Book	Chapter	Verse	ID	SupportReference	OrigQuote	Occurrence	GLQuote	OccurrenceNote
HAG	front	intro	hz6m			0		# Introduction to Haggai<br>## Part 1: General Introduction<br><br>### Outline of Haggai<br><br>1. The people must finish the temple for Yahweh to bless them again (1:1–15)<br>1. This temple will be more glorious than the first temple (2:1–9)<br>1. Yahweh will bless a defiled people (2:10–19)<br>1. Yahweh will defeat the nations and establish his ruler (2:20–23)<br><br>### What is the Book of Haggai about?<br><br>The people of Israel lacked food and warm clothes. The prophet Haggai told them it was because they were not obeying Yahweh. If they would listen to him and start rebuilding the temple, then Yahweh would send rain and bless them again. The people listened and began to work on the temple. Yahweh encouraged the people, the priests, and the leaders. He told them that he was with them and would bless them.<br><br>### How should the title of this book be translated?<br><br>This book traditionally has been titled “Haggai” or “The Book of Haggai.” Translators may decide to call it “The Sayings of Haggai.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])<br><br>### Who wrote the Book of Haggai?<br><br>The prophet Haggai wrote this book. He wrote it after the exiles returned from Babylon. They returned during the reign of the Persian king Darius I. Haggai probably gave all the prophesies in this book during a four-month period of time.<br><br>Very little is known about Haggai. He lived at the same time as the prophet Zechariah.<br><br>## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts<br><br>### Did Haggai prophesy before Ezra and Nehemiah?<br><br>It is likely that Haggai prophesied before the time of Ezra and Nehemiah.<br><br>## Part 3: Important Translation Issues<br><br>### What does “consider your ways” mean?<br><br>Yahweh told the people to “consider your ways” several times in this book. This means that he wants them to think carefully about how they have lived and behaved.
HAG	1	intro	n84r			0		# Haggai 01 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in this chapter.<br><br>## Special concepts in this chapter<br><br>### Farming imagery<br>Scripture frequently uses the imagery of farming in reference to spiritual matters. The statement “You have sown much seed, but bring in little harvest” indicates that they had done a lot but have very little to show for it. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/spirit]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/seed]])
HAG	1	1	qt5i	translate-ordinal		0	In the second year of Darius the king	“In the second year of the reign of Darius the king” or “After Darius had been king for more than a year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	1	1	ha87	translate-names		0	Darius … Haggai … Zerubbabel … Shealtiel … Joshua … Jehozadak	These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	1	1	y3ei	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the sixth month, on the first day of the month	“on the first day of the sixth month.” This is the sixth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of August on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	1	1	ria7	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HAG	1	1	fdv5			0	Yahweh	This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.
HAG	1	1	wn8q	figs-synecdoche		0	by the hand of Haggai	Here the word “hand” refers to Haggai himself. Yahweh used Haggai as the agent to deliver his command. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “through Haggai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HAG	1	2	cav8			0	Yahweh’s house	the temple
HAG	1	3	xs12	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HAG	1	3	wk3b	figs-synecdoche		0	by the hand of Haggai	Here the word “hand” refers to Haggai himself. Yahweh used Haggai as the agent to deliver his command. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “through Haggai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HAG	1	4	ms19	figs-rquestion		0	Is it a time for you … ruined?	Yahweh is rebuking the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now is not the time for you … ruined.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HAG	1	4	u9tf			0	this house	the temple of Yahweh
HAG	1	6	rma3			0	but cannot get drunk	There is not enough wine to satisfy the people’s thirst and not nearly enough for drunkenness. The reader should understand that the text is not calling drunkenness a good thing.
HAG	1	6	aw8t	figs-metaphor		0	the wage earner earns money only to put it into a bag full of holes	Not earning enough money to buy necessary goods is spoken of as if the person were losing the money that falls out through holes in the money bag. Alternate translation: “the money the worker earns is gone before he finishes buying everything he needs” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HAG	1	8	qmi7	figs-synecdoche		0	bring timber	This represents only a part of what they needed to build the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HAG	1	9	yx8d			0	behold	“look” or “listen” or “pay attention to what I am about to tell you”
HAG	1	9	eb3a	figs-metaphor		0	I blew it away	The people not being able to find what they were looking for is spoken of as if Yahweh had blown on dust so it would go away. Alternate translation: “I made sure there was nothing there for you to find” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HAG	1	9	g652	figs-123person		0	declares Yahweh of hosts	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	1	10	suc8	figs-metaphor		0	the heavens withhold the dew from you	The dew that appears at night is spoken of as if it formed in the sky and fell like rain. The sky is spoken of as if it were a person who refused to give a present or a parent who refused to feed his child. Alternate translation: “the sky does not allow the dew to fall” or “no dew forms” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HAG	1	11	a7ds	figs-personification		0	I have summoned a drought upon the land	Rain not falling for a long time is spoken of as if Yahweh had told a person to come and make the land dry. Alternate translation: “I have kept the rain from falling on the land” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])
HAG	1	11	v7pk	figs-metonymy		0	upon the new wine, upon the oil	“Wine” and “oil” are metonyms for grapes and olives. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	1	11	ird4	figs-abstractnouns		0	all the labor of your hands	The abstract noun “labor” can be translated using the phrase “work hard.” The labor that the hands perform is a metonym for the things that the labor produces. The hand is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “everything you have worked hard to make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	1	12	n5g8	translate-names		0	Zerubbabel … Shealtiel … Joshua … Jehozadak … Haggai	See how you translated these men’s names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	1	12	c4he	figs-metonymy		0	obeyed the voice of Yahweh … the words of Haggai	The voice and the words are metonyms for the persons. Alternate translation: “obeyed Yahweh and Haggai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	1	12	e9sl	figs-synecdoche		0	the people feared the face of Yahweh	This could mean: (1) the face could be a synecdoche for the person. Alternate translation: “the people feared Yahweh” or (2) the face could be a metonym for the person’s presence. Alternate translation: “the people were afraid to be in Yahweh’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	1	13	dtj5			0	this is Yahweh’s declaration	“this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared”
HAG	1	14	n1e7	figs-metonymy		0	Yahweh stirred up the spirit of the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the spirit of the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people	Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Alternate translation: “Yahweh made the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and all the remnant of the people want to act” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	1	14	iax3			0	remnant	people who were still alive after being captive in Babylon and had returned to Jerusalem
HAG	1	15	vp6z	translate-hebrewmonths		0	in the twenty-fourth day of the sixth month	This is just 23 days after he received the vision. This is the sixth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of September on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	1	15	cx2u	translate-ordinal		0	the second year of Darius the king	“second year of the reign of Darius the king” or “after Darius had been king for more than one year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	2	intro	ieh7			0		# Haggai 02 General Notes<br>## Structure and formatting<br><br>Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 2:3-9, 21-23.<br><br>## Important figures of speech in this chapter<br><br>### Unclean<br>Haggai uses an extended metaphor in this chapter related to ritual cleanliness. While the Jews were not unclean by nature as the Gentiles were, their actions made them unclean. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/clean]])
HAG	2	1	v31v	translate-hebrewmonths		0	In the seventh month on the twenty-first day of the month	This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-first day is near the middle of October on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	2	1	fm14	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HAG	2	1	t1us	figs-synecdoche		0	by the hand of Haggai	Here the word “hand” refers to Haggai himself. Yahweh used Haggai as the agent to deliver his command. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “through Haggai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])
HAG	2	1	hz54	translate-names		0	Haggai	See how you translated this man’s name in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	2	2	q56p	translate-names		0	Zerubbabel … Shealtiel … Joshua … Jehozadak	See how you translated these men’s names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	2	3	wy32			0	General Information:	Yahweh speaks to the people about the new temple they are building. They are building it on the same place their ancestors built the former temple, which Nebuchadnezzar completely destroyed. This new temple is much smaller than the former temple.
HAG	2	3	m1jr	figs-rquestion		0	Who is left among you who saw this house in its former glory?	Yahweh speaks of the new temple as if it were the same building as the old temple. He is telling those who had seen the former temple to pay attention. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I want those among you who saw this house in its former glory to pay attention.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HAG	2	3	x5q5	figs-rquestion		0	How do you see it now?	Yahweh is telling them that he knows what they are thinking about the new temple. He speaks of the new temple as if it were the same building as the old temple. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I know what you think of this new temple.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HAG	2	3	tsx7	figs-rquestion		0	Is it not like nothing in your eyes?	Yahweh is telling the people that he understands that they are disappointed because the new temple is so small. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I know that you think it is not important at all.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])
HAG	2	4	y2v9			0	Now, be strong	“From now on, be strong”
HAG	2	4	x8wv	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	2	6	e2qq	figs-metaphor		0	I will … shake the heavens … the earth … the sea … the dry land	The words “I will shake the earth” could be translated as “I will cause an earthquake,” and that earthquake would shake “the sea” as well as “the dry land,” a merism for the entire earth. Yahweh speaks of the heavens and every nation as if they also were solid objects that he could shake. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
HAG	2	6	l2sj			0	shake	Use the verb you usually use for pushing trees back and forth to get fruit or other objects to fall from them.
HAG	2	7	hre1	figs-metaphor		0	I will shake every nation	The metaphor that begins with the words “I will … shake the heavens” in verse 6 ends here. Yahweh speaks of every nation as if they also were solid objects that he could shake. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
HAG	2	7	u8qx	figs-metaphor		0	I will fill this house with glory	Yahweh speaks of glory as if it were a solid or liquid that could be put into a container, the temple. This could mean: (1) the temple will become very beautiful. Alternate translation: “I will make this house very beautiful” or (2) the “precious things” that “every nation will bring” include much silver and gold and other forms of wealth. Alternate translation: “I will have people bring many beautiful things into this house” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HAG	2	8	f56d	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	2	10	wc9p	translate-hebrewmonths		0	On the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month	This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of December on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	2	10	if92	translate-ordinal		0	in the second year of Darius	“in the second year of the reign of Darius” or “when Darius had been king for more than one year” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	2	10	i4py	translate-names		0	Darius … Haggai	See how you translated these men’s names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	2	10	s26v	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HAG	2	12	x84u			0	meat that is set apart to Yahweh … holy	The words “that is set apart to Yahweh” and the word “holy” translate the same Hebrew word. “holy meat … holy”
HAG	2	13	bg3q			0	because of death	“because he has touched a dead body”
HAG	2	14	q5p8			0	So Haggai answered and said, “So it is … is unclean	Haggai answers the priests with the words that Yahweh told Haggai to tell the priests. Alternate translation: “So Haggai answered and told them Yahweh’s words: ‘So it is … is unclean”
HAG	2	14	dv6p			0	So it is with this people and this nation before me	“I look at this people and this nation the same way.” Yahweh reminds the priests that a clean thing that touches an unclean thing becomes unclean. He then reminds them that he thinks of them as unclean because they have been worshiping idols, and so everything they touch and make becomes unclean.
HAG	2	14	ua4f	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	2	15	l2sc	figs-activepassive		0	Before stone was placed upon stone in the temple	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Before you laid the first stones for the temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HAG	2	16	zx3c	translate-numbers		0	twenty measures	“20 measures.” A “measure” is an unknown amount. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
HAG	2	16	ply4	translate-numbers		0	fifty measures	“50 measures.” A “measure” is an unknown amount. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume]])
HAG	2	17	p7cx			0	all the work of your hands	“everything you made” or “your crops”
HAG	2	17	bk6n	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	2	18	zyq1	translate-hebrewmonths		0	the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month	This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. The twenty-fourth day is near the middle of December on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Haggai 2:10](../02/10.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])
HAG	2	18	pcm4	figs-activepassive		0	the day that the foundation of Yahweh’s temple was laid	This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the day that you laid the foundation of Yahweh’s temple” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
HAG	2	19	mx58	figs-rquestion		0	Is there still seed in the storehouse?	Yahweh is preparing the people for the promise he is about to give them. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You can see that there is no seed in the storehouse.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
HAG	2	19	ld7r			0	The vine, the fig tree, the pomegranate, and the olive tree	“Your grape vines, fig trees, pomegranate trees, and olive trees”
HAG	2	19	g2gc	figs-explicit		0	the pomegranate	This is a type of sweet fruit. You may need to make explicit that the tree is being spoken of. Alternate translation: “the pomegranate tree” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown]])
HAG	2	20	l5py	figs-idiom		0	the word of Yahweh came	This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message” or “Yawheh spoke this message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
HAG	2	20	hwk9	translate-names		0	Haggai	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	2	20	rru4	translate-hebrewmonths		0	on the twenty-fourth day of the month	You may need to make explicit which month is spoken of. Alternate translation: “on the twenty-fourth day of the ninth month” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
HAG	2	21	ac9q	translate-names		0	Zerubbabel	This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	2	21	w9i2	figs-metaphor		0	I will shake the heavens and the earth	The words “I will shake the earth” could be translated as “I will cause an earthquake.” Yahweh speaks of the heavens as if they also were solid objects that he could shake. See how these ideas are translated in [Haggai 2:6](../02/06.md).(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
HAG	2	21	v17h			0	shake	Use the verb you usually use for pushing trees back and forth to get fruit or other objects to fall from them. See how you translated this in [Haggai 2:6](../02/06.md).
HAG	2	21	fbc6	figs-merism		0	the heavens and the earth	This is a merism for “the whole universe” or “everything that exists.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
HAG	2	22	ni5i	figs-metonymy		0	I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms	The throne is a metonym for the person sitting on the throne. Alternate translation: “I will take kings off of their thrones” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	2	22	sv3n	figs-metonymy		0	the throne of kingdoms	Here “throne” is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate translation: “government ruled by kings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	2	22	gza6	figs-explicit		0	I will … destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations	You may need to make explicit that “the nations” are Israel’s enemies. Alternate translation: “I will make it so the kingdoms of the nations that are Israel’s enemies are no longer strong” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
HAG	2	22	js5m	figs-metonymy		0	each one because of his brother’s sword	The sword here is a metonym for violent death. Alternate translation: “each one because his brother has killed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
HAG	2	23	p75j	figs-123person		0	this is the declaration of Yahweh of hosts	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh of hosts has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh of hosts, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	2	23	p3ww	translate-names		0	Zerubbabel … Shealtiel	See how you translated these men’s names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
HAG	2	23	itg1	figs-123person		0	this is Yahweh’s declaration	Yahweh speaks of himself by name to express the certainty of what he is declaring. See how you translated this in [Haggai 1:9](../01/09.md). Alternate translation: “this is what Yahweh has declared” or “this is what I, Yahweh, have declared” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-123person]])
HAG	2	23	h7nz	figs-simile		0	I will make you like a signet ring	Kings used a signet ring to seal documents to show that they truly had his authority. Zerubbabel would have authority from Yahweh because he would speak Yahweh’s words. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])
