## "Where have you gleaned today. And where did you go to work? ##

The Hebrews often repeated thing in different words as a way of emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

## who not left off his loyalty ##

"has continued to be loyal." Boaz remembered his obligations to Naomi as a family member. But here, Naomi is probably referring to Yahweh, who was acting through Boaz in order to show his favor and kindness to them in their need.

## to the living ##

"to the people who are still living." Naomi and Ruth were the "living."

## the dead ##

"the people who have already died." Naomi's husband and sons were the "dead."

## near kin to us, one of our kinsmen-redeemers ##

The second phrase repeats and expands the first. This is a Hebrew style of emphasis. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])

## kinsmen-redeemers ##

A kinsman-redeemer was a close male relative that could rescue a childless widow from financial ruin by marrying her and having a child with her. He would also reacquire the land his relatives had lost due to poverty and redeem family members who had sold themselves into slavery.