Conforming names to NIV 2011.

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Henry Whitney 2019-05-23 18:29:50 -04:00
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# Baal-Hanan ... Akbor ... Hadad ... Me-Zahab
# Baal-Hanan ... Hadad ... Me-Zahab
These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
# Rephaim
# Rapha
This is the name given to a race of people who were very tall and strong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# These were descendants of the Rephaim of Gath
# These were descendants of the Rapha of Gath
Here "these" refer to Sippai in [1 Chronicles 20:4](../20/04.md), Lahmi in [1 Chronicles 20:5](../20/05.md), and the giant in verse 6.

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# Ishijah
# Ishiah
Translate the name of this man as in [1 Chronicles 23:20](../23/20.md).

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This is the name of a man. Note that "Ben" before a name means "son of" so "Ben-
"who was the officer in charge of Makaz"
# Makaz ... Shaalbim ... Beth Shemesh ... Elon Beth Hanan
# Makaz ... Shaalbim ... Beth Shemesh ... Elon Bethhanan
These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Gebalites
# General Information:
men from the city of Gebal (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-unknown]])
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"chasing David, trying to catch him"
# Rock of Escape
# Sela Hammahlekoth
a memorial or marker of David's escape from Saul
The name means "Rock of Escape." This was a memorial or marker of David's escape from Saul. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ This is the name of a town. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Hushathite ... Rephaim
# Hushathite ... Rapha
These are names of people groups. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Rephaim
# Rapha
This people group was known for its giant warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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"24 fingers and toes altogether" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])
# Rephaim
# Rapha
This people group was known for its giant warriors. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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Moses continues speaking to the people of Israel.
# month of Abib
# month of Aviv
This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt. It is during the last part of March and the first part April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# the month of Abib
# the month of Aviv
This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Abib is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Abib
# Aviv
This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Abib is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# not appear before me empty-handed

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"7 days" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-numbers]])
# in the month of Abib
# in the month of Aviv
This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Abib is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated "Abib" in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Aviv is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. See how you translated "Aviv" in [Exodus 13:4](../13/04.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-hebrewmonths]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Tel Abib
# Tel Aviv
A town in Babylon, about 80 kilometers southeast of the main city, which was also called Babylon. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Javan
# Greece
This is the name of a coastal region also known as Ionia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
Some English translations read, "Javan." This is the name of a coastal region also known as Ionia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# They handled your merchandise

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# Erech ... Susa
# Uruk ... Susa
names of cities (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Giants
# The Nephilim
very tall, large people
These seem to have been giants, very tall, large people.
# This happened when
"The giants were born because"
"The Nephilim were born because"
# sons of God
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ See how you translated this in [Genesis 6:2](../06/02.md).
# These were the mighty men of old
"These giants were the mighty men who lived long ago" or "These children grew to become the powerful fighters who lived long ago"
"These Nephilim were the mighty men who lived long ago" or "These children grew to become the powerful fighters who lived long ago"
# mighty men

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These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Shinar ... Ellasar ... Elam ... Goiim
# Shinar ... Ellasar ... Elam ... Goyim
These are names of places. See how you translated "Shinar" in [Genesis 10:10](../10/10.md) (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Jegar Saha Dutha
# Jegar Sahadutha
Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Jegar Saha Dutha means 'heap of witness' in Laban's language." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
Translators may add a footnote that says: "The name Jegar Sahadutha means 'heap of witness' in Laban's language." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Galeed

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It is implied that Israel's family and servants are with him. The full meaning of this information can be made explicit. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
# the watchtower of the flock
Some English translations understand this phrase as a proper name, either "Migdal Eder" or "the tower of Eder."

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@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ These are names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of a woman. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# the daughter of Matred, the granddaughter of Me Zahab
# the daughter of Matred, the granddaughter of Me-Zahab
"she was the daughter of Matred, and the granddaughter of Me Zahab"
"she was the daughter of Matred, and the granddaughter of Me-Zahab"

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"In the second year of the reign of Darius the king" or "After Darius had been king for more than a year" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-ordinal]])
# Darius ... Haggai ... Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jehozadak
# Darius ... Haggai ... Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jozadak
These are all names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jehozadak ... Haggai
# Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jozadak ... Haggai
See how you translated these men's names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Yahweh stirred up the spirit of the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the spirit of the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people
# Yahweh stirred up the spirit of the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the spirit of the high priest Joshua son of Jozadak, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people
Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Alternate translation: "Yahweh made the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the high priest Joshua son of Jehozadak, and all the remnant of the people want to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
Stirring the spirit is a metonym for making someone want to act. Alternate translation: "Yahweh made the governor of Judah, Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, and the high priest Joshua son of Jozadak, and all the remnant of the people want to act" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# remnant

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This is a urgent exhortation.
# Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jehozadak
# Zerubbabel ... Shealtiel ... Joshua ... Jozadak
See how you translated these men's names in [Haggai 1:1](../01/01.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# in the far reaches of the north
"in the most northern places." The mountain in the north was apparently called Zaphon. Some modern versions say "far away on the sides of Zaphon."
"in the most northern places." The mountain in the north was apparently called Zaphon. Some modern English translations say, "far away on the sides of Zaphon."

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For long ago Yahweh p
# a place of burning
This phrase is the meaning of the word "Topheth." Topheth is a place in the Hinnom Valley, south of Jerusalem, where at one time people burned their children as sacrifices to a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
Some English translations read, "Topheth," the name of a place in the Hinnom Valley, south of Jerusalem, where at one time people burned their children as sacrifices to a false god. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])
# it is prepared for the king

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# Put ... Lud ... Tubal ... Javan
# the Libyans and Lydians, ... to Tubal, Greece
These are names of areas that are far from the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
These are names of people groups and areas that are far from the land of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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This is the highest mountain in Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Hamath Pass
# Lebo Hamath
This is the name of an area at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of route between two mountains at the northern boundary of Canaan. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Jerub Baal
# Jerub-Baal
This is another name for Gideon. See how you translated his name in [Judges 6:32](../06/32.md).

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# cross over to the coasts of Kittim
# cross over to the coasts of Cyprus
Kittim was an island west of Israel. Today it is called Cyprus. It represented all the lands far to the west of Israel. Alternate translation: "go west across the ocean to Kittim" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
"Cyprus" represents all the lands far to the west of Israel. Alternate translation: "go west across the ocean to Cyprus" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Send messengers out to Kedar

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# Nebo-Sarsekim, Samgar Nebo, and Sarsechim
# Nergal-Sharezer ... Samgar ... Nebo-Sarsekim
These are the names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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These are biblical names for the countries of Ethiopia and Libya. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Ludim, men skillful at bending their bows
# Lydia, men skillful at bending their bows
The ideas of soldiers and going out to battle are understood from earlier in the sentence. They can be repeated. This command can also be addressed directly to the soldiers. Alternate translation: "you soldiers from Lud, who are skillful at bending your bows, go out to battle" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-ellipsis]])
# Ludim
# Lydia
This is the name of the people group from the nation of Lud. Lud is the biblical name for Lydia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of the people group from the nation of Lydia. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# skillful at bending their bows

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These are names of kings. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Hazor ... Madon ... Shimron ... Acshaph
# Hazor ... Madon ... Shimron ... Akshaph
These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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These are the names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# Gebalites
This is the name of a people group who lived in Geba. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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This is an idiom that refers to Aksah becoming Othniel's wife. Alternate translation: "when Aksah became Othniel's wife" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-idiom]])
# she urged him to ask her father for a field.
# urged him to ask her father for a field
This can be translated as direct speech. Alternate translation: "she urged him, 'Ask my father to give me a field.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])
This can be translated as direct speech. Alternate translation: "she urged him, saying, 'Ask my father to give me a field.'" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-quotations]])

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# Helkath, Hali, Beten, Acshaph
# Helkath, Hali, Beten, Akshaph
These are the names of cities. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Besai ... Meunim ... Nephushesim
# Besai ... Meunim ... Nephusim
These are names of men. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# the valley of craftsmen
# Ono, and Ge Harashim
Possible meanings are 1) this is a description of Ono or 2) it is "Craftsmen's Valley" or "the Valley of Craftsmen," another name for Ono, or 3) it is a different place from Ono, "and the Valley of Craftsmen." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
Other possible meanings are 1) Ge Harashim is a different place from Ono whose name is not given. Alternate translation: "Ono, and the valley of the craftsmen" Or 2) Ge Harashim is a description of Ono as "the valley of the craftsmen." Alternate translation: "Ono, the valley of the craftsmen" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# the Nephilim
These seem to have been giants, very tall, large people.
# Anak
This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Waheb in Suphah
# Zahab in Suphah
These are both names of places. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Kittim
# Cyprus
This is the name of a city on an island in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
This is the name of an island in the Mediterranean Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])
# they, too, will end in destruction

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# The mocker resents correction
The word "correction" can be translated with a verbal form. Alternate translation: "The mocker hates when others correct him" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-abstractnouns]])
# he will not go to the wise
It is implied that he will not go to the wise to seek their counsel or advice. Alternate translation: "he will not go to the wise to seek their counsel" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-explicit]])

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# with confusion
# with tumult
"with anxiety"
"with confusion and disorder"

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"Yahweh strongly hates the thoughts of wicked people." See how you translated "abomination" in [Proverbs 3:2](../03..02.md).
# the words of kindness are pure
# pleasant words are pure
"kind words are pure" or "pleasant words are pure"
"kind words are pure"

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"Yahweh strongly hates every exalted heart." See how you translated "abomination" in [Proverbs 3:2](../03..02.md).
# every exalted heart
# Every exalted heart
Here the word "exalted" is a metaphor for "arrogant" because the person himself exalts his heart rather than allowing God or other people to exalt it. The word "heart" represents the person. Alternate translation: "everyone who is arrogant" or "every arrogant person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])

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# Yahweh hates unequal weights and dishonest scales are not good
# General Information:
These two phrases basically mean the same thing and are combined to emphasize how bad this is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-parallelism]])
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# The sacrifice of the wicked is detestable
# The sacrifice of the wicked an abomination
The writer does not mention Yahweh here, as in [Proverbs 15:8](../15/08.md), but the reader should understand that it is Yahweh who detests the sacrifice of the wicked.

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This represents the whole person turning away from and rejecting God's law. Alternate translation: "turns away from hearing and obeying the law" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-synecdoche]])
# even his prayer is detestable
# even his prayer is an abomination
"even his prayer is offensive to God." This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: "God detests even his prayer" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-activepassive]])
# detestable
# abomination
See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).

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# detestable
# an abomination
a person who should be hated. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).
a person whom others should hate. See how you translated this in [Proverbs 3:32](../03/32.md).

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# on the sides of the north
Possible meanings are that this phrase 1) refers to the direction of the north or 2) is another name for Mount Zion meaning "the mountain of God."
Possible meanings are that this phrase 1) refers to the direction of the north or 2) is a proper name, Zaphon, referring to a mountain in the north.

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# Gebal, Ammon, Amalek ... Philistia
# Byblos, Ammon, Amalek ... Philistia
These all represent the people of each area or tribe. Alternate translation: "the people of Gebal, the Ammonites, the Amalekites ... the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
These all represent the people of each area or tribe. Alternate translation: "the people of Byblos, the Ammonites, the Amalekites ... the Philistines" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/figs-metonymy]])
# Gebal
# Byblos
This is the name of a region south of the Dead Sea. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])

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# Jehozadak
# Jozadak
This is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/jit/translate-names]])