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Henry Whitney 2018-08-30 16:33:15 -04:00
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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Possible meanings are 1) "carry out all of my laws" or 2) "treat the people whom
# keep all my commandments and walk in them
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of obeying God's commandments. AT "carefully obey all I tell you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of obeying God's commandments. Alternate translation: "carefully obey all I tell you to do" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])
# I will confirm my promise with you that I had made to David your father

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Walking represents living, and walking in sins represents committing those sins.
# that his father had committed before his time
Since these verses refer to several kings, it may help to include the name of Abijah's father. This information can be made clear. AT "that his father, Rehoboam, had committed before Abijah's time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Since these verses refer to several kings, it may help to include the name of Abijah's father. This information can be made clear. Alternate translation: "that his father, Rehoboam, had committed before Abijah's time" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# his time

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# strengthened his hand in God
This is an idiom. AT "encouraged him to trust in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "encouraged him to trust in God" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ The Old Testament law no longer appears glorious when compared with the new cove
# that which was once made glorious
This can be stated in active form. AT "the law which God once made glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the law which God once made glorious" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# in this respect

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
# these fifty servants of yours
The captain says that his servants are Elijah's servants to show him honor. AT "my fifty soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
The captain says that his servants are Elijah's servants to show him honor. Alternate translation: "my fifty soldiers" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# let my life and the life of ... be precious in your sight

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# So the victory that day was turned into mourning for all the army
This means that the whole army mourned instead of celebrating. AT "So instead of celebrating victory that day, the whole army mourned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
This means that the whole army mourned instead of celebrating. Alternate translation: "So instead of celebrating victory that day, the whole army mourned" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The words "everlasting arms" are a metaphor for Yahweh's promise to protect his
# He thrust out ... he said
Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true. AT "He will thrust out ... he will say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
Moses speaks of the future as if it were the past to emphasize that what he is saying will come true. Alternate translation: "He will thrust out ... he will say" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture]])
# before you ... Destroy

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@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "they give low positio
# low positions
This is an idiom. AT" "unimportant positions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])
This is an idiom. Alternate translation: "unimportant positions" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])

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# set before them all these words
The author writes of Moses telling people things as if he were setting the words before them. AT "told them all these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The author writes of Moses telling people things as if he were setting the words before them. Alternate translation: "told them all these words" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# all these words that Yahweh had commanded him

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# Now you, son of man, will you judge? Will you judge the city of blood?
This rhetorical question functions as a command. AT. "Son of man, go and judge. Go and judge the city of blood." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
This rhetorical question functions as a command. Alternate translation: "Son of man, go and judge. Go and judge the city of blood." (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])
# son of man

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The leaders of Israel are spoken as if they were shepherds. They were supposed t
# are shepherding themselves
The leaders taking care of themselves instead of the people are spoken of as if they were shepherding themselves. AT "are feeding and taking care of themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The leaders taking care of themselves instead of the people are spoken of as if they were shepherding themselves. Alternate translation: "are feeding and taking care of themselves" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# Should not shepherds guard the flock?

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This means that Yahweh helped Joseph and was always with him. Alternate translat
# He lived in the house
Here the author speaks of working in the master's house as if it were living in the master's house. Only the most trusted servants were permitted to work in their master's house. AT : "he worked in the house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Here the author speaks of working in the master's house as if it were living in the master's house. Only the most trusted servants were permitted to work in their master's house. Alternate translation: "he worked in the house" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# his Egyptian master

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@ -12,5 +12,5 @@ These place names refer to the people who live there. Alternate translation: "th
# All their heads are shaved bare and all their beards are cut off
They do this to show their extreme sadness. AT" "They will all shave their heads and cut off their beards and grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])
They do this to show their extreme sadness. Alternate translation: "They will all shave their heads and cut off their beards and grieve" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ Isaiah uses these questions to emphasize that the people should know Yahweh's gr
# the ends of the earth
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. AT "the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. Alternate translation: "the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ You can translate "isles" the same way you translated "coastlands" in [Isaiah 41
# the ends of the earth
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. AT "the farthest places of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. Alternate translation: "the farthest places of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# they approach and come

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ These two lines mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh is bring
# the ends of the earth
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:5](../41/05.md). AT "the farthest places of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 41:5](../41/05.md). Alternate translation: "the farthest places of the earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# I have chosen you and not rejected you

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Turn to me and I will
# all the ends of the earth
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. AT "all the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. Alternate translation: "all the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# all the ends of the earth

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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ The servant bringing Yahweh's message to the Gentiles and helping them to unders
# to the ends of the earth
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. AT "to all the farthest places of the earth" or "to the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. Alternate translation: "to all the farthest places of the earth" or "to the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
# the ends of the earth
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 40:28](../40/28.md). AT "the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
The places on the earth that are very far away are spoken of as if they were the places where the earth ends. This phrase also forms a merism and refers to everywhere in between the ends. See how you translated this in [Isaiah 40:28](../40/28.md). Alternate translation: "the farthest places of the earth" or "the entire earth" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-merism]])
# the daughter of Zion

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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ The name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])
# a stick used to goad cattle
Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. AT "a stick used to urge cattle to move" or "a stick used to direct cattle"
Cattle farmers would poke their cattle with a sharp stick to make them move. Alternate translation: "a stick used to urge cattle to move" or "a stick used to direct cattle"
# He also delivered Israel from danger

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Here this refers to the people of Judah. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-e
# May Yahweh bless you, you righteous place where he lives, you holy mountain
Jerusalem is on the top of a hill, and the temple was built at the highest point in Jerusalem. AT; "May Yahweh bless those who live in Jerusalem with Yahweh, where his temple is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
Jerusalem is on the top of a hill, and the temple was built at the highest point in Jerusalem. Alternate translation: "May Yahweh bless those who live in Jerusalem with Yahweh, where his temple is" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-apostrophe]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# you holy mountain

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# I will give them into the hand of their enemies
The word "hand" here is a metonym for the power or control that the enemies will exercise using their hands. AT; "I will allow their enemies to have complete control over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
The word "hand" here is a metonym for the power or control that the enemies will exercise using their hands. Alternate translation: "I will allow their enemies to have complete control over them" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
# seeking their lives

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Yahweh continues the speech he began in [Joel 2:25](../02/25.md), promising good
# I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh
Yahweh speaks of the Spirit as if he were speaking of water. AT" "I will give my Spirit generously to all flesh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Yahweh speaks of the Spirit as if he were speaking of water. Alternate translation: "I will give my Spirit generously to all flesh" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
# all flesh

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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ In this case the vow would involve giving oneself or another person to God. This
# use the following valuations
Instead of giving the person, he would give the Lord a certain amount of silver. AT "use the following values as your gift to the Lord in place of the person" or "give the Lord the following amounts of silver instead of the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Instead of giving the person, he would give the Lord a certain amount of silver. Alternate translation: "use the following values as your gift to the Lord in place of the person" or "give the Lord the following amounts of silver instead of the person" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
# the person being given must be presented to the priest
This can be stated in active form. AT "he must present to the priest the person he is giving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "he must present to the priest the person he is giving" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# to tell no one
This can be translated as a direct quote: "Do not tell anyone" There is implied information that can also be stated explicitly (AT): "do not tell anyone that you have been healed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
This can be translated as a direct quote: "Do not tell anyone" There is implied information that can also be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "do not tell anyone that you have been healed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])
# sacrifice for your cleansing

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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@ Here "Tyre and Sidon" refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation
# than for you
Here the "you" is plural and refers to Chorazin and Bethsaida. If it is more natural for your language, you could use a dual "you" to refer to the two cities, or a plural "you" to refer to the people of the cities. The implied information can be made explicit. AT "than for you, because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Here the "you" is plural and refers to Chorazin and Bethsaida. If it is more natural for your language, you could use a dual "you" to refer to the two cities, or a plural "you" to refer to the people of the cities. The implied information can be made explicit. Alternate translation: "than for you, because you did not repent and believe in me, even though you saw me do miracles" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
# I will say to the reapers, "First pull out the weeds and tie them in bundles to burn them, but gather the wheat into my barn."
You can translate this as an indirect quote (AT): "I will tell the reapers to first gather up the weeds and tie them in bundles to burn them, and then gather the wheat into my barn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
You can translate this as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: "I will tell the reapers to first gather up the weeds and tie them in bundles to burn them, and then gather the wheat into my barn" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])
# barn

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@ -8,5 +8,5 @@ The abstract noun "violence" refers to violent deeds or things people do to harm
# drag them away
This phrase refers to dragging a net through water to catch fish. The wicked being destroyed by their own actions is spoken of as if their actions trapped them in a net like one would catch fish. AT "drag them away like fish" or "destroy them as easily as one catches fish in a net" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
This phrase refers to dragging a net through water to catch fish. The wicked being destroyed by their own actions is spoken of as if their actions trapped them in a net like one would catch fish. Alternate translation: "drag them away like fish" or "destroy them as easily as one catches fish in a net" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Here the "heart" represents the person's feelings or emotions. Alternate transla
# then I will give back an answer to the one who mocks me
Here "answer" does not mean to answer a question. It means to respond or to reply to someone who is mocking. How this relates to the clause before it can be made clear. AT "then I will reply to the one who mocks me by telling him about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
Here "answer" does not mean to answer a question. It means to respond or to reply to someone who is mocking. How this relates to the clause before it can be made clear. Alternate translation: "then I will reply to the one who mocks me by telling him about you" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])
# mocks

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# I will place one of your descendants on your throne
Making a king's descendant become king in his place is spoken of as placing him on that king's throne. AT "I will cause one of your descendants to rule Israel in your place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
Making a king's descendant become king in his place is spoken of as placing him on that king's throne. Alternate translation: "I will cause one of your descendants to rule Israel in your place" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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# supports all who are falling ... raises up all those who are bent over
The psalmist speaks of Yahweh encouraging people as if he were helping people who were physically weak. You may need to translate both lines using only one line. AT "encourages those who are discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
The psalmist speaks of Yahweh encouraging people as if he were helping people who were physically weak. You may need to translate both lines using only one line. Alternate translation: "encourages those who are discouraged" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ This is the beginning of the Son of Man's message to the angel of the church in
# the angel
Possible meanings are that this "angel" is 1) a heavenly angels who protect this church or 2) a human messenger to the church, either a messenger who went from John to the church or the leader of the churches. See how you translated "angel" in [Revelation 1:20](../01/20.md)
Possible meanings are that this "angel" is 1) a heavenly angel who protects this church or 2) a human messenger to the church, either a messenger who went from John to the church or the leader of the church. See how you translated "angel" in [Revelation 1:20](../01/20.md)
# stars

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@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
# you have left behind your first love
To stop doing something is spoken of as leaving it behind. Love is spoken of as if it is an object that can be left behind. AT "you have stopped loving me as you did at the beginning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])
To stop doing something is spoken of as leaving it behind. Love is spoken of as if it is an object that can be left behind. Alternate translation: "you have stopped loving me as you did at the beginning" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Possible meanings are 1) Satan's power and evil influence on people, or 2) the p
# you did not deny your faith in me
"Faith" can be translated with the verb "believe." AT "you continued to tell people that you believe in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
"Faith" can be translated with the verb "believe." Alternate translation: "you continued to tell people that you believe in me" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
# Antipas

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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ The Christians in Smyrna were poor because they did not have much money. But the
##### "The devil is about to" #####
People were about to take some of the Christians in Smyrna and throw them into prison and even kill some of them ([Revelation 2:10](../../rev/02/10.md)). John does not say who these people were. But he does speak of them harming the Christians as if Satan himself were harming them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
Some authorities were about to take some of the Christians in Smyrna and throw them into prison and even kill some of them ([Revelation 2:10](../../rev/02/10.md)). John does not say who these authorities were, but he does speak of them harming the Christians as if Satan himself were harming them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
##### Balaam, Balak, and Jezebel #####

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This may have been "at the base of the altar."
# those who had been killed
This can be translated with an active verb. AT "those whom others had killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
This can be translated with an active verb. Alternate translation: "those whom others had killed" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])
# because of the word of God and the testimony which they held

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# Salvation belongs ... to the Lamb
They were praising God and the Lamb. The noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." AT "Our God, who sits on the throne, and the Lamb have saved us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])
They were praising God and the Lamb. The noun "salvation" can be expressed with the verb "save." Alternate translation: "Our God, who sits on the throne, and the Lamb have saved us!" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])