Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
LUK	front	intro	uk55			0		# Introduction to the Gospel of Luke<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of the Book of Luke<br><br>1. Introduction and purpose for writing (1:1-4)<br>1. Birth of Jesus and his preparation for his ministry (1:5-4:13)<br>1. Jesus’ ministry in Galilee (4:14-9:50)<br>1. Jesus’ journey to Jerusalem<br>- Discipleship (9:51-11:13)<br>- Conflict and Jesus’ grief (11:14-14:35)<br>- Parables about things that are lost and found. Parables about honesty and dishonesty (15:1-16:31)<br>- Kingdom of God (17:1-19:27)<br>- Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem (19:28–-44)<br>1. Jesus in Jerusalem (19:45-21:4)<br>1. Jesus’ teaching about his second coming (21:5–-36)<br>1. Jesus’ death, burial, and resurrection (22:1–-24:53)<br><br>### What is the Gospel of Luke about?<br><br>The Gospel of Luke is one of four books in the New Testament that describe some of the life of Jesus Christ. The authors of the gospels wrote about different aspects of who Jesus was and what he did. Luke wrote his gospel for a person named Theophilus. Luke wrote an accurate description of the life of Jesus so that Theophilus would be certain of what is true. However, Luke expected the gospel to encourage all believers, not just Theophilus.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “The Gospel of Luke” or “The Gospel according to Luke.” Or they may choose a title that may be clearer, for example, “The Good News about Jesus that Luke wrote.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Luke?<br><br>This book does not give the name of the author. The same person who wrote this book also wrote the Book of Acts. In parts of the Book of Acts, the author uses the word “we.” This indicates that the author traveled with Paul. Most scholars think that Luke was this person traveling with Paul. Therefore, since early Christian times, most Christians have thought Luke was the author of both the Book of Luke and the Book of Acts.<br><br>Luke was a medical doctor. His way of writing shows that he was an educated man. He was probably a Gentile. Luke himself probably did not witness what Jesus said and did. But he said that he talked to many people who did.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### What are the roles of women in the Gospel of Luke?<br><br>Luke described women in a very positive way in his gospel. For example, he often showed women being more faithful to God than most men. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]])<br><br>### Why does Luke write so much about the final week of Jesus’ life?<br><br>Luke wrote much about Jesus’ final week. He wanted his readers to think deeply about Jesus’ final week and his death on the cross. He wanted people to understand that Jesus willingly died on the cross so that God could forgive them for sinning against him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What are the Synoptic Gospels?<br><br>The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called the Synoptic Gospels because they have many similar passages. The word “synoptic” means to “see together.”<br><br>The texts are considered “parallel” when they are the same or almost the same among two or three gospels. When translating parallel passages, translators should use the same wording and make them as similar as possible.<br><br>### Why does Jesus refer to himself as the “Son of Man”?<br><br>In the gospels, Jesus called himself the “Son of Man.” It is a reference to Daniel 7:13-14. In this passage there is a person described as a “son of man.” That means the person was someone who looked like a human being. God gave authority to the son of man to rule over the nations forever. And all the people will worship him forever.<br><br>Jews of Jesus’ time did not use “Son of Man” as a title for anyone. Therefore, Jesus used it for himself to help them understand who he truly was. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]])<br><br>Translating the title “Son of Man” can be difficult in many languages. Readers may misunderstand a literal translation. Translators can consider alternatives, such as “The Human One.” It may also be helpful to include a footnote to explain the title.<br><br>### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Luke?<br><br>The following verses are not in the earliest manuscripts. The ULT and UST include these verses, but some other versions do not.<br><br>* “Then an angel from heaven appeared to him, strengthening him. Being in agony, he prayed more earnestly, and his sweat became like great drops of blood falling down upon the ground.” (22:43–44)<br>* “Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.” (23:34)<br><br>The following verse is not included in many modern versions. Some versions put it into square brackets. Translators are advised not to translate this verse. However, if in the translators’ region, there are older versions of the Bible that include this verse, the translators can include it. If they are translated, it should be put inside square brackets ([]) to indicate that it was probably not original to Luke’s Gospel.<br><br>* “For he was required to release one prisoner during the feast” (23:17)<br><br>(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])<br>
LUK	1	intro	f1b5			0		# Luke 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:46-55, 68-79.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “He will be called John”<br><br>Most people in the ancient Near East would give a child the same name as someone in their families. People were surprised that Elizabeth and Zechariah named their son John because there was no one else in their family with that name.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>Luke’s language is simple and straightforward. He does not use many figures of speech.<br>
LUK	1	1	br8r			0	General Information:	Luke explains why he writes to Theophilus.
LUK	1	1	qhd9		περὶ τῶν πεπληροφορημένων ἐν ἡμῖν πραγμάτων	1	concerning the things that have been fulfilled among us	“about those things that have happened among us” or “about those events that have happened among us”
LUK	1	1	hyp6	figs-inclusive	ἐν ἡμῖν	1	among us	No one knows for sure who Theophilus was. If he was a Christian, the word “us” here would include him and so be inclusive, and if not, it would be exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	1	2	hud2	figs-explicit	αὐτόπται καὶ ὑπηρέται γενόμενοι τοῦ λόγου	1	who were eyewitnesses and servants of the word	An “eyewitness” is a person who saw something happen, and a servant of the word is a person who serves God by telling people God’s message. You may need to make it clear how they were servants of the word. Alternate translation: “saw what had happened and served God by telling people his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	2	z9dq	figs-synecdoche	ὑπηρέται…τοῦ λόγου	1	servants of the word	The word “word” is a synecdoche for a message made up of many words. Alternate translation: “servants of the message” or “servants of God’s message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	1	3	fud1		παρηκολουθηκότι	1	having investigated	“carefully researched.” Luke was careful to find out exactly what happened. He probably talked to the different people who saw what happened to make sure that what he wrote down about these events was correct.
LUK	1	3	nr63		κράτιστε Θεόφιλε	1	most excellent Theophilus	Luke said this to show honor and respect for Theophilus. This may mean that Theophilus was an important government official. This section should use the style that your culture uses to address people of high status. Some people may prefer to also put this greeting at the beginning and say, “To…Theophilus” or “Dear…Theophilus.”
LUK	1	3	vhj8		κράτιστε	1	most excellent	“honorable” or “noble”
LUK	1	3	h7q1	translate-names	Θεόφιλε	1	Theophilus	This name means “friend of God.” It may describe this man’s character or it may have been his actual name. Most translations have it as a name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	1	5	b4z8	writing-background		0	General Information:	Zechariah and Elizabeth are introduced. These verses give background information about them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	1	5	kf5y			0	Connecting Statement:	The angel prophesies the birth of John.
LUK	1	5	gb16	writing-newevent	ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Ἡρῴδου βασιλέως τῆς Ἰουδαίας	1	In the days of Herod, king of Judea	The phrase “In the days of” is used to indicate a new event. Alternate translation: “During the time that King Herod ruled over Judea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	1	5	a4q9	writing-participants	ἐγένετο…ἱερεύς τις	1	there was a certain priest	“there was a particular” or “there was a.” This is a way of introducing a new character in a story. Consider how your language does this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	1	5	l228	figs-explicit	ἐφημερίας	1	the division	It is understood that this refers to the priests. Alternate translation: “division of priests” or “group of priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	5	gzw1		Ἀβιά	1	of Abijah	“who descended from Abijah.” Abijah was an ancestor of this group of priests and all of them were descended from Aaron, who was the first Israelite priest.
LUK	1	5	nnu9	figs-explicit	καὶ γυνὴ αὐτῷ ἐκ τῶν θυγατέρων Ἀαρών	1	His wife was from the daughters of Aaron	“His wife was descended from Aaron.” This means she was from the same line of priests as Zechariah. Alternate translation: “His wife was also descended from Aaron” or “Zechariah and his wife Elizabeth were both descended from Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	5	d3ua		ἐκ τῶν θυγατέρων Ἀαρών	1	from the daughters of Aaron	“descended from Aaron”
LUK	1	6	uu87		ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	before God	“in God’s sight” or “in God’s opinion”
LUK	1	6	csc9		πάσαις ταῖς ἐντολαῖς καὶ δικαιώμασιν τοῦ Κυρίου	1	all the commandments and statutes of the Lord	“all that the Lord had commanded and required”
LUK	1	7	c7cj		καὶ	1	But	This contrast word shows that what follows here is the opposite of what is expected. People expected that if they did what was right, God would allow them to have children. Although this couple did what was right, they did not have any children.
LUK	1	8	jr7f		ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it came about	This phrase is used to mark a shift in the story from the background information to the participants.
LUK	1	8	vyl8	figs-explicit	ἐν τῷ ἱερατεύειν αὐτὸν…ἔναντι τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	 while Zechariah was performing his priestly duties before God	It is implied that Zechariah was in God’s temple and that these priestly duties were part of worshiping God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	8	wed9		ἐν τῇ τάξει τῆς ἐφημερίας αὐτοῦ	1	in the order of his division	“when it was his group’s turn” or “when the time came for his group to serve”
LUK	1	9	vq5g	writing-background	κατὰ τὸ ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας, ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι	1	According to the custom of the priesthood…to burn incense	This sentence gives us information about priestly duties. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	1	9	s2vv		τὸ ἔθος	1	the custom	“the traditional method” or “their usual way”
LUK	1	9	pa9c		ἔλαχε	1	he was chosen by lot	A lot was a marked stone that was thrown or rolled on the ground in order to help them decide something. The priests believed that God guided the lot to show them which priest he wanted them to choose.
LUK	1	9	ph9z		τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι	1	to burn incense	The priests were to burn sweet-smelling incense as an offering to God each morning and evening on a special altar inside the temple.
LUK	1	10	bjl6		πᾶν τὸ πλῆθος…τοῦ λαοῦ	1	the whole crowd of people	“A large number of people” or “Many people”
LUK	1	10	ntl8	figs-explicit	ἔξω	1	outside	The courtyard was the enclosed area surrounding the temple. Alternate translation: “outside the temple building” or “in the courtyard outside the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	10	uwu7		τῇ ὥρᾳ	1	at the hour	“at the set time.” It is unclear if this was the morning or evening time for the incense offering.
LUK	1	11	qyk5			0	Connecting Statement:	While Zechariah does his duty in the temple, an angel comes from God to give him a message.
LUK	1	11	b8b7		δὲ	1	Then	This word marks the beginning of the action in the story.
LUK	1	11	c8ss		ὤφθη…αὐτῷ	1	appeared to him	“suddenly came to him” or “was suddenly there with Zechariah.” This expresses that the angel was present with Zechariah, and not simply a vision.
LUK	1	12	r3aa		ἐταράχθη Ζαχαρίας…φόβος ἐπέπεσεν ἐπ’ αὐτόν	1	Zechariah was troubled…fear fell on him	These two phrases mean the same thing, and emphasize how afraid Zechariah was.
LUK	1	12	d1zm		Ζαχαρίας ἰδών	1	When Zechariah saw him	“When Zechariah saw the angel.” Zechariah was afraid because the appearance of the angel was frightening. He had not done anything wrong, so he was not afraid that the angel would punish him.
LUK	1	12	sfb1	figs-metaphor	φόβος ἐπέπεσεν ἐπ’ αὐτόν	1	fear fell on him	Fear is described as if it was something that attacked or overpowered Zechariah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	13	ki8l		μὴ φοβοῦ	1	Do not be afraid	“Stop being afraid of me” or “You do not need to be afraid of me”
LUK	1	13	es4l	figs-activepassive	εἰσηκούσθη ἡ δέησίς σου	1	your prayer has been heard	This can be stated in active form. It is implied that God will give Zechariah what he has asked for. Alternate translation: “God has heard your prayer and will give you what you have asked for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	13	p98p		γεννήσει υἱόν σοι	1	will bear you a son	“have a son for you” or “give birth to your son”
LUK	1	14	n654	figs-doublet	ἔσται χαρά σοι καὶ ἀγαλλίασις	1	There will be joy and gladness to you	The words “joy” and “gladness” mean the same thing and are used to emphasize how great the joy will be. Alternate translation: “you will have great joy” or “you will be very glad” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	1	14	q1p8		ἐπὶ τῇ γενέσει αὐτοῦ	1	at his birth	“because of his birth”
LUK	1	15	td57		ἔσται γὰρ μέγας	1	For he will be great	“This is because. he will be great” Zechariah and the “many” will rejoice because John will be “great in the sight of the Lord.” The rest of verse 15 tells how God wants John to live.
LUK	1	15	sz79		ἔσται…μέγας ἐνώπιον τοῦ Κυρίου	1	he will be great in the sight of the Lord	“he will be a very important person for the Lord” or “God will consider him to be very important”
LUK	1	15	hgb9	figs-activepassive	Πνεύματος Ἁγίου πλησθήσεται	1	he will be filled with the Holy Spirit	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit will empower him” or “the Holy Spirit will guide him” Make sure it does not sound similar to what an evil spirit might do to a person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	15	ie95		ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ	1	from his mother’s womb	“even while he is in his mother’s womb” or “even before he is born”
LUK	1	16	x36x	figs-metaphor	καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπιστρέψει ἐπὶ Κύριον, τὸν Θεὸν αὐτῶν	1	He will turn many of the sons of Israel back to the Lord their God	Here “be turned” is a metaphor for a person repenting and worshiping the Lord. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “He will cause many of the people of Israel to repent and worship the Lord their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	17	c52s		αὐτὸς προελεύσεται ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ	1	he will go as a forerunner before the Lord	Before the Lord comes, he will go and announce to the people that the Lord will come to them.
LUK	1	17	wc9f	figs-idiom	ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ	1	before the Lord	Here “the face of” someone can be an idiom that refers to the that person’s presence. It is sometimes omitted in translation. Alternate translation: “the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	17	p472		ἐν πνεύματι καὶ δυνάμει Ἠλεία	1	in the spirit and power of Elijah	“with the same spirit and power that Elijah had.” The word “spirit” either refers to God’s Holy Spirit or to Elijah’s attitude or way of thinking. Make sure that the word “spirit” does not mean ghost or evil spirit.
LUK	1	17	qe48		ἐπιστρέψαι καρδίας πατέρων ἐπὶ τέκνα	1	to turn back the hearts of the fathers to the children	“persuade fathers to care about their children again” or “cause fathers to restore their relationships with their children”
LUK	1	17	w32h	figs-metaphor	ἐπιστρέψαι καρδίας	1	to turn back the hearts	The heart is spoken of as if it is something that can be turned to go in a different direction. This refers to changing someone’s attitude toward something. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	17	j49j		ἀπειθεῖς	1	the disobedient	Here this refers to people who do not obey the Lord.
LUK	1	17	ujs1	figs-explicit	ἑτοιμάσαι Κυρίῳ λαὸν κατεσκευασμένον	1	make ready for the Lord a people prepared for him	What the people will be prepared to do can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “make ready for the Lord a people who are prepared to believe his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	18	asn2		κατὰ τί γνώσομαι τοῦτο?	1	How will I know this?	“How can I know for sure that what you said will happen?” Here, “know” means to learn by experience, suggesting Zechariah was asking for a sign as proof. Alternate translation: “What can you do to prove to me that this will happen?”
LUK	1	19	p3jn		ἐγώ εἰμι Γαβριὴλ, ὁ παρεστηκὼς ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	I am Gabriel, who stands in the presence of God	This is stated as a rebuke to Zechariah. The presence of Gabriel, coming directly from God, should be enough proof for Zechariah.
LUK	1	19	yp6z		ὁ παρεστηκὼς	1	who stands	“who serves”
LUK	1	19	pd7h	figs-activepassive	ἀπεστάλην λαλῆσαι πρὸς σὲ	1	I was sent to speak to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God sent me to speak to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	20	x9qk		ἰδοὺ	1	Behold	“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important”
LUK	1	20	g5t1	figs-doublet	σιωπῶν καὶ μὴ δυνάμενος λαλῆσαι	1	silent, and not able to speak	These mean the same thing, and are repeated to emphasize the completeness of his silence. Alternate translation: “completely unable to speak” or “not able to speak at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	1	20	q6y3		οὐκ ἐπίστευσας τοῖς λόγοις μου	1	you did not believe my words	“not believe what I said”
LUK	1	20	hgu3		εἰς τὸν καιρὸν αὐτῶν	1	in their proper time	“at the appointed time”
LUK	1	21	e14e		καὶ	1	Now	This marks a shift in the story from what happened inside the temple to what happened outside. Alternate translation: “While that was happening” or “While the angel and Zechariah were talking”
LUK	1	22	h6vt		ἐπέγνωσαν ὅτι ὀπτασίαν ἑώρακεν ἐν τῷ ναῷ. καὶ αὐτὸς ἦν διανεύων αὐτοῖς, καὶ διέμενεν κωφός	1	they realized that he had seen a vision in the temple; and he kept making signs to them, and remained unable to speak	These things probably happened at the same time, and Zechariah’s signs helped the people understand that he had had a vision. It might be helpful to your audience to change the order to show that. Alternate translation: “He kept on making signs to them and remained silent. So they realized that he had seen a vision while he was in the temple”
LUK	1	22	r2ak		ὀπτασίαν	1	a vision	The earlier description indicated that Gabriel actually came to Zechariah in the temple. The people, not knowing that, assumed Zechariah saw a vision.
LUK	1	23	duy9		ἐγένετο	1	It came about that	This phrase moves the story ahead to when Zechariah’s service was ended.
LUK	1	23	sa5y		ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	1	he went away to his home	Zechariah did not live in Jerusalem, where the temple was located. He traveled to his home town.
LUK	1	24	cda2	writing-newevent	μετὰ δὲ ταύτας τὰς ἡμέρας	1	Now after these days	The phrase “these days” refers to the time Zechariah was serving in the temple. It is possible to state more clearly what this refers to. Alternate translation: “After Zechariah’s time of serving at the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	24	hc8d		ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ	1	his wife	“Zechariah’s wife”
LUK	1	24	kpw1		περιέκρυβεν ἑαυτὴν	1	kept herself hidden	“did not leave her house” or “stayed inside by herself”
LUK	1	25	z1xr		οὕτως μοι πεποίηκεν Κύριος	1	This is what the Lord has done for me	This phrase refers to the fact that the Lord allowed her to become pregnant.
LUK	1	25	w8yq		οὕτως	1	This is what	This is a positive exclamation. She is very happy with what the Lord has done for her.
LUK	1	25	pn2a	figs-idiom	ἐπεῖδεν	1	looked upon me with favor	“to look at” here is an idiom that means “to treat” or “to deal with.” Alternate translation: “regarded me kindly” or “had pity on me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	25	lx3p		ὄνειδός μου	1	my disgrace	This refers to the shame she felt when she was not able to have children.
LUK	1	26	qyv8			0	General Information:	The angel Gabriel announces to Mary that she is going to be the mother of the one who is the Son of God.
LUK	1	26	v9w2	figs-explicit	ἐν…τῷ μηνὶ τῷ ἕκτῳ	1	in the sixth month	“in the sixth month of Elizabeth’s pregnancy.” It may be necessary to state this clearly if it would be confused with the sixth month of the year. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	26	rl4c	figs-activepassive	ἀπεστάλη ὁ ἄγγελος Γαβριὴλ ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the angel Gabriel was sent from God	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God told the angel Gabriel to go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	27	is22		παρθένον ἐμνηστευμένην ἀνδρὶ, ᾧ ὄνομα Ἰωσὴφ	1	a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph	Mary’s parents had agreed that Mary would marry Joseph. Though they had not had sexual relations, Joseph would have thought and spoken of her as his wife.
LUK	1	27	tzh2		ἐξ οἴκου Δαυεὶδ	1	of the house of David	“He belonged to the same tribe as David” or “He was a descendant of King David”
LUK	1	27	w9tm	writing-participants	τὸ ὄνομα τῆς παρθένου Μαριάμ	1	the name of the virgin was Mary	This introduces Mary as a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	1	28	i7h4		χαῖρε	1	Greetings	This was a common greeting. It means: “Rejoice” or “Be glad.”
LUK	1	28	bp2n		κεχαριτωμένη!	1	favored one!	“you who have received great grace!” or “you who have received special kindness!”
LUK	1	28	jmq9	figs-idiom	ὁ Κύριος μετὰ σοῦ	1	The Lord is with you	“with you” here is an idiom that implies support and acceptance. Alternate translation: “The Lord is pleased with you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	29	ytx7		ἡ δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ διεταράχθη, καὶ διελογίζετο ποταπὸς εἴη ὁ ἀσπασμὸς οὗτος	1	But she was troubled by his words and she was considering what kind of greeting this might be	Mary understood the meaning of the individual words, but she did not understand why the angel said this amazing greeting to her.
LUK	1	30	d3rx		μὴ φοβοῦ, Μαριάμ	1	Do not be afraid, Mary	The angel does not want Mary to be afraid of his appearance, because God sent him with a positive message.
LUK	1	30	a3eb	figs-idiom	εὗρες…χάριν παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ	1	you have found favor with God	The idiom “to find favor” means to be positively received by someone. The sentence can be altered to show God as the actor. Alternate translation: “God has decided to give you his grace” or “God is showing you his kindness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	31	fi5q		συνλήμψῃ ἐν γαστρὶ, καὶ τέξῃ υἱόν…Ἰησοῦν	1	you will conceive in your womb and bear a son…Jesus	Mary will bear “a son” who will be called “the Son of the Most High.” Jesus is therefore a human son born of a human mother, and he is also the Son of God. These terms should be translated very carefully.
LUK	1	32	z74z		Υἱὸς Ὑψίστου	1	the Son of the Most High	Mary will bear “a son” who will be called “the Son of the Most High.” Jesus is therefore a human son born of a human mother, and he is also the Son of God. These terms should be translated very carefully.
LUK	1	32	ip26	figs-activepassive	κληθήσεται	1	will be called	Possible meanings are 1) “people will call him” or 2) “God will call him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	32	hl55	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Υἱὸς Ὑψίστου	1	the Son of the Most High	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	1	32	lwd9	figs-metonymy	δώσει αὐτῷ…τὸν θρόνον Δαυεὶδ, τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ	1	give him the throne of his ancestor David	The throne represents the king’s authority to rule. Alternate translation: “give him authority to rule as king as his ancestor David did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	33	q516	figs-litotes	τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἔσται τέλος	1	there will be no end to his kingdom	The negative phrase “no end” emphasizes that it continues forever. It could also be stated with a positive phrase. Alternate translation: “his kingdom will never end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
LUK	1	34	cf3b		πῶς ἔσται τοῦτο	1	How will this happen	Though Mary did not understand how it could happen, she did not doubt that it would happen.
LUK	1	34	fqt7	figs-euphemism	ἄνδρα οὐ γινώσκω	1	I have not known a man	Mary used this polite expression to say that she had not engaged in sexual activity. Alternate translation: “I am a virgin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
LUK	1	35	nd3z		Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον ἐπελεύσεται ἐπὶ σέ	1	The Holy Spirit will come upon you	The process of Mary’s conception would begin with the Holy Spirit coming to her.
LUK	1	35	fty4		ἐπελεύσεται ἐπὶ	1	will come upon	“will overtake”
LUK	1	35	x53s		δύναμις Ὑψίστου	1	the power of the Most High	It was God’s “power” that would supernaturally cause Mary to become pregnant even while she still remained a virgin. Make sure this does not imply any physical or sexual union—this was a miracle.
LUK	1	35	mmw4		ἐπισκιάσει σοι	1	will overshadow you	“will cover you like a shadow”
LUK	1	35	vrz6	figs-activepassive	διὸ καὶ τὸ γεννώμενον Ἅγιον κληθήσεται, Υἱὸς Θεοῦ	1	So the holy one to be born will be called the Son of God	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “So they will call the holy one who will be born the Son of God” or “So the baby that will be born will be holy, and people will call him the Son of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	35	jwj3		τὸ…Ἅγιον	1	the holy one	“the holy child” or “the holy baby”
LUK	1	35	k866	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Υἱὸς Θεοῦ	1	the Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	1	36	lx9k		ἰδοὺ…ἡ συγγενίς σου	1	see, your relative	“Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: your relative”
LUK	1	36	ve23		Ἐλεισάβετ, ἡ συγγενίς σου	1	your relative Elizabeth	If you need to state a specific relationship, Elizabeth was probably Mary’s aunt or great-aunt.
LUK	1	36	f88l		καὶ αὐτὴ συνείληφεν υἱὸν ἐν γήρει αὐτῆς	1	has also conceived a son in her old age	“Elizabeth has also become pregnant with a son, even though she is already very old” or “Elizabeth, even though she is old, has also become pregnant and will bear a son.” Make sure it does not sound as though both Mary and Elizabeth were old when they conceived.
LUK	1	36	hck2		μὴν ἕκτος…αὐτῇ	1	the sixth month for her	“the sixth month of her pregnancy”
LUK	1	37	v42f		ὅτι οὐκ…πᾶν ῥῆμα	1	For nothing	“Because nothing” or “This shows that nothing”
LUK	1	37	g7yt	figs-doublenegatives	οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ πᾶν ῥῆμα	1	nothing will be impossible for God	Elizabeth’s pregnancy was proof that God was able to do anything—even enable Mary to become pregnant without her sleeping with a man. The double negatives in this statement can be stated with positive terms. Alternate translation: “God can do anything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	1	38	tef1		ἰδοὺ, ἡ δούλη	1	See, I am the female servant	“Here I am, the female servant” or “I am glad to be the female servant.” She is responding humbly and willingly.
LUK	1	38	kw3g		ἰδοὺ, ἡ δούλη Κυρίου	1	I am the female servant of the Lord	Choose an expression that shows her humility and obedience to the Lord. She was not boasting about being the Lord’s servant.
LUK	1	38	b9ax		γένοιτό μοι	1	May it be done to me	“Let this happen to me.” Mary was expressing her willingness for the things to happen that the angel had told her were about to happen.
LUK	1	39	ka5b	writing-newevent		0	Connecting Statement:	Mary goes to visit her relative Elizabeth, who is going to give birth to John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	1	39	wj5i	figs-idiom	ἀναστᾶσα	1	arose	This idiom means she not only stood up, but also “got ready.” Alternate translation: “started out” or “got ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	39	sii5		τὴν ὀρινὴν	1	the hill country	“the hilly area” or “the mountainous part of Israel”
LUK	1	40	ee51	figs-explicit	εἰσῆλθεν	1	She entered into	It is implied that Mary finished her journey before she went in to Zechariah’s house. This could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “When she arrived, she went” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	41	bx82		καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it happened that	The phrase is used to mark a new event in this part of the story.
LUK	1	41	v99g		ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ αὐτῆς	1	in her womb	“in Elizabeth’s womb”
LUK	1	41	ya5v		ἐσκίρτησεν	1	leaped	moved suddenly
LUK	1	42	r4ka	figs-doublet	καὶ ἀνεφώνησεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ καὶ εἶπεν	1	She exclaimed in a loud voice and said	These two phrases mean the same thing, and are used to emphasize how excited Elizabeth was. They could be combined into one phrase. Alternate translation: “exclaimed loudly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	1	42	f69c	figs-idiom	ἀνεφώνησεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ	1	She exclaimed in a loud voice	This idiom means “increased the volume of her voice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	42	t5e8	figs-idiom	εὐλογημένη σὺ ἐν γυναιξίν	1	Blessed are you among women	The idiom “among women” means “more than any other woman” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	42	bnl2	figs-metaphor	ὁ καρπὸς τῆς κοιλίας σου	1	the fruit of your womb	Mary’s baby is spoken of as if it is the fruit that a plant produces. Alternate translation: “the baby in your womb” or “the baby you will bear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	43	k63f	figs-rquestion	καὶ πόθεν μοι τοῦτο, ἵνα ἔλθῃ ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Κυρίου μου πρὸς ἐμέ?	1	And how has it happened to me that the mother of my Lord should come to me?	Elizabeth is not asking for information. She was showing how surprised and happy she was that the mother of the Lord had come to her. Alternate translation: “How wonderful it is that the mother of my Lord has come to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	1	43	tiu4	figs-123person	ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ Κυρίου μου	1	the mother of my Lord	It can be made clear that Elizabeth was calling Mary “the mother of my Lord” by adding the word “you.” Alternate translation: “you, the mother of my Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	1	44	uq3j		ἰδοὺ γὰρ	1	For see	This phrase alerts Mary to pay attention to Elizabeth’s surprising statement that follows.
LUK	1	44	h54t	figs-metonymy	ὡς ἐγένετο ἡ φωνὴ τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ σου εἰς τὰ ὦτά μου	1	as soon as the sound of your greeting reached to my ears	Hearing a sound is spoken of as if the sound came to the ears. Alternate translation: “when I heard the sound of your greeting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	44	u9db		ἐσκίρτησεν ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει	1	leaped for joy	“moved suddenly with joy” or “turned forcefully because he was so happy”
LUK	1	45	kf73	figs-123person	καὶ μακαρία ἡ πιστεύσασα…τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ Κυρίου	1	Blessed is she who believed…that were told her from the Lord	Elizabeth is talking about Mary to Mary. Alternate translation: “Blessed are you who believed…that were told you from the Lord”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	45	gc1e	figs-activepassive	καὶ μακαρία ἡ πιστεύσασα	1	Blessed is she who believed	The passive verb can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will bless her because she believed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	45	lu4t		ἔσται τελείωσις τοῖς λελαλημένοις	1	there would be a fulfillment of the things that were spoken	“the things would actually happen” or “the things would come true”
LUK	1	45	g8rc	figs-activepassive	τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ Κυρίου	1	the things that were spoken her from the Lord	The word “from” is used here instead of “by” because it was the angel Gabriel whom Mary actually heard speak (see [Luke 1:26] (../01/26.md)), but the message (“the things”) came ultimately from the Lord. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the message that she heard from the Lord” or “the Lord’s message that the angel told her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	46	g7ta			0	General Information:	Mary begins a song of praise to the Lord her Savior.
LUK	1	46	vxj4	figs-synecdoche	μεγαλύνει ἡ ψυχή μου	1	My soul magnifies	The word “soul” refers to the spiritual part of a person. Mary is saying that her worship comes from deep inside her. Alternate translation: “My inner being praises” or “I praise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	1	47	jp51	figs-synecdoche	ἠγαλλίασεν τὸ πνεῦμά μου	1	my spirit has rejoiced	Both “soul” and “spirit” refer to the spiritual part of a person. Mary is saying that her worship comes from deep inside her. Alternate translation: “my heart has rejoiced” or “I rejoice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	1	47	hgz7		ἠγαλλίασεν…ἐπὶ	1	has rejoiced in	“has felt very joyful about” or “was very happy about”
LUK	1	47	usu3		τῷ Θεῷ, τῷ Σωτῆρί μου	1	God my Savior	“God, the One who saves me” or “God, who saves me”
LUK	1	48	zhr5		ὅτι ἐπέβλεψεν	1	For he has looked	“This is because he”
LUK	1	48	k3fv		ἐπέβλεψεν ἐπὶ	1	he has looked at	“looked at with concern” or “cared about”
LUK	1	48	tg6y		ταπείνωσιν	1	low condition	“poverty.” Mary’s family was not rich.
LUK	1	48	gsy2		ἰδοὺ γὰρ	1	For see	This phrase calls attention to the statement that follows.
LUK	1	48	jz61		ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν	1	from now on	“now and in the future”
LUK	1	48	l37l		πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί	1	all generations	“the people in all generations”
LUK	1	49	xng2		ὁ δυνατός	1	the Mighty One	“God, the Powerful One”
LUK	1	49	ze9y	figs-metonymy	τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ	1	his name	Here “name” refers to the entire person of God. Alternate translation: “he” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	50	pz6t		καὶ τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ	1	His mercy	“God’s mercy”
LUK	1	50	ijs2		εἰς γενεὰς καὶ γενεὰς	1	is from generation to generation	“from one generation to the next generation” or “throughout every generation” or “to people in every time period”
LUK	1	51	pb8u	figs-metonymy	ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ	1	He has done mighty deeds with his arm	Here “his arm” is a metonym that stands for God’s power. Alternate translation: “shown that he is very powerful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	51	s51c		διεσκόρπισεν…καρδίας αὐτῶν	1	has scattered…their hearts	“has caused those…hearts to run away in different directions”
LUK	1	51	nt8x	figs-idiom	ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν	1	those who were proud in the thoughts of their hearts	Here “hearts” is a metonym for people’s inner beings. Alternate translation: “who were proud in their thoughts” or “who were proud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	52	ty2j	figs-synecdoche	καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων	1	He has thrown down rulers from their thrones	A throne is a chair that a ruler sits on, and it is a symbol of his authority. If a prince is brought down from his throne, it means he no longer has the authority to reign. Alternate translation: “He has taken away the authority of princes” or “He has made rulers stop ruling” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	1	52	ee3q	figs-metaphor	ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς	1	he has raised up those of low condition	In this word picture, people who are important are higher than people who are less important. Alternate translation: “has made humble people important” or “has given honor to people whom others have not honored” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	52	yuu2		ταπεινούς	1	those of low condition	“in poverty.” See how you translated this in [Luke 1:48](../01/48.md).
LUK	1	53	z2he		πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν	1	He has filled the hungry…the rich he has sent away empty	The contrast between these two opposite actions should be made clear in the translation if possible.
LUK	1	53	l2t3		πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν…πλουτοῦντας ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς	1	filled the hungry with good things	Possible meanings are 1) “given the hungry good food to eat” or 2) “given the needy good things.”
LUK	1	54	d8g6	translate-versebridge		0	General Information:	The UST rearranges these verses into a verse bridge in order to keep the information about Israel together. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
LUK	1	54	xp39		ἀντελάβετο	1	He has helped	“The Lord has helped”
LUK	1	54	g5u1		Ἰσραὴλ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ	1	Israel his servant	If readers confuse this with the man named Israel, it could be translated as “his servant, the nation of Israel” or “Israel, his servants.”
LUK	1	54	hyt3	figs-idiom	μνησθῆναι	1	remembering	God cannot forget. When God “remembers,” it is an idiom that means God acts upon his earlier promise. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	55	qc9k	writing-background	καθὼς ἐλάλησεν πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν	1	as he spoke to our fathers	“just as he promised our ancestors he would do.” This phrase supplies background information about God’s promise to Abraham. Alternate translation: “because he promised our ancestors he would be merciful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	1	55	by4a		τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ	1	his descendants	“Abraham’s descendants”
LUK	1	56	qi11			0	Connecting Statement:	Elizabeth delivers her baby and then Zechariah names their baby.
LUK	1	56	nt87		ὑπέστρεψεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτῆς	1	then returned to her home	“Mary returned to her (Mary’s) house” or “Mary returned to her own house”
LUK	1	57	hfk3		δὲ	1	Now	This word marks the beginning of the next event in the story.
LUK	1	57	dd2i		τοῦ τεκεῖν αὐτήν	1	to deliver her baby	“give birth to her baby”
LUK	1	58	ep8k		οἱ περίοικοι καὶ οἱ συγγενεῖς αὐτῆς	1	Her neighbors and her relatives	“Elizabeth’s neighbors and relatives”
LUK	1	58	j2xc		ἐμεγάλυνεν…τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ μετ’ αὐτῆς	1	had shown his great mercy to her	“been very kind to her”
LUK	1	59	f4ul	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it happened	This phrase is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke starts to tell a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	1	59	gm1k	translate-ordinal	ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ὀγδόῃ	1	on the eighth day	Here “eighth day” refers to the time after the birth of the baby, counted from the first day, which was the day he was born. Alternate translation: “on the eighth day of the baby’s life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	1	59	ya7d	figs-explicit	ἦλθον περιτεμεῖν τὸ παιδίον	1	that they came to circumcise the child	This was often a ceremony where one person circumcised the baby and friends were there to celebrate with the family. Alternate translation: “they came for the baby’s circumcision ceremony” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	59	ip8w		ἐκάλουν αὐτὸ	1	They would have named him	“They were going to name him” or “They wanted to give him the name”
LUK	1	59	fzu1		ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ	1	after the name of his father	“his father’s name”
LUK	1	61	t4e7		τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ	1	by this name	“by that name” or “by the same name”
LUK	1	62	y652		ἐνένευον	1	They made signs	This refers to the people who were there for the circumcision ceremony.
LUK	1	62	ium2		ἐνένευον	1	They made signs	“motioned.” Either Zechariah was unable to hear, as well as speak, or the people assumed that he could not hear.
LUK	1	62	nf8w		τῷ πατρὶ αὐτοῦ	1	to his father	“to the baby’s father”
LUK	1	62	w3kq		τὸ τί ἂν θέλοι καλεῖσθαι αὐτό	1	as to what he wanted him to be named	“what name Zechariah wanted to give the baby”
LUK	1	63	gn28	figs-explicit	καὶ αἰτήσας πινακίδιον	1	His father asked for a writing tablet	It may be helpful to state how Zechariah “asked,” since he could not speak. Alternate translation: “His father used his hands to show the people that he wanted them to give him a writing tablet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	63	qu93		πινακίδιον	1	a writing tablet	“something on which to write”
LUK	1	63	pkc8		ἐθαύμασαν	1	they were astonished	greatly surprised or amazed
LUK	1	64	sdg1	figs-idiom	ἀνεῴχθη…τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ…καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτοῦ	1	his mouth was opened and his tongue was freed	These two phrases are word pictures that together emphasize that Zechariah was suddenly able to speak. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	1	64	mi2u	figs-activepassive	ἀνεῴχθη…τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ…καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτοῦ	1	his mouth was opened and his tongue was freed	These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God opened his mouth and freed his tongue” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	65	qw1j	figs-explicit	καὶ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πάντας φόβος, τοὺς περιοικοῦντας αὐτούς	1	Fear came on all who lived around them	“All who lived around Zechariah and Elizabeth were afraid.” It may be helpful to state clearly why they were afraid. Alternate translation: “All who lived around them were in awe of God because he had done this to Zechariah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	65	g7uh	figs-hyperbole	πάντας…τοὺς περιοικοῦντας αὐτούς	1	all those who heard these things	The word “all” here is a generalization. Alternate translation: “those who lived around them” or “many who lived in that area” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	1	65	pz97	figs-metaphor	ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ὀρεινῇ τῆς Ἰουδαίας διελαλεῖτο πάντα τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα	1	all these matters were being talked about throughout all the hill country of Judea	The phrase “these matters were spread” is a metaphor for people talking about them. The passive verb here can also be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “All these matters were talked about by people throughout all the hill country of Judea” or “People throughout the hill country of Judea talked about all these matters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	66	c7xf		πάντες οἱ ἀκούσαντες	1	All those who heard these things	“All who heard about these matters”
LUK	1	66	l6lt	figs-metaphor	ἔθεντο…ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῶν	1	stored them in their hearts	Thinking often about things that have happened is spoken of as putting those things safely in their hearts. Alternate translation: “thought carefully about these matters” or “thought a lot about these events” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	66	dj7y		τῇ καρδίᾳ…λέγοντες	1	in their hearts, saying	“hearts. They asked”
LUK	1	66	dgq4	figs-rquestion	τί ἄρα τὸ παιδίον τοῦτο ἔσται?	1	What then will this child become?	“What kind of great person will this baby grow up to be?” It is also possible that this question was meant to be a statement of their surprise at what they had heard about the baby. Alternate translation: “What a great man this child will be!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	1	66	xm9c	figs-metonymy	χεὶρ Κυρίου ἦν μετ’ αὐτοῦ	1	the hand of the Lord was with him	The phrase “the hand of the Lord” refers to the Lord’s power. Alternate translation: “the Lord’s power was with him” or “the Lord was working in him powerfully” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	67	khf6			0	Connecting Statement:	Zechariah tells what will happen with his son John.
LUK	1	67	lvd6	figs-activepassive	Ζαχαρίας ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ, ἐπλήσθη Πνεύματος Ἁγίου καὶ ἐπροφήτευσεν	1	his father Zechariah was filled with the Holy Spirit and prophesied	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Holy Spirit filled his father Zechariah, and Zachariah prophesied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	67	ibw6		ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ	1	his father	John’s father
LUK	1	67	fs5y	figs-quotations	ἐπροφήτευσεν λέγων	1	prophesied, saying	Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotes in your language. Alternate translation: “prophesied and said” or “prophesied, and this is what he said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	1	68	jx5n	figs-explicit	ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ	1	the God of Israel	“Israel” here refers to the nation of Israel. The relationship between God and Israel could be stated more directly. Alternate translation: “the God who reigns over Israel” or “the God whom Israel worships” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	68	d67v		τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ	1	his people	“God’s people”
LUK	1	69	g11u	figs-metaphor	ἤγειρεν κέρας σωτηρίας ἡμῖν	1	He has raised up a horn of salvation for us	The horn of an animal is a symbol of its power to defend itself. To raise up here is to bring into existence or to enable to act. The Messiah is spoken of as if he were a horn with the power to save Israel. Alternate translation: “He has brought to us someone with the power to save us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	69	fb9f	figs-metonymy	ἐν οἴκῳ Δαυεὶδ, παιδὸς αὐτοῦ	1	in the house of his servant David	David’s “house” here represents his family, specifically, his descendants. Alternate translation: “in the family of his servant David” or “who is a descendant of his servant David” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	70	w7sf		καθὼς ἐλάλησεν	1	as he spoke	“just as God said”
LUK	1	70	x1q1	figs-metonymy	ἐλάλησεν διὰ στόματος τῶν ἁγίων ἀπ’ αἰῶνος προφητῶν αὐτοῦ	1	he spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets from long ago	God speaking by the prophets’ mouths represents God causing his prophets to say what he wanted them to say. Alternate translation: “he caused his holy prophets who lived long ago to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	71	d13g	figs-abstractnouns	σωτηρίαν ἐξ ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν	1	salvation from our enemies	The abstract noun “salvation” can be expressed with the verbs “save” or “rescue.” Alternate translation: “from long ago). He will save us from our enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	1	71	aye3	figs-parallelism	ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν…πάντων τῶν μισούντων ἡμᾶς	1	our enemies…of all those who hate us	These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how strongly their enemies are against them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	1	71	c6n9	figs-metonymy	χειρὸς	1	hand	The hand is a metonym for the power that the person uses the hand to exercise. Alternate translation: “power” or “control” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	72	w97a		ἔλεος μετὰ	1	to show mercy to	“to be merciful to” or “to act according to his mercy toward”
LUK	1	72	z5wj		μνησθῆναι	1	to remember	Here the word “remember” means to keep a commitment or fulfill something.
LUK	1	73	fv4b		ὅρκον ὃν ὤμοσεν	1	the oath that he swore	These words refer to “his holy covenant” (verse 72).
LUK	1	73	sk92		τοῦ δοῦναι ἡμῖν	1	to grant to us	“to make it possible for us”
LUK	1	74	f4e4	figs-activepassive	ἀφόβως, ἐκ χειρὸς ἐχθρῶν ῥυσθέντας, λατρεύειν αὐτῷ	1	that we, having been delivered out of the hand of our enemies, would serve him without fear	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that we would serve him without fear after he rescued us from the hand of our enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	74	gm55	figs-metonymy	ἐκ χειρὸς ἐχθρῶν	1	out of the hand of our enemies	Here “hand” refers to the control or power a person. This could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “from the control of our enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	1	74	v55j	figs-ellipsis	ἀφόβως	1	without fear	This refers back to the fear of their enemies. Alternate translation: “without being afraid of our enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	1	75	l5n2	figs-abstractnouns	ἐν ὁσιότητι καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ	1	in holiness and righteousness	This can be restated to remove the abstract nouns “holiness” and “righteousness.” Possible meanings are 1) we would serve God in holy and righteous ways. Alternate translation: “doing what is holy and righteous” or 2) we would be holy and righteous. Alternate translation: “being holy and righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	1	75	tn5i	figs-idiom	ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ	1	before him	This is an idiom which means “in his presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	76	f6r1		καὶ σὺ δέ	1	And indeed, you	Zechariah uses this phrase to begin his direct address to his son. You may have a similar way to direct speech in your language.
LUK	1	76	h2vh	figs-activepassive	σὺ…παιδίον, προφήτης…κληθήσῃ	1	you, child, will be called a prophet	People will realize that he is a prophet. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will know that you are a prophet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	1	76	bb3g	figs-euphemism	Ὑψίστου	1	of the Most High	These words are a euphemism for God. Alternate translation: “who serves the Most High” or “who speaks for God Most High” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
LUK	1	76	i1z5		προπορεύσῃ…ἐνώπιον Κυρίου	1	you will go before the Lord	Before the Lord comes, he will go and announce to the people that the Lord will come to them. See how you translated this in [Luke 1:17](../01/17.md).
LUK	1	76	de7t	figs-idiom	ἐνώπιον Κυρίου	1	before the Lord	“the face of” someone can be an idiom that refers to the that person’s presence. It is sometimes omitted in translation. Alternate translation: “the Lord” See how you translated this in [Luke 1:17](../01/17.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	76	z5fg	figs-metaphor	ἑτοιμάσαι ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ	1	to prepare his paths	This is a metaphor that means that John will prepare the people to listen to and believe the Lord’s message. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	77	t6d3	figs-metonymy	τοῦ δοῦναι γνῶσιν σωτηρίας…ἐν ἀφέσει ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν	1	to give knowledge of salvation…by the forgiveness of their sins	The phrase “give knowledge” is a metaphor for teaching. The abstract nouns “salvation” and “forgiveness” can be expressed with the verbs “save” and “forgive.” Alternate translation: “to teach his people salvation through the forgiveness of their sins” or “to teach his people how God saves people by forgiving their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	1	78	vnp1	figs-explicit	διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους Θεοῦ ἡμῶν	1	because of the tender mercy of our God	It might be helpful to state that God’s mercy helps people. Alternate translation: “because God is compassionate and merciful to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	1	78	z861	figs-metaphor	ἀνατολὴ ἐξ ὕψους	1	the sunrise from on high	Light is often a metaphor for truth. Here, the spiritual truth the Savior will provide is spoken of as if it is a sunrise that lights up the earth. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	79	sh2q	figs-metaphor	ἐπιφᾶναι	1	to shine	Light is often a metaphor for truth. Here, the spiritual truth that the Savior will provide is spoken of as if it is a sunrise that lights up the earth (verse 78). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	79	bdp4		ἐπιφᾶναι	1	to shine	“give knowledge to” or “give spiritual light to”
LUK	1	79	fu3r	figs-metaphor	τοῖς ἐν σκότει…καθημένοις	1	those who sit in darkness	Darkness is here a metaphor for the absence of spiritual truth. Here, people who lack spiritual truth are spoken of as if they are sitting in darkness. Alternate translation: “people who do not know the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	1	79	cnh7	figs-doublet	ἐν σκότει καὶ σκιᾷ θανάτου	1	in darkness and in the shadow of death	These two phrases work together to emphasize the deep spiritual darkness of people before God shows them mercy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	1	79	k46q	figs-idiom	σκιᾷ θανάτου	1	in the shadow of death	The shadow often represents something that is about to happen. Here, it refers to approaching death. Alternate translation: “who are about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	1	79	s3eb	figs-metaphor	κατευθῦναι τοὺς πόδας ἡμῶν εἰς ὁδὸν εἰρήνης	1	to guide our feet into the path of peace	Here “guide” is a metaphor for teaching, and “path of peace” is a metaphor for living at peace with God. The phrase “our feet” is a synecdoche that represents the whole person. Alternate translation: “teach us how to live at peace with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	1	80	a324			0	General Information:	This tells briefly about John’s growing years.
LUK	1	80	q2ax		δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Luke quickly moves from the birth of John to the beginning of his ministry as an adult.
LUK	1	80	a8bz		ἐκραταιοῦτο πνεύματι	1	became strong in spirit	“became spiritually mature” or “strengthened his relationship with God”
LUK	1	80	eh9j		ἦν ἐν ταῖς ἐρήμοις	1	was in the wilderness	“lived in the wilderness.” Luke does not say at what age John began to live in the wilderness.
LUK	1	80	qu12		ἕως	1	until	This does not necessarily mark a stopping point. John continued to live out in the desert even after he started preaching publicly.
LUK	1	80	s1nm		ἡμέρας ἀναδείξεως αὐτοῦ	1	the day of his public appearance	“when he began to preach in public”
LUK	1	80	ie4l		ἡμέρας	1	the day	This is used here in the general sense of “the time” or “the occasion.”
LUK	2	intro	dw6t			0		# Luke 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 2:14, 29-32.<br>
LUK	2	1	u9xq			0	General Information:	This gives background to show why Mary and Joseph have to move at the time of Jesus’ birth.
LUK	2	1	c887	writing-newevent	δὲ	1	Now	This word marks the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	2	1	e9m5		ἐγένετο	1	it came about that	This phrase is used to show that this is the beginning of an account. If your language has a way of showing the start of an account, you may use that. Some versions do not include this phrase.
LUK	2	1	jtz3	translate-names	Καίσαρος Αὐγούστου	1	Caesar Augustus	“King Augustus” or “Emperor Augustus.” Augustus was the first emperor of the Roman Empire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	2	1	gda6	figs-idiom	ἐξῆλθεν δόγμα	1	a decree went out	This command was probably carried by messengers throughout the empire. Alternate translation: “sent messengers with a decree ordering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	2	1	tk59	figs-activepassive	ἀπογράφεσθαι πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην	1	that a census be taken of all the people in the world	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that they register all the people living in the world” or “that they count all the people in the world and write down their names” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	1	m39d	figs-synecdoche	τὴν οἰκουμένην	1	the world	Here the word “world” represents only the part of the world that Caesar August ruled. Alternate translation: “the Empire” or “the Roman world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	2	2	q9zw	translate-names	Κυρηνίου	1	Quirinius	Quirinius was appointed to be the governor of Syria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	2	3	s4im		ἐπορεύοντο πάντες	1	everyone went	“everyone started off” or “everyone was going”
LUK	2	3	h5e2	figs-explicit	τὴν ἑαυτοῦ πόλιν	1	his own city	This refers to the cities where people’s ancestors lived. People may have lived in a different city. Alternate translation: “the city in which his ancestors lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	3	d64g		ἀπογράφεσθαι	1	to be registered	“to have their names written in the register” or “to be included in the official count”
LUK	2	4	r81u	translate-versebridge		0	General Information:	The UST rearranges these two verses into a verse bridge in order to make it easier to shorten the sentences. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
LUK	2	4	tp65	writing-participants	καὶ Ἰωσὴφ	1	Joseph also	This introduces Joseph as a new participant in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	2	4	kz78	figs-explicit	εἰς πόλιν Δαυεὶδ, ἥτις καλεῖται Βηθλέεμ	1	to the city of David which is called Bethlehem	The phrase “the city of David” was a name for Bethlehem that tells why Bethlehem was important. Although it was a small town, King David was born there, and there was a prophecy that the Messiah would be born there. Alternate translation: “to Bethlehem, the city of King David” or “to Bethlehem, the town where King David was born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	4	s7a7		διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐξ οἴκου καὶ πατριᾶς Δαυείδ	1	because he was of the house and family line of David	“because Joseph was a descendant of David”
LUK	2	5	ktz2		ἀπογράψασθαι	1	He went to register	This means to report to the officials there so they could include him in the count. Use a term for an official government count if possible.
LUK	2	5	t5as	writing-participants	σὺν Μαριὰμ	1	with Mary	Mary traveled with Joseph from Nazareth. It is likely that women were also taxed, so Mary would have needed to travel and be registered as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	2	5	ne7a		τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ	1	who was engaged to him	“his fiancee” or “who was promised to him.” An engaged couple was considered legally married, but there would not have been physical intimacy between them.
LUK	2	6	ti1x	translate-versebridge		0	General Information:	The UST rearranges these verses into a verse bridge in order to keep together the details about the place they stayed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
LUK	2	6	yj96			0	Connecting Statement:	This tells of the birth of Jesus and the announcement by the angels to the shepherds.
LUK	2	6	qw6j	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it came about that	This phrase marks the beginning of the next event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	2	6	w4is		ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ	1	while they were there	“while Mary and Joseph were in Bethlehem”
LUK	2	6	zr62		ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ τεκεῖν αὐτήν	1	the time came for the birth of her baby	“it was time to give birth to her baby”
LUK	2	7	qq48	figs-explicit	ἐσπαργάνωσεν αὐτὸν	1	wrapped him in long strips of cloth	In some cultures mothers comfort their babies by wrapping them tightly in cloth or a blanket. Alternate translation: “wrapped cloths firmly around him” or “wrapped him tightly in a blanket” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	7	s97r		ἀνέκλινεν αὐτὸν ἐν φάτνῃ	1	laid him in a manger	This was some kind of box or frame that people put hay or other food in for animals to eat. It was most likely clean and may have had something soft and dry like hay in it as a cushion for the baby. Animals were often kept near the home to keep them secure and to feed them easily. Mary and Joseph stayed in a room that was used for animals.
LUK	2	7	yj6j	writing-background	οὐκ ἦν αὐτοῖς τόπος ἐν τῷ καταλύματι	1	there was no room for them in the inn	“there was no space for them to stay in the guest room.” This was probably because so many people went to Bethlehem to register. Luke adds this as background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	2	9	x1y4		ἄγγελος Κυρίου	1	An angel of the Lord	“An angel from the Lord” or “An angel who served the Lord”
LUK	2	9	u2di		ἐπέστη αὐτοῖς	1	appeared to them	“came to the shepherds”
LUK	2	9	ca2k		δόξα Κυρίου	1	the glory of the Lord	The source of the bright light was the glory of the Lord, which appeared at the same time as the angel.
LUK	2	10	hnr7		μὴ φοβεῖσθε	1	Do not be afraid	“Stop being afraid”
LUK	2	10	pw8t		χαρὰν μεγάλην, ἥτις ἔσται παντὶ τῷ λαῷ	1	great joy, which will be to all the people	“that will make all the people very happy”
LUK	2	10	adz8		παντὶ τῷ λαῷ	1	all the people	Some understand this to refer to the Jewish people. Others understand it to refer to all people.
LUK	2	11	z9m2		πόλει Δαυείδ	1	the city of David	This refers to Bethlehem.
LUK	2	12	yj15	figs-activepassive	καὶ τοῦτο ὑμῖν τὸ σημεῖον	1	This will be the sign to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will give you this sign” or “You will see this sign from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	12	snr9		τὸ σημεῖον	1	the sign	“the proof.” This could either be a sign to prove that what the angel was saying was true, or it could be a sign that would help the shepherds recognize the baby.
LUK	2	12	xx57	figs-explicit	ἐσπαργανωμένον	1	wrapped in strips of cloth	This was the normal way that mothers protected and cared for their babies in that culture. See how you translated this in [Luke 2:7](../02/07.md). Alternate translation: “wrapped firmly in a warm blanket” or “wrapped comfortably in a blanket” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	12	bua3		κείμενον ἐν φάτνῃ	1	lying in a manger	This was some kind of box or frame that people put hay or other food in for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [Luke 2:7](../02/07.md).
LUK	2	13	b54a	figs-metaphor	πλῆθος στρατιᾶς οὐρανίου	1	a great multitude from heavena multitude of the heavenly army	These words could refer to a literal army of angels, or it could be a metaphor for an organized group of angels. Alternate translation: “a large group of angels from heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	2	13	e2gp		αἰνούντων τὸν Θεὸν	1	praising God	“giving praise to God”
LUK	2	14	p1fm		δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις Θεῷ	1	Glory to God in the highest	Possible meanings are 1) “Give honor to God in the highest place” or 2) “Give the highest honor to God.”
LUK	2	14	y2b3		ἐπὶ γῆς εἰρήνη ἐν ἀνθρώποις εὐδοκίας	1	on earth, peace among people with whom he is pleased	“may those people on earth with whom God is pleased have peace”
LUK	2	15	au2m		καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It came about that	This phrase is used to mark a shift in the story to what the shepherds did after the angels left.
LUK	2	15	t355		ἀπ’ αὐτῶν	1	from them	“from the shepherds”
LUK	2	15	r1mp		πρὸς ἀλλήλους	1	to each other	“to one another”
LUK	2	15	s4js	figs-inclusive	διέλθωμεν…ἡμῖν	1	Let us go…to us	Since the shepherds were speaking to one another, languages that have inclusive forms for “we” and “us” should use the inclusive form here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
LUK	2	15	ps2r		διέλθωμεν	1	Let us go	“We should”
LUK	2	15	b5xu		τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο τὸ γεγονὸς	1	this thing that has happened	This refers to the birth of the baby, and not to the appearance of the angels.
LUK	2	16	rdi2		κείμενον ἐν τῇ φάτνῃ	1	lying in the manger	A manger is a box or frame that people put hay or other food in for animals to eat. See how you translated this in [Luke 2:7](../02/07.md).
LUK	2	17	n2qz	figs-activepassive	οῦ ῥήματος τοῦ λαληθέντος αὐτοῖς	1	the message that had been told to them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what the angels had told the shepherds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	17	zr1i		τοῦ παιδίου τούτου	1	this child	“the baby”
LUK	2	18	vh9d	figs-activepassive	τῶν λαληθέντων ὑπὸ τῶν ποιμένων πρὸς αὐτούς	1	the things that were spoken to them by the shepherds	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what the shepherds told them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	19	reb7	figs-metaphor	συμβάλλουσα ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῆς	1	pondering them in her heart	A person who thinks is something is very valuable or precious is “treasuring” it. Mary considered the things she was told about her son to be very precious. Alternate translation: “carefully remembering them” or “joyfully remembering them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	2	20	nqv7		ὑπέστρεψαν οἱ ποιμένες	1	shepherds returned	“shepherds went back to the sheep”
LUK	2	20	c9x5	figs-doublet	δοξάζοντες καὶ αἰνοῦντες τὸν Θεὸν	1	glorifying and praising God	These are very similar and emphasize how excited they were about what God had done. Alternate translation: “talking about and praising God’s greatness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	2	21	y6ih			0	General Information:	The laws God gave the Jewish believers told them when to circumcise a boy baby and what sacrifice the parents had to bring.
LUK	2	21	ud24	writing-newevent	ὅτε ἐπλήσθησαν ἡμέραι ὀκτὼ	1	when eight days had passed	This phrase shows the passing of time before this new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	2	21	b2k2		ἐπλήσθησαν ἡμέραι ὀκτὼ	1	eight days had passed	“the end of the eighth day of his life.” The day he was born was counted as the first day.
LUK	2	21	u6sw		ἐκλήθη τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ	1	his name was called	Joseph and Mary gave him his name.
LUK	2	21	km8b	figs-activepassive	τὸ κληθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀγγέλου	1	which he had been called by the angel	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the name the angel had called him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	22	a2t3	writing-newevent	ὅτε ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ αὐτῶν	1	when the days of their purification had passed	This shows the passing of time before this new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	2	22	q9yb	figs-activepassive	αἱ ἡμέραι τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ αὐτῶν	1	the days of their purification	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the number of days that God required” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	22	b65l	figs-explicit	τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ αὐτῶν	1	of their purification	“for them to become ceremonially clean.” You can also state God’s role. Alternate translation: “for God to consider them to be clean again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	22	lr25		παραστῆσαι τῷ Κυρίῳ	1	to present him to the Lord	“to bring him to the Lord” or “to bring him into the Lord’s presence.” This was a ceremony acknowledging God’s claim on the firstborn children who were male.
LUK	2	23	vlb3	figs-activepassive	καθὼς γέγραπται	1	As it is written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “As Moses wrote” or “They did this because Moses wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	23	lnn1	figs-idiom	πᾶν ἄρσεν διανοῖγον μήτραν	1	Every male who opens the womb	“open the womb” here is an idiom that refers to the first baby coming out of the womb. This referred to both animals and people. Alternate translation: “Every firstborn offspring who is a male” or “Every firstborn son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	2	24	ni3s		τὸ εἰρημένον ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Κυρίου	1	what was said in the law of the Lord	“that which the law of the Lord also says.” This is a different place in the law. It refers to all males, whether firstborn or not.
LUK	2	25	st2e			0	Connecting Statement:	When Mary and Joseph are at the temple, they meet two people: Simeon, who praises God and gives a prophecy about the child, and the prophetess Anna.
LUK	2	25	ytp9	writing-participants	ἰδοὺ	1	Behold	The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	2	25	n263		δίκαιος καὶ εὐλαβής	1	was righteous and devout	These abstract terms can be expressed as actions. Alternate translation: “did what was right and feared God” or “obeyed God’s laws and feared God”
LUK	2	25	m5au	figs-metonymy	παράκλησιν τοῦ Ἰσραήλ	1	the consolation of Israel	The word “Israel” is a metonym for the people of Israel. To “console” someone is to give them comfort, or “consolation.” The words “consolation of Israel” are a metonym for the Christ or Messiah who would comfort or bring consolation to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “the one who would comfort the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	2	25	xxw9		Πνεῦμα ἦν Ἅγιον ἐπ’ αὐτόν	1	the Holy Spirit was upon him	“the Holy Spirit was with him.” God was with him in a special way and gave him wisdom and direction in his life.
LUK	2	26	psf8	figs-activepassive	καὶ ἦν αὐτῷ κεχρηματισμένον ὑπὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος τοῦ Ἁγίου	1	It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The Holy Spirit had shown him” or “The Holy Spirit had told him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	26	e6vu		μὴ ἰδεῖν θάνατον πρὶν ἂν ἴδῃ τὸν Χριστὸν Κυρίου	1	he would not see death before he had seen the Lord’s Christ	“he would see the Lord’s Messiah before he died”
LUK	2	27	k53l	figs-activepassive	καὶ ἦλθεν ἐν τῷ Πνεύματι	1	He came in the Spirit	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “As the Holy Spirit directed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	27	uqr6		ἦλθεν	1	He came	Some languages may say “went.”
LUK	2	27	y8la	figs-explicit	εἰς τὸ ἱερόν	1	into the temple	“into the temple courtyard.” Only priests could enter the temple building. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	27	wt3r		τοὺς γονεῖς	1	the parents	“Jesus’ parents”
LUK	2	27	h444		τὸ εἰθισμένον τοῦ νόμου	1	what was the custom of the law	“the custom of the law of God”
LUK	2	28	y5g6		αὐτὸς ἐδέξατο αὐτὸ εἰς τὰς ἀγκάλας	1	he took him into his arms	“Simeon took the infant Jesus into his arms” or “Simeon held Jesus in his arms”
LUK	2	29	m6eg		νῦν ἀπολύεις τὸν δοῦλόν σου…ἐν εἰρήνῃ	1	Now let your servant depart in peace	“I am your servant; let me depart in peace.” Simeon was referring to himself.
LUK	2	29	g3wn	figs-euphemism	ἀπολύεις	1	let…depart	This is a euphemism meaning “die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
LUK	2	29	e8fk	figs-metonymy	κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμά σου	1	according to your word	“Word” here is a metonym for “promise.” Alternate translation: “as you have promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	2	30	b7i6	figs-synecdoche	εἶδον οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου	1	my eyes have seen	This expression means, “I have personally seen” or “I, myself, have seen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	2	30	ekw3	figs-metonymy	τὸ σωτήριόν σου	1	your salvation	This expression refers to the person who would bring salvation—the infant Jesus—whom Simeon was holding. Alternate translation: “the savior whom you sent” or “the one whom you sent to save” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	2	31	zv1j		ὃ ἡτοίμασας	1	which you have prepared	Depending on how you translate the previous phrase, this may need to be changed to “whom you.”
LUK	2	31	qa1y		ἡτοίμασας	1	you have prepared	“have planned” or “caused to happen”
LUK	2	32	n4k3	figs-metaphor	φῶς εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν ἐθνῶν	1	A light for revelation to the Gentiles	This metaphor means that the child will help people to understand God’s will. The Gentiles understanding God’s will is spoken of as if it were people using physical light to see a solid object. You may need to make explicit what it is that the Gentiles will see. Alternate translation: “This child will enable the Gentiles to understand God’s will as light allows people to see clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	32	s5lu	figs-explicit	εἰς ἀποκάλυψιν	1	for revelation	It may be necessary to state what is to be revealed. Alternate translation: “that will reveal God’s truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	32	ur8y		δόξαν λαοῦ σου, Ἰσραήλ	1	glory to your people Israel	“he will be the reason that glory will come to your people Israel”
LUK	2	33	pp9f	figs-activepassive	τοῖς λαλουμένοις περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	what was said about him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that Simeon said about him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	34	xly1		εἶπεν πρὸς Μαριὰμ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ	1	said to Mary his mother	“said to the child’s mother, Mary.” Make sure it does not sound like Mary is the mother of Simeon.
LUK	2	34	p2cy		ἰδοὺ	1	Behold	Simeon used this expression to tell Mary that what he is about to say is extremely important to her.
LUK	2	34	rs67	figs-metaphor	οὗτος κεῖται εἰς πτῶσιν καὶ ἀνάστασιν πολλῶν ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ	1	this child is appointed for the downfall and rising up of many people in Israel	The words “downfall” and “rising up” express turning away from God and drawing closer to God. Alternate translation: “this child will cause many people in Israel to fall away from God or to rise closer to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	35	hak5	figs-metonymy	ἂν ἀποκαλυφθῶσιν ἐκ πολλῶν καρδιῶν διαλογισμοί	1	the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed	Here “hearts” is a metonym for people’s inner beings. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he may reveal the thoughts of many people” or “he may reveal what many people secretly think” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	36	kd1y	writing-participants	καὶ ἦν Ἅννα προφῆτις	1	A prophetess named Anna was also there	This introduces a new participant into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	2	36	c7wx	translate-names	Φανουήλ	1	Phanuel	This is a man’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	2	36	h4ql	translate-numbers	ἔτη ἑπτὰ	1	seven years	“7 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	2	36	b9xe		ἀπὸ τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς	1	after her virginity	“after she married him”
LUK	2	37	byk6	translate-numbers	χήρα ἕως ἐτῶν ὀγδοήκοντα τεσσάρων	1	was a widow for eighty-four years	Possible meanings are 1) she had been a widow for 84 years or 2) she was a widow and was now 84 years old. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	2	37	f2lt	figs-hyperbole	οὐκ ἀφίστατο τοῦ ἱεροῦ	1	never left the temple	This is probably an exaggeration meaning that she spent so much time in the temple that it seemed as though she never left it. Alternate translation: “was always at the temple” or “was often at the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	2	37	a1cg		νηστείαις καὶ δεήσεσιν	1	with fastings and prayers	“by abstaining from food on many occasions and by offering many prayers”
LUK	2	38	c9e4		ἐπιστᾶσα	1	Coming up to them	“approached them” or “went to Mary and Joseph”
LUK	2	38	q1ak	figs-metonymy	λύτρωσιν Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	the redemption of Jerusalem	Here the word “redemption” is used to refer to the person who would do it. Alternate translation: “the one who would redeem Jerusalem” or “the person who would bring God’s blessings and favor back to Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	2	39	xmw8			0	Connecting Statement:	Mary, Joseph, and Jesus leave the town of Bethlehem and return to the city of Nazareth for his childhood.
LUK	2	39	pk9z	figs-activepassive	τὰ κατὰ τὸν νόμον Κυρίου	1	that was according to the law of the Lord	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the law of the Lord required them to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	2	39	g5vg	figs-explicit	πόλιν ἑαυτῶν Ναζαρέτ	1	their own town of Nazareth	This phrase means they lived in Nazareth. Make sure it does not sound like they owned the town. Alternate translation: “the town of Nazareth, where they lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	40	qm1q		πληρούμενον σοφίᾳ	1	being filled with wisdom	“becoming more wise” or “learning what was wise”
LUK	2	40	xr2p		χάρις Θεοῦ ἦν ἐπ’ αὐτό	1	the grace of God was upon him	“God blessed him” or “God was with him in a special way”
LUK	2	41	eg4f			0	Connecting Statement:	When Jesus is 12 years old, he goes to Jerusalem with his family. While he is there, he asks and answers questions of the temple teachers.
LUK	2	41	h6fr	writing-background	ἐπορεύοντο οἱ γονεῖς αὐτοῦ…τῇ ἑορτῇ τοῦ Πάσχα	1	his parents went…the Festival of the Passover	This is background information. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	2	41	q3f4		οἱ γονεῖς αὐτοῦ	1	his parents	“Jesus’ parents”
LUK	2	42	f7e7		ἀναβαινόντων αὐτῶν	1	they again went up	Jerusalem was higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem.
LUK	2	42	d52y		κατὰ τὸ ἔθος	1	at the customary time	“at the normal time” or “as they did every year”
LUK	2	42	g8aa		τῆς ἑορτῆς	1	the feast	This was another name for the Festival of the Passover, since it involved eating a ceremonial meal.
LUK	2	43	e5en		καὶ τελειωσάντων τὰς ἡμέρας	1	After they had stayed the full number of days for the feast	“When the entire time for celebrating the feast was over” or “After celebrating the feast for the required number of days”
LUK	2	44	y77i		νομίσαντες	1	assuming that	“They thought”
LUK	2	44	jcz4		ἦλθον ἡμέρας ὁδὸν	1	they went a day’s journey	“they traveled one day” or “they went as far as people walk in one day”
LUK	2	46	llz4		καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
LUK	2	46	yy11	figs-explicit	ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	in the temple	This refers to the courtyard around the temple. Only the priests were allowed in the temple. Alternate translation: “in the temple courtyard” or “at the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	2	46	n1tl		ἐν μέσῳ	1	in the middle	This does not mean the exact center. Rather, it means “among” or “together with” or “surrounded by.”
LUK	2	46	fzz6		τῶν διδασκάλων	1	the teachers	“the religious teachers” or “those who taught people about God”
LUK	2	47	y1i2		ἐξίσταντο δὲ πάντες οἱ ἀκούοντες αὐτοῦ	1	And all those who heard him were amazed	They could not understand how a twelve-year-old boy with no religious education could answer so well.
LUK	2	47	pgu4		ἐπὶ τῇ συνέσει	1	at his understanding	“at how much he understood” or “that he understood so much about God”
LUK	2	47	c8z3		ταῖς ἀποκρίσεσιν αὐτοῦ	1	his answers	“at how well he answered them” or “that he answered their questions so well”
LUK	2	48	llk9		καὶ ἰδόντες αὐτὸν	1	When they saw him	“When Mary and Joseph found Jesus”
LUK	2	48	f1ry	figs-rquestion	τί ἐποίησας ἡμῖν οὕτως?	1	why have you treated us this way?	This was an indirect rebuke because he had not gone with them on the way back home. This caused them to worry about him. Alternate translation: “you should not have done this to us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	2	48	w361		ἰδοὺ	1	Look	This word is often used to show the beginning of a new or important event. It also can be used to show where the action begins. If your language has a phrase that is used in this way, consider whether it would be natural to use it here.
LUK	2	49	r8eh	figs-rquestion	τί ὅτι ἐζητεῖτέ με?	1	Why is it that you were searching for me?	Jesus uses two questions to mildly rebuke his parents, and to begin to tell them that he had a purpose from his heavenly Father that they did not understand. Alternate translation: “You did not need to be concerned about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	2	49	va82	figs-rquestion	οὐκ ᾔδειτε…δεῖ εἶναί με?	1	Did you not know…my Father’s house?	Jesus uses this second question to try to say that his parents should have known about the purpose for which his Father sent him. Alternate translation: “You should have known…business” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	2	49	p6aj		ἐν τοῖς τοῦ πατρός μου	1	in my Father’s house	Possible meanings are 1) Jesus meant these words literally, to indicate that he was doing the work that his Father had given him, or 2) these words are an idiom that indicate where Jesus was, “in my Father’s house.” Since the next verse says that his parents did not understand what he was telling them, it would be best not to explain it more.
LUK	2	49	n76z	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	τοῖς τοῦ πατρός μου	1	my Father’s house	At age 12, Jesus, the Son of God, understood that God was his real Father (not Joseph, Mary’s husband). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	2	51	h2i9		καὶ κατέβη μετ’ αὐτῶν	1	Then he went down with them	“Jesus went back home with Mary and Joseph”
LUK	2	51	zl2q		ἦν ὑποτασσόμενος αὐτοῖς	1	was obedient to them	“obeyed them” or “was always obeying them”
LUK	2	51	ceu3	figs-metonymy	διετήρει πάντα τὰ ῥήματα ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῆς	1	treasured all these things in her heart	Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s mind or inner being. Alternate translation: “carefully remembered all these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	2	52	gb25		προέκοπτεν τῇ σοφίᾳ, καὶ ἡλικίᾳ	1	continued to increase in wisdom and stature	“become wiser and stronger.” These refer to mental and physical growth.
LUK	2	52	y5qk		προέκοπτεν τῇ σοφίᾳ, καὶ ἡλικίᾳ	1	increased in favor with God and people	This refers to spiritual and social growth. These could be stated separately. Alternate translation: “God blessed him more and more, and people liked him more and more”
LUK	3	intro	tkg5			0		# Luke 03 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 3:4-6, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Justice<br>John’s instructions to the soldiers and tax collectors in this chapter are not complicated. They are things that should have been obvious to them. He instructed them to live justly. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]] and [Luke 3:12-15](./12.md))<br><br>### Genealogy<br>A genealogy is a list which records a person’s ancestors or descendants. Such lists were very important in determining who had the right be king, because the king’s authority was usually passed down or inherited from his father. It was also common for other important people to have a recorded genealogy.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Prophecy often involves the use of metaphors to express its meaning. Spiritual discernment is needed for proper interpretation of the prophecy. The prophecy of Isaiah is an extended metaphor describing the ministry of John the Baptist ([Luke 3:4-6](./04.md)). Translation is difficult. It is suggested that the translator treat each line of the ULT as a separate metaphor. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]]) and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “(Herod) had John locked up in prison”<br>This event can cause confusion because the author says John was imprisoned and then says he was baptizing Jesus. The author probably uses this phrase in anticipation of Herod’s imprisonment of John. This would mean that this statement is still in the future at the time of the narrative.<br>
LUK	3	1	rk9i			0	General Information:	These verses give background information to tell what is happening when Jesus’ cousin John begins his ministry.
LUK	3	1	m1zu			0	Connecting Statement:	As the prophet Isaiah had foretold, John begins to preach good news to the people.
LUK	3	1	v22w	translate-names	Φιλίππου…Λυσανίου	1	Philip…Lysanias	These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	1	uv8h	translate-names	τῆς Ἰτουραίας καὶ Τραχωνίτιδος…τῆς Ἀβειληνῆς	1	Ituraea and Trachonitis…Abilene	These are names of territories. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	2	d3m8		ἐπὶ ἀρχιερέως Ἅννα καὶ Καϊάφα	1	during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas	“while Annas and Caiaphas were serving together as the high priest.” Annas was the high priest, and the Jews continued to recognize him as such even after the Romans appointed his son-in-law, Caiaphas, to replace him as high priest.
LUK	3	2	dg8p	figs-metaphor	ἐγένετο ῥῆμα Θεοῦ	1	the word of God came	The writer speaks of God’s message as though it were a person who moved toward those who heard it. Alternate translation: “God spoke his message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	3	w2pu	figs-abstractnouns	κηρύσσων βάπτισμα μετανοίας	1	preaching a baptism of repentance	The terms “baptism” and “repentance” could be stated as actions. Alternate translation: “and he preached that people should be baptized to show that they were repenting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	3	3	cnm1	figs-abstractnouns	εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν	1	for the forgiveness of sins	They would repent so that God would forgive their sins. The term “forgiveness” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “so that their sins would be forgiven” or “so that God would forgive their sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	3	4	e1k1			0	General Information:	The author, Luke, quotes a passage from Isaiah the prophet concerning John the Baptist.
LUK	3	4	zf6m	figs-activepassive	ὡς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ λόγων Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου	1	As it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet	These words introduce a quotation from the prophet Isaiah. They can be stated in active form, and the missing words can be supplied. Alternate translation: “This happened as Isaiah the prophet had written in the book that contains his words” or “John fulfilled the message that the prophet Isaiah had written in his book” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	3	4	b86g		φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ	1	A voice of one calling out in the wilderness	This can be expressed as a sentence. Alternate translation: “The voice of one calling out in the wilderness is heard” or “They hear the sound of someone calling out in the wilderness”
LUK	3	4	rzv1		ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου; εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ	1	Make ready the way of the Lord, make his paths straight	The second command explains or adds more detail to the first.
LUK	3	4	h9xl	figs-metaphor	ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου	1	Make ready the way of the Lord	“Get the road ready for the Lord.” Doing this represents preparing to hear the Lord’s message when he comes. People do this by repenting of their sins. Alternate translation: “Prepare to hear the Lord’s message when he comes” or “Repent and be ready for the Lord to come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	3	4	v967		τὴν ὁδὸν	1	the way	“the path” or “the road”
LUK	3	5	wk8m	figs-metaphor	πᾶσα φάραγξ πληρωθήσεται, καὶ πᾶν ὄρος καὶ βουνὸς ταπεινωθήσεται	1	Every valley will be filled…every mountain and hill will be made low	When people prepare the road for an important person who is coming, they cut down the high places and fill in the low places so that the road will be level. This is part of the metaphor started in the previous verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	5	e52x	figs-activepassive	πᾶσα φάραγξ πληρωθήσεται	1	Every valley will be filled	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They will fill in every low place in the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	5	s66m	figs-activepassive	πᾶν ὄρος καὶ βουνὸς ταπεινωθήσεται	1	every mountain and hill will be made low	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will level every mountain and hill” or “they will remove every high place in the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	6	du1b	figs-abstractnouns	ὄψεται…τὸ σωτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	will see the salvation of God	This can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “learn how God saves people from sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	3	7	sxn9	figs-activepassive	βαπτισθῆναι ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	to be baptized by him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for John to baptize them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	7	b724	figs-metaphor	γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν	1	You offspring of vipers	This is a metaphor. Here “offspring” means “having the characteristic of.” Vipers are poisonous snakes that are dangerous and represent evil. Alternate translation: “You evil poisonous snakes” or “You are evil, like poisonous snakes (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	7	mcq5	figs-rquestion	τίς ὑπέδειξεν ὑμῖν φυγεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς?	1	Who warned you to run away from the wrath that is coming?	He was not really expecting them to answer. John was rebuking the people because they were asking him to baptize them so that God would not punish them, but they did not want to stop sinning. Alternate translation: “You cannot flee from God’s wrath like this!” or “You cannot escape from God’s wrath just by being baptized!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	3	7	g7tw	figs-metonymy	ἀπὸ τῆς μελλούσης ὀργῆς	1	from the wrath that is coming	The word “wrath” is used here to refer to God’s punishment because his wrath precedes it. Alternate translation: “from the punishment that God is sending” or “from God’s wrath on which he is about to act” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	8	pz16	figs-metaphor	ποιήσατε…καρποὺς ἀξίους τῆς μετανοίας	1	produce fruits that are worthy of repentance	In this metaphor, a person’s behavior is compared to fruit. Just as a plant is expected to produce fruit that is appropriate for that kind of plant, a person who says that he has repented is expected to live righteously. Alternate translation: “produce the kind of fruit that shows that you have repented” or “do the good things that show that you have turned away from your sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	8	uqz3		λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς	1	to say within yourselves	“saying to yourselves” or “thinking”
LUK	3	8	pft3	figs-explicit	πατέρα ἔχομεν τὸν Ἀβραάμ	1	We have Abraham for our father	“Abraham is our ancestor” or “We are Abraham’s descendants.” If it is unclear why they would say this, you may also add the implied information: “so God will not punish us.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	3	8	gbp2		ἐγεῖραι τέκνα τῷ Ἀβραάμ	1	to raise up children for Abraham	“create children for Abraham”
LUK	3	8	pi82		ἐκ τῶν λίθων τούτων	1	from these stones	John was probably referring to the actual stones along the Jordan River.
LUK	3	9	r5pa	figs-activepassive	ἡ ἀξίνη πρὸς τὴν ῥίζαν τῶν δένδρων κεῖται	1	the ax is set against the root of the trees	The ax that is in position so it can cut the roots of a tree is a metaphor for the punishment that is about to begin. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God is like the man who has placed his ax against the root of the trees” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	9	l8it	figs-activepassive	πᾶν…δένδρον…ἐκκόπτεται καὶ εἰς πῦρ βάλλεται	1	every tree…is chopped down and thrown into the fire	“fire” here is a metaphor for punishment. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he chops down every tree…and throws it into the fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	10	yf3b			0	Connecting Statement:	John begins to respond to questions that people in the crowd ask him.
LUK	3	10	ak6i		ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν…λέγοντες	1	kept asking him, saying	“asking him and said” or “asking John”
LUK	3	11	g3ip		ἀποκριθεὶς…ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς	1	he answered and said to them	“answered them, saying” or “answered them” or “said”
LUK	3	11	vuk3	figs-ellipsis	ὁμοίως ποιείτω	1	should do the same	“share extra food just as you shared the extra tunic.” This refers back to giving food to those in need. Alternate translation: “give food to someone who does not have any” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	3	12	pp3s	figs-activepassive	βαπτισθῆναι	1	to be baptized	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for John to baptize them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	13	v9ls		μηδὲν πλέον…πράσσετε	1	Collect no more money	“Do not ask for more money” or “Do not demand more money.” Tax collectors had been collecting more money than they should have been collecting. John tells them to stop doing that.
LUK	3	13	m136	figs-activepassive	τὸ διατεταγμένον ὑμῖν	1	than what you have been ordered to do	This is passive to show that the tax collector’s authority comes from Rome. Alternate translation: “than what the Romans have authorized you to take” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	14	w2d8	figs-exclusive	τί ποιήσωμεν καὶ ἡμεῖς?	1	And what should we do?	“How about us soldiers, what must we do?” John is not included in the words “us” and “we.” The soldiers have implied that John had told the crowd and the tax collector what they must do and want to know what they as soldiers are to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	3	14	l3mz		μηδὲ συκοφαντήσητε	1	do not accuse anyone falsely	It seems that the soldiers were making false charges against people in order to get money. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “in the same way, do not accuse anyone falsely in order to get money from them” or “do not say that an innocent person has done something illegal”
LUK	3	14	bvy5		ἀρκεῖσθε τοῖς ὀψωνίοις ὑμῶν	1	Be content with your wages	“Be satisfied with your pay”
LUK	3	15	pgp3		δὲ τοῦ λαοῦ	1	Now the people	“because the people.” This refers to the same people who came to John.
LUK	3	15	czb7		διαλογιζομένων πάντων ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν περὶ τοῦ Ἰωάννου, μήποτε αὐτὸς εἴη ὁ Χριστός	1	were all wondering in their hearts concerning John, whether he might be the Christ	“everyone was unsure what to think about John; they asked themselves, ‘Could he be the Christ?’” or “no one was sure what to think about John because they were wondering whether he might be the Christ.”
LUK	3	16	fn1u	figs-explicit	ἀπεκρίνατο λέγων πᾶσιν ὁ Ἰωάννης	1	John answered, saying to them all	John’s answer about a greater person coming clearly implies that John is not the Christ. It may be helpful to state this clearly for your audience. Alternate translation: “John clarified that he was not the Christ by saying to them all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	3	16	wj3h		ὕδατι βαπτίζω ὑμᾶς	1	I baptize you with water	“I baptize using water” or “I baptize by means of water”
LUK	3	16	k3hg		οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς λῦσαι τὸν ἱμάντα τῶν ὑποδημάτων αὐτοῦ	1	not worthy even to untie the strap of his sandals	“not important enough even to loosen the straps of his sandals.” Untying the straps of sandals was a duty of a slave. John was saying that the one who would come is so great that John was not even worthy enough to be his slave.
LUK	3	16	jjp1	figs-metaphor	αὐτὸς ὑμᾶς βαπτίσει ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ, καὶ πυρί	1	He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire	This metaphor compares literal baptism that brings a person into contact with water to a spiritual baptism that brings them into contact with the Holy Spirit and with fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	16	c1an	figs-metaphor	πυρί	1	fire	Here the word “fire” may refer to 1) judgment or 2) purification. It is preferred to leave it as “fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	17	jzm4	figs-metaphor	οὗ τὸ πτύον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ	1	His winnowing fork is in his hand	“He is holding a winnowing fork because he is ready.” John speaks of the Christ coming to judge people as if he were a farmer who is ready to separate wheat grain from chaff. Alternate translation: “He is ready to judge people like a farmer who is ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	3	17	b1ap		τὸ πτύον	1	winnowing fork	This is a tool for tossing wheat into the air to separate the wheat grain from the chaff. The heavier grain falls back down and the unwanted chaff is blown away by the wind. It is similar to a pitchfork.
LUK	3	17	gf8n		διακαθᾶραι τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ	1	to thoroughly clear off his threshing floor	The threshing floor was the place where wheat was stacked in preparation for threshing. To “clear off” the floor is to finish threshing the grain. Alternate translation: “to finish threshing his grain”
LUK	3	17	gt3q		συναγαγεῖν τὸν σῖτον	1	to gather the wheat	The wheat is the acceptable harvest that is kept and stored.
LUK	3	17	ky8j		τὸ…ἄχυρον κατακαύσει	1	he will burn up the chaff	The chaff is not useful for anything, so people burn it up.
LUK	3	18	vpz7	writing-background		0	General Information:	The story tells what is going to happen to John but has not happened at this time. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	3	18	tyj9		πολλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἕτερα παρακαλῶν	1	Therefore, also exhorting many other things	“With many other strong urgings”
LUK	3	19	jj3q		ὁ…Ἡρῴδης ὁ τετράρχης	1	Herod the tetrarch	Herod was a tetrarch, not a king. He had only limited rule over the region of Galilee.
LUK	3	19	cu4v	figs-explicit	περὶ Ἡρῳδιάδος, τῆς γυναικὸς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ	1	concerning Herodias, the wife of his brother	“because Herod married Herodias, his own brother’s wife.” This was evil because Herod’s brother was still alive. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “because he married his brother’s wife, Herodias, while his brother was still alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	3	20	p2xw	figs-explicit	κατέκλεισεν τὸν Ἰωάννην ἐν φυλακῇ	1	he locked John up in prison	Because Herod was tetrarch, he probably locked John up by ordering his soldiers to lock John up. Alternate translation: “he had his soldiers lock John up in prison” or “he told his soldiers to put John in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	3	21	st4g	figs-events		0	General Information:	The previous verse says that Herod put John in prison. It might be helpful to make it clear that the account starting in verse 21 happened before John was arrested. The UST does this by starting verse 21 with “But before John was put in prison.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
LUK	3	21	his1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins his ministry with his baptism.
LUK	3	21	phe6	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it came about	This phrase marks the beginning of a new event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	3	21	r2x1	figs-activepassive	βαπτισθῆναι ἅπαντα τὸν λαὸν	1	when all the people were baptized	“while John baptized all the people.” The phrase “all the people” refers to the people present with John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	21	nw1s	figs-activepassive	καὶ Ἰησοῦ βαπτισθέντος	1	Jesus also was baptized	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “John baptized Jesus also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	3	21	i5zg		ἀνεῳχθῆναι τὸν οὐρανὸν	1	the heavens were opened	“the sky opened” or “the sky became open.” This is more than a simple clearing of clouds, but it’s not clear what it means. It possibly means that a hole appeared in the sky.
LUK	3	22	b1iz		καταβῆναι τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον σωματικῷ εἴδει, ὡς περιστερὰν ἐπ’ αὐτόν	1	the Holy Spirit in bodily form came down on him like a dove	“in physical form the Holy Spirit came down like a dove onto Jesus”
LUK	3	22	q2yh	figs-metonymy	φωνὴν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ γενέσθαι	1	a voice came from heaven	Here “a voice came from heaven” represents people on earth hearing God in heaven speaking. It can be made clear that God spoke to Jesus. Alternate translation: “a voice from heaven said” or “God spoke to Jesus from heaven, saying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	3	22	h7tn	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὁ Υἱός μου	1	my Son	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	3	23	e9wd			0	General Information:	Luke lists the ancestors of Jesus through the line of his supposed father, Joseph.
LUK	3	23	uvm3	writing-background	καὶ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a change from the story to background information about Jesus’ age and ancestors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	3	23	d3sh	translate-numbers	ἐτῶν τριάκοντα	1	thirty years old	“30 years old” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	3	23	z2xa		ὢν υἱός, ὡς ἐνομίζετο, Ἰωσὴφ	1	He was the son (as it was assumed) of Joseph	“It was thought that he was the son of Joseph” or “People assumed that he was the son of Joseph”
LUK	3	24	f8pm	translate-names	τοῦ Μαθθὰτ, τοῦ Λευεὶ, τοῦ Μελχεὶ, τοῦ Ἰανναὶ, τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ	1	the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph	This continues the list that begins with the words “He was the son…of Joseph, the son of Heli” in verse 24. Consider how people normally list ancestors in your language. You should use the same wording throughout the whole list. Possible formats are 1) “He was the son…of Joseph, the son of Heli, who was the son of Matthat, who was the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph” or 2) “He was the son…of Joseph. Joseph was the son of Heli. Heli was the son of Matthat. Matthat was the son of Levi. Levi was the son of Melchi. Melchi was the son of Jannai. Jannai was the son of Joseph” or 3) “His father…was Joseph. Joseph’s father was Heli. Heli’s father was Matthat. Matthat’s father was Levi. Levi’s father was Melchi. Melchi’s father was Jannai. Jannai’s father was Joseph” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	25	xdc5	translate-names	τοῦ Ματταθίου, τοῦ Ἀμὼς…Ναγγαὶ	1	the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos…Naggai	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	26	vt9z	translate-names	τοῦ Μάαθ…Ἰωδὰ	1	the son of Maath…Joda	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	27	z85v	translate-names	τοῦ Ἰωανὰν…Νηρεὶ	1	the son of Joanan…Neri	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that begins in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	27	c2wj		τοῦ Ἰωανὰν…Σαλαθιὴλ	1	the son of Salathiel	The name Salathiel may be a different spelling of the name Shealtiel (as some versions have it), but identification is difficult.
LUK	3	28	yf2b	translate-names	τοῦ Μελχεὶ…Ἢρ	1	the son of Melchi…Er	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	29	led5	translate-names	τοῦ Ἰησοῦ…Λευεὶ	1	the son of Joshua…Levi	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	30	s7aw	translate-names	τοῦ Συμεὼν…Ἐλιακεὶμ	1	the son of Simeon…Eliakim	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	31	w1m5	translate-names	τοῦ Μελεὰ…Δαυεὶδ	1	the son of Melea…David	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	32	ed2t	translate-names	τοῦ Ἰεσσαὶ…Ναασσὼν	1	the son of Jesse…Nahshon	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	33	ur9a	translate-names	τοῦ Ἀμιναδὰβ…Ἰούδα	1	the son of Amminadab…Judah	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	34	wkq5	translate-names	τοῦ Ἰακὼβ…Ναχὼρ	1	the son of Jacob…Nahor	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	35	jbl1	translate-names	τοῦ Σεροὺχ…Σαλὰ	1	the son of Serug…Shelah	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	36	xit8	translate-names	τοῦ Καϊνὰμ…Λάμεχ	1	the son of Cainan…Lamech	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	37	qev8	translate-names	τοῦ Μαθουσαλὰ…Καϊνὰμ	1	the son of Methuselah…Cainan	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	38	ni8x	translate-names	τοῦ Ἐνὼς…Ἀδὰμ	1	the son of Enos…Adam	This is a continuation of the list of Jesus’ ancestors that began in [Luke 3:23](./23.md). Use the same format as you used in the previous verses. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	3	38	ck3f		Ἀδὰμ, τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	Adam, the son of God	“Adam, created by God” or “Adam, who was from God” or “Adam, the son, we could say, of God”
LUK	4	intro	r3vy			0		# Luke 04 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:10-11, 18-19, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Jesus was tempted by the devil<br>While it is true that the devil sincerely believed that he could persuade Jesus to obey him, it is important not to imply that Jesus actually ever really wanted to obey him.<br>
LUK	4	1	j249			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus fasts for 40 days, and the devil meets him to try to persuade him to sin.
LUK	4	1	n1xx	writing-newevent	Ἰησοῦς δὲ	1	Then Jesus	After John had baptized Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	4	1	v18k	figs-activepassive	ἤγετο ἐν τῷ Πνεύματι	1	was led by the Spirit	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Spirit led him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	2	bls8		ἡμέρας τεσσεράκοντα πειραζόμενος	1	where for forty days he was tempted	Most versions say that the temptation was throughout the forty days. The UST states “While he was there, the devil kept tempting him” to make this clear.
LUK	4	2	pht2	translate-numbers	ἡμέρας τεσσεράκοντα	1	forty days	“40 days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	4	2	hg5p	figs-activepassive	πειραζόμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου	1	where he was tempted by the devil	This can be stated in active form, and you can make explicit what it was the devil tempted him to do. Alternate translation: “the devil tried to persuade him disobey God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	2	k47d		καὶ οὐκ ἔφαγεν οὐδὲν	1	He did not eat anything	The word “he” refers to Jesus.
LUK	4	3	y7yf	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	εἰ Υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	If you are the Son of God	The devil challenges Jesus to do this miracle in order to prove that he is “the Son of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	4	3	bg52		τῷ λίθῳ τούτῳ	1	this stone	The devil either holds a stone in his hand or points to a nearby stone.
LUK	4	4	kde3	figs-explicit	καὶ ἀπεκρίθη πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Ἰησοῦς, γέγραπται, ὅτι οὐκ ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος.	1	Jesus answered him, “It is written…alone.’”	Jesus’ rejection of the devil’s challenge is clearly implied in his answer. It may be helpful to state this clearly for your audience, as the UST does. Alternate translation: “Jesus replied, ‘No, I will not do that because it is written…alone.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	4	hr5a	figs-activepassive	γέγραπται	1	It is written	The quotation is from Moses’ writings in the Old Testament. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses has written in the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	4	ek2z	figs-synecdoche	οὐκ ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος	1	Man does not live on bread alone	The word “bread” refers to food in general. Food as compared to God, by itself, is not enough to sustain a person. Jesus quotes the scripture to say why he would not turn the stone into bread. Alternate translation: “People cannot live on just bread” or “It is not just food that makes a person live” or “God says there are more important things than food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	4	5	wm17	figs-explicit	ἀναγαγὼν αὐτὸν	1	led him up	He led Jesus up a mountain. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	5	jxi9		ἐν στιγμῇ χρόνου	1	in an instant of time	“in an instant” or “instantly”
LUK	4	6	dcx6	figs-explicit	ἐμοὶ παραδέδοται	1	they have been given to me	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are that “them” refers to 1) the authority and splendor of the kingdoms or 2) the kingdoms. Alternate translation: “God has given them to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	7	g7h9	figs-doublet	ἐὰν προσκυνήσῃς ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ	1	if you will worship before me	These two phrases are very similar. They can be combined. Alternate translation: “if you will bow down in worship to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	4	7	uca7		ἔσται σοῦ	1	it will be yours	“I will give you all these kingdoms, with their splendor”
LUK	4	8	m4tc	figs-explicit	γέγραπται	1	It is written	Jesus refused to do what the devil asked. It may be helpful to state this clearly. Alternate translation: “No, I will not worship you, because it is written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	8	v8ca		ἀποκριθεὶς…εἶπεν αὐτῷ	1	answered and said to him	“responded to him” or “replied to him”
LUK	4	8	xj35	figs-activepassive	γέγραπται	1	It is written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses has written in the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	8	bch3		Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου προσκυνήσεις	1	You will worship the Lord your God	Jesus was quoting a command from the scriptures to say why he would not worship the devil.
LUK	4	8	q8ni	figs-you	προσκυνήσεις	1	You will worship	This refers to the people in the Old Testament who received God’s Law. You could use the singular form of ‘you’ because each person was to obey it, or you could use the plural form of ‘you’ because all of the people were to obey it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	4	8	zt2b		αὐτῷ	1	him	The word “him” refers to the Lord God.
LUK	4	9	j8r6		τὸ πτερύγιον	1	the very highest point	This was the corner of the temple roof. If someone fell from there, they would be seriously injured or die.
LUK	4	9	g2n5		εἰ Υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	If you are the Son of God	The devil is challenging Jesus to prove that he is the Son of God.
LUK	4	9	j9nx	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Υἱὸς…τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	4	9	i81s		βάλε σεαυτὸν…κάτω	1	throw yourself down	“jump down to the ground”
LUK	4	10	f5dn	figs-explicit	γέγραπται γὰρ	1	For it is written	The devil implies that his quote from the Psalms means Jesus will not be hurt if he is the Son of God. This can be stated clearly, as the UST does. Alternate translation: “You will not be hurt, because it is written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	10	s2g4	figs-activepassive	γέγραπται	1	it is written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the writer has written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	10	nld8		ἐντελεῖται	1	He will give orders	“He” refers to God. The devil partially quoted from the Psalms in an effort to persuade Jesus to jump off the building.
LUK	4	12	fy8d	figs-explicit	εἴρηται	1	It is said	Jesus tells the devil why he will not do what the devil told him to do. His refusal to do it can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “No, I will not do that, because it is said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	12	cf6c	figs-activepassive	εἴρηται	1	It is said	Jesus quotes from the writings of Moses in Deuteronomy. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses has said” or “Moses has said in the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	12	gf8h		οὐκ ἐκπειράσεις Κύριον τὸν Θεόν σου	1	Do not put the Lord your God to the test	Possible meanings are 1) Jesus should not test God by jumping off the temple, or 2) the devil should not test Jesus to see if he is the Son of God. It is best to translate the verse as stated rather than to try to explain the meaning.
LUK	4	13	qqd7		ἄχρι καιροῦ	1	until an opportune time	“until another occasion”
LUK	4	13	nc2c	figs-explicit	συντελέσας πάντα πειρασμὸν	1	had finished every temptation	This does not imply that the devil was successful in his temptation—Jesus resisted every attempt. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “had finished trying to persuade Jesus to sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	14	h3fr			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus returns to Galilee, teaches in the synagogue, and tells the people there that he is fulfilling scripture of Isaiah the prophet.
LUK	4	14	yfc3	writing-newevent	καὶ ὑπέστρεψεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς	1	Then Jesus returned	This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	4	14	ht5k		ἐν τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ Πνεύματος	1	in the power of the Spirit	“and the Spirit was giving him power.” God was with Jesus in a special way, enabling him to do things that humans usually could not.
LUK	4	14	dhj7		φήμη ἐξῆλθεν…περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	news about him spread	“people spread the news about Jesus” or “people told other people about Jesus” or “knowledge about him was passed on from person to person.” Those who heard Jesus told other people about him, and then those other people told even more people about him.
LUK	4	14	hah9		καθ’ ὅλης τῆς περιχώρου	1	throughout the entire surrounding region	This refers to the areas or places around Galilee.
LUK	4	15	ik8g		δοξαζόμενος ὑπὸ πάντων	1	being praised by all	“everyone said great things about him” or “all the people spoke about him in a good way”
LUK	4	16	ulb1		οὗ ἦν τεθραμμένος	1	where he had been raised	“where his parents had raised him” or “where he lived when he was a child” or “where he grew up”
LUK	4	16	g4sv		κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς αὐτῷ	1	according to his custom	“as he did each Sabbath.” It was his usual practice to go to the synagogue on the Sabbath day.
LUK	4	17	i9hn	figs-activepassive	καὶ ἐπεδόθη αὐτῷ βιβλίον τοῦ προφήτου Ἠσαΐου	1	The scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone gave him the scroll of the prophet Isaiah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	17	x52a		βιβλίον τοῦ προφήτου Ἠσαΐου	1	scroll of the prophet Isaiah	This refers to the book of Isaiah written on a scroll. Isaiah had written the words many years before, and someone else had copied them onto a scroll.
LUK	4	17	w5s9		τὸν τόπον οὗ ἦν γεγραμμένον	1	the place where it was written	“the place in the scroll with these words.” This sentence continues on into the next verse.
LUK	4	18	h1rm		Πνεῦμα Κυρίου ἐπ’ ἐμέ	1	The Spirit of the Lord is upon me	“The Holy Spirit is with me in a special way.” When someone says this, he is claiming to speak the words of God.
LUK	4	18	q96y	figs-metaphor	ἔχρισέν με	1	he anointed me	In the Old Testament, ceremonial oil was poured on a person when they were given power and authority to do a special task. Jesus uses this metaphor to refer to the Holy Spirit being on him to prepare him for this work. Alternate translation: “the Holy Spirit is upon me to empower me” or “the Holy Spirit gave me power and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	4	18	l6ac		πτωχοῖς	1	the poor	“the poor people””
LUK	4	18	a9wn		κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν	1	proclaim freedom to the captives	“tell people who are being held captive that they can go free” or “set free the prisoners of war”
LUK	4	18	mzp4		τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν	1	recovery of sight to the blind	“give sight to the blind” or “make the blind be able to see again”
LUK	4	18	utq5		ἀποστεῖλαι τεθραυσμένους ἐν ἀφέσει	1	set free those who are oppressed	“set free those who are treated harshly”
LUK	4	19	z262		κηρύξαι ἐνιαυτὸν Κυρίου δεκτόν	1	to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor	“tell everyone that the Lord is ready to bless his people” or “announce that this is the year that the Lord will show his kindness”
LUK	4	20	sm11		πτύξας τὸ βιβλίον	1	he rolled up the scroll	A scroll was closed by rolling it like a tube to protect the writing inside it.
LUK	4	20	ehx3		τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ	1	the attendant	This refers to a synagogue worker who brought out and put away with proper care and reverence the scrolls containing the scriptures.
LUK	4	20	pu89	figs-idiom	ἦσαν ἀτενίζοντες αὐτῷ	1	were fixed on him	This idiom means “were focused on him” or “were looking intently at him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	4	21	b1ix	figs-activepassive	πεπλήρωται ἡ Γραφὴ αὕτη ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ὑμῶν	1	this scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing	Jesus was saying that he was fulfilling that prophecy by his actions and speech at that very time. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am fulfilling what this scripture said right now as you are listening to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	21	iij8	figs-idiom	ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ὑμῶν	1	in your hearing	This idiom means “while you are listening to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	4	22	k2xi		ἐθαύμαζον ἐπὶ τοῖς λόγοις τῆς χάριτος τοῖς ἐκπορευομένοις ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ	1	they were amazed at the gracious words which were coming out of his mouth	“surprised about the gracious things that he was saying.” Here “gracious” may refer to 1) how well or how persuasively Jesus spoke, or 2) that Jesus spoke words about God’s grace.
LUK	4	22	ty6d	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ υἱός ἐστιν Ἰωσὴφ οὗτος?	1	Is this not the son of Joseph?	People thought that Joseph was Jesus’ father. Joseph was not a religious leader, so they were surprised that his son would preach what he did. Alternate translation: “This is just Joseph’s son!” or “His father is only Joseph!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	4	23	dp7g			0	General Information:	Nazareth is the town in which Jesus grew up.
LUK	4	23	is8a		πάντως	1	Surely	“Certainly” or “There is no doubt that”
LUK	4	23	u4ps	writing-proverbs	ἰατρέ, θεράπευσον σεαυτόν	1	Doctor, heal yourself	If someone claims to be able to heal diseases that he himself has, there is no reason to believe he is really a doctor. People will speak this proverb to Jesus to say that they will only believe he is a prophet if they see him do what they have heard that he did in other places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK	4	23	ww1w		ὅσα ἠκούσαμεν…ποίησον καὶ ὧδε ἐν τῇ πατρίδι σου	1	Whatever we heard…do the same in your hometown	The people of Nazareth do not believe Jesus is a prophet because of his low status as Joseph’s son. They will not believe unless they personally see him do miracles.
LUK	4	24	q3a9		ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Truly I say to you	“It is certainly true.” This is an emphatic statement about what follows.
LUK	4	24	n2cp	writing-proverbs	οὐδεὶς προφήτης δεκτός ἐστιν ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ	1	no prophet is received in his hometown	Jesus makes this general statement in order to rebuke the people. He means that they are refusing to believe the reports of his miracles in Capernaum. They think they already know all about him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK	4	24	tes2		τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ	1	his hometown	“homeland” or “native city” or “country where he grew up”
LUK	4	25	pk9q	writing-background		0	General Information:	Jesus reminds the people who are listening to him in the synagogue about Elijah and Elisha, who were prophets about whom they knew. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	4	25	u896		ἐπ’ ἀληθείας δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν	1	But in truth I tell you	“I tell you truthfully.” Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the importance, truth, and accuracy of the statement that follows.
LUK	4	25	f2qt		χῆραι	1	widows	Widows are women whose husbands have died.
LUK	4	25	g8r3	figs-explicit	ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Ἠλείου	1	during the time of Elijah	The people to whom Jesus was speaking would have known that Elijah was one of God’s prophets. If your readers would not know that, you can make this implicit information explicit as in the UST. Alternate translation: “when Elijah was prophesying in Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	25	spq7	figs-metaphor	ὅτε ἐκλείσθη ὁ οὐρανὸς	1	when the sky was shut up	This is a metaphor. The sky is pictured as a ceiling that was closed, and so no rain would fall from it. Alternate translation: “when no rain fell down from the sky” or “when there was no rain at all” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	4	25	ukl6		λιμὸς μέγας	1	a great famine	“a serious lack of food.” A famine is a long period of time when the crops do not produce enough food for the people.
LUK	4	26	zsi6	figs-explicit	εἰς Σάρεπτα…πρὸς γυναῖκα χήραν	1	to Zarephath…to a widow woman	The people living in the town of Zarephath were Gentiles, not Jews. The people listening to Jesus would have understood that the people of Zarephath were Gentiles. Alternate translation: “to a Gentile widow living in Zarephath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	4	27	mbs2	translate-names	Ναιμὰν ὁ Σύρος	1	Naaman the Syrian	A Syrian is a person from the country of Syria. The people of Syria were Gentiles, not Jews. Alternate translation: “the Gentile Naaman from Syria” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	4	28	ca1k		καὶ ἐπλήσθησαν πάντες θυμοῦ ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ ἀκούοντες ταῦτα	1	Then all the people in the synagogue were filled with rage when they heard these things	The people of Nazareth were deeply offended that Jesus had cited scriptures where God had helped Gentiles instead of Jews.
LUK	4	29	iw5x		ἐξέβαλον αὐτὸν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως	1	forced him out of the town	“forced him to leave the town” or “shoved him out of the city”
LUK	4	29	b6mp		ὀφρύος τοῦ ὄρους	1	edge of the hill	“edge of the cliff”
LUK	4	30	k7dg		αὐτὸς δὲ, διελθὼν διὰ μέσου αὐτῶν	1	But passing through the middle of them	“through the middle of the crowd” or “between the people who were trying to kill him.”
LUK	4	30	m45c		ἐπορεύετο	1	he went on his way	“he went away” or “he went on his way” Jesus went where he had planned to go instead of where the people were trying to force him to go.
LUK	4	31	wk65			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus then goes to Capernaum, teaches the people in the synagogue there, and commands a demon to leave a man.
LUK	4	31	ynf3	writing-newevent	καὶ κατῆλθεν	1	Then he went down	“Then Jesus.” This indicates a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	4	31	ib1l		κατῆλθεν εἰς Καφαρναοὺμ	1	he went down to Capernaum	The phrase “went down” is used here because Capernaum is lower in elevation than Nazareth.
LUK	4	31	ky4y		Καφαρναοὺμ, πόλιν τῆς Γαλιλαίας	1	Capernaum, a city in Galilee	“Capernaum, another city in Galilee”
LUK	4	32	qk28		καὶ ἐξεπλήσσοντο	1	They were astonished	greatly surprised, greatly amazed
LUK	4	32	j4ee		ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ ἦν ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ	1	his message was with authority	“he spoke as one with authority” or “his words had great power”
LUK	4	33	fax1	writing-participants	καὶ…ἦν ἄνθρωπος	1	Now…there was a man	This phrase is used to mark the introduction of a new character into the story; in this case, a demon-possessed man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	4	33	i93n		ἔχων πνεῦμα δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου	1	who had the spirit of an unclean demon	“who was possessed by an unclean demon” or “who was controlled by an evil spirit”
LUK	4	33	e539		ἀνέκραξεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ	1	he cried out with a loud voice	“he shouted loudly”
LUK	4	34	fkp2	figs-idiom	τί ἡμῖν καὶ σοί	1	What do we have to do with you	This belligerent response is an idiom that means: “What do we have in common?” or “What right do you have to bother us?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	4	34	y1xh	figs-rquestion	τί ἡμῖν καὶ σοί, Ἰησοῦ Ναζαρηνέ?	1	What do we have to do with you, Jesus of Nazareth?	This question could be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “What do you, Jesus of Nazareth, have to do with us!” or We have nothing to do with you, Jesus of Nazareth!” or “You have no right to bother us, Jesus of Nazareth!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	4	35	m8es		ἐπετίμησεν αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγων	1	Jesus rebuked him, saying	“Jesus scolded the demon, saying” or “Jesus sternly said to the demon”
LUK	4	35	me6n		ἔξελθε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	come out of him	He commanded the demon to stop controlling the man. Alternate translation: “leave him alone” or “do not live in this man any longer”
LUK	4	36	h7wx	figs-rquestion	τίς ὁ λόγος οὗτος	1	What is this message	The people were expressing how amazed they were that Jesus had the authority to command demons to leave a person. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “These are amazing words!” or “His words are amazing!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	4	36	dgz3		ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ καὶ δυνάμει ἐπιτάσσει τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις πνεύμασιν	1	He commands the unclean spirits with authority and power	“He has authority and power to command the unclean spirits”
LUK	4	37	q25f	writing-endofstory	καὶ ἐξεπορεύετο ἦχος περὶ αὐτοῦ…τῆς περιχώρου	1	So news about him began to spread…the surrounding region	This is a comment about what happened after the story that was caused by the events within the story itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	4	37	xca8		ἐξεπορεύετο ἦχος περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	news about him began to spread	“reports about Jesus began to spread” or “people began to spread the news about Jesus”
LUK	4	38	uwy1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus is still in Capernaum, but he is now at the house of Simon, where he heals Simon’s mother-in-law and many people.
LUK	4	38	jn3a	writing-newevent	ἀναστὰς δὲ	1	Then he left	This introduces a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	4	38	tf3d		πενθερὰ…τοῦ Σίμωνος	1	Simon’s mother-in-law	“the mother of Simon’s wife”
LUK	4	38	lls1	figs-idiom	ἦν συνεχομένη	1	was suffering with	This is an idiom that means “was very sick with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	4	38	cp21		πυρετῷ μεγάλῳ	1	a high fever	“very hot skin”
LUK	4	38	z3qz	figs-explicit	ἠρώτησαν αὐτὸν περὶ αὐτῆς	1	pleaded with him on her behalf	This means they asked Jesus to heal her from the fever. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “asked Jesus to heal her from the fever” or “asked Jesus to cure her fever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	39	pla1		καὶ ἐπιστὰς	1	So standing	The word “So” makes it clear that he did this because the people pleaded with him on behalf of Simon’s mother-in-law.
LUK	4	39	v8uf		ἐπιστὰς ἐπάνω αὐτῆς	1	standing over her	“went to her and leaned over her”
LUK	4	39	ed8r	figs-explicit	ἐπετίμησεν τῷ πυρετῷ, καὶ ἀφῆκεν αὐτήν	1	he rebuked the fever, and it left her	“spoke sternly to the fever, and it left her” or “commanded the fever to leave her, and it did.” It may be helpful to state clearly what he told the fever to do. Alternate translation: “commanded that her skin should become cool, and it did” or “commanded the sickness to leave her, and it did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	39	i1gr		ἐπετίμησεν τῷ πυρετῷ	1	he rebuked the fever	“rebuked the hotness”
LUK	4	39	qtn7		διηκόνει αὐτοῖς	1	started serving them	Here this means she began to prepare food for Jesus and the other people in the house.
LUK	4	40	zpk9		ἑνὶ…τὰς χεῖρας ἐπιτιθεὶς	1	laying his hands on	“placed his hands on” or “touched”
LUK	4	41	bp7b	figs-explicit	ἐξήρχετο…καὶ δαιμόνια	1	Demons also came out	It is implied that Jesus made the demons leave the demon-possessed people. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Jesus also forced demons to come out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	4	41	ag15	figs-doublet	κραυγάζοντα καὶ λέγοντα	1	crying out and saying	These mean about the same thing, and probably refer to cries of fear or anger. Some translations use only one term. Alternate translation: “screaming” or “shouting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	4	41	dik3	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	4	41	r6pv		ἐπιτιμῶν	1	He rebuked them	“spoke sternly to the demons”
LUK	4	41	z7ru		οὐκ εἴα αὐτὰ	1	would not permit them	“did not allow them to”
LUK	4	42	r8zn			0	Connecting Statement:	Though the people want Jesus to stay in Capernaum, he goes to preach in other Judean synagogues.
LUK	4	42	rt5n		γενομένης…ἡμέρας, ἐξελθὼν	1	When daybreak came	“At sunrise” or “At dawn”
LUK	4	42	d1pr		ἔρημον τόπον	1	a solitary place	“a deserted place” or “a place where there were no people”
LUK	4	43	sjy1		ταῖς ἑτέραις πόλεσιν	1	to many other cities	“to the people in many other cities”
LUK	4	43	b45z	figs-activepassive	τοῦτο ἀπεστάλην	1	this is the reason I was sent here	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “this is the reason God sent me here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	4	44	s5mb		τῆς Ἰουδαίας	1	Judea	Since Jesus had been in Galilee, the term “Judea” here probably refers to the entire region where the Jews lived at that time. Alternate translation: “where the Jews lived”
LUK	5	intro	axr7			0		# Luke 05 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “You will catch men”<br><br>Peter, James, and John were fishermen. When Jesus told them that they would catch men, he was using a metaphor to tell them he wanted them to help people believe the good news about him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/disciple]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Sinners<br><br>When the people of Jesus’ time spoke of “sinners,” they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. When Jesus said that he came to call “sinners,” he meant that only people who believe that they are sinners can be his followers. This is true even if they are not what most people think of as “sinners.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### Fasting and Feasting<br><br>People would fast, or not eat food for a long time, when they were sad or were showing God that they were sorry for their sins. When they were happy, like during weddings, they would have feasts, or meals where they would eat much food. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/fast]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Hypothetical Situation<br><br>Jesus uses a hypothetical situation to condemn the Pharisees. This passage includes “people in good health” and “righteous people.” This does not mean that there are people who do not need Jesus. There are no “righteous people,” everybody needs Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [Luke 5:31-32](./31.md))<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Implicit information<br><br>In several parts of this chapter the author left some information implicit that his original readers would have understood and thought about. Modern readers might not know some of those things, so they might have trouble understanding all that the author was communicating. The UST often shows how that information can be presented so that modern readers will be able to understand those passages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### Past Events<br><br>Parts of this chapter are sequences of events that have already happened. In a given passage, Luke sometimes writes as if the events have already happened while other events are still in progress (even though they are complete at the time he writes). This can cause difficulty in translation by creating an illogical order of events. It may be necessary to make these consistent by writing as if all the events have already happened.<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 5:24](../../luk/05/24.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br>
LUK	5	1	l5gy			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus preaches from Simon Peter’s boat at the lake of Gennesaret.
LUK	5	1	zc8q	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	5	1	wsf8		ἀκούειν τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	listening to the word of God	Possible meanings are 1) “listening to the message God wanted them to hear” or 2) “listening to Jesus’ message about God”
LUK	5	1	p6im		τὴν λίμνην Γεννησαρέτ	1	the lake of Gennesaret	These words refer to the Sea of Galilee. Galilee was on the west side of the lake, and the land of Gennesaret was on the east side, so it was called by both names. Some English versions translate this as the proper name of the body of water, “the Lake of Gennesaret.”
LUK	5	2	t96r		ἔπλυνον τὰ δίκτυα	1	were washing their nets	They were cleaning their fishing nets in order to use them again to catch fish.
LUK	5	3	f7z8		εἰς ἓν τῶν πλοίων, ὃ ἦν Σίμωνος	1	one of the boats, which was Simon’s	“the boat belonging to Simon”
LUK	5	3	liq1		ἠρώτησεν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς ἐπαναγαγεῖν ὀλίγον	1	asked him to put it out a short distance from the land	“asked Simon to move the boat farther from the shore”
LUK	5	3	rc1z		καθίσας…ἐδίδασκεν…τοὺς ὄχλους	1	he sat down and taught the crowds	Sitting was the normal position for a teacher.
LUK	5	3	vbx7		ἐδίδασκεν ἐκ τοῦ πλοίου τοὺς ὄχλους	1	taught the crowds from the boat	“taught the people while he sat in the boat.” Jesus was in the boat a short distance from the shore and he was speaking to the people who were on the shore.
LUK	5	4	rk9p		ὡς δὲ ἐπαύσατο λαλῶν	1	When he had finished speaking	“When Jesus had finished teaching the people”
LUK	5	5	wbb1		ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ῥήματί σου	1	But at your word	“because you have told me to do this”
LUK	5	7	n2fp		κατένευσαν	1	they motioned	They were too far from shore to call, so they made gestures, probably by waving their arms.
LUK	5	7	pr7m	figs-explicit	βυθίζεσθαι αὐτά	1	they began to sink	“the boats began to sink.” The reason could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the boats began to sink because the fish were so heavy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	8	r8j9	translate-symaction	προσέπεσεν τοῖς γόνασιν Ἰησοῦ	1	fell down at the knees of Jesus	Possible meanings are 1) “knelt down before Jesus” or 2) “bowed down at Jesus’ feet” or 3) “lay down on the ground at Jesus’ feet.” Peter did not fall accidentally. He did this as a sign of humility and respect for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	5	8	j67m		ἀνὴρ ἁμαρτωλός	1	a sinful man	The word here for “man” means “adult male” and not the more general “human being.”
LUK	5	9	c2eh		τῇ ἄγρᾳ τῶν ἰχθύων	1	the catch of fish	“the large number of fish”
LUK	5	10	k4ft		κοινωνοὶ τῷ Σίμωνι	1	partners with Simon	“Simon’s partners in his fishing business”
LUK	5	10	u6zs	figs-metaphor	ἀνθρώπους ἔσῃ ζωγρῶν	1	you will be catching men	The image of catching fish is being used as a metaphor for gathering people to follow Christ. Alternate translation: “you will fish for people” or “you will gather people for me” or “you will bring people to be my disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	5	12	sta8			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus heals a leper in a different city that is not named.
LUK	5	12	j1xy	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It came about that	This phrase marks a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	5	12	r35h	writing-participants	ἀνὴρ πλήρης λέπρας	1	a man full of leprosy	“a man who was covered with leprosy.” This introduces a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	5	12	i3zk	figs-idiom	πεσὼν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον	1	he fell on his face	Here “fell on his face” is an idiom that means to bow down. Alternate translation: “he knelt and touched the ground with his face” or “he bowed down to the ground” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	5	12	m4k2		ἐὰν θέλῃς	1	if you are willing	“if you want to”
LUK	5	12	x7ss	figs-explicit	δύνασαί με καθαρίσαι	1	you can make me clean	It is understood that he was asking Jesus to heal him. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “please make me clean, because you are able” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	12	ys5f	figs-explicit	με καθαρίσαι	1	make me clean	This refers to ceremonial cleanness, but it is understood that he is unclean because of the leprosy. He is really asking Jesus to heal him of his disease. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “heal me from leprosy so I will be clean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	13	ziz1	figs-explicit	καθαρίσθητι	1	Be clean	This refers to ceremonial cleanness, but it is understood that he is unclean because of the leprosy. He is really asking Jesus to heal him of his disease. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Be healed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	13	l48a		ἡ λέπρα ἀπῆλθεν ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	the leprosy left him	“he no longer had leprosy”
LUK	5	14	q18t	figs-quotations	μηδενὶ εἰπεῖν	1	to tell no one	This can be translated as a direct quote: “Do not tell anyone” There is implied information that can also be stated explicitly (AT): “do not tell anyone that you have been healed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	5	14	v1wn		προσένεγκε περὶ τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ σου	1	offer a sacrifice for your cleansing	The law required a person to make a specific sacrifice after they were healed. This allowed the person to be ceremonially clean, and able to again participate in religious rituals.
LUK	5	14	jk14		εἰς μαρτύριον	1	for a testimony	“as proof of your healing”
LUK	5	14	nz37		αὐτοῖς	1	to them	Possible meanings are 1) “to the priests” or 2) “to all the people.”
LUK	5	15	q4t2		ὁ λόγος περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	the report about him	“the news about Jesus.” This could mean either “the report about Jesus’ healing the man with leprosy” or “the report about Jesus’ healing people.”
LUK	5	15	ng3z	figs-activepassive	διήρχετο…μᾶλλον ὁ λόγος περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	the report about him spread even farther	“the report about him went out even farther.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people kept telling the news about him in other places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	5	16	sv6f		ταῖς ἐρήμοις	1	the deserted places	“lonely places” or “places where there were no other people”
LUK	5	17	et1v			0	Connecting Statement:	One day when Jesus was teaching in a building, some men brought a paralyzed man for Jesus to heal.
LUK	5	17	mb8m	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο	1	it came about	This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	5	18	cl7s	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ, ἄνδρες	1	Now there were some men	These are new people in the story. Your language may have a way of showing that these are new people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	5	18	l9q8		κλίνης	1	a mat	sleeping pad or bed or stretcher
LUK	5	18	z2n2		ἦν παραλελυμένος	1	was paralyzed	“could not move himself”
LUK	5	19	y491		καὶ μὴ εὑρόντες ποίας εἰσενέγκωσιν αὐτὸν διὰ τὸν ὄχλον	1	When they could not find a way to bring him in because of the crowd	In some languages it might be more natural to reorder this. Alternate translation: “But because of the crowd of people, they could not find a way to bring the man inside. So”
LUK	5	19	rkm6	figs-ellipsis	διὰ τὸν ὄχλον	1	because of the crowd	It is clear that the reason they could not enter was that the crowd was so large that there was no room for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	5	19	s7bm	figs-explicit	ἀναβάντες ἐπὶ τὸ δῶμα	1	they went up to the housetop	Houses had flat roofs, and some houses had a ladder or staircase outside to make it easy to go up there. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “they went up to the flat roof of the house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	19	l85u		ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	in front of Jesus	“directly in front of Jesus” or “immediately in front of Jesus”
LUK	5	20	l83a	figs-ellipsis	καὶ ἰδὼν τὴν πίστιν αὐτῶν εἶπεν	1	Seeing their faith, he said	It is understood that they believe Jesus can heal the paralyzed man. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “When Jesus perceived that they believed that he could heal the man, he said to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	5	20	z4ek		ἄνθρωπε	1	Man	This is a general word that people used when speaking to a man whose name they did not know. It was not rude, but it also did not show special respect. Some languages might use a word like “friend” or “sir.”
LUK	5	20	c7r7	figs-activepassive	ἀφέωνταί σοι αἱ ἁμαρτίαι σου	1	your sins are forgiven you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you are forgiven” or “I forgive your sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	5	21	ie5h	figs-ellipsis	διαλογίζεσθαι	1	to question this	“discuss this” or “reason about this.” What they questioned can be stated. Alternate translation: “discuss whether or not Jesus had authority to forgive sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	5	21	a86c	figs-rquestion	τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὃς λαλεῖ βλασφημίας?	1	Who is this who speaks blasphemies?	This question shows how shocked and angry they were at what Jesus said. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “This man is blaspheming God!” or “He blasphemes God by saying that!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	5	21	s21n	figs-rquestion	τίς δύναται ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας εἰ μὴ μόνος ὁ Θεός?	1	Who can forgive sins but God alone?	The implied information is that if a person claims to forgive sins he says he is God. This can be written as a clear statement. Alternate translation: “No one can forgive sins but God alone!” or “God is the only one who can forgive sins!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	22	z4k5		ἐπιγνοὺς…τοὺς διαλογισμοὺς	1	knowing their thoughts	This phrase indicates that they were reasoning silently, so that Jesus sensed rather then heard what they were thinking.
LUK	5	22	et8f	figs-rquestion	τί διαλογίζεσθε ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν?	1	Why are you questioning this in your hearts?	This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not argue about this in your hearts.” or “You should not doubt that I have the authority to forgive sins.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	5	22	p2hj	figs-metonymy	ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν	1	in your hearts	Here “hearts” is a metonym for people’s minds or inner beings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	5	23	zid2	figs-rquestion	τί ἐστιν εὐκοπώτερον, εἰπεῖν, ἀφέωνταί σοι αἱ ἁμαρτίαι σου, ἢ εἰπεῖν, ἔγειρε καὶ περιπάτει?	1	Which is easier to say…walk?	Jesus uses this question to make the scribes think about what might prove whether or not he could really forgive sins. Alternate translation: “I just said ‘Your sins are forgiven you.’ You may think that it is harder to say ‘Get up and walk,’ because the proof of whether or not I can heal the man will be shown by whether or not he gets up and walks.” or “You may think that it is easier to say ‘Your sins are forgiven’ than it is to say ‘Get up and walk.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	5	23	ysw3	figs-ellipsis	εὐκοπώτερον, εἰπεῖν	1	easier to say	The unspoken implication is that one thing is “easier to say because no one will know what has happened,” but the other thing is “harder to say because everyone will know what has happened.” People could not see if the man’s sins were forgiven, but they would all know he was healed if he got up and walked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	5	24	ceg8	figs-you	εἰδῆτε	1	you may know	Jesus was speaking to the scribes and Pharisees. The word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	5	24	f1lu		ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus was referring to himself.
LUK	5	24	k8mk		σοὶ λέγω	1	I tell you	Jesus was saying this to the paralyzed man. The word “you” is singular.
LUK	5	25	tn13		καὶ παραχρῆμα ἀναστὰς	1	Immediately he got up	“At once he got up” or “Right away he got up”
LUK	5	25	agg3		ἀναστὰς	1	he got up	It may be helpful to clearly say that he was healed. Alternate translation: “the man was healed! He got up”
LUK	5	26	f6tp		ἐπλήσθησαν φόβου	1	were filled with fear	“very afraid” or “filled with awe”
LUK	5	26	s3l6		παράδοξα	1	extraordinary things	“amazing things” or “strange things”
LUK	5	27	w3i5			0	Connecting Statement:	When Jesus leaves the house, he calls Levi, the Jewish tax collector, to follow him. Jesus annoys the Pharisees and scribes because he attends a big meal that Levi prepares for him.
LUK	5	27	k6r2	writing-newevent	καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα	1	After these things happened	The phrase “these things” refers to what happened in the previous verses. This signals a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	5	27	xf15		ἐθεάσατο τελώνην	1	saw a tax collector	“looked at a tax collector with attention” or “looked carefully at a tax collector”
LUK	5	27	b3tr	figs-idiom	ἀκολούθει μοι	1	Follow me	To “follow” someone is to become that person’s disciple. Alternate translation: “Be my disciple” or “Come, follow me as your teacher” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	5	28	phw9		καταλιπὼν πάντα	1	leaving everything behind	“left his work as a tax collector”
LUK	5	29	t2j7			0	Connecting Statement:	At the meal, Jesus speaks with the Pharisees and scribes.
LUK	5	29	g6yt		ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ αὐτοῦ	1	in his house	“in Levi’s house”
LUK	5	29	ip2m	figs-explicit	κατακείμενοι	1	reclining at the table	The Greek style of eating at a feast was to lie on a couch and prop oneself up with the left arm on some pillows. Alternate translation: “eating together” or “eating at the table” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	30	n82u		πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	1	to his disciples	“to Jesus’ disciples”
LUK	5	30	tmm5	figs-rquestion	διὰ τί…ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐσθίετε…πίνετε?	1	Why do you eat…sinners?	The Pharisees and scribes ask this question to express their disapproval that Jesus’ disciples are eating with sinners. Alternate translation: “You should not eat with sinners!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	5	30	ze7y		ἁμαρτωλῶν	1	sinners	people who did not obey the law of Moses but committed what others thought were very bad sins
LUK	5	30	pi2x	figs-explicit	μετὰ…ἁμαρτωλῶν ἐσθίετε καὶ πίνετε	1	you eat and drink with…sinners	The Pharisees and scribes believed that religious people should separate themselves from people they consider to be sinners. The word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	31	t6iv	writing-proverbs	οἱ ὑγιαίνοντες…οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες	1	People who are well…those who are sick	Jesus uses this proverb to begin to tell them that he calls sinners to repentance the way a physician calls sick people to be healed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK	5	31	bc8t		ἰατροῦ	1	a physician	doctor
LUK	5	31	i9gn	figs-ellipsis	ἀλλὰ οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες	1	but those who are sick	You may need to supply the words that have been omitted. Alternate translation: “only those who are sick need a physician” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	5	32	jf2v		οὐκ ἐλήλυθα καλέσαι δικαίους, ἀλλὰ ἁμαρτωλοὺς εἰς μετάνοιαν	1	I did not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance	Anyone who wants to follow Jesus has to think of himself as a sinner, not as righteous.
LUK	5	32	g993	figs-nominaladj	δικαίους	1	the righteous	This nominal adjective can be translated as a noun phrase. Alternate translation: “righteous people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
LUK	5	33	f6g6		οἱ…εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτόν	1	They said to him	“The religious leaders said to Jesus”
LUK	5	34	hxe1	figs-rquestion	μὴ δύνασθε…μετ’ αὐτῶν ἐστιν ποιῆσαι νηστεύειν?	1	Can anyone make…with them?	Jesus uses this question to cause the people to think about a situation that they already know. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one tells the wedding attendants of the bridegroom to fast while he is still with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	5	34	q9k2		υἱοὺς τοῦ νυμφῶνος	1	wedding attendants	“guests” or “friends.” These are friends who celebrate with a man who is getting married.
LUK	5	34	h58m	figs-explicit	τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ νυμφῶνος…νηστεύειν	1	the wedding attendants…fast	Fasting is a sign of sadness. The religious leaders understood that the wedding attendants would not fast while the bridegroom was with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	35	z8ex		ἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι καὶ ὅταν	1	But the days will indeed come when	“soon” or “some day”
LUK	5	35	he9p	figs-metaphor	ἀπαρθῇ ἀπ’ αὐτῶν ὁ νυμφίος	1	the bridegroom will be taken away from them	Jesus is comparing himself to the bridegroom, and the disciples to the wedding attendants. He does not explain the metaphor, so the translation should explain it only if necessary. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	5	36	a4zs	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus tells a story to the scribes and pharisees who were at Levi’s house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	5	36	bem7		οὐδεὶς…σχίσας…ἐπιβάλλει ἐπὶ…μή γε καὶ…σχίσει	1	No one, having torn…sews it onto…he did that…he would tear	“No one rips…uses it…he…he” or “People never tear…use it…they…they”
LUK	5	36	qz5e		ἐπιβάλλει	1	sews it	repair
LUK	5	36	xj2y	figs-hypo	εἰ…μή γε καὶ	1	If he did that	This hypothetical statement explains the reason why a person would not actually mend a garment in that way. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	5	36	xu7q		οὐ συμφωνήσει	1	will not match	“would not match” or “would not be the same as”
LUK	5	37	e516		οἶνον νέον	1	new wine	“grape juice.” This refers to wine that has not yet fermented.
LUK	5	37	n35t		ἀσκοὺς	1	wineskins	These were bags made out of animal skins. They could also be called “wine bags” or “bags made of skin.”
LUK	5	37	ac7w	figs-explicit	ῥήξει ὁ οἶνος ὁ νέος τοὺς ἀσκούς	1	the new wine would burst the wineskins	When the new wine ferments and expands, it breaks the old skins because they can no longer stretch out. Jesus’ audience would have understood the information about the wine’s fermenting and expanding. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	5	37	dw18	figs-activepassive	αὐτὸς ἐκχυθήσεται	1	it will be spilled out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the wine would spill out of the bags” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	5	38	ijm3		ἀσκοὺς καινοὺς	1	fresh wineskins	“new wineskins” or “new wine bags.” This refers to new wineskins, unused.
LUK	5	39	pvn9	figs-metaphor	πιὼν παλαιὸν θέλει νέον	1	after drinking old wine wants the new	This metaphor contrasts the old teaching of the religious leaders against the new teaching of Jesus. The point is that people who are used to the old teaching are not willing to listen to the new things that Jesus is teaching. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	5	39	uan9	figs-explicit	λέγει γάρ, ὁ παλαιὸς χρηστός ἐστιν	1	for he says, ‘The old is better.’	It may be helpful to add: “and he is therefore not willing to try the new wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	intro	vv2y			0		# Luke 06 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Luke 6:20-49 contains many blessings and woes that appear to correspond to Matthew 5-7. This part of Matthew has traditionally been called the “Sermon on the Mount.” In Luke, they are not as connected to a teaching on the kingdom of God as they are in Matthew’s gospel. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “Eating the grain”<br><br>When the disciples plucked and ate the grain in a field they were walking through on the Sabbath ([Luke 6:1](../../luk/06/01.md)), the Pharisees said that they were breaking the law of Moses. The Pharisees said that the disciples were doing work by picking the grain and so disobeying God’s command to rest and not work on the Sabbath.<br><br>The Pharisees did not think the disciples were stealing. That is because the law of Moses required farmers to allow travelers to pluck and eat small amounts of grain from plants in fields they traveled through or near. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/works]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sabbath]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Metaphor<br><br>Metaphors are pictures of visible objects that speakers use to explain invisible truths. Jesus used a metaphor of a generous grain merchant to teach his people to be generous ([Luke 6:38](../../luk/06/38.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>Rhetorical questions are questions to which the speaker already knows the answer. The Pharisees scolded Jesus by asking him a rhetorical question when they thought he was breaking the Sabbath ([Luke 6:2](../../luk/06/02.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Implicit information<br><br>Speakers usually do not say things that they think their hearers already understand. When Luke wrote that the disciples were rubbing the heads of grain between their hands, he expected his reader to know that they were separating the part they would eat from what they would throw away ([Luke 6:1](../../luk/06/01.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])<br><br>### The twelve disciples<br><br>The following are the lists of the twelve disciples:<br><br>In Matthew:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James son of Zebedee, John son of Zebedee, Philip, Bartholomew, Thomas, Matthew, James son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Mark:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James the son of Zebedee and John the son of Zebedee (to whom he gave the name Boanerges, that is, sons of thunder), Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>In Luke:<br><br>Simon (Peter), Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Simon (who was called the Zealot), Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot.<br><br>Thaddaeus is probably the same person as Jude, the son of James.<br>
LUK	6	1	dum1	figs-you		0	General Information:	The word “you” here is plural, and refers to the disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	6	1	sw1e			0	Connecting Statement:	While Jesus and his disciples are walking through grainfields, some Pharisees begin to question the disciples about what they are doing on the Sabbath, which, in God’s law, has been set aside for God.
LUK	6	1	c4sa	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you can consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	6	1	x5zk		σπορίμων	1	the grainfields	In this case, these are large sections of land where the people had scattered wheat seed to grow more wheat.
LUK	6	1	rl46		στάχυας	1	heads of grain	This is the topmost part of the grain plant, which is a kind of large grass. It holds the mature, edible seeds of the plant.
LUK	6	1	h9fy	figs-explicit	ψώχοντες ταῖς χερσίν	1	rubbing them in their hands	They did this to separate the grain seeds. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “They rubbed them in their hands to separate the grains from the husks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	2	z32z	figs-rquestion	τί ποιεῖτε ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν τοῖς Σάββασιν?	1	Why are you doing something that is not lawful to do on the Sabbath day?	They asked this question to accuse the disciples of breaking the law. It can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Picking grain on the Sabbath is against God’s law!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	2	m76z	figs-explicit	ποιεῖτε ὃ	1	are you doing that which	The Pharisees considered even the small action of rubbing a handful of grain to be unlawful work. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “doing work” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	3	vih6	figs-rquestion	οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἀνέγνωτε…μετ’ αὐτοῦ ὄντες?	1	Have you not even read…with him?	Jesus is rebuking the Pharisees for not learning from the scriptures. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should learn from what you have read…him!” or “Certainly you have read…him!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	4	yyh2		τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς Προθέσεως	1	the bread of the presence	“the holy bread” or “the bread that was offered to God”
LUK	6	5	h453		ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus was referring to himself. This can be stated: Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man”
LUK	6	5	xy9h		Κύριός ἐστιν τοῦ Σαββάτου	1	is Lord of the Sabbath	The title “Lord” here emphasizes his authority over the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “has the authority to determine what is right for people to do on the Sabbath!”
LUK	6	6	pj2m			0	General Information:	It is now another Sabbath day and Jesus is in the synagogue.
LUK	6	6	ua7d			0	Connecting Statement:	The scribes and Pharisees watch as Jesus heals a man on the Sabbath.
LUK	6	6	p1ee	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now It happened that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	6	6	d44q	writing-participants	καὶ ἦν ἄνθρωπος ἐκεῖ	1	There was a man there	This introduces a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	6	6	t77y		ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ ἡ δεξιὰ ἦν ξηρά	1	his right hand was withered	The man’s hand was damaged in such a way that he could not stretch it. It was probably bent into almost a fist, making it look smaller and wrinkled.
LUK	6	7	q3sh		παρετηροῦντο…αὐτὸν	1	were watching him closely	“were watching Jesus carefully”
LUK	6	7	c1qe		ἵνα εὕρωσιν	1	so that they might find	“because they wanted to find”
LUK	6	8	d7zu		εἰς τὸ μέσον	1	in the midst of us	“in front of everyone.” Jesus wanted the man to stand where everyone there could see him.
LUK	6	9	j8y7		πρὸς αὐτούς	1	to them	“to the Pharisees”
LUK	6	9	m5yz	figs-rquestion	ἐπερωτῶ ὑμᾶς, εἰ ἔξεστιν τῷ Σαββάτῳ ἀγαθοποιῆσαι ἢ κακοποιῆσαι, ψυχὴν σῶσαι ἢ ἀπολέσαι?	1	I ask you, is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do harm, to save a life or to destroy it?	Jesus asks this question to force the Pharisees to admit that he was right to heal on the Sabbath. The intent of the question is thus rhetorical: to get them to admit what they all know is true rather than to obtain information. However, Jesus says, “I ask you,” so this question is not like other rhetorical questions that might need to be translated as statements. This should be translated as a question. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	9	dc6f		ἀγαθοποιῆσαι ἢ κακοποιῆσαι	1	to do good or to do harm	“to help someone or to harm someone”
LUK	6	10	x77k		ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου	1	Stretch out your hand	“Hold out your hand” or “Extend your hand”
LUK	6	10	hce1		ἀποκατεστάθη	1	was restored	healed
LUK	6	12	ay59			0	General Information:	Jesus chooses twelve apostles after he prays all night.
LUK	6	12	e4s7	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις	1	Now it happened that in those days	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	6	12	gzn1		ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις	1	in those days	“around that time” or “not long after” or “one day around then”
LUK	6	12	l7by		ἐξελθεῖν αὐτὸν	1	he went out	“Jesus went out”
LUK	6	13	vep8		καὶ ὅτε ἐγένετο ἡμέρα	1	When it became day	“When it was morning” or “The next day”
LUK	6	13	j9w7		ἐκλεξάμενος ἀπ’ αὐτῶν δώδεκα	1	he chose twelve of them	“he chose twelve of the disciples”
LUK	6	13	zgh6		οὓς καὶ ἀποστόλους ὠνόμασεν	1	whom he also named apostles	“whom he also made apostles” or “and he appointed them to be apostles”
LUK	6	14	zdq3		Ἀνδρέαν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ	1	his brother Andrew	“Simon’s brother, Andrew”
LUK	6	15	et48		Ζηλωτὴν	1	the Zealot	Possible meanings are 1) “the Zealot” is a title that indicates he was part of the group of people who wanted to free the Jewish people from Roman rule. Alternate translation: “the patriot” or “the nationalist” or 2) “the Zealot” is a description that indicates he was zealous for God to be honored. Alternate translation: “the passionate one”
LUK	6	16	g24m	figs-explicit	ἐγένετο προδότης	1	became a traitor	It may be necessary to explain what “traitor” means in this context. Alternate translation: “betrayed his friend” or “turned his friend over to enemies” (usually in return for money paid) or “exposed a friend to danger by telling enemies about him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	17	t33z			0	Connecting Statement:	Though Jesus especially addresses his disciples, there are many people around who listen.
LUK	6	17	i5gv		μετ’ αὐτῶν	1	with them	“with the twelve he had chosen” or “with his twelve apostles”
LUK	6	18	dpj5	figs-activepassive	ἰαθῆναι	1	to be healed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for Jesus to heal them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	18	wfm9	figs-activepassive	καὶ οἱ ἐνοχλούμενοι ἀπὸ πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων ἐθεραπεύοντο	1	Those who were troubled with unclean spirits were also healed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jesus also healed people who were troubled with unclean spirits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	18	t8ac		οἱ ἐνοχλούμενοι ἀπὸ πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων	1	Those who were troubled with unclean spirits	“bothered by unclean spirits” or “controlled by evil spirits”
LUK	6	19	y2cl		δύναμις παρ’ αὐτοῦ ἐξήρχετο καὶ ἰᾶτο	1	power was coming out from him and healing	“he had power to heal people” or “he was using his power to heal people”
LUK	6	20	ymg7		μακάριοι	1	Blessed are	This phrase is repeated three times. Each time, it indicates that God gives favor to certain people or that their situation is positive or good.
LUK	6	20	xj9v		μακάριοι οἱ πτωχοί	1	Blessed are the poor	“You who are poor receive God’s favor” or “You who are poor benefit”
LUK	6	20	y18c		ὅτι ὑμετέρα ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	for yours is the kingdom of God	Languages that do not have a word for kingdom might say, “for God is your king” or “because God is your ruler.”
LUK	6	20	k34r		ὑμετέρα ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	yours is the kingdom of God	“the kingdom of God belongs to you.” This could mean 1) “you belong to God’s kingdom” or 2) “you will have authority in God’s kingdom.”
LUK	6	21	tg8m		γελάσετε	1	you will laugh	“you will laugh with joy” or “you will be joyful”
LUK	6	22	h8ii		μακάριοί ἐστε	1	Blessed are you	“You receive God’s favor” or “You benefit” or “How good it is for you”
LUK	6	22	r5cg		ἀφορίσωσιν ὑμᾶς	1	they exclude you	“reject you”
LUK	6	22	jz7x		ἕνεκα τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	because of the Son of Man	“because you associate with the Son of Man” or “because they reject the Son of Man”
LUK	6	23	bw14		ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ	1	in that day	“when they do those things” or “when that happens”
LUK	6	23	d97t	figs-idiom	σκιρτήσατε	1	leap for joy	This idiom means “be extremely joyful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	6	23	e3kb		ὁ μισθὸς ὑμῶν πολὺς	1	your reward…is great	“a large payment” or “good gifts”
LUK	6	24	c6lu		οὐαὶ ὑμῖν	1	woe to you	“how terrible it is for you.” This phrase is repeated three times. It is the opposite of “blessed are you.” Each time, it indicates that God’s anger is directed at the people, or that something negative or bad awaits them.
LUK	6	24	v1bp		οὐαὶ ὑμῖν τοῖς πλουσίοις	1	woe to you who are rich	“how terrible it is for you who are rich” or “trouble will come to you who are rich”
LUK	6	24	cs2e		τὴν παράκλησιν ὑμῶν	1	your comfort	“what comforts you” or “what satisfies you” or “what makes you happy”
LUK	6	25	de8m		οἱ ἐμπεπλησμένοι νῦν	1	who are full now	“whose stomachs are full now” or “who eat much now”
LUK	6	25	l8nr		οἱ γελῶντες νῦν	1	to the ones who laugh now	“who are happy now”
LUK	6	26	tn96		οὐαὶ	1	Woe to you	“How terrible it is for you” or “How sad you should be”
LUK	6	26	j9yy	figs-gendernotations	ὅταν…εἴπωσιν πάντες οἱ ἄνθρωποι	1	when all men speak	Here “men” is used in the generic sense the includes all people. Alternate translation: “when all people speak” or “when everyone speaks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK	6	26	y29d		κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ…ἐποίουν τοῖς ψευδοπροφήταις οἱ πατέρες αὐτῶν	1	their ancestors treated the false prophets in the same way	“their ancestors also spoke well of the false prophets”
LUK	6	27	wr76			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to speak to his disciples and the crowd who is listening to him as well.
LUK	6	27	l5rz	writing-participants	ὑμῖν…τοῖς ἀκούουσιν	1	to you who are listening	Jesus now begins to speak to the entire crowd, rather than just to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	6	27	pz5r		ἀγαπᾶτε…καλῶς ποιεῖτε	1	love…do good	Each of these commands is to be followed continually, not just a single time.
LUK	6	27	pqh7	figs-ellipsis	ἀγαπᾶτε τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ὑμῶν	1	love your enemies	This does not mean they were to only love their enemies and not their friends. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “Love your enemies, not only your friends” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	6	28	c83m		εὐλογεῖτε…προσεύχεσθε	1	Bless…pray	Each of these commands is to be followed continually, not just a single time.
LUK	6	28	t43h	figs-explicit	εὐλογεῖτε τοὺς καταρωμένους	1	Bless those who curse	God is the one who blesses. This can made explicit. Alternate translation: “Ask God to bless those” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	28	x2iy		τοὺς καταρωμένους ὑμᾶς	1	those who curse you	“those who habitually curse you”
LUK	6	28	tjn7		τῶν ἐπηρεαζόντων ὑμᾶς	1	those who mistreat you	“those who habitually mistreat you”
LUK	6	29	a7ri		τῷ τύπτοντί σε	1	To him who strikes you	“If anyone hits you”
LUK	6	29	d5qi		ἐπὶ τὴν σιαγόνα	1	on the one cheek	“on one side of your face”
LUK	6	29	eq83	figs-ellipsis	πάρεχε καὶ τὴν ἄλλην	1	offer him also the other	It may be helpful to state what the attacker will do to the person. Alternate translation: “turn your face so that he can strike the other cheek also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	6	29	ic4n		μὴ κωλύσῃς	1	do not withhold	“do not prevent him from taking”
LUK	6	30	d8y6		παντὶ αἰτοῦντί σε, δίδου	1	Give to everyone who asks you	“If anyone asks you for something, give it to him”
LUK	6	30	ts8c		μὴ ἀπαίτει	1	do not ask for it back	“do not require him to give” or “do not demand that he give”
LUK	6	31	te6e		καὶ καθὼς θέλετε ἵνα ποιῶσιν ὑμῖν οἱ ἄνθρωποι, ποιεῖτε αὐτοῖς ὁμοίως	1	As you desire that people would do to you, do the same to them	In some languages it may be more natural to reverse the order. Alternate translation: “You should do to people the same as what you want them to do to you” or “Treat people they way you want them to treat you”
LUK	6	32	qh81	figs-rquestion	ποία ὑμῖν χάρις ἐστίν?	1	what credit is that to you?	“what reward will you receive?” or “what praise will you receive for doing that?” This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “you will not receive any reward for that.” or “God will not reward you for that.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	34	kgc9	figs-explicit	ἵνα ἀπολάβωσιν τὰ ἴσα	1	to get back the same amount	The law of Moses commanded the Jews not to receive interest on money they loaned to each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	35	s8j7		μηδὲν ἀπελπίζοντες	1	expecting nothing in return	“not expecting the person to return what you have given him” or “not expecting the person to give you anything”
LUK	6	35	ly98		ἔσται ὁ μισθὸς ὑμῶν πολύς	1	your reward will be great	“you will receive a great reward” or “you will receive good payment” or “you will get good gifts because of it”
LUK	6	35	zw5k		ἔσεσθε υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου	1	you will be sons of the Most High	It is best to translate “sons” with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human son or child.
LUK	6	35	qr5x		υἱοὶ Ὑψίστου	1	sons of the Most High	Make sure that the word “sons” is plural so it is not confused with Jesus’ title “The Son of the Most High.”
LUK	6	35	ku6l		τοὺς ἀχαρίστους καὶ πονηρούς	1	unthankful and evil people	“people who do not thank him and who are evil”
LUK	6	36	n28w		ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν	1	your Father	This refers to God. It is best to translate “Father” with the same word your language would naturally use to refer to a human father.
LUK	6	37	a8c7		καὶ μὴ κρίνετε	1	Do not judge	“Do not judge people” or “Do not harshly criticize people”
LUK	6	37	e8fb	figs-activepassive	οὐ μὴ κριθῆτε	1	you will not be judged	Jesus does not say who would not judge. Possible meanings are 1) “God will not judge you” or 2) “no one will judge you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	37	vkl8		καὶ μὴ καταδικάζετε	1	Do not condemn	“Do not condemn people”
LUK	6	37	gz37	figs-activepassive	οὐ μὴ καταδικασθῆτε	1	you will not be condemned	Jesus does not say who would not condemn. Possible meanings are 1) “God will not condemn you” or 2) “no one will condemn you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	37	a22w	figs-activepassive	ἀπολυθήσεσθε	1	you will be forgiven	Jesus does not say who would forgive. Possible meanings are 1) “God will forgive you” or 2) “people will forgive you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	38	ryf8	figs-activepassive	δοθήσεται ὑμῖν	1	it will be given to you	Jesus does not say exactly who will give. Possible meanings are 1) “someone will give it to you” or 2) “God will give it to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	38	q8sq	figs-metaphor	μέτρον καλὸν, πεπιεσμένον σεσαλευμένον ὑπερεκχυννόμενον, δώσουσιν εἰς τὸν κόλπον ὑμῶν	1	A good measure—pressed down, shaken together, spilling over—they will pour into your lap	Jesus speaks either of God or of people giving generously as if he were speaking of a generous grain merchant. Alternate translation: “God will pour into your lap a generous amount—pressed down, shaken together and spilling over” or “Like a generous grain merchant who presses down the grain and shakes it together and pours in so much grain that it spills over, they will give generously to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	6	38	rxl6		μέτρον καλὸν	1	A good measure	“A large amount”
LUK	6	38	fp26	figs-activepassive	ἀντιμετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν	1	it will be measured back to you	Jesus does not say exactly who will measure. Possible meanings are 1) “they will measure things back to you” or 2) “God will measure things back to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	39	bw7f	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus includes some examples to make his point. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	6	39	kyt1	figs-rquestion	μήτι δύναται τυφλὸς τυφλὸν ὁδηγεῖν?	1	Can a blind person guide another blind person?	Jesus used this question to get the people to think about something that they already know. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “We all know that a blind person cannot guide another blind person.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	39	nm4v	figs-metaphor	τυφλὸς	1	blind man	The person who is “blind” is a metaphor for a person who has not been taught as a disciple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	6	39	f4xj	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ ἀμφότεροι εἰς βόθυνον ἐμπεσοῦνται?	1	Would both not fall into a pit?	This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “both of them would fall into a hole.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	40	ipr9		οὐκ ἔστιν μαθητὴς ὑπὲρ τὸν διδάσκαλον	1	A disciple is not greater than his teacher	“A disciple does not surpass his teacher.” Possible meanings are 1) “A disciple does not have more knowledge than his teacher” or 2) “A disciple does not have more authority than his teacher.”
LUK	6	40	a6ym		κατηρτισμένος…πᾶς ἔσται	1	everyone when he is fully trained	“every disciple who has been trained well” or “every disciple whose teacher has fully taught him”
LUK	6	41	l7vj	figs-rquestion	τί δὲ βλέπεις τὸ κάρφος τὸ ἐν τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου, τὴν δὲ δοκὸν τὴν ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ ὀφθαλμῷ οὐ κατανοεῖς?	1	Why do you look…brother’s eye, but you do not notice the log that is in your own eye?	Jesus uses this question to challenge the people to pay attention to their own sins before they pay attention to another person’s sins. Alternate translation: “Do not look…brothers eye while you ignore the log that is in your own eye.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	41	jpt3	figs-metaphor	τὸ κάρφος τὸ ἐν τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ σου	1	the tiny piece of straw that is in your brother’s eye	This is a metaphor that refers to the less important faults of a fellow believer. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	6	41	j1r5		κάρφος	1	tiny piece of straw	“speck” or “splinter” or “bit of dust.” Use a word for the smallest thing that commonly falls into a person’s eyes.
LUK	6	41	ud6q		τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ	1	brother	Here “brother” refers to a fellow Jew or a fellow believer in Jesus.
LUK	6	41	ssu3	figs-metaphor	τὴν…δοκὸν τὴν ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ ὀφθαλμῷ	1	the log that is in your own eye	This is a metaphor for a person’s most important faults. A log could not literally go into a person’s eye. Jesus exaggerates to emphasize that a person should pay attention to his own more important faults before he deals with another person’s less important faults. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	6	41	h9a4		δοκὸν	1	log	“beam” or “plank”
LUK	6	42	rkk6	figs-rquestion	πῶς δύνασαι λέγειν…ἐν τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ σοῦ δοκὸν οὐ βλέπων?	1	How can you say…your own eye?	Jesus asks this question to challenge the people to pay attention to their own sins before they pay attention to another person’s sins. Alternate translation: “You should not say…eye.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	6	43	x5uu	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	People can tell if a tree is good or bad, and what type of tree it is, by the fruit it produces. Jesus uses this as an unexplained metaphor—we know what kind of person someone is when we see his actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	6	43	ezb4		γάρ ἐστιν	1	For there is	“This is because there is.” This indicates that what follows is the reason why we should not judge our brother.
LUK	6	43	u159		δένδρον καλὸν	1	good tree	“healthy tree”
LUK	6	43	pi3u		καρπὸν σαπρόν	1	rotten fruit	fruit that is decaying or bad or worthless
LUK	6	44	z1vz	figs-activepassive	ἕκαστον…δένδρον…γινώσκεται	1	each tree is known	People recognize the kind of tree by the fruit it bears. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people know the type of a tree” or “people recognize a tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	44	ns81		ἀκανθῶν	1	a thornbush	a plant or shrub that has thorns
LUK	6	44	ux87		βάτου	1	a briar bush	a vine or shrub that has thorns
LUK	6	45	kz5k	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Jesus compares the thoughts of a person to his good or evil treasure. When a good person has good thoughts, he engages in good actions. When an evil person thinks evil thoughts, he engages in evil actions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	6	45	d9n4		ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος	1	The good man	The word “good” here means righteous or moral.
LUK	6	45	fd19	figs-gendernotations	ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος	1	good man	The word “man” here refers to a person, male or female. Alternate translation: “good person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK	6	45	i93l	figs-metaphor	τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θησαυροῦ τῆς καρδίας	1	the good treasure of his heart	Here the good thoughts of a person are spoken of as if they are treasures stored in the heart of that person, and “his heart” is a metonym for the person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “the good things he keeps deep inside himself” or “the good things he values very intensely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	6	45	gpn9	figs-metaphor	προφέρει τὸ ἀγαθόν	1	produces what is good	Producing what is good is a metaphor for doing what is good. Alternate translation: “does what is good” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	6	45	y2cj	figs-metaphor	τοῦ…πονηροῦ	1	the evil treasure	Here the evil thoughts of a person are spoken of as if they are evil things stored in the heart of that person, and “his heart” is a metonym the person’s inner being. Alternate translation: “the evil things he keeps deep inside himself” or “the evil things he values very intensely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	6	45	jc6z	figs-metonymy	ἐκ…περισσεύματος καρδίας λαλεῖ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ	1	out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks	Here “heart” represents the person’s mind or inner being. The phrase “his mouth” represents the person as a whole. Alternate translation: “what he thinks in his heart affects what he says with his mouth” or “a person will speak aloud what truly values inside of himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	6	46	i3tg	figs-simile		0	General Information:	Jesus compares the person who obeys his teaching to a man who builds a house on rock where it will be safe from floods. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	6	46	a4av		Κύριε, Κύριε	1	Lord, Lord	The repetition of these words indicates that they regularly called Jesus “Lord.”
LUK	6	47	wwu5		πᾶς ὁ ἐρχόμενος πρός με…ὑποδείξω ὑμῖν τίνι ἐστὶν ὅμοιος	1	Everyone who is coming to me…I will show you what he is like	It may be clearer to change the order of this sentence. Alternate translation: “I will tell you what every person is like who comes to me and hears my words and obeys them”
LUK	6	48	cw41	figs-explicit	ἔθηκεν θεμέλιον ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν	1	laid a foundation on the rock	“dug the foundation of the house deep enough to reach a foundation of solid rock.” Some cultures may not be familiar with building on bedrock, and may need to use another image for a stable foundation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	48	cjp8		θεμέλιον	1	a foundation	the part of a house that connects it to the ground. People in Jesus’ time dug down into the ground to the solid rock and then began to build on the rock. That solid rock was the foundation.
LUK	6	48	dp2a		τὴν πέτραν	1	the rock	“bedrock.” This is the very large, hard rock that is deep under the soil.
LUK	6	48	qc2z		ποταμὸς	1	torrent of water	“fast-moving water” or “river”
LUK	6	48	d3gs		προσέρηξεν	1	flowed against	“crashed against”
LUK	6	48	h75u		σαλεῦσαι αὐτὴν	1	shake it	Possible meanings are 1) “cause it to shake” or 2) “destroy it.”
LUK	6	48	tu5j	figs-activepassive	διὰ τὸ καλῶς οἰκοδομῆσθαι αὐτήν	1	because it had been built well	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because the man had built it well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	6	49	wg4w	figs-simile		0	General Information:	Jesus compares the person who hears but does not obey his teaching to a man who builds a house that has no foundation and so will collapse when the flood comes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	6	49	sjf5		ὁ δὲ	1	But the one	“But” shows a strong contrast to the previous person who built with a foundation.
LUK	6	49	yu5r	figs-explicit	ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν χωρὶς θεμελίου	1	on the ground without a foundation	Some cultures may not know that a house with a foundation is stronger. Additional information may be helpful. Alternate translation: “but he did not dig down and build first a foundation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	6	49	d8m3		θεμελίου	1	a foundation	the part of a house that connects it to the ground. People in Jesus’ time dug down into the ground to the solid rock and then began to build on the rock. That solid rock was the foundation.
LUK	6	49	l5jj		ποταμός	1	torrent of water	“fast-moving water” or “river”
LUK	6	49	bs8c		προσέρρηξεν	1	flowed against	“crashed against”
LUK	6	49	q98t		συνέπεσεν	1	it collapsed	fell down or came apart
LUK	6	49	jm86		ἐγένετο τὸ ῥῆγμα τῆς οἰκίας ἐκείνης μέγα	1	the ruin of that house was great	“that house was completely destroyed”
LUK	7	intro	u8gj			0		# Luke 07 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set quotations from the Old Testament farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text. The ULT does this with the quoted material in 7:27.<br><br>Several times in this chapter Luke changes his topic without marking the change. You should not try to make these rough changes smooth.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Centurion<br><br>The centurion who asked Jesus to heal his slave ([Luke 7:2](../../luk/07/02.md) was doing many unusual things. A Roman soldier would almost never go to a Jew for anything, and most wealthy people did not love or care for their slaves. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/centurion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>### John’s Baptism<br><br>John baptized people to show that those he was baptizing knew they were sinners and were sorry for their sin. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>### “Sinners”<br><br>Luke refers to a group of people as “sinners.” The Jewish leaders considered these people to be hopelessly ignorant of the law of Moses, and so called them “sinners.” In reality, the leaders were sinful. This situation can be taken as irony. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])<br><br>### “Feet”<br><br>The feet of the people in the ancient Near East were very dirty because they wore sandals and the roads and trails were dusty and muddy. Only slaves washed other people’s feet. The woman who washed Jesus’ feet was showing him great honor.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 7:34](../../luk/07/34.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br>
LUK	7	1	e1by			0	General Information:	Jesus enters Capernaum where Jesus heals a centurian’s servant.
LUK	7	1	zi6w	figs-idiom	εἰς τὰς ἀκοὰς τοῦ λαοῦ	1	in the hearing of the people	The idiom “in the hearing” emphasizes that he wanted them to hear what he said. Alternate translation: “to the people who were listening to him” or “to the people who were present” or “for the people to hear” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	7	1	l2zp	writing-newevent	εἰσῆλθεν εἰς Καφαρναούμ	1	he entered into Capernaum	This begins a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	7	2	zm98		ὃς ἦν αὐτῷ ἔντιμος	1	who was highly regarded by him	“whom the centurion valued” or “whom he respected”
LUK	7	4	hm7l		παρεκάλουν αὐτὸν σπουδαίως	1	they asked him earnestly	“pleaded with him” or “begged him”
LUK	7	4	y6vt		ἄξιός ἐστιν	1	He is worthy	“The centurion is worthy”
LUK	7	5	cny7		τὸ ἔθνος ἡμῶν	1	our nation	“our people.” This refers to the Jewish people.
LUK	7	6	s5xg		ἐπορεύετο	1	went on his way	“went along”
LUK	7	6	el4w	figs-doublenegatives	αὐτοῦ οὐ μακρὰν ἀπέχοντος ἀπὸ τῆς οἰκίας	1	When he was not far from the house	The double negative can be replaced. Alternate translation: “near the house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	7	6	i6kv		μὴ σκύλλου	1	do not trouble yourself	The centurion was speaking politely to Jesus. Alternate translation: “do not trouble yourself by coming to my house” or “I do not wish to bother you”
LUK	7	6	ez29	figs-idiom	ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην μου εἰσέλθῃς	1	you would come under my roof	This phrase is an idiom that means “come into my house.” If your language has an idiom that means “come into my house,” think about whether it would be good to use here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	7	7	m9ue	figs-synecdoche	εἰπὲ λόγῳ	1	say a word	The servant understood that Jesus could heal the servant just by speaking. Here “word” refers to a command. Alternate translation: “just give the order” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	7	7	m6v8		ἰαθήτω ὁ παῖς μου	1	my servant will be healed	The word that is translated here as “servant” is normally translated as “boy.” It may indicate that the servant was very young or show the centurion’s affection for him.
LUK	7	8	tkd5		καὶ…ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπός εἰμι ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος	1	I also am a man who is under authority	“I also have someone over me that I must obey”
LUK	7	8	q2ep		ὑπ’ ἐμαυτὸν	1	under me	“under my authority”
LUK	7	8	mdd5		τῷ δούλῳ μου	1	to my servant	The word that is translated here as “servant” is the typical word for a servant.
LUK	7	9	tpz9		ἐθαύμασεν αὐτόν	1	he was amazed at him	“he was amazed at the centurion”
LUK	7	9	w8pi		λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	Jesus said this to emphasize the surprising thing that he was about to tell them.
LUK	7	9	j76u	figs-explicit	οὐδὲ ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ τοσαύτην πίστιν εὗρον	1	not even in Israel have I found such faith.	The implication is that Jesus expected Jewish people to have this kind of faith, but they did not. He did not expect Gentiles to have this kind of faith, yet this man did. You may need to add this implied information. Alternate translation: “I have not found any Israelite who trusts me as much as this Gentile does!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	10	g4ny	figs-ellipsis	οἱ πεμφθέντες	1	those who had been sent	It is understood that these were the people the centurion sent. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “the people whom the Roman officer had sent to Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	7	11	tn2d			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus goes to the city of Nain, where he heals a man who had died.
LUK	7	11	dmz7	translate-names	Ναΐν	1	Nain	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	7	12	sq27	writing-participants	ἰδοὺ…τεθνηκὼς	1	behold, a man who had died	The word “behold” alerts us to the introduction of the dead man into the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “there was a dead man who” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	7	12	zr69	figs-activepassive	ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς	1	a man who had died was being carried out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people were carrying out of the city a man who had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	12	n96r	writing-background	ἐξεκομίζετο…μονογενὴς υἱὸς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ…αὐτὴ ἦν χήρα, καὶ ὄχλος…ἱκανὸς	1	was being carried out, the only son of his mother (who was a widow), and a rather large crowd	“carried out. He was his mother’s only son, and she was a widow. A rather large crowd.” This is background information about the dead man and his mother. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	7	12	i5iv		χήρα	1	a widow	a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried
LUK	7	13	fa42		ἐσπλαγχνίσθη ἐπ’ αὐτῇ	1	was deeply moved with compassion for her	“felt very sorry for her”
LUK	7	14	xt2t		προσελθὼν	1	he went up	“he went forward” or “he approached the dead man”
LUK	7	14	quy9		τῆς σοροῦ	1	the wooden frame holding the body	This was a stretcher or bed used to move the body to the burial place. It did not have to be something in which the body was buried. Other translations may have the less common “bier” or “funeral couch.”
LUK	7	14	lex4		σοὶ λέγω, ἐγέρθητι	1	I say to you, arise	Jesus says this to emphasize that the young man needs to obey him. “Listen to me! Arise”
LUK	7	15	er34		ὁ νεκρὸς	1	The dead man	The man was not still dead; he was now alive. It may be necessary to state this clearly. Alternate translation: “The man who had been dead”
LUK	7	16	fr41			0	Connecting Statement:	This tells what happens as a result of Jesus’ healing the man who had died.
LUK	7	16	rf1k	figs-activepassive	ἔλαβεν…φόβος πάντας	1	fear overcame all of them	“fear filled all of them.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they all became very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	16	jf1j	figs-activepassive	προφήτης μέγας ἠγέρθη ἐν ἡμῖν	1	A great prophet has been raised among us	They were referring to Jesus, not to some unidentified prophet. “Raised” here is an idiom for “caused to become.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has caused one of us to become a great prophet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]]) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	7	16	wn5b	figs-idiom	ἐπεσκέψατο	1	has looked upon	This idiom means “cared for” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	7	17	a7l7		καὶ ἐξῆλθεν ὁ λόγος οὗτος…περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	This news about him spread	“This news” refers to the things people were saying in verse 16. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People spread this report about Jesus” or “People told others this report about Jesus”
LUK	7	17	g4zt		ὁ λόγος οὗτος	1	This news	“This report” or “This message”
LUK	7	18	p9nd			0	Connecting Statement:	John sends two of his disciples to question Jesus.
LUK	7	18	xt3i	writing-newevent	ἀπήγγειλαν Ἰωάννῃ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ περὶ πάντων τούτων	1	John’s disciples told him concerning all these things	This introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	7	18	r11g		ἀπήγγειλαν Ἰωάννῃ	1	reported to John	“told John”
LUK	7	18	jf5m		πάντων τούτων	1	all these things	“all the things Jesus was doing”
LUK	7	20	ftb7	figs-quotations	οἱ ἄνδρες εἶπαν, Ἰωάννης ὁ Βαπτιστὴς ἀπέστειλεν ἡμᾶς πρὸς σὲ λέγων, σὺ εἶ…ἢ ἄλλον προσδοκῶμεν?	1	the men said, “John the Baptist has sent us to you to say, ‘Are you…or should we look for another?’”	This sentence can be rewritten so that it only has one direct quote. Alternate translation: “the men said that John the Baptist had sent them to him to ask, ‘Are you the one who is coming, or should we look for another?’” or “the men said, ‘John the Baptist has sent us to you to ask if you are the one who is coming, or if we should look for another.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	7	21	ys1b		ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ	1	In that hour	“At that time”
LUK	7	21	a7sm	figs-ellipsis	πνευμάτων πονηρῶν	1	from evil spirits	It may be helpful to restate the healing. Alternate translation: “he healed them from evil spirits” or “he set people free from evil spirits” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	7	22	lcm2		εἶπεν αὐτοῖς	1	said to them	“said to John’s messengers” or “said to the messengers that John sent”
LUK	7	22	b9n6		ἀπαγγείλατε Ἰωάννῃ	1	report to John	“tell John”
LUK	7	22	fvz7		νεκροὶ ἐγείρονται	1	dead people are being raised back to life	“dead people are being caused to live again”
LUK	7	22	qbe3		πτωχοὶ	1	poor people	“poor people”
LUK	7	23	y4px	figs-activepassive	καὶ μακάριός ἐστιν ὃς ἐὰν μὴ σκανδαλισθῇ ἐν ἐμοί	1	Blessed is anyone who does not take offense at me.	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will bless the person who does not stop believing in me because of my actions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	23	i5dl		καὶ μακάριός ἐστιν ὃς ἐὰν μὴ	1	Blessed is anyone who does not	“People who do not…are blessed” or “Anyone who does not…is blessed” or “Whoever does not…is blessed.” This is not a specific person.
LUK	7	23	i7zh	figs-doublenegatives	μὴ σκανδαλισθῇ ἐν ἐμοί	1	not take offense at me	This double negative means “continues to believe in me despite” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	7	24	k1zb			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to speak to the crowd about John the Baptist. He asks rhetorical questions to lead them to think about what John the Baptist is really like.
LUK	7	24	h9dw	figs-rquestion	τί…κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον?	1	What…A reed shaken by the wind?	This expects a negative answer. “Did you go out to see a reed shaken by the wind? Of course not!” It can also be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you did not go out to see a reed being shaken by the wind!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	7	24	gbv9	figs-metaphor	κάλαμον ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον	1	A reed shaken by the wind	Possible meanings of this metaphor are 1) a person who easily changes his mind, as reeds are easily moved by the wind, or 2) a person who talks a lot but does not say anything important, as reeds rattle when the wind blows. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	7	25	tcp3	figs-rquestion	ἀλλὰ τί…ἄνθρωπον ἐν μαλακοῖς ἱματίοις ἠμφιεσμένον?	1	But what…A man dressed in soft clothes?	This also expects a negative answer, since John wore rough garments. “Did you go out to see a man dressed in soft clothes? Of course not!” This can also be written as a statement. Alternate translation: You certainly did not go out to see a man dressed in soft clothes!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	7	25	a1wu	figs-explicit	ἐν μαλακοῖς ἱματίοις ἠμφιεσμένον	1	dressed in soft clothes	This refers to expensive clothing. Normal clothing was rough. Alternate translation: “wearing expensive clothing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	25	nn75		τοῖς βασιλείοις	1	kings’ palaces	A palace is a large, expensive house that a king lives in.
LUK	7	26	ym8l	figs-rquestion	ἀλλὰ τί…προφήτην?	1	But what…A prophet?	This leads to a positive answer. “Did you go out to see a prophet? Of course you did!” This can also be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “But you actually went out to see a prophet!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	7	26	ix16		ναί, λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Yes, I say to you	Jesus says this to emphasize the importance of what he will say next.
LUK	7	26	r7ud		περισσότερον προφήτου	1	more than a prophet	This phrase means that John was indeed a prophet, but that he was even greater than a typical prophet. Alternate translation: “not just an ordinary prophet” or “much more important than a normal prophet”
LUK	7	27	cg3r		οὗτός ἐστιν περὶ οὗ γέγραπται	1	This is he concerning whom it is written	“That prophet is the one the prophets wrote about” or “John is the one the prophets wrote about long ago”
LUK	7	27	wt2m		ἰδοὺ, ἀποστέλλω	1	See, I am sending	In this verse, Jesus is quoting the prophet Malachi and saying that John is the messenger of which Malachi spoke.
LUK	7	27	s8hg	figs-idiom	πρὸ προσώπου σου	1	before your face	This idiom means “in front of you” or “to go ahead of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	7	27	cc5u	figs-you	σου	1	your	The word “your” is singular because God was speaking to the Messiah in the quotation. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	7	28	yz6b	figs-you	λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	Jesus is speaking to the crowd, so “you” is plural. Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the truth of the surprising thing he is about to say next. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	7	28	rr11	figs-metaphor	ἐν γεννητοῖς γυναικῶν	1	among those born of women	“among those to whom a woman has given birth.” This is a metaphor that refers to all people. Alternate translation: “of all the people who have ever lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	7	28	gfz7		μείζων…Ἰωάννου οὐδείς ἐστιν	1	none is greater than John	“John is the greatest”
LUK	7	28	c33u		ὁ…μικρότερος ἐν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the one who is least in the kingdom of God	This refers to anyone who is part of the kingdom that God will establish.
LUK	7	28	r81b	figs-explicit	μείζων αὐτοῦ ἐστι	1	is greater than he is	The spiritual state of people in the kingdom of God will be higher than that of the people before the kingdom was established. Alternate translation: “has higher spiritual status than John” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	29	b6y2			0	General Information:	Luke, the author of this book, comments on how people responded to John and Jesus.
LUK	7	29	idv8		καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ἀκούσας…τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου	1	When all the people…God to be righteous	This verse could be reordered to be more clear. Alternate translation: “When all the people who had been baptized by John, including the tax collectors, heard this, they declared that God is righteous”
LUK	7	29	m5cn		ἐδικαίωσαν τὸν Θεόν	1	declared God to be righteous	“they said that God had shown himself to be righteous” or “they declared that God had acted righteously”
LUK	7	29	s9v6	figs-activepassive	βαπτισθέντες τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου	1	having been baptized with the baptism of John	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because they had let John baptize them” or “because John had baptized them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	30	v8f5		τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἠθέτησαν εἰς ἑαυτούς	1	rejected God’s purpose for themselves	“rejected what God wanted them to do” or “chose to disobey what God told them”
LUK	7	30	wqc3	figs-activepassive	μὴ βαπτισθέντες ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	not having been baptized by John	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they did not let John baptize them” or “they rejected John’s baptism” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	31	k99s			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking to the people about John the Baptist.
LUK	7	31	cs1j	figs-rquestion	τίνι οὖν ὁμοιώσω…τίνι εἰσὶν ὅμοιοι?	1	To what, then, can I compare…they like?	Jesus uses these questions to introduce a comparison. They can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “This is what I compare this generation to, and what they are like.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	7	31	ix8z	figs-parallelism	ὁμοιώσω…τίνι εἰσὶν ὅμοιοι	1	I compare…What are they like	These are two ways of saying that this is a comparison. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	7	31	ec4k		τοὺς ἀνθρώπους τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης	1	the people of this generation	The people living when Jesus spoke.
LUK	7	32	n8yp	figs-simile	ὅμοιοί εἰσιν	1	They are like	These words are the beginning of Jesus’ comparison. Jesus is saying that the people are like children who are never satisfied with the way other children act. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	7	32	f7hg		ἀγορᾷ	1	the marketplace	a large, open-air area where people come to sell their goods
LUK	7	32	xgg9		καὶ οὐκ ὠρχήσασθε	1	and you did not dance	“but you did not dance to the music”
LUK	7	32	m2k3		καὶ οὐκ ἐκλαύσατε	1	and you did not cry	“but you did not cry with us”
LUK	7	33	kbc7		μὴ ἐσθίων ἄρτον	1	neither eating bread	Possible meanings are 1) “frequently fasting” or 2) “not eating normal food.”
LUK	7	33	wka1	figs-quotations	λέγετε, δαιμόνιον ἔχει	1	you say, ‘He has a demon.’	Jesus was quoting what people were saying about John. This can be stated without the direct quote. Alternate translation: “you say that he has a demon.” or “you accuse him of having a demon.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	7	34	k33e	figs-123person	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	The Son of Man	Jesus expected the people to understand that he was referring to himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	7	34	s1um	figs-quotations	λέγετε, ἰδοὺ, ἄνθρωπος φάγος καὶ οἰνοπότης…ἁμαρτωλῶν.	1	you say, ‘Look, he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard…sinners!’	This can be translated as an indirect quote. If you translated “The Son of Man” as “I, the Son of man,” you can state this as an indirect statement and use the first person. Alternate translation: “you say that he is a gluttonous man and a drunkard…sinners.” or “you accuse him of eating and drinking too much and of being…sinners.” or “you say that I am a gluttonous man and a drunkard…sinners.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	7	34	am9s		ἄνθρωπος φάγος	1	a gluttonous man	“he is a greedy eater” or “he continually eats too much food”
LUK	7	34	chu4		οἰνοπότης	1	a drunkard	“a drunk” or “he continually drinks too much alcohol”
LUK	7	35	ba4g		ἐδικαιώθη ἡ σοφία ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς	1	wisdom is justified by all her children	This appears to be a proverb that Jesus applied to this situation, probably to teach that wise people would understand that the people should not have rejected Jesus and John.
LUK	7	36	q5p4			0	General Information:	It was a custom in that time for onlookers to attend dinners without eating.
LUK	7	36	fd2c			0	Connecting Statement:	A Pharisee invites Jesus to eat at his house.
LUK	7	36	lhd4	writing-newevent	δέ τις…τῶν Φαρισαίων	1	Now one of the Pharisees	The marks the beginning of a new part of the story and introduces the Pharisee into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	7	36	dy31		κατεκλίθη	1	he reclined at the table	“sat down at the table for the meal.” It was the custom at a relaxed meal such as this dinner for men to eat while lying down comfortably around the table.
LUK	7	37	a9iu	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ γυνὴ…ἦν	1	Now behold, there was a woman	The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	7	37	x4sk		ἥτις ἦν…ἁμαρτωλός	1	who was a sinner	“who lived a sinful lifestyle” or “who had a reputation for living a sinful life.” She may have been a prostitute.
LUK	7	37	apx8		ἀλάβαστρον	1	an alabaster jar	“a jar made of soft stone.” Alabaster is a soft, white rock. People stored precious things in alabaster jars.
LUK	7	37	a954		μύρου	1	of perfumed oil	“with perfume in it.” The oil had something in it that made it smell nice. People rubbed it on themselves or sprinkled their clothing with it in order to smell nice.
LUK	7	38	v5xh		ταῖς θριξὶν τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτῆς	1	with the hair of her head	“with her hair”
LUK	7	38	i93v		ἤλειφεν τῷ μύρῳ	1	anointed them with perfumed oil	“poured perfume on them”
LUK	7	39	u455		εἶπεν ἐν ἑαυτῷ λέγων	1	he said to himself, saying	“he said to himself”
LUK	7	39	xc9v		οὗτος εἰ ἦν προφήτης, ἐγίνωσκεν…ἁμαρτωλός ἐστιν	1	If this man were a prophet, then he would know…a sinner	The Pharisee thought that Jesus was not a prophet because he allowed the sinful woman to touch him. Alternate translation: “Apparently Jesus is not a prophet, because a prophet would know that this woman who is touching him is a sinner”
LUK	7	39	tbq3	figs-explicit	ὅτι ἁμαρτωλός ἐστιν	1	that she is a sinner	Simon assumed that a prophet would never allow a sinner to touch him. This part of his assumption can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “that she is a sinner, and he would not allow her to touch him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	40	u3cg		Σίμων	1	Simon	This was the name of the Pharisee who invited Jesus into his home. This was not Simon Peter.
LUK	7	41	sv92	figs-parables		0	General Information:	To emphasize what he is going to tell Simon the Pharisee, Jesus tells him a story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	7	41	fcq6		δύο χρεοφιλέται ἦσαν: δανιστῇ τινι	1	A certain moneylender had two debtors	“Two men owed money to a certain moneylender”
LUK	7	41	snz6	translate-bmoney	δηνάρια πεντακόσια	1	five hundred denarii	“500 days’ wages.” “Denarii” is the plural of “denarius.” A “denarius” was a silver coin. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	7	41	i92j		ὁ…ἕτερος πεντήκοντα	1	the other fifty	“the other debtor owed fifty denarii” or “50 days’ wages”
LUK	7	42	lbq6		ἀμφοτέροις ἐχαρίσατο	1	he forgave them both	“he forgave their debts” or “he canceled their debts”
LUK	7	43	uyj6		ὑπολαμβάνω	1	I suppose	Simon was cautious about his answer. Alternate translation: “Probably”
LUK	7	43	zqz4		ὀρθῶς ἔκρινας	1	You have judged correctly	“You are right”
LUK	7	44	s7g6		στραφεὶς πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα	1	he turned to the woman	Jesus directed Simon’s attention to the woman by turning to her.
LUK	7	44	mw7d	figs-explicit	ὕδωρ μοι ἐπὶ πόδας οὐκ ἔδωκας	1	You gave me no water for my feet	It was a basic responsibility of a host to provide water and a towel for guests to wash and dry their feet after walking on dusty roads. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	44	mw58		οὐκ ἔδωκας; αὕτη δὲ	1	You did not give…but she	Jesus twice uses these phrases to contrast Simon’s lack of courtesy with the woman’s extreme actions of gratitude.
LUK	7	44	am5z		αὕτη…τοῖς δάκρυσιν ἔβρεξέν μου τοὺς πόδας	1	she has wet my feet with her tears	The woman used her tears in place of the missing water.
LUK	7	44	ld62		ταῖς θριξὶν αὐτῆς ἐξέμαξεν	1	wiped them with her hair	The woman used her hair in place of the missing towel.
LUK	7	45	xj92	figs-explicit	φίλημά μοι οὐκ ἔδωκας	1	You did not give me a kiss	A good host in that culture would greet his guest with a kiss on the cheek. Simon did not do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	45	r2jj		οὐ διέλιπεν καταφιλοῦσά μου τοὺς πόδας	1	did not stop kissing my feet	“has continued to kiss my feet”
LUK	7	45	u3er		καταφιλοῦσά μου τοὺς πόδας	1	kissing my feet	The woman kissed the feet of Jesus rather than his cheek as a sign of extreme repentance and humility.
LUK	7	46	j8wj		οὐκ ἤλειψας; αὕτη δὲ	1	You did not anoint…but she	Jesus continues to contrast Simon’s poor hospitality with the actions of the woman.
LUK	7	46	le9a	figs-explicit	ἐλαίῳ τὴν κεφαλήν μου…ἤλειψας	1	anoint my head with oil	“put oil on my head.” This was the custom to welcome an honored guest. Alternate translation: “welcome me by anointing my head with oil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	46	g6va		ἤλειψεν τοὺς πόδας μου	1	anointed my feet	The woman greatly honored Jesus by doing this. She demonstrated humility by anointing his feet instead of his head.
LUK	7	47	kwc5		λέγω σοι	1	I say to you	This emphasizes the importance of the statement that follows.
LUK	7	47	clu2	figs-activepassive	ἀφέωνται αἱ ἁμαρτίαι αὐτῆς αἱ πολλαί	1	her sins, which were many, have been forgiven	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has forgiven her many sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	47	jql4		ὅτι ἠγάπησεν πολύ	1	for she loved much	Her love was the evidence that her sins were forgiven. Some languages require that the object of “love” be stated. Alternate translation: “for she greatly loves the one who forgave her” or “for she loves God very much”
LUK	7	47	qd9q	figs-explicit	ᾧ…ὀλίγον ἀφίεται	1	the one who is forgiven little	“anyone who is forgiven only a few things.” In this sentence Jesus states a general principle. However, he expected Simon to understand that he showed very little love for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	48	c7hj		εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῇ	1	Then he said to her	“Then he said to the woman”
LUK	7	48	lq5v	figs-activepassive	ἀφέωνταί σου αἱ ἁμαρτίαι	1	Your sins are forgiven	“You are forgiven.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I forgive your sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	7	49	enw4		συνανακείμενοι	1	reclining together	“reclining together around the table” or “eating together”
LUK	7	49	ie4z	figs-rquestion	τίς οὗτός ἐστιν ὃς καὶ ἁμαρτίας ἀφίησιν?	1	Who is this that even forgives sins?	The religious leaders knew that only God could forgive sins and did not believe that Jesus was God. This question was probably intended to be an accusation. Alternate translation: “Who does this man think he is? Only God can forgive sins!” or “Why is this man pretending to be God, who alone can forgive sins?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	7	50	lje8	figs-abstractnouns	ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε	1	Your faith has saved you	“Because of your faith, you are saved.” The abstract noun “faith” could be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “Because you believe, you are saved” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	7	50	sp2u		πορεύου εἰς εἰρήνην	1	Go in peace	This is a way of saying good-bye while giving a blessing at the same time. Alternate translation: “As you go, do not worry anymore” or “May God give you peace as you go”
LUK	8	intro	ba3i			0		# Luke 08 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Several times in this chapter Luke changes his topic without marking the change. You should not try to make these rough changes smooth.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Miracles<br><br>Jesus made a storm stop by speaking to it, he made a dead girl alive by speaking to her, and he made evil spirits leave a man by speaking to them. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/miracle]])<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Parables<br><br>The parables were short stories that Jesus told so that people would easily understand the lesson he was trying to teach them. He also told the stories so that those who did not want to believe in him would not understand the truth ([Luke 8:4-15](./04.md)).<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Brothers and sisters<br><br>Most people call those who have the same parents “brother” and “sister” and think of them as the most important people in their lives. Many people also call those with the same grandparents “brother” and “sister.” In this chapter Jesus says that the most important people to him are those who obey his Father in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/brother]])<br>
LUK	8	1	f72n			0	General Information:	These verses give background information about Jesus’ preaching while traveling.
LUK	8	1	i6mi	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It happened that	This phrase is used here to mark a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	8	2	g99l	figs-activepassive	αἳ ἦσαν τεθεραπευμέναι ἀπὸ πνευμάτων πονηρῶν καὶ ἀσθενειῶν	1	who had been healed of evil spirits and diseases	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Jesus had set free from evil spirits and healed of diseases” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	2	jq4g	translate-names	Μαρία	1	Mary	One of the “certain women.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	8	2	n4x6	figs-activepassive	Μαρία ἡ καλουμένη Μαγδαληνή…δαιμόνια ἑπτὰ ἐξεληλύθει	1	Mary who was called Magdalene…seven demons had gone out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Mary, whom people called Magdalene…Jesus had driven out seven demons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	3	tfz5	translate-names	Ἰωάννα…Σουσάννα	1	Joanna…Susanna	Two of the “certain women” (verse 2). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	8	3	w9kl	translate-names	Ἰωάννα γυνὴ Χουζᾶ ἐπιτρόπου Ἡρῴδου	1	Joanna, the wife of Chuza, Herod’s manager	Joanna was Chuza’s wife, and Chuza was Herod’s manager. “Joanna, the wife of Herod’s manager, Chuza” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	8	3	k9m5		διηκόνουν αὐτοῖς	1	were providing for them	“financially supported Jesus and his twelve disciples”
LUK	8	4	yet7	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus tells the parable of the soils to the crowd. He explains its meaning to his disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	8	4	r1qk		ἐπιπορευομένων πρὸς αὐτὸν	1	coming to him	“coming to Jesus”
LUK	8	5	ndc3		ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπεῖραι τὸν σπόρον αὐτοῦ	1	A farmer went out to sow his seed	“A farmer went out to scatter some seed in a field” or “A farmer went out to scatter some seeds in a field”
LUK	8	5	cv1h		ὃ μὲν ἔπεσεν	1	some fell	“some of the seed fell” or “some of the seeds fell”
LUK	8	5	a5mz	figs-activepassive	κατεπατήθη	1	it was trampled underfoot	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people walked on it” or “people walked on them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	5	n8bw		τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ	1	the birds of the sky	This idiom can be translated simply as “birds” or as “birds flew down and” to keep the sense of “sky.”
LUK	8	5	lt8n		κατέφαγεν αὐτό	1	devoured it	“ate it all” or “ate them all”
LUK	8	6	k6a4		ἐξηράνθη	1	it withered away	“each plant became dry and shriveled up” or “the plants became dry and shriveled up”
LUK	8	6	ktz7		μὴ ἔχειν ἰκμάδα	1	it had no moisture	“it was too dry” or “they were too dry.” The cause can also be stated. Alternate translation: “the ground was too dry”
LUK	8	7	f6m8			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes telling the parable to the crowd.
LUK	8	7	xzq2		ἀπέπνιξαν αὐτό	1	choked it	The thorn plants took all the nutrients, water, and sunlight, so the farmer’s plants could not grow well.
LUK	8	8	scs9		ἐποίησεν καρπὸν	1	produced a crop	“grew a harvest” or “grew more seeds”
LUK	8	8	q12t	figs-ellipsis	ἑκατονταπλασίονα	1	a hundred times greater	This means a hundred times more than the seeds that were sown. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	8	8	b92z	figs-metonymy	ὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν, ἀκουέτω	1	Whoever has ears to hear, let him hear	Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase “ears to hear” here is a metonym for the willingness to understand and obey. Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. Alternate translation: “Let the one who is willing to listen, listen” or “The one who is willing to understand, let him understand and obey” or “If you are willing to listen, listen” or “If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]]…[[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	8	9	vnc7			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to speak to his disciples.
LUK	8	10	je1f	figs-activepassive	ὑμῖν δέδοται γνῶναι τὰ μυστήρια τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	To you has been granted to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has given to you the knowledge of…God” or “God has made you able to understand…God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	10	s7xp		τὰ μυστήρια τῆς Βασιλείας τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the mysteries of the kingdom of God	These are truths that have been hidden, but Jesus is now revealing them.
LUK	8	10	l6sk		τοῖς…λοιποῖς	1	to the rest	“for other people.” This refers to the people who rejected the teaching of Jesus and did not follow him.
LUK	8	10	xtu6		βλέποντες μὴ βλέπωσιν	1	Seeing they may not see	“though they see, they will not perceive.” This is a quote from the prophet Isaiah. Some languages may need to state the object of the verbs. Alternate translation: “though they see things, they will not understand them” or “though they see things happen, they will not understand what they mean”
LUK	8	10	k4es		ἀκούοντες μὴ συνιῶσιν	1	hearing they may not understand	“though they hear, they will not understand.” This is a quote from the prophet Isaiah. Some languages may need to state the object of the verbs. Alternate translation: “though they hear instruction, they will not understand the truth”
LUK	8	11	vp8a			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to explain the meaning of the parable of the soils to his disciples.
LUK	8	11	hb1t		ὁ σπόρος ἐστὶν ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	The seed is the word of God	“The seed is the message from God”
LUK	8	12	xsa7	figs-metonymy	οἱ…παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν εἰσιν οἱ ἀκούσαντες	1	The ones along the path are	“The seeds that fell along the path are those.” Jesus tells what happens to the seeds as it relates to people. Alternate translation: “The seeds that fell along the path represent people” or “In the parable, the seeds that fell along the path represent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	12	c26l	figs-metonymy	εἰσιν οἱ	1	are those who	Jesus speaks of the seeds showing something about people as if the seeds were the people. Alternate translation: “show what happens to people who” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	12	jb9t	figs-metonymy	ἔρχεται ὁ διάβολος καὶ αἴρει τὸν λόγον ἀπὸ τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν	1	the devil comes and takes away the word from their hearts	Here “hearts is a metonym for people’s minds or inner beings. Alternate translation: “the devil comes and takes away the message of God from their inner thoughts” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	12	h969	figs-metaphor	αἴρει	1	takes away	In the parable this was a metaphor of a bird snatching away the seeds. Try to use words in your language that keep that image. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	8	12	g7r7	figs-activepassive	ἵνα μὴ πιστεύσαντες σωθῶσιν	1	so they may not believe and be saved	This is the devil’s purpose. Alternate translation: “because the devil thinks, ‘They must not believe and they must not be saved’” or “so it will not be that they believe and God saves them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	13	juq1	figs-metonymy	οἱ…ἐπὶ τῆς πέτρας	1	The ones on the rock	“The seeds that fell on the rocky soil are those.” Jesus tells what happens to the seeds as it relates to people. Alternate translation: “The seeds that fell on the rocky soil represent people” or “In the parable the seeds that fell on the rocky soil represent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	13	ar4x		τῆς πέτρας	1	the rock	“the rocky soil”
LUK	8	13	bm51		ἐν καιρῷ πειρασμοῦ	1	in a time of testing	“when they experience hardship”
LUK	8	13	e5rw	figs-idiom	ἀφίστανται	1	they fall away	This idiom means “they stop believing” or “they stop following Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	8	14	k4u4	figs-metonymy	τὸ…εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας πεσόν, οὗτοί εἰσιν	1	The ones that fell among the thorns, these are	“The seeds that fell among the thorns represent people” or “In the parable the seeds that fell among the thorns represent people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	14	y3ue	figs-activepassive	ἡδονῶν τοῦ βίου, πορευόμενοι	1	they are choked…pleasures of this life	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the cares and riches and pleasures of this life choke them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	14	uut6		μεριμνῶν	1	the cares	things that people worry about
LUK	8	14	b384		ἡδονῶν τοῦ βίου	1	pleasures of this life	“the things in this life that people enjoy”
LUK	8	14	cz7w	figs-metaphor	ὑπὸ μεριμνῶν, καὶ πλούτου, καὶ ἡδονῶν τοῦ βίου, πορευόμενοι συνπνίγονται καὶ οὐ τελεσφοροῦσιν	1	they are choked by the cares and riches and pleasures of this life, and they do not produce mature fruit	This metaphor refers to the way weeds cut off light and nutrients from plants and keep them from growing. Alternate translation: “as weeds prevent good plants from growing, the cares, riches, and pleasures of this life keep these people from becoming mature” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	8	14	xhv7	figs-metaphor	οὐ τελεσφοροῦσιν	1	they do not produce mature fruit	“they do not bear ripe fruit.” Mature fruit is a metaphor for good works. Alternate translation: “so like a plant that does not produce mature fruit, they do not produce good works” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	8	15	m2hb	figs-metonymy	τὸ…ἐν τῇ καλῇ γῇ, οὗτοί εἰσιν οἵτινες	1	the ones that fell on the good soil, these are the ones	“the seed that fell on the good soil represents the people” or “in the parable the seed that fell on the good soil represents the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	15	l62d		ἀκούσαντες τὸν λόγον	1	hearing the word	“hearing the message”
LUK	8	15	pbi7	figs-metonymy	ἐν καρδίᾳ καλῇ καὶ ἀγαθῇ	1	with an honest and good heart	Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s thoughts or intentions. Alternate translation: “with an honest and good desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	8	15	i51s	figs-metaphor	καρποφοροῦσιν ἐν ὑπομονῇ	1	bear fruit with patient endurance	“produce fruit by enduring patiently” or “produce fruit by continued effort.” Fruit is a metaphor for good works. Alternate translation: “like healthy plants that produce good fruit, they produce good works by persevering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	8	16	p1rb			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues with another parable then he finishes speaking to his disciples as he emphasizes the role of his family in his work.
LUK	8	16	n86n	figs-parables	οὐδεὶς	1	No one	This marks the beginning of another parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	8	17	n5ca	figs-doublenegatives	οὐ…ἐστιν κρυπτὸν ὃ οὐ φανερὸν γενήσεται	1	nothing is hidden that will not be made known	This double negative can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “everything that is hidden will be made known” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	8	17	iv9q	figs-doublenegatives	οὐδὲ ἀπόκρυφον ὃ οὐ μὴ γνωσθῇ καὶ εἰς φανερὸν ἔλθῃ	1	nor is anything secret that will not be known and come into the light	This double negative can be written as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “and everything that is secret will be made known and will come into the light” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	8	18	bq9f	figs-ellipsis	ὃς ἂν…ἔχῃ, δοθήσεται αὐτῷ	1	to whoever has, more will be given to him	It is clear from the context that Jesus is talking about understanding and believing. This can be stated clearly and changed to active form. Alternate translation: “whoever has understanding will be given more understanding” or “God will enable those who believe the truth to understand even more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	18	ihh9	figs-ellipsis	καὶ ὃς ἂν μὴ ἔχῃ…ἀρθήσεται ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	but whoever does not have…will be taken away from him	It is clear from the context that Jesus is talking about understanding and believing. This can be stated clearly and changed to active form. Alternate translation: “But whoever does not have understanding will lose even what understanding he thinks he has” or “But God will cause those who do not believe the truth not to understand even the little that they think they have understood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	19	dw3m		οἱ ἀδελφοὶ	1	brothers	These were Jesus’ younger brothers—the other sons of Mary and Joseph who were born after Jesus. Since the Father of Jesus was God, and their father was Joseph, they were technically his half-brothers. This detail is not normally translated.
LUK	8	20	wr4t	figs-activepassive	ἀπηγγέλη…αὐτῷ	1	he was told	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People told him” or “Someone told him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	20	un5d		ἰδεῖν θέλοντές σε	1	wanting to see you	“and they want to see you”
LUK	8	21	b97u	figs-metaphor	μήτηρ μου καὶ ἀδελφοί μου, οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀκούοντες καὶ ποιοῦντες	1	My mother and my brothers are those who hear the word of God and do it	This metaphor expresses that the people who were coming to listen to Jesus were as important to him as his own family was. Alternate translation: “Those who hear the word of God and obey it are like a mother and brothers to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	8	21	edk3		τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the word of God	“the message God has spoken”
LUK	8	22	x3qi			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus and his disciples use a boat to cross Lake Genneseret. The disciples learn more about Jesus’ power through the storm that arises.
LUK	8	22	w1pk		τῆς λίμνης	1	the lake	This is the lake of Genneseret, which is also called the Sea of Galilee.
LUK	8	22	btk8		ἀνήχθησαν	1	They set sail	This expression means they began to travel across the lake in their sailboat.
LUK	8	23	vh2v		πλεόντων…αὐτῶν	1	as they sailed	“as they went”
LUK	8	23	sf8z		ἀφύπνωσεν	1	he fell asleep	“began to sleep”
LUK	8	23	mdb5		κατέβη λαῖλαψ ἀνέμου	1	a terrible windstorm came down	“a storm of very strong winds began” or “very strong winds suddenly began to blow”
LUK	8	23	uki7	figs-explicit	συνεπληροῦντο	1	their boat was filling with water	The strong winds caused high waves which pushed water over the sides of the boat. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “the winds caused high waves that started to fill up their boat with water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	24	uhe4		ἐπετίμησεν	1	rebuked	spoke sharply to
LUK	8	24	t1yy		τῷ κλύδωνι, τοῦ ὕδατος	1	the raging of the water	“the violent waves”
LUK	8	24	v1c3		ἐπαύσαντο	1	they ceased	“the wind and the waves stopped” or “they became still”
LUK	8	25	d8c3	figs-rquestion	ποῦ ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν?	1	Where is your faith?	Jesus rebukes them mildly because they do not trust him to take care of them. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have faith!” or “You should trust me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	8	25	f2wp	figs-rquestion	τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν…ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ?	1	Who then is this…obey him?	“What kind of man is this…obey him?” This question expresses shock and confusion over how Jesus is able to control the storm. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	8	25	wjv3		τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν, ὅτι καὶ τοῖς ἀνέμοις ἐπιτάσσει…ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ?	1	Who then is this, that he commands…obey him?	This can be turned into two sentences: “Who then is this? He commands…obey him!”
LUK	8	26	ubb1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus and his disciples come ashore at Gerasa where Jesus removes many demons from a man.
LUK	8	26	f17p	translate-names	τὴν χώραν τῶν Γερασηνῶν	1	the region of the Gerasenes	Gerasenes were people from the city called Gerasa. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	8	26	p9zp		ἀντιπέρα τῆς Γαλιλαίας	1	olpposite Galilee	“on the other side of the lake from Galilee”
LUK	8	27	hjh5		ἀνήρ τις ἐκ τῆς πόλεως	1	a certain man from the city	“a man from the city of Gerasa”
LUK	8	27	rnl4		ἀνήρ τις ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἔχων δαιμόνια	1	a certain man from the city…having demons	The man had demons; it was not the city that had demons. Alternate translation: “a certain man from the city, and this man had demons”
LUK	8	27	ji6p		ἔχων δαιμόνια	1	having demons	“who was controlled by demons” or “whom demons controlled”
LUK	8	27	xhw7	writing-background	καὶ χρόνῳ ἱκανῷ οὐκ ἐνεδύσατο ἱμάτιον…ἀλλ’ ἐν τοῖς μνήμασιν	1	For a long time he had worn no clothes…but among the tombs	This is background information about the man who had demons. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	8	27	ah29		οὐκ ἐνεδύσατο ἱμάτιον	1	he had worn no clothes	“he had not worn clothes”
LUK	8	27	we6n		τοῖς μνήμασιν	1	the tombs	These are places where people put dead bodies, possibly caves or small buildings that the man could use for shelter.
LUK	8	28	ip59		ἰδὼν…τὸν Ἰησοῦν	1	When he saw Jesus	“When the man who had the demon saw Jesus”
LUK	8	28	n4ex		ἀνακράξας	1	he cried out	“he screamed” or “he shrieked”
LUK	8	28	fak9	translate-symaction	προσέπεσεν αὐτῷ	1	fell down before him	“lay down on the ground before Jesus.” He did not fall accidentally. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	8	28	m21e		φωνῇ μεγάλῃ εἶπεν	1	he said in a loud voice	“he said loudly” or “he shouted out”
LUK	8	28	lv2b	figs-idiom	τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί	1	What is that to me and to you	This idiom means “Why are you bothering me?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	8	28	ptt1	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Υἱὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου	1	Son of the Most High God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	8	29	j3yj		πολλοῖς…χρόνοις συνηρπάκει αὐτόν	1	many times it had seized him	“many times it had taken control of the man” or “many times it had gone into him.” This tells about what the demon had done many times before Jesus met the man.
LUK	8	29	bxz4	figs-activepassive	καὶ ἐδεσμεύετο…φυλασσόμενος	1	though he was bound…and kept under guard	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “though the people had bound him with chains and shackles and guarded him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	29	bey5	figs-activepassive	ἠλαύνετο ὑπὸ τοῦ δαιμονίου	1	he would be driven by the demon	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the demon would make him go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	30	p31w		λεγεών	1	Legion	Translate this with a word that refers to a large number of soldiers or people. Some other translations say “Army.” Alternate translation: “Battalion” or “Brigade”
LUK	8	31	qcn1		παρεκάλουν αὐτὸν	1	kept begging him	“kept begging Jesus”
LUK	8	32	b3vt	writing-background	ἦν δὲ ἐκεῖ ἀγέλη χοίρων ἱκανῶν βοσκομένη ἐν τῷ ὄρει	1	Now a large herd of pigs was there feeding on the hillside	This is supplied as background information to introduce the pigs. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	8	32	q8w5		ἦν…ἐκεῖ…βοσκομένη ἐν τῷ ὄρει	1	was there feeding on the hillside	“was nearby eating grass on a hill”
LUK	8	33	na38		ἐξελθόντα δὲ τὰ δαιμόνια	1	So the demons came out	The word “so” is used here to explain that the reason the demons came of out the man was because Jesus had told them that they could go into the pigs.
LUK	8	33	gz5x		ὥρμησεν	1	rushed	ran very fast
LUK	8	33	ja6x		ἡ ἀγέλη…ἀπεπνίγη	1	the herd…was drowned	“the herd…drowned.” No one caused the pigs to drown once they were in the water.
LUK	8	35	ju71		εὗραν…τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ἀφ’ οὗ τὰ δαιμόνια ἐξῆλθεν	1	found the man from whom the demons had gone out	“saw the man whom the demons had left”
LUK	8	35	w3tq		σωφρονοῦντα	1	in his right mind	“sane” or “behaving normally”
LUK	8	35	x9lp	figs-idiom	καθήμενον…παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	sitting at the feet of Jesus	“sitting at the feet” here is an idiom that means “sitting humbly nearby” or “sitting in front of.” Alternate translation: “sitting on the ground in front of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	8	35	j89t	figs-ellipsis	ἐφοβήθησαν	1	they were afraid	It may be helpful to state explicitly that they were afraid of Jesus. Alternate translation: “they were afraid of Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	8	36	xtf3		οἱ ἰδόντες	1	those who had seen it	“those who had seen what had happened”
LUK	8	36	kv18	figs-activepassive	ἐσώθη ὁ δαιμονισθείς	1	the man who had been possessed by demons had been healed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Jesus had healed the man whom demons had possessed” or “Jesus had healed the man whom demons had controlled” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	37	ai7m		τῆς περιχώρου τῶν Γερασηνῶν	1	the region of the Gerasenes	“that area of the Gerasenes” or “the area where the Gerasene people lived”
LUK	8	37	jbh5	figs-activepassive	φόβῳ μεγάλῳ συνείχοντο	1	they were overwhelmed with great fear	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they became very afraid” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	37	ue8c	figs-ellipsis	ὑπέστρεψεν	1	to return	The destination can be stated. Alternate translation: “go back across the lake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	8	38	s25w		ὁ ἀνὴρ	1	The man	The events in these verses happened before Jesus left in the boat. It may be helpful to state this clearly at the beginning. Alternate translation: “Before Jesus and his disciples left, the man” or “Before Jesus and his disciples set sail, the man”
LUK	8	39	zl3v		τὸν οἶκόν σου	1	your home	“your household” or “your family”
LUK	8	39	c9nh		διηγοῦ ὅσα σοι ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεός	1	describe all that God has done for you	“tell them everything about what God has done for you”
LUK	8	40	w2wn	writing-background		0	General Information:	These verses give background information about Jairus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	8	40	m81w			0	Connecting Statement:	When Jesus and his disciples return to Galilee on the other side of the lake, he heals the 12-year-old daughter of the ruler of the synagogue as well as a woman who has been bleeding for 12 years.
LUK	8	40	yd57		ἀπεδέξατο αὐτὸν ὁ ὄχλος	1	the crowd welcomed him	“the crowd joyfully greeted him”
LUK	8	41	avi8		ἄρχων τῆς συναγωγῆς	1	a leader of the synagogue	“one of the leaders at the local synagogue” or “a leader of the people who met at the synagogue in that city”
LUK	8	41	epa2	translate-symaction	πεσὼν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας Ἰησοῦ	1	Falling at the feet of Jesus	Possible meanings are 1) “bowed down at Jesus feet” or 2) “lay down on the ground at Jesus feet.” Jairus did not fall accidentally. He did this as a sign of humility and respect for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	8	42	kq2v		ἀπέθνῃσκεν	1	was dying	“was about to die”
LUK	8	42	ymb1	figs-explicit	ἐν…τῷ ὑπάγειν αὐτὸν	1	As Jesus was on his way	Some translators may need to first say that Jesus had agreed to go with Jairus. Alternate translation: “So Jesus agreed to go with him. As he was on his way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	42	kw2y		οἱ ὄχλοι συνέπνιγον αὐτόν	1	the crowds of people were pressing around him	“the people were crowding tightly around Jesus”
LUK	8	43	l7pu	writing-participants	γυνὴ οὖσα	1	there was a woman	This introduces a new character in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	8	43	h9uq	figs-euphemism	ἐν ῥύσει αἵματος	1	with a flow of blood	“had a flow of blood.” She was probably bleeding from her womb even when it was not the normal time for it. Some cultures may have a polite way of referring to this condition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
LUK	8	43	zb4a	figs-activepassive	οὐκ ἴσχυσεν ἀπ’ οὐδενὸς θεραπευθῆναι	1	was not able to be healed by anyone	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but no one could heal her” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	8	44	vwe6		ἥψατο τοῦ κρασπέδου τοῦ ἱματίου αὐτοῦ	1	touched the edge of his coat	“touched the fringe of his robe.” Jewish men wore tassels on the edges of their robes as a part of their ceremonial dress as commanded in God’s Law. This is likely what she touched.
LUK	8	45	c3wm	figs-explicit	οἱ ὄχλοι…ἀποθλίβουσιν	1	the crowds of people…are pressing against you	By saying this, Peter was implying that anyone could have touched Jesus. This implicit information can be made explicit if necessary. Alternate translation: “there are many people crowding around you and pressing in against you, so any one of them might have touched you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	46	u6am	figs-explicit	ἥψατό μού τις	1	Someone did touch me	It may be helpful to distinguish this intentional “touch” from the accidental touches of the crowd. Alternate translation: “Someone deliberately touched me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	46	zmu9	figs-explicit	ἐγὼ…ἔγνων δύναμιν ἐξεληλυθυῖαν ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ	1	I know that power has gone out from me	Jesus did not lose power or become weak, but his power healed the woman. Alternate translation: “I know that healing power went out from me” or “I felt my power heal someone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	47	cwn4	figs-ellipsis	ὅτι οὐκ ἔλαθεν	1	that she could not escape notice	“that she could not keep secret what she had done.” It may be helpful to state what she did. Alternate translation: “that she could not keep it a secret that she was the one who had touched Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	8	47	vua6		τρέμουσα ἦλθεν	1	she came trembling	“she came trembling with fear”
LUK	8	47	vxl7		προσπεσοῦσα αὐτῷ	1	fell down before him	Possible meanings are 1) “bowed down in front of Jesus” or 2) “lay down on the ground at Jesus’ feet.” She did not fall accidentally. This was a sign of humility and respect for Jesus.
LUK	8	47	f5mz		ἐνώπιον παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ	1	In the presence of all the people	“In the sight of all the people”
LUK	8	48	v4m9		θύγατερ	1	Daughter	This was a kind way of speaking to a woman. Your language may have another way of showing this kindness.
LUK	8	48	uja4	figs-abstractnouns	ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε	1	your faith has made you well	“because of your faith, you have become well.” The abstract noun “faith” could be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “because you believe, you are healed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	8	48	ch7m	figs-idiom	πορεύου εἰς εἰρήνην	1	Go in peace	This idiom is a way of saying, “Goodbye” and giving a blessing at the same time. Alternate translation: “As you go, do not worry anymore” or “May God give you peace as you go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	8	49	m58z		ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος	1	While he was still speaking	“While Jesus was still speaking to the woman”
LUK	8	49	deu3		τοῦ ἀρχισυναγώγου	1	the synagogue leader’s house	This refers to Jairus ([Luke 8:41](../08/41.md)).
LUK	8	49	id9v	figs-explicit	μηκέτι σκύλλε τὸν διδάσκαλον	1	Do not trouble the teacher any longer	This statement implies that Jesus will not be able to do anything to help now that the girl is dead. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	49	n6ez		τὸν διδάσκαλον	1	the teacher	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	8	50	ej1b		σωθήσεται	1	she will be healed	“she will be well” or “she will live again”
LUK	8	51	gl9g		ἐλθὼν δὲ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν	1	When he came to the house	“When they came to the house.” Jesus went there with Jairus. Also some of Jesus’ disciples went with them.
LUK	8	51	qal2		οὐκ ἀφῆκεν…τινα…εἰ μὴ Πέτρον, καὶ Ἰωάννην, καὶ Ἰάκωβον, καὶ τὸν πατέρα τῆς παιδὸς, καὶ τὴν μητέρα	1	he did not allowed anyone…except Peter and John and James, and the father of the child and her mother	This could be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Jesus allowed only Peter, John, James, and the girl’s father and mother to go inside with him”
LUK	8	51	i4v1		τὸν πατέρα τῆς παιδὸς	1	the father of the child	This refers to Jairus.
LUK	8	52	tt9v	figs-explicit	ἔκλαιον…πάντες καὶ ἐκόπτοντο αὐτήν	1	all were mourning and wailing for her	This was the normal way of showing grief in that culture. Alternate translation: “all the people there were showing how sad they were and crying loudly because the girl had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	53	nu8w		κατεγέλων αὐτοῦ, εἰδότες ὅτι ἀπέθανεν	1	laughed at him, knowing that she	“laughed at him because they knew the girl”
LUK	8	54	e7zt		αὐτὸς…κρατήσας τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῆς	1	he taking hold of her hand	“Jesus took hold of the girl’s hand”
LUK	8	55	k6w2	figs-explicit	ἐπέστρεψεν τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτῆς	1	her spirit returned	“Her spirit returned to her body.” The Jews understood that life was the result of the spirit coming into a person. Alternate translation: “She started breathing again” or “She came back to life” or “She became alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	8	56	c6mp		μηδενὶ εἰπεῖν	1	to tell no one	This could be stated differently. Alternate translation: “not to tell anyone”
LUK	9	intro	uc1r			0		# Luke 09 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “To preach the kingdom of God”<br><br>No one knows for sure what the words “kingdom of God” here refer to. Some say it refers to the reign of God on earth, and others say it refers to the gospel message that Jesus died to pay for the his people’s sins. It is best to translate this as “to preach about the kingdom of God” or “to teach them about how God was going to show himself as king.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])<br><br>### Elijah<br><br>God had promised the Jews that the prophet Elijah would return before the Messiah came, so some people who saw Jesus do miracles thought Jesus was Elijah ([Luke 9:9](../../luk/09/09.md), [Luke 9:19](../../luk/09/19.md)). However, Elijah did come to earth to speak with Jesus ([Luke 9:30](../../luk/09/30.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/christ]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/names/elijah]])<br><br>### “Kingdom of God”<br><br>The term “kingdom of God” is used in this chapter to refer to a kingdom that was still in the future when the words were spoken. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]])<br><br>### Glory<br><br>Scripture often speaks of God’s glory as a great, brilliant light. When people see this light, they are afraid. Luke says in this chapter that Jesus’ clothing shone with this glorious light so that his followers could see that Jesus truly was God’s Son. At the same time, God told them that Jesus was his Son. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/glory]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/fear]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. An example in this chapter is: “Whoever would save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will save it.” ([Luke 9:24](../../luk/09/24.md)).<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 9:22](../../luk/09/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br><br>### “Receiving”<br><br>This word appears several times in this chapter and means different things. When Jesus says, “If someone receives a little child like this in my name, he also is receiving me, and if someone receives me, he is also receiving the one who sent me” ([Luke 9:48](../../luk/09/48.md)), he is speaking of people serving the child. When Luke says, “the people there did not receive him” ([Luke 9:53](../../luk/09/53.md)), he means that the people did not believe in or accept Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/believe]])<br>
LUK	9	1	s7fw			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus reminds his disciples not to depend on money and their things, gives them power, and then sends them out to various places.
LUK	9	1	zqq6		δύναμιν καὶ ἐξουσίαν	1	power and authority	These two terms are used together to show that the twelve had both the ability and the right to heal people. Translate this phrase with a combination of words that include both of these ideas.
LUK	9	1	fuj7		πάντα τὰ δαιμόνια	1	all the demons	Possible meanings are 1) “every demon” or 2) “every kind of demon.”
LUK	9	1	h8ql		νόσους	1	diseases	sicknesses
LUK	9	2	j5n3		ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς	1	sent them out	“sent them to various places” or “told them to go”
LUK	9	3	m7c5		καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς	1	He said to them	“Jesus said to the twelve.” It may be helpful to state that this happened before they went out. Alternate translation: “Before they left, Jesus said to them”
LUK	9	3	aui6		μηδὲν αἴρετε	1	Take nothing	“Do not take anything with you” or “Do not bring anything with you”
LUK	9	3	qm2p		ῥάβδον	1	staff	large stick that people use for balance when climbing or walking on uneven ground, as well as for defense against attackers
LUK	9	3	pp64		πήραν	1	wallet	a bag a traveler uses for carrying what he needs on a journey
LUK	9	3	n237		ἄρτον	1	bread	This is here used as a general reference to “food.”
LUK	9	4	kyw3		καὶ εἰς ἣν ἂν οἰκίαν εἰσέλθητε	1	Whatever house you enter into	“Any house you enter”
LUK	9	4	sa5w		ἐκεῖ μένετε	1	stay there	“remain there” or “temporarily live in that house as a guest”
LUK	9	4	ksb3		καὶ…ἐξέρχεσθε	1	until you leave	“until you leave that town” or “until you leave that place”
LUK	9	5	ux5m		καὶ ὅσοι ἂν μὴ δέχωνται ὑμᾶς, ἐξερχόμενοι	1	Wherever they do not receive you, when you go out	“Here is what you should do in any town where people do not receive you: When you leave”
LUK	9	5	ze2w	translate-symaction	τὸν κονιορτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ποδῶν ὑμῶν ἀποτινάσσετε, εἰς μαρτύριον ἐπ’ αὐτούς	1	shake off the dust from your feet as a testimony against them	To “shake off the dust from your feet” was an expression of strong rejection in that culture. It showed they did not want even the dust of that town to remain on them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	9	6	afj9		ἐξερχόμενοι	1	they departed	“they left the place were Jesus was”
LUK	9	6	ycy4		θεραπεύοντες πανταχοῦ	1	healing everywhere	“healing wherever they went”
LUK	9	7	izd5			0	General Information:	These verses interrupt to give information about Herod.
LUK	9	7	z45t	writing-background	δὲ Ἡρῴδης	1	Now Herod	This phrase marks a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells background information about Herod. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	9	7	s2k4		Ἡρῴδης ὁ τετράρχης	1	Herod the tetrarch	This refers to Herod Antipas, who was the ruler of one-fourth of Israel.
LUK	9	7	c4vy		διηπόρει	1	he was perplexed	unable to understand, confused
LUK	9	7	tcp1	figs-activepassive	τὸ λέγεσθαι ὑπό τινων	1	it was said by some	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “some people said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	8	ekf7	figs-ellipsis	ἄλλων δὲ, ὅτι προφήτης τις τῶν ἀρχαίων ἀνέστη	1	but by others that one of the ancient prophets had risen	The word “said” is understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “still others said that one of the prophets of long ago had risen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	9	9	flw3	figs-explicit	Ἰωάννην ἐγὼ ἀπεκεφάλισα, τίς δέ ἐστιν οὗτος	1	I beheaded John, but who is this	Herod assumes that it is impossible for John to rise from the dead. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “It cannot be John because I had his head cut off. So who is this man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	9	r98f	figs-explicit	Ἰωάννην ἐγὼ ἀπεκεφάλισα	1	I beheaded John	Herod’s soldiers would have carried out executions. Alternate translation: “I commanded my soldiers to cut off John’s head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	10	k89y			0	Connecting Statement:	Though the disciples return to Jesus and they go to Bethsaida to spend time together, the crowds follow Jesus for healing and to listen to his teaching. He performs a miracle to provide bread and fish to the crowds as they return home.
LUK	9	10	p7gf		καὶ ὑποστρέψαντες, οἱ ἀπόστολοι	1	When the apostles returned	“apostles came back to where Jesus was”
LUK	9	10	aal8		ὅσα ἐποίησαν	1	everything they had done	This refers to the teaching and healing that they did when they went to the other cities.
LUK	9	10	r2bq	translate-names	Βηθσαϊδά	1	Bethsaida	This is the name of a city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	9	12	btc8		ἡ δὲ ἡμέρα ἤρξατο κλίνειν	1	Now the day began to end	“the day was about to end” or it was near the end of the day”
LUK	9	13	tay4		ἄρτοι πέντε	1	five loaves of bread	A loaf of bread is a lump of dough that is shaped and baked.
LUK	9	13	vuc1		ἰχθύες δύο, εἰ μήτι πορευθέντες, ἡμεῖς ἀγοράσωμεν εἰς πάντα τὸν λαὸν τοῦτον βρώματα	1	two fish…unless we go and buy food for all these people	If “unless” is difficult to understand in your language, you could make a new sentence. “two fish. In order to feed all these people, we would have to go and buy food”
LUK	9	14	c9z5	translate-numbers	ὡσεὶ ἄνδρες πεντακισχίλιοι	1	about five thousand men	“about 5,000 men.” This number does not include the women and children who might have been present. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	9	14	v44h		κατακλίνατε αὐτοὺς	1	Have them sit down	“Tell them to sit down”
LUK	9	14	tw3v	translate-numbers	ἀνὰ πεντήκοντα	1	fifty each	“50 each” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	9	15	xq6k		καὶ ἐποίησαν οὕτως	1	So they did this	“This” refers to what Jesus told them to do [Luke 9:14](../09/14.md). They told the people to sit down in groups of about fifty people.
LUK	9	16	j39h		λαβὼν δὲ τοὺς πέντε ἄρτους	1	Then taking the five loaves	“Jesus took the five loaves of bread”
LUK	9	16	j8y3	figs-explicit	ἀναβλέψας εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν	1	he looked up to heaven	This refers to looking up, toward the sky. The Jews believed that heaven was located above the sky. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	16	gm2v		εὐλόγησεν αὐτοὺς	1	he blessed them	This refers to the loaves of bread and the fish.
LUK	9	16	s4ij		παραθεῖναι	1	to set before	“to pass out to” or “to give to”
LUK	9	17	l5ml	figs-idiom	ἐχορτάσθησαν	1	were satisfied	This idiom means they ate enough food so they were not hungry. Alternate translation: “they had as much as they wanted to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	9	18	nm87			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus is praying, with only his disciples near him, and they begin to talk about who Jesus is. Jesus tells them that he will soon die and resurrect and urges them to follow him even if it becomes very hard to do that.
LUK	9	18	y5a5	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It came about that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	9	18	l91t		προσευχόμενον κατὰ μόνας	1	praying by himself	“praying alone.” The disciples were with Jesus, but he was praying personally and privately by himself.
LUK	9	19	f2kh	figs-ellipsis	Ἰωάννην τὸν Βαπτιστήν	1	John the Baptist	It may be helpful to restate part of the question here. Alternate translation: “Some say you are John the Baptist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	9	19	ewu4	figs-explicit	ὅτι προφήτης τις τῶν ἀρχαίων ἀνέστη	1	that one of the prophets from long ago has risen	It may be helpful to clarify how this answer relates to Jesus’ question. Alternate translation: “that you are one of the prophets from long ago and have risen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	19	x3px		ἀνέστη	1	has risen	“has come back to life”
LUK	9	20	vy4u		εἶπεν δὲ αὐτοῖς	1	Then he said to them	“Then Jesus said to his disciples”
LUK	9	21	z55q	figs-quotations	αὐτοῖς…μηδενὶ λέγειν τοῦτο	1	them to tell this to no one.	“not to tell anyone” or “that they should not tell anyone.” This could be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: them, “‘Do not tell anyone.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	9	22	ytn1		δεῖ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν	1	The Son of Man must suffer many things	“People will cause the Son of Man to suffer greatly”
LUK	9	22	m2v8	figs-123person	τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου…καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι	1	The Son of Man…and he will be killed	Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man…and I will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	9	22	j5k8	figs-activepassive	ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων, καὶ ἀρχιερέων, καὶ γραμματέων	1	be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the elders, chief priests, and scribes will reject him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	22	d5je	figs-activepassive	ἀποκτανθῆναι	1	he will be killed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will kill him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	22	mfe8	translate-ordinal	τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ	1	on the third day	“three days after he dies” or “on the third day after his death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	9	22	lw6f	figs-activepassive	ἐγερθῆναι	1	be raised	“he will…be made alive again.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will…make him alive again” or “he will…live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	23	i2hh		ἔλεγεν	1	he said	“Jesus said”
LUK	9	23	h1u1		πρὸς πάντας	1	to them all	This refers to the disciples who were with Jesus.
LUK	9	23	h46s	figs-metaphor	ὀπίσω μου ἔρχεσθαι	1	come after me	“follow me.” Coming after Jesus represents being one of his disciples. Alternate translation: “be my disciple” or “be one of my disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	9	23	fnk7		ἀρνησάσθω ἑαυτὸν	1	he must deny himself	“must not give in to his own desires” or “must forsake his own desires”
LUK	9	23	h7j1	figs-metonymy	ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καθ’ ἡμέραν, καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι	1	take up his cross daily and follow me	“carry his cross and follow me every day.” The cross represents suffering and death. Taking up the cross represents being willing to suffer and die. Alternate translation: “must obey me every day even to the point of suffering and dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	9	23	pk72	figs-metaphor	ἀκολουθείτω μοι	1	follow me	Following Jesus here represents obeying him. Alternate translation: “obey me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	9	23	m6kz		ἀκολουθείτω μοι	1	follow me	“go along with me” or “begin to follow me and keep on following me”
LUK	9	25	lx8i	figs-rquestion	τί γὰρ ὠφελεῖται ἄνθρωπος…ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἀπολέσας ἢ ζημιωθείς?	1	For what is a person profited…but destroying or losing himself?	The implied answer to this question is that it is not good. Alternate translation: “It will not benefit someone at all to gain the whole world, and yet lose himself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	9	25	hpp5		κερδήσας τὸν κόσμον ὅλον	1	having gained the whole world	“to get everything in the world”
LUK	9	25	xsk5		ἑαυτὸν…ἀπολέσας ἢ ζημιωθείς	1	destroying or losing himself	“ruin himself or give up his life”
LUK	9	26	yrr4		τοὺς ἐμοὺς λόγους	1	my words	“what I say” or “what I teach”
LUK	9	26	r5n5	figs-activepassive	τοῦτον ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἐπαισχυνθήσεται	1	of him will the Son of Man be ashamed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Son of Man will also be ashamed of him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	26	tx1k	figs-123person	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου…ὅταν ἔλθῃ	1	the Son of Man…when he comes	Jesus was speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man…when I come” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	9	26	dl2i	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	τοῦ Πατρὸς	1	the Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	9	27	ef6j		λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ἀληθῶς	1	But I say to you truly	Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the importance of what he will say next.
LUK	9	27	t1ar		εἰσίν τινες…ἑστηκότων, οἳ οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου	1	there are some of those who are standing here who will not taste death	“some of you who are standing here will not taste death”
LUK	9	27	m113	figs-123person	ἕως ἂν ἴδωσιν	1	before they see	Jesus was speaking to the people he was talking about. Alternate translation: “before you see” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	9	27	j7fc		οὐ μὴ γεύσωνται θανάτου, ἕως ἂν ἴδωσιν τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	will not taste death before they see the kingdom of God	This idea with “not…until” can be expressed positively with “before.” Alternate translation: “will see the kingdom of God before they die” or “will see the kingdom of God before you die”
LUK	9	27	gj8t	figs-idiom	γεύσωνται θανάτου	1	taste death	This idiom means “die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	9	28	xb3k			0	Connecting Statement:	Eight days after Jesus tells his disciples that some would not die before they saw the kingdom of God, Jesus goes up the mountain to pray with Peter, James, and John, who all fall asleep while Jesus is changed to a dazzling appearance.
LUK	9	28	si9j		τοὺς λόγους τούτους	1	these saying	This refers to what Jesus said to his disciples in the preceding verses.
LUK	9	30	p3cd		ἰδοὺ	1	Behold	The word “Behold” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows. Alternate translation: “Suddenly”
LUK	9	31	g28p	figs-distinguish	οἳ ὀφθέντες ἐν δόξῃ	1	who appeared in glory	This phrase gives information about how Moses and Elijah looked. Some languages would translate it as a separate clause. Alternate translation: “and they appeared in glorious splendor” or “and they were shining brightly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
LUK	9	31	cur1	figs-euphemism	τὴν ἔξοδον αὐτοῦ	1	his departure	“his leaving” or “how Jesus would leave this world.” This was a polite way of talking about his death. Alternate translation: “his death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])
LUK	9	32	i29n	writing-background	δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke tells information about Peter, James, and John. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	9	32	f8ip		βεβαρημένοι ὕπνῳ	1	heavy with sleep	This idiom means “very sleepy.”
LUK	9	32	tw7e		εἶδον τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ	1	they saw his glory	This refers to the brilliant light that surrounded them. Alternate translation: “they saw brilliant light coming from Jesus” or “they saw very bright light coming out of Jesus”
LUK	9	32	tsj6		τοὺς δύο ἄνδρας τοὺς συνεστῶτας αὐτῷ	1	the two men who were standing with him	This refers to Moses and Elijah.
LUK	9	33	npk9		ἐν τῷ διαχωρίζεσθαι αὐτοὺς	1	As they were going away	“As Moses and Elijah were going away”
LUK	9	33	mby6		σκηνὰς	1	shelters	simple, temporary places in which to sit or sleep
LUK	9	34	ct1w		ταῦτα δὲ αὐτοῦ λέγοντος	1	But as he was saying this	“While Peter was saying these things”
LUK	9	34	e75d	figs-explicit	ἐφοβήθησαν	1	they were afraid	These adult disciples were not afraid of clouds. This phrase indicates that some kind of unusual fear came over them with the cloud. Alternate translation: “they were terrified” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	34	asa6		εἰσελθεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν νεφέλην	1	they entered into the cloud	This can be expressed in terms of what the cloud did. Alternate translation: “the cloud surrounded them”
LUK	9	35	q8xy	figs-explicit	καὶ φωνὴ ἐγένετο ἐκ τῆς νεφέλης	1	Then a voice came out of the cloud	It is understood that the voice could only have belonged to God. Alternate translation: “God spoke to them from the cloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	35	c3gt	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὁ Υἱός	1	Son	This is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	9	35	l733	figs-activepassive	ὁ ἐκλελεγμένος	1	the one who is chosen	This can be stated with an active form. Alternate translation: “the one I have chosen” or “I have chosen him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	36	g7ge	writing-endofstory	καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐσίγησαν…ὧν ἑώρακαν	1	They kept silent…of what they had seen	This is information that tells what happened after the story as a result of the events in the story itself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	9	36	v9uy		ἐσίγησαν…οὐδενὶ ἀπήγγειλαν	1	kept silent…told no one	The first phrase refers to their immediate response, and the second refers to what they did in the following days.
LUK	9	37	q5f5			0	Connecting Statement:	The next day after Jesus’ dazzling appearance, Jesus heals a demon-possessed boy that the disciples were unable to make better.
LUK	9	38	k35b	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ, ἀνὴρ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄχλου	1	Behold, a man from the crowd	The word “behold” alerts us to the new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses “There was a man in the crowd who” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	9	39	ka7j	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ, πνεῦμα	1	See, a spirit	The phrase “You see” introduces us to the evil spirit in the man’s story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “There is an evil spirit that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	9	39	abm3		μετὰ ἀφροῦ	1	and foaming at the mouth	“foam comes out of his mouth.” When a person has a seizure, they can have trouble breathing or swallowing. This causes white foam to form around their mouths.
LUK	9	41	sdu1		ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν	1	So Jesus answered and said	“Jesus answered by saying”
LUK	9	41	bi9m		ὦ γενεὰ ἄπιστος καὶ διεστραμμένη	1	You unbelieving and depraved generation	Jesus said this to the crowd that had gathered, and not to his disciples.
LUK	9	41	apa3		γενεὰ…διεστραμμένη	1	depraved generation	“corrupt generation”
LUK	9	41	qk1w	figs-you	ἕως πότε ἔσομαι πρὸς ὑμᾶς καὶ ἀνέξομαι ὑμῶν?	1	how long must I be with you and put up with you?	Here “you” is plural. Jesus uses these questions to express his sadness that the people did not believe. They can be written as statements. Alternate translation: “I have been with you so long, yet you do not believe. I wonder how long I must put up with you.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	9	41	ls7b	figs-you	προσάγαγε ὧδε τὸν υἱόν σου	1	Bring your son here	Here “your” is singular. Jesus is speaking directly to the father who addressed him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	9	43	hz1l		ἐξεπλήσσοντο δὲ πάντες ἐπὶ τῇ μεγαλειότητι τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	Then they were all amazed at the greatness of God	Jesus performed the miracle, but the crowd recognized that God was the power behind the healing.
LUK	9	43	d61c		πᾶσιν οἷς ἐποίει	1	everything that he was doing	“everything Jesus was doing”
LUK	9	44	gah9	figs-idiom	θέσθε ὑμεῖς εἰς τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν τοὺς λόγους τούτους	1	Let these words go deeply into your ears	This is an idiom that means they should pay attention. Alternate translation: “Listen carefully and remember” or “Do not forget this” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	9	44	im3l	figs-activepassive	ὁ γὰρ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου μέλλει παραδίδοσθαι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων	1	For the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men	This can be stated with an active clause. Here “hands” refers to power or control. Alternate translation: “they will betray the Son of Man and put him in the control of men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	9	44	ygr3	figs-123person	ὁ γὰρ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου μέλλει παραδίδοσθαι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων	1	For the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men	Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. The word “hands” is a synecdoche for the people whose hands they are or a metonym for the power that uses those hands. You may need to make explicit who these men are. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of men” or “The Son of Man will be betrayed into the power of his enemies” or “I, the Son of Man will be betrayed to my enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	45	ub1r	figs-activepassive	καὶ ἦν παρακεκαλυμμένον ἀπ’ αὐτῶν	1	It was hidden from them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God hid the meaning from them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	9	46	fj6n			0	General Information:	The disciples begin to argue about who will be the most powerful among them.
LUK	9	46	dh3w		ἐν αὐτοῖς	1	among them	“among the disciples”
LUK	9	47	cx62	figs-metonymy	εἰδὼς τὸν διαλογισμὸν τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν	1	knowing the reasoning in their hearts	Here “hearts” is a metonym for their minds. Alternate translation: “knowing the reasoning in their minds” or “knowing what they were thinking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	9	48	afx5	figs-metonymy	ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου	1	in my name	This refers to a person doing something as a representative of Jesus. Alternate translation: “because of me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	9	48	mav1	figs-metaphor	ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου, ἐμὲ δέχεται	1	in my name, welcomes me	This metaphor could also be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: “in my name, it is like he is welcoming me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	9	48	awc6		τὸν ἀποστείλαντά με	1	the one who sent me	“God, who sent me”
LUK	9	48	zw5t		οὗτός ἐστιν μέγας	1	he is great	“the ones whom God considers to be most important”
LUK	9	49	uwr3		ἀποκριθεὶς…Ἰωάννης	1	John answered	“In reply, John said” or “John replied to Jesus.” John was responding to what Jesus had said about being the greatest. He was not answering a question.
LUK	9	49	bj41	figs-exclusive	εἴδομέν	1	we saw	John speaks of himself but not Jesus, so “we” here is exclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	9	49	py8i	figs-metonymy	ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί σου	1	in your name	This means the person was speaking with the power and authority of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	9	50	hw85		μὴ κωλύετε	1	Do not stop him	This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “Allow him to continue”
LUK	9	50	f6ag		ὃς…οὐκ ἔστιν καθ’ ὑμῶν, ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐστιν	1	whoever is not against you is for you	Some modern languages have sayings that mean the same thing. Alternate translation: “if a person does not keep you from working, it is as if he were helping you” or “if someone is not working against you, he is working with you”
LUK	9	51	plt7			0	General Information:	It is now obvious that Jesus has decided to go to Jerusalem.
LUK	9	51	c8gx		ἐν τῷ συνπληροῦσθαι τὰς ἡμέρας τῆς ἀναλήμψεως αὐτοῦ	1	when the days drew near for him to be taken up	“When the time was coming for him to go up” or “When it was almost time for him to go up”
LUK	9	51	mq2d	figs-idiom	τὸ πρόσωπον ἐστήρισεν	1	set his face	This idiom means he “firmly decided.” Alternate translation: “made up his mind” or “decided” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	9	52	b6ct		ὡς ἑτοιμάσαι αὐτῷ	1	to prepare things for him	This means to make arrangements for his arrival there, possibly including a place to speak, a place to stay, and food.
LUK	9	53	v61k		οὐκ ἐδέξαντο αὐτόν	1	they did not welcome him	“did not want him to stay”
LUK	9	53	n62j	figs-explicit	ὅτι τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἦν πορευόμενον εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	because he had set his face to go to Jerusalem	The Samaritans and the Jews hated each other. Therefore the Samaritans would not help Jesus on his journey to Jerusalem, the Jewish capital. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	54	a8sf		ἰδόντες	1	when saw this	“saw that the Samaritans did not receive Jesus”
LUK	9	54	y4rq	figs-explicit	εἴπωμεν πῦρ καταβῆναι ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἀναλῶσαι αὐτούς	1	us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them	James and John suggested this method of judgment because they knew that this was how the prophets such as Elijah had judged people who rejected God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	55	pj6b		στραφεὶς…ἐπετίμησεν αὐτοῖς	1	he turned and rebuked them	“Jesus turned and rebuked James and John.” Jesus did not condemn the Samaritans as the disciples expected.
LUK	9	57	qa3h		τις	1	someone	This was not one of the disciples.
LUK	9	58	yq5n	writing-proverbs	αἱ ἀλώπεκες φωλεοὺς ἔχουσιν…οὐκ ἔχει ποῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν κλίνῃ	1	The foxes have holes…does not have anywhere he might lay his head	Jesus responds with a proverb to teach the man about being Jesus’ disciple. Jesus implies that if the man were to follow him, that man too might not have a home. Alternate translation: “Foxes have holes…nowhere to lay his head. So do not expect that you will have a home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	58	anv9		αἱ ἀλώπεκες	1	The foxes	These are land animals similar to small dogs. They sleep in a den or a burrow in the ground.
LUK	9	58	c88m		τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ	1	the birds in the sky	“birds that fly in the air”
LUK	9	58	r7vq	figs-123person	ὁ…Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου…τὴν κεφαλὴν	1	the Son of Man has…his head	Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man, have…my head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	9	58	ff62	figs-hyperbole	οὐκ ἔχει ποῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν κλίνῃ	1	does not have anywhere he might lay his head	“nowhere to rest my head” or “nowhere to sleep.” Jesus exaggerates to emphasize that he has no permanent home and that people did not often invite him to stay with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	9	59	ee68			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to talk with the people along the road.
LUK	9	59	u1nl		ἀκολούθει μοι	1	Follow me	By saying this Jesus is asking the person to become his disciple and to go with him.
LUK	9	59	li7w		ἐπίτρεψόν μοι ἀπελθόντι, πρῶτον θάψαι τὸν πατέρα μου	1	first permit me to go and bury my father	It is unclear whether the man’s father has died and he will bury him immediately, or if the man wants to stay for a longer amount of time until his father dies so he can bury him then. The main point is the man wants to do something else first before he follows Jesus.
LUK	9	59	sy4y		ἐπίτρεψόν μοι ἀπελθόντι, πρῶτον	1	first permit me to go	“before I do that, let me go”
LUK	9	60	ta92	figs-metaphor	ἄφες τοὺς νεκροὺς θάψαι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν νεκρούς	1	Let the dead bury their own dead	Jesus does not mean literally that dead people will bury other dead people. Possible meanings of “the dead” are 1) it is a metaphor for those who will soon die, or 2) it is a metaphor for those who do not follow Jesus and are spiritually dead. The main point is that a disciple must not let anything delay him from following Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	9	60	a4tc	figs-nominaladj	τοὺς νεκροὺς	1	the dead	This refers to dead people in general. Alternate translation: “the dead people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
LUK	9	61	r84e		ἀκολουθήσω σοι	1	I will follow you	“I will join you as a disciple” or “I am ready to follow you”
LUK	9	61	cne4		πρῶτον…ἐπίτρεψόν μοι ἀποτάξασθαι τοῖς εἰς τὸν οἶκόν μου	1	first permit me to say goodbye to those in my home	“before I do that, let me tell my people at my home that I am leaving”
LUK	9	62	j8xt	writing-proverbs	οὐδεὶς…εὔθετός ἐστιν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	No one…fit for the kingdom of God	Jesus responds with a proverb to teach the man about being his disciple. Jesus means that a person is not suitable for the kingdom to God if he focuses on people in his past instead of following Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	9	62	zdz4	figs-idiom	οὐδεὶς ἐπιβαλὼν τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ἐπ’ ἄροτρον	1	No one having put his hand to the plow	Here “puts his hand to” something is an idiom that means the person starts to do something. Alternate translation: “No one who starts to plow his field” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	9	62	pv99		βλέπων εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω	1	looking back	Anyone who is looking back while plowing cannot guide the plow where it needs to go. That person must focus on looking forward in order to plow well.
LUK	9	62	k2kn		εὔθετός ἐστιν τῇ Βασιλείᾳ τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	is fit for the kingdom of God	“useful for the kingdom of God” or “suitable for the kingdom of God”
LUK	10	intro	z899			0		# Luke 10 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Harvest<br><br>Harvest is when people go out to get the food they have planted so they can bring it to their houses and eat it. Jesus used this as a metaphor to teach his followers that they need to go and tell other people about Jesus so those people can be part of God’s kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])<br><br>### Neighbor<br><br>A neighbor is anyone who lives nearby. The Jews helped their Jewish neighbors who needed help, and they expected their Jewish neighbors to help them. Jesus wanted them to understand that people who were not Jews were also their neighbors, so he told them a parable ([Luke 10:29-36](./29.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])<br>
LUK	10	1	c5vi			0	General Information:	Jesus sends out 70 more people ahead of him. Those 70 return with joy, and Jesus responds with praise to his heavenly Father.
LUK	10	1	u8l6	writing-newevent	δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	10	1	m75c	translate-numbers	ἑβδομήκοντα	1	seventy	“70.” Some versions say “seventy-two” or “72.” You may want to include a footnote that says that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	10	1	g8ka		ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς ἀνὰ δύο	1	sent them out two by two	“sent them out in groups of two” or “sent them out with two people in each group”
LUK	10	2	fx9w	figs-events	ἔλεγεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτούς	1	He said to them	This was before the men actually went out. Alternate translation: “He had said to them” or “Before they went out he told them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
LUK	10	2	ju6z	figs-metaphor	ὁ μὲν θερισμὸς πολύς, οἱ δὲ ἐργάται ὀλίγοι	1	The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few	“There is a big crop, but not enough workers to bring it in.” Jesus means there are many people ready to enter God’s kingdom, but there are not enough disciples to go teach and help the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	10	3	x732		ὑπάγετε	1	Go on your way	“Go to the cities” or “Go to the people”
LUK	10	3	u8h7	figs-simile	ἀποστέλλω ὑμᾶς ὡς ἄρνας ἐν μέσῳ λύκων	1	I send you out as lambs in the midst of wolves	Wolves attack and kill sheep. This metaphor therefore means that there are people who would attempt to harm the disciples that Jesus is sending out. The names of other animals could be substituted. Alternate translation: “when I send you out, people will want to harm you, as wolves attack sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	4	fz6p		μὴ βαστάζετε βαλλάντιον, μὴ πήραν, μὴ ὑποδήματα	1	Do not carry a money bag, nor a traveler’s bag, nor sandals	“Do not take with you a bag, a traveler’s bag, or sandals”
LUK	10	4	tj52		μηδένα κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἀσπάσησθε	1	greet no one on the road	“do not greet anyone on the road.” Jesus was emphasizing that they should go quickly to the towns and do this work. He was not telling them to be rude.
LUK	10	5	zk69	figs-metonymy	εἰρήνη τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ	1	Peace be on this house	This was both a greeting and a blessing. Here “house” refers to those who live in the house. Alternate translation: “May the people in this household receive peace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	6	x5e4		υἱὸς εἰρήνης	1	a son of peace	“a peaceful person.” This is a person who wants peace with God and with people.
LUK	10	6	pq5j	figs-personification	ἐπαναπαήσεται ἐπ’ αὐτὸν ἡ εἰρήνη ὑμῶν	1	your peace will rest upon him	Here “peace” is described as a living thing that can choose where to stay. Alternate translation: “he will have the peace you blessed him with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
LUK	10	6	it4v	figs-ellipsis	εἰ…μή γε	1	if not	It may be helpful to restate the entire phrase. Alternate translation: “if there is no person of peace there” or “if the owner of the house is not a peaceful person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	10	6	zpx9	figs-personification	ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς ἀνακάμψει	1	it will return to you	Here “peace” is described as a living thing that can choose to leave. Alternate translation: “you will have that peace” or “he will not receive the peace you blessed him with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
LUK	10	7	ki3k		ἐν αὐτῇ δὲ τῇ οἰκίᾳ μένετε	1	Now remain in that same house	Jesus was not saying that they should stay in the house all day, but that they should sleep at the same house every night they were there. Alternate translation: “Continue to sleep at that house”
LUK	10	7	u3vs		ἄξιος γὰρ ὁ ἐργάτης τοῦ μισθοῦ αὐτοῦ	1	for the laborer is worthy of his wages	This is a general principle that Jesus was applying to the men he was sending out. Since they would be teaching and healing the people, the people should provide them with a place to stay and with food.
LUK	10	7	kd8i	figs-idiom	μὴ μεταβαίνετε ἐξ οἰκίας εἰς οἰκίαν	1	Do not move around from house to house	Moving around from house to house means going to different houses. It can be made clear that he was talking about staying overnight at different houses. “Do not go sleep at a different house each night” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	8	k8yb		καὶ δέχωνται ὑμᾶς	1	and they receive you	“if they welcome you”
LUK	10	8	wd2x	figs-activepassive	ἐσθίετε τὰ παρατιθέμενα ὑμῖν	1	eat what is set before you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “eat whatever food they give you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	9	ws6g	figs-nominaladj	τοὺς…ἀσθενεῖς	1	the sick	This refers to sick people in general. Alternate translation: “the sick people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
LUK	10	9	e1he	figs-abstractnouns	ἤγγικεν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	The kingdom of God has come close to you	The abstract noun “kingdom” can be expressed with the verbs “reign” or “rule.” Possible meanings are 1) the kingdom of God will begin soon. Alternate translation: “God will soon rule everywhere as king” or 2) the activities of kingdom of God are happening all around you. Alternate translation: “The proof that God is reigning is all around you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	10	10	nt9n		καὶ μὴ δέχωνται ὑμᾶς	1	and they do not receive you	“if the people of the city reject you”
LUK	10	11	bc9h	translate-symaction	καὶ τὸν κονιορτὸν τὸν κολληθέντα ἡμῖν, ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ὑμῶν εἰς τοὺς πόδας ἀπομασσόμεθα ὑμῖν	1	Even the dust from your town that clings to our feet we wipe off against you	This is a symbolic action to show that they reject the people of the city. Alternate translation: “Just as you rejected us, we thoroughly reject you. We even reject the dust from your town that clings to our feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	10	11	yg83	figs-exclusive	ἀπομασσόμεθα	1	we wipe off	Since Jesus was sending these people out in groups of two, it would be two people saying this. So languages that have a dual form of “we” would use it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	10	11	s7ks		πλὴν τοῦτο γινώσκετε, ὅτι ἤγγικεν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	But know this, that the kingdom of God has come near	The phrase “But know this” introduces a warning. It means “Even though you reject us, it does not change the fact that the kingdom of God is near!”
LUK	10	11	fdk3	figs-abstractnouns	ἤγγικεν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	The kingdom of God has come near	The abstract noun “kingdom” can be expressed with the verbs “reign” or “rule.” See how you translated a similar sentence in [Luke 10:8](../10/08.md). Alternate translation: “God will soon rule everywhere as king” or “The proof that God is reigning is all around you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	10	12	hhl1		λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	Jesus was saying this to the 70 people he was sending out. He said this to show that he was about to say something very important.
LUK	10	12	m7ch	figs-explicit	τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ	1	that day	The disciples would have understood that this refers to the time of final judgment of sinners. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	12	qg62	figs-metonymy	Σοδόμοις…ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται, ἢ τῇ πόλει ἐκείνῃ	1	it will be more tolerable for Sodom than for that town	“God will not judge Sodom as severely as he will judge that town.” Alternate translation: “God will judge the people of that town more severely than he will judge the people of Sodom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	13	sf42	figs-apostrophe	οὐαί σοι, Χοραζείν! οὐαί σοι, Βηθσαϊδά!	1	Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida!	Jesus speaks as if the people of the cities of Chorazin and Bethsaida are there listening to him, but they are not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	13	mvq5	figs-hypo	ὅτι εἰ ἐν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι ἐγενήθησαν αἱ δυνάμεις, αἱ γενόμεναι ἐν ὑμῖν	1	For if the mighty works which were done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon	Jesus is describing a situation that could have happened in the past but did not. Alternate translation: “If someone had performed the miracles for the people of Tyre and Sidon that I performed for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	13	it4x		πάλαι ἂν…καθήμενοι μετενόησαν	1	they would have repented long ago, sitting	“the wicked people who lived there would have shown that they were sorry for their sins by sitting”
LUK	10	13	xh7f		ἐν…σάκκῳ καὶ σποδῷ καθήμενοι	1	sitting in sackcloth and ashes	“wearing sackcloth and sitting in ashes”
LUK	10	14	ikt3	figs-explicit	πλὴν Τύρῳ καὶ Σιδῶνι, ἀνεκτότερον ἔσται ἐν τῇ κρίσει ἢ ὑμῖν	1	But it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment than for you	It may be helpful to clearly state the reason for their judgment. Alternate translation: “But because you did not repent and believe in me even though you saw me do miracles, God will judge you more severely than he will judge the people of Tyre and Sidon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	14	txw5		ἐν τῇ κρίσει	1	at the judgment	“on that final day when God judges everyone”
LUK	10	15	h28u	figs-apostrophe	σύ, Καφαρναούμ	1	you, Capernaum	Jesus now speaks to the people in the city of Capernaum as if they are listening to him, but they are not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	15	enp6	figs-rquestion	μὴ ἕως οὐρανοῦ ὑψωθήσῃ?	1	you will not be exalted to heaven, will you?	Jesus uses a question to rebuke the people of Capernaum for their pride. Alternate translation: “you will certainly not go up to heaven!” or “God will not honor you!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	15	gk9v		ἕως οὐρανοῦ ὑψωθήσῃ	1	exalted to heaven	This expression means “greatly exalted.”
LUK	10	15	bjh5	figs-activepassive	τοῦ ᾍδου καταβήσῃ	1	you will be brought down to Hades	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you will go down to Hades” or “God will send you to Hades” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	16	i786	figs-simile	ὁ ἀκούων ὑμῶν, ἐμοῦ ἀκούει	1	The one who listens to you listens to me	The comparison can be clearly stated as a simile. Alternate translation: “When someone listens to you, it is as if they were listening to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	16	q56b	figs-simile	ὁ…ἀθετῶν ὑμᾶς, ἐμὲ ἀθετεῖ	1	the one who rejects you rejects me	The comparison can be clearly stated as a simile. Alternate translation: “when someone rejects you, it is as if they were rejecting me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	16	g3fx	figs-simile	ὁ…ἐμὲ ἀθετῶν, ἀθετεῖ τὸν ἀποστείλαντά με	1	the one who rejects me rejects the one who sent me	The comparison can be clearly stated as a simile. Alternate translation: “when someone rejects me, it is as if they were rejecting the one who sent me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	16	eus8	figs-explicit	τὸν ἀποστείλαντά με	1	the one who sent me	This refers to God the Father, who appointed Jesus for this special task. Alternate translation: “God, who sent me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	17	m7nh	figs-explicit	ὑπέστρεψαν δὲ οἱ ἑβδομήκοντα	1	Then the seventy returned	Some languages will need to say that the seventy actually went out first as the UST does. This is implicit information that can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	17	prj8	translate-numbers	ἑβδομήκοντα	1	seventy	You may want to add a footnote: “Some versions have ‘72’ instead of ‘70.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	10	17	cx7b	figs-metonymy	ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί σου	1	in your name	Here “name” refers to Jesus’ power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	18	a37w	figs-simile	ἐθεώρουν τὸν Σατανᾶν ὡς ἀστραπὴν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεσόντα	1	I was watching Satan fall from heaven as lightning	Jesus used a simile to compare how God was defeating Satan when his 70 disciples were preaching in the towns to the way lightning strikes. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	18	v8fl		ὡς ἀστραπὴν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεσόντα	1	fall from heaven as lightning	Possible meanings are 1) fell as quickly as lighting strikes, or 2) fell down from heaven as lightning strikes downward. Since both meaning are possible, it may be best to keep the image.
LUK	10	19	xl7q	figs-metaphor	τὴν ἐξουσίαν τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων καὶ σκορπίων	1	authority to tread on serpents and scorpions	“authority to trample on snakes and crush scorpions.” Possible meanings are 1) snakes and scorpions are a metaphor for evil spirits. Alternate translation: “the right to defeat evil spirits” or 2) this refers to actual snakes and scorpions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	10	19	cq5x	figs-ellipsis	τοῦ πατεῖν ἐπάνω ὄφεων καὶ σκορπίων	1	to tread on serpents and scorpions	This implies that they would do this and not be injured. Alternate translation: “walk on snakes and scorpions and they will not hurt you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	10	19	mla6		σκορπίων	1	scorpions	Scorpions are small animals with two claws and a poisonous stinger on their tail.
LUK	10	19	uvt4	figs-ellipsis	ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ ἐχθροῦ	1	over all the power of the enemy	“I have given you authority to crush the power of the enemy” or “I have given you authority to defeat the enemy.” The enemy is Satan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	20	cs52		ἐν τούτῳ μὴ χαίρετε, ὅτι τὰ πνεύματα ὑμῖν ὑποτάσσεται, χαίρετε δὲ ὅτι τὰ ὀνόματα ὑμῶν ἐνγέγραπται ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς	1	do not rejoice only in this, that the spirits submit to you, but also rejoice that your names are written in heaven	“do not rejoice only because the spirits submit to you” can also be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “rejoice that your names are written in heaven even more than you rejoice that the spirits submit to you”
LUK	10	20	s4cj	figs-activepassive	τὰ ὀνόματα ὑμῶν ἐνγέγραπται ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς	1	your names are written in heaven	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has written your names in heaven” or “your names are on the list of people who are citizens of heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	21	mf9d	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Πάτερ	1	Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	10	21	rs3w	figs-merism	Κύριε τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς	1	Lord of heaven and earth	“heaven” and “earth” represent everything that exists. Alternate translation: “Master over everyone and everything in heaven and earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
LUK	10	21	n6xb		ταῦτα	1	these things	This refers to Jesus’ previous teaching about the authority of the disciples. It may be best to simply say “these things” and let the reader determine the meaning.
LUK	10	21	i2zf	figs-irony	σοφῶν καὶ συνετῶν	1	the wise and understanding	The words “wise” and “understanding” are nominal adjectives that refer to people with these qualities. Because God had concealed truth from them, these people were not actually wise and understanding, even though they thought they were. Alternate translation: “from people who think they are wise and have understanding” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])
LUK	10	21	a175	figs-ellipsis	νηπίοις	1	to little children	This refers to those who may not have much education but who are willing to accept Jesus’ teachings in the same way that little children willingly listen to those they trust. Alternate translation: “people who may have little education, but who listen to God as little children do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	21	nm6t		ὅτι οὕτως εὐδοκία ἐγένετο ἔμπροσθέν σου	1	for so it was well pleasing in your sight	“for it pleased you to do this”
LUK	10	22	e47e	figs-activepassive	πάντα μοι παρεδόθη ὑπὸ τοῦ Πατρός μου	1	All things have been entrusted to me from my Father	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “My Father has handed everything over to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	22	fp68	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	τοῦ Πατρός…ὁ Υἱὸς	1	Father…the Son	These are important titles that describe the relationship between God and Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	10	22	six4		γινώσκει τίς ἐστιν ὁ Υἱὸς	1	knows who the Son is	The word that is translated as “knows” means to know from personal experience. God the Father knows Jesus in this way.
LUK	10	22	xm3s	figs-123person	ὁ Υἱὸς	1	the Son	Jesus is referring to himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	10	22	k9qs		εἰ μὴ ὁ Πατήρ	1	except the Father	This means only the Father knows who the Son is.
LUK	10	22	zg14		τίς ἐστιν ὁ Πατὴρ	1	who the Father is	The word that is translated as “knows” means to know from personal experience. Jesus knows God his Father in this way.
LUK	10	22	rkt2		εἰ μὴ ὁ Υἱὸς	1	except the Son	This means only the Son knows who the Father is.
LUK	10	22	evw3		ᾧ ἐὰν βούληται ὁ Υἱὸς ἀποκαλύψαι	1	to whomever the Son chooses to reveal him	“whoever the Son desires to show the Father to”
LUK	10	23	yd5s	figs-explicit	καὶ στραφεὶς πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς κατ’ ἰδίαν	1	Then he turned around to the disciples and said privately	The word “privately” indicates that he was alone with his disciples. Alternate translation: “Later, when he was alone with his disciples, he turned to them and said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	23	mq23	figs-explicit	μακάριοι οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ οἱ βλέποντες ἃ βλέπετε!	1	Blessed are those who see the things that you see!	This probably refers to the good works and miracles that Jesus was doing. Alternate translation: “How good it is for those who see the things that you see me doing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	24	f32w	figs-explicit	καὶ οὐκ εἶδαν	1	and did not see them	This implies that Jesus was not yet doing those things. Alternate translation: “but could not see them because I was not doing them yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	24	q61s	figs-explicit	ἃ ἀκούετε	1	what you hear	This probably refers to the teaching of Jesus. Alternate translation: “the things that you have heard me say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	24	mb4b	figs-explicit	καὶ οὐκ ἤκουσαν	1	and did not hear them	This implies that Jesus was not yet teaching. Alternate translation: “but could not hear them because I had not yet started to teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	25	c82w	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus replies with a story to an expert in the Jewish law who wants to test Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	10	25	klh4	writing-newevent	καὶ ἰδοὺ, νομικός τις	1	Now see, a certain expert in the Jewish law	This alerts us to a new event and a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	10	25	c6ac		ἐκπειράζων αὐτὸν	1	test him	“challenge Jesus”
LUK	10	25	dh16		κληρονομήσω	1	to inherit	“so that God will give me”
LUK	10	26	nj77	figs-rquestion	ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις?	1	What is written in the law? How do you read it?	Jesus is not seeking information. He uses these questions to test the Jewish law expert’s knowledge. Alternate translation: “Tell me what Moses wrote in the law and what you think it means.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	10	26	m2nl	figs-activepassive	ἐν τῷ νόμῳ τί γέγραπται? πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις?	1	What is written in the law?	This can be asked in active form. Alternate translation: “What did Moses write in the law?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	10	26	a8nt		πῶς ἀναγινώσκεις?	1	How do you read it?	“What have you read in it?” or “What do you understand it to say?”
LUK	10	27	hxk1		ἀγαπήσεις…τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν	1	You will love…your neighbor as yourself	The man is quoting what Moses wrote in the law.
LUK	10	27	fzb6	figs-metonymy	ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ψυχῇ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ἰσχύϊ σου, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου	1	with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind	Here “heart” and “soul” are metonyms for a person’s inner being. These four phrases are used together to mean “completely” or “earnestly.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	10	27	k1el	figs-simile	τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν	1	your neighbor as yourself	This simile can be stated more clearly. Alternate translation: “love your neighbor as much as you love yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	10	28	xd4n		ζήσῃ	1	you will live	“God will give you eternal life”
LUK	10	29	xt23		ὁ δὲ θέλων δικαιῶσαι ἑαυτὸν, εἶπεν	1	But he, desiring to justify himself, said	“But the expert wanted to find a way to justify himself, so he said” or “But wanting to appear righteous, the expert said”
LUK	10	29	lr4m	figs-explicit	τίς ἐστίν μου πλησίον?	1	who is my neighbor?	The man wanted to know whom he was required to love. Alternate translation: “Whom should I consider to be my neighbor and love as I love myself?” or “Which people are my neighbors that I should love?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	30	bh6g	figs-parables	ὑπολαβὼν δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν	1	In reply, Jesus saidSo Jesus answered and said	Jesus answers the man’s question by telling a parable. Alternate translation: “As an answer to the man’s question, Jesus told him this story” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	10	30	e1lv	writing-participants	ἄνθρωπός τις	1	A certain man	This introduces a new character in the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	10	30	v2ms		λῃσταῖς περιέπεσεν, οἳ	1	He fell among robbers, who	“He was surrounded by robbers, who” or “Some robbers attacked him. They”
LUK	10	30	heb5		ἐκδύσαντες	1	having stripped	“taken everything he had” or “stolen all his things”
LUK	10	30	r3gd	figs-idiom	ἡμιθανῆ	1	half dead	This idiom means “almost dead.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	10	31	i3sf		κατὰ συνκυρίαν	1	By chance	This was not something that any person had planned.
LUK	10	31	plr2	writing-participants	ἱερεύς τις	1	a certain priest	This expression introduces a new person in the story, but does not identify him by name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	10	31	gh79	figs-explicit	ἰδὼν αὐτὸν	1	when he saw him	“when the priest saw the injured man.” A priest is a very religious person, so the audience would assume that he would help the injured man. Since he did not, this phrase could be stated as “but when he saw him” to call attention to this unexpected result. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	31	xiu7	figs-explicit	ἀντιπαρῆλθεν	1	he passed by on the other side	It is implied that he did not help the man. Alternate translation: “he did not help the injured man but instead walked past him on the other side of the road” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	32	lf3l	figs-explicit	Λευείτης…ἀντιπαρῆλθεν	1	a Levite…passed by on the other side	The Levite served in the temple. He would be expected to help his fellow Jewish man. Since he did not, it may are helpful to state that. Alternate translation: “a Levite…the other side and did not help him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	33	z3ct	writing-participants	Σαμαρείτης δέ τις	1	But a certain Samaritan	This introduces a new person in the story without giving his name. We know only that he was from Samaria. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	10	33	cyp5	figs-explicit	Σαμαρείτης…τις	1	a certain Samaritan	The Jews despised the Samaritans and would have assumed that he would not help the injured Jewish man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	33	tu1c		ἰδὼν	1	When he saw him	“When the Samaritan saw the injured man”
LUK	10	33	w8qm		ἐσπλαγχνίσθη	1	he was moved with compassion	“he felt sorry for him”
LUK	10	34	emq5	figs-events	κατέδησεν τὰ τραύματα αὐτοῦ, ἐπιχέων ἔλαιον καὶ οἶνον	1	bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine	He would have put the oil and wine on the wounds first, and then bound the wounds. Alternate translation: “he put wine and oil on the wounds and wrapped them with cloth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-events]])
LUK	10	34	um21	figs-explicit	ἐπιχέων ἔλαιον καὶ οἶνον	1	pouring on oil and wine	Wine was used to clean the wound, and oil was probably used to prevent infection. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “pouring oil and wine on them to help heal them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	34	ktz4		τὸ ἴδιον κτῆνος	1	his own animal	“his own pack animal.” This was an animal that he used to carry heavy loads. It was probably a donkey.
LUK	10	35	z9w5	translate-bmoney	δύο δηνάρια	1	two denarii	“two day’s wages.” “Denarii” is the plural of “denarius.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
LUK	10	35	nu6t		τῷ πανδοχεῖ	1	the host	“the innkeeper” or “the person who took care of the inn”
LUK	10	35	f5dz		ὅ τι ἂν προσδαπανήσῃς, ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ ἐπανέρχεσθαί με ἀποδώσω σοι	1	whatever more you might spend, when I return, I will repay you	This could be reordered. Alternate translation: “when I return, I will repay you whatever amount you may need to spend that is more than this”
LUK	10	36	pa6a		τίς τούτων τῶν τριῶν πλησίον δοκεῖ σοι…τοὺς λῃστάς?	1	Which of these three do you think…the robbers?	This could be written as two questions. Alternate translation: “What do you think? Which of these three men was a neighbor…robbers?”
LUK	10	36	v31w		πλησίον…γεγονέναι	1	was a neighbor	“showed himself to be a true neighbor”
LUK	10	36	kv4z		τοῦ ἐμπεσόντος εἰς τοὺς λῃστάς	1	to the one who fell among the robbers	“to the man whom the robbers attacked”
LUK	10	37	ig9x	figs-ellipsis	πορεύου καὶ σὺ ποίει ὁμοίως	1	Go and you do the same	It might be helpful to give more information. Alternate translation: “In the same way, you should also go and help people as much as you can” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	10	38	g8u4			0	General Information:	Jesus comes to Martha’s house where her sister Mary listens to Jesus with great attention.
LUK	10	38	kv4q	writing-newevent	δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	10	38	x6b2		ἐν…τῷ πορεύεσθαι αὐτοὺς	1	as they were traveling along	“as Jesus and his disciples were traveling along”
LUK	10	38	e79m		κώμην τινά	1	a certain village	This introduces the village as a new location, but does not name it.
LUK	10	38	i17j	writing-participants	γυνὴ…τις ὀνόματι Μάρθα	1	a certain woman named Martha	This introduces Martha as a new character. Your language may have a way of introducing new people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	10	39	fal8	figs-explicit	καὶ παρακαθεσθεῖσα πρὸς τοὺς πόδας τοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	who also sat at the feet of Jesus	This was the normal and respectful position for a learner at that time. Alternate translation: “sat on the floor near Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	39	i74b	figs-metonymy	ἤκουεν τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ	1	listened to his word	This refers to everything that Jesus taught while at Martha’s house. Alternate translation: “listened to the Lord teach” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	10	40	adr5		περιεσπᾶτο	1	was distracted	“very busy” or “too busy”
LUK	10	40	jd9a	figs-rquestion	οὐ μέλει σοι…μόνην με κατέλιπεν διακονεῖν?	1	do you not care…me to serve alone?	Martha is complaining that the Lord is allowing Mary to sit listening to him when there is so much work to do. She respects the Lord, so she uses a rhetorical question to make her complaint more polite. Alternate translation: “it seems like you do not care…alone.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	10	41	dsw3		Μάρθα, Μάρθα	1	Martha, Martha	Jesus repeats Martha’s name for emphasis. Alternate translation: “Dear Martha” or “You, Martha”
LUK	10	42	hqt4	figs-explicit	ἑνός…ἐστιν χρεία	1	only one thing is necessary	Jesus is contrasting what Mary is doing with what Martha is doing. It may be helpful to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “the only thing that is really necessary is to listen to my teaching” or “listening to my teaching is more necessary than preparing a meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	10	42	nzn8	figs-activepassive	ἥτις οὐκ ἀφαιρεθήσεται ἀπ’ αὐτῆς	1	which will not be taken away from her	Possible meanings are 1) “I will not take this opportunity away from her” or 2) “she will not lose what she has gained as she was listening to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	intro	j6le			0		# Luke 11 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the lines in 11:2-4 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are a special prayer.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The Lord’s Prayer<br><br>When Jesus’ followers asked him to teach them how to pray, he taught them this prayer. He did not expect them to use the same words every time they prayed, but he did want them to know what God wanted them to pray about.<br><br>### Jonah<br><br>Jonah was an Old Testament prophet who was sent to the Gentile city of Nineveh to tell them to repent. When he told them to repent, they repented. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]])<br><br>### Light and darkness<br><br>The Bible often speaks of unrighteous people, people who do not do what pleases God, as if they were walking around in darkness. It speaks of light as if it were what enables those sinful people to become righteous, to understand what they are doing wrong and begin to obey God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>### Washing<br><br>The Pharisees would wash themselves and the things they ate with. They would even wash things that were not dirty. The law of Moses did not tell them to wash these things, but they would wash them anyway. This was because they thought that if they obeyed both the rules that God had made and some rules that God had not made, God would think that they were better people. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])<br>
LUK	11	1	rkn4			0	General Information:	The is the beginning of the next part of the story. Jesus teaches his disciples to pray.
LUK	11	1	fl3j	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	11	1	c9n4		ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτὸν…τις	1	when Jesus was praying…one	It may be more natural to state that Jesus finished praying before the disciple asked the question. Alternate translation: “that Jesus was praying in a certain place. When he finished praying, one of”
LUK	11	2	fzc6		εἶπεν δὲ αὐτοῖς	1	So he said to them	“Jesus said to his disciples”
LUK	11	2	n3pz	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Πάτερ	1	Father	Jesus is commanding the disciples to honor the name of God the Father by addressing him as “Father” when praying to him. This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	11	2	b6sr	figs-metonymy	ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά σου	1	may your name be honored as holy	“cause everyone to honor your name.” “Name” often refers to the entire person. Alternate translation: “may all people honor you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	2	tm1a	figs-metonymy	ἐλθέτω ἡ βασιλεία σου	1	May your kingdom come	The action of God ruling over everyone is spoken of as if it were God himself. Alternate translation: “May you come and rule over everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	3	d3bw			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to teach his disciples how to pray.
LUK	11	3	q89w		δίδου ἡμῖν	1	Give us	This is an imperative, but it should be translated as a request, rather than as a command. It may be helpful to add something such as “please” to them to make this clear. Alternate translation: “Please give us”
LUK	11	3	s6qp	figs-synecdoche	τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον	1	our daily bread	Bread was an inexpensive food that people ate every day. It is used here to refer to food in general. Alternate translation: “the food we need each day” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	11	4	iid7		καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν…μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς	1	Forgive us…Do not lead us	These are imperatives, but they should be translated as requests, rather than as commands. It may be helpful to add something such as “please” to them to make this clear. Alternate translation: “Please forgive us…Please do not lead us”
LUK	11	4	d9w3		ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἡμῶν	1	Forgive us our sins	“Forgive us for sinning against you” or “Forgive our sins”
LUK	11	4	m7ej		καὶ γὰρ αὐτοὶ ἀφίομεν	1	for we also forgive	“since we also forgive”
LUK	11	4	wi99		ὀφείλοντι ἡμῖν	1	who is in debt to us	“who has sinned against us” or “who has done wrong things to us”
LUK	11	4	db55		μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν	1	do not lead us into temptation	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “Lead us away from temptation”
LUK	11	5	sa5c			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to teach his disciples about prayer.
LUK	11	5	y1s9		χρῆσόν μοι τρεῖς ἄρτους	1	lend to me three loaves of bread	“let me borrow three loaves of bread” or “give me three loaves of bread and I will pay you later.” The host does not have any food ready to give to his guest.
LUK	11	5	fu6a	figs-synecdoche	τρεῖς ἄρτους	1	three loaves of bread	Bread is often used to represent food in general. Alternate translation: “enough cooked food for a meal” or “enough prepared food for a person to eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	11	6	ggn1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes asking a question that begins in verse 5.
LUK	11	6	ua8t	figs-rquestion	ἐπειδὴ φίλος…παραθήσω αὐτῷ	1	since a friend…to set before him’?	Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. “Suppose one of you has…to set before him’.” or “Suppose you have…to set before him’.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	11	6	zl5w	figs-explicit	παρεγένετο ἐξ ὁδοῦ πρός με	1	just came to me from the road	It is implied that the visitor has come far from his home. Alternate translation: “was traveling and just came to my house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	6	zp7j		ὃ παραθήσω αὐτῷ	1	anything to set before him	“any food ready to give him”
LUK	11	7	vhf7		οὐ δύναμαι ἀναστὰς	1	I am not able to get up	“It is not convenient for me to get up”
LUK	11	8	zl2k	figs-you	λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	Jesus was speaking to the disciples. The word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	11	8	qyu7		δώσει αὐτῷ…διὰ τὸ εἶναι…αὐτοῦ…αὐτοῦ…αὐτῷ…χρῄζει	1	to give it to him because he is…his…his…him…he needs	Jesus addresses the disciples as if they were the ones asking for bread. Alternate translation: “give bread to him because he is…his…he…he needs”
LUK	11	8	prx6	figs-abstractnouns	διά γε τὴν ἀναίδειαν αὐτοῦ	1	yet because of your shameless persistence	The phrase can be reworded to eliminate the abstract noun “persistence.” Alternate translation: “because you persist shamelessly” or “because you boldly continue to ask him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	11	9	j4ef	figs-you	αἰτεῖτε…ζητεῖτε…κρούετε	1	ask…seek…knock	Jesus gives these commands to encourage his disciples to pray continually. Some languages may also require more information with these verbs. Use the form of “you” that would be most appropriate in this context. Alternate translation: “keep asking for what you need…keep seeking what you need from God…find it…keep knocking on the door” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	9	i7j9	figs-activepassive	δοθήσεται ὑμῖν	1	it will be given to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will give it to you” or “you will receive it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	9	l1f6	figs-metaphor	κρούετε	1	knock	To knock at a door is to hit it a few times to let a person inside the house know you are standing outside. It can also be translated using the way people in your culture show that they have arrived, such as “call out” or “cough” or “clap.” Here, it means a person should keep praying to God until he answers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	9	kp3h	figs-activepassive	ἀνοιγήσεται ὑμῖν	1	it will be opened to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will open the door for you” or “God will welcome you inside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	11	km3x			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes teaching his disciples about prayer.
LUK	11	11	q63d	figs-rquestion	τίνα δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν τὸν πατέρα…ἰχθύος, ὄφιν αὐτῷ ἐπιδώσει?	1	Which father among you…he will give him a snake…a fish?	Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. It could also be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “None of you fathers…a fish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	11	12	r52w	figs-rquestion	ἢ καὶ αἰτήσει…αὐτῷ σκορπίον?	1	Or if he asks…scorpion to him?	Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. It could also be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “And you would never give him a scorpion if he asks for an egg” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	11	12	e8hr	translate-unknown	σκορπίον	1	a scorpion	A scorpion is similar to a spider, but it has a tail with a poisonous sting. If scorpions are not known where you are, you could translate this as “poisonous spider” or “spider that stings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	11	13	g99r		εἰ…ὑμεῖς πονηροὶ ὑπάρχοντες, οἴδατε	1	if you who are evil know	“since you who are evil know” or “even though you are sinful, you know”
LUK	11	13	aww7	figs-rquestion	πόσῳ μᾶλλον ὁ Πατὴρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, δώσει Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον…αὐτόν?	1	how much more will your Father from heaven give the Holy Spirit…him?	“how much more certain is it that your Father in heaven will give the Holy Spirit…him?” Jesus again uses a question to teach his disciples. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you can be sure that your Father from heaven will give the Holy Spirit…him.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	11	14	r2sx			0	General Information:	Jesus is questioned after he drives a demon out of a mute man.
LUK	11	14	uyu1	writing-newevent	καὶ	1	Now	The author uses this word to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	11	14	cly7	figs-ellipsis	ἦν ἐκβάλλων δαιμόνιον	1	Jesus was driving out a demon	It may be helpful to add extra information. Alternate translation: “Jesus was driving a demon out of a person” or “Jesus was making a demon leave a person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	11	14	afa8	figs-explicit	δαιμόνιον κωφόν	1	a demon that was mute	The demon has power to prevent people from speaking. Alternate translation: “demon that caused the man to be unable to speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	14	l6cg		καὶ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark where the action starts. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. When the demon comes out of the man, some of the people criticize Jesus, and that leads to Jesus teaching about evil spirits.
LUK	11	14	p72b	figs-ellipsis	τοῦ δαιμονίου ἐξελθόντος	1	when the demon had gone out	It may be helpful to add extra information. Alternate translation: “when the demon had gone out of the man” or “when the demon left the man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	11	14	tnq3		ἐλάλησεν ὁ κωφός	1	the man who had been mute spoke	“the man who had been unable to speak now spoke”
LUK	11	15	y6zi		ἐν Βεελζεβοὺλ τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων, ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια	1	By Beelzebul, the ruler of demons, he is driving out demons	“He is driving out demons by the power of Beelzebul, the ruler of demons”
LUK	11	16	w41v			0	General Information:	Jesus begins to respond to the crowd.
LUK	11	16	r519		ἕτεροι δὲ πειράζοντες	1	Others tested him	“Other people tested Jesus.” They wanted him to prove that his authority was from God.
LUK	11	16	x9fw		σημεῖον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐζήτουν παρ’ αὐτοῦ	1	and sought from him a sign from heaven	“and asked him to give a sign from heaven” or “by demanding that he give a sign from heaven.” This was how they wanted him to prove that his authority was from God.
LUK	11	17	e36g	figs-metonymy	πᾶσα βασιλεία ἐφ’ ἑαυτὴν διαμερισθεῖσα ἐρημοῦται	1	Every kingdom divided against itself is made desolate	“kingdom” here refers to the people in it. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “If people of a kingdom fight among themselves, they will destroy their kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	17	rc4h	figs-metonymy	οἶκος ἐπὶ οἶκον πίπτει	1	a house divided against itself falls	Here “house” refers to a family. Alternate translation: “if family members fight each other, they will ruin their family” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	17	ze6p	figs-metaphor	πίπτει	1	falls	“crashes down and is destroyed.” This image of the house collapsing refers to the destruction of a family when the members fight each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	18	i74u	figs-metonymy	εἰ…ὁ Σατανᾶς ἐφ’ ἑαυτὸν διεμερίσθη	1	if Satan is divided against himself	“Satan” here is referring to the demons who follow Satan as well as to Satan himself. Alternate translation: “If Satan and members of his kingdom are fighting among themselves” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	18	jd5t	figs-rquestion	εἰ…ὁ Σατανᾶς…πῶς σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ?	1	If Satan…how will his kingdom stand?	Jesus uses a question to teach the people. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “If Satan…his kingdom will not last.” or “If Satan…his kingdom will fall apart.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	11	18	vnt9	figs-explicit	ὅτι λέγετε, ἐν Βεελζεβοὺλ ἐκβάλλειν με τὰ δαιμόνια	1	For you say I force out demons by Beelzebul	“For you say that it is by the power of Beelzebul that I make demons leave people.” The next part of his argument can be stated explicitly: Alternate translation: “For you say that it is by the power of Beelzebul that I make demons leave people. That would mean that Satan is divided against himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	19	i48v	figs-rquestion	εἰ δὲ ἐγὼ…οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν ἐν τίνι ἐκβάλλουσιν?	1	Now if I…by whom do your followers drive them out?	“If I…by whose power do your followers force demons to leave people?” Jesus uses a question to teach the people. The meaning of Jesus’ question can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “If I…then we must agree that your followers also drive out demons by Beelzebul’s power. But you do not believe that it is true.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	19	bs8x		αὐτοὶ ὑμῶν κριταὶ ἔσονται	1	they will be your judges	“your followers who cast out demons by God’s power will judge you for saying that I cast out demons by Beelzebul’s power”
LUK	11	20	y643	figs-metonymy	ἐν δακτύλῳ Θεοῦ	1	by the finger of God	The “finger of God” refers to God’s power. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	20	ja3u		ἄρα ἔφθασεν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	then the kingdom of God has come to you	“this shows that God’s kingdom has come to you”
LUK	11	21	e4d1	figs-metaphor	ὅταν ὁ ἰσχυρὸς…ἐν εἰρήνῃ ἐστὶν τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ	1	When a strong man…his possessions are safe	This speaks about Jesus defeating Satan and his demons as if Jesus were a stronger man who takes what belongs to a strong man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	21	pb5v		ἐν εἰρήνῃ ἐστὶν τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ	1	his possessions are safe	“no one can steal his things”
LUK	11	22	g1hx	figs-metaphor	ἐπὰν…ἰσχυρότερος αὐτοῦ…τὰ σκῦλα αὐτοῦ διαδίδωσιν	1	when one who is stronger than him…divide his possessions	This speaks about Jesus defeating Satan and his demons as if Jesus were a stronger man who takes what belongs to a strong man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	22	my6r		τὴν πανοπλίαν αὐτοῦ αἴρει	1	takes away his armor	“removes the man’s weapons and protection”
LUK	11	22	zv57		τὰ σκῦλα αὐτοῦ διαδίδωσιν	1	divides his possessions	“steals his possessions” or “takes away anything that he wants”
LUK	11	23	yw6h		ὁ μὴ ὢν μετ’ ἐμοῦ, κατ’ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν; καὶ ὁ μὴ συνάγων μετ’ ἐμοῦ, σκορπίζει	1	The one who is not with me is against me, and the one who does not gather with me scatters	This refers to any person or any group of people. “Anyone who is not with me is against me, and anyone who does not gather with me scatters” or “Those who are not with me are against me, and those who do not gather with me scatter”
LUK	11	23	h3kb		ὁ μὴ ὢν μετ’ ἐμοῦ	1	The one who is not with me	“one who does not support me” or “one who does not work with me”
LUK	11	23	t7zn		κατ’ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν	1	is against me	“works against me”
LUK	11	23	wa13	figs-explicit	ὁ μὴ συνάγων μετ’ ἐμοῦ, σκορπίζει	1	the one who does not gather with me scatters	Jesus is referring to gathering disciples who follow him. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “anyone who does not cause people to come and follow me causes them to go away from me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	24	fpj5		ἀνύδρων τόπων	1	waterless places	This refers to “desolate places” where the evil spirits wander.
LUK	11	24	yvp4		μὴ εὑρίσκον	1	not finding any	“If the spirit does not find any rest there”
LUK	11	24	s89t	figs-metaphor	τὸν οἶκόν μου, ὅθεν ἐξῆλθον	1	my house from which I came	This refers to the person in which he used to live. Alternate translation: “the person in whom I used to live” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	25	b4u3	figs-activepassive	εὑρίσκει σεσαρωμένον καὶ κεκοσμημένον	1	finds it swept out and put in order	This metaphor speaks about the person as if he were a house that is swept clean and things put in their places. It is implied that the house is still empty. This can be stated in active form with that information made explicit. Alternate translation: “finds that the person is like a house that someone has swept clean and organized by putting everything where it belongs, but has left empty” or “finds that the person is like a house that is clean and organized, but empty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	26	wqq4	figs-ellipsis	χείρονα τῶν πρώτων	1	worse than the first	The word “first” refers to the condition of the man while he had the unclean spirit before it left him. Alternate translation: “worse than his condition was before the spirit left” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	11	27	bui3			0	General Information:	This is a break in Jesus’ teachings. A woman speaks a blessing and Jesus responds.
LUK	11	27	m86m	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	11	27	pk7m	figs-idiom	ἐπάρασά…φωνὴν…ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου	1	raised her voice above the crowd	This idiom means “spoke loudly above the noise of the crowd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	11	27	vjt7	figs-synecdoche	μακαρία ἡ κοιλία ἡ βαστάσασά σε, καὶ μαστοὶ οὓς ἐθήλασας	1	Blessed is the womb that bore you and the breasts at which you nursed	The parts of a woman’s body are used to refer to the whole woman. Alternate translation: “How good it is for the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts” or “How happy the woman who bore you and nursed you at her breasts must be” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	11	28	c7e8		μενοῦν, μακάριοι οἱ ἀκούοντες	1	Rather, blessed are the ones who hear	“It is even better for those”
LUK	11	28	c3f2		οἱ ἀκούοντες τὸν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the ones who hear the word of God	“hear the message God has spoken”
LUK	11	29	u6eq			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues teaching the crowd.
LUK	11	29	cf2t		τῶν δὲ ὄχλων ἐπαθροιζομένων	1	As the crowds were increasing	“As more people were joining the crowd” or “As the crowd was growing larger”
LUK	11	29	kt6k		ἡ γενεὰ αὕτη γενεὰ πονηρά ἐστιν;…ζητεῖ…αὐτῇ	1	This generation is an evil generation. It seeks…to it	Here “generation” refers to the people in it. Alternate translation: “The people living at this time are evil people. They seek…to them” or “You people living at this time are evil people. You seek…to you”
LUK	11	29	q19q	figs-explicit	σημεῖον ζητεῖ	1	It seeks a sign	The information about what kind of sign it seeks can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “It wants me to perform a miracle as proof that I have come from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	29	s29w	figs-activepassive	σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ	1	no sign will be given to it	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will not give it a sign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	29	ft6z		τὸ σημεῖον Ἰωνᾶ	1	the sign of Jonah	“what happened to Jonah” or “the miracle that God did for Jonah”
LUK	11	30	vj9m		καθὼς γὰρ ἐγένετο Ἰωνᾶς…σημεῖον, οὕτως…τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ	1	For just as Jonah became a sign…so too…this generation	This means that Jesus will serve as a sign from God for the Jews of that day in exactly the same way as Jonah served as a sign from God to the people of Nineveh.
LUK	11	30	il7p		ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus is referring to himself.
LUK	11	30	ax7q		τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ	1	this generation	“the people living today”
LUK	11	31	t1mw		βασίλισσα νότου	1	Queen of the South	This refers to the Queen of Sheba. Sheba was a kingdom south of Israel.
LUK	11	31	bx3c		ἐγερθήσεται ἐν τῇ κρίσει μετὰ τῶν ἀνδρῶν τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης	1	will rise up at the judgment with the men of this generation	“will stand up and judge the people of this time”
LUK	11	31	rnq9	figs-idiom	ἦλθεν ἐκ τῶν περάτων τῆς γῆς	1	she came from the ends of the earth	This idiom means that she came from very far away. Alternate translation: “she came a very great distance” or “she came from a place very far away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	11	31	cwa7	figs-explicit	πλεῖον Σολομῶνος ὧδε	1	someone greater than Solomon is here	Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, who am greater than Solomon, am here” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	31	p75h	figs-explicit	πλεῖον Σολομῶνος	1	someone greater than Solomon	Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I am greater than Solomon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	32	pkh5	figs-explicit	ἄνδρες Νινευεῖται	1	The men of Nineveh	It may be helpful to state explicitly that this refers to the ancient city of Nineveh. Alternate translation: “The men who lived in the ancient city of Nineveh” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	32	g456	figs-gendernotations	ἄνδρες	1	The men	This includes both men and woman. Alternate translation: “The people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK	11	32	uwp5		τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης	1	this generation	“the people of this time”
LUK	11	32	lrw7		ὅτι μετενόησαν	1	for they repented	“for the people of Nineveh repented”
LUK	11	32	ac61	figs-explicit	πλεῖον Ἰωνᾶ ὧδε	1	someone greater than Jonah is here	Jesus is speaking about himself. It may be helpful to explicitly state that they have not listened to him. Alternate translation: “even though I am greater than Jonah, you still have not repented” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	33	lf3j	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Verses 33-36 are a metaphor where Jesus speaks of his teaching as “light” that he wants his disciples to obey and share with others. He speaks of people who do not know or accept his teaching as being in “darkness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	33	rl2i			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes teaching the crowd.
LUK	11	33	ht3v		εἰς κρύπτην τίθησιν, οὐδὲ ὑπὸ τὸν μόδιον	1	puts it in a hidden place or under a basket	“hides it or puts in under a basket”
LUK	11	33	hz46	figs-ellipsis	ἀλλ’ ἐπὶ τὴν λυχνίαν	1	but on the lampstand	The understood subject and verb in this clause may be supplied. Alternate translation: “but a person places it on a lampstand” or “but a person puts it on a table” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	11	34	n1pg	figs-metaphor	ὁ λύχνος τοῦ σώματός ἐστιν ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου	1	The lamp of the body is your eye	In this part of the metaphor, the things they saw Jesus do provided understanding just as an eye provides light for the body. Alternate translation: “Your eye is like the lamp of the body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	34	w2up	figs-metonymy	ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου	1	your eye	The eye is a metonym for vision. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	34	s4ep	figs-synecdoche	τοῦ σώματός	1	the body	The body is a synecdoche for a person’s life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	11	34	rm2n	figs-metonymy	ὅταν ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου ἁπλοῦς ᾖ	1	When your eye is good	Here “eye” here is a metonym for vision. Alternate translation: “When your vision is good” or “when you see well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	34	e9g2	figs-activepassive	καὶ ὅλον τὸ σῶμά σου φωτεινόν ἐστιν	1	your whole body is also filled with light	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the light will fill your whole body” or “you will be able to see everything clearly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	34	td49	figs-metonymy	ἐπὰν…πονηρὸς ᾖ	1	when it is bad	Here “eye” is a metonym for vision. Alternate translation: “When your vision is bad” or “when you see poorly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	34	iz5p		καὶ τὸ σῶμά σου σκοτεινόν	1	your body is also full of darkness	“you will not be able to see anything”
LUK	11	35	z96u		σκόπει…μὴ τὸ φῶς τὸ ἐν σοὶ σκότος ἐστίν	1	be careful that the light in you is not darkness	“make sure that what you think is light is not actually darkness” or “make sure you know what is light and make sure you know what is darkness”
LUK	11	36	g336	figs-simile	ἔσται φωτεινὸν ὅλον, ὡς ὅταν ὁ λύχνος τῇ ἀστραπῇ φωτίζῃ σε	1	it will all be full of light, as when the lamp shines its brightness on you	Jesus states the same truth as a simile. He speaks of people who are full of truth as if they are a lamp that shines brightly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	11	37	c6fc			0	General Information:	Jesus is invited to eat at a Pharisee’s house.
LUK	11	37	h6zz	writing-newevent	ἐν δὲ τῷ λαλῆσαι	1	Now when he had finished speaking	The author uses these words to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	11	37	x6nx	figs-explicit	ἀνέπεσεν	1	reclined at table	It was the custom for a relaxed meal such as this dinner for men to eat while lying down comfortably around the table. You might want to translate using the word your language uses for the way people’s bodies are when they eat. Alternate translation: “sat down at the table” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	38	bm8j	figs-explicit	οὐ πρῶτον ἐβαπτίσθη	1	he did not wash first	The Pharisees had a rule that people must wash their hands in order to be ceremonially clean before God. Alternate translation: “wash his hands” or “wash his hands in order to be ritually clean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	39	xf4e	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to speak to the Pharisee using a metaphor. He compares the way they clean cups and bowls to how they clean themselves. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	39	zkq7	figs-explicit	τὸ ἔξωθεν τοῦ ποτηρίου καὶ τοῦ πίνακος	1	the outside of cups and bowls	Washing of the outside of containers was a part of the ritual practices of the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	39	b8gj	figs-metaphor	τὸ δὲ ἔσωθεν ὑμῶν γέμει ἁρπαγῆς καὶ πονηρίας	1	but the inside of you is filled with greed and evil	This part of the metaphor contrasts the careful way they clean the outside of the dishes with the way they ignore their own internal condition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	40	zq4l		ἄφρονες!	1	You foolish ones!	This expression can refer to men or women, even though all of the Pharisees to whom Jesus was speaking to here were men.
LUK	11	40	g39h	figs-rquestion	οὐχ ὁ ποιήσας τὸ ἔξωθεν, καὶ τὸ ἔσωθεν ἐποίησεν?	1	Did not the one who made the outside also make the inside?	Jesus uses a question to rebuke the Pharisees for not understanding that what is in their hearts matters to God. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “The one who made the outside also made the inside!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	11	41	m3ww	figs-explicit	τὰ ἐνόντα δότε ἐλεημοσύνην	1	give as charity what is inside	This refers to what they should be doing with their cups and bowls. Alternate translation: “Give to the poor what is inside your cups and bowls” or “Be generous to the poor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	41	phz9		πάντα καθαρὰ ὑμῖν ἐστιν	1	all things will be clean for you	“you will be completely clean” or “you will be clean both inside and outside”
LUK	11	42	ans4		ἀποδεκατοῦτε τὸ ἡδύοσμον, καὶ τὸ πήγανον, καὶ πᾶν λάχανον	1	the mint and the rue and every garden herb	“you give God one tenth of your mint and rue and other herbs from your garden.” Jesus was giving an example of how extreme the Pharisees were in giving a tenth of their income.
LUK	11	42	p71g	translate-unknown	τὸ ἡδύοσμον, καὶ τὸ πήγανον	1	the mint and the rue and every garden herb	These are herbs. People put just a little bit of these leaves into their food to give it flavor. If people do not know what mint and rue are, you can use the name of herbs they know or a general expression such as “herbs.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	11	42	l25z		πᾶν λάχανον	1	every garden herb	Possible meanings are 1) “every other vegetable” 2) “every other garden herb” or 3) “every other garden plant.”
LUK	11	42	yk7d		τὴν ἀγάπην τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the love of God	“to love God” or “love for God.” God is the one who is loved.
LUK	11	42	myv2	figs-litotes	κἀκεῖνα μὴ παρεῖναι	1	and not to neglect those things	“without failing” emphasizes that this should always be done. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “and to always do the other good things as well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
LUK	11	43	lnx3			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes speaking to the Pharisee.
LUK	11	43	w6pv		τὴν πρωτοκαθεδρίαν	1	the best seats	“the best seats”
LUK	11	43	sz72		τοὺς ἀσπασμοὺς	1	the respectful greetings	“you like people to greet you with special honor”
LUK	11	44	hag2	figs-simile	ἐστὲ ὡς τὰ μνημεῖα τὰ ἄδηλα, καὶ οἱ ἄνθρωποι οἱ περιπατοῦντες ἐπάνω οὐκ οἴδασι	1	you are like unmarked graves, and people walk over them without knowing it	The Pharisees are like unmarked graves because they look ceremonially clean, but they cause people around them to become unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	11	44	mrw1		τὰ μνημεῖα τὰ ἄδηλα	1	unmarked graves	These graves were holes dug in the ground where a dead body was buried. They did not have the white stones that people normally place over graves so that others would see them.
LUK	11	44	h9x7	figs-explicit	οὐκ οἴδασιν	1	without knowing it	When the Jews walked over a grave, they would become ceremonially unclean. These unmarked graves caused them to accidentally do that. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “without realizing it and become ceremonially unclean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	45	ics8			0	General Information:	Jesus begins to respond to a Jewish teacher.
LUK	11	45	u1vv	writing-participants	τις τῶν νομικῶν	1	one of the teachers of the law	This introduces a new character into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	11	45	v1pr		ταῦτα λέγων, καὶ ἡμᾶς ὑβρίζεις	1	saying these things, you insult us too	Jesus’ comments about the Pharisees also seemed to apply to the teachers of the Jewish laws.
LUK	11	46	wx9j		ὑμῖν τοῖς νομικοῖς οὐαί!	1	Woe to you, teachers of the law!	Jesus makes it clear that he intended to condemn the actions of the teachers of the law along with the Pharisees.
LUK	11	46	v2vl	figs-metaphor	φορτίζετε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους φορτία δυσβάστακτα	1	you put people under burdens that are hard to carry	“you put burdens on people that are too heavy and they cannot carry them.” Jesus speaks about someone giving people many rules as if the person were giving them heavy things to carry. Alternate translation: “you burden people by giving them too many rules to follow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	46	mws4		ἑνὶ τῶν δακτύλων ὑμῶν οὐ προσψαύετε τοῖς φορτίοις	1	do not touch the burdens with one of your fingers	Possible meanings are 1) “do anything at all to help people carry those burdens” or 2) “make any effort to carry those burdens yourselves.”
LUK	11	48	drs1	figs-explicit	ἄρα μαρτυρεῖτε καὶ συνευδοκεῖτε	1	So you are witnesses and you consent	Jesus is rebuking the Pharisees and teachers of the law. They know about the murder of the prophets, but do not condemn their ancestors for killing them. Alternate translation: “So, rather than denouncing them, you confirm and agree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	11	49	by5w		διὰ τοῦτο	1	For this reason	This refers back to the previous statement that the teachers of the law burdened people with rules.
LUK	11	49	c97g	figs-personification	ἡ σοφία τοῦ Θεοῦ εἶπεν	1	the wisdom of God said	“wisdom” is treated as if it was able to speak for God. Alternate translation: “God in his wisdom said” or “God wisely said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
LUK	11	49	lda4		ἀποστελῶ εἰς αὐτοὺς προφήτας καὶ ἀποστόλους	1	I will send to them prophets and apostles	“I will send prophets and apostles to my people.” God had declared beforehand that he would send prophets and apostles to the ancestors of the Jewish audience to whom Jesus was speaking.
LUK	11	49	w1fh		ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτενοῦσιν καὶ διώξουσιν	1	they will persecute and they will kill some of them	“my people will persecute and kill some of the prophets and apostles.” God had declared beforehand that the ancestors of the Jewish audience to whom Jesus was speaking would persecute and kill the prophets and apostles.
LUK	11	50	pi6u	figs-metonymy	ἐκζητηθῇ τὸ αἷμα πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, τὸ ἐκχυννόμενον…ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης	1	This generation, then, will be held responsible for all the blood of the prophets shed	The people to whom Jesus is speaking will be held responsible for the murder of the prophets by their ancestors. Alternate translation: “Therefore, God will hold this generation responsible for all the deaths of the prophets that people have killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	50	d1rf	figs-metonymy	τὸ αἷμα πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, τὸ ἐκχυννόμενον	1	all the blood of the prophets which has been shed	The “blood…shed” refers to the blood spilled when they were killed. Alternate translation: “the murder of the prophets” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	11	51	jes7		Ζαχαρίου	1	Zechariah	This was probably the priest in the Old Testament who rebuked the people of Israel for idolatry. This was not the Father of John the Baptist.
LUK	11	51	pav1	figs-activepassive	τοῦ ἀπολομένου	1	who was killed	This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the people killed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	11	52	vj5a			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes responding to the Jewish teacher.
LUK	11	52	s4fc	figs-metaphor	ἤρατε τὴν κλεῖδα τῆς γνώσεως…τοὺς εἰσερχομένους ἐκωλύσατε	1	you have taken away the key of knowledge…hinder those who are entering	Jesus speaks about God’s truth as if it were in a house that the teachers refuse to enter and will not let others have the key to enter either. This means the teachers do not truly know God, and they prevent others from knowing him as well. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	11	52	xg48		τὴν κλεῖδα	1	the key	This represents the means of access, as to a house or storage room.
LUK	11	52	fj7x		αὐτοὶ οὐκ εἰσήλθατε	1	you do not enter in yourselves	“you yourselves do not go in to get knowledge”
LUK	11	53	mld3			0	General Information:	This is the end of the part of the story where Jesus eats at the Pharisee’s house. These verses tell the reader what happens after the main part of the story ends.
LUK	11	53	ejf1		κἀκεῖθεν ἐξελθόντος αὐτοῦ	1	After he went out from there	“After Jesus left the Pharisee’s house”
LUK	11	53	h9sw		ἀποστοματίζειν αὐτὸν περὶ πλειόνων	1	argued against him about many things	The scribes and Pharisees did not argue in order to defend their views, but to try to trap Jesus so they could accuse him of breaking the law of God.
LUK	11	54	mr32	figs-metaphor	αὐτὸν θηρεῦσαί τι ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ	1	to trap him in something from his mouth	This means they wanted Jesus to say something wrong so that they could accuse him. The scribes and Pharisees did not argue in order to defend their views, but to try to trap Jesus so they could accuse him of breaking the law of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	intro	jun3			0		# Luke 12 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “Blasphemy against the Spirit”<br><br>No one knows for sure what actions people perform or what words they say when they commit this sin. However, they probably insult the Holy Spirit and his work. Part of the Holy Spirit’s work is to make people understand that they are sinners and that they need to have God forgive them. Therefore, anyone who does not try to stop sinning is probably committing blasphemy against the Spirit. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/blasphemy]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holyspirit]])<br><br>### Servants<br><br>God expects his people to remember that everything in the world belongs to God. God gives his people things so they can serve him. He wants them to please him by doing what he wants them to do with everything he has given them. One day Jesus will ask his servants what they have done with everything he gave them to use. He will give a reward to those who have done what he wanted them to do, and he will punish those who have not.<br><br>### Division<br><br>Jesus knew that those who did not choose to follow him would hate those who did choose to follow him. He also knew that most people love their families more than they love anyone else. So he wanted his followers to understand that following and pleasing him had to be more important to them than having their family love them ([Luke 12:51-56](./51.md)).<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 12;8](./08.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br>
LUK	12	1	w6x5			0	General Information:	Jesus begins to teach his disciples in front of thousands of people.
LUK	12	1	en8g	writing-newevent	ἐν οἷς	1	In the meantime	This is probably while the scribes and Pharisees were looking for a way to trap him. The author uses these words to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	12	1	r5jz	writing-background	ἐπισυναχθεισῶν τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου, ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους	1	when many thousands of the people were gathered together	This is background information that tells the setting of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	12	1	c8yk		τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου	1	many thousands of the people	“a very great crowd”
LUK	12	1	ybz9	figs-hyperbole	καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους	1	they trampled on each other	This is probably an exaggeration to emphasize that so many people were crowded close together that they would step on each other. Alternate translation: “they were stepping on each other” or “they were stepping on one another’s feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	12	1	x38n		ἤρξατο λέγειν πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον	1	he began to say to his disciples first of all	“Jesus first started speaking to his disciples, and said to them”
LUK	12	1	f5b9	figs-metaphor	προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς ζύμης, τῶν Φαρισαίων, ἥτις ἐστὶν ὑπόκρισις	1	Guard yourselves from the yeast of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy	Just as yeast spreads through a whole lump of bread dough, their hypocrisy was spreading through the whole community. Alternate translation: “Guard yourself against the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, which is like yeast” or “Be careful that you do not become hypocrites like the Pharisees. Their evil behavior influences everyone just as yeast affects a lump of dough” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	2	m1ti	grammar-connect-words-phrases	οὐδὲν δὲ…ἐστὶν	1	But nothing is	The word “But” connects this verse to the previous verse about the hypocrisy of the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
LUK	12	2	g46e	figs-activepassive	οὐδὲν…συνκεκαλυμμένον ἐστὶν, ὃ οὐκ ἀποκαλυφθήσεται	1	nothing is concealed that will not be revealed	“everything that is hidden will be shown.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will find out about everything that people do secretly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	2	e5w4	figs-parallelism	καὶ κρυπτὸν ὃ οὐ γνωσθήσεται	1	nor hidden that will not be known	This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence in order to emphasize its truth. It can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will learn about everything that others try to hide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	3	iv8i	figs-metonymy	ὧν ὅσα ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ εἴπατε, ἐν τῷ φωτὶ ἀκουσθήσεται	1	whatever you have said in the darkness will be heard in the light	Here “darkness” is a metonym for “night” which is a metonym for “private. And “light” is a metonym for “day” which is a metonym for “public. The phrase “will be heard” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whatever you have said privately at night, people will hear it in the daylight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	3	ix7b	figs-synecdoche	πρὸς τὸ οὖς ἐλαλήσατε	1	you have spoken in the ear	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whispered to another person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	12	3	jwe6		ἐν τοῖς ταμείοις	1	in the inner rooms	“in a closed room.” This refers to private speech. Alternate translation: “in privacy” or “secretly”
LUK	12	3	b93h	figs-activepassive	κηρυχθήσεται	1	will be proclaimed	“will be shouted loudly.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people will proclaim” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	3	rmx8		ἐπὶ τῶν δωμάτων	1	upon the housetops	Houses in Israel had flat roofs, so people could go up and stand on top of them. If readers would be distracted trying to imagine how people would get up on the house tops, this could also be translated with a more general expression, such as “from a high place so that everyone will be able to hear.”
LUK	12	4	m6t7		λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν, τοῖς φίλοις μου	1	I say to you my friends	Jesus readdresses his disciples to mark a shift in his speech to a new topic, in this case, to speak about not being afraid.
LUK	12	4	vc8j		μὴ ἐχόντων περισσότερόν τι ποιῆσαι	1	they do not have anything more that they can do	“they cannot cause any more harm”
LUK	12	5	fsr4	figs-explicit	φοβήθητε τὸν μετὰ…ἔχοντα ἐξουσίαν	1	Fear the one who, after…has authority	The phrase “the one” refers to God. This could be reworded. Alternate translation: “Fear God who, after…has authority” or “Fear God, because after…he has authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	5	us3x		μετὰ τὸ ἀποκτεῖναι	1	after he has killed	“after he kills you”
LUK	12	5	ric8		ἔχοντα ἐξουσίαν ἐμβαλεῖν εἰς τὴν Γέενναν	1	has authority to throw into hell	This is a general statement about God’s authority to judge people. It does not mean this will happen to the disciples. Alternate translation: “has authority to throw people into hell”
LUK	12	6	czr7	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ πέντε στρουθία πωλοῦνται ἀσσαρίων δύο?	1	Are not five sparrows sold for two small coins?	Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. Alternate translation: “You know that five sparrows are sold for only two small coins.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	6	u697		στρουθία	1	sparrows	very small, seed-eating birds
LUK	12	6	mru1	figs-activepassive	ἓν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπιλελησμένον ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	not one of them is forgotten in the sight of God	This could be stated in active form and in positive form. Alternate translation: “God never forgets any of them” or “God indeed remembers every sparrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
LUK	12	7	m833	figs-activepassive	καὶ αἱ τρίχες τῆς κεφαλῆς ὑμῶν πᾶσαι ἠρίθμηνται	1	even the hairs of your head are all numbered	This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God knows even how many hairs are on your head” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	7	shk3		μὴ φοβεῖσθε	1	Do not fear	The reason for the fear is not stated. Possible meanings are 1) “Do not be afraid of what will happen to you” or 2) “So do not be afraid of people who could hurt you.”
LUK	12	7	rca8		πολλῶν στρουθίων διαφέρετε	1	You are more valuable than many sparrows	“You are worth more to God than many sparrows”
LUK	12	8	xzh3		λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν	1	But I say to you	Jesus readdresses his audience to mark a shift in his speech to a new topic, in this case, to speak about confession.
LUK	12	8	d1cs	figs-explicit	πᾶς ὃς ἂν ὁμολογήσῃ ἐν ἐμοὶ ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων	1	everyone who confesses me before men	What is confessed can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “whoever tells others that he is my disciple” or “anyone who acknowledges before others that he is loyal to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	8	m5ek		ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man”
LUK	12	9	fu3j	figs-explicit	ὁ δὲ ἀρνησάμενός με ἐνώπιον τῶν ἀνθρώπων	1	but he who denies me before men	“he who disowns me before people.” What is denied can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “whoever refuses to acknowledge to others that he is my disciple” or “if anyone refuses to say that he is loyal to me, he” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	9	x27t	figs-activepassive	ἀπαρνηθήσεται	1	will be denied	“will be disowned.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the Son of Man will deny him” or “I will deny that he is my disciple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	10	rp5y		καὶ πᾶς ὃς ἐρεῖ λόγον εἰς τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	And everyone who speaks a word against the Son of Man	“Everyone who says something bad about the Son of Man”
LUK	12	10	px39	figs-activepassive	ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ	1	it will be forgiven him	“he will be forgiven.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will forgive him for that” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	10	v5ps		εἰς τὸ Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα βλασφημήσαντι	1	who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit	“speaks evil against the Holy Spirit”
LUK	12	10	p9g7	figs-activepassive	τῷ δὲ…οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται	1	but to him…it will not be forgiven	This can be expressed with an active verb. Alternate translation: “but he…God will not forgive him” or “but he…God will consider him guilty forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])
LUK	12	11	f2j9		ὅταν δὲ εἰσφέρωσιν ὑμᾶς	1	So when they bring you	It is not stated who brings them into judgment.
LUK	12	11	c1rk		ἐπὶ τὰς συναγωγὰς	1	before the synagogues	“into the synagogues to question you before the religious leaders”
LUK	12	11	gm94		τὰς ἀρχὰς, καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας	1	the rulers, and the authorities	It may be necessary to combine these into one statement. Alternate translation: “other people who have power in the country”
LUK	12	12	gz6v		ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ	1	in that hour	“at that time” or “then”
LUK	12	13	i2vi			0	General Information:	This is a break in Jesus’ teachings. A man asks Jesus to do something and Jesus responds to him.
LUK	12	13	d1dj	figs-explicit	μερίσασθαι μετ’ ἐμοῦ τὴν κληρονομίαν	1	to divide the inheritance with me	In that culture, inheritances came from the father, usually after the father had died. You may need to make explicit that the speaker’s father had probably died. Alternate translation: “share my father’s property with me now that our father is dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	14	i8sm		ἄνθρωπε	1	Man	Possible meanings are 1) this is simply a way to address a stranger or 2) Jesus is rebuking the man. Your language might have a way of addressing people in either of these ways. Some people do not translate this word at all.
LUK	12	14	hmn6	figs-rquestion	τίς με κατέστησεν κριτὴν ἢ μεριστὴν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς?	1	who made me a judge or a mediator over you?	Jesus uses a question to rebuke the man. Some languages would use the plural form for “you” or “your.” Alternate translation: “I am not your judge or mediator.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	15	me49		εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτούς	1	Then he said to them	The word “them” here probably refers to the whole crowd of people. Alternate translation: “And Jesus said to the crowd”
LUK	12	15	ckn2		φυλάσσεσθε ἀπὸ πάσης πλεονεξίας	1	keep yourselves from all greedy desires	“guard yourself from every form of greed.” Alternate translation: “do not allow yourself to love having things” or “do not let the urge to have more things control you”
LUK	12	15	f2sc		ἡ ζωὴ αὐτοῦ	1	a person’s life	This is a general statement of fact. It does not refer to any specific person. Some languages have a way of expressing that.
LUK	12	15	sh72		τῷ περισσεύειν…ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων αὐτῷ	1	the abundance of his possessions	“how many things he owns” or “how much wealth he has”
LUK	12	16	d37q	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues his teaching by telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	12	16	gc9i		εἶπεν δὲ…αὐτοὺς	1	Then he spoke to them	Jesus was probably still speaking to the entire crowd.
LUK	12	16	nkw9		εὐφόρησεν	1	yielded abundantly	“grew a very good harvest”
LUK	12	17	w55n	figs-rquestion	τί ποιήσω, ὅτι οὐκ ἔχω ποῦ συνάξω τοὺς καρπούς μου?	1	What will I do, because I do not have a place to store my crops?	This question reflects what the man was thinking to himself. Alternate translation: “I do not know what to do, because I do not have any place big enough to store all my crops!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	18	d82f		τὰς ἀποθήκας	1	barns	buildings where farmers store the crops they have harvested
LUK	12	18	w6gc		τὰ ἀγαθά	1	other goods	possessions
LUK	12	19	mqm6	figs-synecdoche	καὶ ἐρῶ τῇ ψυχῇ μου, ψυχή, ἔχεις πολλὰ ἀγαθὰ κείμενα εἰς ἔτη πολλά; ἀναπαύου, φάγε, πίε, εὐφραίνου.	1	I will say to my soul, “Soul, you have…many years. Rest easy…be merry.”	“I will say to myself, ‘I have…years. Rest…merry.’” or “I will tell myself that I have…years, so I can rest…merry.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	12	20	s4qm			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus quotes how God responds to the rich man, as he finishes telling his parable.
LUK	12	20	xgr9	figs-euphemism	ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτὶ, τὴν ψυχήν σου ἀπαιτοῦσιν ἀπὸ σοῦ	1	this very night your soul is required of you	The “soul” refers to the life of a person. Alternate translation: “you will die tonight” or “I will take your life from you tonight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	20	vyn1	figs-rquestion	ἃ δὲ ἡτοίμασας, τίνι ἔσται?	1	and the things you have prepared, whose will they be?	“who will own what you have stored up?” or “who will have what you prepared?” God uses a question to make the man realize that he would no longer possess those things. Alternate translation: “the things that you have prepared will belong to someone else!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	21	m47i		ὁ θησαυρίζων	1	the one who stores up treasure	“saves up valuable things”
LUK	12	21	fst9		μὴ εἰς Θεὸν πλουτῶν	1	is not rich toward God	has not used his time and possessions for the things that are important to God
LUK	12	22	ihk2			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues teaching his disciples in front of the crowd.
LUK	12	22	vim6		διὰ τοῦτο	1	For this reason	“For that reason” or “Because of what this story teaches”
LUK	12	22	cy4e		λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	“I want to tell you something important” or “you need to listen carefully to this”
LUK	12	22	u1cf		τῷ σώματι τί ἐνδύσησθε	1	about your body, what you will wear	“about your body and what you will wear” or “about having enough clothes to put on your body”
LUK	12	23	y4qa		ἡ γὰρ ψυχὴ πλεῖόν ἐστιν τῆς τροφῆς	1	For life is more than food	This is a general statement of value. Alternate translation: “life is more important than the food you eat”
LUK	12	23	ri78		τὸ σῶμα τοῦ ἐνδύματος	1	the body is more than clothes	“your body is more important than the clothes you wear”
LUK	12	24	zx97		τοὺς κόρακας	1	the ravens	This refers either to 1) crows, a kind of bird that eats mostly grain, or 2) ravens, a kind of bird that eats the flesh of dead animals. Jesus’ audience would have considered the ravens worthless since the Jewish people could not eat these types of birds.
LUK	12	24	y4t1		ταμεῖον…ἀποθήκη	1	storeroom…barn	These are places where food is stored.
LUK	12	24	i238	figs-exclamations	πόσῳ μᾶλλον ὑμεῖς διαφέρετε τῶν πετεινῶν!	1	How much more valuable you are than the birds!	This is an exclamation, not a question. Jesus emphasizes the fact that people are much more valuable to God then birds. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
LUK	12	25	lsx8	figs-rquestion	τίς δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν…ὴν ἡλικίαν αὐτοῦ προσθεῖναι πῆχυν?	1	Which of you…add a cubit to his lifespan?	Jesus uses a question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: “None of you can make your life any longer by being anxious!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	25	n286	figs-metaphor	ἐπὶ τὴν ἡλικίαν αὐτοῦ προσθεῖναι πῆχυν	1	add a cubit to his lifespan	This is a metaphor because a cubit is a measure of length, rather than of time. The image is of a person’s life stretched out as if it were a board, a rope, or some other physical object. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	26	hl4d	figs-rquestion	εἰ οὖν οὐδὲ ἐλάχιστον δύνασθε, τί περὶ τῶν λοιπῶν μεριμνᾶτε?	1	If then you are not able to do such a very little thing, why do you worry about the rest?	Jesus uses another question to teach his disciples. Alternate translation: “Since you cannot do even this small thing, you should not worry about the other things.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	27	h293		κατανοήσατε τὰ κρίνα πῶς αὐξάνει	1	Consider the lilies—how they grow	“Think about how the lilies grow”
LUK	12	27	s8d3	translate-unknown	τὰ κρίνα	1	the lilies	Lilies are beautiful flowers that grow wild in the fields. If your language does not have a word for lily, you can use the name of another flower like that or translate it as “flowers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	12	27	u3mf	figs-explicit	οὐδὲ νήθει	1	neither do they spin	The process of making thread or yard for cloth is called “spinning.” It may be helpful to make this explicit. Alternate translation: “neither do they make thread in order to make cloth” or “and they do not make yarn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	27	nug5		Σολομὼν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ δόξῃ αὐτοῦ	1	Solomon in all his glory	“Solomon, who had great wealth” or “Solomon, who wore beautiful clothes”
LUK	12	28	rur9	figs-metaphor	εἰ δὲ ἐν ἀγρῷ τὸν χόρτον ὄντα	1	Now if God so clothes the grass in the field, which exists	“If God clothes the grass in the field like that, and it” or “If God gives the grass in the field such beautiful clothing, and it.” God making the grass beautiful is spoken of as if God were putting beautiful clothes on the grass. Alternate translation: “If God makes the grass in the field beautiful like this, and it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	28	t9am	figs-activepassive	εἰς κλίβανον βαλλόμενον	1	is thrown into the oven	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “someone throws it into a fire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	28	gr4m	figs-exclamations	πόσῳ μᾶλλον ὑμᾶς	1	how much more will he clothe you	This is an exclamation, not a question. Jesus emphasizes that he will certainly take care of people even better than he does the grass. This could be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “he will certainly clothe you even better” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
LUK	12	29	q67w		ὑμεῖς μὴ ζητεῖτε τί φάγητε, καὶ τί πίητε	1	do not seek what you will eat and what you will drink	“Do not focus on what you will eat and drink” or “Do not greatly desire more to eat and drink”
LUK	12	30	g8jy	figs-metonymy	πάντα τὰ ἔθνη τοῦ κόσμου	1	all the nations of the world	Here “nations” refers to “unbelievers.” Alternate translation: “all people of other nations” or “all the unbelievers in the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	12	30	ns35	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὑμῶν…ὁ Πατὴρ	1	your Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	12	31	gvj9		ζητεῖτε τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ	1	seek his kingdom	“focus on God’s kingdom” or “greatly desire God’s kingdom”
LUK	12	31	jni1	figs-activepassive	ταῦτα προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν	1	these things will be added to you	“these things also will be given to you.” “These things” refers to food and clothing. This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will also give you these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	32	eej3	figs-metaphor	τὸ μικρὸν ποίμνιον	1	little flock	Jesus is calling his disciples a flock. A flock is a group of sheep or goats that a shepherd cares for. As a shepherd cares for his sheep, God cares for Jesus’ disciples. Alternate translation: “small group” or “dear group” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	32	e3tv	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὁ Πατὴρ ὑμῶν	1	your Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	12	33	rlg7	figs-ellipsis	δότε ἐλεημοσύνην	1	give to the poor	It may be helpful to state what they receive. Alternate translation: “give to poor people the money you earn from the sales” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	12	33	am8q	figs-metaphor	ποιήσατε ἑαυτοῖς βαλλάντια…θησαυρὸν…ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς	1	Make for yourselves purses…treasure in the heavens	The purses and treasure in the heavens are the same thing. They both represent God’s blessing in heaven. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	33	dc7m		ποιήσατε ἑαυτοῖς	1	Make for yourselves	This is the result of giving to the poor. Alternate translation: “In this way you will make for yourselves”
LUK	12	33	xb63		βαλλάντια μὴ παλαιούμενα	1	purses which will not wear out	“money bags that will not get holes in them”
LUK	12	33	h6qw		ἀνέκλειπτον	1	that does not run out	“does not diminish” or “does not become less”
LUK	12	33	t1fb		κλέπτης οὐκ ἐγγίζει	1	no thief comes near	“thieves do not come near”
LUK	12	33	e2nj		οὐδὲ σὴς διαφθείρει	1	no moth destroys	“moths do not destroy”
LUK	12	33	u258		σὴς	1	moth	A “moth” is a small insect that eats holes in fabric. You may need to use a different insect, such as an ant or termite.
LUK	12	34	ad29		ὅπου…ἐστιν ὁ θησαυρὸς ὑμῶν, ἐκεῖ καὶ ἡ καρδία ὑμῶν ἔσται	1	where your treasure is, there your heart will be also	“your heart will be focused on where you store your treasure”
LUK	12	34	r26g	figs-metonymy	ἡ καρδία ὑμῶν	1	your heart	Here “heart” refers to a person’s thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	12	35	c4j1	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to tell a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	12	35	nk2x	figs-explicit	ἔστωσαν ὑμῶν αἱ ὀσφύες περιεζωσμέναι	1	Let your long clothing be tucked in at your belt	People wore long flowing robes. They would tuck them into their belt to keep the robes out of the way while they worked. Alternate translation: “Tuck your clothing into your belt so you are ready to serve” or “Be dressed and ready to serve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	35	lh96	figs-activepassive	οἱ λύχνοι καιόμενοι	1	let your lamps be kept burning	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “keep your lamps burning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	36	mhg8	figs-simile	ὅμοιοι ἀνθρώποις προσδεχομένοις τὸν κύριον ἑαυτῶν	1	be like people waiting for their master	Jesus commands the disciples to be ready for him to return the same way servants should be ready for their master to return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	12	36	t8kb		ἀναλύσῃ ἐκ τῶν γάμων	1	he returns from the marriage feast	“returns home from a marriage feast”
LUK	12	36	p9cq	figs-explicit	ἀνοίξωσιν αὐτῷ	1	open the door for him	This refers to the door of the master’s house. It was the responsibility of his servants to open it for him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	37	qk47		μακάριοι	1	Blessed are	“How good it is for”
LUK	12	37	xiv7		οὓς ἐλθὼν, ὁ Κύριος εὑρήσει γρηγοροῦντας	1	whom the master will find watching when he comes	“whose master finds them waiting for him when he returns” or “who are ready when the master returns”
LUK	12	37	s3yd		ὅτι περιζώσεται καὶ ἀνακλινεῖ αὐτοὺς	1	he will tuck in his clothing at his belt, and have them recline at table	Because the servants have been faithful and ready to serve their master, the master will now reward them by serving them.
LUK	12	38	x25s		ἐν τῇ δευτέρᾳ…φυλακῇ	1	in the second…watch	The second watch was between 9:00 p.m. and midnight. Alternate translation: “late at night” or “just before midnight”
LUK	12	38	qa35		κἂν ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ φυλακῇ	1	or if even in the third watch	The third watch was from midnight to 3:00 a.m. Alternate translation: “or if he comes very late at night”
LUK	12	39	v73u		ᾔδει…ποίᾳ ὥρᾳ	1	had known at which hour	“had known when”
LUK	12	39	ej9m	figs-activepassive	οὐκ ἂν ἀφῆκεν διορυχθῆναι τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	1	he would not have let his house be broken into	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he would not have let the thief break into his house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	40	ds4s		ὅτι ᾗ ὥρᾳ οὐ δοκεῖτε, ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἔρχεται	1	because the Son of Man is coming at an hour when you do not expect	The only similarity between a thief and the Son of Man is that people do not know when either one will come, so they need to be ready.
LUK	12	40	p1y9		ᾗ ὥρᾳ οὐ δοκεῖτε	1	at an hour when you do not expect	“do not know at what time”
LUK	12	40	dw4h		ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἔρχεται	1	the Son of Man is coming	Jesus is talking about himself. Alternate translation: “when I, the Son of Man, will come”
LUK	12	41	i9d2			0	General Information:	In verse 41, there is a break in the story line as Peter asks Jesus a question about the previous parable.
LUK	12	41	hz2d			0	Connecting Statement:	In verse 42, Jesus begins to tell another parable.
LUK	12	42	g8lu	figs-rquestion	τίς ἄρα ἐστὶν…ἐν καιρῷ τὸ σιτομέτριον?	1	Who then is…their portion of food at the right time?	Jesus uses a question to answer Peter’s question indirectly. He expected those who wanted to be faithful managers to understand that the parable was about them. Alternate translation: “I said it for everyone who is…right time.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	42	dxd2	figs-parables	ὁ πιστὸς οἰκονόμος ὁ φρόνιμος	1	the faithful and wise manager	Jesus tells another parable about how servants should be faithful while they wait for their master to return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	12	42	mnn1		ὃν καταστήσει ὁ Κύριος ἐπὶ τῆς θεραπείας αὐτοῦ	1	whom his lord will set over his other servants	“whom his lord puts in charge of his other servants”
LUK	12	43	g6xl		μακάριος ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος	1	Blessed is that servant	“How good it is for that servant”
LUK	12	43	h35t		ὃν ἐλθὼν, ὁ κύριος αὐτοῦ εὑρήσει ποιοῦντα οὕτως	1	whom his lord finds doing that when he comes	“if his lord finds him doing that work when he comes back”
LUK	12	44	i2cq		ἀληθῶς λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Truly I say to you	This expression means they should pay special attention to what he is about to say.
LUK	12	44	y47s		ἐπὶ πᾶσιν τοῖς ὑπάρχουσιν αὐτοῦ καταστήσει αὐτόν	1	will set him over all his property	“will put him in charge of all his property”
LUK	12	45	dpk8		ὁ δοῦλος ἐκεῖνος	1	that servant	This refers to the servant whose lord has put him in charge of the other servants.
LUK	12	45	aku7	figs-metonymy	εἴπῃ…τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ	1	says in his heart	Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s mind or inner being. Alternate translation: “thinks to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	12	45	cu5k		χρονίζει ὁ κύριός μου ἔρχεσθαι	1	My master is taking a long time to return	“My master will not return soon”
LUK	12	45	juc5		τοὺς παῖδας καὶ τὰς παιδίσκας	1	the male and female servants	The words that are translated here as “male and female servants” are normally translated as “boys” and “girls.” They may indicate that the servants were young or that they were dear to their master.
LUK	12	46	j1m1	figs-merism	ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ οὐ προσδοκᾷ, καὶ ἐν ὥρᾳ ᾗ οὐ γινώσκει	1	in a day when he does not expect, and in an hour that he does not know	The words “day” and “hour” form a merism of time that refers to any time, and the words “expect” and “know” have similar meanings, so the two phrases here are parallel to emphasize that the coming of the lord will be a total surprise to the servant. However, the phrases should not be combined unless your language has no different words for “know” and “expect” or “day” and “hour.” Alternate translation: “at a time when the servant is not expecting him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	12	46	vg1d	figs-hyperbole	διχοτομήσει αὐτὸν, καὶ τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ἀπίστων θήσει	1	will cut him in pieces and appoint a place for him with the unfaithful	Possible meanings are 1) this is an exaggeration for the master dealing out harsh punishment toward the slave, or 2) this describes the manner in which the servant will be executed and buried as punishment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	12	47	p1l2			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes telling the parable.
LUK	12	47	im3v	figs-activepassive	ἐκεῖνος δὲ ὁ δοῦλος, ὁ γνοὺς τὸ θέλημα τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ, καὶ μὴ ἑτοιμάσας ἢ ποιήσας πρὸς τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ, δαρήσεται πολλάς	1	But that servant, the one having known the will of his master, and not having prepared or done according to his will, will be beaten with many blows	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “But as for the servant who knows his lord’s will does not prepare or do according to it, the master will beat him with many blows” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	47	aj41		τὸ θέλημα τοῦ κυρίου αὐτοῦ…πρὸς τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ	1	the will of his master…according to his will	“what his master wanted him to do…it”
LUK	12	48	nn9c		ὁ δὲ…ὀλίγας	1	But the one…few blows	Both the servant who knows the master’s will and the servant who does not know it are punished, but the words that begin with “That servant” (verse 47) show the servant who intentionally disobeyed his master was punished more severely than the other servant.
LUK	12	48	ehu9	figs-activepassive	παντὶ δὲ ᾧ ἐδόθη πολύ, πολὺ ζητηθήσεται παρ’ αὐτοῦ	1	But everyone to whom much has been given, from them much will be required	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “They will require more of anyone who has received much” or “The master will require more of everyone he has given much to” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	48	qg96	figs-activepassive	ᾧ…πολύ, περισσότερον αἰτήσουσιν αὐτόν	1	to whom…much, even more will be asked	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the master will ask even more of the one…much” or “the master will require even more of the one…much” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	48	ir7m	figs-activepassive	ᾧ παρέθεντο πολύ	1	to whom much has been entrusted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the one to whom the master has given much property to take care of” or “the one to whom the master has given much responsibility” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	49	z7wu			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to teach his disciples.
LUK	12	49	qy62	figs-metaphor	πῦρ ἦλθον βαλεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν	1	I came to cast fire upon the earth	“I came to throw fire on the earth” or “I came to set the earth on fire.” Possible meanings are 1) Jesus has come to judge people or 2) Jesus has come to purify believers or 3) Jesus has come to cause division among people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	12	49	ygv3	figs-exclamations	τί θέλω εἰ ἤδη ἀνήφθη	1	how I wish that it were already kindled	This exclamation emphasizes how much he wants this to happen. Alternate translation: “I wish very much that it was already lit” or “how I wish that it had already begun” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
LUK	12	50	hn1j	figs-metaphor	βάπτισμα…ἔχω βαπτισθῆναι	1	I have a baptism to be baptized with	Here “baptism” refers to what Jesus must suffer. Just as water covers a person during baptism, suffering will overwhelm Jesus. Alternate translation: “I must go through a baptism of terrible suffering” or “I must be overwhelmed by suffering as a person being baptized is covered by water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	12	50	k4e8		δὲ	1	But	The word “but” is used to show that he cannot cast the fire on the earth until after he goes through his baptism.
LUK	12	50	r2yj	figs-exclamations	πῶς συνέχομαι ἕως ὅτου τελεσθῇ!	1	how I am distressed until it is completed!	This exclamation emphasizes how distressed he was. Alternate translation: “I am terribly distressed and will be so until I complete this baptism of suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
LUK	12	51	s32r	figs-rquestion	δοκεῖτε ὅτι εἰρήνην παρεγενόμην δοῦναι ἐν τῇ γῇ? οὐχί, λέγω ὑμῖν, ἀλλ’ ἢ διαμερισμόν	1	Do you think that I came to bring peace on the earth? No, I tell you, but rather division	Jesus asks a question to let them know that he is going to correct their wrong understanding. You may need to supply the words “I came” that are omitted in the second sentence. Alternate translation: “You think that I came to bring peace on the earth, but I tell you I did not. Instead, I came to bring division” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	51	np4v		διαμερισμόν	1	division	“hostility” or “discord”
LUK	12	52	vrt5	figs-ellipsis	ἔσονται…πέντε ἐν ἑνὶ οἴκῳ	1	there will be five in one house	It may be helpful to state that this refers to people. Alternate translation: “there will be five people in one house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	12	52	fln4		ἐπὶ…ἐπὶ	1	against…against	“will oppose…will oppose”
LUK	12	53	qr7s		ἐπὶ	1	against	“will oppose”
LUK	12	54	vdh1			0	General Information:	Jesus begins to speak to the crowd.
LUK	12	54	i84z	figs-explicit	ὅταν ἴδητε νεφέλην ἀνατέλλουσαν…γίνεται οὕτως	1	When you see a cloud rising…so it happens	This condition normally meant rain was coming in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	54	d3gk		ὄμβρος ἔρχεται	1	A shower is coming	“Rain is coming” or “It is going to rain”
LUK	12	55	gq22	figs-explicit	ὅταν νότον πνέοντα	1	when a south wind is blowing	This condition normally meant hot weather was coming in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	12	56	jdj7		τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῆς γῆς	1	of the sky and of the earth	“the earth and the sky”
LUK	12	56	y3yj	figs-rquestion	τὸν καιρὸν δὲ τοῦτον, πῶς οὐκ οἴδατε δοκιμάζειν?	1	but how do you not know how to interpret the present time?	Jesus uses a question to rebuke the crowd. Jesus uses this question to convict them. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “you should know how to interpret the present time.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	57	w8rz	figs-rquestion	τί δὲ καὶ ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν, οὐ κρίνετε τὸ δίκαιον?	1	And why do you not even judge what is right for yourselves?	Jesus uses a question to rebuke the crowd. It can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You yourselves should discern what is right.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	12	57	wa4b		ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν	1	for yourselves	“on your own initiative”
LUK	12	58	y75j	figs-hypo	ὡς γὰρ ὑπάγεις…εἰς φυλακήν	1	For when you are going…into prison	Jesus uses a hypothetical situation to teach the crowd. His point is that they should resolve the things they are able to resolve without involving the public courts. This can be restated to make it clear it might not happen. Alternate translation: “For if you were to go…into prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	12	58	f1ea	figs-you	ὡς…ὑπάγεις	1	when you are going	Though Jesus is talking to a crowd, the situation he is presenting is something that a person would go through alone. So in some languages the word “you” would be singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	12	58	t4v8		ἀπηλλάχθαι ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	to settle the matter with him	“settle the matter with your adversary”
LUK	12	58	e7hz		τὸν κριτήν	1	the judge	This refers to the magistrate, but the term here is more specific and threatening.
LUK	12	58	b7sh		σε παραδώσει	1	deliver you	“does not take you”
LUK	12	59	wi7m	figs-hypo	λέγω σοι…καὶ τὸ ἔσχατον λεπτὸν ἀποδῷς	1	I say to you…you have paid the very last bit of money	This is the end of the hypothetical situation, which begins in verse 58, that Jesus uses to teach the crowd. His point is that they should resolve the things they are able to resolve without involving the public courts. This can be restated to make it clear it might not happen. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	12	59	i124		καὶ τὸ ἔσχατον λεπτὸν	1	the very last bit of money	“the entire amount of money that your adversary demands”
LUK	13	intro	xaa2			0		# Luke 13 General Notes<br>## Possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Unknown events<br><br>The people and Jesus speak about two events that they knew about but about which no one today knows anything except what Luke has written ([Luke 13:1-5](./01.md)). Your translation should tell only what Luke tells.<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: “those who are least important will be first, and those who are most important will be last” ([Luke 13:30](../../luk/13/30.md)).<br>
LUK	13	1	t1fi			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus is still speaking in front of the crowd. Some people in the crowd ask him a question and he begins to respond. This continues the story that begins in [Luke 12:1](../12/01.md).
LUK	13	1	b9rx		ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ καιρῷ	1	at that time	This phrase connects this event to the end of chapter 12, when Jesus was teaching a crowd of people.
LUK	13	1	wg2k	figs-explicit	ὧν τὸ αἷμα Πειλᾶτος ἔμιξεν μετὰ τῶν θυσιῶν αὐτῶν	1	whose blood Pilate mixed with their own sacrifices	Here “blood” refers to the death of the Galileans. They were probably killed while they were offering their sacrifices. This could be stated explicitly as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	1	fj2c	figs-metonymy	ὧν τὸ αἷμα Πειλᾶτος ἔμιξεν μετὰ τῶν θυσιῶν αὐτῶν	1	whose blood Pilate mixed with their own sacrifices	Pilate probably ordered his soldiers to kill people rather than doing it himself. Alternate translation: “whom Pilate’s soldiers killed as they were sacrificing animals” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	13	2	zfa8		δοκεῖτε ὅτι οἱ Γαλιλαῖοι οὗτοι, ἁμαρτωλοὶ…ταῦτα πεπόνθασιν?	1	Do you think that these Galileans were more sinful…they suffered in this way?	“Were these Galileans more sinful…way?” or “Does this prove that these Galileans were more sinful…way?” Jesus uses this question to challenge the understanding of the people.
LUK	13	3	c1h5	figs-rquestion	οὐχί, λέγω ὑμῖν; ἀλλ’ ἐὰν μὴ μετανοῆτε, πάντες ὁμοίως ἀπολεῖσθε	1	No, I tell you. But if you do not repent, you will all perish in the same way	Jesus uses this question, which begins with the words “Do you think that these Galileans were more sinful…in this way?” (verse 2), to challenge the understanding of the people. “You think that these Galileans were more sinful…in this way, but they were not. But if you do not repent…same way” or “Do not think that these Galileans were more sinful…in this way. If you do not repent…same way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	13	3	xl6m		οὐχί, λέγω ὑμῖν	1	No, I tell you	Here “I tell you” emphasizes “no.” Alternate translation: “They certainly were not more sinful” or “You are wrong to think that their suffering proves that they were more sinful”
LUK	13	3	a3ez		πάντες ὁμοίως ἀπολεῖσθε	1	you will all perish in the same way	“all of you also will die.” The phrase “in the same way” means they will experience the same result, not that they will die by the same method.
LUK	13	3	v2ng		ἀπολεῖσθε	1	you will perish	die
LUK	13	4	hj5w		ἢ ἐκεῖνοι	1	Or those	This is Jesus’ second example of people who suffered. Alternate translation: “Or consider those” or “Think about those”
LUK	13	4	e2s8	translate-numbers	οἱ δεκαοκτὼ	1	eighteen people	“18 people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	13	4	p6r8	translate-names	τῷ Σιλωὰμ	1	Siloam	This is the name of an area in Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	13	4	vg9j		δοκεῖτε ὅτι αὐτοὶ ὀφειλέται ἐγένοντο παρὰ…Ἰερουσαλήμ?	1	do you think they were worse sinners…Jerusalem?	“does this prove that they were more sinful…Jerusalem?” Jesus uses this question to challenge the understanding of the people.
LUK	13	4	at9i	figs-explicit	αὐτοὶ ὀφειλέται ἐγένοντο παρὰ	1	they were worse sinners	The crowd assumed that they died in this terrible way because they were especially sinful. This could be explicitly stated. Alternate translation: “they died because they were worse sinners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	5	m77t	figs-rquestion	οὐχί, λέγω	1	No, I say	Jesus uses this question, which begins with the words “do you think they were worse sinners…Jerusalem?”, to challenge the understanding of the people. “you think that they were more sinful…Jerusalem, but I say that they were not” or “I say that you should not think that they were more sinful…Jerusalem” or “They certainly did not die because they were more sinful” or “You are wrong to think that their suffering proves that they were more sinful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] or [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	5	ckc2		ἀπολεῖσθε	1	will perish	die
LUK	13	6	sm1p	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to tell the crowd a parable to explain his last statement, “But if you do not repent, all of you will also perish.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	13	6	x42j		συκῆν εἶχέν τις πεφυτευμένην ἐν τῷ ἀμπελῶνι αὐτοῦ	1	A certain man had a fig tree planted in his vineyard	The owner of a vineyard had another person plant a fig tree in the vineyard.
LUK	13	7	hg35	figs-rquestion	ἵνα τί καὶ τὴν γῆν καταργεῖ?	1	Why let it even waste the ground?	The man uses a question to emphasize that the tree is useless and the gardener should cut it down. Alternate translation: “Do not let it waste the ground.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	13	8	pm3j			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes telling his parable. This is the end of the story that began in [Luke 12:1](../12/01.md).
LUK	13	8	l2ks		ἄφες αὐτὴν	1	leave it alone	“Do not do anything to the tree” or “Do not cut it down”
LUK	13	8	st4w	figs-explicit	βάλω κόπρια	1	put manure on it	“put manure in the soil.” Manure is animal dung. People put it in the ground to make the soil good for plants and trees. Alternate translation: “put fertilizer on it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	9	w5qh	figs-ellipsis	κἂν μὲν ποιήσῃ καρπὸν εἰς τὸ μέλλον	1	If indeed it bears fruit in that time, good	It may be helpful to state what will happen. Alternate translation: “If it has figs on it next year, we can allow it to keep growing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	13	9	j4ul		ἐκκόψεις αὐτήν	1	you will cut it down	The servant was making a suggestion; he was not giving a command to the owner. Alternate translation: “Tell me to cut it down” or “I will cut it down”
LUK	13	10	q2yb	writing-background		0	General Information:	These verses give background information about the setting of this part of the story and about a crippled woman who is introduced into the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	13	10	p3el	writing-newevent	δὲ	1	Now	The author uses this word to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	13	10	c3j8		ἐν τοῖς Σάββασιν	1	during the Sabbath	“on a Sabbath day.” Some languages would say “a Sabbath” because we do not know which particular Sabbath day it was.
LUK	13	11	wn7u	writing-participants	ἰδοὺ, γυνὴ	1	there was a woman	The word “behold” here alerts us to a new person in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	13	11	vdc2	translate-numbers	ἔτη δεκαοκτώ	1	eighteen years	“18 years” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	13	11	hqj5		πνεῦμα…ἀσθενείας	1	a spirit of weakness	“an evil spirit that made her weak”
LUK	13	12	l29y	figs-activepassive	γύναι, ἀπολέλυσαι τῆς ἀσθενείας σου	1	Woman, you are freed from your weakness	“Woman, you are healed from your disease.” This can be expressed with an active verb: Alternate translation: “Woman, I have set you free from your weakness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	12	h6ne	figs-declarative	γύναι, ἀπολέλυσαι τῆς ἀσθενείας σου	1	Woman, you are freed from your weakness	By saying this, Jesus healed her. This can be expressed with a sentence that shows that he was causing it to happen, or by a command. Alternate translation: “Woman, I now free you from your weakness” or “Woman, be freed from your weakness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative]])
LUK	13	13	wue2		ἐπέθηκεν αὐτῇ τὰς χεῖρας	1	he placed his hands on her	“He touched her”
LUK	13	13	k3k1	figs-activepassive	ἀνωρθώθη	1	she was straightened up	This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “she stood up straight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	14	i6em		ἀγανακτῶν	1	being indignant	“was very angry”
LUK	13	14	d8ir		ἀποκριθεὶς…ἔλεγεν	1	answered and said	“said” or “responded”
LUK	13	14	ai1f	figs-activepassive	ἐν αὐταῖς…θεραπεύεσθε	1	be healed then	This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “let someone heal you during those six days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	14	qap4		τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ Σαββάτου	1	on the Sabbath day	“on a Sabbath day.” Some languages would say “a Sabbath” because we do not know which particular Sabbath day it was.
LUK	13	15	k7p8		ἀπεκρίθη δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος	1	But the Lord answered him	“The Lord responded to the synagogue ruler”
LUK	13	15	u6zr	figs-explicit	ὑποκριταί	1	Hypocrites	Jesus speaks directly to the synagogue ruler, but the plural form includes the other religious rulers also. This can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: “You and your fellow religious leaders are hypocrites” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	15	xt5y	figs-rquestion	ἕκαστος ὑμῶν τῷ Σαββάτῳ οὐ λύει τὸν βοῦν αὐτοῦ, ἢ τὸν ὄνον ἀπὸ τῆς φάτνης, καὶ ἀπαγαγὼν ποτίζει	1	Does not each of you untie his ox or his donkey from the stall and lead it to drink on the Sabbath?	Jesus uses a question to get them to think about something they already knew. Alternate translation: “Every one of you unties his ox or his donkey from the stall and leads it to drink on the Sabbath.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	13	15	ha7b		τὸν βοῦν αὐτοῦ…τὸν ὄνον	1	his ox…his donkey	These are animals that people care for by giving them water.
LUK	13	15	kbj4		τῷ Σαββάτῳ	1	on the Sabbath	“on a Sabbath.” Some languages would say “a Sabbath” because we do not know which particular Sabbath day it was.
LUK	13	16	br72	figs-idiom	θυγατέρα Ἀβραὰμ	1	daughter of Abraham	This is an idiom that means, “descendant of Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	13	16	euq2	figs-metaphor	ἣν ἔδησεν ὁ Σατανᾶς	1	whom Satan bound	Jesus compares people tying animals to the way Satan restricted the woman with this disease. Alternate translation: “whom Satan kept crippled by her illness” or “whom Satan bound with this disease” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	16	mh31	translate-numbers	δέκα καὶ ὀκτὼ ἔτη	1	eighteen long years	“18 long years.” The word “long” here emphasizes that eighteen years was a very long time for the woman to suffer. Other languages may have other ways of emphasizing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	13	16	g5b7	figs-rquestion	οὐκ ἔδει λυθῆναι ἀπὸ τοῦ δεσμοῦ τούτου τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ Σαββάτου?	1	should she not be released from this bond on the Sabbath day?	Jesus uses a question to tell the synagogue rulers that they are wrong. Jesus speaks about the women’s disease as if it were ropes that bound her. This can be translated as an active statement. Alternate translation: “it is right to release her from the bonds of this illness…day.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	17	s3jj		καὶ ταῦτα λέγοντος	1	As he said these things	“When Jesus said these things”
LUK	13	17	r1jn		τοῖς ἐνδόξοις τοῖς γινομένοις ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	the glorious things that were being done by him	“the glorious things Jesus was doing”
LUK	13	18	i3pu	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to tell a parable to the people in the synagogue. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	13	18	ua3y	figs-rquestion	τίνι ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ τίνι ὁμοιώσω αὐτήν?	1	What is the kingdom of God like…what can I compare it to?	Jesus uses two questions to introduce what he is about to teach. Alternate translation: “I will tell you what the kingdom of God is like…what I can compare it to.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	13	18	wdq9	figs-parallelism	τίνι ὁμοιώσω αὐτήν?	1	what can I compare it to?	This is basically the same as the previous question. Some languages can use both questions, and some would use only one. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	13	19	g4hr	figs-simile	ὁμοία ἐστὶν κόκκῳ σινάπεως	1	It is like a mustard seed	Jesus compares the kingdom to a mustard seed. Alternate translation: “The kingdom of God is like a mustard seed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	13	19	x3p8	translate-unknown	κόκκῳ σινάπεως	1	a mustard seed	A mustard seed is a very small seed that grows into a large plant. If this seed is not known, the phrase can be translated with the name of another seed like it or simply as “a small seed.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	13	19	wv4q	figs-explicit	ἔβαλεν εἰς κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ	1	threw into his garden	“planted in his garden.” People planted some kinds of seeds by throwing them so that they scattered in the garden. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	19	q2e6	figs-hyperbole	δένδρον	1	a tree	The word “big” is an exaggeration that contrasts the tree with the tiny seed. Alternate translation: “a very large shrub” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	13	19	avk2		τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ	1	the birds of heaven	“birds of the sky.” Alternate translation: “birds that fly in the sky” or “birds”
LUK	13	20	d687			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes speaking to the people in the synagogue. This is the end of this part of the story.
LUK	13	20	hn4n	figs-rquestion	τίνι ὁμοιώσω τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ?	1	To what can I compare the kingdom of God?	Jesus uses another question to introduce what he is about to teach. Alternate translation: “I will tell you another thing to which I can compare to the kingdom of God.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	13	21	ub44	figs-simile	ὁμοία ἐστὶν ζύμῃ	1	It is like yeast	Jesus compares the kingdom of God to yeast in bread dough. Alternate translation: “The kingdom of God is like yeast” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	13	21	wms4	figs-explicit	ὁμοία…ζύμῃ	1	like yeast	Only a little bit of yeast is needed to make a lot of dough rise. This can be made clear, as it is in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	21	wz5u		ἀλεύρου σάτα τρία	1	three measures of flour	This is a large amount of flour, since each measure was about 13 liters. You may need to use a term that your culture uses to measure flour. Alternate translation: “a large amount of flour”
LUK	13	22	bh87	figs-metaphor		0	General Information:	Jesus responds to a question by using a metaphor about entering God’s kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	23	yf6h	figs-activepassive	εἰ ὀλίγοι οἱ σῳζόμενοι?	1	are only a few people to be saved?	This could be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will God save only a few people?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	24	i39q	figs-metaphor	ἀγωνίζεσθε εἰσελθεῖν διὰ τῆς στενῆς θύρας	1	Struggle to enter through the narrow door	“Work hard to go through the narrow doorway.” Jesus is speaking about the entrance to God’s kingdom as if it were a small doorway to a house. Since Jesus is talking to a group, the “you” implied in this command is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	13	24	lb9n	figs-explicit	τῆς στενῆς θύρας	1	the narrow door	The fact that the door is narrow implies that it is difficult to go through it. Translate it in a way to keep this restrictive meaning. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	24	x137	figs-explicit	πολλοί…ζητήσουσιν εἰσελθεῖν καὶ οὐκ ἰσχύσουσιν	1	many will seek to enter, but will not be able	It is implied that they will not be able to enter because of the difficulty of entering. The next verse explains the difficulty. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	13	25	m6ux			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to talk about entering into God’s kingdom.
LUK	13	25	j5x2			1	Once the owner	“After the owner”
LUK	13	25	b35z	figs-metaphor	ὁ οἰκοδεσπότης	1	the owner of the house	This refers to the owner of the house with the narrow door in the previous verses. This is a metaphor for God as the ruler of the kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	25	gk3c	figs-you	ἄρξησθε ἔξω ἑστάναι	1	you will begin to stand outside	Jesus was talking to a crowd. The form of “you” is plural. He is addressing them as if they will not enter through the narrow door into the kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	13	25	jqh7		κρούειν τὴν θύραν	1	pound the door	“hit on the door.” This is an attempt to gain the owner’s attention.
LUK	13	27	n39n		ἀπόστητε ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ	1	Get away from me	“Go away from me”
LUK	13	28	mns1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to talk about entering into God’s kingdom. This is the end of this conversation.
LUK	13	28	uhh8	translate-symaction	ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων	1	crying and the grinding of teeth	These actions are symbolic acts, indicating great regret and sadness. Alternate translation: “crying and grinding of teeth because of their great regret” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	13	28	crf9		ὅταν ὄψησθε	1	when you see	Jesus continues to speak to the crowd as if they will not enter into the kingdom of heaven.
LUK	13	28	ep1b	figs-activepassive	ὑμᾶς δὲ ἐκβαλλομένους ἔξω	1	but you are thrown out	“but you yourselves will have been thrown outside.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “but God will have forced you outside” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	29	wcg6	figs-merism	ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν…δυσμῶν…βορρᾶ καὶ νότου	1	from east and west, and from north and south	This means “from every direction.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
LUK	13	29	sbv1	figs-metaphor	ἀπὸ ἀνατολῶν καὶ δυσμῶν καὶ ἀπὸ βορρᾶ καὶ νότου	1	be seated at a table in the kingdom of God	It was common to speak of the joy in God’s kingdom as a feast. Alternate translation: “they will feast in the kingdom of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	30	lk75	figs-metaphor	ἔσονται πρῶτοι…ἔσονται ἔσχατοι	1	will be first…will be last	Being first represents being important or honored. Alternate translation: “will be the most important…will be the least important” or “God will honor…God will shame” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	31	v3di			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in this part of the story. Jesus is still on his way towards Jerusalem when some Pharisees speak to him about Herod.
LUK	13	31	pe5i		ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ	1	At that same hour	“Soon after Jesus finished speaking”
LUK	13	31	r41z		ἔξελθε καὶ πορεύου ἐντεῦθεν, ὅτι Ἡρῴδης θέλει σε ἀποκτεῖναι	1	Leave and go away from here, because Herod wants to kill you	Translate this as a warning to Jesus. They were advising him to go somewhere else and be safe.
LUK	13	31	l7fe		Ἡρῴδης θέλει σε ἀποκτεῖναι	1	Herod wants to kill you	Herod would order people to kill Jesus. Alternate translation: “Herod wants to send his men to kill you”
LUK	13	32	af7k	figs-metaphor	τῇ ἀλώπεκι ταύτῃ	1	that fox	Jesus was calling Herod a fox. A fox is a small wild dog. Possible meanings are 1) Herod was not much of a threat at all 2) Herod was deceptive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	33	p9za		πλὴν	1	Nevertheless	“Nevertheless” or “However” or “Whatever happens”
LUK	13	33	nbk7	figs-irony	οὐκ ἐνδέχεται προφήτην ἀπολέσθαι ἔξω Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	it is not acceptable to kill a prophet away from Jerusalem	The Jewish leaders claimed to serve God. And yet their ancestors killed many of God’s prophets in Jerusalem, and Jesus knew that they would kill him there too. Alternate translation: “it is in Jerusalem that the Jewish leaders kill God’s messengers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
LUK	13	34	v65r			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes responding to the Pharisees. This is the end of this part of the story.
LUK	13	34	cac7	figs-apostrophe	Ἰερουσαλὴμ, Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	Jerusalem, Jerusalem	Jesus speaks as if the people of Jerusalem are there listening to him. Jesus says this twice to show how sad he is for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
LUK	13	34	gb6w	figs-metonymy	ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν	1	who kills the prophets and stones those sent to you	If it would be strange to address the city, you can make it clear that Jesus was really addressing the people in the city: “you people who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	13	34	zhg8	figs-activepassive	τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν	1	those who are sent to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those God has sent to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	13	34	rj48		ποσάκις ἠθέλησα	1	How often I desired	“I so often desired.” This is an exclamation and not a question.
LUK	13	34	q1i3	figs-metonymy	ἐπισυνάξαι τὰ τέκνα σου	1	to gather your children	The people of Jerusalem are described as her “children.” Alternate translation: “to gather your people” or “to gather the people of Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	13	34	kb9t	figs-metaphor	ὃν τρόπον ὄρνις τὴν ἑαυτῆς νοσσιὰν ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας	1	the way a hen gathers her brood under her wings	This describes how a hen protects her young from harm by covering them with her wings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	35	w1v2	figs-metaphor	ἀφίεται ὑμῖν ὁ οἶκος ὑμῶν	1	your house is abandoned	This is a prophecy about something that would happen soon. It means that God has stopped protecting the people of Jerusalem, so enemies can attack them and drive them away. Possible meanings are 1) God will abandon them. Alternate translation: “God will abandon you” or 2) their city will be empty. Alternate translation: “your house will be abandoned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	13	35	x4y6		οὐ μὴ με ἴδητέ ἕως ἥξει ὅτε εἴπητε	1	you will not see me until you say	“you will not see me until the time comes when you will say” or “the next time you see me, you will say”
LUK	13	35	v6lj	figs-metonymy	ὀνόματι Κυρίου	1	the name of the Lord	Here “name” refers to the Lord’s power and authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	14	intro	xk3w			0		# Luke 14 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Verse 3 says, “Jesus asked the experts in the Jewish law and the Pharisees, ‘Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath, or not?’” Many times, the Pharisees got angry with Jesus for healing on the Sabbath. In this passage, Jesus dumbfounds the Pharisees. It was normally the Pharisees who tried to trap Jesus.<br><br>### Changes of subject<br><br>Many times in this chapter Luke changes from one subject to another without marking the changes.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Parable<br><br>Jesus told the parable in [Luke 14:15-24](./15.md) to teach that the kingdom of God will be something that everyone can enjoy. But people will refuse to be part of it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: “for everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted” ([Luke 14:11](../../luk/14/11.md)).<br>
LUK	14	1	a3ya	writing-background		0	General Information:	It is the Sabbath, and Jesus is at Pharisee’s house. Verse 1 gives background information for the event that follows. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	14	1	dj2d	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο…Σαββάτῳ	1	Now it happened…on a Sabbath	This indicates a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	14	1	lh8g	figs-synecdoche	φαγεῖν ἄρτον	1	to eat bread	“to eat” or “for a meal.” Bread was an important part of a meal and is used in this sentence to refer to a meal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	14	1	jst8		αὐτοὶ ἦσαν παρατηρούμενοι αὐτόν	1	they were watching him closely	They wanted to see if they could accuse him of doing anything wrong.
LUK	14	2	f5gh	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ, ἄνθρωπός…ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ	1	Now there in front of him was a man	The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. English uses “There in front of him was a man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	14	2	l4a1		ἦν ὑδρωπικὸς	1	was suffering from edema	Edema is swelling caused by water building up in parts of the body. Some languages may have a name for this condition. Alternate translation: “was suffering because parts of his body were swollen with water”
LUK	14	3	qak4		ἔξεστιν τῷ Σαββάτῳ θεραπεῦσαι ἢ οὔ?	1	Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath, or not	“Does the law permit us to heal on the Sabbath, or does it forbid it”
LUK	14	4	pj9t		οἱ δὲ ἡσύχασαν	1	But they kept silent	The religious leaders refused to answer Jesus’ question.
LUK	14	4	x4lq		καὶ ἐπιλαβόμενος	1	So Jesus took hold of him	“So Jesus took hold of the man who suffered from edema”
LUK	14	5	rr5z	figs-rquestion	τίνος ὑμῶν υἱὸς ἢ βοῦς εἰς φρέαρ πεσεῖται…ἀνασπάσει αὐτὸν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ τοῦ Σαββάτου?	1	Which of you, if a son or an ox…pull him out on the Sabbath day?	Jesus uses a question because he wanted them to admit that they would help their son or ox, even on the Sabbath. Therefore, it was right for him to heal people even on the Sabbath. Alternate translation: “If one of you has a son or an ox…you would surely pull him out immediately.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	14	6	cti5		καὶ οὐκ ἴσχυσαν ἀνταποκριθῆναι	1	They were not able to give an answer	They knew the answer and that Jesus was right, but they did not want to admit that he was correct. Alternate translation: “They had nothing to say”
LUK	14	7	u86b			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to speak to the guests at the house of the Pharisee who had invited him to a meal.
LUK	14	7	em4u	figs-activepassive	τοὺς κεκλημένους	1	those who were invited	It may be helpful to identify these people, and to state this in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom the leader of the Pharisees had invited to the meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	7	yd4g		τὰς πρωτοκλισίας	1	the seats of honor	“the seats for honored people” or “the seats for important people”
LUK	14	8	pd7w	figs-activepassive	ὅταν κληθῇς ὑπό τινος	1	When you are invited by someone	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “When someone invites you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	8	m5b9	figs-you	ὅταν κληθῇς…σου	1	When you…than you	These occurrences of “you” are singular. Jesus is speaking to the group as if to each individual person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	14	8	t1r5	figs-activepassive	μήποτε ἐντιμότερός σου ᾖ κεκλημένος ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ	1	or perhap someone more honorable than you may have been invited by him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because the host may have invited a person who is more important than you are” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	9	y1x6	figs-you	ἐρεῖ σοι…ἄρξῃ	1	he will say to you…you will proceed	These occurrences of “you” and “your” are singular. Jesus is speaking to the group as if to each individual person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	14	9	ecp7		μετὰ αἰσχύνης	1	in shame	“you will feel ashamed and”
LUK	14	9	gqa6		τὸν ἔσχατον τόπον	1	the last place	“the least important place” or “the place for the least important person”
LUK	14	10	vf96			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking to the people at the Pharisee’s house.
LUK	14	10	x5qh	figs-activepassive	ὅταν κληθῇς	1	when you are invited	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when someone invites you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	10	by81		τὸν ἔσχατον τόπον	1	the last place	“the seat meant for the least important person”
LUK	14	10	ck9k		προσανάβηθι ἀνώτερον	1	come up higher	“move to a seat for a more important person”
LUK	14	10	h5ee	figs-activepassive	τότε ἔσται σοι δόξα	1	Then you will be honored	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then the one who invited you will honor you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	11	i5e7		ὁ ὑψῶν ἑαυτὸν	1	who exalts himself	“who tries to look important” or “who takes an important position”
LUK	14	11	zrs1	figs-activepassive	ταπεινωθήσεται	1	will be humbled	“will be shown to be unimportant” or “will be given an unimportant position.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will humble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	11	dk2c		ὁ ταπεινῶν ἑαυτὸν	1	humbles himself	“who chooses to look unimportant” or “who takes an unimportant position”
LUK	14	11	eki7	figs-activepassive	ὑψωθήσεται	1	will be exalted	“will be shown to be important” or “will be given an important position.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will exalt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	12	ka2w			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking at the Pharisee’s house, but addresses his host directly.
LUK	14	12	p9hc		τῷ κεκληκότι αὐτόν	1	the one who had invited him	“the Pharisee who had invited him to his house for a meal”
LUK	14	12	v4uk	figs-you	ὅταν ποιῇς	1	When you give	“you” is singular because Jesus is speaking directly to the Pharisee that invited him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	14	12	gmh6		μὴ φώνει	1	do not invite	This probably does not mean they can never invite these people. More likely it means they should invite others as well. Alternate translation: “do not only invite” or “do not always invite”
LUK	14	12	n1ec		μήποτε καὶ αὐτοὶ ἀντικαλέσωσίν σε	1	otherwise they may also invite you in return	“because they might”
LUK	14	12	iy46		ἀντικαλέσωσίν σε	1	may invite you in return	“invite you to their dinner or banquet”
LUK	14	12	vn1y	figs-activepassive	γένηται ἀνταπόδομά σοι	1	repayment will be made to you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “in this way they will repay you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	13	nc41			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking to the Pharisee who had invited him to his home.
LUK	14	13	uc5f		κάλει πτωχούς	1	invite the poor	It may be helpful to add “also” since this statement is probably not exclusive. Alternate translation: “also invite the poor”
LUK	14	14	vpt9	figs-activepassive	μακάριος ἔσῃ	1	you will be blessed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will bless you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	14	r6cp		οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἀνταποδοῦναί σοι	1	they cannot repay you	“they cannot invite you to a banquet in return”
LUK	14	14	z4tv	figs-activepassive	ἀνταποδοθήσεται…σοι	1	you will be repaid	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will repay you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	14	rd75	figs-explicit	ἐν τῇ ἀναστάσει τῶν δικαίων	1	in the resurrection of the just	This refers to the final judgment. Alternate translation: “when God brings the righteous people back to life” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	15	cm12	figs-parables		0	General Information:	One of the men at the table speaks to Jesus and Jesus responds to him by telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	14	15	h4wu	writing-participants	τις τῶν συνανακειμένων	1	one of those who reclined at table	This introduces a new person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	14	15	gu4r		μακάριος	1	Blessed is he	The man was not talking about a specific person. Alternate translation: “Blessed is anyone” or “How good it is for everyone”
LUK	14	15	a8pf	figs-synecdoche	ὅστις φάγεται ἄρτον	1	he who will eat bread	The word “bread” is used to refer to the whole meal. Alternate translation: “he who will eat at the meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	14	16	m4y2	figs-parables	ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ	1	But Jesus said to him	Jesus begins telling a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	14	16	yrp5	figs-explicit	ἄνθρωπός τις ἐποίει δεῖπνον μέγα, καὶ ἐκάλεσεν πολλούς	1	A certain man prepared a large dinner and invited many	The reader should be able to infer that the man probably had his servants prepare the meal and invite the guests. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	16	m7bc		ἄνθρωπός τις	1	A certain man	This phrase is a way of referring to the man without giving any specific information about his identity.
LUK	14	16	rze1		ἐκάλεσεν πολλούς	1	invited many	“invited many people” or “invited many guests”
LUK	14	17	us3d		τῇ ὥρᾳ τοῦ δείπνου	1	At the hour of the dinner	“At the time for the dinner” or “When the dinner was about to begin”
LUK	14	17	xkp8	figs-activepassive	τοῖς κεκλημένοις	1	those who were invited	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “those he had invited” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	18	eh3h			0	General Information:	All of the people who were invited gave the servant excuses about why they could not come to the banquet.
LUK	14	18	kd3n			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues telling his parable.
LUK	14	18	s9as		παραιτεῖσθαι	1	to make excuses	“to say why they could not come to the dinner”
LUK	14	18	l3r6	figs-explicit	ὁ πρῶτος εἶπεν αὐτῷ	1	The first said to him	The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the servant whom the master had sent out ([Luke 14:17](../14/17.md)). Alternate translation: “The first sent him a message, saying” or “The first told the servant to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	18	lc8u		ἐρωτῶ σε ἔχε με παρῃτημένον	1	Please excuse me	“Please forgive me” or “Please accept my apology”
LUK	14	19	d9p2	figs-explicit	ἕτερος εἶπεν	1	another said	The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the servant whom the master had sent out ([Luke 14:17](../14/17.md)). Alternate translation: “Another sent a message, saying” or “Another told the servant to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	19	cd9b	figs-explicit	ζεύγη βοῶν…πέντε	1	five pairs of oxen	Oxen were used in pairs to pull farming tools. Alternate translation: “10 oxen to work in my fields” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	20	lf9h	figs-explicit	καὶ ἕτερος εἶπεν	1	Yet another said	The reader should be able to infer that these people spoke directly to the servant whom the master had sent out ([Luke 14:17](../14/17.md)). Alternate translation: “another man sent a message, saying” or “another man told the servant to say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	20	gy6v		γυναῖκα ἔγημα	1	I have married a wife	Use an expression that is natural in your language. Some languages may say “gotten married” or “taken a wife.”
LUK	14	21	v7v7		ὀργισθεὶς	1	becoming angry	“became angry with the people he had invited”
LUK	14	21	s88p		εἰσάγαγε ὧδε	1	bring in here	“invite in here to eat the dinner”
LUK	14	22	y4rb	figs-explicit	καὶ εἶπεν ὁ δοῦλος	1	Then the servant said	It may be necessary to state clearly the implied information that the servant did what the master commanded him. Alternate translation: “After the servant went out and did that, he came back and said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	22	dgt3	figs-activepassive	γέγονεν ὃ ἐπέταξας	1	what you commanded has been done	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I have done what you commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	23	a3ic			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes his parable.
LUK	14	23	n9x7		τὰς ὁδοὺς καὶ φραγμοὺς	1	the highways and hedges	This refers to roads and paths outside of the city. Alternate translation: “the main roads and paths outside of the city”
LUK	14	23	gu6i		ἀνάγκασον εἰσελθεῖν	1	compel them to come in	“demand that they come in”
LUK	14	23	ye6q		ἀνάγκασον	1	compel them	The word “them” refers to anyone the servants find. “compel anyone you find to come in”
LUK	14	23	w5w6		ἵνα γεμισθῇ μου ὁ οἶκος	1	that my house may be filled	“so that people may fill my house”
LUK	14	24	v5m6	figs-you	λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν	1	For I say to you	The word “you” is plural, so it is unclear to whom it is addressed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	14	24	liz5		τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐκείνων	1	those men	The word here for “men” means “male adults” and not just people in general.
LUK	14	24	n867	figs-activepassive	τῶν…κεκλημένων	1	who were invited	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom I invited” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	24	hl7q		γεύσεταί μου τοῦ δείπνου	1	will taste my dinner	“will enjoy the dinner I have prepared”
LUK	14	25	gv94			0	General Information:	Jesus begins to teach the crowd that was traveling with him.
LUK	14	26	rmt8	figs-hyperbole	εἴ τις ἔρχεται πρός με, καὶ οὐ μισεῖ τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ…οὐ δύναται εἶναί μου μαθητής	1	If anyone comes to me and does not hate his own father…he cannot be my disciple	Here, “hate” is an exaggeration for the lesser love people are to show to people other than Jesus. Alternate translation: “If anyone comes to me and does not love me more than he loves his father…he cannot be my disciple” or “Only if a person loves me more than he loves his own father…can he be my disciple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	14	27	pm44	figs-doublenegatives	ὅστις οὐ βαστάζει τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔρχεται ὀπίσω μου, οὐ δύναται εἶναί μου μαθητής	1	Whoever does not carry his own cross and come after me cannot be my disciple	This could be stated with positive verbs. Alternate translation: “If anyone wants to be my disciple, he must carry his own cross and follow me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	14	27	jn5u	figs-metaphor	βαστάζει τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	1	carry his own cross	Jesus does not mean every Christian must be crucified. The Romans often made people carry their own crosses before they crucified them as a sign of their submission to Rome. This metaphor means they must submit to God and be willing to suffer in any way to be Jesus’ disciples. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	28	s6ru			0	General Information:	Jesus continues to explain to the crowd that it is important to count the cost of being a disciple.
LUK	14	28	q3cx	figs-rquestion	τίς γὰρ ἐξ ὑμῶν θέλων πύργον οἰκοδομῆσαι, οὐχὶ πρῶτον καθίσας, ψηφίζει τὴν δαπάνην, εἰ ἔχει εἰς ἀπαρτισμόν?	1	For which of you who desires to build a tower does not first sit down and count the cost to calculate if he has what he needs to complete it?	Jesus uses this question to prove that people count the cost of a project before they begin it. Alternate translation: “If a person wanted to build a tower, he would certainly first sit down and determine if he had enough money to complete it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	14	28	eyx4		πύργον	1	a tower	This may have been a watchtower. “a tall building” or “a high lookout platform”
LUK	14	29	qj4i	figs-ellipsis	ἵνα μήποτε	1	Otherwise	It may be helpful to give more information. Alternate translation: “If he does not first count the cost” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	14	29	axc7		θέντος αὐτοῦ θεμέλιον	1	when he has laid a foundation	“when he has built a base” or “when he has completed the first part of the building”
LUK	14	29	ym3a	figs-explicit	μὴ ἰσχύοντος ἐκτελέσαι	1	is not able to finish	It is understood that he was not able to finish because he did not have enough money. This could be stated. Alternate translation: “does not have enough money to be able to finish” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	14	31	lg6h			0	General Information:	Jesus continues to explain to the crowd that it is important to count the cost of being a disciple.
LUK	14	31	p1ri		ἢ	1	Or	Jesus used this word to introduce another situation where people count the cost before making a decision.
LUK	14	31	vp3u	figs-rquestion	τίς βασιλεὺς…οὐχὶ καθίσας πρῶτον βουλεύσεται…εἴκοσι χιλιάδων ἐρχομένῳ ἐπ’ αὐτόν?	1	what king…will not sit down first and determine…twenty thousand men?	Jesus uses another question to teach the crowd about counting the cost. Alternate translation: “you know that a king…would sit down first and take counsel…men.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	14	31	tl37		βουλεύσεται	1	determine	Possible meanings are 1) “think carefully “ or 2) “listen to his advisors.”
LUK	14	31	xy87	translate-numbers	δέκα χιλιάσιν…εἴκοσι χιλιάδων	1	ten thousand…twenty thousand	“10,000…20,000” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	14	32	dpc5	figs-ellipsis	εἰ δὲ μή γε	1	But if not	It may be helpful to state more information. Alternate translation: “If he realizes that he will not be able to defeat the other king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	14	32	p5h6		τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην	1	terms of peace	“terms to end the war” or “what the other king wants him to do in order to end the war”
LUK	14	33	is32	figs-doublenegatives	πᾶς ἐξ ὑμῶν ὃς οὐκ ἀποτάσσεται πᾶσιν τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ ὑπάρχουσιν, οὐ δύναται εἶναί μου μαθητής	1	every one of you who does not give up all that he has cannot be my disciple	This can be stated with positive verbs. Alternate translation: “only those of you who give up all that you have can be my disciples” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	14	33	f2he		ἀποτάσσεται πᾶσιν τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ ὑπάρχουσιν	1	give up everything that he possesses	“leave behind all that he has”
LUK	14	34	tkm2			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes teaching the crowd.
LUK	14	34	tz7c	figs-metaphor	καλὸν οὖν τὸ ἅλας	1	So salt is good	“Salt is useful.” Jesus is teaching a lesson about those who want to be his disciple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	14	34	cz52	figs-rquestion	ἐν τίνι ἀρτυθήσεται	1	with what will it be seasoned?	Jesus uses a question to teach the crowd. Alternate translation: “it cannot be made salty again.” or “no one can make it salty again.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	35	bp1b		κοπρίαν	1	manure pile	People use manure to fertilize gardens and fields. Salt without taste is so useless it is not even worth mixing with manure. Alternate translation: “compost heap” or “fertilizer”
LUK	14	35	n5a9	figs-activepassive	ἔξω βάλλουσιν αὐτό	1	They throw it out	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Someone just throws it away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	14	35	u9h3	figs-metonymy	ὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν, ἀκουέτω	1	The one who has ears to hear, let him hear	Jesus is emphasizing that what he has just said is important and may take some effort to understand and put into practice. The phrase “ears to hear” here is a metonym for the willingness to understand and obey. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 8:8](../08/08.md). Alternate translation: “Let the one who is willing to listen, listen” or “The one who is willing to understand, let him understand and obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	14	35	c5fb	figs-123person		1	The one who…let him	Since Jesus is speaking directly to his audience, you may prefer to use the second person here. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 8:8](../08/08.md). Alternate translation: “If you are willing to listen, listen” or “If you are willing to understand, then understand and obey” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	15	intro	p1ba			0		# Luke 15 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>### The parable of the prodigal son<br><br>[Luke 15:11-32](./11.md) is the parable of the prodigal son. Most people think that the father in the story represented God (the Father), the sinful younger son represented those who repent and come to faith in Jesus, and the self-righteous older son represented the Pharisees. In the story the older son became angry at the father because the father forgave the younger son’s sins, and he would not go into the party the father had because the younger son repented. This was because Jesus knew that the Pharisees wanted God to think only they were good and to not forgive other people’s sins. He was teaching them that they would never be part of God’s kingdom because they thought that way. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/forgive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Sinners<br><br>When the people of Jesus’ time spoke of “sinners,” they were talking about people who did not obey the law of Moses and instead committed sins like stealing or sexual sins. But Jesus told three parables ([Luke 15:4-7](./04.md), [Luke 15:8-10](./08.md), and [Luke 15:11-32](./11.md)) to teach that the people who believe they are sinners and who repent are the people who truly please God. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/repent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])<br>
LUK	15	1	l9ez			0	General Information:	We do not know where this takes place; it simply occurs one day when Jesus is teaching.
LUK	15	1	yj6b	writing-newevent	δὲ	1	Now	This marks the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	15	1	ss52	figs-hyperbole	πάντες οἱ τελῶναι	1	all the tax collectors	This is an exaggeration to stress that there were very many of them. Alternate translation: “many tax collectors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	15	2	dd9b		οὗτος ἁμαρτωλοὺς προσδέχεται	1	This man receives	“This man lets sinners into his presence” or “This man associates with sinners”
LUK	15	2	ec2r		οὗτος	1	This man	They were talking about Jesus.
LUK	15	2	he1l		συνεσθίει αὐτοῖς	1	even eats with them	The word “even” shows that they thought it was bad enough that Jesus allowed sinners to come to him, but it was worse that he would eat with them.
LUK	15	3	ill7	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to tell several parables. These parables are hypothetical situations about things that anyone could experience. They are not about particular people. The first parable is about what a person would do if one of his sheep was lost. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	15	3	mul2		πρὸς αὐτοὺς	1	to them	Here “them” refers to the religious leaders.
LUK	15	4	pxm3	figs-rquestion	τίς ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ὑμῶν…οὐ καταλείπει…ἕως εὕρῃ αὐτό?	1	Which man among you…will not leave…until he finds it?	Jesus uses a question to remind the people that if any of them lost one of their sheep, they would certainly go looking for it. Alternate translation: “Each of you…would certainly leave…until he finds it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	15	4	c2qs	figs-123person	τίς ἄνθρωπος ἐξ ὑμῶν, ἔχων ἑκατὸν πρόβατα	1	Which man among you, having a hundred sheep	Since the parable starts with “Which one of you,” some languages would continue the parable in the second person. Alternate translation: “Which one of you, if you have a hundred sheep” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	15	4	d8xi	translate-numbers	ἑκατὸν…ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα	1	hundred…ninety-nine	“100…99” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	15	5	xwa5	figs-explicit	ἐπιτίθησιν ἐπὶ τοὺς ὤμους αὐτοῦ	1	lays it across his shoulders	This is the way a shepherd carries a sheep. This could be stated. Alternate translation: “lays it across his shoulders to carry it home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	6	g3f3		καὶ ἐλθὼν εἰς τὸν οἶκον	1	When he comes to the house	“When the owner of the sheep comes home” or “When you come home.” Refer to the owner of the sheep as you did in the previous verse.
LUK	15	7	k1l2		οὕτως	1	even so	“in the same way” or “as the shepherd and his friends and neighbors would rejoice”
LUK	15	7	k8k6		χαρὰ ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ ἔσται	1	there will be joy in heaven	“everyone in heaven will rejoice”
LUK	15	7	yn3h	figs-hyperbole	ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα δικαίοις, οἵτινες οὐ χρείαν ἔχουσιν μετανοίας	1	ninety-nine righteous people who have no need of repentance	Jesus uses sarcasm to say that the Pharisees were wrong to think that they did not need to repent. Your language may have a different way to express this idea. Alternate translation: “ninety-nine persons like you, who think they are righteous and do not need to repent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	15	7	rd5r	translate-numbers	ἐνενήκοντα ἐννέα	1	ninety-nine	“99” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	15	8	pi6f			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins telling another parable. It is about a woman with 10 sliver coins.
LUK	15	8	ly5c	figs-rquestion	ἢ τίς γυνὴ…οὐχὶ ἅπτει λύχνον…καὶ ζητεῖ ἐπιμελῶς, ἕως οὗ εὕρῃ?	1	Or what woman…would not light a lamp…and seek diligently until she has found it?	Jesus uses a question to remind the people that if they lost a silver coin, they would certainly look for it diligently. Alternate translation: “Any woman…would certainly light a lamp…and seek diligently until she has found it.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	15	8	qr36	figs-hypo	ἐὰν ἀπολέσῃ	1	if she would lose	This is a hypothetical situation and not a story about a real woman. Some languages have ways of showing this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	15	10	wrs9		οὕτως	1	In the same way	“In the same way” or “Just as people would rejoice with the woman”
LUK	15	10	m8zl		ἐπὶ ἑνὶ ἁμαρτωλῷ μετανοοῦντι	1	over one sinner who repents	“when one sinner repents”
LUK	15	11	ib6s	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins telling another parable. It is about a young man who asks his father for his part of the inheritance. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	15	11	c2t6	writing-participants	ἄνθρωπός τις	1	A certain man	This introduces a new character in the parable. Some languages might say “There was a man who” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	15	12	y6uq		δός μοι	1	give me	The son wanted his father to give it to him immediately. Languages that have a command form that means that they want it done immediately should use that form.
LUK	15	12	l8ve		τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος τῆς οὐσίας	1	the portion of the wealth that falls to me	“the part of your wealth that you planned for me to receive when you die”
LUK	15	12	r2q7		αὐτοῖς	1	between them	“between his two sons”
LUK	15	13	lu69		συναγαγὼν πάντα	1	gathered everything together	“packed his things” or “put his things in his bag”
LUK	15	13	ew56		ζῶν ἀσώτως	1	living recklessly	“living without thinking about the consequences of his actions” or “living wildly”
LUK	15	14	z99l		δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Jesus explains how the younger son went from having plenty to being in need.
LUK	15	14	kpb8		ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἰσχυρὰ κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἐκείνην	1	a severe famine happened throughout that country	“a drought occurred there and the entire country did not have enough food”
LUK	15	14	y8mf		ὑστερεῖσθαι	1	to be in need	“to lack what he needed” or “to not have enough”
LUK	15	15	cdn2		καὶ πορευθεὶς	1	So he went	The word “he” refers to the younger son.
LUK	15	15	y3bf		ἐκολλήθη	1	hired himself out	“took a job with” or “began to work for”
LUK	15	15	k19m		ἑνὶ τῶν πολιτῶν τῆς χώρας ἐκείνης	1	one of the citizens of that country	“a man of that country”
LUK	15	15	rxt4		βόσκειν χοίρους	1	to feed pigs	“to give food to the man’s pigs”
LUK	15	16	m8zd	figs-explicit	καὶ ἐπεθύμει χορτασθῆναι	1	He was longing to eat	“wished very much that he could eat.” It is understood that this is because he was very hungry. This could be stated. Alternate translation: “he was so hungry that he would have happily eaten” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	16	pd3c	translate-unknown	κερατίων	1	carob pods	These are the husks of beans that grow on the carob tree. Alternate translation: “carob bean pods” or “bean husks” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	15	17	x4jc	figs-idiom	εἰς ἑαυτὸν…ἐλθὼν	1	when he had come to himself	This idiom means he realized what the truth was, that he had made a terrible mistake. Alternate translation: “clearly understood his situation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	15	17	xw1a		πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύονται ἄρτων	1	How many of my father’s hired servants have more than enough bread	This is part of an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: “All my father’s hired servants have more than enough food to eat”
LUK	15	17	tal2		λιμῷ…ἀπόλλυμαι	1	dying from hunger	This is probably not an exaggeration. The young man may really have been starving.
LUK	15	18	m4pj	figs-metonymy	ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν	1	I have sinned against heaven	Jewish people sometimes avoided saying the word “God” and used the word “heaven” instead. Alternate translation: “I have sinned against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	15	19	aug2	figs-activepassive	οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου	1	I am no longer worthy to be called your son	“I am not worthy to be called your son.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am not worthy for you to call me son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	15	19	up55		ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου	1	make me as one of your hired servants	“hire me as an employee” or “hire me and I will become one of your servants.” This is a request, not a command. It may be helpful to add “please” as the UST does.
LUK	15	20	m43r		καὶ ἀναστὰς, ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ	1	So he got up and went to his own father	“So he left that country and started going back to his father.” The word “so” marks an event that happened because of something else that happened first. In this case, the young man was in need and had decided to go home.
LUK	15	20	za3c		ἔτι δὲ αὐτοῦ μακρὰν ἀπέχοντος	1	But while he was still far away	“While he was still far away from his home” or “While he was still far away from his father’s house”
LUK	15	20	a7ls		ἐσπλαγχνίσθη	1	was moved with compassion	“had pity on him” or “loved him deeply from his heart”
LUK	15	20	z7p3		ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν	1	fell upon his neck, and kissed him	The father did this to show his son that he loved him and was glad that the son was coming home. If people think that it is strange or wrong for a man to embrace or hug and kiss his son, you can substitute a way that men in your culture show affection to their sons. Alternate translation: “welcomed him affectionately”
LUK	15	21	xz93	figs-metonymy	ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν	1	I have sinned against heaven	Jewish people sometimes avoided saying the word “God” and used the word “heaven” instead. See how you translated this in [Luke 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “I have sinned against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	15	21	qxg5	figs-activepassive	οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου	1	I am no longer worthy to be called your son	This can be stated in active form. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Luke 15:18](../15/18.md). Alternate translation: “I am not worthy for you to call me your son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	15	22	b3hv		στολὴν τὴν πρώτην	1	the best robe	“the best robe in the house.” Alternate translation: “the best coat” or “the best garment”
LUK	15	22	nlx9		δότε δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ	1	put a ring on his hand	A ring was a sign of authority that men wore on one of their fingers.
LUK	15	22	xat6		ὑποδήματα	1	sandals	Wealthy people of that time wore sandals. However, in many cultures the modern equivalent would be “shoes.”
LUK	15	23	ll8j	figs-explicit	μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν	1	fattened calf	A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so that it would grow well, and then when they wanted to have a special feast, they would eat that calf. Alternate translation: “the best calf” or “the young animal we have been making fat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	23	t3cu	figs-explicit	θύσατε	1	kill it	The implied information that they were to cook the meat can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “kill it and cook it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	24	ubz3	figs-metaphor	ὁ υἱός μου νεκρὸς ἦν καὶ ἀνέζησεν	1	this son of mine was dead, and now is alive	This metaphor speaks of the son being gone as if he were dead. Alternate translation: “it is as if my son were dead and became alive again” or “I felt like my son had died, but he is now alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	15	24	izx2	figs-metaphor	ἦν ἀπολωλὼς καὶ εὑρέθη	1	he was lost, and now is found	This metaphor speaks of the son being gone as if he were lost. Alternate translation: “It is as if my son were lost and now I found him” or “My son was lost and has returned home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	15	25	jd7l		δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Jesus starts to tell a new part of the story about the older son.
LUK	15	25	bk6d	figs-explicit	ἐν ἀγρῷ	1	in the field	It is implied that he was out in the field because he was working there. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	26	xx6a		ἕνα τῶν παίδων	1	one of the servants	The word that is translated here as “servant” is normally translated as “boy.” It may indicate that the servant was very young.
LUK	15	26	z51r		τί ἂν εἴη ταῦτα	1	what these things might be	“what was happening”
LUK	15	27	r8py	figs-explicit	τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν	1	the fattened calf	A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so that it would grow well, and then when they wanted to have a special feast, they would eat that calf. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 15:23](../15/23.md). Alternate translation: “the best calf” or “the young animal we have been making fat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	29	hne4		τοσαῦτα ἔτη	1	these many years	“for many years”
LUK	15	29	f8w9		δουλεύω σοι	1	I slaved for you	“I worked extremely hard for you” or “I worked as hard as a slave for you”
LUK	15	29	d2t6		οὐδέποτε ἐντολήν σου παρῆλθον	1	never broke a rule of yours	“never disobeyed any of your commands” or “always obeyed everything you told me to do”
LUK	15	29	ph4q	figs-explicit	ἔριφον	1	a young goat	A young goat was smaller and less expensive than a fatted calf. Alternate translation: “even a young goat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	30	y27h		ὁ υἱός σου οὗτος	1	this son of yours	“that son of yours.” The older son refers to his brother this way in order to show how angry he is.
LUK	15	30	vip3	figs-metaphor	ὁ καταφαγών σου τὸν βίον	1	who has devoured your living	Food is a metaphor for money. After one eats food, the food is no longer there and there is nothing to eat. The money that the brother had received was no longer there and there was no more to spend. Alternate translation: “wasted all your wealth” or “thrown away all your money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	15	30	e6ig	figs-hyperbole	μετὰ πορνῶν	1	with prostitutes	Possible meanings are 1) he assumed this is how his brother spent the money or 2) he speaks of prostitutes to exaggerate the sinfulness of his brother’s actions in the “country far away” ([Luke 15:13](../15/13.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	15	30	vf31	figs-explicit	τὸν σιτευτὸν μόσχον	1	the fattened calf	A calf is a young cow. People would give one of their calves special food so that it would grow well, and then when they wanted to have a special feast, they would eat that calf. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 15:23](../15/23.md). Alternate translation: “the best calf” or “the young animal we have been making fat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	15	31	b5s3		ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ	1	Then the father said to him	The word “him” refers to the older son.
LUK	15	32	c35s		ὁ ἀδελφός σου οὗτος	1	this brother of yours	The father was reminding the older son that the one who just came home was his brother.
LUK	15	32	due5	figs-metaphor	ὁ ἀδελφός σου οὗτος, νεκρὸς ἦν καὶ ἔζησεν	1	this brother of yours was dead, and is now alive	This metaphor speaks of the brother being gone as if he were dead. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 15:24](../15/24.md). Alternate translation: “it was as if this brother of yours were dead and became alive again” or “this brother of yours had died, but he is now alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	15	32	v55y	figs-metaphor	ἀπολωλὼς καὶ εὑρέθη	1	he was lost, and now is found	This metaphor speaks of the son being gone as if he were lost. See how you translated this phrase in [Luke 15:24](../15/24.md). Alternate translation: “it is as if he were lost and now I found him” or “he was lost and has returned home” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	16	intro	qz3g			0		# Luke 16 General Notes
LUK	16	1	r6ck	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins telling another parable. It is about a master and the manager of his debtors. This is still the same part of the story and the same day that began in [Luke 15:3](../15/03.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	16	1	p54g		ἔλεγεν δὲ καὶ πρὸς τοὺς μαθητάς	1	Now Jesus also said to the disciples	The last section was directed at Pharisees and scribes, though Jesus’ disciples may have been part of the crowd listening.
LUK	16	1	k6jv	writing-participants	ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν πλούσιος	1	There was a certain rich man	This introduces a new character in the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	16	1	blp5	figs-activepassive	οὗτος διεβλήθη αὐτῷ	1	he was reported to him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people reported to the rich man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	1	lpc3		διασκορπίζων τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ	1	wasting his possessions	“foolishly managing the rich man’s wealth”
LUK	16	2	p7y7	figs-rquestion	τί τοῦτο ἀκούω περὶ σοῦ?	1	What is this that I hear about you?	The rich man uses a question to scold the manager. Alternate translation: “I have heard what you are doing.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	16	2	q433		ἀπόδος τὸν λόγον τῆς οἰκονομίας σου	1	Give an account of your management	“Set your records in order to pass on to someone else” or “Prepare the records you have written about my money”
LUK	16	3	kc12	figs-rquestion	τί ποιήσω…τὴν οἰκονομίαν ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ?	1	What should I do…the management job from me?	The manager asks this question of himself, as a means of reviewing his options. Alternate translation: “I need to think about what I should do…job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	16	3	kng1		ὁ κύριός μου	1	my master	This refers to the wealthy man. The manager was not a slave. Alternate translation: “my employer”
LUK	16	3	t3kj		σκάπτειν οὐκ ἰσχύω	1	I am not strong enough to dig	“I am not strong enough to dig the ground” or “I am not able to dig”
LUK	16	4	xxe2	figs-activepassive	ὅταν μετασταθῶ ἐκ τῆς οἰκονομίας	1	when I am removed from my management job	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when I lose my management job” or “when my master takes away my management job” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	4	m4za	figs-explicit	δέξωνταί με εἰς τοὺς οἴκους αὐτῶν	1	people will welcome me into their houses	This implies that those people will provide a job, or other things that he needs to live. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	16	5	rze8		τῶν χρεοφιλετῶν τοῦ κυρίου ἑαυτοῦ	1	the debters of his master	“the people who were in debt to his master” or “the people who owed things to his master.” In this story the debtors owed olive oil and wheat.
LUK	16	6	xp6d		ὁ δὲ εἶπεν…ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ	1	He said…He said to him	“The debtor said…the manager said to the debtor”
LUK	16	6	u8nh	translate-bvolume	ἑκατὸν βάτους ἐλαίου	1	A hundred baths of olive oil	This was about 3,000 liters of olive oil. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
LUK	16	6	rmb3	translate-numbers	ἑκατὸν…πεντήκοντα	1	a hundred…fifty	“100…50” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	16	6	jn75		δέξαι σου τὰ γράμματα	1	Take your bill	A “bill” is a piece of paper that tells how much someone owes.
LUK	16	7	sy3y		ἔπειτα ἑτέρῳ εἶπεν…ὁ δὲ εἶπεν…λέγει αὐτῷ	1	Then he said to another…He said…He said to him	“the manager said to another debtor…The debtor said…The manager said to the debtor”
LUK	16	7	pq2u	translate-bvolume	ἑκατὸν κόρους σίτου	1	A hundred cors of wheat	You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “twenty thousand liters of wheat” or “a thousand baskets of wheat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
LUK	16	7	tn17		γράψον ὀγδοήκοντα	1	write eighty	“write eighty cors of wheat.” You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “write sixteen thousand liters” or “write eight hundred baskets”
LUK	16	7	jsl6	translate-numbers	ὀγδοήκοντα	1	eighty	“80” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	16	8	aj5l			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes telling the parable about the master and the manager of his debtors. In verse 9, Jesus continues to teach his disciples.
LUK	16	8	hc3l		καὶ ἐπῄνεσεν ὁ κύριος	1	Then the master commended	The text does not say how the master learned of the manager’s action.
LUK	16	8	vha4		ἐπῄνεσεν	1	commended	“praised” or “spoke well of” or “approved of”
LUK	16	8	nfz3		φρονίμως ἐποίησεν	1	he had acted shrewdly	“he had acted cleverly” or “he had done a sensible thing”
LUK	16	8	a1yq		οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου	1	the sons of this age	This refers to those like the unrighteous manager who do not know or care about God. Alternate translation: “the people of this world” or “worldly people”
LUK	16	8	lvx7	figs-metaphor	τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ φωτὸς	1	the sons of light	Here “light” is a metaphor for everything godly. Alternate translation: “the people of God” or “godly people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	16	9	agp3		ἐγὼ ὑμῖν λέγω	1	I say to you	“I” refers to Jesus. The phrase “I say to you” marks the end of the story and now Jesus tells the people how to apply the story to their lives.
LUK	16	9	jkn7		ἑαυτοῖς ποιήσατε φίλους ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας	1	make friends for yourselves by means of unrighteous wealth	The focus here is on using the money to help other people. Alternate translation: “make people your friends by helping them with worldly wealth”
LUK	16	9	q2jb	figs-metonymy	ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας	1	by means of unrighteous wealth	Possible meanings are 1) Jesus uses hyperbole when he calls money “unrighteous” because it has no eternal value. Alternate translation: “by using money, which has no eternal value” or “by using worldly money” or 2) Jesus uses metonymy when he calls money “unrighteous” because people sometimes earn it or use it in unrighteous ways. Alternate translation: “by using even money that you earned dishonestly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	16	9	u394		δέξωνται	1	they may receive	This may refer to 1) God in heaven, who is pleased that you used money to help people, or 2) the friends you helped with your money .
LUK	16	9	kq56		αἰωνίους σκηνάς	1	eternal dwellings	This refers to heaven, where God lives.
LUK	16	10	sk2f	figs-gendernotations	ὁ πιστὸς…καὶ…πιστός ἐστιν…ὁ…ἄδικος…καὶ…ἄδικός ἐστιν	1	He who is faithful…is also faithful…he who is unrighteous…is also unrighteous	“People who are faithful…are also faithful…people who are unrighteous…are also unrighteous.” This would include women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK	16	10	we3j		πιστὸς ἐν ἐλαχίστῳ	1	is faithful in very little	“faithful even with small things.” Make sure this does not sound like they are not very faithful.
LUK	16	10	r8hz		ἐν ἐλαχίστῳ ἄδικος	1	is unrighteous in very little	“unrighteous even in small things.” Make sure this does not sound like they are not often unrighteous.
LUK	16	11	tm3w	figs-metonymy	τῷ ἀδίκῳ μαμωνᾷ	1	unrighteous wealth	See how you translated this in [Luke 16:9](../16/09.md). Possible meanings are 1) Jesus uses metonymy when he calls money “unrighteous” because people sometimes earn it or use it in unrighteous ways. Alternate translation: “even money that you earned dishonestly” or 2) Jesus uses hyperbole when he calls money “unrighteous” because it has no eternal value. Alternate translation: “money, which has no eternal value” or “by using worldly money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	16	11	cv6s	figs-rquestion	τὸ ἀληθινὸν τίς ὑμῖν πιστεύσει?	1	who will entrust true wealth to you?	Jesus uses a question to teach the people. Alternate translation: “no one will trust you with true wealth.” or “no one will give you true wealth to manage.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	16	11	x2hr		τὸ ἀληθινὸν	1	true wealth	This refers to wealth that is more genuine, real, or lasting than money.
LUK	16	12	uy96	figs-rquestion	τὸ ὑμέτερον τίς ὑμῖν δώσει	1	who will give to you that which is your own?	Jesus uses this question to teach the people. Alternate translation: “no one will give you wealth for yourself.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	16	13	w2sf		οὐδεὶς οἰκέτης δύναται	1	No servant can	“A servant cannot”
LUK	16	13	msb6		δυσὶ κυρίοις δουλεύειν	1	serve two masters	It is implied that he cannot “serve two different masters at the same time”
LUK	16	13	u1lk		ἢ γὰρ…μισήσει…ἢ…ἀνθέξεται	1	for either he will hate…or else he will be devoted	These two clauses are essentially the same. The only significant difference is that the first master is hated in the first clause, but the second master is hated in the second clause.
LUK	16	13	pd2p		μισήσει	1	he will hate	“the servant will hate”
LUK	16	13	ba2m		ἑνὸς ἀνθέξεται	1	he will be devoted to one	“love one very strongly”
LUK	16	13	dd9z		τοῦ ἑτέρου καταφρονήσει	1	despise the other	“hold the other in contempt” or “hate the other”
LUK	16	13	d1qg		καταφρονήσει	1	despise	This means essentially the same as “hate” in the previous clause.
LUK	16	13	pw7q	figs-you	οὐ δύνασθε…δουλεύειν	1	You cannot serve	Jesus was talking to a group of people, so languages that have a plural form of “you” would use that. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	16	14	zb3n	writing-background		0	General Information:	This is a break in Jesus teachings, as verse 14 tells us background information about how the Pharisees ridiculed Jesus. In verse 15, Jesus continues teaching and responds to the Pharisees. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	16	14	taq3		δὲ	1	Now	This word marks a shift to the background information.
LUK	16	14	lbq9		φιλάργυροι ὑπάρχοντες	1	who were lovers of money	“who loved having money” or “who where very greedy for money”
LUK	16	14	w9kh		ἐξεμυκτήριζον αὐτόν	1	they ridiculed him	“the Pharisees ridiculed Jesus”
LUK	16	15	btb9		καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς	1	So he said to them	“And Jesus said to the Pharisees”
LUK	16	15	cqs7		ὑμεῖς ἐστε οἱ δικαιοῦντες ἑαυτοὺς ἐνώπιον τῶν ἀνθρώπων	1	You are those who justify yourselves in the sight of men	“You try to make yourselves look good to people”
LUK	16	15	lx4f	figs-metonymy	ὁ δὲ Θεὸς γινώσκει τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν	1	but God knows your hearts	Here “hearts” refers to the desires of people. Alternate translation: “God understands your true desires” or “God knows your motives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	16	15	q82t	figs-activepassive	τὸ ἐν ἀνθρώποις ὑψηλὸν, βδέλυγμα ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	That which is exalted among men is detestable in the sight of God	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Those things that men think are very important are things that God hates” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	16	m566		ὁ νόμος καὶ οἱ προφῆται	1	The law and the prophets	This refers to all of God’s word that had been written up to that time.
LUK	16	16	a2ra		μέχρι	1	were in effect until	“had authority” or “were what people needed to obey”
LUK	16	16	b78c	figs-explicit	Ἰωάννου	1	John	This refers to John the Baptist. Alternate translation: “John the Baptist came” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	16	16	mrl3	figs-activepassive	ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ εὐαγγελίζεται	1	the gospel of the kingdom of God is preached	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I am teaching people about the good news of the kingdom of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	16	lyw7		πᾶς εἰς αὐτὴν βιάζεται	1	everyone tries to force their way into it	This refers to the people who were listening to and accepting the teaching of Jesus. Alternate translation: “many people are doing everything they can to enter it”
LUK	16	17	stl8		εὐκοπώτερον δέ ἐστιν τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν γῆν παρελθεῖν, ἢ τοῦ νόμου μίαν κερέαν πεσεῖν	1	But it is easier for heaven and earth to pass away than for one stroke of a letter of the law to become invalid	This contrast could be stated in the reverse order. Alternate translation: “even the smallest stroke of the letter of the law will last longer than heaven and earth will exist”
LUK	16	17	ke7y	figs-explicit	ἢ…μίαν κερέαν	1	than for one stroke of a letter	A “stroke” is the smallest part of a letter. It refers to something in the law that may seem to be insignificant. Alternate translation: “than for even the smallest detail of the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	16	17	t33k		πεσεῖν	1	to become invalid	“disappear” or “cease to exist”
LUK	16	18	j8fn		πᾶς ὁ ἀπολύων τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	1	Everyone who divorces his wife	“Anyone who divorces his wife” or “Any man who divorces his wife”
LUK	16	18	i544		μοιχεύει	1	commits adultery	“is guilty of adultery”
LUK	16	18	sq24		ὁ ἀπολελυμένην…γαμῶν	1	he who marries one who is divorced	“any man who marries a woman”
LUK	16	19	yqm2	writing-background		0	General Information:	These verses give background information about the story Jesus begins to tell about the rich man and Lazarus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	16	19	er6u			0	Connecting Statement:	As Jesus continues teaching the people he begins to tell a story. It is about a rich man and Lazarus.
LUK	16	19	kd1x		δέ	1	Now	This marks a shift in Jesus’ speech as he begins to tell a story that will help people understand what he was teaching them.
LUK	16	19	r67p	writing-participants	ἄνθρωπος…τις…πλούσιος	1	a certain rich man	This phrase introduces a person in Jesus’ story. It is not clear if this is a real person or if it is simply a person in a story that Jesus tells in order to make a point. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	16	19	fu76		ἐνεδιδύσκετο πορφύραν καὶ βύσσον	1	he was clothed in purple and fine linen	“who wore clothing made with fine linen and purple dye” or “who wore very expensive clothes.” Purple dye and fine linen cloth were very expensive.
LUK	16	19	sz7t		εὐφραινόμενος καθ’ ἡμέραν λαμπρῶς	1	celebrating every day in splendor	“enjoyed eating expensive food every day” or “spent much money and bought whatever he desired”
LUK	16	20	s11m	figs-activepassive	πτωχὸς…τις ὀνόματι Λάζαρος, ἐβέβλητο πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα αὐτοῦ	1	a certain poor man named Lazarus was laid at his gate	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People had laid a certain beggar named Lazarus at his gate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	16	20	mmw2	writing-participants	πτωχὸς…τις ὀνόματι Λάζαρος	1	a certain poor man named Lazarus	This phrase introduces another person in Jesus’ story. It is not clear if this is a real person or simply a person in a story that Jesus tells in order to make a point. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	16	20	ax4v		πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα αὐτοῦ	1	at his gate	“at the gate to the rich man’s house” or “at the entrance to the rich man’s property”
LUK	16	20	ex57		εἱλκωμένος	1	covered with sores	“with sores all over his body”
LUK	16	21	i2fn		ἐπιθυμῶν χορτασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν πιπτόντων	1	longing to eat from what was falling	“wishing he could eat the scraps of food that fell”
LUK	16	21	vnk5		καὶ οἱ κύνες ἐρχόμενοι	1	Even the dogs were coming	The word “Even” here shows that what follows is worse than what has already been told about Lazarus. Alternate translation: “In addition to that, the dogs came” or “Worse yet, the dogs came”
LUK	16	21	xby9		οἱ κύνες	1	the dogs	The Jews considered dogs to be unclean animals. Lazarus was too sick and weak to stop the dogs from licking his wounds.
LUK	16	22	y7pb	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it came about that	This phrase is used here to mark an event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	16	22	hrm6	figs-activepassive	ἀπενεχθῆναι…ὑπὸ τῶν ἀγγέλων	1	was carried away by the angels	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the angels carried him away” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	22	r2k1	figs-explicit	εἰς τὸν κόλπον Ἀβραάμ	1	to Abraham’s side	This implies that Abraham and Lazarus were reclining next to each other at a feast, in the Greek style of feasting. The joy in heaven is often represented in the scriptures by the idea of a feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	16	22	hn6v	figs-activepassive	ἐτάφη	1	was buried	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	23	qpd2	figs-explicit	ἐν τοῖς κόλποις αὐτοῦ	1	at his side	This implies that Abraham and Lazarus were reclining next to each other at a feast, in the Greek style of feasting. The joy in heaven is often represented in the scriptures by the idea of a feast. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	16	23	vca4		ἐν τῷ ᾍδῃ…ὑπάρχων ἐν βασάνοις	1	in Hades, being in torment	“he went to Hades, where, suffering in terrible pain”
LUK	16	23	tl8x	figs-idiom	ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ	1	he lifted up his eyes	This idiom means “he looked up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	16	24	dpp9		αὐτὸς φωνήσας εἶπεν	1	he cried out and said	“the rich man called out to say” or “he shouted out to Abraham”
LUK	16	24	m95a		Πάτερ Ἀβραάμ	1	Father Abraham	Abraham was the ancestor of all the Jews, including the rich man.
LUK	16	24	b2rc		ἐλέησόν με	1	have mercy on me	“please have pity on me” or “please be merciful to me”
LUK	16	24	ly9k		καὶ πέμψον Λάζαρον	1	and send Lazarus	“by sending Lazarus” or “and tell Lazarus to come to me”
LUK	16	24	rc6p		βάψῃ τὸ ἄκρον τοῦ δακτύλου αὐτοῦ	1	he may dip the tip of his finger	This indicates the smallness of the amount requested. Alternate translation: “he may wet the tip of his finger”
LUK	16	24	qix8		ὀδυνῶμαι ἐν τῇ φλογὶ ταύτῃ	1	I am in anguish in this flame	“I am in terrible pain in this flame” or “I am suffering terribly in this fire”
LUK	16	25	v4lu		τέκνον	1	Child	The rich man was one of Abraham’s descendants.
LUK	16	25	we9w		τὰ ἀγαθά	1	good things	“fine things” or “pleasant things”
LUK	16	25	hwc8		ὁμοίως τὰ κακά	1	in like manner evil things	“in like manner received evil things” or “in like manner received things that caused him to suffer”
LUK	16	25	rv17		ὁμοίως	1	in like manner	This refers the fact that they both received something while they lived on earth. It is not saying that what they received was the same. Alternate translation: “while he was living received”
LUK	16	25	g4js		ὧδε παρακαλεῖται	1	he is comforted here	“he is comfortable here” or “he is happy here”
LUK	16	25	cn8i		ὀδυνᾶσαι	1	are in agony	“suffering”
LUK	16	26	af4h		καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις	1	Besides all these things	“In addition to this reason”
LUK	16	26	tu5w	figs-activepassive	χάσμα μέγα ἐστήρικται	1	a great chasm has been put in place	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God has placed a huge ravine between you and us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	26	g1qn		χάσμα μέγα	1	a great chasm	“a steep, deep and wide valley” or “a big separation” or “a huge ravine”
LUK	16	26	sg6d		οἱ θέλοντες διαβῆναι…μὴ δύνωνται	1	those who want to cross over…are not able	“those people who want to cross over the chasm…cannot” or “if anyone wants to cross over…he cannot”
LUK	16	28	x8xk		ὅπως διαμαρτύρηται αὐτοῖς	1	in order that he might warn them	“so that Lazarus may warn them”
LUK	16	28	y1xn		τὸν τόπον τοῦτον τῆς βασάνου	1	this place of torment	“this place where we suffer torment” or “this place where we suffer terrible pain”
LUK	16	29	n73e			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes telling the story about the rich man and Lazarus.
LUK	16	29	v8eh	figs-explicit	ἔχουσι Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας	1	They have Moses and the prophets	It is implied that Abraham refused to send Lazarus to the rich man’s brothers. This could be stated. Alternate translation: “No, I will not do that, because your brothers have what Moses and the prophets wrote long ago” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	16	29	x8pt	figs-metonymy	Μωϋσέα καὶ τοὺς προφήτας	1	Moses and the prophets	This refers to their writings. Alternate translation: “what Moses and the prophets wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	16	29	l3in		ἀκουσάτωσαν αὐτῶν	1	let them listen to them	“your brothers should pay attention to Moses and the prophets”
LUK	16	30	d84a	figs-hypo	ἐάν τις ἀπὸ νεκρῶν πορευθῇ πρὸς αὐτοὺς	1	if someone would go to them from the dead	This describes a situation that has not happened, but that the rich man would like to happen. Alternate translation: “if a person who has died would go to them” or “if someone who has died would go and warn them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	16	30	r3ez		ἀπὸ νεκρῶν	1	from the dead	From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld.
LUK	16	31	xkr7	figs-metonymy	εἰ Μωϋσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν οὐκ ἀκούουσιν	1	If they do not listen to Moses and the prophets	Here “Moses and the prophets” represent the things that they wrote. Alternate translation: “If they do not pay attention to what Moses and the prophets wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	16	31	n9s4	figs-hypo	οὐδ’ ἐάν τις ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ, πεισθήσονται	1	neither will they be persuaded if someone would rise from the dead	Abraham states what would happen if the hypothetical situation occurred. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “neither will a person who comes back from the dead be able to convince them” or “they will not believe even if a person comes back from the dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	16	31	gf1b		ἐκ νεκρῶν ἀναστῇ	1	would rise from the dead	The words “from the dead” speak of all dead people together in the underworld. To rise from among them is to become alive again.
LUK	17	intro	c4am			0		# Luke 17 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Old Testament Examples<br><br>Jesus used the lives of Noah and of Lot to teach his followers. Noah was ready for the flood when it came, and they needed to be ready for him to return, because he would not warn them when he came. Lot’s wife loved the evil city she had been living in so much that God also punished her when he destroyed it, and they needed to love Jesus more than anything else,<br><br>Those who read your translation may need help so they can understand what Jesus was teaching here.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Hypothetical situations<br><br>Hypothetical situations are situations that have not actually happened. Jesus used a special type of hypothetical situation to teach that what will happen to those who cause others to sin will be worse than being drowned ([Luke 19:1-2](./01.md)) and another to scold the disciples because they had little faith ([Luke 19:6](../../luk/19/06.md)). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])<br><br>### Rhetorical Questions<br><br>Jesus asked his disciples three questions ([Luke 17:7-9](./07.md)) to teach them that even those who serve him well are righteous only because of his grace. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/grace]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 17:22](../../luk/17/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. A paradox occurs in this chapter: “Whoever seeks to gain his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life will save it” ([Luke 17:33](../../luk/17/33.md)).<br>
LUK	17	1	ls87			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues teaching, but he directs his attention back to his disciples. This is still the same part of the story and the same day that began in [Luke 15:3](../15/03.md).
LUK	17	1	ej1e		ἀνένδεκτόν ἐστιν τοῦ τὰ σκάνδαλα μὴ ἐλθεῖν	1	It is impossible for the stumblingblocks not to come	“Things that tempt people to sin will certainly happen”
LUK	17	1	zck5		οὐαὶ δι’ οὗ ἔρχεται!	1	woe to the one through whom they come!	“to anyone who causes the temptations to come” or “to any person who causes people to be tempted”
LUK	17	2	dvz5	figs-explicit	λυσιτελεῖ αὐτῷ εἰ λίθος μυλικὸς περίκειται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔρριπται εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, ἢ ἵνα σκανδαλίσῃ τῶν μικρῶν τούτων ἕνα	1	It would be better for him if a millstone were put around his neck and he were thrown into the sea than that he should cause one of these little ones to stumble.	You may need to make explicit that it is the punishment for causing people to sin that Jesus is comparing to being thrown into the sea. Alternate translation: “I will not punish him a little by putting a millstone around his neck and throwing him into the sea. Instead, I will punish him much. This is because he has caused one of these little ones to stumble.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	2	bf3k	figs-hypo	λυσιτελεῖ αὐτῷ εἰ	1	It would be better for him if	This introduces a hypothetical situation. It means that this person’s punishment for causing people to sin will be worse than if they had drowned in the sea. No one has put a stone around his neck, and Jesus is not saying that anyone will do so. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	17	2	uk6e	figs-activepassive	λίθος μυλικὸς περίκειται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔρριπται	1	a millstone were put around his neck and he were thrown	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “if they were to put a millstone around his neck and throw him” or “if someone were to put a heavy stone around his neck and push him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	2	uj1r	figs-gendernotations	αὐτῷ…τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ…ἔρριπται…σκανδαλίσῃ	1	for him…his neck…he were thrown…he should cause to stumble	These words can refer to anyone, to women as well as to men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK	17	2	gr89		λίθος μυλικὸς	1	a millstone	This is a very large, heavy circular stone used for grinding wheat grain into flour. Alternate translation: “a heavy stone”
LUK	17	2	xm7x		τῶν μικρῶν τούτων	1	these little ones	This here refers to people whose faith is still weak. Alternate translation: “these people whose faith is small”
LUK	17	2	k9xl		σκανδαλίσῃ	1	he should cause to stumble	This was a way of referring to unintentional sin. Alternate translation: “to sin”
LUK	17	3	hyn8		ἐὰν ἁμάρτῃ ὁ ἀδελφός σου	1	If your brother sins	This is a conditional statement that talks about an event that will probably happen in the future.
LUK	17	3	kkp3		ὁ ἀδελφός σου	1	your brother	“brother” is here used in the sense of someone with the same belief. Alternate translation: “a fellow believer”
LUK	17	3	p35i		ἐπιτίμησον αὐτῷ	1	rebuke him	“tell him strongly that what he did was wrong” or “correct him”
LUK	17	4	x8a3	figs-hypo	καὶ ἐὰν ἑπτάκις…ἁμαρτήσῃ εἰς σὲ	1	If he sins against you seven times	This is a hypothetical future situation. It may never happen, but even if it does, Jesus tells people to forgive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	17	4	k5va	figs-explicit	ἑπτάκις τῆς ἡμέρας…καὶ ἑπτάκις	1	seven times in the day, and seven times	The number seven in the Bible is a symbol for completeness. Alternate translation: “many times in a day, and each time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	5	s4dy			0	General Information:	There is a brief break in Jesus’ teachings as the disciples speak to him. Then Jesus continues teaching.
LUK	17	5	pji3		πρόσθες ἡμῖν πίστιν	1	Increase our faith	“Please give us more faith” or “Please add more faith to our faith”
LUK	17	6	ep7z	figs-simile	εἰ ἔχετε πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως, ἐλέγετε ἂν	1	If you had faith like a mustard seed, you would say	A mustard seed is a very small seed. Jesus implies that they do not have even a small amount of faith. Alternate translation: “If you had faith that was even as small as a mustard seed, you” or “Your faith is not as big as a mustard seed—but if it were, you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	6	i31l	translate-unknown	συκαμίνῳ	1	mulberry tree	If this type of tree is not familiar, it may be helpful to substitute another type of tree. Alternate translation: “fig tree” or “tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	17	6	ky7z	figs-activepassive	ἐκριζώθητι καὶ φυτεύθητι ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ	1	Be uprooted, and be planted in the sea	These can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Uproot yourself and plant yourself in the sea” or “Take your roots out of the ground, and put your roots down into the ocean” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	6	g53n		ὑπήκουσεν ἂν ὑμῖν	1	it would obey you	“the tree would obey you.” This result is conditional. It would happen only if they had faith.
LUK	17	7	dk3q	figs-rquestion	τίς δὲ ἐξ ὑμῶν…ἐρεῖ…ἀνάπεσε?	1	But which of you…will say…recline at table’?	Jesus asks his disciples a question to help them think about the role of a servant. This could be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But none of you who…sheep would say…sit down to eat.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	17	7	va34		δοῦλον…ἀροτριῶντα ἢ ποιμαίνοντα	1	a servant plowing or keeping sheep	“a servant that plows your field or takes care of your sheep”
LUK	17	8	iw9j	figs-rquestion	ἀλλ’ οὐχὶ ἐρεῖ αὐτῷ…φάγεσαι καὶ πίεσαι σύ?	1	Instead, will he not say to him…you will eat and drink’?	Jesus uses a second question explain how the disciples would actually treat a servant. This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “He will certainly say to him…eat and drink’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	17	8	kr7u	figs-explicit	περιζωσάμενος διακόνει μοι	1	put a belt around your clothes and serve me	“tie your clothes at your waist and serve me” or “dress up properly and take care of me.” People would tie their clothes closely around their waist so that their clothes would not get in their way while they worked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	8	ds77		καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα	1	and after these things	“Then after you serve me”
LUK	17	9	sby7			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes teaching. This is the end of this part of the story.
LUK	17	9	jn5s	figs-rquestion	μὴ ἔχει χάριν τῷ δούλῳ…ἐποίησεν	1	He does not thank the servant…were commanded, does he?	Jesus uses this question to show how people treat servants. This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “He would not thank the servant…commanded.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	17	9	a1fm	figs-activepassive	τὰ διαταχθέντα	1	the things that were commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things you commanded him to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	9	qs51		μὴ ἔχει χάριν	1	does not…does he?	“right?” or “is this not true?”
LUK	17	10	kze9	figs-you	καὶ ὑμεῖς	1	you also	Jesus was speaking to his disciples, so languages that have a plural form of “you” would use it. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	17	10	ub27	figs-activepassive	τὰ διαταχθέντα ὑμῖν	1	the things that you were commanded	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that God has commanded you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	10	dga7	figs-hyperbole	δοῦλοι ἀχρεῖοί ἐσμεν	1	We are unworthy servants	This is an exaggeration to express that they did not do anything worthy of praise. Alternate translation: “We are ordinary slaves” or “We servants do not deserve your praise” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	17	11	zv5b	writing-background		0	General Information:	Jesus heals 10 men of leprosy. Verses 11 and 12 give background information and the setting of the event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	17	11	g442	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it came about that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	17	11	f5rk		ἐν τῷ πορεύεσθαι εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ	1	as he went up to Jerusalem	“as Jesus and the disciples were traveling to Jerusalem”
LUK	17	12	h924		τινα κώμην	1	a certain village	This phrase does not identify the village.
LUK	17	12	d9mg	figs-activepassive	ἀπήντησαν δέκα λεπροὶ ἄνδρες	1	ten men who were lepers met him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “ten men who were lepers met him” or “ten men who had leprosy met him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	12	i1sc	figs-explicit	οἳ ἔστησαν πόρρωθεν	1	They stood far away from him	This was a respectful gesture, because lepers were not allowed to approach other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	13	l1j4	figs-idiom	αὐτοὶ ἦραν φωνὴν	1	they lifted up their voices	The idiom “to lift up one’s voice” means to speak loudly. Alternate translation: “they called with loud voices” or “they called aloud” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	17	13	fsn5	figs-explicit	ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς	1	have mercy on us	They were specifically asking to be healed. Alternate translation: “please show us mercy by healing us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	14	mrx8	figs-explicit	ἐπιδείξατε ἑαυτοὺς τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν	1	show yourselves to the priests	Lepers were required to have the priests verify that their leprosy was healed. Alternate translation: “show yourselves to the priests so they can examine you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	14	jpk2	figs-explicit	ἐκαθαρίσθησαν	1	they were cleansed	When people were healed, they were no longer ceremonially unclean. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they were healed of their leprosy and so became clean” or “they were cured of their leprosy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	15	tdt1		ἰδὼν ὅτι ἰάθη	1	seeing that he was healed	“realized that he was healed” or “realized that Jesus had healed him”
LUK	17	15	x5ja		ὑπέστρεψεν	1	turned back	“he went back to Jesus”
LUK	17	15	pe1z		μετὰ φωνῆς μεγάλης δοξάζων τὸν Θεόν	1	with a loud voice glorifying God	“and glorified God loudly”
LUK	17	16	ca9n	translate-symaction	καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	1	He fell on his face at the feet of Jesus	“he knelt down and put his face close to Jesus’ feet.” He did this to honor Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	17	17	i6cu			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of the part of the story about Jesus healing the 10 lepers.
LUK	17	17	hfa2	figs-explicit	ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν	1	Then Jesus answered and said	Jesus responded to what the man did, but he was speaking to the group of people around him. Alternate translation: “So Jesus said to the crowd” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	17	cvb2	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ οἱ δέκα ἐκαθαρίσθησαν?	1	Were not the ten cleansed?	This is the first of three rhetorical questions. Jesus used them to show the people around him how surprised and disappointed he was that only one of the ten men came back to glorify God. Alternate translation: “Ten men were healed.” or “God healed ten men.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	17	17	w8y3	figs-rquestion	οἱ δὲ ἐννέα ποῦ?	1	But where are the nine?	“Why did not the other nine come back?” This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “The other nine men should have come back, too.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	17	18	rxh9	figs-rquestion	οὐχ εὑρέθησαν ὑποστρέψαντες δοῦναι δόξαν τῷ Θεῷ, εἰ μὴ ὁ ἀλλογενὴς οὗτος?	1	Were there no others who returned to give glory to God, except this foreigner?	This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “No one but this foreigner came back to give glory to God!” or “God healed ten men, yet only this foreigner came back to give glory to God!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	17	18	x64q		ὁ ἀλλογενὴς οὗτος	1	this foreigner	Samaritans had non-Jewish ancestors and they did not worship God in the same way that the Jews did.
LUK	17	19	n2ce	figs-abstractnouns	ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε	1	Your faith has made you well	“Because of your faith you have become well.” The idea of “faith” can be expressed with the verb “believe.” Alternate translation: “Because you believe, you are well again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	17	20	v1jb			0	General Information:	We do not know where this event takes place; it simply happens one day when Jesus is talking with the Pharisees.
LUK	17	20	lvu1	writing-newevent	ἐπερωτηθεὶς δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν Φαρισαίων πότε ἔρχεται ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	Now being asked by the Pharisees when the kingdom of God would come,	This is the beginning of a new event. Some translations start it with “One day” or “Once.” It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “One day the Pharisees asked Jesus, ‘When will the kingdom of God come?’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	17	20	yc3i	figs-explicit	οὐκ ἔρχεται ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ μετὰ παρατηρήσεως	1	The kingdom of God does not come with careful observing	People thought that they would be able to see signs of the kingdom coming. The idea of signs can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “The kingdom of God does not come with signs that people can observe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	21	xpi7	figs-abstractnouns	ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐντὸς ὑμῶν ἐστιν	1	the kingdom of God is in the midst of you	The idea of the noun “kingdom” can be expressed with the verb “rules.” Alternate translation: “God rules within you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	17	21	xj7z		ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐντὸς ὑμῶν ἐστιν	1	the kingdom of God is in the midst of you	Jesus was speaking to the religious leaders who were hostile to him. Possible meanings are 1) the word “you” refers to people in general. Alternate translation: “the kingdom of God is within people” or 2) the word translated “within” means “among.” Alternate translation: “the kingdom of God is among you”
LUK	17	22	e8uu			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to teach his disciples.
LUK	17	22	x3y2	figs-metaphor	ἐλεύσονται ἡμέραι ὅτε	1	The days will come when	The idea of days coming represents something being soon. Alternate translation: “A time is coming when” or “Soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	17	22	v2i3		ἐπιθυμήσετε…ἰδεῖν	1	you will desire to see	“you will want very much to see” or “you will wish to experience”
LUK	17	22	ly8x	figs-explicit	μίαν τῶν ἡμερῶν τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	one of the days of the Son of Man	This refers to the kingdom of God. Alternate translation: “one of the days when the Son of Man will rule as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	22	z11c	figs-123person	τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus is speaking about himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	17	22	x7sq		καὶ οὐκ ὄψεσθε	1	but you will not see it	“you will not experience it”
LUK	17	23	dp8g	figs-explicit	ἰδοὺ, ἐκεῖ, ἤ, ἰδοὺ, ὧδε	1	‘Look, there!’ or’Look, here!’	This refers to seeking the Messiah. Alternate translation: “Look, the Messiah is over there! He is over here!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	23	kjy2	figs-explicit	μὴ ἀπέλθητε μηδὲ διώξητε	1	do not go out or run after them	The purpose of going out can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “do not go with them to look” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	24	i5rz	figs-simile	ὥσπερ γὰρ ἡ ἀστραπὴ ἀστράπτουσα…λάμπει	1	for as the flashing lightning shines	The coming of the Son of Man will be clear and sudden, like the appearance of lightning. Alternate translation: “for as the lightning is visible to everyone when it appears and” or “for as the lightning appears suddenly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	17	24	h9tv	figs-explicit	οὕτως ἔσται ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	so will the Son of Man be	This refers to the future kingdom of God. Alternate translation: “it will be like that on the day when the Son of Man comes to reign” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	25	csa3	figs-123person	πρῶτον δὲ δεῖ αὐτὸν…παθεῖν	1	But first he must suffer	“But first the Son of Man must suffer.” Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	17	25	dp8a	figs-activepassive	ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης	1	be rejected by this generation	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people of this generation must reject him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	26	d2ne		καὶ καθὼς ἐγένετο…οὕτως ἔσται καὶ	1	As it happened…even so will it also happen	“As people were doing things…even so people will be doing the same things”
LUK	17	26	v1sr		ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Νῶε	1	in the days of Noah	The “days of Noah” refers to the time during Noah’s life just before God punished the people of the world. Alternate translation: “when Noah was living”
LUK	17	26	ktl1		ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	in the days of the Son of Man	The “days of the Son of Man” refers to the period just before the Son of Man will come. Alternate translation: “when the Son of Man is about to come”
LUK	17	27	eu24		ἤσθιον, ἔπινον, ἐγάμουν, ἐγαμίζοντο	1	They were eating, they were drinking, they were marrying, they were giving in marriage	People were doing ordinary things. They did not know or care that God was about to judge them.
LUK	17	27	uh5k	figs-activepassive	ἐγαμίζοντο	1	they were giving in marriage	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “parents were allowing their daughters to marry men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	27	hb8s		τὴν κιβωτόν	1	the ark	“the ship” or “the barge”
LUK	17	27	qt8b		ἀπώλεσεν πάντας	1	destroyed them all	This does not include Noah and his family who were in the ark. Alternate translation: “destroyed all those who were not in the boat”
LUK	17	28	u93v		ἤσθιον, ἔπινον	1	They were eating, they were drinking	“the people of Sodom were eating and drinking”
LUK	17	29	gp77		ἔβρεξεν πῦρ καὶ θεῖον ἀπ’ οὐρανοῦ	1	it rained fire and sulfur from heaven	“fire and burning sulfur fell from the sky like rain”
LUK	17	29	skp4		ἀπώλεσεν πάντας	1	destroyed them all	This does not include Lot and his family. Alternate translation: “destroyed all those who stayed in the city”
LUK	17	30	w3uh	figs-explicit	κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἔσται	1	It will be according to the same manner	“It will be like that.” Alternate translation: “In the same way people will not be ready” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	30	v9ki	figs-activepassive	ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ, ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἀποκαλύπτεται	1	in the day that the Son of Man is revealed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “when the Son of Man appears” or “when the Son of man comes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	30	pfe1	figs-123person	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἀποκαλύπτεται	1	the Son of Man is revealed	Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man, am revealed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	17	31	i9eq		ὃς ἔσται ἐπὶ τοῦ δώματος…μὴ καταβάτω	1	the one who is on the housetop…do not let him go down	“whoever is on the housetop must not go down” or “if anyone is on his housetop, he must not go down”
LUK	17	31	ep81		ἐπὶ τοῦ δώματος	1	on the housetop	Their housetops were flat and people could walk or sit on them.
LUK	17	31	jj9c		τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ	1	his goods	“his possessions” or “his things”
LUK	17	31	suh5	figs-explicit	ἐπιστρεψάτω εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω	1	let him turn back	They were not to go back to the house to get anything. They were to flee quickly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	32	fz8m	figs-ellipsis	μνημονεύετε τῆς γυναικὸς Λώτ	1	Remember Lot’s wife	“Remember what happened to Lot’s wife” This is a warning. She looked back toward Sodom and God punished her along with the people of Sodom. Alternate translation: “Do not do what Lot’s wife did”(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	17	33	d9fl		ὃς ἐὰν ζητήσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ περιποιήσασθαι, ἀπολέσει αὐτήν	1	Whoever seeks to gain his life will lose it	“People who try save their lives will lose them” or “Whoever tries to save his old way of life will lose his life”
LUK	17	33	kvw6		ὃς δ’ ἂν ἀπολέσει, ζῳογονήσει αὐτήν	1	but whoever loses it will save it	“but people who lose their lives will save them” or “but whoever abandons his old way of life will save his life”
LUK	17	34	p84l		λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I tell you	As Jesus continues to address his disciples, he emphasizes the importance of what he is telling them.
LUK	17	34	j3b6		ταύτῃ τῇ νυκτὶ	1	in that night	This refers to what will happen if he, the Son of Man, comes during the night.
LUK	17	34	c8ba		ἔσονται δύο ἐπὶ κλίνης μιᾶς	1	there will be two people in one bed	The emphasis is not on these two people, but on the fact that some people will be taken away and the others will be left.
LUK	17	34	at99		κλίνης	1	bed	“couch” or “cot”
LUK	17	34	e9hj	figs-activepassive	ὁ εἷς παραλημφθήσεται, καὶ ὁ ἕτερος ἀφεθήσεται	1	One will be taken, and the other will be left	“One person will be taken and the other person will be left behind.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will take one person and leave the other” or “Angels will take one and leave behind the other” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	17	35	il9v		ἔσονται δύο ἀλήθουσαι ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό	1	There will be two women grinding at the same place	The emphasis is not on these two women or their activity, but on the fact that some people will be taken away and the others will be left.
LUK	17	35	t4zn		ἀλήθουσαι ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό	1	grinding together	“grinding grain together”
LUK	17	37	c54n			0	General Information:	The disciples ask Jesus a question about his teaching and he answers them.
LUK	17	37	wmg6		ποῦ, Κύριε?	1	Where, Lord?	“Lord, where will this happen?”
LUK	17	37	fen1	writing-proverbs	ὅπου τὸ σῶμα, ἐκεῖ καὶ οἱ ἀετοὶ ἐπισυναχθήσονται	1	Where the body is, there also the vultures will be gathered together	Apparently this is a proverb that means “It will be obvious” or “You will know it when it happens.” Alternate translation: “As vultures gathering shows that there is a dead body, so these things show that the Son of Man is coming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-proverbs]])
LUK	17	37	m6ca	translate-unknown	οἱ ἀετοὶ	1	the vultures	Vultures are large birds that fly together and eat the flesh of dead animals that they find. You could describe these birds this way or use the word for local birds that do this. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	18	intro	v92v			0		# Luke 18 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Jesus told two parables ([Luke 18:1-8](./01.md) and [Luke 18:9-14](./09.md)) and then taught that his followers were to be humble ([Luke 18:15-17](./15.md)), to use everything they owned to help the poor ([Luke 18:18-30](./18.md)), and to expect him to die soon ([Luke 18:31-34](./31.md)), Then they all began to walk to Jerusalem, and Jesus healed a blind man ([Luke 18:35-43](./35.md)).<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Judges<br><br>People expected judges always to do what God said was right and to make sure that other people did what was right. But some judges did not care about doing right or making sure others did right. Jesus called this kind of judge unjust. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/justice]])<br><br>### Pharisees and tax collectors<br><br>The Pharisees thought that they themselves were the best examples of righteous good people, and they thought that tax collectors were the most unrighteous sinners. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 18:8](../../luk/18/08.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br>
LUK	18	1	r26t	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to tell a parable as he continues to teach his disciples. This is the same part of the story that began in [Luke 17:20](../17/20.md). Verse 1 gives us a description of the parable Jesus is about to tell. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	18	1	w7ar		ἔλεγεν δὲ	1	Then he spoke	“Then Jesus”
LUK	18	2	l2qr		λέγων	1	saying	A new sentence could begin here: “He said”
LUK	18	2	ph5w	writing-intro	τινι πόλει	1	a certain city	Here “certain city” is a way to let the listener know that the narrative that follows takes place in a city, but the name of the city itself is not important. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-intro]])
LUK	18	2	d77j		ἄνθρωπον μὴ ἐντρεπόμενος	1	did not respect people	“did not care about other people”
LUK	18	3	ie2v	writing-participants	χήρα δὲ ἦν	1	Now there was a widow	Jesus uses this phrase to introduce a new character to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	18	3	jhk6		χήρα	1	a widow	A widow is a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried. Jesus’ hearers would have thought of her as a person who had no one to protect her from those who wanted to harm her.
LUK	18	3	xfg3		ἤρχετο πρὸς αὐτὸν	1	she came often to him	The word “him” refers to the judge.
LUK	18	3	kj2l		ἐκδίκησόν με ἀπὸ	1	Give justice to me against	“Give me a just ruling against”
LUK	18	3	xc7k		τοῦ ἀντιδίκου μου	1	my opponent	“my enemy” or “the person who is trying to harm me.” This is an opponent in a lawsuit. It is not clear whether the widow is suing the man or the man is suing the widow.
LUK	18	4	bh3q	figs-gendernotations	ἄνθρωπον	1	man	This refers here to “people” in general. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])
LUK	18	5	v9uu		παρέχειν μοι κόπον	1	causes me trouble	“bothers me”
LUK	18	5	cf4e		ὑπωπιάζῃ με	1	she will wear me out	“exhaust me”
LUK	18	5	ub29		εἰς τέλος ἐρχομένη	1	by continually coming	“by continually coming to me”
LUK	18	6	ku2r			0	General Information:	Jesus has finished telling his parable and is now commenting about it to his disciples.
LUK	18	6	die9			0	Connecting Statement:	These verses should be seen as an explanation of the parable in [Luke 18:1-5](../18/01.md).
LUK	18	6	t9mg		ἀκούσατε τί ὁ κριτὴς τῆς ἀδικίας λέγει	1	Listen to what the unjust judge says	“Think about what the unjust judge just said.” Translate this in a way that people will understand that Jesus has already told what the judge said.
LUK	18	7	qd49		δὲ	1	Now	This word indicates that Jesus has ended the parable and has started explaining its meaning.
LUK	18	7	t1sk	figs-rquestion	ὁ…Θεὸς οὐ μὴ ποιήσῃ…νυκτός	1	will not God also bring about…night?	Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “God will also certainly…night!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	18	7	e2lv		τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν αὐτοῦ	1	for his elect	“the people he has chosen”
LUK	18	7	ljb4	figs-rquestion	μακροθυμεῖ ἐπ’ αὐτοῖς?	1	Will he delay long over them?	Jesus uses a question to teach the disciples. This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “He will certainly not delay long over them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	18	8	zi1f	figs-rquestion	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἐλθὼν, ἆρα εὑρήσει τὴν πίστιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς?	1	when the Son of Man comes, will he indeed find faith on the earth?	Jesus asks this question so that his hearers will stop thinking that God is slow to help those who call to him for justice and will understand that the real problem is that they do not truly have faith in God. Alternate translation: “when the Son of Man comes, you need to be sure that he will find that you truly have faith in him.” or “when the Son of Man comes, he will find few on earth who believe.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	18	8	inw3	figs-123person	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ἐλθὼν, ἆρα εὑρήσει	1	the Son of Man comes, will he indeed find	Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man come, will I indeed find” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	18	9	n2b5	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to tell another parable to some other people who were persuaded that they themselves were righteous. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	18	9	kd34		εἶπεν δὲ	1	Then he spoke	“Then Jesus”
LUK	18	9	pmp1		πρός τινας	1	to some	“to some people”
LUK	18	9	b6zy		τοὺς πεποιθότας ἐφ’ ἑαυτοῖς, ὅτι εἰσὶν δίκαιοι	1	who were persuaded in themselves that they were righteous	“who had convinced themselves that they were righteous” or “who thought they were righteous”
LUK	18	9	rs6q		ἐξουθενοῦντας	1	who despised	strongly disliked or hated
LUK	18	10	qp39		εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν	1	into the temple	“into the temple courtyard”
LUK	18	11	mi9g		ὁ Φαρισαῖος σταθεὶς ταῦτα πρὸς ἑαυτὸν προσηύχετο	1	The Pharisee stood and was praying this to himself	The meaning of the Greek text of this phrase is not clear. Possible meanings are 1) “The Pharisee stood and prayed about himself in this way” or 2) “The Pharisee stood by himself and prayed.”
LUK	18	11	lud3		ἅρπαγες	1	robbers	Robbers are people who steal from other people by forcing the other people to give things to them, or by threatening to harm them if they refuse to give what the robbers ask for.
LUK	18	11	z78w	figs-explicit	ἢ καὶ ὡς οὗτος ὁ τελώνης	1	or even like this tax collector	The Pharisees believed that tax collectors were as sinful as robbers, unrighteous people, and adulterers. This could be made explicit. Alternate translation: “and I am certainly not like this sinful tax collector who cheats people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	18	12	ru63		πάντα, ὅσα κτῶμαι	1	of all that I get	“everything I earn”
LUK	18	13	c2wf			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus has finished telling his parable. In verse 14, he comments about what the parable teaches.
LUK	18	13	c37t		μακρόθεν ἑστὼς	1	standing at a distance	“stood away from the Pharisee.” This was a sign of humility. He did not feel worthy to be near the Pharisee.
LUK	18	13	qtt7	figs-idiom	τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐπᾶραι εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν	1	lift up his eyes to heaven	To “lift up his eyes” means to look at something. Alternate translation: “look toward heaven” or “look upward” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	18	13	c7x7	translate-symaction	ἔτυπτε τὸ στῆθος αὐτοῦ	1	was beating his breast	This is a physical expression of great sorrow, and shows this man’s repentance and humility. Alternate translation: “hit his breast to show his sorrow” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	18	13	mx5p		ὁ Θεός, ἱλάσθητί μοι, τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ	1	God, have mercy on me, the sinner	“God, please be merciful to me. I am a sinner” or “God, please have mercy on me even though I have committed many sins”
LUK	18	14	s1yr	figs-explicit	κατέβη οὗτος δεδικαιωμένος εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	1	this man went back down to his house justified	He was justified because God forgave his sin. Alternate translation: “God forgave the tax collector” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	18	14	qrg3	figs-explicit	παρ’ ἐκεῖνον	1	rather than the other	“rather than the other man” or “and not the other man.” Alternate translation: “but God did not forgive the Pharisee” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	18	14	k9xf		ὅτι πᾶς ὁ ὑψῶν ἑαυτὸν	1	because everyone who exalts himself	With this phrase, Jesus switches from the story to state the general principle that the story illustrates.
LUK	18	14	n7xr	figs-activepassive	ταπεινωθήσεται	1	will be humbled	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will humble” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	14	uuc5	figs-activepassive	ὑψωθήσεται	1	will be exalted	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will greatly honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	15	udh7			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in the part of the story which began in [Luke 17:20](../17/20.md). Jesus welcomes the children and talks about them.
LUK	18	15	fuj3		αὐτῶν ἅπτηται…δὲ	1	might touch them, but	This could also be translated as separate sentences: “touch them. But”
LUK	18	15	kxd9		ἐπετίμων αὐτοῖς	1	they were rebuking them	“the disciples tried to stop the parents from bringing their children to Jesus”
LUK	18	16	y3qg		ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς προσεκαλέσατο αὐτὰ	1	But Jesus called them to him	“Jesus told the people to bring their infants to him”
LUK	18	16	j8x3	figs-parallelism	ἄφετε τὰ παιδία ἔρχεσθαι πρός με, καὶ μὴ κωλύετε αὐτά	1	Permit the little children to come to me, and do not forbid them	These two sentences have similar meaning and they are combined for emphasis. Some languages emphasize in a different way. Alternate translation: “You must certainly allow the children to come to me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	18	16	u7sq	figs-simile	τῶν γὰρ τοιούτων ἐστὶν	1	For…belongs to such ones	This could be stated as a simile. Alternate translation: “belongs to people who are like these little children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	18	17	p5lq		ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Truly I say to you	“Surely I say to you.” Jesus used this expression to emphasize the importance of what he was about to say.
LUK	18	17	ar8e	figs-simile	ὃς ἂν μὴ δέξηται τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ ὡς παιδίον, οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς αὐτήν	1	whoever will not receive the kingdom of God like a child will definitely not enter into it	God requires people to accept his rule over them with trust and humility. Alternate translation: “whoever wants to enter God’s kingdom must receive it with trust and humility like a child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	18	18	f96l			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in the part of the story which began in [Luke 17:20](../17/20.md). Jesus begins to talk with a ruler about entering the kingdom of heaven.
LUK	18	18	a5qz	writing-participants	τις…ἄρχων	1	a certain ruler	This introduces a new character in the story. It only identifies him by his position. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	18	18	d6kf		τί ποιήσας	1	what must I do	“what do I need to do” or “what is required of me”
LUK	18	18	xrs8	figs-metaphor	ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσω	1	inherit eternal life	“receive life that does not end.” The term “inherit” usually refers to the property that a man left to his children when he dies. Therefore, this metaphor may mean he understood himself to be a child of God and desired for God to give him eternal life. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	18	19	fxi2	figs-rquestion	τί με λέγεις ἀγαθόν? οὐδεὶς ἀγαθὸς, εἰ μὴ εἷς ὁ Θεός	1	Why do you call me good? No one is good, except God alone	Jesus asks the question because he knows that the ruler will not like Jesus’ answer to the ruler’s question in verse 18. Jesus does not expect the ruler to answer Jesus’ question. Jesus wants the ruler to understand that Jesus’ answer to the ruler’s question comes from God, who alone is good. Alternate translation: “You know that no one is good, except God alone, so to call me good is to compare me with God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	18	20	a9te		μὴ φονεύσῃς	1	do not kill	“do not murder”
LUK	18	21	m5qf		ταῦτα πάντα	1	All these things	“All of these commandments”
LUK	18	22	e8il		ἀκούσας δὲ, ὁ Ἰησοῦς	1	When Jesus heard that	“When Jesus heard the man say that”
LUK	18	22	hzv4		εἶπεν αὐτῷ	1	he said to him	“he answered him”
LUK	18	22	t2cw		ἔτι ἕν σοι λείπει	1	One thing you still lack	“You still need to do one more thing” or “There is one thing that you have not yet done”
LUK	18	22	d3ar		πάντα ὅσα ἔχεις, πώλησον	1	You must sell all that you have	“sell all your possessions” or “sell everything that you own”
LUK	18	22	c4s5		διάδος πτωχοῖς	1	distribute it to the poor	“give away the money to the poor people”
LUK	18	22	hy6a		δεῦρο, ἀκολούθει μοι	1	come, follow me	“come with me as my disciple”
LUK	18	24	qcm7	figs-exclamations	πῶς δυσκόλως…τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	How difficult it is…the kingdom of God!	This is an exclamation, and not a question. Alternate translation: “It is so very hard…kingdom of God!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])
LUK	18	25	hdz1	figs-hyperbole	κάμηλον διὰ τρήματος βελόνης εἰσελθεῖν	1	a camel to go through a needle’s eye	It is impossible for a camel to fit through the eye of a needle. Jesus was probably using hyperbole to mean it is extremely difficult for a rich man to enter God’s kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	18	25	j7x3		τρήματος βελόνης	1	a needle’s eye	The needle’s eye is the hole in a sewing needle through which the thread is passed.
LUK	18	26	ycm3		οἱ ἀκούσαντες	1	those who heard it	“The people who listening to Jesus said”
LUK	18	26	vu3z	figs-rquestion	καὶ τίς δύναται σωθῆναι?	1	Then who can be saved?	It is possible that they were asking for an answer. But it is more likely that they used the question to emphasize their surprise at what Jesus said. Alternate translation: “Then no one can be saved from sin!” or in active form: “Then God will not save anyone!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	27	ms9b		τὰ ἀδύνατα παρὰ ἀνθρώποις, δυνατὰ παρὰ τῷ Θεῷ ἐστιν	1	The things which are impossible with people are possible with God	“people cannot do are possible for God to do” or “people cannot do, God can do”
LUK	18	28	j3dz			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of the conversation about entering the kingdom of heaven.
LUK	18	28	znu6		ἰδοὺ, ἡμεῖς	1	Look, we	This phrase refers only to the disciples, and contrasts them with the rich ruler.
LUK	18	28	y53q		ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν	1	we have left	“we have given up” or “we have left behind”
LUK	18	28	yk9b		πάντα	1	everything	“all our wealth” or “all our possessions”
LUK	18	29	vz2w		ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Truly, I say to you	Jesus uses this expression to stress the importance of what he is about to say.
LUK	18	29	sk6z		οὐδείς ἐστιν ὃς	1	there is no one who	This expression is intended to include not only the disciples, but also everyone else who has made the same sacrifices.
LUK	18	30	s6rp	figs-doublenegatives	ὃς οὐχὶ μὴ ἀπολάβῃ	1	who will not receive	This is the end of the sentence that begins with the words “there is no one who has left…kingdom of God” (verse 28). This could be stated in positive form. “everyone who has left…kingdom of God will receive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
LUK	18	30	d3xa		ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ ἐρχομένῳ, ζωὴν αἰώνιον	1	in the world to come, eternal life	“also eternal life in the world to come”
LUK	18	31	qqp5			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in this part of the story that began in [Luke 17:20](../17/20.md). Jesus is talking to his disciples alone.
LUK	18	31	pwk9		παραλαβὼν δὲ τοὺς δώδεκα	1	Then having taken aside the twelve	Jesus took the twelve disciples to a place away from other people where they could be alone.
LUK	18	31	g4yx		ἰδοὺ	1	See	This indicates a significant change in the ministry of Jesus as he goes to Jerusalem for the final time.
LUK	18	31	pg4k	figs-activepassive	τὰ γεγραμμένα διὰ τῶν προφητῶν	1	that have been written by the prophets	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that the prophets have written” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	31	ss78		τῶν προφητῶν	1	the prophets	This refers to the Old Testament prophets.
LUK	18	31	zj2x	figs-123person	τῷ Υἱῷ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus speaks of himself as “the Son of Man.” Alternate translation: “me, the Son of Man,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	18	31	i5ya	figs-activepassive	τελεσθήσεται	1	will be accomplished	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will happen” or “will occur” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	32	h2a3	figs-activepassive	παραδοθήσεται γὰρ τοῖς ἔθνεσιν	1	For he will be handed over to the Gentiles	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “For the Jewish leaders will give him over to the Gentiles” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	32	es98	figs-123person	παραδοθήσεται	1	he will be handed over	Jesus speaks of himself as “the Son of Man.” Alternate translation: “I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	18	32	hc2k	figs-activepassive	ἐμπαιχθήσεται, καὶ ὑβρισθήσεται, καὶ ἐμπτυσθήσεται	1	will be mocked, and shamefully treated, and spit upon	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “they will mock him, treat him shamefully, and spit on him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	33	u86r	figs-123person	αὐτόν…ἀναστήσεται	1	him…he will rise again	Jesus speaks of himself as “the Son of Man.” Alternate translation: “me…me…I” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	18	33	fie4	translate-ordinal	τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τρίτῃ	1	on the third day	This refers to the third day after his death. However, the disciples did not yet understand this, so it is best not to add this explanation when translating this verse. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	18	34	b8ug	writing-endofstory		0	General Information:	This verse is not part of the main story line, but rather a comment about this part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	18	34	bm7h		καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐδὲν τούτων συνῆκαν	1	But they understood none of these things	“They did not understand any of these things”
LUK	18	34	b29z		τούτων	1	these things	This refers to Jesus’ description of how he would suffer and die in Jerusalem, and that he would rise from the dead.
LUK	18	34	fn58	figs-activepassive	ἦν τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο κεκρυμμένον ἀπ’ αὐτῶν	1	this word was hidden from them	This can be stated in active form, but it is not clear whether it is God or Jesus who hid the word from them. Alternate translation: “Jesus hid his message from them” or “God prevented them from understanding the meaning of what Jesus was telling them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	34	qx2n	figs-activepassive	τὰ λεγόμενα	1	the things that were spoken	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that Jesus said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	35	v8cd	writing-background		0	General Information:	Jesus heals a blind man as he approaches Jericho. These verses give background information and information about the setting of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	18	35	w3sw	writing-newevent	ἐγένετο δὲ	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	18	35	dyf9	writing-participants	τυφλός τις ἐκάθητο	1	a certain blind man was sitting	“there was a blind man sitting.” Here “certain” means only that the man is an important new participant to the story but Luke does not mention his name. He is a new participant in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	18	36	t35v		ἀκούσας δὲ	1	Now hearing	It may be helpful to start a new sentence here. Alternate translation: “When he heard”
LUK	18	37	ckr3		ἀπήγγειλαν δὲ αὐτῷ	1	So they told him	“People in the crowd told the blind man”
LUK	18	37	ku9j		Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος	1	Jesus of Nazareth	Jesus came from the town of Nazareth, which was located in Galilee.
LUK	18	37	l38f		παρέρχεται	1	is passing by	“was walking past him”
LUK	18	38	u9ct		καὶ	1	So	This word marks an event that happened because of something else that happened first. In this case, the crowd had told the blind man that Jesus was walking by.
LUK	18	38	yaj2		ἐβόησεν	1	he cried out	“called out” or “shouted”
LUK	18	38	ehf6		Υἱὲ Δαυείδ	1	Son of David	Jesus was a descendant of David, Israel’s most important king.
LUK	18	38	u69g		ἐλέησόν με	1	have mercy on me	“show me pity” or “show me compassion”
LUK	18	39	nt5y		οἱ προάγοντες	1	The ones who were walking ahead	“The people who were walking at the front of the crowd”
LUK	18	39	z7r6		σιγήσῃ	1	would be quiet	“to be silent” or “not to shout”
LUK	18	39	zug7		πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἔκραζεν	1	he kept crying out much more	This could mean that he cried out louder or that he cried out more persistently.
LUK	18	40	g96a	figs-activepassive	αὐτὸν ἀχθῆναι πρὸς αὐτόν	1	him to be brought to him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people to bring the blind man to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	18	41	al8g		ἵνα ἀναβλέψω	1	 I want to see again	“to be able to see”
LUK	18	42	n67h	figs-imperative	ἀνάβλεψον	1	Receive your sight	This is a command, but Jesus is not commanding the man to do anything. Jesus is healing the man by commanding him to be healed. Alternate translation: “You will now receive your sight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-imperative]])
LUK	18	42	gcv1	figs-metonymy	ἡ πίστις σου σέσωκέν σε	1	Your faith has healed you	These words are a metonym. It was because of the man’s faith that Jesus healed the man. Alternate translation: “I have healed you because you believed in me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	18	43	d1kk		δοξάζων τὸν Θεόν	1	glorifying God	“giving glory to God” or “praising God”
LUK	19	intro	zn2b			0		# Luke 19 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>After Jesus helped a man named Zacchaeus repent of his sins ([Luke 19:1-10](./01.md)), he taught his followers that when he began to rule as king they would need to tell them what they had done with the things he had given them to take care of ([Luke 19:11-27](./11.md)). He did this by telling them a parable. After that, he rode into Jerusalem on a colt ([Luke 19:28-48](./28.md)). (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/kingdomofgod]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “Sinner”<br>The Pharisees refer to a group of people as “sinners.” The Jewish leaders thought these people were sinful, but in reality the leaders were also sinful. This can be taken as irony. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sin]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])<br><br>### Servants<br><br>God expects his people to remember that everything in the world belongs to God. God gives his people things so they can serve him. He wants them to please him by doing what he wants them to do with everything he has given them. One day Jesus will ask his servants what they have done with everything he gave them to use. He will give a reward to those who have done what he wanted them to do, and he will punish those who have not.<br><br>### The donkey and the colt<br><br>Jesus rode into Jerusalem on an animal. In this way he was like a king who came into a city after he had won an important battle. Also, the kings of Israel in the Old Testament rode on a donkeys. Other kings rode on horses. So Jesus was showing that he was the king of Israel and that he was not like other kings.<br><br>Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about this event. Matthew and Mark wrote that the disciples brought Jesus a donkey. John wrote that Jesus found a donkey. Luke wrote that they brought him a colt. Only Matthew wrote that there were both a donkey had a colt. No one knows for sure whether Jesus rode the donkey or the colt. It is best to translate each of these accounts as it appears in the ULT without trying to make them all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 21:1-7](../../mat/21/01.md) and [Mark 11:1-7](../../mrk/11/01.md) and [Luke 19:29-36](../../luk/19/29.md) and [John 12:14-15](../../jhn/12/14.md))<br><br>### Spreading garments and branches<br><br>When king would enter the cities they ruled, people would cut branches from trees and take off the clothes that they wore to stay warm in cold weather and spread them all on the road so the king would ride over them. They did this to honor the king and show that they loved him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/honor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])<br><br>### The merchants in the temple<br><br>Jesus forced the people who were selling animals in the temple to leave. He did this to show everyone that he had authority over the temple and that only those who were righteous, who did what God said was good, could be in it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/righteous]])<br>
LUK	19	1	j35m	writing-background		0	General Information:	Verses 1-2 begin to give background information for the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	19	2	y5i5	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ, ἀνὴρ	1	Now, there was a man	The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “There was a man who was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	19	2	z91v	writing-background	αὐτὸς ἦν ἀρχιτελώνης, καὶ αὐτὸς πλούσιος	1	he was a chief tax collector, and he was rich	This is background information about Zacchaeus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	19	3	lf9m	writing-background		0	General Information:	Verse 3 completes the background information begun in [Luke 19:1-2](./01.md) for the events that follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	19	3	m3ux		ἐζήτει	1	He was trying	“Zacchaeus was trying”
LUK	19	3	njt7		ὅτι τῇ ἡλικίᾳ μικρὸς ἦν	1	because he was small in height	“because he was short”
LUK	19	4	k984		καὶ προδραμὼν	1	So he ran	The author has finished giving the background to the event and now begins to describe the event itself.
LUK	19	4	pzr6		συκομορέαν	1	a sycamore tree	“a sycamore fig tree.” It produces small round fruit about 2.5 centimeters across. Alternate translation: “a fig tree” or “a tree”
LUK	19	5	mr51		τὸν τόπον	1	the place	“the tree” or “where Zacchaeus was”
LUK	19	6	zrw4		καὶ σπεύσας	1	So he hurried	“So Zacchaeus hurried”
LUK	19	7	mit4	figs-explicit	πάντες διεγόγγυζον	1	they all complained	The Jews hated the tax collectors and did not think any good person should associate with them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	7	k2cl		παρὰ ἁμαρτωλῷ ἀνδρὶ εἰσῆλθεν καταλῦσαι	1	He has gone in to visit with a sinful man	“Jesus has gone into the house of a sinner to visit him”
LUK	19	7	yl4h		ἁμαρτωλῷ ἀνδρὶ	1	a sinful man	“an obvious sinner” or “a real sinner”
LUK	19	8	s46z		τὸν Κύριον	1	the Lord	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	19	8	u2bt		ἀποδίδωμι τετραπλοῦν	1	I will restore four times the amount	“return to them four times as much as I took from them”
LUK	19	9	h8ep	figs-abstractnouns	σωτηρία τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ ἐγένετο	1	salvation has come to this house	It was understood that salvation comes from God. Alternate translation: “God has saved this household” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	9	i8yg	figs-metonymy	τῷ οἴκῳ τούτῳ	1	this house	The word “house” here refers to the people living in the house or the family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	19	9	f65b		καὶ αὐτὸς	1	he too	“this man too” or “Zacchaeus also”
LUK	19	9	v3hq		υἱὸς Ἀβραάμ	1	a son of Abraham	Possible meanings are 1) “descendant of Abraham” and 2) “person who has faith as Abraham did.”
LUK	19	10	myp2		ἦλθεν…ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man came	Jesus is speaking about himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man, came”
LUK	19	10	fqx4		τὸ ἀπολωλός	1	those who are lost	“the people who have wandered away from God” or “those who by sinning have wandered away from God”
LUK	19	11	vue7	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to tell a parable to the crowd. Verse 11 gives background information about why Jesus tells the parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	19	11	qs7z	figs-explicit	ὅτι παραχρῆμα μέλλει ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀναφαίνεσθαι	1	that the kingdom of God was about to appear immediately	The Jews believed that the Messiah would establish the kingdom as soon as he came to Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “that Jesus would immediately begin to rule over God’s kingdom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	12	m9j6		ἄνθρωπός τις εὐγενὴς	1	A certain man of noble birth	“A certain man who was a member of the ruling class” or “A certain man from an important family”
LUK	19	12	mtz9	figs-explicit	λαβεῖν ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν	1	to receive for himself a kingdom	This is the image of a lesser king going to a greater king. The greater king would give the lesser king the right and authority to rule over his own country. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	13	n745			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	13	m387		καλέσας	1	he called	“The nobleman called.” It may be helpful to state that the man did this before he left to receive his kingdom. Alternate translation: “Before he left, he called”
LUK	19	13	xx6p		ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς δέκα μνᾶς	1	gave them ten minas	“gave each of them one mina”
LUK	19	13	t82q	translate-bweight	δέκα μνᾶς	1	ten minas	A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days’ wages, what people would be paid for about four months’ work, so ten minas would have been about three years’ wages. Alternate translation: “ten valuable coins” or “a large amount of money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]])
LUK	19	13	vwp2		πραγματεύσασθαι	1	Conduct business	“Trade with this money” or “Use this money in order to earn more”
LUK	19	14	i998		οἱ…πολῖται αὐτοῦ	1	his citizens	“the people of his country”
LUK	19	14	j9v1		πρεσβείαν	1	a delegation	“a group of people to represent them” or “several messengers”
LUK	19	15	g3jp		καὶ ἐγένετ	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
LUK	19	15	s9a7		λαβόντα τὴν βασιλείαν	1	having received the kingdom	“after he had become king”
LUK	19	15	s2x2	figs-activepassive	φωνηθῆναι αὐτῷ	1	be called to him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to come to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	15	xc6s		τί διεπραγματεύσαντο	1	what profit they had made	“how much money they had earned”
LUK	19	16	iy7i			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	16	mf96	translate-ordinal	ὁ πρῶτος	1	the first	“The first servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	19	16	n37f		παρεγένετο	1	came before him	“came before the nobleman”
LUK	19	16	ejx9	figs-explicit	ἡ μνᾶ σου, δέκα προσηργάσατο μνᾶς	1	your mina has made ten minas more	It is implied that the servant was the one who caused the profit. Alternate translation: “I used your mina to make a profit of ten more minas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	16	j7ag	translate-bweight	ἡ μνᾶ	1	mina	A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days’ wages, what people would be paid for about four months’ work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
LUK	19	17	n5at		εὖ	1	Well done	“You have done well.” Your language may have a phrase that an employer would use to show approval, such as “Good job.”
LUK	19	17	t6zk		ἐλαχίστῳ	1	very little	This refers to the one mina, which the nobleman apparently did not consider to be a lot of money.
LUK	19	18	zsr1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	18	ic7p	translate-ordinal	ὁ δεύτερος	1	The second	“The second servant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	19	18	irh6	figs-explicit	ἡ μνᾶ σου, Κύριε, ἐποίησεν πέντε μνᾶς	1	Your mina, master, has made five minas	It is implied that the servant was the one who caused the profit. Alternate translation: “Lord, I used your mina to make a profit of five more minas” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	18	d811	translate-bweight	ἡ μνᾶ	1	mina	A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days’ wages, what people would be paid for about four months’ work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
LUK	19	19	jxa9		σὺ ἐπάνω γίνου πέντε πόλεων	1	you will be over five cities	“You will have authority over five cities”
LUK	19	20	h937			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	20	n71e		ὁ ἕτερος ἦλθεν	1	the other came	“Another servant came”
LUK	19	20	r25f	translate-bweight	ἡ μνᾶ	1	mina	A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days’ wages, what people would be paid for about four months’ work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
LUK	19	20	l2wr		εἶχον ἀποκειμένην ἐν σουδαρίῳ	1	I kept put away in a cloth	“wrapped in a cloth and stored away”
LUK	19	21	w5yw		ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρὸς	1	a demanding man	“a stern man” or “a man who expects a lot from his servants”
LUK	19	21	a6ja	figs-metaphor	αἴρεις ὃ οὐκ ἔθηκας	1	You take up what you did not put down	This was probably a proverb. A person who takes out of storage or out of a bank things that he did not put in is a metaphor for someone who benefits from other people’s hard work. Alternate translation: “You take out what you did not put in” or “You are like a person how takes out what other people put in” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	19	21	mi5b	figs-metaphor	θερίζεις ὃ οὐκ ἔσπειρας	1	you reap what you did not sow	This was probably a proverb. A person who harvests food that someone else has planted is a metaphor for someone who benefits from other people’s hard work. Alternate translation: “you are like a person who reaps the fruit of what other people sowed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	19	22	q2k2			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	22	wt8q	figs-metonymy	ἐκ τοῦ στόματός σου	1	By your mouth	His “words” refer to all that he had said. Alternate translation: “Based on what you have said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	19	22	xga8		ᾔδεις ὅτι ἐγὼ ἄνθρωπος αὐστηρός εἰμι	1	Did you know that I am a demanding man	The nobleman was repeating what the servant had said about him. He was not saying that it was true. Alternate translation: “You say that I am a demanding person”
LUK	19	23	spx7	figs-rquestion	διὰ τί οὐκ ἔδωκάς μου τὸ ἀργύριον…σὺν τόκῳ ἂν αὐτὸ ἔπραξα?	1	why did you not put the money…I would have collected it with interest?	The nobleman uses a question to rebuke the wicked servant. Alternate translation: “you should have put my money…interest.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	19	23	e1yh		ἔδωκάς…τὸ ἀργύριον ἐπὶ τράπεζαν	1	put the money in a bank	“lent my money to a bank.” Cultures that do not have banks might translate it as “let someone borrow my money.”
LUK	19	23	k39i		τράπεζαν	1	a bank	A bank is a business that safely holds money for people. A bank lends that money to others for a profit. Therefore it pays an extra amount, or interest, to the people who keep their money in the bank.
LUK	19	23	c8ca		σὺν τόκῳ ἂν αὐτὸ ἔπραξα	1	I would have collected it with interest	“I could have collected that amount plus the interest it would have earned” or “I would have gained a profit from it”
LUK	19	23	k8x6		τόκῳ	1	interest	Interest is money that a bank pays people who put their money in the bank.
LUK	19	24	t946			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	24	h1nn		εἶπεν	1	he said	The nobleman had become king. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:12](../19/12.md).
LUK	19	24	aj1c		τοῖς παρεστῶσιν	1	to those who were standing by	“the people who were standing near them”
LUK	19	24	zh5s	translate-bweight	τὴν μνᾶν	1	the mina	A mina was 600 grams, probably of silver. Each mina was equal to 100 days’ wages, what people would be paid for about four months’ work. See how you translated this in [Luke 19:13](../19/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight]])
LUK	19	25	m7ql		ἔχει δέκα μνᾶς	1	he has ten minas.	“he already has ten minas!”
LUK	19	26	xww6			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues to tell the parable he began in [Luke 19:11](../19/11.md).
LUK	19	26	x6ay		λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	This was the king speaking. Some translators may want to start this verse with “And the king replied, ‘I say to you’” or “But the king said ‘I tell you this’” .
LUK	19	26	f5hn	figs-explicit	παντὶ τῷ ἔχοντι, δοθήσεται	1	everyone who has will be given more	It is implied that what he has is the money he earned by using his mina faithfully. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “everyone who uses well what he has been given, I will give him more” or “to everyone who uses well what I have given him I will give more” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	26	ab42	figs-explicit	ἀπὸ…τοῦ μὴ ἔχοντος	1	from the one who does not have	It is implied that the reason he does not have money is because he did not use his mina faithfully. Alternate translation: “from the person who does not use well what I have given him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	26	d1g9	figs-activepassive	ἀρθήσεται	1	will be taken away	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “I will take away from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	27	u44z		τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου τούτους	1	these enemies of mine	Since the enemies were not right there, some languages would say “those enemies of mine.”
LUK	19	28	x7bx	writing-endofstory		0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of the part of the story about Zacchaeus. This verse tells us what Jesus does after this part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	19	28	l43i		εἰπὼν ταῦτα	1	When he had said these things	“When Jesus had said these things”
LUK	19	28	ja5p		ἀναβαίνων εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα	1	going up to Jerusalem	Jerusalem was higher than Jericho, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem.
LUK	19	29	u6hj			0	General Information:	Jesus approaches Jerusalem.
LUK	19	29	y9q8	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it happened that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new event. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	19	29	kpc6		ὡς ἤγγισεν	1	when he came near	The word “he” refers to Jesus. His disciples were also traveling with him.
LUK	19	29	q1wn	translate-names	Βηθφαγὴ	1	Bethphage	Bethphage was (and still is) a village on the Mount of Olives, which is across the Kidron Valley from Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	19	29	lj69		τὸ ὄρος τὸ καλούμενον Ἐλαιῶν	1	the hill that is called Olivet	“the hill that is called the Mount of Olives” or “the hill that is called ‘Olive Tree Mountain’”
LUK	19	30	qq5c		πῶλον	1	a colt	“a young donkey” or “a young riding animal”
LUK	19	30	w1yp	figs-activepassive	ἐφ’ ὃν οὐδεὶς πώποτε ἀνθρώπων ἐκάθισεν	1	on which no man has ever sat	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that no one has ever ridden” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	31	px4k	figs-hypo	καὶ ἐάν τις ὑμᾶς…αὐτοῦ χρείαν ἔχει	1	If anyone asks you…has need of it	Jesus tells the disciples how to answer a question that has not yet been asked. However, people in the village will soon ask the question. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	19	31	emu8	figs-quotesinquotes	καὶ ἐάν τις ὑμᾶς ἐρωτᾷ, διὰ τί λύετε? οὕτως ἐρεῖτε	1	If anyone asks you, ‘Why are you untying it?’ you will say thus	The inner quote can also be translated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “If any one asks you why you are untying it, say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotesinquotes]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	19	32	hdd8	figs-activepassive	οἱ ἀπεσταλμένοι	1	those who were sent	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The two disciples that Jesus sent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	33	biw8		οἱ κύριοι	1	the owners	“the owners of the colt”
LUK	19	35	scz2		ἐπιρίψαντες αὐτῶν τὰ ἱμάτια ἐπὶ τὸν πῶλον	1	they threw their cloaks upon the colt	“put their robes on the young donkey.” Cloaks are outer robes.
LUK	19	35	g49k		ἐπεβίβασαν τὸν Ἰησοῦν	1	they put Jesus on it	“helped Jesus get up on and ride on the colt”
LUK	19	36	lxj5	translate-symaction	ὑπεστρώννυον τὰ ἱμάτια ἑαυτῶν	1	they were spreading their cloaks	“people spread their cloaks.” This is a sign of giving honor to someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	19	37	ba9e		ἐγγίζοντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ἤδη	1	Then as he was already coming near	“As Jesus was going near.” Jesus’ disciples were traveling with him.
LUK	19	37	t4nk		πρὸς τῇ καταβάσει τοῦ Ὄρους τῶν Ἐλαιῶν	1	to the descent of the Mount of Olives	“where the road goes down from the Mount of Olives”
LUK	19	37	m8hn		ὧν εἶδον δυνάμεων	1	mighty works which they had seen	“great things they had seen Jesus do”
LUK	19	38	x7wk		εὐλογημένος ὁ…βασιλεὺς	1	Blessed is the king	They were saying this about Jesus.
LUK	19	38	nsg4	figs-metonymy	ἐν ὀνόματι Κυρίου	1	in the name of the Lord	Here “name” refers to power and authority. Also, “Lord” refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	19	38	d7b4		ἐν οὐρανῷ εἰρήνη	1	Peace in heaven	“May there be peace in heaven” or “We want to see peace in heaven”
LUK	19	38	vb29	figs-metonymy	δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις	1	glory in the highest	“May there be glory in the highest” or “We want to see glory in the highest.” The words “the highest” refer to heaven, which is a metonym for God, who lives in heaven. Alternate translation: “Let everyone give glory to God in the highest heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	19	39	sq8q		ἀπὸ τοῦ ὄχλου	1	from the crowd	“in the large crowd”
LUK	19	39	yv21		ἐπιτίμησον τοῖς μαθηταῖς σου	1	rebuke your disciples	“tell your disciples to stop doing these things”
LUK	19	40	efm9		λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I tell you	Jesus said this to emphasize what he would say next.
LUK	19	40	b2w6	figs-hypo	ἐὰν οὗτοι σιωπήσουσιν, οἱ λίθοι κράξουσιν	1	if these were silent, the stones would cry out	This is a hypothetical situation. Some translators may need to make it clear what Jesus was implying when he said this: “no, I will not rebuke them, for if these people were to be silent…cry out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	40	v8tc		οἱ λίθοι κράξουσιν	1	the stones would cry out	“the stones would call out praises”
LUK	19	41	v3pq		τὴν πόλιν	1	the city	This refers to Jerusalem.
LUK	19	41	k4l2	figs-metonymy	ἔκλαυσεν ἐπ’ αὐτήν	1	he wept over it	The word “it” refers to the city of Jerusalem, but it represents the people who lived in that city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	19	42	g1ee		εἰ ἔγνως…τὰ πρὸς εἰρήνην	1	If only you had known…the things which bring peace	Jesus expresses his sadness that the people of Jerusalem had missed the opportunity to be at peace with God.
LUK	19	42	q8fm	figs-you	ἔγνως	1	you had known	The word “you” is singular because Jesus is speaking to the city. But if this would be unnatural in your language, you could use a plural form of “you” to refer to the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	19	42	tgs6	figs-metonymy	ἐκρύβη ἀπὸ ὀφθαλμῶν σου	1	they are hidden from your eyes	“your eyes” refer to the ability to see. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you can no longer see them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	43	i4p7			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking.
LUK	19	43	y3g2		ὅτι	1	For	What follows is the reason for Jesus’ sadness.
LUK	19	43	tib4		ἥξουσιν ἡμέραι ἐπὶ σὲ, καὶ περιβαλοῦσίν οἱ ἐχθροί σου	1	the days will come upon you when indeed your enemies will build	This indicates that they will experience difficult times. Some languages do not talk about time “coming.” Alternate translation: “in the future these things will happen to you: Your enemies” or “soon you will endure troublesome times. Your enemies”
LUK	19	43	n88i	figs-you	σὲ…σου	1	you…your	The word “you” is singular because Jesus is speaking to the city as he would to a woman. But if this would be unnatural in your language, you could use a plural form of “you” to refer to the people of the city. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
LUK	19	43	e7xp		χάρακά	1	a barricade	This refers to a wall to keep the people from getting out of the city.
LUK	19	44	p7qg	figs-apostrophe	ἐδαφιοῦσίν σε καὶ τὰ τέκνα σου ἐν σοί	1	They will strike you down to the ground and your children with you	Jesus is speaking to the people of the city as if he were speaking to the city itself as he would speak to a woman. He speaks of the people who live in the city as if they are the woman’s children, and thus the city’s children. To strike down a city is to destroy its walls and buildings, and to strike down its children is to kill those who live in it. Alternate translation: “They will completely destroy you and kill all who live in you” or “They will completely destroy your city and kill all of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]])
LUK	19	44	f51h	figs-hyperbole	οὐκ ἀφήσουσιν λίθον ἐπὶ λίθον	1	They will not leave one stone upon another	“They will not leave any of the stones in place.” This is a hyperbole to express that the enemies will completely destroy the city, which is built of stones. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	19	44	xv9n		σοί…οὐκ ἔγνως	1	you did not recognize	“you did not acknowledge”
LUK	19	45	xq47			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in this part of the story. Jesus enters the temple in Jerusalem.
LUK	19	45	u91v	figs-explicit	καὶ εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν	1	Then entering into the temple	You may need to make explicit that he first entered Jerusalem, where the temple was located. Alternate translation: “Jesus entered Jerusalem and then went to the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	45	j6ce	figs-explicit	καὶ εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν	1	entered the temple	Only priests were allowed to enter the temple building. Alternate translation: “went into the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	19	45	py1x		ἐκβάλλειν	1	to cast out	“throw out” or “force out”
LUK	19	46	v81e	figs-activepassive	γέγραπται	1	It is written	This is a quotation from Isaiah. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The scriptures say” or “A prophet wrote these words in the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	19	46	uvf7		ὁ οἶκός μου	1	My house	The word “My” refers to God and “house” refers to the temple.
LUK	19	46	wac1		οἶκος προσευχῆς	1	a house of prayer	“a place where people pray to me”
LUK	19	46	ba8w	figs-metaphor	σπήλαιον λῃστῶν	1	a den of robbers	Jesus speaks of the temple as if it were a place where thieves come together. Alternate translation: “a place where thieves hide” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	19	47	mn6e	writing-endofstory		0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of this part of the story. These verses tell about ongoing action that continues after the main part of the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	19	47	z2n8		ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	in the temple	“in the temple courtyard” or “at the temple”
LUK	19	48	pnf9		ἐξεκρέμετο αὐτοῦ ἀκούων	1	were listening, hanging on to his words	“were paying close attention to what Jesus was saying”
LUK	20	intro	h6in			0		# Luke 20 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 20:17, 42-43, which are words from the Old Testament.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Using questions to trap people<br><br>When Jesus asked the Pharisees who gave John the authority to baptize ([Luke 20:4](../../luk/20/04.md)), they could not answer because any answer they gave would give someone a reason to say that they were wrong ([Luke 20:5-6](./05.md)). They thought that they would be able to say that Jesus was wrong when they asked him if people should pay taxes to Caesar ([Luke 20:22](../../luk/20/22.md)), but Jesus gave them an answer that they had not thought of.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### Paradox<br><br>A paradox is a true statement that appears to describe something impossible. In this chapter, Jesus quotes a psalm that records David calling his son “lord,” that is, “master.” However, to the Jews, ancestors were greater than their descendants. In this passage, Jesus is trying to lead his hearers to the true understanding that the Messiah will himself be divine, and that he himself is the Messiah. ([Luke 20:41-44](./41.md)).<br>
LUK	20	1	idi8			0	Connecting Statement:	The chief priests, scribes, and elders question Jesus in the temple.
LUK	20	1	h8gv	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it happend that	This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	20	1	vtg4		ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	in the temple	“in the temple courtyard” or “at the temple”
LUK	20	3	vcn1			0	General Information:	Jesus responds to the chief priests, scribes, and elders.
LUK	20	3	qn89		ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς	1	So he answered and said to them	“Jesus replied”
LUK	20	3	ku6a		ἐρωτήσω ὑμᾶς κἀγὼ λόγον καὶ εἴπατέ μοι	1	I will also ask you a question, and you tell me	The words “I will…ask you a question” are a statement. The words “you tell me” are a command.
LUK	20	4	uph3	figs-rquestion	ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἦν ἢ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων	1	was it from heaven or from men	Jesus knows that John’s authority comes from heaven, so he is not asking for information. He asks the question so the Jewish leaders will have to tell what they think to all who are listening. This question is rhetorical, but you will probably have to translate it as a question. Alternate translation: “do you think John’s authority to baptize people came from heaven or from men” or “was it God who told John to baptize people, or did people tell him to do it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	4	z7cg	figs-metonymy	ἐξ οὐρανοῦ	1	from heaven	“from God.” Jewish people avoided referring to God by his name “Yahweh.” Often they used the word “heaven” to refer to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	20	5	mn6x		οἱ…συνελογίσαντο	1	they reasoned	“They discussed” or “They considered their answer”
LUK	20	5	a3r8		πρὸς ἑαυτοὺς	1	among themselves	“among themselves” or “with each other”
LUK	20	5	z599	figs-quotations	ἐὰν εἴπωμεν, ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐρεῖ	1	If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say	Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “If we say that John’s authority is from heaven, he” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	20	5	m4l7	figs-metonymy	ἐξ οὐρανοῦ	1	From heaven	“From God.” Jewish people avoided referring to God by his name “Yahweh.” Often they used the word “heaven” to refer to him. See how these words are translated in [Luke 20:4](../20/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	20	5	fwa2		ἐρεῖ	1	he will say	“Jesus will say”
LUK	20	6	e9ps	figs-quotations	ἐὰν…εἴπωμεν, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων	1	if we say, ‘From men,’	Some languages might prefer an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “if we say that John’s authority is from men,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	20	6	nns5	figs-explicit	καταλιθάσει ἡμᾶς	1	will stone us	“kill us by throwing stones on us.” God’s Law commanded that his people stone those of his people who mocked him or his prophets. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	7	ia28		καὶ ἀπεκρίθησαν	1	So they answered that	“So the chief priests, scribes and elders answered.” The word “so” marks an event that happened because of something else that happened first. In this case, they had reasoned with themselves ([Luke 20:5-6](./05.md)), and they did not have an answer they wanted to say.
LUK	20	7	w2bc	figs-quotations	ἀπεκρίθησαν, μὴ εἰδέναι πόθεν	1	they answered that they did not know where it was from.	This could be stated as a direct quote. Alternate translation: “they said, ‘We do not know where it came from.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	20	7	eeg7		πόθεν	1	where it was from	“where John’s baptism came from.” Alternate translation: “where John’s authority to baptize came from” or “who authorized John to baptize people”
LUK	20	8	d3bg		οὐδὲ ἐγὼ λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Neither will I tell you	“And I will not tell you.” Jesus knew they were not willing to tell him the answer, so he responded in the same manner. Alternate translation: “Just as you will not tell me, I will not tell you”
LUK	20	9	mf5e	figs-parables		0	General Information:	Jesus begins to tell a parable to the people in the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	20	9	s8tt		ἐξέδετο αὐτὸν γεωργοῖς	1	rented it out to vine growers	“allowed some vine growers to use it in exchange for payment” or “allowed some vine growers to use it and pay him later.” Payment might be in the form of money, or a portion of the harvest.
LUK	20	9	y37s		γεωργοῖς	1	vine growers	These are people who tend grape vines and grow grapes. Alternate translation: “grape farmers”
LUK	20	10	wm51		καιρῷ	1	the appointed time	“the time they had agreed to pay him.” This would have been at the harvest time.
LUK	20	10	kr7j		ἀπὸ τοῦ καρποῦ τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος	1	of the fruit of the vineyard	“some of the grapes” or “some of what they produced in the vineyard.” It could also refer to the things they made from grapes or the money they earned by selling the grapes.
LUK	20	10	isk1	figs-metaphor	ἐξαπέστειλαν αὐτὸν…κενόν	1	sent him away empty-handed	An empty hand is a metaphor for “nothing.” Alternate translation: “sent him away without paying him” or “sent him away without the grapes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	20	11	nq2x		κἀκεῖνον δείραντες	1	also beat that one	“beat that servant”
LUK	20	11	r72a		ἀτιμάσαντες	1	treating him shamefully	“humiliated him”
LUK	20	11	vxh2	figs-metaphor	ἐξαπέστειλαν κενόν	1	sent him away empty-handed	Having an empty hand is a metaphor for having nothing. Alternate translation: “sent him away without paying him” or “sent him away without any grapes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	20	12	lr3h	translate-ordinal	τρίτον	1	a third	“even a third servant” or “yet another servant.” The word “yet” hints at the fact that the landowner should not have had to send the second servant, but he went beyond that and sent a third servant. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	20	12	ub4g		τοῦτον τραυματίσαντες	1	wounded that one	“injured that servant”
LUK	20	12	h32a		ἐξέβαλον	1	threw him out	“threw him out of the vineyard”
LUK	20	13	kt8i	figs-rquestion	τί ποιήσω?	1	What should I do?	This question emphasizes that the vineyard owner thought carefully about what he was going to do. Alternate translation: “Here is what I will do:” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	14	ib2b		ἰδόντες…αὐτὸν, οἱ γεωργοὶ	1	when the vine growers saw him	“when the farmers saw the owner’s son”
LUK	20	14	rvi4		ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτόν	1	Let us kill him	They were not asking permission. The said this to encourage each other to kill the heir.
LUK	20	15	u7us			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes telling his parable to the crowd.
LUK	20	15	m6en		ἐκβαλόντες αὐτὸν ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος	1	they threw him out of the vineyard	“The vine growers forced the son out of the vineyard”
LUK	20	15	dlu4	figs-rquestion	τί οὖν ποιήσει αὐτοῖς ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος?	1	What then will the lord of the vineyard do to them?	Jesus uses a question to get his listeners to pay attention to what the owner of the vineyard will do. Alternate translation: “So now, listen to what the lord of the vineyard will do to them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	16	k18g		μὴ γένοιτο!	1	May it never be!	“May it never happen”
LUK	20	17	ne1d			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues teaching the crowd.
LUK	20	17	qtb7		ὁ δὲ ἐμβλέψας αὐτοῖς	1	But Jesus looked at them	“But Jesus stared at them” or “But he looked straight at them.” He did this to hold them accountable to understand what he was saying.
LUK	20	17	rf5f	figs-rquestion	τί οὖν ἐστιν τὸ γεγραμμένον τοῦτο, λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας?	1	What then is this that is written: ‘The stone…the cornerstone’?	Jesus uses a question to teach the crowd. Alternate translation: “You should be able to understand that which is written: ‘The stone…cornerstone.’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	17	l6l3		γεγραμμένον τοῦτο	1	this that is written	“this scripture”
LUK	20	17	a5kc	figs-metaphor	λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας	1	The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone	This is the first of three metaphors in a prophecy from the book of Psalms. This one refers to the Messiah as if he were a stone that builders chose not to use, but that God made the most important stone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	20	17	bd2f		λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες	1	The stone that the builders rejected	“The stone that the builders said was not good enough to use for building.” In those days people used stones to build the walls of houses and other buildings.
LUK	20	17	w9b8		οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες	1	the builders	This refers to the religious rulers who are rejecting Jesus as Messiah.
LUK	20	17	bh2r		κεφαλὴν γωνίας	1	the cornerstone	“the chief stone of the building” or “the most important stone of the building”
LUK	20	18	d7n2	figs-metaphor	πᾶς ὁ πεσὼν…συνθλασθήσεται	1	Every one who falls…broken to pieces	This second metaphor speaks of people who reject the Messiah as if they fall over a stone and are injured. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	20	18	n3n5	figs-activepassive	συνθλασθήσεται	1	will be broken to pieces	This is a result of falling onto the stone. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will break up into pieces” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	18	fdu6	figs-metaphor	ἐφ’ ὃν δ’ ἂν πέσῃ	1	But on whomever it falls	“But whomever that stone falls on.” This third metaphor speaks about the Messiah judging those who reject him as if he were a large stone that would crush them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	20	19	vbf7	figs-metonymy	ἐζήτησαν…ἐπιβαλεῖν ἐπ’ αὐτὸν τὰς χεῖρας	1	sought to lay hands on him	In this verse, to “lay hands on” someone is to arrest that person. Alternate translation: “looked for a way to arrest Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	20	19	u4tz		ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ	1	in that very hour	“immediately”
LUK	20	19	u4ta	figs-explicit	ἐφοβήθησαν τὸν λαόν	1	they were afraid of the people	This is the reason that they did not arrest Jesus right away. The people respected Jesus, and the religious leaders were afraid of what the people might do if they arrested him. Alternate translation: “they did not arrest him because they were afraid of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	20	f1en		ἀπέστειλαν ἐνκαθέτους	1	they sent out spies	“the scribes and chief priests sent spies to watch Jesus”
LUK	20	20	ml5w		ἵνα ἐπιλάβωνται αὐτοῦ λόγου	1	so that they might find fault with his speech	“because they wanted to accuse Jesus of saying something bad”
LUK	20	20	r84a	figs-explicit	τῇ ἀρχῇ καὶ τῇ ἐξουσίᾳ τοῦ ἡγεμόνος	1	to the rule and to the authority of the governor	“Rule” and “authority” are two ways of saying that they wanted the governor to judge Jesus. It can be translated with one or both expressions. Alternate translation: “so that the governor would punish Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	21	q9q4			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the beginning of the next event in this part of the story. Some time has passed since Jesus was questioned in the temple by the chief priests. The spies are now questioning Jesus.
LUK	20	21	xn1w		ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν	1	they asked him	“The spies asked Jesus”
LUK	20	21	i3fr		Διδάσκαλε, οἴδαμεν…ἐπ’ ἀληθείας τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ διδάσκεις	1	Teacher, we know…you teach the way of God in truth	The spies were trying to deceive Jesus. They did not believe these things about Jesus.
LUK	20	21	v93z	figs-exclusive	οἴδαμεν	1	we know	“we” refers only to the spies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	20	21	fi1t	figs-activepassive	οὐ λαμβάνεις πρόσωπον	1	do not show partiality	Possible meanings are 1) “you tell the truth even if important people do not like it” or 2) “you do not favor one person over another” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	21	ubu9		ἀλλ’ ἐπ’ ἀληθείας τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ διδάσκεις	1	but you teach the truth about the way of God	This is part of what the spies were saying that they knew about Jesus.
LUK	20	22	fi6p		ἔξεστιν…ἢ οὔ?	1	Is it lawful…or not?	They hoped that Jesus would say either “yes” or “no.” If he said “yes,” then the Jewish people would be angry with him for telling them to pay taxes to a foreign government. If he said “no,” then the religious leaders could tell the Romans that Jesus was teaching the people to break the Roman laws.
LUK	20	22	j6wb		ἔξεστιν	1	Is it lawful	They were asking about God’s law, not about Caesar’s law. Alternate translation: “Does our law permit us”
LUK	20	22	h4cc	figs-metonymy	Καίσαρι	1	Caesar	Because Caesar was the ruler of the Roman government, they could refer to the Roman government by Caesar’s name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	20	23	z9dm		κατανοήσας δὲ αὐτῶν τὴν πανουργίαν	1	But he understood their craftiness	“But Jesus understood how tricky they were” or “But Jesus saw that they were trying to trap him.” The word “their” refers to the spies.
LUK	20	24	j21y	translate-bmoney	δηνάριον	1	a denarius	This is a Roman silver coin worth a day’s wages. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
LUK	20	24	cvs9	figs-rquestion	τίνος ἔχει εἰκόνα καὶ ἐπιγραφήν?	1	Whose image and inscription does it have?	Jesus uses a question to respond to those who were trying to trick him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	24	wt51		εἰκόνα καὶ ἐπιγραφήν	1	image and inscription	“picture and name”
LUK	20	25	z96i			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of this event about the spies and the part of the story which began in [Luke 20:1](../20/01.md).
LUK	20	25	bh1x		ὁ δὲ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς	1	Then he said to them	“Then Jesus said to them”
LUK	20	25	rey9	figs-metonymy	Καίσαρι	1	to Caesar	Here “Caesar” refers to the Roman government. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	20	25	gj71	figs-ellipsis	τῷ Θεῷ	1	to God	The word “give” is understood from the previous phrase. It can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “and give to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	20	26	wa3s		καὶ οὐκ ἴσχυσαν ἐπιλαβέσθαι τοῦ ῥήματος	1	So they were not able to trap him in what he said	“The spies could not find anything wrong with what he said”
LUK	20	26	yc1y		καὶ θαυμάσαντες ἐπὶ τῇ ἀποκρίσει αὐτοῦ, ἐσίγησαν	1	but marveling at his answer, they were silent	“but they were amazed at his answer and did not say anything”
LUK	20	27	c6s4			0	General Information:	We do not know where this takes place, though it possibly took place in the temple courtyard. Jesus is talking with some Sadducees.
LUK	20	27	f9e3	figs-distinguish	οἱ, λέγοντες ἀνάστασιν μὴ εἶναι	1	the ones who say that there is no resurrection	This phrase identifies the Sadducees as being the group of Jews that say that no one would rise from the dead. It does not imply that some Sadducees believed that there is a resurrection and some did not. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])
LUK	20	28	d6yl		ἐάν τινος ἀδελφὸς ἀποθάνῃ ἔχων γυναῖκα, καὶ οὗτος ἄτεκνος ᾖ	1	if anyone’s brother dies having a wife, and he is childless	“if a man’s brother dies when he has a wife but does not have children”
LUK	20	28	sjt5		ἵνα λάβῃ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν γυναῖκα	1	that his brother should take his wife	“the man should marry his dead brother’s widow”
LUK	20	28	pn1c	figs-explicit	ἐξαναστήσῃ σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ	1	raise up offspring for his brother	The Jews considered the first son born to a woman who married her dead husband’s brother as if he were the son of the woman’s first husband. This son inherited the property of his mother’s first husband and carried on his name. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	29	e1b5			0	General Information:	The Sadducees tell Jesus a short story in verses 29-32. This is a story they made up as an example. In verse 33, they ask Jesus a question about the story they told.
LUK	20	29	c2jr			0	Connecting Statement:	The Sadducees finish asking Jesus their question.
LUK	20	29	ax5n		ἑπτὰ…ἀδελφοὶ ἦσαν	1	there were seven brothers	This may have happened, but it is probably a story that they made up to test Jesus.
LUK	20	29	si57	translate-ordinal	ὁ πρῶτος	1	the first	“brother number one” or “the oldest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	20	29	qt6a		ἀπέθανεν ἄτεκνος	1	died childless	“died without having any children” or “died, but did not have any children”
LUK	20	30	p5mw	figs-ellipsis	καὶ ὁ δεύτερος	1	and the second	Jesus kept the story short by not repeating many of the details. Alternate translation: “the second married her and the same thing happened” or “the second brother married her and died without having any children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	20	30	r4xe	translate-ordinal	ὁ δεύτερος	1	the second	“brother number two” or “the oldest brother who was still alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	20	31	d5tq		ὁ τρίτος ἔλαβεν αὐτήν	1	the third took her	“The third married her”
LUK	20	31	ky9p	translate-ordinal	ὁ τρίτος	1	the third	“Brother number three” or “The oldest brother who was still alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	20	31	f1fj	figs-ellipsis	ὡσαύτως…καὶ οἱ ἑπτὰ, οὐ κατέλιπον τέκνα, καὶ ἀπέθανον	1	likewise the seven also left no children, and died	They did not repeat many of the details to keep the story short. Alternate translation: “in the same way the rest of the seven brothers married her and had no children and died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	20	31	y4wt		οἱ ἑπτὰ	1	the seven	“all seven of the brothers” or “each of the seven brothers”
LUK	20	33	avu1		ἐν τῇ…ἀναστάσει	1	In the resurrection	“When people are raised from the dead” or “When dead people will become alive again.” Some languages have a way of showing that the Sadducees did not believe that there would be a resurrection, such as “In the supposed resurrection” or “When dead people are supposedly raised from the dead.”
LUK	20	34	dn48			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus begins to answer the Sadducees.
LUK	20	34	n91c		οἱ υἱοὶ τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου	1	The sons of this age	“The people of this world” or “The people of this time.” This is in contrast with those in heaven or the people who live after the resurrection.
LUK	20	34	nlu3	figs-explicit	γαμοῦσιν καὶ γαμίσκονται	1	marry and are given in marriage	In that culture they spoke of men marrying women and women being given in marriage to their husband. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “get married” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	35	m8m9	figs-activepassive	οἱ…καταξιωθέντες τοῦ αἰῶνος ἐκείνου	1	those who are regarded as worthy to obtain that age	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the people in that age whom God will consider to be worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	35	ct9h		τῆς ἀναστάσεως τῆς ἐκ νεκρῶν	1	of the resurrection which is from the dead	“to be raised from the dead” or “to rise from death”
LUK	20	35	m3gm		ἐκ νεκρῶν	1	from the dead	From among all those who have died. This expression describes all dead people together in the underworld. To receive resurrection from among them speaks of becoming alive again.
LUK	20	35	rh62	figs-explicit	οὔτε γαμοῦσιν οὔτε γαμίζονται	1	will neither marry nor be given in marriage	In that culture they spoke of men marrying women and women being given in marriage to their husband. This can also be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will not marry” or “will not get married.” This is after the resurrection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	36	lk28	figs-explicit	οὐδὲ…ἀποθανεῖν ἔτι δύνανται	1	neither are they able to die anymore	This is after the resurrection. Alternate translation: “They will not be able to die anymore” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	36	btb3		υἱοί εἰσιν Θεοῦ, τῆς ἀναστάσεως υἱοὶ ὄντες	1	they are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection	“are children of God because he has brought them back from the dead”
LUK	20	37	ky7p			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes answering the Sadducees.
LUK	20	37	g3xg	figs-activepassive	ὅτι δὲ ἐγείρονται οἱ νεκροὶ, καὶ Μωϋσῆς ἐμήνυσεν	1	But that the dead are raised, even Moses showed	The word “even” is here because the Sadducees might not have been surprised that some scriptures say that the dead are raised, but they did not expect Moses to have written something like that. Alternate translation: “But even Moses showed that dead people rise from the dead” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	37	j8z5	figs-activepassive	ἐγείρονται οἱ νεκροὶ	1	the dead are raised	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God causes the dead to live again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	20	37	n82t	figs-explicit	ἐπὶ τῆς βάτου	1	at the bush	“in the part of scripture where he wrote about the burning bush” or “in the scripture about the burning bush” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	37	nx7f		ὡς λέγει Κύριον	1	where he calls the Lord	“where Moses called the Lord”
LUK	20	37	pqm8		τὸν Θεὸν Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ Θεὸν Ἰακώβ	1	the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jaco	“the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.” They all worshiped the same God.
LUK	20	38	tdq7		δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Jesus explains how this story proves that people rise from the dead.
LUK	20	38	u1y5	figs-parallelism	Θεὸς…οὐκ ἔστιν νεκρῶν, ἀλλὰ ζώντων	1	he is not the God of the dead, but of the living	These two sentences have similar meaning said twice for emphasis. Some languages have different ways of showing emphasis. Alternate translation: “the Lord is the God of living people only” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
LUK	20	38	dxi9	figs-explicit	ἀλλὰ ζώντων	1	but of the living	“but the God of living people.” Since these people died physically, they must still be alive spiritually. Alternate translation: “but the God of people whose spirits are alive, even though their bodies may have died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	38	i6am		πάντες γὰρ αὐτῷ ζῶσιν	1	because all live to him	“because in God’s sight they all are still alive” or “because their spirits are alive in God’s presence”
LUK	20	39	n5nq	figs-explicit	ἀποκριθέντες…τινες τῶν γραμματέων	1	some of the scribes answered	“Some of the scribes said to Jesus.” There were scribes present when the Sadducees were questioning Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	40	i6sv		οὐκέτι γὰρ ἐτόλμων	1	For they did not dare	It is unclear if this refers to the scribes, or the Sadducees, or both. It is best to keep the statement general.
LUK	20	40	vjx9	figs-explicit	οὐκέτι…ἐτόλμων ἐπερωτᾶν αὐτὸν οὐδέν	1	they did not dare ask him anything	“they were afraid to ask…questions” or “they did not risk asking…questions.” They understood that they did not know as much as Jesus did, but they did not want to say that. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “they did ask him any more tricky questions because they feared that his wise answers would make them appear foolish again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	41	t981			0	General Information:	Jesus asks the scribes a question.
LUK	20	41	mda6	figs-rquestion	πῶς λέγουσιν…Δαυεὶδ Υἱόν?	1	How do they say…David’s son?	“Why do they say…son?” Jesus uses a question to make the scribes think about who the Messiah is. Alternate translation: “Let’s think about them saying…son.” or “I will talk about them saying…son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	41	sq2g	figs-explicit	λέγουσιν	1	they say	The prophets, the religious rulers, and the Jewish people in general knew that the Messiah was the son of David. Alternate translation: “everyone says” or “people say” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	41	b7rb	figs-synecdoche	Δαυεὶδ Υἱόν	1	David’s son	“King David’s descendant.” The word “son” is used here to refer to a descendant. In this case it refers to the one who would reign over God’s kingdom. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	20	42	h2al		εἶπεν ὁ Κύριος τῷ Κυρίῳ μου	1	The Lord said to my Lord	This is a quotation from the book of Psalms which says “Yahweh said to my Lord.” But the Jews stopped saying “Yahweh” and often said “Lord” instead. Alternate translation: “The Lord God said to my Lord” or “God said to my Lord”
LUK	20	42	e1i2		Κυρίῳ μου	1	my Lord	David was referring to the Christ as “my Lord.”
LUK	20	42	pse3	translate-symaction	κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου	1	Sit at my right hand	To sit at the “right hand of God” is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “Sit in the place of honor beside me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	20	43	fl1h	figs-metaphor	ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου	1	until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet	The Messiah’s enemies are spoken of as if they were furniture on which he would rest his feet. This was an image of submission. Alternate translation: “until I make your enemies like a footstool for you” or “until I conquer your enemies for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	20	44	zk2h	figs-explicit	Δαυεὶδ οὖν, Κύριον, αὐτὸν καλεῖ	1	David therefore calls him ‘Lord’	In the culture of that time, a father was more respected than a son. David’s us of the title ‘Lord’ for the Christ implies that he was greater than David. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	44	k1tp	figs-rquestion	καὶ πῶς υἱός αὐτοῦ ἐστιν	1	so how is he his son?	“so how can the Christ be David’s son?” This can be a statement. Alternate translation: “this shows that the Christ is not merely David’s descendant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	20	45	k3pf			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus now directs his attention to his disciples and speaks mainly to them.
LUK	20	46	m2yu		προσέχετε ἀπὸ	1	Beware of	“Be on guard against”
LUK	20	46	ang2	figs-explicit	θελόντων περιπατεῖν ἐν στολαῖς	1	who desire to walk in long robes	Long robes would show that they were important. Alternate translation: “who like to walk around wearing their important robes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	20	47	c7yv	figs-metaphor	οἳ κατεσθίουσιν τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν	1	They devour the houses of widows	“They also eat up widows’ houses.” The scribes are spoken of as if they were hungry animals that eat up the widows’ houses. The word “houses” is a synecdoche for both where the widow lives and all the possessions she puts in her home. Alternate translation: “They also take away from widows all their possessions” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	20	47	g67x		προφάσει μακρὰ προσεύχονται	1	for a show they pray at length	“they pretend to be righteous and make long prayers” or “they make long prayers so that people will see them”
LUK	20	47	zpp5	figs-activepassive	οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα	1	These will receive greater condemnation	“They will receive a more severe judgment.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God will certainly punish them very severely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	intro	ny7d			0		# Luke 21 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Jesus told his disciples much about what would happen before he returned.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### “For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’”<br><br>Jesus taught that before he returned many people would falsely claim to be him returning. It will also be a time when many people will hate Jesus’ followers and even want to kill them.<br><br>### “Until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled”<br><br>The Jews spoke of the time between when the Babylonians forced their ancestors to go to Babylon and the time when the Messiah would come as “the times of the Gentiles,” the time when the Gentiles would rule over the Jews.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 21:27](../../luk/21/27.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br>
LUK	21	1	k2zb	writing-background		0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in the story. Jesus begins teaching his disciples, either on the same day that the Sadducees question Jesus ([Luke 20:27](../20/27.md)) or on a different day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	21	1	nf4c	figs-explicit	τὰ δῶρα	1	gifts	You may need to make explicit what the gifts were. Alternate translation: “gifts of money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	21	1	unv2		τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον	1	the treasury	one of the boxes in the temple courtyard where people put money as a gift to God
LUK	21	2	xrk2	writing-participants	τινα χήραν πενιχρὰν	1	a certain poor widow	This is a way of introducing a new character to the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	21	2	vzu8	translate-bmoney	λεπτὰ δύο	1	two mites	“two small coins” or “two tiny copper coins.” These were the least valuable of the coins people used then. Alternate translation: “two pennies” or “two small coins of little value” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney]])
LUK	21	3	t97j		ἀληθῶς λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Truly I say to you	This means that what Jesus was about to say was very important.
LUK	21	3	i8gf	figs-you	λέγω ὑμῖν	1	I say to you	Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	21	3	rwt3	figs-hyperbole	ἡ χήρα αὕτη ἡ πτωχὴ, πλεῖον πάντων ἔβαλεν	1	this poor widow put in more than all of them	God considers her gift, a small amount of money, more significant than the large amounts of money the men gave. Alternate translation: “the small gift of this widow is more valuable than the larger gifts of the rich men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	21	4	x3qb		ἐκ τοῦ περισσεύοντος αὐτοῖς ἔβαλον εἰς τὰ δῶρα	1	put in the gifts out of their abundance	“have a lot of money but only gave a small portion of it”
LUK	21	4	gaj8		ἐκ τοῦ ὑστερήματος αὐτῆς	1	out of her poverty	“who has very little money”
LUK	21	5	vgp3			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus switches from talking about the widow to teaching about the temple.
LUK	21	5	vk7z		ἀναθέμασιν	1	offerings	things people had given to God
LUK	21	6	lcz6		ταῦτα ἃ θεωρεῖτε	1	these things that you see	This refers to the beautiful temple and its decorations.
LUK	21	6	wcd9		ἐλεύσονται ἡμέραι ἐν αἷς	1	the days will come in which	“there will be a time when” or “someday”
LUK	21	6	ajx2	figs-activepassive	ἀφεθήσεται…ἐπὶ λίθῳ, ὃς οὐ καταλυθήσεται	1	will be left on another which will not be torn down	A new sentence can be started here. Alternate translation: “left on another. They will all be torn down” or “left on another. Enemies will tear down every stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	6	dps1		οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται λίθος…οὐ καταλυθήσεται	0	not one stone will be left…not be torn down	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “every stone will be removed from its place and they will all be torn down”
LUK	21	6	jfl1	figs-activepassive	ἀφεθήσεται…ἐπὶ λίθῳ, ὃς οὐ καταλυθήσεται	1	left on another which will not be torn down	A new sentence can be started here. Alternate translation: “left on another. They will all be torn down” or “left on another. Enemies will tear down every stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	7	rix4		ἐπηρώτησαν…αὐτὸν	1	they asked him	“the disciples asked Jesus” or “Jesus’ disciples asked him”
LUK	21	7	a11j		ταῦτα	1	these things	This refers to what Jesus has just said about enemies destroying the temple.
LUK	21	8	vu18	figs-you	μὴ πλανηθῆτε	1	you are not deceived	Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word “you” is plural. Alternate translation: “that you do not believe lies” or “that no one deceives you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	8	f1ed	figs-metonymy	ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματί μου	1	in my name	People coming in his name claim to represent him. Alternate translation: “claiming to be me” or “claiming to have my authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	8	h6zp		ἐγώ εἰμι	1	I am he	“I am the Christ” or “I am the Messiah”
LUK	21	8	sls1		μὴ πορευθῆτε ὀπίσω αὐτῶν	1	Do not go after them	“Do not believe them” or “Do not become their disciples”
LUK	21	9	p5w5		πολέμους καὶ ἀκαταστασίας	1	wars and riots	Here “wars” probably refers to fighting between countries, and “riots” probably refers to people fighting against their own leaders or against others in their country. Alternate translation: “wars and rebellions” or “wars and revolutions”
LUK	21	9	eze2		μὴ πτοηθῆτε	1	do not be terrified	“do not let these things terrify you” or “do not be afraid”
LUK	21	9	msn6	figs-explicit	οὐκ εὐθέως τὸ τέλος	1	it will not immediately be the end	This refers to the final judgment. Alternate translation: “the end of the world will not happen immediately after the wars and riots” or “the world will not end immediately after those things happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	21	9	jyh8		τὸ τέλος	1	the end	“the end of everything” or “the end of the age”
LUK	21	10	yj1i		τότε ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς	1	Then he said to them	“Then Jesus said to his disciples.” Since this is a continuation of Jesus speaking from the previous verse, some languages may prefer not to say “Then he said to them.”
LUK	21	10	ms79	figs-metonymy	ἐγερθήσεται ἔθνος ἐπ’ ἔθνος	1	Nation will rise against nation	Here “nation” is a metonym for the people of the nation, and “rise against” is a metonym for attack. The word “nation” represents nations in general, not one particular nation. Alternate translation: “The people of one nation will attack the people of other nations” or “The people of some nations will attack the people of other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
LUK	21	10	ax4w		ἔθνος	1	Nation	This refers to ethnic groups of people rather than to countries.
LUK	21	10	e65b	figs-ellipsis	βασιλεία ἐπὶ βασιλείαν	1	kingdom against kingdom	The words “will rise” are understood from the previous phrase and mean attack. Alternate translation: “kingdom will rise against kingdom” or “the people of some kingdoms will attack the people of other kingdoms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])
LUK	21	11	gw7x	figs-ellipsis	κατὰ τόπους, λιμοὶ καὶ λοιμοὶ	1	famines and plagues in various places	The words “there will be” are understood from the previous phrase. Alternate translation: “there will be famines and plagues in many places” or “there will be times of hunger and diseases in different places” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	21	11	ib3l		φόβηθρά	1	terrifying events	“events that terrify people” or “events that cause people to be very afraid”
LUK	21	12	unm4		τούτων	1	these things	This refers to the terrible things that Jesus has said will happen.
LUK	21	12	w5uz	figs-metonymy	ἐπιβαλοῦσιν ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν	1	they will lay their hands on you	“they will grab you.” This expression refers to people exercising authority over the disciples. Alternate translation: “they will arrest you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	12	qd99		ἐπιβαλοῦσιν	1	they will lay	“people will” or “enemies will”
LUK	21	12	c44t	figs-you	ὑμᾶς	1	you	Jesus was talking to his disciples. The word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	21	12	w2i4	figs-metonymy	παραδιδόντες εἰς τὰς συναγωγὰς	1	delivering you over to the synagogues	The word “synagogues” is a metonym for the people in the synagogues, specifically the leaders. Alternate translation: “giving you over to the leaders of the synagogues” or “taking you to the synagogues so that the people there can do to you whatever they want to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	12	xt6d		καὶ φυλακάς	1	and prisons	“and delivering you over to the prisons” or “and putting you in prisons”
LUK	21	12	cwq9	figs-metonymy	ἕνεκεν τοῦ ὀνόματός μου	1	because of my name	The word “name” is here used to refer to Jesus himself. Alternate translation: “because of me” or “because you follow me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	13	d98x		εἰς μαρτύριον	1	for a testimony	“for you to tell them your testimony about me”
LUK	21	14	q1s1	grammar-connect-words-phrases	οὖν	1	Therefore	“Because of this,” referring to everything Jesus has said, beginning in [Luke 21:10](../21/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])
LUK	21	14	he8s	figs-metonymy	θέτε…ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν	1	resolve in your hearts	Here “hearts” is a metonym for people’s minds. Alternate translation: “make up your mind” or “decide firmly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	14	usf9		μὴ προμελετᾶν ἀπολογηθῆναι	1	not to prepare your defense ahead of time	“not to figure out ahead of time what you will say in order to defend yourself against their accusations”
LUK	21	15	d3zh		σοφίαν, ᾗ οὐ δυνήσονται ἀντιστῆναι ἢ ἀντειπεῖν, πάντες οἱ ἀντικείμενοι ὑμῖν	1	wisdom that all your adversaries will not be able to resist or contradict	“wisdom that none of your adversaries will be able to resist or contradict”
LUK	21	15	z6ua		ἐγὼ…δώσω ὑμῖν στόμα καὶ σοφίαν	1	I will give you speech and wisdom	“I will tell you what wise things to say”
LUK	21	15	gm5t	figs-hendiadys	στόμα καὶ σοφίαν	1	speech and wisdom	These can be combined into one phrase. Alternate translation: “words of wisdom” or “wise words” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys]])
LUK	21	16	xc2s	figs-activepassive	παραδοθήσεσθε…καὶ ὑπὸ γονέων, καὶ ἀδελφῶν, καὶ συγγενῶν, καὶ φίλων	1	you will also be delivered up by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “even your parents, brothers, relatives, and friends will give you over to the authorities” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	16	ue17		θανατώσουσιν ἐξ ὑμῶν	1	they will put some of you to death	“they will kill some of you.” Possible meanings are 1) “the authorities will kill some of you” or 2) “those who deliver you up will kill some of you.” The first meaning is more likely.
LUK	21	17	wbh8	figs-hyperbole	ἔσεσθε μισούμενοι ὑπὸ πάντων	1	You will be hated by everyone	This can be translated in active form. The word “everyone” emphasizes how many people will hate the disciples, either through 1) exaggeration Alternate translation: “It will seem like you are hated by everyone” or “It will seem like everyone hates you” or 2) a generalization. Alternate translation: “You will be hated by most people” or “Most people will hate you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	21	17	lm66	figs-metonymy	διὰ τὸ ὄνομά μου	1	because of my name	“my name” here refers to Jesus. Alternate translation: “because of me” or “because you follow me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	18	y7bi	figs-synecdoche	καὶ θρὶξ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς ὑμῶν, οὐ μὴ ἀπόληται	1	But not a hair of your head will perish	Jesus speaks of one of the smallest parts of a person. He is emphasizing that the whole person will not perish. Jesus had already said that some of them would be put to death, so some understand this to mean that they would not be harmed spiritually. Alternate translation: “But these things cannot really harm you” or “Even every hair on your head will be safe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
LUK	21	19	g85h		ἐν τῇ ὑπομονῇ ὑμῶν	1	By your endurance	“By holding firm.” This can be stated in the opposite way. Alternate translation: “If you do not quit”
LUK	21	19	r5zc		κτήσασθε τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν	1	you will gain your souls	The “soul” was understood to represent the eternal part of a person. Alternate translation: “you will receive life” or “you will save yourselves”
LUK	21	20	nqb6	figs-activepassive	κυκλουμένην ὑπὸ στρατοπέδων Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	Jerusalem surrounded by armies	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “armies surrounding Jerusalem” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	20	dfy7		ὅτι ἤγγικεν ἡ ἐρήμωσις αὐτῆς	1	that its desolation is near	“that it will soon be destroyed” or “that they will soon destroy it”
LUK	21	21	av2e		φευγέτωσαν	1	let flee	run away from danger
LUK	21	21	htg9		ἐν ταῖς χώραις	1	out in the country	This refers to the rural areas outside Jerusalem, and not to the nation. Alternate translation: “outside the city”
LUK	21	21	ubh7		εἰσερχέσθωσαν εἰς αὐτήν	1	enter into it	“enter Jerusalem”
LUK	21	22	vs2g		ἡμέραι ἐκδικήσεως αὗταί εἰσιν	1	these are days of vengeance	“these are days of punishment” or “this will be the time when God will punish this city”
LUK	21	22	eba2	figs-activepassive	τοῦ…πάντα τὰ γεγραμμένα	1	all the things that have been written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the things that the prophets wrote in the scriptures long ago” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	22	f9es	figs-activepassive	πλησθῆναι	1	to fulfill	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “will happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	23	e1pj		ταῖς θηλαζούσαις	1	to those who are nursing	“to mothers who are nursing their babies”
LUK	21	23	mzp3		ἔσται…ἀνάγκη μεγάλη ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς	1	there will be great distress upon the land	Possible meanings are 1) the people of the land will be distressed or 2) there will be physical disasters in the land.
LUK	21	23	iw4r	figs-explicit	ὀργὴ τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ	1	wrath to this people	“there will be wrath to the people at that time.” God will bring this wrath. Alternate translation: “this people will experience God’s anger” or “God will be very angry and will punish this people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	21	24	lmj8	figs-metonymy	πεσοῦνται στόματι μαχαίρης	1	They will fall by the edge of the sword	“They will be killed by the edge of the sword.” Here “fall by the edge of the sword” represents being killed by enemy soldiers. Alternate translation: “Enemy soldiers will kill them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	24	cg3n	figs-activepassive	αἰχμαλωτισθήσονται εἰς τὰ ἔθνη πάντα	1	they will be led captive into all the nations	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “their enemies will capture them and take them to other countries” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	24	zn4e	figs-hyperbole	εἰς τὰ ἔθνη πάντα	1	into all the nations	The word “all” is an exaggeration to emphasize that they will be led into many countries. Alternate translation: “into many other countries” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	21	24	j7kw	figs-activepassive	Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἔσται πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν	1	Jerusalem will be trampled by the Gentiles	Possible meanings are 1) the Gentiles will conquer Jerusalem and occupy it or 2) the Gentiles will destroy the city of Jerusalem or 3) the Gentiles will destroy the people of Jerusalem. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	24	d356	figs-metaphor	πατουμένη ὑπὸ ἐθνῶν	1	trampled by the Gentiles	This metaphor speaks of Jerusalem as if the people of other nations was walking on it and crushing it down with their feet. This refers to domination. Alternate translation: “conquered by the Gentiles” or “destroyed by the other nations” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	21	24	na6l	figs-activepassive	πληρωθῶσιν καιροὶ ἐθνῶν	1	the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “the period of the Gentiles has come to an end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	25	bza4		συνοχὴ ἐθνῶν	1	the nations will be distressed	Here “the nations” refers to the people in them. Alternate translation: “The people of the nations will be distressed”
LUK	21	25	sz1c		συνοχὴ ἐθνῶν, ἐν ἀπορίᾳ ἤχους θαλάσσης καὶ σάλου	1	will be distressed and anxious at the roaring and tossing of the sea	“distress because they will be anxious about the roar of the sea and its waves” or “distress, and the loud noise of the sea and its rough movements will frighten them.” This seems to refer to unusual storms or disasters involving the seas.
LUK	21	26	az37		τῶν ἐπερχομένων τῇ οἰκουμένῃ	1	the things which are coming upon the world	“the things that will happen in the world” or “the things that will happen to the world”
LUK	21	26	wn9g	figs-activepassive	αἱ…δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν σαλευθήσονται	1	the powers of the heavens will be shaken	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) that God will shake the sun moon and stars so they do not move in their normal way or 2) God will trouble the powerful spirits in the heavens. The first is recommended. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	21	27	k9pr	figs-123person	τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου, ἐρχόμενον	1	the Son of Man coming	Jesus is referring to himself. Alternate translation: “me, the Son Man, coming” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	21	27	wyj9		ἐρχόμενον ἐν νεφέλῃ	1	coming in a cloud	“coming down in a cloud”
LUK	21	27	acp6		μετὰ δυνάμεως καὶ δόξης πολλῆς	1	with power and great glory	Here “power” probably refers to his authority to judge the world. Here “glory” may refer to a bright light. God sometimes shows his greatness with a very bright light. Alternate translation: “powerfully and gloriously” or “and he will be powerful and very glorious”
LUK	21	28	mv82		ἀνακύψατε	1	stand up	Sometimes when people are afraid, they crouch down in order to avoid being seen or hurt. When they are no longer afraid, they get up. Alternate translation: “stand up with confidence”
LUK	21	28	gx6d	figs-metonymy	ἐπάρατε τὰς κεφαλὰς ὑμῶν	1	lift up your heads	Lifting the head is a metonym for looking up. When they lift their heads up, they will be able to see their rescuer coming to them. Alternate translation: “look up” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	28	up9z	figs-metonymy	διότι ἐγγίζει ἡ ἀπολύτρωσις ὑμῶν	1	because your deliverance is coming near	God, who delivers, is spoken of as if he were the deliverance that he causes. The word “deliverance” is an abstract noun that can be translated as a verb. Alternate translation: “because God will soon deliver you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
LUK	21	29	h6a9	figs-parables		0	Connecting Statement:	As Jesus continues teaching his disciples, he tells them a parable. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parables]])
LUK	21	30	l2ts		ὅταν προβάλωσιν	1	When they sprout buds	“When new leaves start to grow”
LUK	21	30	yic5	figs-explicit	ἤδη ἐγγὺς τὸ θέρος ἐστίν	1	summer is already near	“summer is about to start.” Summer in Israel follows the sprouting of fig tree leaves and is the time when the figs ripen. Alternate translation: “harvest time is ready to start” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	21	31	y81z		οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς, ὅταν ἴδητε ταῦτα γινόμενα	1	So also, when you see these things happening	The appearance of the signs that Jesus just described signal the arrival of the kingdom of God just as appearance of the leaves of the fig tree signal the arrival of summer.
LUK	21	31	t1ca	figs-metonymy	ἐγγύς ἐστιν ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the kingdom of God is near	“God will soon establish his kingdom.” Alternate translation: “God will soon rule as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	32	bj9e			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues teaching his disciples.
LUK	21	32	gsh9		ἀμὴν, λέγω ὑμῖν	1	Truly I say to you	This expression emphasizes the importance of what Jesus is about to say.
LUK	21	32	h921		ἡ γενεὰ αὕτη	1	this generation	Possible meanings are 1) the generation that will see the first of the signs Jesus speaks of or 2) the generation Jesus is speaking to. The first is more likely.
LUK	21	32	m3il		οὐ μὴ παρέλθῃ…ἕως ἂν	1	will not pass away until	This could be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “will still be alive when”
LUK	21	33	t53u		ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ παρελεύσονται	1	Heaven and earth will pass away	“Heaven and earth will cease to exist.” The word “heaven” here refers to the sky and the universe beyond it.
LUK	21	33	c3yl	figs-metonymy	οἱ…λόγοι μου οὐ μὴ παρελεύσονται	1	my words will never pass away	“my words will never cease to exist” or “my words will never fail.” Jesus uses “words” here to refer to everything he says. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	33	kym8		οὐ μὴ παρελεύσονται	1	will never pass away	This could be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “will remain forever”
LUK	21	34	r69y	figs-metonymy	μήποτε βαρηθῶσιν ὑμῶν αἱ καρδίαι	1	so that your hearts are not burdened	The “heart” here refers to the mind and thoughts of the person. Alternate translation: “so that you are not occupied” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	21	34	y2qk	figs-metaphor	μήποτε βαρηθῶσιν	1	so that…are not burdened	Jesus here speaks of the following sins as if they were a physical weight that a person had to carry. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	21	34	se3c		κρεπάλῃ	1	the effects of drinking	“what drinking too much wine will do to you” or “drunkenness”
LUK	21	34	unw9		μερίμναις βιωτικαῖς	1	the worries of life	“worrying too much about this life”
LUK	21	34	x8jh	figs-simile	ἐπιστῇ ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς αἰφνίδιος ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείν	1	that day will close on you suddenly	Just as a trap closes on an animal when the animal does not expect it, that day will happen when people do not expect it. Alternate translation: “that day will happen when you are not expecting it, as when a trap closes suddenly on an animal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
LUK	21	34	r486	figs-explicit	ἐπιστῇ ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς αἰφνίδιος ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείν	1	that day will close on you suddenly	The coming of that day will appear to be sudden and unexpected to those who are not ready and watching for it. Alternate translation: “life. For if you are not careful, that day will close on you suddenly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	21	34	q6ph		ἡ ἡμέρα ἐκείνη	1	that day	This refers to the day when the Messiah returns. Alternate translation: “the day when the Son of Man comes”
LUK	21	35	qh1b		ἐπεισελεύσεται…ἐπὶ πάντας	1	it will come upon everyone	“it will affect everyone” or “the events of that day will affect everyone”
LUK	21	35	ry3f	figs-metaphor	ἐπὶ πρόσωπον πάσης τῆς γῆς	1	on the face of the whole earth	The surface of the earth is spoken of as if it were the outward part of the face of a person. Alternate translation: “on the surface of the whole earth” or “on the entire earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	21	36	auh8			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes teaching his disciples.
LUK	21	36	m4l4		ἀγρυπνεῖτε	1	be alert	“be ready for my coming”
LUK	21	36	y5ny		κατισχύσητε ἐκφυγεῖν ταῦτα πάντα	1	you may be strong enough to escape all these things	Possible meanings are 1) “strong enough to endure these things” or 2) “able to avoid these things.”
LUK	21	36	hjy1		ταῦτα πάντα τὰ μέλλοντα γίνεσθαι	1	all these things that are about to take place	“these things that will happen.” Jesus has just told them about terrible things that will happen, such as persecution, war, and captivity.
LUK	21	36	h83d		σταθῆναι ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	to stand before the Son of Man	“to stand with confidence before the Son of Man.” This probably refers to when the Son of Man judges everyone. A person who is not ready will be afraid of the Son of Man and will not stand with confidence.
LUK	21	37	tfe8	writing-endofstory		0	Connecting Statement:	This is the end of the part of the story that begins in [Luke 20:1](../20/01.md). These verses tell about ongoing action that continues after the main part of the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	21	37	c4uk		ἦν…τὰς ἡμέρας…διδάσκων	1	during the days he was teaching	“during the daytime he would teach” or “he would teach each day.” The following verses tell about things that Jesus and the people did each day during the week before he died.
LUK	21	37	zh1m	figs-explicit	ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	in the temple	Only priests were allowed in the temple. Alternate translation: “at the temple” or “in the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	21	37	x4g8		τὰς…δὲ νύκτας ἐξερχόμενος	1	at night he went out	“at night he would go out of the city” or “he went out each night”
LUK	21	38	mu6l	figs-hyperbole	πᾶς ὁ λαὸς	1	all of the people	The word “all” is probably an exaggeration to emphasize that the crowd was very large. Alternate translation: “A very large number of people in the city” or “Almost everyone in the city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	21	38	bky8		ὤρθριζεν	1	were coming early in the morning	“would come early each morning”
LUK	21	38	cbx2		ἀκούειν αὐτοῦ	1	to hear him	“to hear him teach”
LUK	22	intro	y8nr			0		# Luke 22 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The eating of the body and blood<br><br>[Luke 22:19-20](./19.md) describes Jesus’ last meal with his followers. At this time, Jesus told them that what they were eating and drinking were his body and his blood. Nearly all Christian churches celebrate “the Lord’s Supper,” the “Eucharist”, or “Holy Communion” to remember this meal.<br><br>### The new covenant<br><br>Some people think that Jesus established the new covenant during the supper. Others think he established it after he went up to heaven. Others think it will not be established until Jesus comes again. Your translation should say no more about this than the ULT does. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 22:22](../../luk/22/22.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br>
LUK	22	1	cf6p	writing-background		0	General Information:	Judas agrees to betray Jesus. These verses give background information about this event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	22	1	q8fa	writing-newevent	δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to introduce a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	22	1	jjy9	figs-explicit	ἡ ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἀζύμων	1	the Festival of Unleavened Bread	The festival was called by this name because during the festival, the Jews did not eat bread that was made with yeast. Alternate translation: “festival when they would eat unleavened bread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	1	u5jm		ἤγγιζεν	1	was approaching	“was almost ready to begin”
LUK	22	2	n9v6		τὸ πῶς ἀνέλωσιν αὐτόν	1	how they might put him to death	The priests and scribes did not have the authority to kill Jesus themselves, but they hoped to get others to kill him. Alternate translation: “how they might cause Jesus to be put to death” or “how they could cause someone to kill Jesus”
LUK	22	2	aij5		ἐφοβοῦντο…τὸν λαόν	1	they were afraid of the people	Possible meanings are 1) “scared of what the people might do” or 2) “scared that the people would make Jesus king.”
LUK	22	3	gf9s			0	General Information:	This is the beginning of the action in this part of the story.
LUK	22	3	r65v		εἰσῆλθεν…Σατανᾶς εἰς Ἰούδαν…Ἰσκαριώτην	1	Satan entered into Judas…Iscariot	This was probably very similar to demon possession.
LUK	22	4	t5uz		τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν	1	the chief priests	“the leaders of the priests”
LUK	22	4	qpi4		στρατηγοῖς	1	captains	officers of the temple guards
LUK	22	4	s7qx		τὸ πῶς αὐτοῖς παραδῷ αὐτόν	1	about how he might betray Jesus to them	“how he would help them arrest Jesus”
LUK	22	5	ir4p		ἐχάρησαν	1	They were glad	“The chief priests and captains were glad”
LUK	22	5	usn7		αὐτῷ ἀργύριον δοῦναι	1	to give him money	“to give Judas money”
LUK	22	6	ft64		ἐξωμολόγησεν	1	he agreed	“He agreed”
LUK	22	6	w2i9	writing-endofstory	ἐζήτει εὐκαιρίαν τοῦ παραδοῦναι αὐτὸν ἄτερ ὄχλου αὐτοῖς	1	began seeking an opportunity to deliver him to them away from the crowd	This is an ongoing action that continues after this part of the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	22	6	r6xx		τοῦ παραδοῦναι αὐτὸν	1	to betray him	“take him”
LUK	22	6	bw75		ἄτερ ὄχλου	1	away from the crowd	“privately” or “when there was no crowd around him”
LUK	22	7	hh9a	writing-background		0	General Information:	Jesus sends Peter and John to prepare for the Passover meal. Verse 7 gives background information about the event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	22	7	veh1		ἡ ἡμέρα τῶν Ἀζύμων	1	the day of unleavened bread	“the day of bread without yeast.” This was the day the Jews would take all bread made with yeast out of their homes. Then they would celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread for seven days.
LUK	22	7	rqi1	figs-explicit	ἔδει θύεσθαι τὸ Πάσχα	1	it was necessary to sacrifice the Passover lamb	Each family or group of people would kill a lamb and eat it together, so many lambs were killed. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “people had to kill a lamb for their Passover meal” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	8	nkz4		ἑτοιμάσατε	1	prepare	This is a general word meaning “make ready.” Jesus was not necessarily telling Peter and John to do all the cooking.
LUK	22	8	e4ev	figs-inclusive	ἵνα φάγωμεν	1	so that we may eat it	Jesus was including Peter and John when he said “we.” Peter and John would be part of the group of the disciples that would eat the meal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-inclusive]])
LUK	22	9	j52e	figs-exclusive	θέλεις ἑτοιμάσωμεν	1	you want us to make preparations	The word “us” does not include Jesus. Jesus would not be part of the group that would prepare the meal. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	22	9	s8yw		ἑτοιμάσωμεν	1	to make preparations	“make preparations for the meal” or “prepare the meal”
LUK	22	10	um6z		ὁ…εἶπεν αὐτοῖς	1	He answered them	“Jesus answered Peter and John”
LUK	22	10	c13w		ἰδοὺ	1	Look	Jesus used this word to tell them to pay close attention and to do exactly what he tells them.
LUK	22	10	i45e		συναντήσει ὑμῖν ἄνθρωπος, κεράμιον ὕδατος βαστάζων	1	a man bearing a pitcher of water will meet you	“you will see a man carrying a pitcher of water”
LUK	22	10	a677		κεράμιον ὕδατος βαστάζων	1	bearing a pitcher of water	“carrying a jar with water in it.” He probably would be carrying the jar on his shoulder.
LUK	22	10	cc34		ἀκολουθήσατε αὐτῷ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν	1	Follow him into the house	“Follow him, and go into the house”
LUK	22	11	khy9	figs-quotations	λέγει σοι ὁ διδάσκαλος, ποῦ ἐστιν τὸ κατάλυμα, ὅπου τὸ Πάσχα μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν μου φάγω?	1	The Teacher says to you, “Where is the guest room, where I will eat the Passover with my disciples?”	The quote beginning with “Where is the guest room” is a direct quote of what Jesus, the teacher, wants to say to the master of his house. It can be translated as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “Our teacher asks where the guest room is in which he will eat the Passover with his disciples.” or “Our teacher says to show us the guest room where he will eat the Passover with us and the rest of his disciples.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	22	11	iv6f		ὁ διδάσκαλος	1	The Teacher	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	22	11	pq8q		τὸ Πάσχα…φάγω	1	I will eat the Passover	“eat the Passover meal”
LUK	22	12	ypk9			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues giving instructions to Peter and John.
LUK	22	12	lpw6		κἀκεῖνος ὑμῖν δείξει	1	He will show you	“The owner of the house will show you”
LUK	22	12	lg2z		ἀνάγαιον	1	upper room	“room upstairs.” If your community does not have houses with rooms above other rooms, you may need to consider how to describe buildings in the city.
LUK	22	13	g9ty		ἀπελθόντες δὲ	1	So they went	“So Peter and John went”
LUK	22	14	u3c6			0	Connecting Statement:	This is the next event in the part of the story about the Passover. Jesus and his disciples are sitting to eat the Passover meal.
LUK	22	14	j1dn		καὶ ὅτε ἐγένετο ἡ ὥρα	1	Now when the hour came	“When it was time to eat the meal”
LUK	22	14	lnc6		ἀνέπεσεν	1	he reclined at table	“Jesus sat down”
LUK	22	15	hue3		ἐπιθυμίᾳ ἐπεθύμησα	1	I have greatly desired	“I have wanted very much”
LUK	22	15	s1sj		πρὸ τοῦ με παθεῖν	1	before I suffer	Jesus is referring ahead to his death. The word for “suffer” here means to go through an unusually difficult or painful experience.
LUK	22	16	gbj7		λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν	1	For I say to you	Jesus uses this phrase to emphasize the importance of what he will say next.
LUK	22	16	k28r	figs-activepassive	ἕως ὅτου πληρωθῇ	1	until when it is fulfilled	This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) until the purpose of the Passover Festival is accomplished. Alternate translation: “until God fulfills it” or “until God completes the purpose of the Passover Festival” or 2) “until we celebrate the final Passover Festival” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	17	l5e6		δεξάμενος ποτήριον	1	he took a cup	“picked up a cup of wine”
LUK	22	17	d7pc		εὐχαριστήσας	1	when he had given thanks	“when he had given thanks to God”
LUK	22	17	li2n		εἶπεν	1	he said	“he said to his apostles”
LUK	22	17	xvm7	figs-metonymy	διαμερίσατε εἰς ἑαυτούς	1	divide it among yourselves	They were to share the contents of the cup, and not the cup itself. Alternate translation: “share the wine in the cup among yourselves” or “each of you drink some of the wine from the cup” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	18	m78n		λέγω γὰρ ὑμῖν	1	For I say to you	This phrase is used to emphasize the importance of what Jesus will say next.
LUK	22	18	h5tl		τοῦ γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου	1	the fruit of the vine	This refers to the juice that is squeezed from the grapes that grow on grapevines. Wine is made from fermented grape juice.
LUK	22	18	crv5		ἕως οὗ ἡ Βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἔλθῃ	1	until the kingdom of God comes	“until God establishes his kingdom” or “until God rules in his kingdom”
LUK	22	19	nd2m		ἄρτον	1	bread	This bread did not have yeast in it, so it was flat.
LUK	22	19	d3yc		ἔκλασεν	1	he broke it	“he ripped it” or “he tore it.” He may have divided it into many pieces or he may have divided it into two pieces and given them to the apostles to divide among themselves. If possible, use an expression that would apply to either situation.
LUK	22	19	d8r1		τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ σῶμά μου	1	This is my body	Possible meanings are 1) “This bread is my body” and 2) “This bread represents my body.”
LUK	22	19	lc9m	figs-activepassive	τὸ σῶμά μου, τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν διδόμενον	1	my body which is given for you	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “my body, which I will give for you” or “my body, which I will sacrifice for you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	19	cxy5		τοῦτο ποιεῖτε	1	Do this	“Eat this bread”
LUK	22	19	c4hy		εἰς τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάμνησιν	1	in remembrance of me	“in order to remember me”
LUK	22	20	z3cx	figs-metonymy	τοῦτο τὸ ποτήριον	1	This cup	The word “cup” refers to the wine in the cup. Alternate translation: “The wine in this cup” or “This cup of wine” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	20	gc8h		ἡ καινὴ διαθήκη ἐν τῷ αἵματί μου	1	the new covenant in my blood	This new covenant will take effect as soon his blood is shed. Alternate translation: “the new covenant that will be ratified through my blood”
LUK	22	20	v4d3	figs-metonymy	τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν ἐκχυννόμενον	1	which is poured out for you	Jesus speaks of his death by referring to his blood being poured out. Alternate translation: “which is poured out in death for you” or “which will flow out of my wounds for you when I die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	21	swj1			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking to his apostles.
LUK	22	21	g6ks		τοῦ παραδιδόντος με	1	The one who betrays me	“The one who will betray me”
LUK	22	22	wtj2		ὅτι ὁ Υἱὸς μὲν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου…πορεύεται	1	For the Son of Man indeed goes	“For, indeed, the Son of Man will go” or “For the Son of Man will die”
LUK	22	22	mk3q	figs-123person	ὁ Υἱὸς μὲν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου…πορεύεται	1	the Son of Man indeed goes	Jesus is speaking about himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man, indeed go” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	22	22	p2qa	figs-activepassive	κατὰ τὸ ὡρισμένον	1	as it has been determined	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “as God has determined” or “as God has planned” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	22	wy2s	figs-activepassive	πλὴν οὐαὶ τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐκείνῳ δι’ οὗ παραδίδοται	1	But woe to that man through whom he is betrayed	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “But woe to the man who betrays the Son of Man” or “But how terrible it will be for that man who betrays the Son of Man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	24	yyw9		ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ φιλονικία ἐν αὐτοῖς	1	Then there arose also a quarrel among them	“Then the apostles began to argue among themselves”
LUK	22	24	y9ce	figs-activepassive	δοκεῖ εἶναι μείζων	1	was considered to be greatest	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “was the most important” or “the people would think was most important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	25	vc5d		ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς	1	So he said to them	“Jesus said to the apostles”
LUK	22	25	zjf5		κυριεύουσιν αὐτῶν	1	are masters over themlord it over them	“rule forcefully over the Gentiles”
LUK	22	25	tw4y		καλοῦνται	1	are referred to as	The people probably did not think of those rulers as people who do good to their people. Alternate translation: “like to be called” or “call themselves”
LUK	22	26	x6cq			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues teaching his apostles.
LUK	22	26	ne9r		ὑμεῖς…οὐχ οὕτως	1	it must not be like this with you	“you should not act like that”
LUK	22	26	cdq7	figs-metaphor	ὁ νεώτερος	1	the youngest	Older people were respected in that culture. The leaders were usually older people and were called “elders.” The youngest person would be the least likely to lead, and the least important. Alternate translation: “the least important” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	22	26	y4n1		ὁ διακονῶν	1	the one who serves	“a servant”
LUK	22	27	mw2l		γὰρ	1	For	This connects Jesus’ commands in verse 26 with the whole of verse 27. It means that the most important person should serve because Jesus is a servant.
LUK	22	27	jt7r	figs-rquestion	τίς γὰρ μείζων…ὁ ἀνακείμενος?	1	For who is greater…the one who serves?	“For who is more important…serves?” Jesus uses this question to begin to explain to the apostles who is truly great. Alternate translation: “I want you to think about who is greater…serves.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	27	n3dl		ὁ ἀνακείμενος	1	the one who reclines at table	“the one who is dining”
LUK	22	27	lu3a	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ ὁ ἀνακείμενος?	1	Is it not the one who reclines at table?	Jesus uses another question to teach the disciples. Alternate translation: “Of course the one who sits at the table is more important than the servant!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	27	qbn6		ἐγὼ δὲ ἐν μέσῳ ὑμῶν εἰμι ὡς ὁ διακονῶν	1	Yet I am among you as one who serves	“But I am with you to be a servant” or “But I am with you to show you how a servant acts.” The word “yet” is here because there is a contrast between what people would expect Jesus to be like and what he really was like.
LUK	22	28	i9xb		οἱ διαμεμενηκότες μετ’ ἐμοῦ, ἐν τοῖς πειρασμοῖς μου	1	the ones who have continued with me in my temptations	“have stayed with me through my struggles”
LUK	22	29	w4pd		κἀγὼ διατίθεμαι ὑμῖν, καθὼς διέθετό μοι ὁ Πατήρ μου βασιλείαν	1	I grant to you, just as my Father has granted to me, a kingdom	Some languages may need to change the order. Alternate translation: “Just as my father has given a kingdom to me, I give a kingdom to you”
LUK	22	29	nly5		κἀγὼ διατίθεμαι ὑμῖν…βασιλείαν	1	I grant to you a kingdom	“I make you rulers in God’s kingdom” or “I give you authority to rule in the kingdom” or “I will make you kings”
LUK	22	29	ii65		καθὼς διέθετό μοι ὁ Πατήρ μου	1	just as my Father has granted to me	“just as my Father has given me authority to rule as king in his kingdom”
LUK	22	30	us1j	figs-metonymy	καθῆσθε ἐπὶ θρόνων	1	you will sit on thrones	Kings sit on thrones. Sitting on a throne is a symbol of ruling. Alternate translation: “you will work as kings” or “you will do the work of kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	31	vhm5			0	General Information:	Jesus speaks directly to Simon.
LUK	22	31	t8qd		Σίμων, Σίμων	1	Simon, Simon	Jesus said his name twice to show that what he was about to say to him was very important.
LUK	22	31	dmw8	figs-you	ὑμᾶς	1	you	The word “you” refers to all of the apostles. Languages that have different forms of “you” should use the plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	22	31	qyy7	figs-metaphor	ὑμᾶς τοῦ σινιάσαι ὡς τὸν σῖτον	1	to sift you as wheat	This means that Satan wanted to test the disciples to find something wrong. Alternate translation: “test you like someone passes grain through a sieve” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	22	32	pd1t	figs-you	ἐγὼ δὲ ἐδεήθην περὶ σοῦ	1	But I have prayed for you	The word “you” here refers specifically to Simon. Languages that have different forms of you should use the singular form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	22	32	zp8w		ἵνα μὴ ἐκλίπῃ ἡ πίστις σου	1	so that your faith may not fail	This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “that you will continue to have faith” or “that you will continue to trust me”
LUK	22	32	qxk7	figs-metaphor	ποτε ἐπιστρέψας	1	when you have turned back	Here “turned back again” is a metaphor for starting to believe in someone again. Alternate translation: “After you start believing in me again” or “After you start serving me again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	22	32	f9v8		στήρισον τοὺς ἀδελφούς σου	1	strengthen your brothers	“encourage your brothers to be strong in their faith” or “help your brothers believe in me”
LUK	22	32	r7ux		τοὺς ἀδελφούς σου	1	your brothers	This refers to the other disciples. Alternate translation: “your fellow believers” or “the other disciples”
LUK	22	34	zt8v		οὐ φωνήσει σήμερον ἀλέκτωρ, ἕως τρίς με ἀπαρνήσῃ εἰδέναι	1	the rooster will not crow today, before you deny three times that you know me	The order of the parts of the verse can be reversed. Alternate translation: “you will deny three times that you know me before the rooster crows this day”
LUK	22	34	tu15		οὐ φωνήσει σήμερον ἀλέκτωρ, ἕως…ἀπαρνήσῃ	1	the rooster will not crow today, before you deny	This can be stated positively. Alternate translation: “the rooster will crow this day only after you deny” or “before the rooster crows today, you will deny”
LUK	22	34	pwj1	figs-metonymy	οὐ φωνήσει…ἀλέκτωρ	1	the rooster will not crow	Here, the crowing of the rooster refers to a certain time of day. Roosters often crow just before the sun appears in the morning. Therefore, this refers to dawn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	34	eq7h		ἀλέκτωρ	1	rooster	a bird that calls out loudly around the time the sun comes up
LUK	22	34	zaq1	figs-explicit	σήμερον	1	today	The Jewish day begins at sunset. Jesus was speaking after the sun had set. The rooster would crow just before morning. The morning was part of “this day.” Alternate translation: “tonight” or “in the morning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	35	rb56			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus turns his attention back to speaking to all of his disciples.
LUK	22	35	cv68	figs-rquestion	καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς, ὅτε…μή τινος ὑστερήσατε? οἱ δὲ εἶπαν, οὐθενός.	1	Then he said to them, “When…did you lack anything?” They answered, “Nothing.”	Jesus uses a question to help the apostles remember how well the people provided for them as they traveled. Though this is a rhetorical question and Jesus is not asking for information, you should translate it as a question unless only a statement would cause the disciples to reply that they had lacked nothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	35	a5jt	figs-you	ὅτε ἀπέστειλα ὑμᾶς	1	When I sent you out	Jesus was talking to his apostles. So languages that have different forms of “you” should use the plural form. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	22	35	dny3	figs-metonymy	βαλλαντίου	1	purse	A purse is a bag for holding money. Here it is used to refer to “money.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	35	dr5g		πήρας	1	a bag of provisions	“travelers’ bag” or “bag of food”
LUK	22	35	tb51	figs-ellipsis	οὐθενός	1	Nothing	It may be helpful to some audiences to include more about the conversation. Alternate translation: “We did not lack anything” or “We had everything we needed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	22	36	h7j7		ὁ μὴ ἔχων, πωλησάτω τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ…μάχαιραν	1	The one who does not have a sword should sell his cloak	Jesus was not referring to a specific person who did not have a sword. Alternate translation: “If anyone does not have a sword, he should sell his cloak”
LUK	22	36	q717		τὸ ἱμάτιον	1	cloak	“coat” or “outer garment”
LUK	22	37	n73l			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes speaking with his disciples.
LUK	22	37	g4l7	figs-activepassive	τὸ γεγραμμένον	1	this which is written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what a prophet wrote about me in the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	37	u9jx	figs-activepassive	δεῖ τελεσθῆναι	1	must be fulfilled	The apostles would have understood that God would cause everything written in the scriptures to happen. Alternate translation: “God will fulfill” or “God will cause to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	37	jf1f	figs-activepassive	μετὰ ἀνόμων ἐλογίσθη	1	He was counted with the lawless ones	Here Jesus is quoting the scriptures. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “People counted him as a member of the group of lawless men” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	37	jz9d		ἀνόμων	1	the lawless ones	“those who break the law” or “the criminals”
LUK	22	37	se1d	figs-activepassive	καὶ γὰρ τὸ περὶ ἐμοῦ τέλος ἔχει	1	For indeed the things concerning me are being fulfilled	Possible meanings are 1) “For what the prophet predicted about me is about to happen” or 2) “For my life is coming to an end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	38	ajs4		οἱ…εἶπαν	1	they said	This refers to at least two of Jesus’ apostles.
LUK	22	38	kbt8		ἱκανόν ἐστιν	1	It is enough	Possible meanings are 1) they have enough swords. “We now have enough swords.” or 2) Jesus wants them to stop talking about having swords. “No more of this talk about swords.” When Jesus said that they should buy swords, he was mainly telling them about the danger they would all face. He may not have really wanted them to buy swords and fight.
LUK	22	39	zaw6			0	General Information:	Jesus goes to the Mount of Olives to pray.
LUK	22	40	b6pz		προσεύχεσθε μὴ εἰσελθεῖν εἰς πειρασμόν	1	Pray that you do not enter into temptation	“that you are not tempted” or “that nothing tempts you and causes you to sin”
LUK	22	41	sp1s	figs-idiom	ὡσεὶ λίθου βολήν	1	about a stone’s throw	“about the distance that someone can throw a stone.” Alternate translation: “a short distance” or with an estimated measurement like “about thirty meters” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	22	42	j48l		Πάτερ, εἰ βούλει	1	Father, if you are willing	Jesus will bear the guilt of every person’s sin on the cross. He prays to his Father, asking if there is another way.
LUK	22	42	y51l	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Πάτερ	1	Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	22	42	ic7y	figs-metaphor	παρένεγκε τοῦτο τὸ ποτήριον ἀπ’ ἐμοῦ	1	remove this cup from me	Jesus refers to what he will soon experience as if it were a cup of bitter liquid that he would have to drink. Alternate translation: “allow me to not drink from this cup” or “allow me to not experience what is about to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	22	42	zw2y	figs-activepassive	πλὴν μὴ τὸ θέλημά μου, ἀλλὰ τὸ σὸν γινέσθω	1	Nevertheless not my will, but yours be done	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “However, do what is according to your will rather than what is according to my will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	45	a9fg		ἀναστὰς ἀπὸ τῆς προσευχῆς, ἐλθὼν	1	When he rose up from his prayer, he came	“When Jesus got up after praying, he” or “After praying, Jesus got up and he”
LUK	22	45	gb3z		εὗρεν κοιμωμένους αὐτοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς λύπης	1	found them sleeping because of their sorrow	“saw that they were sleeping because they were tired from their sadness”
LUK	22	46	in7g	figs-rquestion	τί καθεύδετε?	1	Why are you sleeping?	Possible meanings are 1) “I am surprised that you are sleeping now.” or 2) “You should not be sleeping now!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	46	nl7w		ἵνα μὴ εἰσέλθητε εἰς πειρασμόν	1	so that you may not enter into temptation	“so that you may not be tempted” or “so that nothing tempts you and causes you to sin”
LUK	22	47	kt25	writing-participants	ἰδοὺ, ὄχλος	1	behold, a crowd appeared	The word “behold” alerts us to a new group in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “there was a crowd that appeared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	22	47	mva7		προήρχετο αὐτούς	1	was leading them	Judas was showing the people where Jesus was. He was not telling the crowd what to do. Alternate translation: “leading them to Jesus”
LUK	22	47	c2l7	translate-unknown	φιλῆσαι αὐτόν	1	to kiss him	“to greet him with a kiss” or “to greet him by kissing him.” When men greeted other men who were family or friends, they would kiss them on one cheek or both cheeks. If your readers would find it embarrassing to say that a man would kiss another man, you could translate it in a more general way: “to give him a friendly greeting.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
LUK	22	48	e2n9	figs-rquestion	φιλήματι τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου παραδίδως?	1	are you betraying the Son of Man with a kiss?	Jesus uses a question to rebuke Judas for betraying him with a kiss. Normally a kiss is a sign of love. Alternate translation: “it is a kiss you are using to betray the Son of Man!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	48	zvk8	figs-123person	τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man	Jesus is using this term to refer to himself. Alternate translation: “me, the Son of Man, with” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	22	49	njs1		οἱ περὶ αὐτὸν	1	those who were around Jesus	This refers to Jesus’ disciples.
LUK	22	49	y5za		τὸ ἐσόμενον	1	what was going to happen	This refers to the priests and soldiers coming to arrest Jesus.
LUK	22	49	gv81	figs-explicit	εἰ πατάξομεν ἐν μαχαίρῃ?	1	should we strike with the sword?	The question is about the type of fight they should engage in (a sword fight), not what weapon they should use (the swords that they brought, [Luke 22:38](../22/38.md)), but your translation may need to speak of the weapons they brought. Alternate translation: “fight against them with the swords we brought” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	50	b4ij		εἷς τις ἐξ αὐτῶν	1	a certain one of them	“one of the disciples”
LUK	22	50	f2fm		ἐπάταξεν…τὸν δοῦλον τοῦ ἀρχιερέως	1	struck the servant of the high priest	“struck the servant of the high priest with a sword”
LUK	22	51	rcp5		ἐᾶτε ἕως τούτου	1	No more of this!	“Do not do any more of that”
LUK	22	51	c6pz		ἁψάμενος τοῦ ὠτίου	1	touching his ear	“touched the servant where his ear had been cut off”
LUK	22	52	fa7z	figs-rquestion	ὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε μετὰ μαχαιρῶν καὶ ξύλων?	1	Do you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs?	“Do you come out with swords and clubs because you think I am a robber?” Jesus uses this question to scold the Jewish leaders. Alternate translation: “You know that I am not a robber, yet you come out to me bringing swords and clubs.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	53	g1tu		καθ’ ἡμέραν ὄντος μου μεθ’ ὑμῶν	1	When I was daily with you	“I was among you every day”
LUK	22	53	a6qu		ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	in the temple	Only priests entered the temple. Alternate translation: “in the temple courts” or “at the temple”
LUK	22	53	c4is	figs-metonymy	οὐκ ἐξετείνατε τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ’ ἐμέ	1	you did not lay your hands on me	In this verse, to lay hands on someone is to arrest that person. Alternate translation: “arrest me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	53	gw9n		αὕτη ἐστὶν ὑμῶν ἡ ὥρα	1	this is your hour	“this is the time for you to do whatever you want”
LUK	22	53	mzb4	figs-ellipsis	ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους	1	the authority of the darkness	It may be helpful to repeat the reference to time. “Darkness” is a metonym for Satan. Alternate translation: “the time of the authority of darkness” or “the time when God is allowing Satan to do whatever he wants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	54	mtp8		ἤγαγον	1	they led him away	“led Jesus away from the garden where they had arrested him”
LUK	22	54	ct8h		εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἀρχιερέως	1	into the house of the high priest	“into the courtyard of the high priest’s house”
LUK	22	55	b3x7		περιαψάντων…πῦρ	1	they had kindled a fire	“some people had made a fire.” The fire was to keep the people warm during the cool night. Alternate translation: “some people started a fire to keep warm”
LUK	22	55	qx64		μέσῳ τῆς αὐλῆς	1	the middle of the courtyard	This was the courtyard at the high priest’s house. It had walls around it, but no roof.
LUK	22	55	m8ew		μέσος αὐτῶν	1	in the midst of them	“together with them”
LUK	22	56	fm4t		καθήμενον πρὸς τὸ φῶς	1	as he sat in the light of the fire	He sat near the fire and its line shone on him.
LUK	22	56	fxz3		καὶ ἀτενίσασα αὐτῷ εἶπεν	1	and looking straight at him, said	“and she looked straight at Peter and said to the other people in the courtyard”
LUK	22	56	zu63		καὶ οὗτος σὺν αὐτῷ ἦν	1	This man also was with him	The woman was telling the people about Peter being with Jesus. She probably did not know Peter’s name.
LUK	22	57	dzq9		ὁ δὲ ἠρνήσατο	1	But Peter denied it	“But Peter said that it was not true”
LUK	22	57	vdm1		οὐκ οἶδα αὐτόν, γύναι	1	Woman, I do not know him	Peter did not know the woman’s name. He was not insulting her by calling her “woman.” If people would think he was insulting her, you could use a culturally acceptable way for a man to address a woman he does not know, or you could leave out the word.
LUK	22	58	i65s		καὶ σὺ ἐξ αὐτῶν εἶ	1	You are also one of them	“You are also one of those who were with Jesus”
LUK	22	58	cyv7		ἄνθρωπε, οὐκ εἰμί	1	Man, I am not	Peter did not know the man’s name. He was not insulting him by calling him “Man.” If people would think he was insulting him, you could use a culturally acceptable way for a man to address a man he does not know, or you could leave out the word.
LUK	22	59	h5tb		διϊσχυρίζετο λέγων	1	insisted, saying	“said insistently” or “said loudly”
LUK	22	59	fc42		ἐπ’ ἀληθείας…οὗτος	1	In truth, this one	Here “this man” refers to Peter. The speaker probably did not know Peter’s name.
LUK	22	59	qwf7	figs-explicit	Γαλιλαῖός ἐστιν	1	he is a Galilean	The man could probably tell Peter was from Galilee from the way he talked. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	60	ck93		ἄνθρωπε	1	Man	Peter did not know the man’s name. He was not insulting him by calling him “Man.” If people would think he was insulting him, you could use a culturally acceptable way for a man to address a man he does not know, or you could leave out the word. See how you translated this in [Luke 22:58](../22/58.md).
LUK	22	60	al3s	figs-idiom	οὐκ οἶδα ὃ λέγεις	1	I do not know what you are saying	“I do not know what you are talking about.” This expression means that Peter completely disagrees with the man. Alternate translation: “what you said is not true at all” or “what you said is completely false” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	22	60	p6c5		ἔτι λαλοῦντος αὐτοῦ	1	while he was still speaking	“while Peter was speaking”
LUK	22	60	lt62		ἐφώνησεν ἀλέκτωρ	1	a rooster crowed	Roosters often crow just before the sun appears in the morning. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Luke 22:34](../22/34.md).
LUK	22	61	gdp5		στραφεὶς, ὁ Κύριος ἐνέβλεψεν τῷ Πέτρῳ	1	turning, the Lord looked at Peter	“The Lord turned and looked at Peter”
LUK	22	61	dpk1		τοῦ ῥήματος τοῦ Κυρίου	1	the word of the Lord	“what Jesus had said” when Jesus had said that Peter would betray Jesus
LUK	22	61	kkq8		ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι	1	a rooster crows	Roosters often crow just before the sun appears in the morning. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Luke 22:34](../22/34.md).
LUK	22	61	ui26	figs-explicit	σήμερον	1	today	The Jewish day started at sundown and continued to the next evening. Jesus had spoken the previous evening about what would happen shortly before dawn or at dawn. Alternate translation: “tonight” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	61	zjc6		ἀπαρνήσῃ με τρίς	1	deny me three times	“deny three times that you know me”
LUK	22	62	m5gu		ἐξελθὼν ἔξω	1	he went outside	“Peter went out of the courtyard”
LUK	22	64	zn1p		περικαλύψαντες αὐτὸν	1	They put a cover over him	“They covered his eyes so that he could not see”
LUK	22	64	cl2v	figs-irony	προφήτευσον, τίς ἐστιν ὁ παίσας σε	1	Prophesy! Who is the one who hit you?	The guards did not believe that Jesus was a prophet. Rather, they believed that a real prophet would know who hit him even if he could not see. They called Jesus a prophet, but they were teasing him and showing him why they did not think that he was a prophet. Alternate translation: “Prove that you are a prophet. Tell us who hit you!” or “Hey prophet, who hit you?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
LUK	22	64	q4g1	figs-explicit	προφήτευσον	1	Prophesy!	“Speak words from God!” The implied information is that God would have to tell Jesus who struck him since Jesus was blindfolded and could not see. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	66	wa4h			0	General Information:	It is now the next day and Jesus is brought before the council.
LUK	22	66	v9m2		καὶ ὡς ἐγένετο ἡμέρα	1	Now when it was day	“At dawn the next morning”
LUK	22	66	vp8u	figs-activepassive	ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ Συνέδριον αὐτῶν	1	They led him into their council	Possible meanings are 1) “The elders had Jesus brought into the council” or 2) “The guards led Jesus into the council of the elders.” Some languages may avoid saying who led him by using the pronoun “they” or by using a passive verb: “Jesus was led into the council” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	22	67	br8y		λέγοντες	1	saying	A new sentence can be started here. Alternate translation: “The elders said to Jesus”
LUK	22	67	h12k		εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστός, εἰπὸν ἡμῖν	1	If you are the Christ, tell us	“Tell us if you are the Christ”
LUK	22	67	g8iy	figs-hypo	ἐὰν ὑμῖν εἴπω, οὐ μὴ πιστεύσητε	1	If I tell you, you will certainly not believe	This is the first of two hypothetical statements by Jesus. It was a way for Jesus to respond without giving them a reason to say that he was guilty of blasphemy. Your language may have a way of indicating that the action has not actually happened. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	22	68	l7nz	figs-hypo	ἐὰν…ἐρωτήσω, οὐ μὴ ἀποκριθῆτε	1	if I ask you, you will certainly not answer	This is the second hypothetical statement. It was a way for Jesus to rebuke them without giving them a reason to convict him. These words, along with “If I tell you, you will not believe” (verse 67), show that Jesus did not believe that the council was really looking for the truth. Your language may have a way of indicating that the action has not actually happened. Jesus is saying that whether he speaks or asks them to speak, they will not respond correctly. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo]])
LUK	22	69	xsz9			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking to the council.
LUK	22	69	z3ea		ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν	1	from now on	“from this day” or “starting from today”
LUK	22	69	p8kt	figs-123person	ἔσται ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου	1	the Son of Man will be	Jesus uses this phrase to refer to himself. Alternate translation: “I, the Son of Man, will” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	22	69	nka9	translate-symaction	καθήμενος ἐκ δεξιῶν τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	seated at the right hand of the power of God	To sit at the “right hand of God” is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “seated in the place of honor beside the power of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	22	69	h4n3	figs-metonymy	τῆς δυνάμεως τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	the power of God	“the all-powerful God.” Here “power” refers to his supreme authority. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	22	70	udh2	figs-explicit	σὺ οὖν εἶ ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	Then you are the Son of God?	The council asked this question because they wanted Jesus to explicitly confirm their understanding that he was saying he was the Son of God. Alternate translation: “So when you said that, did you mean that you are the Son of God?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	22	70	l4j7	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ	1	Son of God	This is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	22	70	jtr9		ὑμεῖς λέγετε ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι	1	You are saying that I am	“Yes, it is just like you say”
LUK	22	71	u3m3	figs-rquestion	τί ἔτι ἔχομεν μαρτυρίας χρείαν?	1	What further need do we have of a witness?	They use a question for emphasis. Alternate translation: “We have no further need for witnesses!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	22	71	lpm4	figs-metonymy	ἠκούσαμεν ἀπὸ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ	1	we have heard from his own mouth	The phrase “his own mouth” refers to his speech. Alternate translation: “heard him say that he believes he is the Son of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	23	intro	p6wq			0		# Luke 23 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>The ULT sets the last line of this chapter apart because it is more connected with chapter 24 than with chapter 23.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Accuse<br><br>The chief priests and scribes accused Jesus of doing evil because they wanted Pilate to kill Jesus. But they were accusing him falsely, because Jesus had never done what they accused him of doing.<br><br>### “The curtain of the temple was split in two”<br><br>The curtain in the temple was an important symbol that showed that people needed to have someone speak to God for them. They could not speak to God directly because all people are sinful and God hates sin. God split the curtain to show that Jesus’ people can now speak to God directly because Jesus has paid for their sins.<br><br>### The tomb<br><br>The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Luke 23:53](../../luk/23/53.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter.<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “I find no fault in this man”<br><br>Pilate was saying that he did not know of any reason why he should punish Jesus because Jesus had not broken any laws. Pilate was not saying that Jesus was perfect.<br>
LUK	23	1	pi3d			0	General Information:	Jesus is brought before Pilate.
LUK	23	1	sgf1		ἅπαν τὸ πλῆθος αὐτῶν	1	The whole company of them	“All of the Jewish leaders” or “All the members of the Council”
LUK	23	1	mvn9		ἀναστὰν	1	rose up	“stood” or “stood to their feet”
LUK	23	1	k4aa	figs-metaphor	ἐπὶ τὸν Πειλᾶτον	1	before Pilate	To appear before someone means to enter into their authority. Alternate translation: “to be judged by Pilate” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	23	2	mtc8	figs-exclusive	εὕρομεν	1	We found	“We” refers only the Council members, and not to Pilate of any other people nearby. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	23	2	im4v		διαστρέφοντα τὸ ἔθνος ἡμῶν	1	perverting our nation	“causing our people to do things that are not right” or “causing trouble by telling lies to our people”
LUK	23	2	xsa4		κωλύοντα φόρους…διδόναι	1	forbidding to give tribute	“telling them not to pay taxes”
LUK	23	2	l68k	figs-metonymy	Καίσαρι	1	to Caesar	Caesar represents the Emperor of Rome. Alternate translation: “to the Emperor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	23	3	z5hu		ὁ δὲ Πειλᾶτος ἠρώτησεν αὐτὸν	1	So Pilate questioned him	“Pilate asked Jesus”
LUK	23	3	ve4s	figs-explicit	σὺ λέγεις	1	You say so	Possible meanings are 1) by saying this, Jesus implied that he is the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: “Yes, as you said, I am” or “Yes. It is as you said” or 2) by saying this, Jesus was saying that Pilate, not Jesus, was the one calling him the King of the Jews. Alternate translation: “You yourself have said so” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	4	fx7d		τοὺς ὄχλους	1	the crowds	large groups of people
LUK	23	4	s8fi		οὐδὲν εὑρίσκω αἴτιον ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ	1	I find no fault in this man	“I do not find this man guilty of anything”
LUK	23	5	yy6w		ἀνασείει	1	He stirs up	“causes trouble among”
LUK	23	5	cr78		ὅλης τῆς Ἰουδαίας, καὶ ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἕως ὧδε	1	all Judea, and beginning from Galilee, even to this place	This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “all Judea. He began causing trouble in Galilee and now is causing trouble here”
LUK	23	6	vvp6		ἀκούσας	1	when heard this	“heard that Jesus began to teach in Galilee”
LUK	23	6	px94		ἐπηρώτησεν εἰ ὁ ἄνθρωπος Γαλιλαῖός ἐστιν	1	he asked whether the man was a Galilean	Pilate wanted to know from which area Jesus came because he wanted to have a lower-ranking government official judge Jesus. If Jesus were from Galilee, Pilate could have Herod judge Jesus because Herod had authority over Galilee.
LUK	23	6	dr1s		ὁ ἄνθρωπος	1	the man	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	23	7	cbn1		ἐπιγνοὺς	1	When he discovered	“Pilate found out”
LUK	23	7	mn6i	figs-explicit	ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου ἐστὶν	1	he was under Herod’s authority	The passage does not state the implied fact that Herod was the ruler of Galilee. Alternate translation: “Jesus was under the authority of Herod because Herod ruled over Galilee” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	7	ay2i		ἀνέπεμψεν	1	he sent	“Pilate sent”
LUK	23	7	i163		ὄντα…αὐτὸν	1	who was himself	This refers to Herod.
LUK	23	7	ys2n		ἐν ταύταις ταῖς ἡμέραις	1	in those days	“at that time”
LUK	23	8	k9z8		ἐχάρη λείαν; ἦν	1	he was very glad	“Herod was very glad”
LUK	23	8	z3zz		θέλων ἰδεῖν αὐτὸν	1	he had wanted to see him	“Herod had wanted to see Jesus”
LUK	23	8	gp7u		τὸ ἀκούειν περὶ αὐτοῦ	1	he had heard about him	“Herod had heard about Jesus”
LUK	23	8	vg5u		ἤλπιζέν	1	he was hoping	“Herod hoped”
LUK	23	8	b424	figs-activepassive	τι σημεῖον ἰδεῖν ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ γινόμενον	1	to see some sign done by him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “to see him perform some kind of miracle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	9	hbp3		ἐπηρώτα δὲ αὐτὸν ἐν λόγοις ἱκανοῖς	1	So he questioned him in many words	“Herod asked Jesus a lot of questions”
LUK	23	9	c8li		οὐδὲν ἀπεκρίνατο αὐτῷ	1	answered him nothing	“did not reply” or “did not give Herod an answer”
LUK	23	10	lpu6		ἵστήκεισαν…οἱ γραμματεῖς	1	the scribes stood	“the scribes were standing there”
LUK	23	10	hn8g		εὐτόνως κατηγοροῦντες αὐτοῦ	1	violently accusing him	“severely accusing Jesus” or “accusing him of all kinds of crimes”
LUK	23	11	p9yl		ὁ Ἡρῴδης σὺν τοῖς στρατεύμασιν αὐτοῦ	1	Herod and his soldiers	“Herod and his soldiers”
LUK	23	11	qt1c		περιβαλὼν ἐσθῆτα λαμπρὰν	1	Dressing him in elegant clothes	“put beautiful clothes on him.” The translation should not imply that this was done to honor or care for Jesus. They did it to mock Jesus and to make fun of him.
LUK	23	12	b6f1	figs-explicit	ἐγένοντο…φίλοι ὅ τε Ἡρῴδης καὶ ὁ Πειλᾶτος ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ μετ’ ἀλλήλων	1	both Herod and Pilate had become friends with each other that day	The implied information is that they became friends because Herod appreciated Pilate allowing him to judge Jesus. Alternate translation: “Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that very day because Pilate had sent Jesus to Herod for judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	12	x7r8	writing-background	προϋπῆρχον γὰρ ἐν ἔχθρᾳ ὄντες πρὸς αὑτούς	1	for previously there had been hostility between them	This information is enclosed in parentheses to show that it is background information. Use a format that your audience would understand. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	23	13	h89l		συνκαλεσάμενος τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας, καὶ τὸν λαὸν	1	called together the chief priests and the rulers and the crowd of people	“called the chief priests and the rulers and the crowd of people to come meet together”
LUK	23	13	d7gn	figs-explicit	τὸν λαὸν	1	the people	It is not likely that Pilate asked a crowd to come. The crowd was probably still there waiting to see what would happen to Jesus. Alternate translation: “the crowd that was still there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	14	dh77		τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον	1	this man	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	23	14	wsw6		ὡς ἀποστρέφοντα	1	as perverting	“saying that he”
LUK	23	14	ee53	figs-explicit	ἐνώπιον ὑμῶν ἀνακρίνας	1	having questioned him before you	“I have questioned Jesus in your presence, and.” It is implied that they were witnesses to the proceedings. Alternate translation: “I have questioned Jesus with you here as witnesses, and” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	14	e517		ἐγὼ…οὐθὲν εὗρον ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ	1	I find no fault in this man	“do not think that he is guilty”
LUK	23	15	k5gk			0	Connecting Statement:	Pilate continues speaking to the Jewish leaders and to the crowd.
LUK	23	15	h623	figs-ellipsis	ἀλλ’ οὐδὲ Ἡρῴδης	1	But neither did Herod	It may be helpful to add information that is not included in the short statement. Alternate translation: “Even Herod does not think he is guilty” or “Even Herod thinks he is innocent” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	23	15	bn7l		οὐδὲ Ἡρῴδης…γὰρ	1	neither did Herod, for	“nor does Herod, because” or “nor does Herod. We know this because”
LUK	23	15	i2ba	figs-exclusive	ἀνέπεμψεν…αὐτὸν πρὸς ἡμᾶς	1	he sent him back to us	“Herod sent Jesus to return to us.” The word “us” refers to Pilate, his soldiers, and the priests and scribes, but not those who were listening to Pilate. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	23	15	gs4m	figs-activepassive	οὐδὲν ἄξιον θανάτου ἐστὶν πεπραγμένον αὐτῷ	1	nothing that is worthy of death has been done by him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “he has not done anything to deserve a death sentence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	16	p5wa		παιδεύσας οὖν αὐτὸν	1	I will therefore punish him	Because Pilate had found no fault in Jesus he should have released him without punishment. It is not necessary to try to make this statement fit logically into the translation. Pilate punished Jesus, whom he knew to be innocent, only because he was afraid of the crowd.
LUK	23	18	cx37	writing-background		0	General Information:	Verse 19 tells us background information about who Barabbas is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	23	18	v7pf		ἀνέκραγον…πανπληθεὶ	1	they cried out all together	“All the people in the crowd shouted”
LUK	23	18	ib9q	figs-explicit	αἶρε τοῦτον, ἀπόλυσον δὲ	1	Away with this man, but release	“Take this man away! Release.” They are asking him to have his soldiers kill Jesus. Alternate translation: “Take this man away and execute him! Release” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	18	i6pj	figs-exclusive	ἀπόλυσον…ἡμῖν	1	release to us	“us” refers to the crowd only, and not to Pilate and his soldiers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])
LUK	23	19	vd6b	writing-background	ὅστις ἦν…φόνον, βληθεὶς ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ	1	He was put into prison…for murder	This is background information that Luke gives about who Barabbas was. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	23	19	qdv7	figs-activepassive	ὅστις ἦν…βληθεὶς ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ	1	He was put into prison	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Romans had put in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	19	zl1f		στάσιν τινὰ γενομένην ἐν τῇ πόλει	1	a certain rebellion that happened in the city	“trying to persuade the people of the city to rebel against the Roman government”
LUK	23	20	vbp4		πάλιν…προσεφώνησεν αὐτοῖς	1	again addressed them	“spoke to them again” or “spoke again to the people in the crowd and to the religious rulers”
LUK	23	20	t1i2		θέλων ἀπολῦσαι τὸν Ἰησοῦν	1	desiring to release Jesus	“because he wanted to set Jesus free”
LUK	23	22	iz5v	translate-ordinal	ὁ δὲ τρίτον εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς	1	Then he said to them a third time	“Pilate said to the crowd again, for the third time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	23	22	ck75	figs-rquestion	τί…κακὸν ἐποίησεν οὗτος?	1	what evil has this man done?	Pilate uses this question to cause the crowd to understand that Jesus is innocent. Alternate translation: “this man has not done anything wrong!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	23	22	de5a		οὐδὲν αἴτιον θανάτου εὗρον ἐν αὐτῷ	1	I have found no fault deserving death in him	“He has done nothing for which he deserves to die”
LUK	23	22	mij1		παιδεύσας…αὐτὸν, ἀπολύσω	1	after punishing him, I will release him	As in [Luke 23:16](../23/16.md), Pilate should have released Jesus without punishment because he was innocent. However, he offered to punish Jesus to appease the crowd.
LUK	23	22	z7ax		ἀπολύσω	1	I will release him	“I will set him free”
LUK	23	23	k1hh		οἱ…ἐπέκειντο	1	they were insistent	“the crowd insisted”
LUK	23	23	sni4		φωναῖς μεγάλαις	1	with loud voices	“with shouting”
LUK	23	23	pst8	figs-activepassive	αὐτὸν σταυρωθῆναι	1	for him to be crucified	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “for Pilate to have his soldiers crucify Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	23	pgz9		κατίσχυον αἱ φωναὶ αὐτῶν	1	their voices prevailed	“The crowd kept shouting until they convinced Pilate”
LUK	23	24	tfw2		γενέσθαι τὸ αἴτημα αὐτῶν	1	to grant their demand	“to do what the crowd requested”
LUK	23	25	nwd3		ἀπέλυσεν δὲ τὸν…ὃν ᾐτοῦντο	1	He released the one whom they asked for	Pilate released Barrabas from prison. Alternate translation: “Pilate freed Barabbas, whom the crowd had asked be released”
LUK	23	25	t66f	writing-background	διὰ στάσιν καὶ φόνον βεβλημένον εἰς φυλακὴν	1	who had been put in prison for rioting and murder	This is background information about where Barrabas was at that time. It can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “whom the Romans had put in prison…murder” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]])
LUK	23	25	z8v8		τὸν δὲ Ἰησοῦν παρέδωκεν τῷ θελήματι αὐτῶν	1	but he handed over Jesus to their will	“Pilate commanded the soldiers to bring Jesus to them to do whatever the crowd wanted to do”
LUK	23	26	s9kc		ὡς ἀπήγαγον αὐτόν	1	As they led him away	“While the soldiers led Jesus away from where Pilate was”
LUK	23	26	ysu3		ἐπιλαβόμενοι	1	they seized	The Roman soldiers had the authority to compel people to carry their loads. Do not translate this in a way that indicates that Simon was arrested or had done anything wrong.
LUK	23	26	x5qz	translate-names	Σίμωνά, τινα Κυρηναῖον	1	a certain Simon of Cyrene	“a man named Simon, from the city of Cyrene” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	23	26	i5ua		ἐρχόμενον ἀπ’ ἀγροῦ	1	coming from the country	“who was coming into Jerusalem from the countryside”
LUK	23	26	fub3		ἐπέθηκαν αὐτῷ τὸν σταυρὸν	1	putting the cross on him	“put the cross on his shoulders”
LUK	23	26	y3p6		ὄπισθεν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	behind Jesus	“and he followed behind Jesus”
LUK	23	27	nvg3		πολὺ πλῆθος	1	A great crowd	“A large crowd”
LUK	23	27	ad9f		πολὺ πλῆθος τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ γυναικῶν	1	a great crowd of the people, and of women	The woman were part of the large crowd, and not a separate crowd.
LUK	23	27	s7gx		ἐθρήνουν αὐτόν	1	mourned for him	“mourned for Jesus”
LUK	23	27	bp3x		ἠκολούθει…αὐτῷ	1	were following him	This does not mean that they were Jesus’ disciples. It simply means they were walking along behind him.
LUK	23	28	s3ka		στραφεὶς…πρὸς αὐτὰς	1	turning to them	This indicates that Jesus turned to face the women and address them directly.
LUK	23	28	nl38		θυγατέρες Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	Daughters of Jerusalem	The “daughter” of a city means the women of the city. This was not rude. It was a normal form of address to a group of women from one location. Alternate translation: “You women who are from Jerusalem”
LUK	23	28	wi15	figs-metonymy	μὴ κλαίετε ἐπ’ ἐμέ, πλὴν ἐφ’ ἑαυτὰς κλαίετε, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν	1	do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children	The person is a metonym for what happens to the person. Alternate translation: “do not weep about the bad things that will happen to me. Instead, weep because worse things will happen to you and to your children” or “you are weeping because bad things are happening to me, but you will weep even more when worse things happen to you and your children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	23	29	s9uj			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus finishes speaking to the crowd.
LUK	23	29	rd8v		ὅτι ἰδοὺ	1	For see	This introduces the reason why the women of Jerusalem should weep for themselves.
LUK	23	29	bjb7		ἔρχονται ἡμέραι	1	days are coming	“there will soon be a time”
LUK	23	29	xi9e		ἐν αἷς ἐροῦσιν	1	in which they will say	“when people will say”
LUK	23	29	rat4		αἱ στεῖραι	1	the barren	“women who have not given birth to children”
LUK	23	29	rgj1		αἱ κοιλίαι αἳ οὐκ ἐγέννησαν, καὶ μαστοὶ οἳ οὐκ ἔθρεψαν	1	the wombs that did not bear, and the breasts that did not nurse	These clauses are used to more fully describe “the barren.” Those women neither gave birth nor nursed children. It may be helpful to combine these together with “the barren.” Alternate translation: “the women who have never given birth to children or nursed babies”
LUK	23	29	u1x1		ἐροῦσιν	1	they will say	This can refer to either the Romans or the Jewish leaders, or no one in particular.
LUK	23	30	te1i		τότε	1	Then	at that time
LUK	23	30	gya6	figs-ellipsis	τοῖς βουνοῖς	1	to the hills	Words are left out to keep the phrase short. Alternate translation: “they will say to the hills” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
LUK	23	31	y238	figs-rquestion	ὅτι εἰ ἐν τῷ ὑγρῷ ξύλῳ, ταῦτα ποιοῦσιν; ἐν τῷ ξηρῷ, τί γένηται?	1	For if they do these things while the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry?	Jesus uses a question to help the crowd understand that people are doing bad things now in good times, so certainly they will do worse things in the bad times in the future. Alternate translation: “You can see that they are doing these bad things while the tree is green, so you can be sure that they will do worse things when the tree is dry.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	23	31	nkk3	figs-metaphor	τῷ ὑγρῷ ξύλῳ	1	the tree is green	The green tree is a metaphor for something that is good. If your language has a similar metaphor, you should use it here. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	23	31	zt5s	figs-metaphor	τῷ ξηρῷ	1	it is dry	The dry wood is a metaphor for something that will be useful only to burn. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	23	32	w8yj	figs-activepassive	ἤγοντο δὲ καὶ ἕτεροι κακοῦργοι δύο σὺν αὐτῷ ἀναιρεθῆναι	1	Now two other criminals, were also being led away with him to be put to death	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “The soldiers led away with Jesus two criminals to execute them also” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	32	m2nh		ἕτεροι κακοῦργοι δύο	1	two other criminals	“Two other men who were criminals” or “Two criminals.” Luke avoids saying “other criminals” because Jesus was innocent, even though he was treated as a criminal. Luke calls the other two men criminals, but not Jesus.
LUK	23	33	wj2q		ὅτε ἦλθον	1	When they came	The word “they” includes the soldiers, the criminals, and Jesus.
LUK	23	33	i3vx		ἐσταύρωσαν αὐτὸν	1	they crucified him	“the Roman soldiers crucified Jesus”
LUK	23	33	bjr2		ὃν μὲν ἐκ δεξιῶν, ὃν δὲ ἐξ ἀριστερῶν	1	one on his right and one on his left	“they crucified one criminal on Jesus’ right side and the other criminal on Jesus’ left side”
LUK	23	34	uk4s		ἔβαλον κλῆρον	1	they cast lots	The soldiers participated in a type of gambling. Alternate translation: “they gambled”
LUK	23	34	qbj8		διαμεριζόμενοι…τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ, ἔβαλον κλῆρον	1	dividing up his garments, they cast lots	“cast lots to decide who among the soldiers would take home each piece of Jesus’ clothing”
LUK	23	35	a2h5		ἵστήκει, ὁ λαὸς	1	The people stood by	“The people were standing there”
LUK	23	35	kue4		σωσάτω	1	Let him save	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	23	35	t7mb	figs-irony	ἄλλους ἔσωσεν, σωσάτω ἑαυτόν	1	He saved others. Let him save himself	Luke records the ironic words of the rulers. The only way Jesus could save others was by dying instead of saving himself. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
LUK	23	35	m3f6		σωσάτω ἑαυτόν	1	Let him save himself	“Jesus should be able to save himself.” They said this to mock Jesus. They did not believe he could save himself. Alternate translation: “We would like to see him prove who he is by saving himself from the cross”
LUK	23	35	a963		ὁ…ἐκλεκτός	1	the chosen one	“the one that God has chosen”
LUK	23	36	k8h9		αὐτῷ	1	him	Jesus
LUK	23	36	q9w9		προσερχόμενοι	1	coming up	“coming close to Jesus”
LUK	23	36	b3jz		ὄξος προσφέροντες αὐτῷ	1	offering him vinegar	“offering Jesus vinegar to drink.” Vinegar is a cheap drink that common people drink. The soldiers were mocking Jesus by giving a cheap drink to someone who claims to be a king.
LUK	23	37	x5wr	figs-explicit	εἰ σὺ εἶ ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων, σῶσον σεαυτόν	1	If you are the King of the Jews, save yourself	The soldiers were mocking Jesus. Alternate translation: “We do not believe you are the King of the Jews, but if you are, prove us wrong by saving yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	38	l5be		ἐπιγραφὴ ἐπ’ αὐτῷ	1	an inscription over him	“a placard at the top of Jesus’ cross that stated”
LUK	23	38	w7aw		ὁ Βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων οὗτος	1	This is the King of the Jews	The people who put this sign above Jesus were mocking him. They did not really think he was a king.
LUK	23	39	z9ej		ἐβλασφήμει αὐτόν	1	insulted him	“insulted Jesus”
LUK	23	39	tmy7	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ σὺ εἶ ὁ Χριστός? σῶσον σεαυτὸν	1	Are you not the Christ? Save yourself	The criminal uses a question to mock Jesus. Alternate translation: “You claim to be the Christ. Save yourself” or “If you really were the Christ, you would save yourself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	23	39	g6uk	figs-irony	σῶσον σεαυτὸν καὶ ἡμᾶς	1	Save yourself and us	The criminal did not really think that Jesus could rescue them from the cross. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-irony]])
LUK	23	40	lb4e		ὁ ἕτερος ἐπιτιμῶν αὐτῷ	1	the other rebuked him	“the other criminal rebuked him”
LUK	23	40	nk1r	figs-rquestion	οὐδὲ φοβῇ σὺ τὸν Θεόν, ὅτι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ κρίματι εἶ	1	Do you not even fear God, since you are under the same condemnation?	The criminal uses a question to scold the other criminal. Alternate translation: “You should fear God, because they are punishing you the same way they are punishing him” or “You must have no fear of God, since you mock him while you are hanging on a cross the same as he is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	23	41	qyp6	figs-123person	ἡμεῖς μὲν…ἐπράξαμεν ἀπολαμβάνομεν	1	We indeed…we are receiving…we did	These usages of “we” refer only to the two criminals, and not to Jesus or the other people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
LUK	23	41	i4gm		ἡμεῖς μὲν δικαίως	1	we indeed rightly	“Truly we deserve this punishment”
LUK	23	41	nu35		οὗτος	1	this man	This refers to Jesus.
LUK	23	42	mht9		καὶ ἔλεγεν	1	Then he said	“The criminal also said”
LUK	23	42	j9d9		μνήσθητί μου	1	remember me	“think about me and treat me well”
LUK	23	42	zyv3	figs-metonymy	ὅταν ἔλθῃς ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ σου	1	when you come into your kingdom	To “come into” a kingdom means to begin to rule. Alternate translation: “begin to rule as king” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	23	43	n6w9		ἀμήν, σοι λέγω, σήμερον	1	Truly I say to you, today	“Truly” adds emphasis to what Jesus is saying. Alternate translation: “I want you to know that today”
LUK	23	43	f1fl		τῷ Παραδείσῳ	1	paradise	This is the place that righteous people go to when they die. Jesus was assuring the man that he would be with God and God would accept him. Alternate translation: “the place where the righteous people live” or “the place where people live well”
LUK	23	44	x7fl		ὡσεὶ ὥρα ἕκτη	1	about the sixth hour	“about noon.” This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m.
LUK	23	44	q4t3		σκότος ἐγένετο ἐφ’ ὅλην τὴν γῆν	1	darkness came over the whole land	“the entire land became dark”
LUK	23	44	e8zn		ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης	1	until the ninth hour	“until 3 p.m.” This reflects the custom at the time of counting hours beginning with daybreak at 6 a.m.
LUK	23	45	hjt3		τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλειπόντος	1	The sun was darkened	This does not refer to sundown. Rather, the light of the sun darkened during the middle of the day. Use a term to describe the sun becoming dark rather than the sun going down.
LUK	23	45	ssh2		τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ	1	the curtain of the temple	“the curtain inside the temple.” This was the curtain that separated the most holy place from the rest of the temple.
LUK	23	45	ah4k	figs-activepassive	ἐσχίσθη δὲ τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον	1	the curtain of the temple was torn in two	“the curtain of the temple was torn into two pieces.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God tore the temple curtain into two pieces from the top to the bottom” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	46	z1fq		φωνήσας φωνῇ μεγάλῃ	1	crying out with a loud voice	“Shouting loudly.” It may be helpful to show how this is related to the events of the previous verses. Alternate translation: “When that happened, Jesus shouted loudly”
LUK	23	46	r4ub	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	Πάτερ	1	Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	23	46	mix5	figs-metonymy	εἰς χεῖράς σου παρατίθεμαι τὸ Πνεῦμά μου	1	into your hands I commit my spirit	“The phrase “into your hands” refers to God’s care. Alternate translation: “I entrust my spirit to your care” or “I give my spirit to you, knowing you will care for it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	23	46	k5rv		τοῦτο δὲ εἰπὼν	1	Now having said this	“After Jesus said this”
LUK	23	46	bd6y		ἐξέπνευσεν	1	he breathed his last	“Jesus died”
LUK	23	47	p6lh		ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης	1	the centurion	This was the title for the Roman officer who was in charge of the other Roman soldiers. He supervised the crucifixion.
LUK	23	47	ar1d	figs-activepassive	τὸ γενόμενον	1	what happened	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “all the things that had happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	47	c2ti		ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος δίκαιος ἦν	1	this man was righteous	“this man did nothing wrong” or “this man did not do anything wrong”
LUK	23	48	dq99		ὄχλοι	1	crowds	large groups of people
LUK	23	48	jth1		οἱ συνπαραγενόμενοι	1	who had come together	“who gathered together”
LUK	23	48	gt8y		ἐπὶ τὴν θεωρίαν ταύτην	1	for this spectacle	“see this event” or “observe what was happening”
LUK	23	48	yq19	figs-activepassive	τὰ γενόμενα	1	the things that had happened	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “what had happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	48	whs7		τύπτοντες…ὑπέστρεφον	1	returned beating	“returned to their homes beating”
LUK	23	48	ft9q	translate-symaction	τύπτοντες τὰ στήθη	1	beating their breasts	This was a symbol of sorrow and regret. Alternate translation: “hitting their own chests to show that they were sorrowful” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	23	49	xzh8		αἱ συνακολουθοῦσαι αὐτῷ	1	who followed him	“traveled with Jesus”
LUK	23	49	evb4		ἀπὸ μακρόθεν	1	at a distance	“some distance away from Jesus”
LUK	23	49	s74u		ταῦτα	1	these things	“what happened”
LUK	23	50	cbj7	writing-background		0	General Information:	Joseph asks Pilate for Jesus’ body. These verses give us background information about who Joseph is. It may be helpful to reorder some of this information with a verse bridge, as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-background]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridge]])
LUK	23	50	ud7p	writing-participants	καὶ ἰδοὺ, ἀνὴρ	1	Now there was a man	The word “behold” alerts us to a new person in the story. Your language may have a way of doing this. Alternate translation: “There was a man who was” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-participants]])
LUK	23	50	wx2z		βουλευτὴς	1	a council member	“the Jewish Council”
LUK	23	51	ddr1	figs-explicit	οὗτος οὐκ ἦν συνκατατεθειμένος τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῇ πράξει αὐτῶν	1	He did not agree with the council and their action	What the decision was can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “with either the Council’s decision to kill Jesus or with their action in killing him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	51	rba6	translate-names	ἀπὸ Ἁριμαθαίας	1	He was from Arimathea	Here “Judean town” means it was located in Judea. Alternate translation: “the town called Arimathea, which is in Judea” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	23	52	tk6r		οὗτος, προσελθὼν τῷ Πειλάτῳ, ᾐτήσατο τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Ἰησοῦ	1	He approached Pilate, asking for the body of Jesus	“This man went to Pilate and requested the body of Jesus, to bury it.”
LUK	23	53	ec9d		καθελὼν	1	he took it down	“Joseph took Jesus’ body from the cross”
LUK	23	53	f5bq		ἐνετύλιξεν αὐτὸ σινδόνι	1	wrapped it in a linen cloth	“wrapped the body in a fine linen cloth.” This was the normal burial custom at that time.
LUK	23	53	yy3n	figs-activepassive	λαξευτῷ	1	that was cut in the rock	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “which someone had cut in a rock cliff” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	53	m5wu		οὗ οὐκ ἦν οὐδεὶς οὔπω κείμενος	1	in which no one had yet been laid	This can be translated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: “No one had ever before put a body in that tomb”
LUK	23	54	tia9		ἡμέρα…παρασκευῆς	1	the Day of the Preparation	“the day when people got ready for the Jewish day of rest called the Sabbath”
LUK	23	54	b4i1	figs-metaphor	Σάββατον ἐπέφωσκεν	1	the Sabbath was about to begin	For the Jews, the day began at sunset. Alternate translation: “it was soon going to be sunset, the start of the Sabbath” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
LUK	23	55	pu3i		αἵτινες ἦσαν συνεληλυθυῖαι ἐκ τῆς Γαλιλαίας αὐτῷ	1	who had come with Jesus out of Galilee	“who had traveled with Jesus from the region of Galilee”
LUK	23	55	nhd9	figs-activepassive	κατακολουθήσασαι…ἐθεάσαντο τὸ μνημεῖον καὶ ὡς ἐτέθη τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ	1	followed and saw the tomb and how his body was laid	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “walked along behind Joseph and the men who were with him; the women saw the tomb and how the men laid Jesus’ body inside the tomb” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	23	56	sm68		ὑποστρέψασαι	1	They returned	“The women went to the houses where the women were staying”
LUK	23	56	mj6q	figs-explicit	ἡτοίμασαν ἀρώματα καὶ μύρα	1	prepared spices and ointments	Because they had had no time to honor Jesus by putting fragrant spices and ointments on his body on the day he died, they were going to do it on the morning of the first day of the week. Alternate translation: “prepared spices and ointments to put on Jesus’ body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	23	56	uzk9		ἡσύχασαν	1	they rested	“the women did no work”
LUK	23	56	tk6s		κατὰ τὴν ἐντολήν	1	according to the commandment	“according to the Jewish law” or “as the Jewish law required.” They were not allowed to prepare his body on the Sabbath according to the law.
LUK	24	intro	r5qx			0		# Luke 24 General Notes<br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### The tomb<br><br>The tomb in which Jesus was buried ([Luke 24:1](../../luk/24/01.md)) was the kind of tomb in which wealthy Jewish families buried their dead. It was an actual room cut into a rock. It had a flat place on one side where they could place the body after they had put oil and spices on it and wrapped it in cloth. Then they would roll a large rock in front of the tomb so no one could see inside or enter.<br><br>### The faith of the women<br><br>Most of Luke’s original readers would have thought of women as less important than men, but Luke carefully shows that some women loved Jesus very much and had more faith than the twelve disciples had.<br><br>### Resurrection<br><br>Luke wants his readers to understand that Jesus came alive again in a physical body ([Luke 24:38-43](./38.md)).<br><br>## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter<br><br>### “Son of Man”<br><br>Jesus refers to himself as the “Son of Man” in this chapter ([Luke 24:7](../../luk/24/07.md)). Your language may not allow people to speak of themselves as if they were speaking about someone else. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/sonofman]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])<br><br>### “On the third day”<br><br>Jesus told his followers that he would become alive again “on the third day” ([Luke 18:33](../../luk/18/33.md)). He died on a Friday afternoon (before sunset) and became alive again on a Sunday, so he became alive again “on the third day” because the Jews said that the day began and ended at sunset, and they counted any part of the day as a day. Friday was the first day, Saturday was the second day, and Sunday was the third day.<br><br>### Two men in bright shining robes<br><br>Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John all wrote about angels in white clothing with the women at Jesus’ tomb. Two of the authors called them men, but that is only because the angels were in human form. Two of the authors wrote about two angels, but the other two authors wrote about only one of them. It is best to translate each of these passages as it appears in the ULT without trying to make the passages all say exactly the same thing. (See: [Matthew 28:1-2](../../mat/28/01.md) and [Mark 16:5](../../mrk/16/05.md) and [Luke 24:4](../../luk/24/04.md) and [John 20:12](../../jhn/20/12.md))<br>
LUK	24	1	b46u			0	General Information:	The women ([Luke 23:55](../23/55.md)) return to the tomb with spices to put on Jesus’ body.
LUK	24	1	r62f	translate-ordinal	τῇ δὲ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων, ὄρθρου βαθέως	1	Now at early dawn on the first day of the week	“Before dawn on Sunday” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	24	1	qg7a		ἐπὶ τὸ μνῆμα ἦλθαν	1	they came to the tomb	“the women arrived at the tomb.” These were the women spoken of in [Luke 23:55](../23/55.md).
LUK	24	1	pen7		τὸ μνῆμα	1	the tomb	This tomb was cut in the rock of a cliff.
LUK	24	1	w4w1		φέρουσαι…ἀρώματα	1	bringing the spices	These were the same spices they prepared in [Luke 23:56](../23/56.md).
LUK	24	2	jq9p		εὗρον…τὸν λίθον	1	They found the stone	“They saw that the stone was”
LUK	24	2	l6uk	figs-activepassive	τὸν λίθον ἀποκεκυλισμένον	1	the stone rolled away	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “that someone had rolled the stone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	2	t4mf		τὸν λίθον	1	the stone	This was a large, cut, round stone big enough to completely block the doorway to the tomb. It required several men to roll it.
LUK	24	3	elq2	figs-explicit	οὐχ εὗρον τὸ σῶμα τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ	1	they did not find the body of the Lord Jesus	You can state explicitly that they did not find it because it was not there. Alternate translation: “the body of the Lord Jesus was not there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	24	4	ex1u			0	General Information:	Two angels appear and begin speaking to the women.
LUK	24	4	bmt4		καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It happened that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
LUK	24	5	c11i		ἐμφόβων…γενομένων αὐτῶν	1	they became terrified	“became afraid”
LUK	24	5	n5xf	translate-symaction	κλινουσῶν τὰ πρόσωπα εἰς τὴν γῆν	1	bowed down their faces to the earth	“bowed low to the ground.” This action expresses their humility and submission to the men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	24	5	fs3y	figs-rquestion	τί ζητεῖτε τὸν ζῶντα μετὰ τῶν νεκρῶν?	1	Why do you seek the living among the dead?	The men use a question to mildly criticize the women for looking in a tomb for a living person. Alternate translation: “You are looking for a living person among dead people!” or “You should not be looking for someone who is alive in a place where they bury dead people!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	24	5	x4vy	figs-you	τί ζητεῖτε	1	Why do you seek	Here “you” is plural, referring to the women who came. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	24	6	q7zg			0	Connecting Statement:	The angels finish speaking to the women.
LUK	24	6	awf1	figs-activepassive	ἀλλὰ ἠγέρθη	1	but has been raised	“but he has been made alive again.” “Raised” here is an idiom for “caused to live again.” This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “because God has made him alive again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	24	6	s8k5		μνήσθητε ὡς	1	Remember how	“Remember what”
LUK	24	6	rt89	figs-you	ὑμῖν	1	to you	The word “you” is plural. It refers to the women and possibly the other disciples in addition. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	24	7	sj3u	figs-quotations	τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου ὅτι	1	that the Son of Man	This is the beginning of an indirect quote. It can also be translated with a direct quote as in the UST. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
LUK	24	7	pl6b	figs-activepassive	τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Ἀνθρώπου…δεῖ παραδοθῆναι εἰς χεῖρας ἀνθρώπων ἁμαρτωλῶν, καὶ σταυρωθῆναι	1	the Son of Man must be delivered up into the hands of sinful men and be crucified	The phrase “must be” means this is something that would certainly happen because God had already decided that it would happen. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “it was necessary that they hand the Son of Man over to sinful men who would crucify him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	7	e4ca	figs-metonymy	εἰς χεῖρας	1	into the hands	Here “hands” refers to power or control. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	24	7	dta4	translate-ordinal	τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ	1	on the third day	The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the “third day” because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	24	8	f2k2			0	Connecting Statement:	The women go to tell the apostles about what they found at the tomb.
LUK	24	8	rew5	figs-metonymy	ἐμνήσθησαν τῶν ῥημάτων αὐτοῦ	1	they remembered his words	Here “words” refers to the statement that Jesus made. Alternate translation: “remembered what Jesus said” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	24	9	fnh6		τοῖς ἕνδεκα, καὶ πᾶσιν τοῖς λοιποῖς	1	to the eleven and to all the rest	“the eleven apostles and all the rest of the disciples who were with them”
LUK	24	9	iz68		τοῖς ἕνδεκα	1	the eleven	This is Luke’s first reference to the eleven, because Judas left the twelve and betrayed Jesus.
LUK	24	10	h1ml		δὲ	1	Now	This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Luke gives the names of some of the women who came from the tomb and told the apostles what had happened there.
LUK	24	11	apl7		καὶ ἐφάνησαν ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ λῆρος τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα	1	But these words seemed like idle talk to the apostles	“But the apostles thought that what the women said was foolish talk”
LUK	24	12	e7tt		ὁ δὲ Πέτρος	1	Peter, however	This phrase contrasts Peter to the other apostles. He did not dismiss what the women said, but ran to the tomb to see for himself.
LUK	24	12	rm1d	figs-idiom	ἀναστὰς	1	rose up	This is an idiom that means “began to act.” Whether Peter was sitting or standing when he decided to act is not important. Alternate translation: “started out” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	24	12	ax6s		παρακύψας	1	stooping down	Peter had to bend over in order to see inside the tomb because tombs cut in solid rock were very low. Alternate translation: “bending himself at the waist”
LUK	24	12	n1tg	figs-explicit	τὰ ὀθόνια μόνα	1	only the linen cloths	“only the linen cloths.” This refers to the cloths that had been wrapped around Jesus’ body when he was buried in [Luke 23:53](../23/53.md). It is implied that the body of Jesus was not there. Alternate translation: “the linen cloths in which Jesus’ body had been wrapped, but Jesus was not there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	24	12	fxd2		ἀπῆλθεν πρὸς ἑαυτὸν	1	went away to his home	“went away to his home”
LUK	24	13	a1e3	writing-newevent		0	General Information:	Two of the disciples are on their way to Emmaus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	24	13	emc5	writing-newevent	ἰδοὺ	1	behold	The author uses this word to mark the beginning of a new event. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	24	13	e8gx		δύο ἐξ αὐτῶν	1	two of them	“two of the disciples”
LUK	24	13	s5n1		ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ	1	on that same day	“that same day.” This refers to the day when the women found the tomb to be empty.
LUK	24	13	d8jk	translate-names	Ἐμμαοῦς	1	Emmaus	This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	24	13	cea7	translate-bdistance	σταδίους ἑξήκοντα	1	sixty stadia	“eleven kilometers.” A “stadium” was 185 meters. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance]])
LUK	24	15	tl6s		καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It happened that	This phrase is used here to mark where the action starts. It starts with Jesus approaching them. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
LUK	24	15	b3sl		αὐτὸς Ἰησοῦς	1	Jesus himself	The word “himself” emphasizes the fact that the very Jesus they were talking about actually appeared to them. So far the women had seen the angels, but no one had seen Jesus.
LUK	24	16	q6nk	figs-synecdoche	οἱ…ὀφθαλμοὶ αὐτῶν ἐκρατοῦντο τοῦ μὴ ἐπιγνῶναι αὐτόν	1	their eyes were prevented from recognizing him	“their eyes were kept from recognizing Jesus.” The men’s ability to recognize Jesus is spoken of as their eyes’ ability to recognize him. This can be stated in active form. It is most likely that it was God who prevented them from recognizing Jesus. Alternate translation: “something happened to them so they could not recognize him” or “God prevented them from recognizing him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	17	xak8		εἶπεν…πρὸς αὐτούς	1	he said to them	“Jesus said to the two men”
LUK	24	18	bqc9	translate-names	Κλεοπᾶς	1	Cleopas	This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
LUK	24	18	qx7m	figs-rquestion	σὺ μόνος παροικεῖς…ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις?	1	Are you alone visiting…in it in these days?	Cleopas uses this question to show his surprise that this man appears not to know about the things that have happened in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: “You must be the only person…days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	24	18	e8gg	figs-you	σὺ	1	e you	Here “you” is singular. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	24	19	aj5c		ποῖα	1	What things?	“What things have happened?” or “What things have taken place?”
LUK	24	19	x25r		προφήτης, δυνατὸς ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ λόγῳ, ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ	1	a prophet, mighty in deed and word before God and all the people	This means that God caused Jesus to be mighty and that the people saw that he was mighty. Alternate translation: “a prophet to whom God gave power to do and teach great things that were amazing to all the people”
LUK	24	20	a6aw		παρέδωκαν αὐτὸν	1	delivered him up	“gave him over”
LUK	24	20	e5zt	figs-activepassive	εἰς κρίμα θανάτου, καὶ ἐσταύρωσαν αὐτόν	1	to be condemned to death and crucified him	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “in order for the governor to put Jesus to death by crucifying him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	21	ei9t			0	Connecting Statement:	The two men continue responding to Jesus.
LUK	24	21	ljb1	figs-explicit	ὁ μέλλων λυτροῦσθαι τὸν Ἰσραήλ	1	the one who was going to redeem Israel	The Romans ruled over the Jews. Alternate translation: “who would free the Israelites from our Roman enemies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	24	21	d52i		ἀλλά γε καὶ σὺν πᾶσιν τούτοις	1	But in addition to all these things	This introduces another reason why they believed Jesus would not free Israel. Alternate translation: “Now that does not seem possible because”
LUK	24	21	xqc3	translate-ordinal	τρίτην…ἡμέραν	1	the third day	The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the “third day” because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. See how you translated this in [Luke 24:7](../24/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	24	21	sg3g		ἀφ’ οὗ ταῦτα ἐγένετο	1	since all these things happened	“since all the many actions that led up to the death of Jesus have taken place”
LUK	24	22	csz6			0	Connecting Statement:	The two men finish responding to Jesus.
LUK	24	22	l8dj		ἀλλὰ καὶ	1	But also	This introduces another reason why it the men did not understand what was happening concerning Jesus.
LUK	24	22	a3j9		ἐξ ἡμῶν	1	among us	“in our group”
LUK	24	22	du1v		γενόμεναι…ἐπὶ τὸ μνημεῖον	1	having been at the tomb	The women were the ones who were at the tomb.
LUK	24	23	m4wy		ὀπτασίαν ἀγγέλων	1	a vision of angels	“angels in a vision”
LUK	24	24	fkw9		αὐτὸν δὲ οὐκ εἶδον	1	But they did not see him	“they did not see Jesus”
LUK	24	25	r718		αὐτὸς εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς	1	Jesus said to them	Jesus is speaking to the two disciples.
LUK	24	25	vg3z	figs-metonymy	βραδεῖς τῇ καρδίᾳ, τοῦ πιστεύειν	1	slow of heart to believe	Here “heart” is a metonym for a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “your minds are slow to believe” or “you are slow to believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	24	26	n85k	figs-rquestion	οὐχὶ…ἔδει…τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ?	1	Was it not necessary…his glory?	Jesus uses a question to remind the disciples about what the prophets said. Alternate translation: “It was necessary…glory.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	24	26	f8es		εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ	1	to enter into his glory	This refers to Jesus beginning to rule and to receive honor and glory.
LUK	24	27	g4t7	figs-metonymy	ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ Μωϋσέως	1	beginning from Moses	Moses wrote the first books of the Bible. Alternate translation: “beginning with the writings of Moses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	24	27	vb2e		διερμήνευσεν αὐτοῖς	1	he interpreted to them	“Jesus explained to them”
LUK	24	28	cdj2		αὐτὸς προσεποιήσατο πορρώτερον πορεύεσθαι	1	he acted as though he were going further	The two men understood from his actions that he was going on to another destination. Perhaps he kept walking on the road when they turned off to enter the gate into the village. There is no indication that Jesus deceived them with words.
LUK	24	29	pn4d	figs-hyperbole	παρεβιάσαντο αὐτὸν	1	they compelled him	You may need to make explicit what they compelled him to do. This is probably an exaggeration to show that they needed to speak with him for a long time before they could change his mind. The word “compel” means to use physical force, but it seems that they persuaded him using only words. Alternate translation: “they were able to persuade him to stay” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	24	29	s6ps		πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἐστὶν, καὶ κέκλικεν ἤδη ἡ ἡμέρα	1	it is toward evening and the day is almost over	The Jewish day ended at sundown.
LUK	24	29	tgi6		εἰσῆλθεν	1	he went in	“Jesus entered the house”
LUK	24	29	p35b		τοῦ μεῖναι σὺν αὐτοῖς	1	stay with them	“stay with the two disciples”
LUK	24	30	k6ud		καὶ ἐγένετο	1	It happened that	This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
LUK	24	30	t2zg		τὸν ἄρτον	1	the bread	This refers to bread made without yeast. It does not refer to food in general.
LUK	24	30	ecm2		εὐλόγησεν	1	blessed it	“gave thanks for it” or “thanked God for it”
LUK	24	31	h4yr	figs-metonymy	αὐτῶν δὲ διηνοίχθησαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ	1	Then their eyes were opened	Their “eyes” represent their understanding. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Then they understood” or “Then they realized” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	31	q89z		ἐπέγνωσαν αὐτόν	1	they recognized him	“they recognized him.” These disciples had known him before his death.
LUK	24	31	yev2		αὐτὸς ἄφαντος ἐγένετο ἀπ’ αὐτῶν	1	he vanished from their sight	This means that suddenly he was no longer there. It does not mean that he became invisible.
LUK	24	32	inw4	figs-metaphor	οὐχὶ ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν καιομένη ἦν…τὰς Γραφάς?	1	Was not our heart burning…the scriptures?	They use a question to emphasize how amazed they were about their encounter with Jesus. The intense feelings they had while talking to Jesus are spoken of as if they were a fire burning inside them. Alternate translation: “Our hearts were burning…scriptures.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	24	32	xy6p		ὡς διήνοιγεν ἡμῖν τὰς Γραφάς	1	while he opened to us the scriptures	Jesus did not open a book or scroll. “opened” refers to their understanding. Alternate translation: “while he explained the scriptures to us” or “while he enabled us to understand the scriptures”
LUK	24	33	d5lv			0	Connecting Statement:	The two men go to Jerusalem to the eleven disciples to tell them about Jesus.
LUK	24	33	qi47		καὶ ἀναστάντες	1	So they rose up	“They” refers to the two men.
LUK	24	33	ar2c		ἀναστάντες	1	they rose up	“got up” or “stood up”
LUK	24	33	dw85		τοὺς ἕνδεκα	1	the eleven	This refers to Jesus’ apostles. Judas was no longer included with them.
LUK	24	34	kyn4		λέγοντας	1	saying	“and those people told the two men”
LUK	24	35	stf9		καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐξηγοῦντο	1	Then they told	“So the two men told them”
LUK	24	35	fb1r		τὰ ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ	1	the things that happened on the way	This refers to Jesus appearing to them while they were on their way to the village of Emmaus.
LUK	24	35	mnn2	figs-activepassive	ὡς ἐγνώσθη αὐτοῖς	1	how Jesus was made known to them	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “how they recognized Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	35	y3f8		ἐν τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου	1	in the breaking of the bread	“when Jesus broke the bread” or “when Jesus tore the bread”
LUK	24	36	e8i4			0	General Information:	Jesus appears to the disciples. When the two men previously arrived at the house where the Eleven were, Jesus was not with them.
LUK	24	36	rt8d	figs-rpronouns	αὐτὸς	1	Jesus himself	The word “himself” focuses on Jesus and the surprise of Jesus actually appearing to them. Most of them had not seen him after his resurrection. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns]])
LUK	24	36	q7yl		ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν	1	in the midst of them	“among them”
LUK	24	36	pnl1	figs-you	εἰρήνη ὑμῖν	1	Peace be to you	“May you have peace” or “May God give you peace!” The word “you” is plural. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])
LUK	24	37	i2tu		πτοηθέντες δὲ	1	But they were terrified	“But” indicates a strong contrast. Jesus told them to be at peace, but they were very afraid instead.
LUK	24	37	kf17	figs-doublet	πτοηθέντες…καὶ ἔμφοβοι γενόμενοι	1	they were terrified, and became very afraid	“startled and afraid.” These two phrases mean about the same thing, and are used together to emphasize their fear. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])
LUK	24	37	z4q5		ἐδόκουν πνεῦμα θεωρεῖν	1	thinking that they saw a spirit	“thought that they were seeing a ghost.” They did not yet truly understand that Jesus was really alive.
LUK	24	37	q9rf		πνεῦμα	1	a spirit	Here it refers to the spirit of a dead person.
LUK	24	38	jj1h	figs-rquestion	τί τεταραγμένοι ἐστέ	1	Why are you troubled?	Jesus uses a question to comfort them. Alternate translation: “Do not be frightened.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
LUK	24	38	ic97	figs-rquestion	διὰ τί διαλογισμοὶ ἀναβαίνουσιν ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ὑμῶν?	1	Why do doubts arise in your heart?	Jesus uses a question to mildly rebuke them. Jesus was telling them not to doubt that he was alive. The word “heart” is a metonym for a persons’ mind. Alternate translation: “Do not doubt in your minds!” or “Stop doubting!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	24	39	a12n		ψηλαφήσατέ με καὶ ἴδετε…ἐμὲ θεωρεῖτε ἔχοντα	1	Touch me and see…you see me having	Jesus asks them to confirm by touch that he is not a ghost. It may be helpful to combine and reorder these two sentences. Alternate translation: “Touch me and feel that I have flesh and bones that a ghost would not have”
LUK	24	39	tf2v		σάρκα καὶ ὀστέα	1	flesh and bones	This is a way of referring to the physical body.
LUK	24	40	qm9p		τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τοὺς πόδας	1	his hands and his feet	It is understood that his hands and feet contained the nail marks from his crucifixion that would prove it was really Jesus. This can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “the wounds in his hands and his feet”
LUK	24	41	hr4f		ἔτι δὲ ἀπιστούντων αὐτῶν ἀπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς	1	Now when they still could not believe it because of the joy	“They were so full of joy that they still could not believe it was really true”
LUK	24	43	tyh4	figs-explicit	ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν ἔφαγεν	1	ate it before them	Jesus did this to prove that he had a physical body. Spirits would not be able to eat food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	24	43	j8qf		ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν	1	before them	“in front of them” or “while they were watching”
LUK	24	44	tfk8		ἔτι ὢν σὺν ὑμῖν	1	while I was still with you	“When I was with you before”
LUK	24	44	g76a	figs-activepassive	δεῖ πληρωθῆναι πάντα τὰ γεγραμμένα…ψαλμοῖς, περὶ ἐμοῦ	1	all that was written…the Psalms must be fulfilled	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “God would fulfill all that was written…Psalms” or “God would cause all that was written…Psalms to happen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	44	q7x8	figs-activepassive	πάντα τὰ γεγραμμένα ἐν τῷ νόμῳ Μωϋσέως, καὶ τοῖς προφήταις, καὶ ψαλμοῖς, περὶ ἐμοῦ	1	all that was written in the law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms	The words “law of Moses,” “the Prophets,” and “the Psalms” are proper names for parts of the Hebrew Bible. This can be stated in active form and using common nouns. Alternate translation: “all that Moses wrote in the law, all that the prophets wrote, and all that the writers of the Psalms wrote about me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	45	qf61	figs-idiom	τότε διήνοιξεν αὐτῶν τὸν νοῦν τοῦ συνιέναι τὰς Γραφάς	1	Then he opened their minds to understand the scriptures	To “open the mind” is an idiom that means to enable someone to understand. Alternate translation: “Then he enabled them to understand the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
LUK	24	46	cwr5	figs-activepassive	οὕτως γέγραπται	1	Thus it has been written	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “This is what people long ago wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	46	e75f		ἀναστῆναι ἐκ νεκρῶν	1	rise again from the dead	In this verse, “to rise” is to come alive again. The words “from the dead” speak of all dead people together in the underworld.
LUK	24	46	r2zy	translate-ordinal	τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ	1	the third day	The Jews counted any portion of a day as a day. Therefore, the day Jesus was raised was the “third day” because it followed the day of his burial and the Sabbath day. See how you translated this in [Luke 24:7](../24/07.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
LUK	24	47	w5j5	figs-activepassive	κηρυχθῆναι ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ μετάνοιαν εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν εἰς πάντα τὰ ἔθνη	1	repentance for forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in his name to all the nations	This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Followers of the Christ should preach to people in all the nations that they need to repent and that they need God to forgive their sins through Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	47	lty6	figs-metonymy	ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ	1	in his name	His “name” here refers to his authority. Alternate translation: “by the Christ’s authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
LUK	24	47	w1ha		πάντα τὰ ἔθνη	1	all the nations	“all the ethnic communities” or “all the people groups”
LUK	24	47	wiq7		ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ Ἰερουσαλήμ	1	beginning from Jerusalem	“starting in Jerusalem”
LUK	24	48	z5cx			0	Connecting Statement:	Jesus continues speaking to the disciples.
LUK	24	48	wp38		ὑμεῖς μάρτυρες	1	You are witnesses	“You are to tell others that what you saw about me is true.” The disciples had observed Jesus’ life, death and resurrection, and could describe to other people what he did.
LUK	24	49	m2lm	figs-explicit	ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ Πατρός μου ἐφ’ ὑμᾶς	1	I am sending upon you the promise of my Father	“I will give you what my Father promised to give you.” God had promised to give the Holy Spirit. The UST makes this explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
LUK	24	49	ynm2	guidelines-sonofgodprinciples	τοῦ Πατρός	1	Father	This is an important title for God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])
LUK	24	49	c4iv	figs-metaphor	ἐνδύσησθε…δύναμιν	1	you are clothed with power	God’s power will cover them in the same way that clothes cover a person. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you receive power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	49	l46b		ἐξ ὕψους	1	from on high	“from above” or “from God”
LUK	24	50	bd6p		ἐξήγαγεν…αὐτοὺς	1	he led them out	“Jesus led the disciples outside the city”
LUK	24	50	cm9a	translate-symaction	ἐπάρας τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ	1	lifting up his hands	This was the action that priests performed when they blessed the people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
LUK	24	51	dzr3	writing-newevent	καὶ ἐγένετο	1	Now it happened that	“It came about.” This introduces a new event in the story. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent]])
LUK	24	51	zx4t		ἐν τῷ εὐλογεῖν αὐτὸν αὐτοὺς	1	while he was blessing them	“while Jesus was asking God to do good to them”
LUK	24	51	clx9	figs-activepassive	ἀνεφέρετο	1	was carried up	Since Luke does not specify who carried Jesus up, we do not know if it was God himself or one or more angels. If your language would have to specify who did the carrying, it would be better to use “went” instead, as the UST does. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
LUK	24	52	a8vw	writing-endofstory		0	General Information:	These verses tell us about the ongoing actions of the disciples as the story ends. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory]])
LUK	24	52	kzy4		αὐτοὶ προσκυνήσαντες αὐτὸν	1	they worshiped him	“the disciples worshiped Jesus”
LUK	24	52	e4d4		ὑπέστρεψαν	1	and returned	“and then returned”
LUK	24	53	wa3d	figs-hyperbole	διὰ…ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	continually in the temple	This is an exaggeration to express that they went into the temple courtyard every day. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole]])
LUK	24	53	edm3	figs-explicit	ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ	1	in the temple	Only priests were allowed into the temple building. Alternate translation: “in the temple courtyard” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]]) 
LUK	24	53	pex4		εὐλογοῦντες τὸν Θεόν	1	blessing God	“praising God”