2022-11-09 10:34:40 +00:00
## 間接受格
#### 當 C or A?
- Leedy (2019)
2023-07-31 09:28:14 +00:00
- The basic rule of thumb is obvious: transitive verbs take objects, direct and indirect. But occasionally the dative with a transitive verb seems clearly = to express a person advantaged or disadvantaged by the action rather than someone indirectly acted upon.
2022-11-09 10:34:40 +00:00
- < rt > Mar 5:19</ rt > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > ὅσα< rt > ὅσος</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > how much</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > K-APN</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > ὁ< rt > ὁ</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > the</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > T-NSM</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > Κύριός< rt > κύριος</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > Lord</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > N-NSM</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > σ ο ι < rt > σύ</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > for you</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > P-2DS</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby >< strong > πεποίηκεν</ strong >< rt > ποιέω</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > did</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > V-RAI-3S</ rt ></ RUBY >
- σ ο ι 當 A (adverbial idea of personal interest)
- σ ο ι 當 C (Jesus performed the action of doing directly upon the “things” [ὅσα] and indirectly upon the man)
- 根據 BDAG, 當 A 比較好。
- < rt > Mar 6:21</ rt > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > Ἡρῴδης< rt > Ἡρώδης</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > Herod</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > N-NSM-P</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > τοῖς< rt > ὁ</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > on the</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > T-DPN</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > γενεσίοις< rt > γενέσια, γενέθλιος</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > birthday</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > N-DPN</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > αὐτοῦ< rt > αὐτός</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > of him</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > P-GSM</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > δεῖπνον< rt > δεῖπνον</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > a banquet</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > N-ASN</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby >< strong > ἐποίησεν</ strong >< rt > ποιέω</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > made</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > V-AAI-3S</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > τοῖς< rt > ὁ</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > to the</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > T-DPM</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > μεγιστᾶσιν< rt > μεγιστάν</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > great men</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > N-DPM</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > αὐτοῦ< rt > αὐτός</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > of him</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > P-GSM</ rt ></ RUBY >
- τοῖς μεγιστᾶσιν αὐτοῦ 只能當 A (利益間接受格)
- < rt > Luk 7:5</ rt > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > τὴν< rt > ὁ</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > the</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > T-ASF</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > συναγωγὴν< rt > συναγωγή</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > synagogue</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > N-ASF</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > αὐτὸς< rt > αὐτός</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > he</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > P-NSM</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby >< strong > ᾠκοδόμησεν</ strong >< rt > οἰκοδομέω</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > built</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > V-AAI-3S</ rt ></ RUBY > < RUBY >< ruby >< ruby > ἡμῖν.< rt > ἐγώ</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > for us</ rt ></ ruby >< rt > P-1DP</ rt ></ RUBY >
2023-07-31 09:28:14 +00:00
- ἡμῖν = A (利益間接受格)
#### AGG
- AGG §174
- a) 有些動詞常常會帶兩個補語,一個直接受格、一個間接受格 (AGG §174a)
- a) 結構: S—P—C(Od: direct object)—C(Oi: indirect object)
- παρέχω = to grant sth. to s.o.
- ἐμφανίζω = to make sth. visible = to s.o.
- χαρίζομαι = to grant (also forgive) sth. to s.o.
- **φανερόω** = to reveal sth. to s.o.
- δείκνυμι = to show sth. to s.o.
- γνωρίζω = to make sth. known to s.o.
- ἀποκαλύπτω = to disclose/reveal sth. to s.o.
- ⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯言說寫動詞⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯
- λέγω = to say sth. to. s.o. (also πρός + acc. for Oi)
- λαλέω = to say sth. to s.o. (also μετά + gen. for Oi)
- γράφω = to write sth. to s.o.
- ἐπιστέλλω = to write sth. to s.o.
- ἀναγγέλλω = to report sth. to s.o.
- b) 有些動詞常帶一個間接受格當補語 (AGG §174b)
- b) 結構: S—P—C(O< sup > dat</ sup > dative object)
- a) verbs signifying to serve, to minister:
- δουλεύω, διακονέω, λατρεύω
- b) verbs signifying to believe, to trust:
- **πιστεύω**, πέποιθα
- (πιστεύω 39× with O< sup > dat</ sup > , 48× with εἰς+acc., 22× with ὅτι-clause, less frequently with ἐπί/ἐν)
- c) verbs signifying to obey:
- ὑπακούω, πείθομαι
- d) verbs signifying to command:
- ἐπιτάσσω, παραγγέλλω
- c) 有些動詞會把以上兩種情況混搭使用
- εὐαγγελίζομαι = to announce/proclaim good news
- 大多是 S—P—C(Od)—C(Oi);偶而也有 S—P—C(O< sup > dat</ sup > )
- προσκυνέω = to pay homage to, to worship