The sword is a common way of referring to a violent enemy. Alternate translation: "those who want to kill me" or "my enemies" (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])
The writer speaks about his enemies as if they were dogs, lions, and wild oxen to emphasize how dangerous his enemies are. Also, the claws, mouth, and horns stand for the animals as a whole in a synecdoche. The writer emphasizes these parts of the animals because they are the parts that the animals would use to kill someone. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])