyed death” or “who made it possible for people not to remain dead forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	10	i3wl	figs-metaphor	φωτίσαντος δὲ ζωὴν καὶ ἀφθαρσίαν διὰ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου	1	brought life that never ends to light through the gospel	Paul speaks of teaching about eternal life as if it were an object that could be brought from darkness into light so that people could see it. Alternate translation: “taught what life that never ends is by preaching the gospel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	11	tb9b	figs-activepassive	ἐτέθην ἐγὼ κῆρυξ	1	I was appointed a preacher	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God chose me to be a preacher” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	1	12	j37g		δι’ ἣν αἰτίαν	1	For this cause	“Because I am an apostle”
2TI	1	12	y8l4		καὶ ταῦτα πάσχω	1	I also suffer these things	Paul is referring to being a prisoner.
2TI	1	12	td39		πέπεισμαι	1	I am persuaded	“I am convinced”
2TI	1	12	p6pi	figs-metaphor	τὴν παραθήκην μου φυλάξαι	1	to keep that which I have entrusted to him	Paul is using a metaphor of a person leaving something with another person who is supposed to protect it until he gives it back to the first person. Possible meanings are 1) Paul is trusting Jesus to help him remain faithful, or 2) Paul is trusting that Jesus will ensure that people continue spreading the gospel message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	12	qcu3	figs-metonymy	ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν	1	that day	This refers to the day when God judges all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	1	13	h1qd		ὑποτύπωσιν ἔχε ὑγιαινόντων λόγων, ὧν παρ’ ἐμοῦ ἤκουσας	1	Keep the example of faithful messages that you heard from me	“Keep teaching the correct ideas I have taught you” or “Use how I taught you as a pattern for what and how you should teach”
2TI	1	13	b2ld		ἐν πίστει καὶ ἀγάπῃ τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus	“as you trust in Jesus Christ and love him”
2TI	1	14	i5g5		τὴν καλὴν παραθήκην	1	The good thing	This refers to the work of proclaiming the gospel correctly.
2TI	1	14	cb5q		φύλαξον	1	guard it	Timothy needs to be alert because people will oppose his work, try to make him stop, and distort what he says.
2TI	1	14	a3v2		διὰ Πνεύματος Ἁγίου	1	through the Holy Spirit	“with the power of the Holy Spirit”
2TI	1	15	p6f4	figs-metaphor	ἀπεστράφησάν με	1	turned away from me	This is a metaphor that means they stopped helping Paul. They abandoned Paul because the authorities had thrown him into prison. Alternate translation: “have stopped helping me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	15	x6cc	translate-names	Φύγελος καὶ Ἑρμογένης	1	Phygelus and Hermogenes	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	1	16	e6hl	translate-names	Ὀνησιφόρου	1	Onesiphorus	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	1	16	zz44		τῷ…οἴκῳ	1	to the household	“to the family”
2TI	1	16	td1q	figs-metonymy	τὴν ἅλυσίν μου οὐκ ἐπησχύνθη	1	was not ashamed of my chain	Here “chain” is a metonym for being in prison. Onesiphorus was not ashamed that Paul was in prison but came to visit him frequently. Alternate translation: “was not ashamed that I was in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	1	18	p3di		δῴη αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος, εὑρεῖν ἔλεος παρὰ Κυρίου	1	May the Lord grant to him to find mercy from him	“May Onesiphorus receive mercy from the Lord” or “May the Lord show him mercy”
2TI	1	18	x2dk	figs-metaphor	εὑρεῖν ἔλεος παρὰ Κυρίου	1	to find mercy from him	Paul speaks of mercy as if it were an object that could be found. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	1	18	f3ep	figs-metonymy	ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ	1	on that day	This refers to the day when God will judge all people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	2	intro	k3zn			0		# 2 Timothy 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set words farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with verses 11-13. Paul may be quoting a poem or hymn in these verses.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### We will reign with him<br>Faithful Christians will reign with Christ in the future. (See: rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful)<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Analogies<br>In this chapter, Paul makes several analogies to teach about living as a Christian. He uses analogies of soldiers, athletes, and farmers. Later in the chapter, he uses the analogy of different kinds of containers in a house.<br>
2TI	2	1	t13s			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul pictures Timothy’s Christian life as a soldier’s life, as a farmer’s life, and as an athlete’s life.
2TI	2	1	bll5	figs-metaphor	τέκνον μου	1	my child	Here “child” is a term of great love and approval. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: “who is like my child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	1	e6ex	figs-metaphor	ἐνδυναμοῦ ἐν τῇ χάριτι τῇ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	be strengthened in the grace that is in Christ Jesus	Paul speaks about the motivation and determination that God’s grace allows believers to have. Alternate translation: “let God use the grace he gave you through your relationship to Christ Jesus to make you strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	2	ig9v		διὰ πολλῶν μαρτύρων	1	among many witnesses	“with many witnesses there to agree that what I said is true”
2TI	2	2	kv1m	figs-metaphor	ταῦτα παράθου πιστοῖς ἀνθρώποις	1	entrust them to faithful people	Paul speaks of his instructions to Timothy as if they were objects that Timothy could give to other people and trust them to use correctly. Alternate translation: “commit them” or “teach them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	3	yc1j		συνκακοπάθησον	1	Suffer hardship with me	Possible meanings are 1) “Endure suffering as I do” or 2) “Share in my suffering”
2TI	2	3	juu2	figs-simile	ὡς καλὸς στρατιώτης Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ	1	as a good soldier of Christ Jesus	Paul compares suffering for Christ Jesus to the suffering that a good soldier endures. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2TI	2	4	a4x7		οὐδεὶς στρατευόμενος ἐμπλέκεται ταῖς τοῦ βίου πραγματίαις	1	No soldier serves while entangled in the affairs of this life	“No soldier serves when he is involved in the everyday business of this life” or “When soldiers are serving, they do not get distracted by the ordinary things that people do.” Christ’s servants should not allow everyday life to keep them from working for Christ.
2TI	2	4	p7n5	figs-metaphor	ἐμπλέκεται	1	while entangled	Paul speaks of this distraction as if it were a net that tripped people up as they were walking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	4	d2lg		ῷ στρατολογήσαντι	1	his superior officer	“his leader” or “the one who commands him”
2TI	2	5	d483	figs-explicit	ἀθλῇ τις, οὐ στεφανοῦται, ἐὰν μὴ νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ	1	as an athlete, he is not crowned unless he competes by the rules	Paul is implicitly speaking of Christ’s servants as if they were athletes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	5	xbn6	figs-activepassive	οὐ στεφανοῦται, ἐὰν μὴ νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ	1	he is not crowned unless he competes by the rules	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will crown him as winner only if he competes by the rules” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	2	5	lea8		οὐ στεφανοῦται	1	he is not crowned	“he does not win the prize.” Athletes in Paul’s time were crowned with wreaths made from the leaves of plants when they won competitions.
2TI	2	5	reg6		νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ	1	competes by the rules	“competes according to the rules” or “strictly obeys the rules”
2TI	2	6	wz35	figs-metaphor	τὸν κοπιῶντα γεωργὸν δεῖ πρῶτον τῶν καρπῶν μεταλαμβάνειν	1	It is necessary that the hardworking farmer receive his share of the crops first	This is the third metaphor Paul gives Timothy about working. The reader should understand that Christ’s servants need to work hard. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	7	bdk9		νόει ὃ λέγω	1	Think about what I am saying	Paul gave Timothy word pictures, but he did not completely explain their meanings. He expected Timothy to figure out what he was saying about Christ’s servants.
2TI	2	7	a22q		ἐν πᾶσιν	1	in everything	“about everything”
2TI	2	8	rp96			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul gives Timothy instructions on how to live for Christ, how to suffer for Christ, and how to teach others to live for Christ.
2TI	2	8	mh1k	figs-metaphor	ἐκ σπέρματος Δαυείδ	1	from David’s seed	This is a metaphor that means Jesus descended from David. Alternate translation: “who is a descendant of David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	8	wt31	figs-activepassive	ἐγηγερμένον ἐκ νεκρῶν	1	who was raised from the dead	Here to raise up is an idiom for causing someone who has died to become alive again. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom God caused to live again” or “whom God raised from the dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2TI	2	8	s4vh	figs-metonymy	κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου	1	according to my gospel message	Paul speaks of the gospel message as if it were especially his. He means that this is the gospel message that he proclaims. Alternate translation: “according to the gospel message that I preach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	2	9	t2ax	figs-metonymy	μέχρι δεσμῶν ὡς κακοῦργος	1	to the point of being bound with chains as a criminal	Here “being chained” represents being a prisoner. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to the point of wearing chains as a criminal in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	2	9	pc6t	figs-metaphor	ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐ δέδεται	1	the word of God is not bound	Here “bound” speaks of what happens to a prisoner, and the phrase is a metaphor that means no one can stop God’s message. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “no one can put the word of God in prison” or “no one can stop the word of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	10	aa1x	figs-activepassive	διὰ τοὺς ἐκλεκτούς	1	for those who are chosen	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for the people whom God has chosen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	2	10	j2bk	figs-metaphor	σωτηρίας τύχωσιν τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	may obtain the salvation that is in Christ Jesus	Paul speaks of salvation as if it were an object that could be physically grasped. Alternate translation: “will receive salvation from Christ Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	10	el68		μετὰ δόξης αἰωνίου	1	with eternal glory	“and that they will be forever with him in the glorious place where he is”
2TI	2	11	nr7u		πιστὸς ὁ λόγος	1	This is a trustworthy saying	“These are words you can trust”
2TI	2	11	g6e4	writing-poetry	εἰ γὰρ συναπεθάνομεν, καὶ συνζήσομε	1	If we have died with him, we will also live with him	This is most likely the beginning of a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry, you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
2TI	2	11	in38		συναπεθάνομεν	1	died with him	Paul uses this expression to mean that people share in Christ’s death when they trust in him, deny their own wants, and obey him.
2TI	2	13	y1wj	writing-poetry	εἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν…ἀρνήσασθαι…ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται	1	if we are unfaithful…he cannot deny himself	This is most likely the end of a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry]])
2TI	2	13	ke4w		εἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν	1	if we are unfaithful	“even if we fail God” or “even if we do not do what we believe God wants us to do”
2TI	2	13	ihd4		ἀρνήσασθαι…ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται	1	he cannot deny himself	“he must always act according to his character” or “he cannot act in ways that are the opposite of his real character”
2TI	2	14	u661			0	General Information:	The word “them” may refer to “the teachers” or “the people of the church”
2TI	2	14	r5lq	figs-metaphor	ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	before God	Paul speaks of God’s awareness of Paul as if he is in God’s physical presence. This implies that God will be Timothy’s witness. Alternate translation: “in God’s presence” or “with God as your witness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2TI	2	14	g6p7		μὴ λογομαχεῖν	1	against quarreling about words	Possible meanings are 1) “not to argue about foolish things that people say” or 2) “not to quarrel about what words mean”
2TI	2	14	rke6		ἐπ’ οὐδὲν χρήσιμον	1	it is of no value	“this does not benefit anyone”
2TI	2	15	m3vy		σεαυτὸν, δόκιμον παραστῆσαι τῷ Θεῷ, ἐργάτην ἀνεπαίσχυντον	1	to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no reason to be ashamed	“to present yourself to God as a person who has proven to be worthy and with no cause for shame”
2TI	2	15	rj6y	figs-metaphor	ἐργάτην	1	a worker	Paul presents the idea of Timothy correctly explaining God’s word as if he were a skilled workman. Alternate translation: “like a workman” or “like a worker” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	15	xgz9		ὀρθοτομοῦντα τὸν λόγος τῆς ἀληθείας	1	accurately teaches the word of truth	Possible meanings are 1) “explains the message about the truth correctly” or 2) “explains the true message correctly.”
2TI	2	16	e27q	figs-metaphor	ἐπὶ πλεῖον…προκόψουσιν ἀσεβείας	1	which leads to more and more godlessness	Paul speaks of this kind of talk as if it were something that could physically move to another location, and he speaks of godlessness as if it were that new location. Alternate translation: “which causes people to become more and more ungodly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	17	i73t	figs-simile	ὁ λόγος αὐτῶν ὡς γάγγραινα νομὴν ἕξει	1	Their talk will spread like cancer	Cancer quickly spreads in a person’s body and destroys it. This is a metaphor that means what those people were saying would spread from person to person and harm the faith of those who heard it. Alternate translation: “What they say will spread like an infectious disease” or “Their talk will spread quickly and cause destruction like cancer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
2TI	2	17	x2k6	translate-names	Ὑμέναιος, καὶ Φίλητος	1	Hymenaeus and Philetus	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	2	18	fi9z	figs-metaphor	οἵτινες περὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἠστόχησαν	1	who have gone astray from the truth	Here “gone astray from the truth” is a metaphor for no longer believing or teaching what is true. Alternate translation: “who have started saying things that are not true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	18	pu22		ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι	1	the resurrection has already happened	“God has already raised dead believers to eternal life”
2TI	2	18	ura5		ἀνατρέπουσιν τήν τινων πίστιν	1	they destroy the faith of some	“they cause some people to stop believing”
2TI	2	19	zp5m	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Just as precious and common containers can be used for honorable ways in a wealthy house, any person who turns to God can be used by God in honorable ways in doing good works. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	19	ir1z	figs-metaphor	ὁ…στερεὸς θεμέλιος τοῦ Θεοῦ ἕστηκεν	1	the firm foundation of God stands	Possible meanings are 1) “God’s truth is like a firm foundation” or 2) “God has established his people like a building on a firm foundation” or 3) “God’s faithfulness is like a firm foundation.” In any case, Paul speaks of this idea as if it were a building’s foundation laid in the ground. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	19	nd7t	figs-metonymy	ὁ ὀνομάζων τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου	1	who names the name of the Lord	“who calls on the name of the Lord.” Here “name of the Lord” refers to the Lord himself. Alternate translation: “who calls on the Lord” or “who says he is a believer in Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	2	19	y3bc	figs-metaphor	ἀποστήτω ἀπὸ ἀδικίας	1	depart from unrighteousness	Paul speaks of unrighteousness as if it were a place from which one could leave. Alternate translation: “stop being evil” or “stop doing wrong things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	20	j75l	figs-metaphor	σκεύη χρυσᾶ καὶ ἀργυρᾶ…ξύλινα καὶ ὀστράκινα	1	containers of gold and silver…containers of wood and clay	Here “containers” is a general word for bowls, plates, and pots, which people put food or drink into or on. If your language does not have a general word, use the word for “bowls” or “pots.” Paul is using this as a metaphor to describe different types of people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	20	mt5e		τιμὴν…ἀτιμίαν	1	honorable use…dishonorable	Possible meanings are 1) “special occasions…ordinary times” or 2) “the kinds of activities people do in public…the kinds of activities people do in private.”
2TI	2	21	jm3p	figs-metaphor	ἐκκαθάρῃ ἑαυτὸν ἀπὸ τούτων	1	cleans himself from dishonorable use	Possible meanings are 1) “separates himself from dishonorable people” or 2) “makes himself pure.” In any case, Paul speaks of this process as if it were a person washing himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	21	g79f	figs-metaphor	ἔσται σκεῦος εἰς τιμήν	1	he is an honorable container	Paul speaks about this person as if he were an honorable container. Alternate translation: “he is like the container that is useful for special occasions” or “he is like the container that is useful for activities good people do in public” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	21	mh63	figs-activepassive	ἡγιασμένον εὔχρηστον τῷ Δεσπότῃ, εἰς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἡτοιμασμένον	1	He is set apart, useful to the Master, and prepared for every good work	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Master sets him apart, and he is ready for the Master to use him for every good work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	2	21	nl5d	figs-metaphor	ἡγιασμένον	1	He is set apart	He is not set apart physically or in the sense of location, but instead to fulfill a purpose. Some versions translate this “sanctified,” but the text signals the essential idea of being set apart. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	22	h9p6	figs-metaphor	τὰς δὲ νεωτερικὰς ἐπιθυμίας φεῦγε	1	Flee youthful lusts	Paul speaks about youthful lusts as if they are a dangerous person or animal that Timothy should run away from. Alternate translation: “Completely avoid youthful lusts” or “Absolutely refuse to do the wrong things that young people strongly desire to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	22	srb7	figs-metaphor	δίωκε…δικαιοσύνην	1	Pursue righteousness	Here “Pursue” means the opposite of “Flee.” Paul speaks of righteousness as if it is an object that Timothy should run towards because it will do him good. Alternate translation: “Try your best to obtain righteousness” or “Seek after righteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	22	hg99		μετὰ τῶν	1	with those	Possible meanings are 1) Paul wants Timothy to join with other believers in pursuing righteousness, faith, love, and peace, or 2) Paul wants Timothy to be at peace and not argue with other believers.
2TI	2	22	gl3q	figs-idiom	τῶν ἐπικαλουμένων τὸν Κύριον	1	those who call on the Lord	Here “call on the Lord” is an idiom that means to trust and worship the Lord. Alternate translation: “those who worship the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2TI	2	22	b2ti	figs-metaphor	ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας	1	out of a clean heart	Here “clean” is a metaphor for something pure or sincere. And, “heart” here is a metonym for “thoughts” or “emotions.” Alternate translation: “with a sincere mind” or “with sincerity” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	2	23	tmf7	figs-metonymy	τὰς δὲ μωρὰς καὶ ἀπαιδεύτους ζητήσεις παραιτοῦ	1	refuse foolish and ignorant questions	“refuse to answer foolish and ignorant questions.” Paul means that the people who ask such questions are foolish and ignorant. Alternate translation: “refuse to answer the questions that foolish people who do not want to know the truth ask” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	2	23	kh6p	figs-metaphor	γεννῶσι μάχας	1	they give birth to arguments	Paul speaks of ignorant questions as if they were women giving birth to children. Alternate translation: “they cause arguments” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	25	un9l		ἐν πραΰτητι	1	in meekness	“meekly” or “gently”
2TI	2	25	u6rp		παιδεύοντα τοὺς	1	educate those	“teach those” or “correct those”
2TI	2	25	jt1r	figs-metaphor	μήποτε δώῃ αὐτοῖς ὁ Θεὸς μετάνοιαν	1	God may perhaps give them repentance	Paul speaks of repentance as if it were an object that God could give people. Alternate translation: “God may give them the opportunity to repent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	25	u8dy		εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν ἀληθείας	1	for the knowledge of the truth	“so that they will know the truth”
2TI	2	26	ef3q	figs-metaphor	ἀνανήψωσιν	1	They may become sober again	Paul speaks of sinners learning to think correctly about God as if they were drunk people becoming sober again. Alternate translation: “They may think correctly again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	26	mql8	figs-metaphor	ἐκ τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου παγίδος	1	leave the devil’s trap	Paul speaks of the devil’s ability to convince Christians to sin as if it were a trap. Alternate translation: “stop doing what the devil wants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	2	26	dj4j	figs-metaphor	ἐζωγρημένοι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ, εἰς τὸ ἐκείνου θέλημα	1	after they have been captured by him for his will	Convincing Christians to sin is spoken of as if the devil had physically captured them and made them his slaves. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “after he has deceived them into obeying his will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	3	intro	k2cr			0		# 2 Timothy 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The “last days” could mean in the future just before Jesus returns. If so, Paul is prophesying in verses 1-9 and 13 about those days. The “last days” could also mean the Christian age, including Paul’s time. If so, what Paul teaches about being persecuted applies to all Christians. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lastday]])<br>
2TI	3	1	j97t			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul lets Timothy know that in the future people will stop believing the truth, but he should continuing trusting God’s word even when he is persecuted.
2TI	3	1	g65r		ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις	1	In the last days	Possible meanings are 1) this is a time later than Paul’s time. Alternate translation: “in the future just before Jesus returns” or 2) this refers to the Christian age, including Paul’s time. Alternate translation: “during this period of time before the end”
2TI	3	1	n7gs		καιροὶ χαλεποί	1	difficult times	These will be days, months, or even years when Christians will endure suffering and danger.
2TI	3	2	jb27		φίλαυτοι	1	lovers of themselves	Here “lovers” refers to brotherly love or love for a friend or family member, a natural human love between friends or relatives. This is not the kind of love that comes from God. Alternate translation: “self-centered”
2TI	3	3	u3n7		ἄστοργοι	1	without natural affection	“not loving their own families”
2TI	3	3	r2uv		ἄσπονδοι	1	unable to reconcile	“not agreeing with anyone” or “not living in peace with anyone”
2TI	3	3	ks9y		ἀφιλάγαθοι	1	not lovers of good	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “haters of good”
2TI	3	4	dw5z		προπετεῖς	1	reckless	doing things either without thinking about what bad things could happen or even knowing that bad things could happen
2TI	3	4	d6ng		τετυφωμένοι	1	conceited	thinking they are better than other people
2TI	3	5	k5dc	figs-metaphor	ἔχοντες μόρφωσιν εὐσεβείας, τὴν δὲ δύναμιν αὐτῆς ἠρνημένοι	1	They will have a shape of godliness, but they will deny its power	Paul speaks of godliness, the habit of honoring God, as if it were a physical object that had a shape and had physical power. Alternate translation: “They will appear to honor God, but they way they act will show that they do not really believe in God’s power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	5	tpe8		ἔχοντες μόρφωσιν εὐσεβείας	1	have a shape of godliness	“appear to have godliness” or “appear to honor God”
2TI	3	5	xm1c	figs-metaphor	τούτους ἀποτρέπου	1	Turn away from these people	“Turn away” here is a metaphor for avoiding someone. Alternate translation: “Avoid these people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	6	gu4b		ἐνδύνοντες εἰς τὰς οἰκίας, καὶ αἰχμαλωτίζοντες	1	enter into households and captivate	“enter into houses and greatly influence”
2TI	3	6	u9m5		γυναικάρια	1	foolish women	“women who are spiritually weak.” These women may be spiritually be weak because they fail to work at becoming godly or because they are idle and have many sins.
2TI	3	6	e9ex	figs-metaphor	σεσωρευμένα ἁμαρτίαις	1	who are heaped up with sins	Paul speaks of the attraction of sin as if sin were heaped up on the backs of these women. Possible meanings are 1) “who sin often” or 2) “who feel terrible guilt because they continue to sin.” The idea is that these men can easily influence these women because the women are unable to stop sinning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	6	izz9	figs-metaphor	ἀγόμενα ἐπιθυμίαις ποικίλαις	1	are led away by various desires	Paul speaks about these various desires as if they could lead another person away. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they desire to sin in various ways rather than obey Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	3	8	m6a7			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul gives an example of two false teachers from the time of Moses and applies it to the way people will be. Paul encourages Timothy to follow his own example and stay in God’s word.
2TI	3	8	b8el	translate-names	Ἰάννης καὶ Ἰαμβρῆς	1	Jannes and Jambres	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	3	8	tgn8	figs-metaphor	ἀντέστησαν	1	stood against	Paul speaks of those who argue against someone as if they were standing against them. Alternate translation: “opposed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	8	dc3z		ἀνθίστανται τῇ ἀληθείᾳ	1	stand against the truth	“oppose the gospel of Jesus”
2TI	3	8	g4kk		ἄνθρωποι κατεφθαρμένοι τὸν νοῦν	1	They are men corrupt in mind	“Their minds are corrupt” or “They cannot think rightly”
2TI	3	8	pfh1		ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν	1	and with regard to the faith they are proven to be false	They have been tested in how well they trust in Christ and obey him, and they have failed the test. Alternate translation: “and without sincere faith” or “and they have shown that their faith is not genuine”
2TI	3	9	c6xx	figs-metaphor	οὐ προκόψουσιν ἐπὶ πλεῖον	1	they will not advance very far	Paul uses an expression about physical movement to mean that the false teachers will not have much success among the believers. Alternate translation: “they will not have much success” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	9	mv4j		ἔκδηλος	1	obvious	something people can easily see
2TI	3	9	z4fu		ἐκείνων	1	of those men	“of Jannes and Jambres”
2TI	3	10	vw42	figs-metaphor	σὺ…παρηκολούθησάς μου τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ	1	you have followed my teaching	Paul speaks of giving close attention to these things as if one were physically following them as they moved. Alternate translation: “you have observed my teaching” or “you have payed close attention to my teaching” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	10	wma6		μου τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ	1	my teaching	“what I have taught you to do”
2TI	3	10	lq3v		τῇ ἀγωγῇ	1	conduct	the way a person lives his life
2TI	3	10	l4pp		τῇ μακροθυμίᾳ	1	longsuffering	one person being patient with those people who do things of which he does not approve
2TI	3	11	r9vk	figs-metaphor	ἐκ πάντων, με ἐρρύσατο ὁ Κύριος	1	Out of them all, the Lord rescued me	Paul speaks of God having stopped him from suffering these hardships and dangers as if God had carried him out of a physical location. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	12	ke7f		ζῆν εὐσεβῶς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	to live in a godly manner in Christ Jesus	“to live godly lives as followers of Jesus”
2TI	3	12	xm9l	figs-activepassive	διωχθήσονται	1	will be persecuted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will certainly have to endure persecution” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	3	13	s7f2		γόητες	1	impostors	An imposter is a person who wants other people to think he is someone other, usually more important, than who he is.
2TI	3	13	imc8		προκόψουσιν ἐπὶ τὸ χεῖρον	1	will go from bad to worse	“will become even more evil”
2TI	3	13	eyx5	figs-metaphor	πλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι	1	leading others and themselves astray	Here, to lead someone astray is a metaphor for persuading someone to believe something that is not true. Alternate translation: “deceiving themselves and others” or “believing lies and teaching lies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	14	ytg9	figs-metaphor	μένε ἐν οἷς ἔμαθες	1	remain in the things that you have learned	Paul speaks of biblical instruction as if it were a place that Timothy could stay in. Alternate translation: “do not forget what you learned” or “continue doing what you have learned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	3	15	w9l5	figs-personification	ἱερὰ γράμματα οἶδας, τὰ δυνάμενά σε σοφίσαι εἰς σωτηρίαν διὰ πίστεως τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ	1	the sacred writings. These are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus	Paul speaks of the sacred writings as if they were a person who could make someone else wise. Alternate translation: “that when you read the word of God, you can become wise so as to receive salvation from Christ Jesus by faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
2TI	3	16	s274	figs-activepassive	πᾶσα Γραφὴ θεόπνευστος	1	All scripture has been inspired by God	Some Bibles translate this as “All scripture is God-breathed.” This means God produced the scripture through his Spirit by telling people what to write. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has spoken all scripture by his Spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	3	16	uv35		ὠφέλιμος	1	It is profitable	“It is useful” or “It is beneficial”
2TI	3	16	vl2n		πρὸς ἐλεγμόν	1	for conviction	“for pointing out errors”
2TI	3	16	e5h9		πρὸς ἐπανόρθωσιν	1	for correction	“for fixing errors”
2TI	3	16	y1hf		πρὸς παιδείαν τὴν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ	1	for training in righteousness	“for training people to be righteous”
2TI	3	17	nb12	figs-gendernotations	ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος	1	the man of God	This means any believer in God whether male or female. Alternate translation: “all believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2TI	3	17	uu7i		ἄρτιος ᾖ…ἐξηρτισμένος	1	may be competent, equipped	“may be completely prepared”
2TI	4	intro	k2xa			0		# 2 Timothy 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### “I give this solemn command”<br>Paul begins to give personal instructions to Timothy.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Crown<br>Scripture uses different kinds of crowns as images for different things. It appears Christ will award the crown in this chapter to believers as a reward for living rightly.<br>
2TI	4	1	t68n			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul continues to remind Timothy to be faithful and that he, Paul, is ready to die.
2TI	4	1	cb15	figs-explicit	διαμαρτύρομαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	this solemn command before God and Christ Jesus	“this solemn command in the presence of God and Christ Jesus.” It is implied that God and Jesus will be Paul’s witnesses. Alternate translation: “this solemn command having as my witnesses God and Christ Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2TI	4	1	eh3x		διαμαρτύρομαι ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	solemn command	“serious command”
2TI	4	1	u32g	figs-merism	ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς	1	the living and the dead	Here “the living” and “the dead” are used together to mean all people. Alternate translation: “all people who have ever lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
2TI	4	1	lwt2	figs-metonymy	νεκρούς, καὶ τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ	1	the dead, and because of his appearing and his kingdom	Here “kingdom” stands for Christ’s rule as king. Alternate translation: “the dead when he returns to rule as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	4	2	j2z7	figs-metonymy	τὸν λόγον	1	the word	“Word” here is a metonym for “message.” Alternate translation: “the message about Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	4	2	zzh4	figs-ellipsis	ἀκαίρως	1	when it is not	Here the word “convenient” is understood. Alternate translation: “when it is not convenient” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
2TI	4	2	g7ax		ἔλεγξον	1	Reprove	tell someone he is guilty of doing wrong
2TI	4	2	u1yc		παρακάλεσον, ἐν πάσῃ μακροθυμίᾳ καὶ διδαχῇ	1	exhort, with all patience and teaching	“exhort, and teach the people, and always be patient with them”
2TI	4	3	jv7a		ἔσται γὰρ καιρὸς ὅτε	1	For the time will come when	“Because at some time in the future”
2TI	4	3	ilx7		ἀνέξονται	1	people	The context indicates that these will be people who are a part of the community of believers.
2TI	4	3	u2cc		τῆς ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας οὐκ ἀνέξονται	1	will not endure sound teaching	“will no longer want to listen to sound teaching”
2TI	4	3	fyl3		τῆς ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας	1	sound teaching	This means the teaching that is true and correct, according to God’s word.
2TI	4	3	e5t2	figs-metaphor	κατὰ τὰς ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας, ἑαυτοῖς ἐπισωρεύσουσιν διδασκάλους	1	they will heap up for themselves teachers according to their own desires	Paul speaks of people obtaining many teachers as if it were putting them into a heap or pile. Alternate translation: “they will listen to many teachers who assure them that there is nothing wrong with their sinful desires” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	3	s375	figs-idiom	κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν	1	who say what their itching ears want to hear	Paul speaks of people strongly wanting to hear something as if their ears itched and could only be satisfied if teachers taught them what they wanted to hear. Alternate translation: “who say only what they want so much to hear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
2TI	4	4	rh2i	figs-metaphor	ἀπὸ μὲν τῆς ἀληθείας τὴν ἀκοὴν ἀποστρέψουσιν	1	They will turn their hearing away from the truth	Paul speaks about people no longer paying attention as if they were physically turning away so they cannot hear. Alternate translation: “They will no longer pay attention to the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	4	xrv7	figs-metaphor	τοὺς μύθους ἐκτραπήσονται	1	they will turn aside to myths	Paul speaks about people starting to pay attention to myths as if they were physically turning towards them to listen. Alternate translation: “they will pay attention to teachings that are not true” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	5	ehz7	figs-metaphor	νῆφε	1	be sober-minded	Paul wants his readers to think correctly about everything, and he speaks about them as if he wanted them to be sober, that is, not drunk with wine. Alternate translation: “think clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	5	tv3k		ἔργον…εὐαγγελιστοῦ	1	the work of an evangelist	This means to tell people about who Jesus is, what he did for them, and how they are to live for him.
2TI	4	6	sh23	figs-metaphor	ἐγὼ…ἤδη σπένδομαι	1	I am already being poured out	Paul speaks of his readiness to die as if he were a cup of wine ready to be poured out as a sacrifice to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	6	fb7l	figs-euphemism	ὁ καιρὸς τῆς ἀναλύσεώς μου ἐφέστηκεν	1	The time of my departure has come	Here “departure” is a polite way of referring to death. Alternate translation: “Soon I will die and leave this world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
2TI	4	7	d9ts	figs-metaphor	τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι	1	I have competed in the good contest	Paul speaks of his hard work as if he had been an athlete competing for a prize. Alternate translation: “I have done my best” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	7	kq83	figs-metaphor	τὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα	1	I have finished the race	Paul speaks of his life of service to God as if he had been running a race on foot. Alternate translation: “I have completed what I needed to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	7	vk2p	figs-metaphor	τὴν πίστιν τετήρηκα	1	I have kept the faith	Paul speaks of his trust in Christ and his obedience to God as if they were a valuable object that he kept in his possession. Possible meanings are 1) “I have been faithful in doing my ministry” or 2) “I have kept the teachings about what we believe from any error” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	8	ujg5	figs-activepassive	ἀπόκειταί μοι ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος	1	The crown of righteousness has been reserved for me	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has reserved the crown of righteousness for me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	4	8	hg8i	figs-metaphor	τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος	1	crown of righteousness	Possible meanings are 1) the crown is the prize that God gives to people who have lived the right way or 2) the crown is a metaphor for righteousness. Just as the judge of a race gives a crown to the winner, when Paul finishes his life, God will declare that Paul is righteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	8	dwn6		στέφανος	1	crown	a wreath made of laurel tree leaves that was given to winners of athletic contests
2TI	4	8	n3k8		ἐν, ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ	1	on that day	“on the day when the Lord comes again” or “on the day when God judges people”
2TI	4	8	uh88	figs-pastforfuture	ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσιν τοῖς ἠγαπηκόσι τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ	1	but also to all those who have loved his appearing	Paul speaks about this event as if it has already happened. It can be stated as a future event. Alternate translation: “but also he will give it to those who are eagerly waiting for him to return” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
2TI	4	9	s7xl			0	Connecting Statement:	Paul talks of specific people and how they behaved, of God’s work for and to him, and then closes with greetings to and from certain people.
2TI	4	9	t8b7		ἐλθεῖν…ταχέως	1	come…quickly	“come…as soon as possible”
2TI	4	10	e4xx	translate-names	Δημᾶς…Κρήσκης…Τίτος	1	Demas…Crescens…Titus	These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	10	ji2l	figs-metonymy	τὸν νῦν αἰῶνα	1	this present world	Here “world” refers to worldly things as opposed to the things of God. Possible meanings are 1) he loves the temporary comforts of this world or 2) he is afraid he will die if he remains with Paul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	4	10	u2qb		Κρήσκης εἰς…Τίτος εἰς	1	Crescens went…and Titus went	These two men had left Paul, but Paul is not saying that they also “love this present world” like Demas.
2TI	4	10	gs61	translate-names	Δαλματίαν	1	Dalmatia	This is the name of a land region. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	11	w21u		μοι εὔχρηστος εἰς διακονίαν	1	he is useful to me in the work	Possible meanings are 1) “he can help me in the ministry” or 2) “he can help me by serving me.”
2TI	4	13	d5rw		φελόνην	1	cloak	a heavy garment worn over clothes
2TI	4	13	v9b6	translate-names	Κάρπῳ	1	Carpus	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	13	k6tj		τὰ βιβλία	1	the books	This refers to scrolls. A scroll was a type of book made of one long sheet of papyrus or leather. After writing on a scroll or reading it, people rolled it up using rods on the ends
2TI	4	13	e395	figs-explicit	μάλιστα τὰς μεμβράνας	1	especially the parchments	This may refer to a specific type of scroll. Alternate translation: “especially those made from animal skins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
2TI	4	14	un4v		Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ χαλκεὺς…ἐνεδείξατο	1	Alexander the coppersmith displayed	“Alexander, who works with metal, displayed”
2TI	4	14	kv94	translate-names	Ἀλέξανδρος	1	Alexander	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	14	jv63	figs-metaphor	πολλά μοι κακὰ ἐνεδείξατο	1	displayed many evil deeds against me	Paul speaks of doing evil deeds as if they were put on display. Alternate translation: “did many evil things to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	14	wbx4	figs-metaphor	ἀποδώσει αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ	1	The Lord will repay him according to his deeds	Paul speaks of punishment as if it were payment. Alternate translation: “The Lord will punish him for what he has done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	14	xrj6		αὐτῷ…αὐτοῦ	1	him…his	Alexander
2TI	4	15	jq91		ὃν	1	him…he	Alexander.
2TI	4	15	i4aj	figs-metonymy	ἀντέστη τοῖς ἡμετέροις λόγοις	1	opposed our words	Here “words” refers to a message or teaching. Alternate translation: “opposed the message that we teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	4	16	v847		ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ μου ἀπολογίᾳ	1	At my first defense	“When I first appeared in court and explained my actions”
2TI	4	16	f2c3		οὐδείς μοι παρεγένετο	1	no one stood with me	“no one stayed with me and helped me”
2TI	4	16	rm2t	figs-activepassive	μὴ αὐτοῖς λογισθείη	1	May it not be counted against them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “May God not count it against them” or “I pray that God does not punish those believers for leaving me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	4	17	t1fw	figs-metaphor	ὁ…Κύριός μοι παρέστη	1	the Lord stood by me	Paul is speaking as if the Lord had physically stood with him. Alternate translation: “the Lord helped me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	17	y69m	figs-activepassive	ἵνα δι’ ἐμοῦ τὸ κήρυγμα πληροφορηθῇ	1	so that, through me, the message might be fully proclaimed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “so that I was able to speak all of the Lord’s message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
2TI	4	17	gsr8	figs-metaphor	ἐρύσθην ἐκ στόματος λέοντος	1	I was rescued out of the lion’s mouth	Paul is speaking about danger as if he had been threatened by a lion. This danger could have been physical, spiritual, or both. Alternate translation: “I was rescued from great danger” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
2TI	4	19	n4zc	figs-metonymy	τὸν Ὀνησιφόρου οἶκον	1	house of Onesiphorus	Here “house” stands for the people who live there. Alternate translation: “family of Onesiphorus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
2TI	4	19	mef8		Ὀνησιφόρου	1	Onesiphorus	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in [2 Timothy 1:16](../01/16.md).
2TI	4	20	lie9	translate-names	Ἔραστος…Τρόφιμον	1	Erastus…Trophimus	These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	20	wp9h	translate-names	Μιλήτῳ	1	Miletus	This is the name of a city to the south of Ephesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	21	p7px	translate-names	Εὔβουλος…Πούδης…Λίνος	1	Eubulus…Pudens, Linus	These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	21	cvc7		σπούδασον…ἐλθεῖν	1	Do your best to come	“Make a way to come”
2TI	4	21	eh95		πρὸ χειμῶνος	1	before winter	“before the cold season”
2TI	4	21	z1j9		ἀσπάζεταί σε Εὔβουλος, καὶ Πούδης, καὶ Λίνος, καὶ Κλαυδία, καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ	1	greets you, also Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers	This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “greets you. Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brothers also greet you”
2TI	4	21	er77	translate-names	Κλαυδία	1	Claudia	This is a female name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
2TI	4	21	mk26	figs-gendernotations	οἱ ἀδελφοὶ	1	all the brothers	Here “brothers” means all believers whether male or female. Alternate translation: “all the believers here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
2TI	4	22	tx26	figs-you	ὁ Κύριος μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματός σου	1	May the Lord be with your spirit	“I pray that the Lord makes your spirit strong.” Here “you” is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
2TI	4	22	k85y	figs-you	ἡ χάρις μεθ’ ὑμῶν	1	May grace be with you	“I pray that the Lord shows his grace to all of you there.” Here “you” is plural and refers to all the believers there with Timothy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
