## Put him under my authority ##

"Put me in charge of him"

## My son will not go down with you ##

"My son will not go with you to Egypt." In 42:8 the word "you" is plural and refers to Jacob's older sons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])

## For his brother is dead and he alone is left ##

The full meaning can be made explicit: "For my wife, Rachel, only had two children. Joseph is dead and Benjamin is the only one left." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

## then you will bring down my gray hair with sorrow to Sheol ##

Here "gray hair" refers to Jacob and emphasizes his old age. Also, "bring down...to Sheol" is another way of saying "cause to die." Alternate translation: "then you will cause me, an old man, to die of sorrow." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])