diff --git a/BBG4E/HW1-Key.md b/BBG4E/HW1-Key.md index 83784c41..aed7556e 100644 --- a/BBG4E/HW1-Key.md +++ b/BBG4E/HW1-Key.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -## HW❶ (1:1-6a) 圖析 +## HW❶ (Mat 1:1-6a) 圖析 - 1:1 (Βίβλοςβίβλος[The] bookN-NSF)S - γενέσεωςγένεσιςof [the] genealogyN-GSF diff --git a/BBG4E/HW2-Key.md b/BBG4E/HW2-Key.md index 55da07a5..1a07e19c 100644 --- a/BBG4E/HW2-Key.md +++ b/BBG4E/HW2-Key.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -## HW❷ (6:9-13) 圖析 +## HW❷ (Mat 6:9-13) 圖析 - 6:9a (Οὕτωςοὕτω, οὕτωςThusADV)A οὖνοὖνthereforeCONJ (προσεύχεσθεπροσεύχομαιprayV-PNM-2P)P (ὑμεῖς·σύyouP-2NP)S - 6:9b (ΠάτερπατήρFatherN-VSM ἡμῶνἐγώof usP-1GP)S =(who [is]T-VSM ἐνἐνinPREP τοῖςtheT-DPM οὐρανοῖς·οὐρανόςheavensN-DPM)S - 6:9c (Ἁγιασθήτωἁγιάζωhallowed beV-APM-3S)P (τὸtheT-NSN ὄνομάὄνομαnameN-NSN σου·σύof YouP-2GS)S diff --git a/BBG4E/HW3-Key.md b/BBG4E/HW3-Key.md index 933ca80c..7bd74a1d 100644 --- a/BBG4E/HW3-Key.md +++ b/BBG4E/HW3-Key.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -## HW❸ (1:1-5) 圖析 +## HW❸ (Mar 1:1-5) 圖析 - 1:1 (Ἀρχὴἀρχή[The] beginningN-NSF)S - (τοῦof theT-GSN εὐαγγελίουεὐαγγέλιονgospelN-GSN) - (ἸησοῦἸησοῦςof JesusN-GSM-P ΧριστοῦΧριστόςChristN-GSM-T) =(ΥἱοῦυἱόςSonN-GSM Θεοῦ.θεόςof GodN-GSM) diff --git a/BBG4E/HW4-Key.md b/BBG4E/HW4-Key.md index 45c2135b..e3999668 100644 --- a/BBG4E/HW4-Key.md +++ b/BBG4E/HW4-Key.md @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -## HW❹ (1:9-13) 圖析 +## HW❹ (Mar 1:9-13) 圖析 - 1:9a ΚαὶκαίAndCONJ (ἐγένετογίνομαιit came to passV-ADI-3S)P (ἐνἐνinPREP « ἐκείναιςἐκεῖνοςthoseD-DPFταῖς-T-DPF ἡμέραιςἡμέραdaysN-DPF › » )A - 1:9b (ἦλθενἔρχομαι[that] cameV-AAI-3S)P (ἸησοῦςἸησοῦςJesusN-NSM-P)S (ἀπὸἀπόfromPREP «ΝαζαρὲτΝαζαρέθ, ΝαζαράNazarethN-GSF-Lτῆς-T-GSF ΓαλιλαίαςΓαλιλαίαof GalileeN-GSF-L › » )A diff --git a/Syntax/§000.md b/Syntax/§000.md index 5f64790e..a358986e 100644 --- a/Syntax/§000.md +++ b/Syntax/§000.md @@ -1,11 +1,312 @@ - - §01希臘文源流 - - 希臘文歷史 §1a +- §01希臘文源流 + - 希臘文歷史 §1a - 閃語對聖經希臘文的影響 §1b - 耶穌也說希臘文 §1c - 聖經希臘文與古典希臘文之異同 §1d - 聖經希臘文與現代希臘文之異同 §1e - - §02 語言學基礎 - - 語言金字塔 §2a +- §02 語言學基礎 + - 語言金字塔 §2a - 形式與功能 §2b - Choice implies Meaning §2c - - 希臘文詞類 (Parts of Speech) §2d \ No newline at end of file + - 希臘文詞類 (Parts of Speech) §2d +- --- + +--- +[The grammar – Koine-Greek](https://koine-greek.com/the-grammar/?fbclid=IwAR1QXMZ5VNphmUPqFZe-9m3YSgosnf2f1QQziG-fyQ2SoY4Q1TUFC8r62j4) + +## Preliminaries + +### 0. Introduction: The approach of this grammar + +#### 0.1 The intended audience +##### 0.1.1 Translators +##### 0.1.2 Linguists + +#### 0.2 Greek grammars & linguistic adequacy + +#### 0.3 The theoretical perspective + +##### 0.3.1 Cognitive +##### 0.3.1.1 The rejection of classical categories +##### 0.3.1.2 Language and the embodied mind +##### 0.3.1.3 Prototypes & gestalts +##### 0.3.1.4 Emergence & complex systems + +#### 0.3.2 Functional + +##### 0.3.2.1 Motivated syntax +##### 0.3.2.2 Iconicity in form and function + +#### 0.3.3 Descriptive + +##### 0.3.3.1 Sources of data +##### 0.3.3.2 Methodology for analysis + +#### 0.4 Conclusion & summary + +## Part I: Parts-of-speech and morphosyntax + +### 1. Verbal inflectional categories + +#### 1.1 Valance & Valency alternating morphology + +##### 1.1.1 Transitivity and embodiment +##### 1.1.2 Prototypical transitive events +##### 1.1.3 Event energy source +##### 1.1.4 Event energy direction +##### 1.1.5 Notes on activa tantum and media tantum verbs + +#### 1.2 Aspect + +##### 1.2.1 Perfective +##### 1.2.2 Imperfective +##### 1.2.3 Completive-resultative + +#### 1.3 Tense + +##### 1.3.1 Past +##### 1.3.2 Non-past +##### 1.3.3 Future + + + +#### 1.4 Mood/modality + +#### 1.4.1 Indicative: The unmarked/default mood +##### 1.4.2 Subjunctive: Epistemic modality +##### 1.4.3 Optative: Remote epistemic modality +##### 1.4.4 Imperative: Deontic modality & illocutionary force +##### 1.4.5 Exhortatives: interlocutors & participant reference + +#### 1.5 Subject agreement + +##### 1.5.1 Person +##### 1.5.2 Number + +### 2. Inflectional morphology of the verb + +### 3. Auxiliary verbs + +#### 3.1 Types of auxiliaries +#### 3.2 Periphrasis +#### 3.3 Auxiliaries and participles + +### 4. Verbal derivational morphology + +#### 4.1 Infinitive +#### 4.2 Participle +#### 4.3 Compounding & similar processes + +##### 4.3.1 Pre-verb attachment/directionals +##### 4.3.2 Compounding +##### 4.3.3 Noun incorporation + +### 5. Nominal inflectional categories + +#### 5.1 Gender + +##### 5.1.1 Gender as noun class +##### 5.1.2 Masculine +##### 5.1.3 Feminine +##### 5.1.4 Neuter +##### 5.1.5 Gender in nouns +##### 5.1.6 Gender agreement & co-indexing + +#### 5.2 Number + +##### 5.2.1 Singular +##### 5.2.2 Plural +##### 5.2.3 Dual* + +#### 6. Inflectional Morphology of the Noun + +#### 7. Inflectional Morphology of the Adjective + +##### 7.1 Adjective inflection classes and iconicity +##### 7.2 Formal relationships among adjective classes + +#### 8. Inflectional morphology of quantifiers + +#### 9. Other derivational morphology + +##### 9.1 Nominalization +##### 9.2 Modifier derivation + +#### 10. Referential & deictic system + +##### 10.1 Interlocutives + +###### 10.1.1 Personal pronouns +###### 10.1.2 Possessive pronouns +###### 10.1.3 Reflexive pronouns + +##### 10.2 Non-interlocutives + +###### 10.2.1 Definite + +###### 10.2.1.1 Substitutive + +###### 10.2.1.1.1 Personal +###### 10.2.1.1.2 Demonstrative + +###### 10.2.1.2 Non-substitutive + +##### 10.2.2 Non-definite + +###### 10.2.2.1 Indefinite +###### 10.2.2.2 Interrogative + +#### 10.2.3 Relative +#### 10.2.4 Correlative + +#### 11. Prepositions + +#### 12. Other lexical classes + +#### 12.1 Adverbs +#### 12.2 Negators +#### 12.3 Connectives +#### 12.4 Interjectives + + +## Part II: Syntax, semantics, & discourse + +### 1. An overview of syntax & semantics + +#### 1.1 The layered structure of the clause + +##### 1.1.1 The nucleus, core, and clause +##### 1.1.2 Verbal and non-verbal predicates +##### 1.1.3 Arguments & Adjuncts +##### 1.1.4 Special syntactic positions +##### 1.1.5 Operators + +#### 1.2 Predicate-types + +##### 1.2.1 States +##### 1.2.2 Activities & active achievements +##### 1.2.3 Achievements +##### 1.2.4 Accomplishment +##### 1.2.5 Semelfactives +##### 1.2.6 Causatives + +#### 1.3 Sentence Prosody: Prominence and Pauses +#### 1.4 Information Packaging in the Clause +#### 1.5 Conclusion: A construction-driven approach + +### 2. The simplex clause + +#### 2.1 Default clause structure + +##### 2.1.1 Natural information flow & information structure +##### 2.1.2 Constituent order & prosody within the core +##### 2.1.3 Declaratives +##### 2.1.4 Content Questions +##### 2.1.5 Yes/No Questions +##### 2.1.6 Commands and prohibitions + +#### 2.2 Marked clause structures + +##### 2.2.1 Prosody, constituent order & the pre-core slot +##### 2.2.2 Prosody, constituent order & the detached positions +##### 2.2.3 Marked topic constructions +##### 2.2.4 Marked focus constructions + +#### 2.3 Other constructions + +##### 2.3.1 Noun incorporation and other ditransitive constructions +##### 2.3.2 Predicate types of clause constructions +##### 2.3.3 Constructions involving operators in the clause + +### 3. The simple reference phrase (i.e. the noun phrase) + + +#### 3.1 Major functions of the reference phrase +#### 3.2 Basic noun phrase structure +##### 3.2.1 Constituent structure +###### 3.2.1.1 Layered Structure of the noun phrase +###### 3.2.1.2 NP Arguments +###### 3.2.1.3 NP Adjuncts + +##### 3.2.2 Noun phrase operators +###### 3.2.2.1 Deixis +###### 3.2.2.2 Identifiability +###### 3.2.2.3 Specificity +###### 3.2.2.4 Negation +###### 3.2.2.5 Quantification +###### 3.2.2.6 Aspect + +#### 3.3 Noun phrases and information structure +#### 3.4 Lexical Nominalization + +##### 3.4.1 Processes for forming nouns from lexical verbs +##### 3.4.2 Syntactic collocation + +###### 3.4.2.1 Assimilation of arguments to NP syntax +###### 3.4.2.2 Unexpressed arguments + +### 4. Prepositional phrases +### 5. An introduction to complex constructions +### 6. Coordinate constructions + +#### 6.1 The semantics of connectives +6.2 The structure of coordination +6.3 Postpositives + +### 7. Subordination & co-subordination + + +#### 7.1 Subordinate clauses with clause linkage markers +#### 7.2 Infinitives + +##### 7.2.1 Infinitives as arguments +##### 7.2.2 Infinitives as adjuncts +##### 7.2.3 Infinitives as complex predicates + +#### 7.3 Participles + + +##### 7.3.1 Participles as arguments +##### 7.3.2 Participles as adjuncts +##### 7.3.3 Participles as complex predicates + + +### 8. Insubordination +### 9. Prepositional phrases + +#### 9.1 Prepositional phrases as adjuncts +#### 9.2 Prepositional phrases as arguments +#### 9.3 Prepositional phrases between adjuncts & arguments + +### 10. Complex reference phrases + +#### 10.1 Participles within the reference phrase + +#### 10.2 Relative clauses + +##### 10.2.1 Headed relative clauses + +##### 10.2.2 Non-headed relative clauses + +### 11. Discourse structure + +#### 11.1 Sentence processing + +#### 11.2 Sentence fragments and interjections + +#### 11.3 Self-repair & Correction + +### 12. Cohesion strategies + +### Appendices + +#### Appendix #1 – Middle voice systems in a typological context + + +#### Appendix #2 – The Tense / Aspect non-debate + +#### Appendix #2 – The Greek Referential & Deictic System + +#### Appendix #3 – The Lexicon + +## Cross-referencing index for traditional grammar categories \ No newline at end of file